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HomeMy WebLinkAbout10 Transportation Plan Study 8-2019 2880 Technology Boulevard West • Bozeman, MT 59718 (406) 587-0721 • www.m-m.net Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing Tract 5 of Certificate of Survey 2552 | 5250 Baxter Lane Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana August 2019 Prepared For: NWX LLC 1735 South 19th Avenue PO Box 11890 Bozeman, MT 59718 MMI Project No. 5659.004 Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana Table of Contents | i Table of Contents Purpose of Report and Study Objectives ................................... 1 Proposed Development ........................ 1 Location .......................................................... 1 Development Description ................................ 1 Development Horizon ...................................... 4 Development Traffic .............................. 4 Forecast Trip Generation ................................ 4 Trip Distribution ............................................... 5 Trip Assignment .............................................. 5 Pedestrians & Bicyclists .................................. 5 Transit Service ................................................ 5 Non-Site Traffic ............................................... 9 Method of Projection ......................................... 9 Estimated Volumes ........................................... 9 Total Traffic ..................................................... 9 Transportation Analyses .................... 12 Methodologies ............................................... 12 Study Scenarios .............................................. 12 Analysis Methodologies .................................. 12 Two-Way Stop-Controlled (TWSC) Intersections .............................. 12 Roundabout Analyses .............................. 13 Traffic Operations .......................................... 13 Findings ............................................... 13 Need for Any Improvements ......................... 13 Mitigation of Baxter Lane & Laurel Parkway .. 19 All-Way Stop Control ............................... 19 Traffic Signal Warrant Analyses .............. 19 Roundabout Control ................................ 19 Mitigation of Baxter Lane & Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road ...... 20 Pedestrians & Bicyclists ................................ 22 Transit Service.............................................. 22 Conclusions & Recommendations ... 22 Baxter Lane .................................................. 22 Cottonwood Road ......................................... 23 Laurel Parkway ............................................. 23 West Oak Street ........................................... 23 Baxter Lane & Laurel Parkway ..................... 24 Baxter Lane & Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road .................................... 24 West Oak Street & Laurel Parkway ............... 24 West Oak Street & Cottonwood Road ........... 25 Interior Roadways & Intersections ................ 25 Pedestrian & Bicyclist Connectivity ............... 25 References ........................................... 26 Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana ii | Appendices Appendices Appendix A Trip Generation Analyses Appendix B Capacity & Level of Service Analyses B-1: Intersection Operations Summaries B-2: Estimated 2040 Background Traffic B-3: Estimated 2040 Total Traffic Appendix C Signal Warrant Analyses Appendix D Mitigation Analyses D-1: Estimated 2040 Background Traffic D-2: Estimated 2040 Total Traffic Appendix E Level of Service Concepts, Analysis Methodologies, & Standards of Significance Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana List of Figures & Tables | iii List of Figures Figure 1: Project Location ................................................................................................................... 2 Figure 2: Preliminary Development Layout ....................................................................................... 3 Figure 3: Primary Trip Distribution ..................................................................................................... 6 Figure 4: External Site Traffic Assignment ........................................................................................ 7 Figure 5: Internal Site Traffic Assignment ......................................................................................... 8 Figure 6: Estimated 2040 Background Traffic ................................................................................. 10 Figure 7: Estimated 2040 Total Traffic at Exterior Intersections .................................................... 11 Figure 8: Estimated 2040 Background Traffic LOS Summary ........................................................ 