HomeMy WebLinkAbout14- WJA ltr to City 5 19 14WESTERN JUSTICE ASSOCIATES, PLLC
TRIAL LAWYERS FOR PEOPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT
303 W. MENDENHALL, SUITE 1 ♦ BOZEMAN, MT 59715
PH: 406.587.1900 # FAX: 406.587.1901
W W W. W ESTERNJ USTICELAW.COM
JORY C. RUGGIERO, ESQ. DOMENIC A. COSSI, ESQ.
May 16, 2014 r,(a VI
Greg Sullivan
Cin- Attorney
Ci::' 1:f l7E-'.1Zt: Yeln.:11
121 N. Rouse
Bozeman, MT 59715
Tracy Stone -Manning
Director
Montana Department of Environmental Quality
Lee Metcalf Building, 1520 E. Sixth Avenue
P.O. Box 200901
Relena, MT 59620-0901
BE. Bridger Subdivision, Phase III— Contamination from Landfill
Dear Mr. Sullivan and Ms. Stone -Manning:
This law firm represents the following property owners within Phase III of the
Bridger Creek Subdivision ("Phase III"):
William and Katharine Beebe Christina Bauer and Kurt Benson
Thomas and June Russell Erik and Diane Steckmest
Kathleen and Robert Vanuka. Tohia - —a1—Ti-
_ add Ce McClalgh_ry
Judy Slate Donald and Patsy Cherry
These landowners have suffered and continue to suffer injury as a result of the
acts and omissions of the City of Bozeman ("City") and the Montana Department of
Environmental Quality ("DEQ") in allowing a plume of contamination to impact our
clients' private property. Through their roles in facilitating the construction of Phase III
and their failure to address the contamination plume, DEQ and the City undermined and
have compromised our clients' ability to freely enjoy their private property.
Pursuant to M.C.A. § 2-9-301, we submit this letter in an effort'to provide notice
of our clients' claims and to request that DEQ and the City work with our clients to fairly
resolve their claims without resorting to expensive and burdensome litigation.
City of BozemamDEQ
May 16, 2014
Page 2
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
The Bozeman Sanitary Landfill ("Landfill") is located two miles north of
Bozeman on the southwest slope of the Bridger Mountain Range. When the Landfill
opened in 1969, it accepted solid waste from individuals, businesses, the City, County,
and other areas into a twenty-nine acre, unlined cell. Because the Landfill's original cell
was unlined, toxic chemicals almost immediately leaked from the cell and infiltrated the
surrounding groundwater. This toxic plume is composed of a cocktail of industrial
solvents and volatile organic compounds ("VOCs") that are extraordinarily poisonous to
people and the environment, these contaminants include tetrachloroethylene,
trichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and dichloromethane, among others.
By 1989, more than a decade before the platting of Phase III, the City was aware
that the Landfill was leaking this cocktail of toxic chemicals and it began monitoring the
surrounding groundwater. In fact, one of the City's monitoring wells was located on land
that would eventually be platted and developed as Phase III. The City monitored these
wells for years, noting consistent contamination by VOCs leaking from the Landfill.
This contamination included levels of the chemical solvents tetrachloroethylene,
trichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and dichloromethane, among others, that were above
the Environmental Protection Agency's ("EPA") Maximum Contaminant Level ("MCL")
standard.
In 1995, five years prior to platting of Phase III, DEQ gave the City two years to
assess and implement corrective measures to address the groundwater contamination.
Rather than take adequate and appropriate measures to protect the environment and the
health of nearby residents, the City negligently relied on a methane gas extraction and
flaring system to remove VOCs alongside the methane. Because the gas extraction and
flaring system was designed to remove gas, rather than leachate, it did little or nothing to
stop the flow of the toxic plume.
In 2000, the same year that Phase III was platted, DEQ conducted its own study
ana aere ineo. rnai me t jTy s gag e.,K— cut7^ qna _Ti?nng sysS em. !ag uiAgegmtP 10 the
task at hand and had not mitigated the flow of toxic chemicals into the groundwater
surrounding the Landfill. DEQ also noted that the geology of the land underlying the
Landfill significantly increased the chance of contamination by toxic leachate. DEQ
concluded that a toxic groundwater plume was migrating downhill towards the Bridger
Creek Subdivision and that many of the City's monitoring wells, including the one within
the soon to be platted Phase III, contained VOC levels above the EPA's MCL standard.
Notwithstanding DEQ's findings and its conclusion that a more comprehensive
mitigation strategy was appropriate, DEQ did not require the City to take more aggressive
actions to prevent continued contaminant migration from the landfill. In addition, neither
the City nor DEQ notified surrounding landowners of the danger posed by the migrating
toxic plume. The City and DEQ ignored the foreseeable danger to all those who live
directly atop of a dangerous chemical plume.
City ofBozeman/DEQ
May 16, 2014
Page 3
In 2000, despite the City's knowledge of the toxic plume migrating beneath the
Bridger Creek Subdivision, the City approved the plat for Phase III. In so doing, the City
made many concessions to the developer that undermined the health and welfare of those
who would reside within Phase III. Even though the City had originally called for a
much larger buffer between the Landfill and Phase III, and against the advice of its own
Sanitation Manager, it allowed the developer to push the development to within fifty feet
of the Landfill. Despite the presence of a monitoring well that had consistently showed
elevated levels of VOCs on what was slated to be a lot within Phase III, the City
petitioned DEQ for the right to close or move the well. DEQ allowed this development
without any regard for the health and safety of the families that would eventually reside
in Phase III.
