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HomeMy WebLinkAboutPublic Notice for Environmental Quality Montana Department of Etma-1110 N!l1`/1l lENTA Ij�a QUAILITY Steve Bullock,Governor "� Tracy Stone-Manning, Director P. O.Box 200901 • Helena,MT 59620-0901 • (406)444-2544 • Website: www.deq.mt.gov October 17, 2014 Mayor Jeff Krauss City of Bozeman P.O. Box 1230 Bozeman, MT 59771 RE: Tentative Determination and Public Notice for Permit Number: MTR040000 Dear Mayor Jeff Krauss: Pursuant to the Administrative Rules of Montana 17.30.1372, the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) is issuing Public Notice MT-14-31 stating that a tentative determination has been made to reissue a Montana Pollution Discharge Elimination System general permit for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems. The draft permit has been prepared under the authority of the Montana Water Quality Act, Title 75, Chapter 5, Montana Code Annotated and Sections 402 and 303 of the federal Clean Water Act. A copy of the public notice, draft permit, and fact sheet is enclosed for your information. A copy of the public notice is being provided to other parties who have expressed interest in wastewater discharge permits issued by DEQ. The public comment period closes November 21, 2014. A public hearing will be held on November 21, 2014, during the public hearing for the draft permit DEQ will record public comment. The public hearing is scheduled to begin at 10:00 AM on November 21, 2014, in Room 111 of the Lee Metcalf Building located at 1520 E. 61h Avenue in Helena, Montana. During the public comment period, any interested person including the applicant may submit comments to DEQ on the draft permit. All persons, including the applicant, who believe any condition of a draft permit is inappropriate or in error, or that the tentative decision to issue the permit is incorrect must submit these concerns in writing to DEQ prior to close of the public comment period. DEQ must consider all comments in making a final decision to issue the permit and in preparing a final permit. Enforcement Division • Permitting&Compliance Division • Planning,Prevention&Assistance Division • Remediation Division If you have questions on the draft permit or the permitting process, please contact Paul Skubinna at (406) 444-3639 or Rainie DeVaney at (406) 444-6769. Sincerely, Jon Kenning, Chief Water Protection Bureau Permitting and Compliance Division File Enclosure: Draft Permit No.: MTR040000 Fact Sheet Public Notice /'� �/ Montana Department of j { Steve Bullock,Gorernor "�`�' NVIRONIKEWAL �1�/UA11TY TracANO y Stone-Manning.Director P.O.Pox 2ts0901 11cictus,MT 59620.0901 <406)444-2544 Wcbxiic; ++www.deq.znt.gOY PUBLIC NOTICE NO, MT-14-31 . October 17,2014 PURPOSE OF PUBLIC NOTICE The purpose of this notice is to state the Department's intention to issue a General Permit as described in this notice. This permit is issued by the Department under the authority of 75-5-402, Montana Code Annotated (MCA) and the Administrative Rules of Montana 17.30.1001 et seq., Montana Ground Water Pollution Control System (MGWPCS). The Water Protection Bureau has prepared a draft permit for the facility listed below. Copies of the draft permit, fact sheet, and environmental assessment are available upon request from the Water Protection Bureau or on the Department's website www.deq.mt.Roov_ APPLICANT INFORMATION APPLICANT: Multiple FACILITY NAME: Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System FACILITY LOCATION: Multiple RECEIVING WATER: Multiple PERMIT NUMBER: MTR040000 The Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) General Permit regulates the discharge of storm water from designated MS4s into state waters in accordance with Federal and State storm water discharge permitting requirements. To reduce the levels of pollutants in the discharge from MS4s and reduce the potential impairment of state water, permittees are required to develop, implement, and enforce a Storm Water Management Program (SWMP). The SWMP addresses six minimum control measures and implements various Best Management Practices (BMPs). On September 21, 2000, a U.S. District Judge issued an order stating that until all necessary total maximum daily loads under Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act are established for a particular water quality limited segment, the State is not to issue any new permits or increase permitted discharges under the MPDES program. The order was issued in the lawsuit Friends of the Wild Swan v. U.S. EPA, et al., CA 97-35-M-DWM, District of Montana, Missoula Division. The Montana Department of Environmental Quality finds that the Public Notice No: MT-14-31 October 17, 2014 Page 2 of 2 issuance of this proposed permit does not conflict with the order because the MS4 General Permit does not authorize a new or increased pollutant load and the facility seeking coverage under this General Permit are required under state and federal regulations through the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Discharge. PUBLIC COMMENT Public comments are invited ANYTIME PRIOR TO CLOSE OF BUSINESS November 21, 2014. Comments may be directed to the DEQ Permitting &Compliance Division, Water Protection Bureau, PO Box 200901, Helena, MT 59620. All comments received or postmarked PRIOR TO CLOSE OF BUSINESS November 21,2014 will be considered in the formulation of final. determinations to be imposed on the permit. If you wish to comment electronically, you may e-mail Barb Sharpe at BSh@Me@nit.gov. A public hearing will be held on the draft wastewater discharge permit, the statement of basis, environmental assessment, and the Department's tentative determination at begin at 10:00 AM on November 21, 2014, in Room 111 of the Lee Metcalf Building located at 1520 E. 6`h Avenue in Helena, Montana. The Department will respond to all substantive comments and issue a final decision within sixty days of this notice or as soon as possible thereafter. Additional information may be obtained upon request by calling (406) 444-3080 or by writing to the aforementioned address. The complete administrative record, including permit application and other pertinent information, is maintained at the Water Protection Bureau office in Helena and is available for review during business hours. PUBLIC NOTICE NO. MT-14-31 October 17,2014 GENERAL PERMIT FOR STORM WATER DISCHARGE ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL MUNICIPAL SEPARATE STORM SEWER SYSTEM (M54� PERMIT NUMBER MTR040000 MONTANA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AUTHORIZATION TO DISCHARGE UNDER THE MONTANA POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM In compliance with Section 75-5-101 et seq., Montana Code Annotated(MCA);Administrative Rules of Montana(ARM) 17.30.1101; 17.30.1301 et seq.; and ARM 17.30.601 et seq., applicants with an authorization letter issued under this General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Small Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) are perrnitted to discharge storm water resulting only from Small MS4s to state waters in accordance with effluent limitations, monitoring requirements, and other conditions set forth in Parts I, II, III, IV, V, and VI. This Permit shall become effective 90 days after issuance. This Permit and the authorization to discharge shall expire at midnight, December 31, 2016. FOR THE MONTANA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY DRAFT Jon Kenning, Chief Water Protection Bureau Permitting and Compliance Division Date: TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLEOF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. 