14 Figure 9: Estimated 2040 Weekday, AM Peak Hour External Traffic LOS Summary ..................... 15 Figure 10: Estimated 2040 Weekday, PM Peak Hour External Traffic LOS Summary ................... 16 Figure 11: Estimated 2040 Weekday, AM Peak Hour Internal Traffic LOS Summary .................... 17 Figure 12: Estimated 2040 Weekday, PM Peak Hour Internal Traffic LOS Summary .................... 18 List of Tables Table 1: Estimated Northwest Crossing Trip Generation Summary ................................................ 4 Table 2: 2040 Intersection Operations Summary for Baxter Lane & Laurel Parkway with Roundabout Control .............................................................. 20 Table 3: 2040 Intersection Operations Summary for Baxter Lane & Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road with the Addition of an Eastbound Right-Turn Lane ....................................................................... 21 Transportation Planning Study for Northwest Crossing Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 1 Purpose of Report and Study Objectives The intent of this transportation planning study is to assess traffic operations for the transportation network shown in the Bozeman Transportation Master Plan (TMP) prepared by Robert Peccia & Associates dated April 2017 and potential impacts with the proposed Northwest Crossing development proposed to be located in Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana. The information presented in this report is intended to evaluate the safety and operational aspects of the transportation system in the area of the proposed development under anticipated future conditions as well as with estimated impacts. Study recommendations and conclusions are intended to provide guidance with respect to the short- and long- term function of the area transportation system. Proposed Development Location The proposed Northwest Crossing development is located in Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana on Tract 5 of Certificate of Survey No. 2552 located in the northeast quarter of Section 4, Township 2 South, Range 5 East, Principal Meridian of Montana. Generally, the property is bordered by agricultural land to the west, West Oak Street to the south, the Bozeman Sports Park and future Cottonwood Road to the south, and Baxter Lane to the north. The project location is shown in Figure 1 on the following page. Development Description The Northwest Crossing project is proposed to consist of a mix of commercial and residential development on a total net area of approximately 125 acres. The development is estimated to generate a total of 11,792 average weekday trips as well as 629 weekday AM and 766 PM peak hour trips. Access to and from the development is proposed to utilize connections on the adjacent transportation network: Laurel Parkway to the west, Cottonwood Road to the east, Baxter Lane to the north, and West Oak Street to the south. The preliminarily proposed site layout is shown in Figure 2 on page 3. Zoning The existing site is currently zoned REMU (Residential Emphasis Mixed-Use Zoning District) and B-2M (Community Business District-Mixed) under the City of Bozeman’s zoning designations. Descriptions of each of the zoning designations are provided on page 4. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 2 Figure 1: Project Location Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 3 Figure 2: Preliminary Development Layout Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 4 Development Horizon It is anticipated that the proposed Northwest Crossing development will progress over the course of the next 10 to 15 years. In order to assess the functionality of the transportation network in the area of the proposed development, this study will evaluate traffic operations through the year 2040, being in-line with the analysis timeframe of the Bozeman TMP. Development Traffic Forecast Trip Generation Trip generation is a measure or forecast of the number of trips that begin or end at the development site. The traffic generated is a function of the extent and type of proposed development. This study utilized Trip Generation, 10th Edition published by the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) for estimating average vehicle trip ends based on Land Use Code (LUC) 210 – Single-Family Detached Housing; LUC 220 – Multifamily Housing (Low-Rise); and LUC 770 – Business Park. Trip ends are defined as a single or one-directional travel movement with either the origin or the destination of the trip inside the study site. The estimated primary purpose trip generation for the proposed Northwest Crossing development is summarized in Table 1 below. Primary purpose trips are those where the site is the primary origin or destination, which result in new trips on the roadway system. Detailed analyses for each parcel shown (i.e. A, B, C/D/E, etc.) in Figure 2 on the previous page are provided in Appendix A. Table 1: Estimated Northwest Crossing Trip Generation Summary Parcels Land Use Type Units Average Weekday Trips Average Weekday, AM Peak Hour Trips Average Weekday, PM Peak Hour Trips Enter Exit Total Enter Exit Total Enter Exit Tota l A, B, C/D/E2, & G2 Business Park 322,000 SF Gross Floor Area 2,002 2,002 4,004 79 50 129 62 74 136 C/D/E1, F, G1, H, I2, K, L, & M Multifamily Housing (Low-Rise) 504 Dwelling Units 2,082 2,082 4,164 69 164 233 170 110 280 I1, J, N, O, & P Single-Family Detached Housing 342 Dwelling Units 1,812 1,812 3,624 68 199 267 221 129 350 TOTALS = 5,896 5,896 11,792 216 413 629 453 313 766 Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 5 Trip Distribution Trip distribution is the process of identifying the probable destinations, directions, and traffic routes that development related traffic will likely affect. Various methods are available for estimating trip distribution, including the analogy, trip distribution model, area of influence, origin-destination (O-D), and surrogate data methods. This study utilizes the trip distribution model method based on data adapted from the Bozeman TMP for the 2040 forecast travel demand model volumes. The primary trip distribution for the proposed Northwest Crossing development is shown in Figure 3 on the following page. Trip Assignment The assignment of development related traffic provides the information necessary to determine the level of site related impacts to the area roadway system and intersections. It involves determining the volume of traffic and its movements within the transportation system. At a minimum, trip assignment must also consider route choice, how the existing transportation system functions, and travel times to and from the site. The resulting traffic assignment at the study area intersections for the proposed Northwest Crossing development is shown in the following figures:  Figure 4: External Site Traffic Assignment – Page 7  Figure 5: Internal Site Traffic Assignment – Page 8 Pedestrians & Bicyclists Facilities for pedestrians and bicyclists are proposed to be included as part of the Northwest Crossing development in accordance with City of Bozeman standards. The Bozeman TMP recommends the inclusion of bicycle lanes on Baxter Lane, Cottonwood Road, Laurel Parkway, and West Oak Street. Shared-use pathways are also proposed to be included along Cottonwood Road and West Oak Street. Transit Service Streamline currently provides transit service to Belgrade, Bozeman, Four Corners, and Montana State University. This service is currently free for all passengers, which creates an incentive for transit ridership. Streamline does not currently offer any routes that provide service within the study area. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 6 Figure 3: Primary Trip Distribution Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 7 Figure 4: External Site Traffic Assignment Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 8 Figure 5: Internal Site Traffic Assignment Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 9 Non-Site Traffic Method of Projection In order to more accurately reflect the potential impacts from development generated traffic it is necessary to develop an estimate of non-site related traffic growth during the analysis period. Three primary means are typically used to estimate growth of non-site generated traffic, including the build-up method, the use of transportation plans or models, as well as the trends or growth rate method. The build-up method takes into account traffic growth due to approved or anticipated to be approved developments in the study area. Transportation plans or models typically provide estimates for traffic volumes for approximately 20 years into the future. The model volumes are usually provided for average weekday traffic, but can be converted to peak hour volumes including turning movements. The trends or growth rate method involves evaluating the historic traffic growth rates within a study area. The underlying assumption with this method is that historic growth trends will remain approximately the same and continue in the future. Estimated Volumes Estimated background traffic volumes for the 2040 development horizon were established by utilizing average weekday traffic volume projections contained within the Bozeman TMP. Estimated weekday, peak hour turning movement volumes were derived by applying K factors to the 2040 annual average daily traffic volumes in the Bozeman TMP to arrive at volumes for the AM and PM peak hours. K factors are defined as being a proportion of annual average daily traffic occurring in an hour. A K factor of 0.096 (9.6%) was utilized for the weekday, AM peak hour, and a K factor of 0.103 (10.3%) was used for the weekday, PM peak hour. Turning