With similar neglect of the dangers posed by the Landfill's toxic plume, the City
approved building permits and certificates of occupancy for individuals and families,
including our clients, who unknowingly built on poisoned land. Despite the City's
superior knowledge, it failed to withhold consent for the residences and failed to even
acknowledge to the residents that there was a problem.
In the summer of 2013, after decades of monitoring the flow of toxins from its
Landfill, the City alerted the residents of Phase III of the dangers to their health and that
of their families. 1 Because the residents' homes were unknowingly built above the toxic
plume migrating from the Landfill, their homes acted as catchments for the VOCs off -
gassing from the contaminated groundwater. The City performed testing in our clients'
home and at other locations throughout Phase III. The testing confirmed what the City
had known since at least 1989 - that the Landfill was releasing a toxic plume of chemicals
that migrates through the surrounding groundwater and poses a danger to people who
own property or reside in homes near the plume.
After its revelation of this situation, the City attempted to mitigate our clients'
injuries by installing gas -extraction systems in poisoned residences. And while the
installation of these systems has decreased the severity of the VOC's contamination
within some of our clients' homes, the City has not begim,to address the.,:mderlying cause
of their injuries. Nor has DEQ made good on its requirement that the City implement
corrective measures to protect the health of the environment and affected residents. This
continued neglect by the City and DEQ means the Landfill continues to leak a
combination of toxic chemicals into the surrounding groundwater that continues to flow
onto our clients' properties. Each day that the City and DEQ failed to stop the flow of
toxic chemicals onto our clients' property, our clients suffer a new injury.
I In direct contradiction to its demonstrated earlier knowledge, the City contended in a July 2,
2013 Memo to the residents of Phase III that it only recently discovered the toxic pollution
flowing out of the Landfill and onto their properties.
City of Bozeman/DEQ
May 16, 2014
Page 4
INJURIES CAUSED BY THE CITY AND DEQ' S CONDUCT
Both the City and DEQ acknowledge that the toxic chemicals flowing onto our
clients' properties are adverse to their health and that of their families, have caused and
likely will cause respiratory exposure, and can cause short and long-term sickness,
including cancer. Both the City and DEQ acknowledge that the flow of toxic chemicals
is harmful to the environment, including the surrounding groundwater.
In addition to posing a direct threat to the health and well-being of our clients, the
flow of toxic chemicals has permanently and dramatically reduced the value and
marketability of our clients' properties. Itis likely that our clients will be saddled with
their properties into the future, whether or not they are willing to risk their health, and
that of their families, by continuing to live in their residences.
The negligence and neglect of the City and DEQ has led to our clients' injuries
including, but not limited to:
a) Diminishment of property values, including permanent stigma devaluation;
b) Loss of peace of mind, inconvenience, trouble, vexation, anger, frustration,
and fear pertaining to the contamination of our clients' properties;
c) The cost to fully remediate and restore our clients' properties to their pre -
contaminated state;
d) The cost to monitor our clients' properties in order to detect and prevent
further damage from the toxic contamination;
e) The cost to monitor our clients' health and that of their family members to
detect and proactively treat latent disease arising from exposure to the
cocktail of toxic chemicals beneath their. homes.
LEGAL BASIS OF RELIEF
While our investigation is still underway, the injuries caused by the City and DEQ
are subject to legal redress under at least the following claims:
a) Trespass;
b) Negligence;
1) Failing to ensure that the Landfill was planned, designed, engineered,
constructed, installed, and monitored in such a way as to prevent toxic
City of BozemamDEQ
May 16, 2014
Page S
chemicals from escaping the Landfill and forming a toxic plume that
migrated onto private property;
2) Failing to properly mitigate the toxic chemicals that were escaping the
Landfill;
3) Continuing to operate the Landfill without proper mitigation
methods to prevent the escape of toxic chemicals over the next thirty
years;
4) Approving Phase III and platting it as if there were no danger from
the toxic plume flowing from the Landfill;
5) Failing to prevent the migration of toxic chemicals from the
Landfill despite the knowledge that residences were being
constructed in the path of the plume;
6) Approving our clients' building permits and certificates of occupancy
in spite of the knowledge that our clients' homes were being
constructed directly atop a plume of toxic chemicals flowing from the
Landfill;
7) Failing to warn residents and potential residents of the dangers posed
by the toxic plume migrating from the Landfill for approximately
thirty years; and
8) Failing to be forthright with the public regarding the City and DEQ's
knowledge of, and inadequate response to, the toxic plume migrating
from the Landfill.
c) Private Nuisance
d) Wrongful Occupation of Land
e) Negligent / Fraudulent Misrepresentation
f) Violation of the Montana Constitution
g) Wrongful Taking / Inverse Condemnation
CONCLUSION
Because the City and DEQ failed to properly design, engineer, construct, install,
and monitor the Landfill, the Landfill has and will continue to release a cocktail of toxic
City ofBozeman/DEQ
May 16, 2014
Page 6
chemicals into the surrounding groundwater. This chemical plume continues to migrate
onto our clients' properties and homes, undermining our clients' quality of life,
threatening their health, and destroying the value and marketability of their homes.
For the foregoing reasons, we respectfully request the City and DEQ work with
us, without need of a lawsuit, to fairly compensate our clients for their losses related to
the contamination emanating from the landfill.
Sincerely,
t -
Domenic A. Cossi
DAC/jat