HomeMy WebLinkAbout23C Valley West Sub Ph 1 Addendum to Class III Cultural Resource Inventory Results Gallatin Co MT 2003 - Part 2 APPENDIX A:
Montana Cultural Resource Information Forms, Maps, and Photographs
For Site 24GA1588
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MONTANA CULTURAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM FORM
Form No. 1: Locational Information
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1.1 Smithsonian Number: 1.2 Field Designation: MM-VW-1 1.3 County: Gallatin
24GA1588
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1.4 Township/Range/Section: T2S,RSE, SWl/4SE1/4NE1/4 Section 9
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1.5 UTM Coordinates: Zone 12; 491672mE. 5058149mN.
1.6 Property Type/Types: Historic Shed and Corral-Loading Chute
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1.7 Recording status: X surface examination X photo X map tested
Comments and recommendations: further work not recommended
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1.8 Administrative/surface ownership: Private—Valley West L.L.C., Calistoga, California
(Forest/Region/District/Office)
1.9 Mineral Ownership:
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1.10 Project Name: Valley West Subdivision Phase 1
Project Number:
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1.11 General Narrative Description of Property: The site consists of a small frame shed(Feature
1)and a nearby corral and loading chute(Feature 2).The property is located in a hay field on the east
side of Baxter Creek within the Gallatin Valley. Baxter Creek flows north to the east fork of the
Gallatin River. Baxter Ditch runs north-south approximately'Amile east of the property. Adjacent
land is dominated by cultivated fields, mostly hay, with new subdivisions and other urban
construction activity essentially surrounding the site.
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1.12 Map Reference(Attach 8 1/2 x 11" USGS Photocopy): 7.5 'USGS Bozeman, Montana
Quadrangle
1.13 Vicinity of(city/town): Bozeman,Montana
1.14 Narrative of access: From Bozeman, Montana, take Huffine Lane (U.S. Route 191) west
to the Cottonwood Road intersection. Turn right(north)on Cottonwood Road and proceed for
approximately 1/2 mile to the intersection of West Babcock Street. Turn down a small, two track
access road to the left that crosses a section fence. The site is on the east side of Baxter Creek,
with a cultivated field surrounding it.
MONTANA CULTURAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM FORM
Form No.2: Environmental Setting
Site No. 24GA1588 (MM-VW-1)
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2.1 Geographic Setting: The site is located within the Gallatin Valley in southwest Montana.
The valley is dominated by flat terraces with shallow cut tributaries of the East Gallatin and
Gallatin Rivers. Baxter Creek, which may be a man-made drainage, flows just west of the site.
Hay fields and wheat fields dominate the surrounding landscape where subdivisions have not yet
invaded.
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2.2 Elevation: 4820' msl
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2.3 View/aspect(estimated direction and distance): Open in all directions
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2.4 Major River Drainage: East Gallatin River
2.5 Minor Drainage: Baxter Creek
2.6 Available water sources:
Name Distance Elevation Change Type
1. Baxter Creek 15 meters 4' perennial creek
2. Maynard-Border Ditch '/z mile 35' irrigation ditch
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2.7 Vegetation—regional: Valley grasslands with cottonwood trees
2.8 Vegetation—local: cultivated farmlands,thistle, grasses, dandelion
2.9 Sediments/Deposition: Silty loam of varying depth(0.5— 1.5 meters) over river and
Pleistocene gravels.
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2.10 Surface Visibility/season of survey: Poor to fair,from 0—25% surface visibility
because of vegetative cover; subsurface visibility was good because of the presence of numerous
recent road cuts.
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2.11 Other environmental factors pertaining to site:
MONTANA CULTURAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM FORM
Form No.3: Assessment,Recording and Management Documentation
Site No. 24GA1588 (MM-VW-1)
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3.1 Condition/integrity: Poor. The two features are in relatively poor condition. Feature 1
(shed) has no remaining windows or doors and is open to the elements. This feature could have
been moved to its current location. Feature 2,the corral and loading chute, is also in poor
condition. The post and rail fence is falling in several places and the loading chute has nearly
completely collapsed.
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3.2 Evaluation: Does this property meet National Register criteria for
eligibility? es X no
Evaluation Procedures/Justification:
Based on observations of construction materials used in site features, it is unlikely that the
site associates with the earliest era of farming and ranching undertaken by Enoch D. Ferguson.
While it is possible that the site features were constructed during ownership of the land by the
Ferguson family, it is equally possible the shed and loading chute-corral post-date Ferguson
ownership. Absence of any other historic features and absence of any other historic artifacts(with
the exception of two rusty car parts)indicates the site was not associated with a larger farmstead or
ranchstead.