2 APPLICABILITY......................................................................................................................... 4 PART I. EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS................................................................................... 5 PART II. STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM (SWMP)............................ 6 A. Requirements..................................................................................................................... 6 B. Minimum Control Measures............................................................................................ 8 1. Public Education and Outreach on Storm Water Impacts....................................... 8 2. Public Involvement/Participation................................................................................ 9 3. Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE)................................................ 10 4. Construction Site Storm Water Runoff Control...................................................... 12 5. Post-Construction Storm Water Management in New Development and Redevelopment.................................................................................................................... 14 6. Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations................... 17 C. Qualifying Local Program.................................................:........................................... 18 D. Sharing Responsibility.................................................................................................... 18 E. Reviewing and Updating Storm Water Management Programs............................... 19 1. Storm Water Management Program Review........................................................... 19 2. Storm Water Management Program Updates Required by the Department....... 19 3. Transfer of Ownership, Operational Authority, or Responsibility for Storm Water Management Program Implementation................................................................ 19 PART III. SPECIAL CONDITIONS..................................................................................21 A. Discharges to Water Quality Impaired Waters...........................................................21 1. Water Quality Controls for Discharges to Impaired Waterbodies........................ 21 2. Consistency with Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL)Allocations..................... 21 PART IV. MONITORING,RECORDING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS...22 A. Self-Monitoring Requirements......................................................................................22 1. Storm Water Discharge Monitoring ............................................................... ........ 22 2. Specific Monitoring Parameters................................................................................22 3. Monitoring Location.......................................................................................... ........23 4. Monitoring Frequency................................................................................................23 5. Sample Type................................................................................................................24 6. Evaluation of Storm Water Quality Monitoring Test Results................................ 24 B. Representative Sampling................................................................................................25 C. Monitoring Procedures...................................................................................................25 D. Penalties for Tampering.................................................................................................25 E. Reporting of Monitoring Results...................................................................................26 F. Additional Monitoring by the Permittee.......................................................................26 G. Monitoring Records........................................................................................................26 H. Retention of Records.......................................................................................................27 I. Annual Report.................................................................................................................27 J. Changes In Small MS4 Contact Person..........................................................................28 K. Records For Inspection.................................................................................................... 28 PART V. STANDARD MPDES PERMIT CONDITIONS ................................................. 28 A. Duty to Comply............................................................................................................... 28 B. Duty to Reapply............................................................................................................... 29 C. Need to Halt or Reduce Activity not a Defense............................................................ 29 D. Duty to Mitigate.............................................................................................................. 29 E. Proper Operation and Maintenance............................................................................. 29 F. Permit Actions............................................................................................. ..... 29 G. Property Rights...............................................................................................................29 H. Duty to Provide Information..........................................................................................29 I. Inspection and Entry......................................................................................................30 J. Monitoring and Records (See Part IV of the General Permit)................................... 30 K. Signatory and Certification Requirements...................................................................30 L. Planned Changes.............................................................................................................31 M. Anticipated Noncompliance...........................................................................................31 N. Permit Transfers.............................................................................................................32 O. Monitoring Reports -(See Part IV of the General Permit)........................................32 P. Compliance Schedules....................................................................................................32 Q. Twenty-Four Hour Reporting.......................................................................................32 R. Other Noncompliance......................................................................................................33 S. Other Information ................................................................................................. T. Bypass of Treatment Facilities.......................................................................................33 