movement volumes were developed from the calculated total weekday, AM and PM peak hours based on known traffic patterns in the surrounding area during those periods. Estimated 2040 background traffic volumes are presented in Figure 6 on the following page. Total Traffic Site-generated traffic from the proposed Northwest Crossing development for full build-out conditions was combined with the estimated 2040 background traffic volumes to establish the estimated 2040 total traffic volumes that were used in the impact analyses. Those volumes are shown in Figure 7 on page 11. Although there may be some cut-through traffic within the proposed development, the estimated 2040 total traffic volumes included as a part of this study are limited to the external intersections adjacent to the proposed development. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 10 Figure 6: Estimated 2040 Background Traffic Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 11 Figure 7: Estimated 2040 Total Traffic at Exterior Intersections Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 12 Transportation Analyses Methodologies This section documents the methodologies and assumptions used to conduct the traffic impact analyses for the proposed Northwest Crossing development. Study methodology and analyses are based on ITE’s Recommended Practices for Transportation Impact Analyses for Site Development. These analyses are used to determine the project’s conformance with City of Bozeman policies and evaluate whether the proposed development’s impacts are perceptible to the average driver. Study Scenarios This study presents analyses of the following scenarios:  Estimated 2040 Background Traffic  Estimated 2040 Total Traffic Analysis Methodologies Transportation system operating conditions are typically described in terms of “level of service”. Level of service (LOS) is the performance measure used to evaluate the cumulative effects of such things as travel speed, traffic volumes, roadway and intersection capacity, travel delay, and traffic interruptions. Operating conditions are designated as LOS A through LOS F, which represents the most favorable to the least favorable operating conditions. Level of service for intersections is determined by control delay. Control delay is defined as the total elapsed time from when a vehicle stops at the end of a queue to the time the vehicle departs from the stop line. The total elapsed time includes the time required for the vehicle to travel from the last-in-queue position to the first-in-queue position, including deceleration of vehicles from the free flow speed to the speed of vehicles in the queue. Appendix A lists the delay/LOS criteria listed in the Highway Capacity Manual, 6th Edition | A Guide for Multimodal Mobility Analysis (HCM) published by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) for unsignalized and signalized intersections. Two-Way Stop-Controlled (TWSC) Intersections Two-way stop-controlled (TWSC) intersection capacity and level of service analyses were performed using HCS TWSC Version 7.4 developed and maintained by the McTrans Center at the University of Florida. Unsignalized intersection analyses are based on Chapter 20 of the HCM. The HCM methodology for evaluating TWSC intersections is based on gap acceptance and conflicting traffic for vehicles stopped on the minor street approaches. The critical gap (or minimum acceptable gap) is defined as the minimum time interval in the major street traffic stream that allows entry for one minor street vehicle. Average control delay and LOS for the “worst approach” are reported. LOS is not defined for the whole intersection. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 13 Roundabout Analyses Roundabout intersection capacity and level of service analyses were performed using HCS Roundabouts Version 7.4 also developed and maintained by the McTrans Center. Roundabout intersection analyses are based on Chapter 22 of the HCM. The HCM methodology for evaluating roundabout intersections is based on flow patterns and conflicting traffic for vehicles entering, circulating, and exiting the roundabout. Traffic Operations Capacity and level of service analyses were performed for the study area intersections for each of the study scenarios based on intersection geometry and traffic control proposed as part of the Bozeman TMP for the future, 2040 transportation network. Detailed results of the analyses are provided in Appendix B and are summarized in the following figures:  Figure 8: Estimated 2040 Background Traffic LOS Summary – Page 14  Figure 9: Estimated 2040 Weekday, AM Peak Hour External Traffic LOS Summary – Page 15  Figure 10: Estimated 2040 Weekday, PM Peak Hour External Traffic LOS Summary – Page 16  Figure 11: Estimated 2040 Weekday, AM Peak Hour Internal Traffic LOS Summary – Page 17  Figure 12: Estimated 2040 