Architecturally the features at this site do not meet requirements for significance under
Criterion C. Features are in poor condition and even in their original form,in good condition,would
not likely have met requirements for architectural significance. The site also fails to meet
requirements under Criteria A and D. The site is one of many local loading chutes and corrals
associated with the 200'Century livestock industry in Montana and the Gallatin Valley. It does not
appear to associate with a larger ranchstead and may have been used temporarily. The site has
limited information value and would not likely contribute further to our understanding of local or
regional history. If the site features dated to the time when the land was part of the early, Enoch
Ferguson farming and ranching effort, it could have been significant under Criterion B through
association with Ferguson. However,construction materials used in the features and presence of two
rusted car parts suggest the site likely dates to between 1920 and 1950,if not later. Therefore the site
is suggested as non-significant and ineligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.
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3.3 Possible impacts to site: The site is located on a proposed residential development(Valley
West Subdivision). The structures likely occur within a designated green space but because the
site features are collapsing,they may be razed or moved.
3.4 Recommendations: The site is suggested as non-significant and further investigation is not
recommended.
Form No.3 (continued) Site No. 24GA1588 (MM-VW-1)
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3.5 Site located by: C. Crofutt and J. Green Date: 9/17/02
3.6 Site recorded by: C. Crofutt and J. Green Date: 9/19/02
3.7 Site form update and revisions by: Date:
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3.8 Federal or State Permit No.:
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3.9 Publication(s)/Report(s)where site is described: Valley West Subdivision-Phase I,
Gallatin County, Montana Addendum to Cultural Resource Survey Results(Aaberg et al. 2002)
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3.10 Artifact Repository: None collected.
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3.11 Field notes/maps/photo repository: Aaberg Cultural Resource Consulting Service, 2909
East MacDonald Drive, Billings, Montana 59102
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3.12 Photo and accession numbers: Olympus Digital Camera; photo files P9190022.JPG,
P9190023.JPG, P9190024.JPG,P9190025.JPG, P9190026.JPG, P9190027.JPG, P9190028.JPG,
P9190029.JPG, P9190030.JPG, P9190031.JPG, P9190032.JPG, P9190033.JPG,P9190034.JPG
** * * *FOR OFFICE USE ONLY***************************
3.13 Management Data: Formal Determination of Eligibility:
undetermined date:
formally determined ineligible for NRHP date:
formal consensus determination,eligible for NRHP date:
Listed on NRHP date:
Updated Management Information: date:
MONTANA CULTURAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM FORM
Form No. 5: Description of Historic Sites
Site No. 24GA1588 (MM-VW-1)
5.1 Property boundaries and justification:
estimated-
measured- 260 meters N/S, 140 meters E/W (derived from map)
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5.2 Physical description of buildings/structures/features; dates of construction & major
alterations; contribution of buildings/structure to property significance:
Feature 1 is a small, single room,frame building constructed with 2 x 8 inch vertical studs
(milled lumber)that are covered with shiplap siding(no interior or sub-wall). The feature exhibits a
single pitch shed style roof that slopes west and the shed has a plank floor. The only doorway(no
door remaining)is on the south end of the north elevation. The east facade has three, side by side,
window portals with no trim and no glass remaining. The south and west elevations have no
windows or doors. The feature does not appear to be resting on a formal foundation although an
approximately 15"-diameter log,running north—south beneath the the middle of the building,may
have been an attempt to level the structure. Roof rafters are 2"x 4"s(true dimension)with fascia and
open soffit. Remnants of white paint are still present on the siding. Corrugated tin covers the roof.
The feature measures 14.2'north—south by 12.5'east—west.The west wall is Thigh and the east wall
is 9.3'high. The only items present in this shed were some old tires and it appears that the shed was
used for storage.
Feature 2 is a loading chute with associated pens or corrals. The corral is constructed of a
combination of 6"diameter posts and railroad ties with horizontal log poles/rails ranging from 4"to
5" in diameter. The gates are made from 2" x 8" milled boards that are hung with large, stamped
metal hinges. The horizontal rail poles are are fastened to posts with modern wire nails. The loading
chute is mostly collapsed as are portions of the corral fence. The chute was constructed of posts and
rails and had a sloping ramp with a board floor supported by railroad tie cross beams. The feature,
including loading chute and corral, measures approximately 60 meters north—south by 27 meters
east—west.
The dates of construction for this site have not been firmly established.
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5.3 Artifacts observed,collected: Two badly rusted pieces of an old automobile(fender and
body fragments)are present along Baxter Creek,just west of F-1. Make,model, and age of
vehicle the parts were associated with were not determined.
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5.4 Subsurface Testing Methods and Results: None conducted.