U. Upset.................................................................................................................................34 V. Penalties for Violations of Permit Conditions..............................................................34 W. Penalties for Falsification of Reports............................................................................34 X. Oil and Hazardous Substance Liability........................................................................34 Y. SeverabiIity......................................................................................................................35 Z. Reopener Provision.........................................................................................................35 AA. Fees...................................................................................................................................35 PARTVI. DEFINITIONS....................................................................................................36 Page 4 of 38 Permit No.:MTR04000o APPLICABILITY The Montana Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(MPDES)General Permit MTR040000 is a General Permit for storm water discharges associated with Small Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4s). Pursuant to 75-5-402, Montana Code Annotated(MCA) and requirements found in Administrative Rules of Montana(ARM), Title 17, Chapter 30, Subchapters 11, 12, and 13,the Department regulates storm water discharges from Small MS4s. To elaborate, ARM 17.30.1103(1)(d) requires MPDES permit coverage for Small MS4s that are identified in ARM 17.30.1102(23)or designated pursuant to ARM 17.30.1105. Regulated Small MS4s are required to apply for, and obtain, authorization for the discharge of storm water into state waters. This permit does not authorize,or supersede permitting requirements for, "storm water discharge associated with construction activity" as defined in ARM 17.30.1102(28), "storm water discharge associated with industrial activity" as defined in ARM 17.30.1102(29), "storm water discharge associated with mining and oil and gas activity" as defined in ARM 17.30.1102(30), or storm water discharges required or covered under another MPDES permit. Page 5 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 PART I. EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS Effective immediately upon issuance of an authorization under this General Permit and lasting through the General Permit's expiration date,the following conditions apply to all Small 1\4S4s covered under this General Permit. There must be no discharge of pollutants via storm water runoff to state waters except as provided for below. A. No discharge of storm water containing pollutants from process wastewater streams may occur under this General Permit. B. No discharge of storm water containing pollutants from Small MS4s covered under this General Permit may cause or contribute to a violation of water quality standards. C. Discharges of storm water containing pollutants associated with Small MS4s covered under this General Permit will be controlled through the development, implementation, and enforcement of a Storm Water Management Program (SWMP). Management practices defined within the SWMP must help eliminate or minimize the discharge of pollutants to state waters. D. For regulated Small MS4s which have been designated through ARM 17.30.1102(23) and had initial authorization under the preceding January 1,2005 to December 31, 2009 General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Small Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4),the permittee was required to develop, implement, and enforce a SWMP, as stated in Part II of that General Permit, no later than the December 31,2009 expiration date. This requirement is still valid and binding under this reissued January 1,2015 to December 31,2016 General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Small Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4). E. For any regulated Small MS4s which have been designated through ARM 17.30.1102(23) and have never been authorized,the permittee must develop, implement, and enforce a SWMP, as stated in Part II of the General Permit,no later than the expiration date of this permit. Page 6 of38 Permit No.: MTR0400oo PART II. STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM (SWMP) A. Requirements 1. Permittees shall develop, implement, and enforce a Storm Water Management Program (SWMP) designed to reduce the discharge of pollutants from the permitted Small MS4 to the maximum extent practicable(MEP),to protect water quality, and to satisfy the appropriate water quality requirements of the Montana Water Quality Act. Implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) consistent with the provisions of the SWMP and the requirements in this General Permit shall constitute compliance with the requirement of reducing pollutants to the MEP. The SWMP must include management practices, control techniques, systems, designs, good standard engineering practices, and such other provisions necessary for the control of such pollutants. Application for a new Small MS4 authorization (never been authorized)under the General Permit requires the following information for each of the six minimum control measures described in Part II.B.: a. The BMPs that the permittee or another entity will implement for each of the six storm water minimum control measures; b. The measurable goals for each of the BMPs including, as appropriate, the months and years in which the permittee will undertake required actions, including interim milestones and the frequency of the action; and c. The person or persons (or position(s)) responsible for implementing or coordinating the BMPs for the SWMP. Another type of Application Form is used for the "reapplication" (renewal of authorizations) under subsequent General Permits, and is slightly different than the original Application Form in that it does not typically include a resubmittal of the items in Parts II.A.1.a., b., and c. above. For"reapplications", the Application Form and instructions state required inclusions. Both the new application and reapplication forms are available at http://deq.mt.gov/wqinfo/MPDES/StormWater/ms4.mcpx. Permittees can refer to the Department website for a link to EPA's Menu of BMPs for use in the development and implementation of the SWMP. Additionally, permittees can refer to EPA's January 2007 "MS4 Program Evaluation Guidance" for typical compliance expectations for the SWMP. The Department encourages permittees to utilize the vast amount of guidance developed by the EPA and others around the country with respect to BMPs. In Montana, due to numerous factors (the amount of information available nationally and from EPA,the geographic variability, the climate variability, the geology and topography variability, a relatively low population, a relatively low amount of industrial activity, a relatively low amount of permitted MS4s and respective drainage areas, a relatively low amount of significant historical storm water-related pollution problems, a relatively low amount of Page 7 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 precipitation, and to promote flexibility for new technologies, new ideas, and local input) the Department does not utilize a customized Montana-specific storm water BMP