Weekday, PM Peak Hour Internal Traffic LOS Summary – Page 18 Findings Need for Any Improvements Capacity and level of service analyses for traffic conditions based on estimated 2040 background and total traffic conditions identified the following intersections that may require some form of mitigation:  Baxter Lane & Laurel Parkway  Baxter Lane & Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road Each of the remaining intersections evaluated as a part of this study are projected to function at LOS C or better on each approach, which is the minimum desirable level of service. Therefore, no additional improvements are necessary to mitigate projected traffic operations for West Oak Street and its intersections with Laurel Parkway or Cottonwood Road nor the conceptually proposed internal intersections within Northwest Crossing for estimated 2040 background or total traffic conditions. Detailed analyses of evaluated intersection traffic operations are provided in Appendix B. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 14 Figure 8: Estimated 2040 Background Traffic LOS Summary Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 15 Figure 9: Estimated 2040 Weekday, AM Peak Hour External Traffic LOS Summary Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 16 Figure 10: Estimated 2040 Weekday, PM Peak Hour External Traffic LOS Summary Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 17 Figure 11: Estimated 2040 Weekday, AM Peak Hour Internal Traffic LOS Summary Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 18 Figure 12: Estimated 2040 Weekday, PM Peak Hour Internal Traffic LOS Summary Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 19 Mitigation of Baxter Lane & Laurel Parkway As part of the Bozeman TMP, the proposed future intersection of Baxter Lane and Laurel Parkway is conceptually configured for two-way stop control, all-way stop control, or signalized control. The initial analyses for estimated 2040 background traffic conditions were based on two-way stop control, with stop control installed on the northbound and southbound Laurel Parkway approaches. No analyses of the future intersection were included as part of the final Bozeman TMP. All-Way Stop Control All-way stop control was initially evaluated for the intersection of Baxter Lane and Laurel Parkway; however, it was found to degrade the projected traffic operations on Baxter Lane to LOS F for the eastbound approach during the weekday, AM peak hour and LOS E for the westbound approach during the weekday, PM peak hour. Therefore, all-way stop control was not considered a viable means of mitigating substandard traffic operations for the intersection. Traffic Signal Warrant Analyses The intersection of Baxter Lane and Laurel Parkway was then evaluated for consideration of installing a traffic signal. Because the estimated 2040 background and total traffic volumes are based on projections, actual 24-hour traffic volumes, pedestrian / bicyclist crossings, and crash experience data are not available to perform a full traffic signal warrant analysis. The Oregon Department of Transportation has developed a procedure for preparing a preliminary signal warrant analysis based on estimated average daily traffic volumes to evaluate “Warrant #1: Eight-Hour Vehicular Volume” and “Warrant #2: Four-Hour Vehicular Volume” similarly to criteria outlined in the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices published by the Federal Highway Administration (June 13, 2012). Criteria are not evaluated for “Warrant #3: Peak Hour” based on estimated average daily traffic volumes. In performing the signal warrant analysis for the intersection of Baxter Lane and Laurel Parkway based on estimated 2040 background and total traffic volumes, all right turn movements were excluded from the analyses. The intersection is not projected to satisfy either Warrant #1 – Eight-Hour Vehicular Volume or Warrant #2: Four-Hour Vehicular Volume for estimated 2040 background or total traffic volumes. The signal warrant analyses are included in Appendix C. Roundabout Control Single-lane roundabout control was evaluated as an alternative for the intersection of Baxter Lane and Laurel Parkway. Overall, the intersection is projected to operate at LOS A during both the weekday, AM and PM peak hours for estimated 2040 background and total traffic conditions. The results of the roundabout analyses are summarized in Table 2 on the following page and in Appendix D. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 20 Table 2: 2040 Intersection Operations Summary for Baxter Lane & Laurel Parkway with Roundabout Control Analysis Scenario Lane Group LOS Delay (sec/veh) Entry Volume (veh) Volume to Capacity Ratio (v/c) HCS 95% Max Queue Length (veh) HCS 95% Max Queue Length (ft) Estimated 2040 Background Traffic Weekday, AM Peak Hour Intersection A 8.1 1,007 0.40 EB LTR B 10.5 528 0.57 3.8 100 WB LTR A 5.4 282 0.27 1.1 50 NB LTR A 6.4 54 0.10 0.3 25 SB LTR A 5.3 143 0.17 0.6 25 Estimated 2040 Background Traffic Weekday, PM Peak Hour Intersection A 7.7 1,068 0.40 EB LTR A 4.6 430 0.16 0.6 25 WB LTR B 10.2 540 0.57 3.7 100 NB LTR A 4.5 130 0.14 0.5 25 SB LTR A 7.1 109 0.18 0.7 25 Estimated 2040 Total Traffic Weekday, AM Peak Hour Intersection A 8.9 1,123 0.44 EB LTR B 11.5 560 0.61 4.4 125 WB LTR A 6.1 329 0.33 1.4 50 NB LTR A 7.3 84 0.15 0.5 25 SB LTR A 5.9 150 0.20 0.7 25 Estimated 2040 Total Traffic Weekday, PM Peak Hour Intersection A 8.1 1,209 0.34 EB LTR A 4.6 430 0.16 0.6 25 WB LTR B 10.2 540 0.57 3.7 100 NB LTR A 4.5 130 0.14 0.5 25 SB LTR A 7.1 109 0.18 0.7 25 NB = Northbound; SB = Southbound; EB = Eastbound; and WB = Westbound | LTR = Left-Through-Right Mitigation of Baxter Lane & Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road The proposed future intersection of Baxter Lane and Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road is conceptually configured for roundabout control with single lane entries for the eastbound and westbound, Baxter Lane approaches and dual-lane entries on the northbound, Cottonwood Road approach as well as the southbound, Harper Puckett Road approach as part of the Bozeman TMP. With the addition of estimated traffic from the proposed Northwest Crossing development the eastbound, Baxter Lane approach is projected to degrade to LOS D during the weekday, AM peak hour. The intersection was evaluated with the addition of a dedicated, eastbound right-turn lane. The results of the analyses are summarized in Table 3 on the following page and are provided in Appendix D. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 21 Table 3: 2040 Intersection Operations Summary for Baxter Lane & Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road with the Addition of an Eastbound Right-Turn Lane Analysis Scenario Lane Group LOS Delay (sec/veh) Entry Volume (veh) Volume to Capacity Ratio (v/c) HCS 95% Max Queue Length (veh) HCS 95% Max Queue Length (ft) Estimated 2040 Background Traffic Weekday, AM Peak Hour Roundabout Control Intersection A 7.3 1,449 0.34 EB LT A 8.5 304 0.40 1.9 50 EB R A 8.2 337 0.41 2.0 50 WB LTR A 6.9 371 0.38 1.8 50 NB LT A 5.7 113 0.18 0.7 25 NB TR A 6.6 228 0.26 1.0 25 SB LT A 5.2 49 0.07 0.2 25 SB TR A 5.1 47 0.07 0.2 25 Estimated 2040 Background Traffic Weekday, PM Peak Hour Roundabout Control Intersection A 8.8 1,538 0.40 EB LT A 6.6 215 0.27 1.1 50 EB R A 6.2 225 0.26 1.1 50 WB LTR B 13.2 529 0.64 4.8 125 NB LT A 6.2 248 0.28 1.1 50 NB TR A 6.6 269 0.31 1.3 50 SB LT A 6.6 25 0.05 0.2 25 SB TR A 6.7 26 0.05 0.2 25 Estimated 2040 Total Traffic Weekday, AM Peak Hour Roundabout Control Intersection A 8.1 1,601 0.38 EB LT A 8.5 304 0.40 1.9 50 EB R A 8.2 337 0.41 2.0 50 WB LTR A 6.9 371 0.38 1.8 50 NB LT A 5.7 113 0.18 0.7 25 NB TR A 6.6 228 0.26 1.0 25 SB LT A 5.2 49 0.07 0.2 25 SB TR A 5.1 47 0.07 0.2 25 Estimated 2040 Total Traffic Weekday, PM Peak Hour Roundabout Control Intersection B 11.0 1,721 0.46 EB LT A 7.6 245 0.33 1.4 50 EB R A 6.8 240 0.29 1.2 50 WB LTR C 18.0 611 0.75 7.3 200 NB LT A 6.8 264 0.31 1.3 50 NB TR A 7.3 301 0.35 1.6 50 SB LT A 7.5 25 0.06 0.2 25 SB TR A 7.6 35 0.07 0.2 25 NB = Northbound; SB = Southbound; EB = Eastbound; and WB = Westbound LT = Left-Through; R = Right; LTR = Left-Through-Right; and TR= Through-Right Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 22 Pedestrians & Bicyclists Facilities for pedestrians and bicyclists are proposed to be included as part of the Northwest Crossing development in accordance with City of Bozeman standards. The Bozeman TMP recommends the inclusion of bicycle lanes on Baxter Lane, Cottonwood Road, Laurel Parkway, and West Oak Street. Shared-use pathways are also proposed to be included along Cottonwood Road and West Oak Street. Transit Service Streamline currently provides transit service to Belgrade, Bozeman, Four Corners, and Montana State University. This service is currently free for all passengers, which creates an incentive for transit ridership. Streamline does not currently offer any routes that provide service within the study area. Routes may be added in the future as service expands within the Gallatin County area. Conclusions & Recommendations Analysis of trip generation estimates, site circulation, and traffic operations reveal that the proposed Northwest Crossing development is projected to have limited impact on the area transportation system as currently proposed through the Bozeman Transportation Master Plan. If the below improvements are implemented as recommended, any impacts resulting from the proposed development should operate safely and efficiently. All traffic control improvements should be installed in accordance with City of Bozeman and the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices standards. Baxter Lane  Bozeman TMP Recommended Improvements:  Single travel lanes in both the eastbound and westbound directions;  Center two-way left-turn lane; and  Bicycle lanes plus boulevard sidewalks on both sides of the roadway.  