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5.5 Historical information and context(footnote sources): A chain of title search was carried
out at the Gallatin County Clerk and Recorder's Office. Results of that search show that the
property was patented by Enoch D. Ferguson in 1876. Upon his death the property was titled to
Form No. 5 (continued) Site No. 24GA1588 (MM-VW-1)
5.5 (continued)
his widow Nettie Ferguson who conveyed the property to her son Enoch D. Ferguson, Jr. and
Agnes Ferguson in 1927. In 1942 ownership was tranferred by Enoch D. Ferguson Jr. and Agnes
Ferguson to Veda Ferguson Purdy. The property stayed in the Ferguson family until 1961 when
Veda Ferguson Purdy sold a tract of land, which included the site area, to James and Jean Ray.
The Rays retained the property until 1971 when they sold it to J. Patrick McGloin. A month after
acquiring the property McGloin sold it to Frank P. Zoch, Jr. and he in turn sold the property to
Robert R. Shelton within a week. The Shelton family,who also purchased the Flying D and
Spanish Creek Ranches near Gallatin Gateway at about the same time, retained the property until
1978 when it was sold to Virgil and Phyllis Jahnke. The Jahnkes initiated development of this
land and surrounding lands and subsequent developers continued the process. Since 1978 the
Valley Subdivision,just east of Valley West, has grown substantially,particularly during the
1990s.
Construction materials used in the site features include milled lumber,milled posts,railroad
ties, corrugated metal roofing, and wire nails and spikes. All of these materials post-date 1900.
Some of the posts in the corral are not completely weathered and the bases of some appear to be
treated. The only other artifacts obsderved at the site were two badly rusted automobile parts(fender
fragment and body fragment) that were found along Baxter Creek just west of the site. The
fragmentary condition of the car parts prevented identification of the make,model and age although
generally they appear to associate with a vehicle that pre-dates 1950. It is not clear if these old car
parts associate with the site. Some physical evidence suggests that the shed was moved to the site.
The area encompassed by the corrals suggests that the site was a very small livestock enclosure and
that the associated loading chute was likely used only locally. The site was not likely a regional or
area livestock shipping center but was more likely used by a single family or ranch or perhaps by a
few neighbors.
The Shelton Ranches were among the largest cattle producers in Gallatin County and it is
possible that the corrals and loading chute date only to the early 1970s. The Spanish Creek and
Flying D Ranches encompassed lands that originally included a number of homesteads and
smaller ranches with numerous buildings. Athough it is possible that the shed at the site was
moved there from the Shelton Ranches—Flying D/Spanish Creek holdings, it is equally possible
that the corral and loading chute pre-date ownership by the Shelton. Droplap and shiplap siding
was very popular during the 1920s, 1930s, and early 1940s and these materials argue that the
shed pre-dates Shelton ownership. If the shed(Feature 1) was erected on site, and was not
moved to the property later,then it likely dates to the era of between 1920 and 1940 (unless used
or recycled construction materials were employed). The property was still owned by the
Ferguson family during this era although Enoch Ferguson had passed away.
Enoch D. Ferguson, one of the early settlers of Bozeman and the Gallatin Valley, was
issued a homestead patent for lands adjacent to Phase 1 in 1876 and apparently began his
ranching efforts in 1874. Ferguson is listed in Progressive Men of the State of Montana(Bowen
and Co. n.d.). That volume indicates that Ferguson was born in Tennessee in 1844, served in the
Form No. 5 (continued) Site No. 24GA1588 (MM-VW-1)
5.5 (continued)
Confederate Army (First Tennessee Cavalry) in 1861, was captured and released and returned to
"studies" in Tennessee. Eventually Ferguson moved to Indiana and studied for another year
before becoming a teacher. He left Indiana for Montana, via St. Louis, Missouri, in 1869 and
reached Fort Benton by steamer that same year. Ferguson then apparently traveled to the
Bozeman area and "took up a tract of land" about two miles west of Bozeman. He gradually
expanded his ranch and raised oats and hay and shorthorn cattle. His residence was in Bozeman,
not on the ranch land. In 1874 Ferguson and three others "located" the Rocky Ford coal mine and
the Trail Creek coal mine. Ferguson was active in the community and served as the Gallatin
County Assessor in 1877 and 1878. He was also a member of the Bozeman City Council in 1893
and was a school trustee for a number of years. Ferguson was also a member of the infamous
Yellowstone Expedition of 1874.
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5.6 Sources,files, people consulted: Gallatin County Clerk and Recorder's Office
Bates, Grace: 1994 Gallatin County Places and Things Present and Past(Second Edition).
Bowen, A.W. & Company: no date Progressive Men of the State of Montana. A.W. Bowen &
Company, Chicago.
Smith,Phyllis: 1996 A History ofBozeman and the Gallatin Valley. Twodot Helena,MT.
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