manual at this time. Similarly,the Department has no list of approved BMPs specific to Montana at this time. Permittees can also look up information about various MPDES permits in their area, including Department-issued storm water construction, industrial, and mining permit authorizations by referencing the EPA "ECHO" website, which as of the issuance of this General Permit,may be found at http://www.epa- echo.gov/echo/compliance—report—water—icp.html Small MS4 permitting information, forms, and links may be accessed through the Department's internet homepage: http://www.deq.mt.gov 2. In addition to the requirements listed above,the permittee shall maintain documentation describing how and why each of the BMPs and measurable goals for the SWMP was selected. The information required for such documentation is given in Part II.B. for each minimum control measure. Page 8 of38 Permit No.: MTR0400oo B. Minimum Control Measures The six minimum control measures that must be included in the Storm Water Management Program are: 1. Public Education and Outreach on Storm Water Impacts a. The permittee shall implement a public education program to distribute educational materials to the community or conduct equivalent outreach activities about the impacts of storm water discharges on waterbodies and the steps that the public can take to reduce pollutants in storm water runoff. b. The permittee shall maintain documentation with respect to the development of a storm water public education and outreach program. This documentation must address both the overall public education program and the individual BMPs, measurable goals and responsible persons/positions for the program. This documentation must include the following information, at a minimum: i. Identify how the permittee plans to inform individuals and households about the steps they can take to reduce storm water pollution. ii. Identify how the permittee plans to inform individuals and groups on how to become involved with the SWMP (with activities such as local stream and beach restoration activities). iii. Identify the target audiences for the education program which are likely to have significant storm water impacts (including commercial, industrial, and institutional entities) and why those target audiences were selected. iv. Identify the target pollutant sources the public education program is designed to address. v. Identify the outreach strategy, including the mechanisms (e.g., printed brochures, newspapers,media,workshops, etc.)to be used to reach the target audiences, and how many people are expected to be reached by the outreach strategy over the General Permit term. vi. Identify who is responsible for overall management and implementation of the storm water public education and outreach program and, if different, who is responsible for each of the BMPs identified for this program. vii.Identify how the success of this minimum control measure will be evaluated, including how the measurable goals for each of the BMPs were selected. Page 9 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 2. Public Involvement/Participation a. The permittee shall at a minimum, comply with State, Tribal, and local public notice requirements when implementing a public involvement/participation program. b. The permittee shall maintain documentation with respect to the development of a storm water public involvement/participation program. This documentation must address both the overall public involvement/participation program and the individual BMPs, measurable goals, and responsible persons/positions for this program. This documentation must include the following information, at a minimum: i. Identify how the public was involved in the development and submittal of the permit application and the SWMP. ii. Identify plans to actively involve the public in the development and implementation of the SWMP. iii. Identify the target audiences for the public involvement program, including a description of the types of ethnic and economic groups engaged. The permittee is encouraged to actively involve all potentially affected stakeholder groups, including commercial and industrial businesses,trade associations, environmental groups, homeowners associations, and educational organizations, among others. iv. Identify the types of public involvement activities included in this program. Where appropriate, consider the following types of public involvement activities: (a) Citizen representatives on a storm water management panel; (b) Public hearings; (c) Working with citizen volunteers willing to educate others about the program; and (d) Volunteer monitoring or stream/beach clean-up activities. v. Identify who is responsible for the overall management and implementation of the storm water public involvement/participation program and, if different, who is responsible for each of the BMPs identified for this program. vi. Identify how the success of this minimum control measure will be evaluated, including how the measurable goals for each of the BMPs were selected. Page 10 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 3. Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE) a. The permittee shall: i. Develop, implement and enforce a program to detect and eliminate illicit discharges (as defined in ARM 17.30.1102(7)) into the permitted Small MS4; ii. Develop, and keep updated, a storm sewer system map, showing the location and number of all outfalls(as defined in ARM 17.30.1102(14) and Part VI. of this General Permit), and the names and location of all surface waters that receive discharges from those outfalls. Development of this map to accommodate the provisions of a complete IDDE program and the SWMP would typically include mapping storm sewer system components including inlets, open channels, subsurface conduits/pipes, dry wells(discharges to ground water directly), and other similar discrete conveyances. The permittee must provide a copy of the developed map(s) or any updates to the Department with the next annual report required under Part IV.I.; NOTE: To differentiate between the terms "municipal separate storm sewer" and "surface water", and only for the purposes of determining "outfall" locations with respect to Part H.B.3. of this General Permit, the Department provides the following clarification. If the ephemeral stream (drainage) has been used(altered, constructed, depended upon, maintained, etc.) to manage rainfall or snowmelt storm water runoff from any areas developed for any purpose, then consider it part of the "municipal separate storm sewer". Also, natural ephemeral streams which drain into the aforementioned storm water conveyances in the preceding sentence would also need to be considered part of the "municipal separate storm sewer". Other natural and unaltered ephemeral streams which do not drain from any areas developed for any purpose, and which drain directly into downgradient intermittent (has a ground water component) surface waters or into perennial surface waters would not be considered a part of the "municipal separate storm sewer". Of course, downgradient intermittent and perennial surface waters are not considered apart of the "municipal separate storm sewer"for the purposes of determining "outfall" locations. Consequently,formal "outfall" locations would then be where "municipal separate storm sewer" components discharge into downgradient perennial