These improvements are recommended to be installed prior to full build-out of the proposed Northwest Crossing development between Laurel Parkway and Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road; however, the roadway geometry is intended to accommodate significant background traffic growth in the area and is not directly attributable to traffic from the proposed Northwest Crossing development. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 23 Cottonwood Road  Bozeman TMP Recommended Improvements:  Two travel lanes in both the northbound and southbound directions;  Median or a two-way left-turn lane;  Bicycle lanes on both sides of the roadway;  A shared-use pathway on the east side of the roadway; and  Boulevard-style sidewalk on the west side of the roadway.  These improvements are recommended to be installed prior to full build-out of the proposed Northwest Crossing development between West Oak Street and Baxter Lane; however, the roadway geometry is intended to accommodate significant background traffic growth in the area and is not directly attributable to traffic from the proposed Northwest Crossing development. Laurel Parkway  Bozeman TMP Recommended Improvements:  Single travel lanes in both the northbound and southbound directions;  Center two-way left-turn lane; and  Bicycle lanes plus boulevard sidewalks on both sides of the roadway.  These improvements are recommended to be installed prior to full build-out of the proposed Northwest Crossing development between West Oak Street and Baxter Lane; however, the roadway geometry is intended to accommodate significant background traffic growth in the area and is not directly attributable to traffic from the proposed Northwest Crossing development. West Oak Street  The Bozeman TMP does not specify a recommend typical section for West Oak Street between Laurel Parkway and Cottonwood Road as was done for the other roadways included as a part of this study; however, the roadway is designated as a principal arterial as part of the Bozeman TMP.  This study evaluated West Oak Street as transitioning from a two lane roadway with a center, two-way left-turn lane at Laurel Parkway to a four lane roadway with a raised median at Cottonwood Road. The following improvements are recommended for the corridor to accommodate estimated 2040 traffic volumes:  West Oak Street – Laurel Parkway to Rosa Way: o Dedicate minimum necessary width to allow for future 120 foot principal arterial right-of-way with the Northwest Crossing development; o Total roadway width equal to 82 feet from top-back of curb to top-back of curb; o Eleven foot (11’) wide single travel lanes in both the eastbound and westbound directions separated by a 33 foot wide raised median with left turn lanes provided at appropriate intersections; o Five foot (5’) wide bicycle lanes on both sides of the roadway with eight foot (8’) wide emergency parking / snow storage lanes; o A 12.5 foot wide boulevard with a 10 foot wide shared-use path on the north side of the roadway; and o A 7.5 foot wide boulevard with a six foot (6’) wide sidewalk on the south side of the roadway. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 24  West Oak Street – Rosa Way to Cottonwood Road: o Dedicate minimum necessary width to allow for future 120 foot principal arterial right-of-way with the Northwest Crossing development; o Total roadway width equal to 82 feet from top-back of curb to top-back of curb; o Transition to and from single travel lanes in both the eastbound and westbound directions, allowing for an 11 and a 12 foot wide travel lane in each direction separated by 20 foot wide raised median / turning lane; o Seven foot (7’) wide emergency parking / bicycle lanes on both sides of the roadway; o A 12.5 foot wide boulevard with a 10 foot wide shared-use path on the north side of the roadway; and o A 7.5 foot wide boulevard with a six foot (6’) wide sidewalk on the south side of the roadway.  These improvements are recommended to be installed prior to full build-out of the proposed Northwest Crossing development between Laurel Parkway and Cottonwood Road; however, the roadway geometry is intended to accommodate background traffic growth in the area and is not directly attributable to traffic from the proposed Northwest Crossing development. Baxter Lane & Laurel Parkway  Single-lane roundabout control is recommended for the intersection of Baxter Lane and Laurel Parkway based on estimated 2040 background and total traffic volumes.  