waterbodies, intermittent waterbodies, or natural and unaltered ephemeral streams which do not drain from any areas developed for any purpose. Another helpful consideration is that natural or manmade conveyance structures used solely for transporting storm water which originates within the designated MS4 are not "surface water". An outfall is the physical location where these conveyance structures discharge pollutants or storm water into surface water or where they leave the boundary of the designated MS4. Page I 1 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 iii. To the extent allowable under State, Tribal or local law, effectively prohibit, through ordinance, or other regulatory mechanism, non-storm water discharges (except those listed under Part II.B.3.a.vi. below) into the permitted storrn sewer system and implement appropriate enforcement procedures and actions; iv. Develop and implement a plan to detect and address non-storm water discharges, including illegal dumping, to the permitted system; v. Inform public employees, businesses, and the general public of hazards associated with illegal discharges and improper disposal of waste; and vi. Address the following categories of non-storm water discharges or flows (i.e., illicit discharges) only if the permittee identifies them as significant contributors of pollutants to the Small MS4: water line flushing, landscape irrigation, diverted stream flows, rising ground waters, uncontaminated ground water infiltration (as defined in ARM 17.30.1102(8)), uncontaminated pumped ground water, discharges from potable water sources, foundation drains, air conditioning condensation, irrigation water, springs, water from crawl space pumps, footing drains, lawn watering, individual residential car washing, flows from riparian habitats and wetlands, dechlorinated swimming pool discharges, and street wash water(discharges or flows from fire fighting activities are excluded from the effective prohibition against non-storm water and need only be addressed where they are identified as significant sources of pollutants to state waters). vii.The permittee may also develop a list of other similar occasional incidental non-storm water discharges (e.g. non-commercial or charity car washes, etc.) that will not be addressed as illicit discharges. These non-storm water discharges must not be reasonably expected (based on information available to the permittee)to be significant sources of pollutants to the Small MS4, because of either the nature of the discharges or conditions the permittee established for allowing these discharges to the Small MS4 (e.g., a charity car wash with appropriate controls on frequency, proximity to sensitive waterbodies, BMPs for the wash water, etc.). The permittee must document, as a part of the SWMP, any local controls or conditions placed on these discharges. The permittee must include a provision prohibiting any individual non-storm water discharge that is determined to be contributing significant amounts of pollutants to the Small MS4. b. The permittee shall maintain documentation with respect to the development of a storm water IDDE program. This documentation must address both the overall IDDE program and the individual BMPs, measurable goals, and responsible persons/positions for this program. This documentation must include the following information, at a minimum: i. Identify how a storm sewer map was developed. Describe the sources of information used for the maps, and how verifying the outfall locations and storm sewer system components with field surveys was performed. Also, describe how the map will be regularly updated. Page 12 of 38 Permit No.: MTR04O00o ii. Identify the mechanism (ordinance or other regulatory mechanism)used to effectively prohibit illicit discharges into the Small MS4 and why that mechanism was chosen. iii. Identify the appropriate enforcement procedures and actions which are used to ensure the illicit discharge ordinance(or other regulatory mechanism) is implemented. iv. Identify the plan to detect and address illicit discharges to the system, including discharges from illegal dumping and spills. This plan must include documented procedures for screening outfalls, including frequency. The plan must include dry weather field screening for non-storm water flows and field tests of selected chemical parameters as indicators of discharge sources. The plan must also address on-site sewage disposal systems that flow into the storm drainage system. The description must address the following, at a minimum: (a) Procedures for locating priority areas which include areas with higher likelihood of illicit connections (e.g., areas with older sanitary sewer lines, for example) and/or ambient sampling to locate impacted reaches. (b) Procedures for tracing the source of an illicit discharge, including the specific techniques the permittee will use to detect the location of the source. (c) Procedures for removing the source of the illicit discharge. (d) Procedures for program evaluation and assessment. v. Identify the plan to inform public employees, businesses, and the general public of hazards associated with illegal discharges and improper disposal of waste. Include in this description how this plan will coordinate with the public education minimum control measure and the pollution prevention/good housekeeping minimum control measure programs. This plan must identify measures to train pertinent municipal employees on the illicit discharge program. vi. Identify who is responsible for overall management and implementation of the storm water illicit discharge detection and elimination program and, if different, who is responsible for each of the BMPs identified for this program. vii.Identify how the success of this minimum control measure will be evaluated, including how the measurable goals for each of the BMPs were selected. 4. Construction Site Storm Water Runoff Control a. The permittee shall develop, implement, and enforce a program to reduce pollutants in any storm water runoff to the permitted Small MS4 from construction activities that result in a land disturbance of greater than or equal to one acre. Reduction of storm water discharges from construction activity disturbing less than one acre must Page 13 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 be included in the program if that construction activity is part of a larger common plan of development or sale that would disturb one acre or more. If the Department waives its permitting requirements for storm water discharges associated with construction activity that disturbs less than five acres of total land area in accordance with ARIM 17.30.1105(5), the Small MS4 permittee is not required to develop, implement, and/or enforce a program to reduce pollutant discharges from such sites. The program must include the development and implementation of, at a minimum: i. An ordinance or other regulatory mechanism to require erosion and sediment controls, as well as sanctions to ensure compliance,to the extent allowable under State, Tribal, or local law; ii. Requirements for construction site operators to implement appropriate erosion and sediment control BMPs; iii. Requirements for construction site operators to control waste such as discarded building materials,concrete truck washout, chemicals, litter, and sanitary waste at the construction site that may cause adverse impacts to water quality; iv. Procedures for the Small MS4 permittee to perform site plan review(i.e. the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan(SWPPP))for consistency with state and local requirements, and which incorporates consideration of potential water quality impacts including storm water pollution prevention through appropriate erosion, sediment, and waste control BMPs; v. Procedures for receipt and consideration of information submitted by the public; and vi. Procedures for the Small MS4 permittee to perform site inspection and enforcement, in part based upon the site plan in Part II.B.4.a.iv., of erosion, sediment, and waste control BMPs. b. The permittee shall maintain documentation with respect to the development of a construction site storm water control program. This documentation must address both the overall construction site storm water control program, and the individual BMPs, measurable goals, and responsible persons/positions for the program. This documentation must include the following information, at a minimum: i. Identify the mechanism(ordinance or other regulatory mechanism) which will be used to require erosion and sediment controls at construction sites and why this mechanism was chosen. ii. Identify the plan to ensure compliance with the erosion and sediment control regulatory mechanism, including the sanctions and enforcement mechanisms to be used to ensure compliance. Describe the procedures for when certain sanctions will be used. Possible sanctions include non-monetary penalties (such as stop work orders), fines, bonding requirements, and/or permit denials for non-compliance. Page 14 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 iii. Identify the requirements for construction site operators to implement appropriate erosion and sediment control BMPs and control waste at construction sites that may cause adverse impacts to water quality. Such waste includes, but is not limited to, discarded building materials, concrete truck washouts, chemicals, litter, and sanitary waste. iv. Identify the procedures for site plan review,including the review of pre-construction site plans, which incorporate considerations of potential water quality impacts and appropriate storm water pollution prevention BMPs. Describe procedures and the rationale for how certain sites for site plan review will be determined, if not all plans are to be reviewed. Describe the estimated number and percentage of sites which will have pre-construction site plans reviewed. v. Identify the procedures for receipt and consideration of information submitted by the public. Consider coordinating this requirement with the public education program. vi. Identify procedures for site inspection and enforcement of control measures, including how sites for inspection will be selected and prioritized. vii.Identify who is responsible for overall management and implementation of the construction site storm water control program and, if different, who is responsible for each of the BMPs identified for this program. viii. Identify how the success of this minimum control measure will be evaluated, including how the measurable goals for each of the BMPs were selected. ix. Identify measures to train pertinent municipal employees on the construction program 5. Post-Construction Storm Water Management in New Development and Redevelopment a. The permittee shall: i. Develop, implement, and enforce a program to address storm water runoff from new development and redevelopment projects that disturb greater than or equal to one acre, including projects less than one acre that are part of a larger common plan of development or sale,that discharge into the permitted Small MS4. This program must ensure that controls are in place that would prevent or minimize water quality impacts; ii. Develop and implement strategies which include a combination of structural and/or non-structural BMPs appropriate for the community; Page 15 of38 Permit No.: MTR040000 iii. Use an ordinance or other regulatory mechanism to address post-construction runoff from new development and redevelopment projects to the extent allowable under State, Tribal or local law; iv. Ensure adequate long-term operation and maintenance of BMPs; v. Develop and implement procedures for the Small MS4 permittee to perform site plan review which incorporates consideration of potential water quality impacts including appropriate post-construction BMPs; and, vi. Develop and implement procedures for the Small MS4 permittee to perform site inspection and enforcement of post-construction BMPs. vii.For new development or redevelopment projects greater than or equal to one acre,the program shall include a process, where such practices are practicable, to require the implementation of low impact development practices that infiltrate, evapotranspire, or capture for reuse the runoff generated from the first 0.5 inches of rainfall from a 24-hour storm preceded by 48 hours of no measurable precipitation. This process must be in place by January 1, 2012. b. The permittee shall maintain documentation with respect to the decision process used for the development of a post-construction storm water program. This documentation must address both the overall post-construction storm water program and the individual BMPs,measurable goals, and responsible persons/positions for the program. This documentation must include the following information, at a minimum: i. Identify how the program to address storm water runoff from new development and redevelopment projects was developed. Include in this description any specific priority areas for this program. ii. Identify how the program will be specifically tailored to the local community, to minimize water quality impacts, and to attempt to maintain pre-development runoff conditions and hydrology. This includes the process, where such practices are practicable, to implement low impact development practices that infiltrate, evapotranspire, or capture for reuse the runoff generated from the first 0.5 inches of rainfall from a 24-hour storm preceded by 48 hours of no measurable precipitation. iii. Identify any non-structural BMPs in the program, including, as appropriate: (a) Policies and ordinances that provide requirements and standards to direct growth to identified areas,protect sensitive areas such as wetlands and riparian areas, maintain and/or increase open space(including a dedicated funding source for open space acquisition), provide buffers along sensitive waterbodies, minimize impervious surfaces, and minimize disturbance of soils and vegetation; Page 16 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 (b) Policies or ordinances that encourage infill development in higher density urban areas,and areas with existing storm sewer infrastructure; (c) Education programs for developers and the public about project designs that minimize water quality impacts; and (d) Other measures such as minimization of the percentage of impervious area after development, use of measures to minimize directly-connected impervious areas, and source control measures often thought of as good housekeeping, preventive maintenance, and spill prevention. iv. Identify any structural BMPs in the program, including, as appropriate: (a) Storage practices such as wet ponds and extended-detention outlet structures; (b) Filtration practices such as grassed