The intersection should be evaluated for the appropriate design vehicle per AASHTO standards with a recommended minimum of a WB-62 (Interstate Semitrailer). Baxter Lane & Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road  Roundabout control is recommended for the intersection of Baxter Lane and Cottonwood Road / Harper Puckett Road based on estimated 2040 background and total traffic volumes in accordance with the Bozeman Transportation Master Plan with the following geometry:  Dual entry lanes on the northbound and southbound approaches as per the Bozeman TMP – (1) left-through lane and (1) through-right lane;  Dual entry lanes on the eastbound approach – (1) left-through lane and (1) right turn bypass lane; and  Single entry lane on the westbound approach – (1) left-through-right lane.  The intersection should be evaluated for the appropriate design vehicle per AASHTO standards with a recommended minimum of a WB-62 (Interstate Semitrailer). West Oak Street & Laurel Parkway  Two-way stop control is recommended for the intersection of West Oak Street and Laurel Parkway based on estimated 2040 background and total traffic volumes with the following geometry:  Dual entry lanes on each approach – (1) left turn lane and (1) through-right lane and  Stop control installed on the northbound and southbound, Laurel Parkway approaches. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 25 West Oak Street & Cottonwood Road  Roundabout control is recommended for the intersection of West Oak Street and Cottonwood Road based on estimated 2040 background and total traffic volumes in accordance with the Bozeman Transportation Master Plan with the following geometry:  Dual entry lanes on each approach as per the Bozeman TMP – (1) left-through lane and (1) through-right lane;  The intersection should be evaluated for the appropriate design vehicle per AASHTO standards with a recommended minimum of a WB-62 (Interstate Semitrailer). Interior Roadways & Intersections  Each of the interior intersections is projected to function acceptably as uncontrolled based on the traffic projections included as a part of this study.  To limit the potential for impacts resulting from cut-through traffic between Baxter Lane and West Oak Street as well as Laurel Parkway and Cottonwood Road, the central intersection within Northwest Crossing (noted as Node 11 in Figure 5 on page 8) is recommended to be installed with mini roundabout control as a traffic calming measure. Mini roundabout control may be considered for the remaining primary, internal intersections as desired for additional traffic calming measures within the development.  Adequate sight distance in accordance with City of Bozeman standards, at a minimum, should be preserved at the interior intersections within the proposed Northwest Crossing development.  On-site roadways should be constructed to City of Bozeman standards, at a minimum.  All intersections and radius returns for asphalt and/or curb and gutter should be evaluated for the appropriate design vehicle per AASHTO standards. At a minimum, it is recommended that the largest fire vehicle utilized by the City of Bozeman or school bus (as necessary) be utilized as the basis for design. Pedestrian & Bicyclist Connectivity Sidewalk and/or trail improvements should be constructed to City of Bozeman standards, at a minimum. Transportation Planning Study Northwest Crossing | Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana 26 References 1. 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Retrieved in August 2019 from http://www.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=8a0308abed8846b6b533781e7a96eedd. 8. Morrison-Maierle. (June 2016). Bozeman Sports Park Traffic Impact Study. Bozeman, MT: Author. 9. Oregon Department of Transportation. (November 2018). Analysis Procedures Manual. Salem, OR: Author. 10. Robert Peccia & Associates. (January 21, 2016). Durston and Cottonwood Road Improvements Project. Bozeman, MT: City of Bozeman. 11. Robert Peccia & Associates. (2009). Greater Bozeman Area Transportation Plan (2007 Update). Bozeman, MT: City of Bozeman. 12. Robert Peccia & Associates and Alta Planning & Design. (April 25, 2017). Bozeman Transportation Master Plan. Bozeman, MT: City of Bozeman. 13. Sanderson Stewart. (February 24, 2016). Oak Street Improvements Project Pre-Design Report. Bozeman, MT: City of Bozeman. 14. Stover, Vergil G. and Frank K. Koepke. (2002). Transportation and Land Development, 2nd Edition. Washington, DC: Institute of Transportation Engineers. 15. Transportation Research Board. (2016). Highway Capacity Manual, 6th Edition: A Guide for Multimodal Mobility Analysis. Washington, DC: Author. 16. United States Department of Transportation – Federal Highway Administration. (May 2012). Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways, 2009 Edition with Revision Numbers 1 and 2. Washington DC: Author. 2880 TECHNOLOGY BOULEVARD WEST ● PO BOX 1113 ● BOZEMAN, MT 59771 PHONE: (406) 587-0721 ● FAX: (406) 922-6702 ● www.m-m.net