swales,bioretention cells, sand filters and filter strips; and (c) Infiltration practices such as infiltration basins and infiltration trenches. v. Identify the mechanisms (ordinance or other regulatory mechanisms)which will be used to address post-construction runoff from new developments and redevelopments and why that mechanism was chosen. If a mechanism needs to be developed, describe the plan and a schedule to do so. If the ordinance or regulatory mechanism is already developed, include a copy of the relevant sections with the program. vi. Identify how the long-term operation and maintenance (O&M) of the selected BMPs will be ensured. Options to help ensure that future O&M responsibilities are clearly identified include an agreement between the permittee and another party such as the post-development landowners or regional authorities. vii.Identify who is responsible for the overall management and implementation of the post-construction storm water program and, if different,who is responsible for each of the BMPs identified for this program. viii. Identify how the success of this minimum control measure will be evaluated, including how the measurable goals for each of the BMPs were selected. ix. Identify the procedures for site plan review of post-construction storm water management BMPs which incorporate considerations of potential water quality impacts. Describe procedures and the rationale for how certain sites for site plan review will be determined, if not all plans are to be reviewed. Describe the estimated number and percentage of site plan reviews to be performed. Page 17 of38 Permit No.: MTR040000 x. Identify procedures for site inspection and enforcement of post-construction storm water management BMPs, including how sites for inspection will be selected and prioritized. Inspections must include an evaluation of whether BMPs were built properly and are being maintained properly. 6. Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations a. The permittee shall: i. Develop and implement an operation and maintenance program which includes a training component, and has the ultimate goal of preventing or reducing pollutant runoff from municipal operations; and ii. Using training materials available from EPA,the State of Montana, the Tribe, or other organizations,the program must include employee training to prevent and reduce storm water pollution from activities such as park and open space maintenance, vehicle fleet and building maintenance, new construction and land disturbances, and storm water system maintenance. b. The permittee shall maintain documentation with respect to the decision process for the development of a pollution prevention/good housekeeping program for municipal operations. This documentation must address both the overall pollution prevention/good housekeeping program and the individual BMPs, measurable goals, and responsible persons/positions for the program. This documentation must include the following information, at a minimum: i. Identify the operation and maintenance program to prevent or reduce pollutant runoff from municipal operations. The program must specifically list the municipal operations which are impacted by this operation and maintenance program. The permittee shall also include a list of facilities or activities (excluding construction) which are owned or operated by the permittee that are subject to the Department's other MPDES storm water discharge permits, and which discharge into the permitted Small MS4. Include the Department's MPDES permit number for each facility or activity. ii. Identify the municipal government employee training program, including frequency, which will be used to prevent and reduce storm water pollution from activities such as park and open space maintenance, vehicle fleet and building maintenance, new construction and land disturbances, and storm water system maintenance. Describe any existing,available materials which are planned to be used. Describe how this training program will be coordinated with the outreach programs developed for the public information minimum control measure and the illicit discharge minimum control measure. iii. The program description must specifically address the following areas: (a) Maintenance activities, maintenance schedules, and long-term inspection procedures (including frequency) for controls to reduce floatables and other pollutants to the permitted Small MS4. Page 18 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 (b) Controls for reducing or eliminating the discharge of pollutants from streets, roads, highways,municipal parking lots,maintenance and storage yards, waste handling and disposal areas,vehicle fleet or maintenance shops with outdoor storage areas, salt/sand storage locations, and snow disposal areas operated by the permittee. (c) Procedures for the proper disposal of waste removed from the permitted Small MS4 through the permittee's municipal operations, including dredge spoil, accumulated sediments,floatables, catch basin cleaning, and other debris. (d) Procedures to ensure that new flood management projects are assessed for impacts on water quality and existing projects are assessed for incorporation of additional water quality protection devices or practices. iv. Identify who is responsible for overall management and implementation of the pollution prevention/good housekeeping program and, if different, who is responsible for each of the BMPs identified for this program. v. Identify how the success of this minimum control measure will be evaluated, including how the measurable goals for each of the BMPs were selected. C. Qualifying Local Program If the application indicates a Qualifying Local Program requires a Small MS4 to implement one or more of the six minimum control measures as stated in ARM 17.30.1111(9), and the permittee elects to do this in the application,then the permittee is directed to follow that qualifying program's requirements rather than the applicable minimum control measure requirements stated in Part II.B. D. Sharing Responsibility Implementation of one or more of the minimum control measures may be shared with another entity, or the entity may fully take over the measure. The permittee may rely on another entity only if: I. The other entity, in fact, implements the control measure; 2. The particular control measure, or component of that measure, is at least as stringent as the corresponding permit requirement. 3. The other entity agrees to implement the control measure on the permittee's behalf. Written acceptance of this obligation is required. This obligation must be maintained as part of the description of the permittee's SWMP. If the other entity agrees to report on the minimum control measure,the permittee must supply the other entity with the reporting requirements contained in this General Permit. If the other entity fails to Page 19 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 implement the control measure on the permittee's behalf,then the permittee remains liable for any discharges due to that failure to implement. E. Reviewing and Updating Storm Water Management Programs 1. Storm Water Management Program Review The permittee must do an annual review of their SWMP in conjunction with preparation of the annual report required under Part IV.1. 2. Storm Water Management Program Updates Required by the Department The Department may require changes to the SWMP as needed to: a. Address impacts on receiving water quality caused, or contributed to, by discharges from the Small MS4; b. Include more stringent requirements necessary to comply with new federal statutory or regulatory requirements; or c. Include such other conditions deemed necessary by the Department to comply with the goals and requirements of the Montana Water Quality Act. d. Changes requested by the Department must be made in writing, set forth the time schedule for the permittee to develop the changes, and offer the permittee the opportunity to propose alternative program changes to meet the objective of the requested modification. All changes required by the Department will be made in accordance with ARM 17.30.1365, ARM 17.30.1361, or as appropriate ARM 17.30.1362. 3. Transfer of Ownership, Operational Authority, or Responsibility for Storm Water Management Program Implementation The permittee must implement the SWMP on all new areas added to the permittee's portion of the Small MS4 (or for which the permittee becomes responsible for implementation of storm water quality controls) as expeditiously as practicable,but no later than one year from addition of the new areas. Implementation may be accomplished in a phased manner to allow additional time for controls that cannot be implemented immediately. a. Within 90 days of a transfer of ownership,operational authority, or responsibility for SWMP implementation,the permittee must have a plan for implementing the SWMP on all affected areas. The plan may include schedules for implementation. Page 20 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 Information on all new annexed areas and any resulting updates required to the SWMP must be included in the annual report. b. Only those portions of the SWMP specifically required as permit conditions shall be subject to the modification requirements of ARM 17.30.1365. Addition of components, controls, or requirements by the permittee and replacement of an ineffective or infeasible BMP implementing a required component of the SWMP with an alternate BMP expected to achieve the goals of the original BMP shall be considered minor changes to the SWMP and not modifications to the permit. Page 21 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 PART III. SPECIAL CONDITIONS A. Discharges to Water Quality Impaired Waters 1. Water Quality Controls for Discharges to Impaired Waterbodies The permittee's SWMP must include a section describing how the SWMP will control discharges of pollutants of concern and ensure storm water discharges will not cause or contribute to instream exceedances of water quality standards. This discussion must specifically identify measures and BMPs that will collectively control the discharges of pollutants of concern. Information on impaired waterbodies may be obtained from the Department or from the Montana DEQ website: http://cwaic.mt.gov/ 2. Consistency with Total Maximum Daily Load(TMDL) Allocations If a TMDL has been approved for any waterbody into which the permittee discharges storm water, and the TMDL considered and addressed MPDES-regulated storm water discharges,then the Department shall incorporate the Waste Load Allocation, as applicable, into the permittee's permit as required by 75-5-703, MCA. Page 22 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 PART IV. MONITORING, RECORDING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS A. Self-Monitoring Requirements Storm water monitoring requirements contained in this General Permit must initiate on the effective date of authorization issued under this General Permit, or as otherwise directed by the Department. The Department reserves the right to require additional storm water sampling,testing, and reporting on a case-by-case basis. Factors which may trigger additional monitoring requirements could include,but are not limited to: atypical discharges into the Small MS4; SWMP development, implementation, and enforcement effectiveness; storm water quality issues; potential contamination issues; historical issues; compliance issues;new requirements; or other water quality issues. 1. Storm Water Discharge Monitoring The cities of Billings, Bozeman,Butte, Great Falls,Helena, Kalispell, and Missoula are required to perform sampling, testing, and reporting of storm water discharges for their Small MS4s under this General Permit, or as otherwise required by the Department. These samples must be obtained within the city limits of each of the above cities, regardless of whether the cities are co-permitted with others such as the county. 2. Specific Monitoring Parameters For Small MS4 permittees stated in Part IV.A.L, the standard required monitoring parameters are listed in Table 1. Table 1. SmalI MS4 Monitoring Requirements Parameter Frequency Type Total Suspended Solids(TSS), mg/L Semiannual Grab or Composite Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD),mg/L Semiannual Grab or Composite Total Phosphorus,mg/L Semiannual Grab or Composite Total Nitrogen,mg/L Semiannual Grab or Composite pH, standard units Semiannual Instantaneous Copper,mg/L Semiannual Grab or Composite Lead, mg/L Semiannual Grab or Composite Zinc,mg/L Semiannual Grab or Composite Estimated Flow, gpm Semiannual Instantaneous oT— Oil and Grease ,mg/L Semiannual Grab (1) Detection limits are pursuant to levels defined in WQB-7. (2) Total recoverable methods to be used on all metals. (3) See Definitions in Part VI.of this General Permit. (4) Estimated flow rates are appropriate in cases where measurement gauges are not installed. (5) Hexanes extraction(EPA Method 1664A). Page 23 of 38 Permit No,: MTR040000 3. Monitoring Location a. For each half-year monitoring period,each of the identified Small MS4 permittees in Part IV.A.1. must sample at the following locations within the permitted geographic area: i. a discharge point which represents storm water runoff drainage areas from a relatively commercial and/or industrial area; and, ii. a discharge point which represents storm water runoff drainage areas from a relatively residential area. b. The formal names for the initially selected sampling locations must be consistently identified as "001 A" for the industrial/commercial location, and"002A" for the residential location. If a new sampling location is necessary to replace the initially selected location, then a new unused and unique identifying outfall name/number will be assigned by the Department. 4. Monitoring Frequency a. Except as stated in Part IV.A.4.b., sampling, testing, and reporting must be conducted at least semi-annually (two times per year) for each of the parameters listed in Table 1 above. One set of samples must be taken between January 1st and June 30`h of each permitted calendar year and the other set between July lst and December 3 l". Samples must not be collected from back-to-back storm events. b. All permittees required to monitor must be able to dependably collect samples during each six month monitoring period. In order to help ensure the consistent and routine accumulation of required monitoring information at identified outfalls, as well as obtaining grab samples within the first thirty minutes of the discharge,permittees are encouraged to use automatic samplers at the two required monitoring locations. The use of automatic samplers may be required by the Department due to non-compliance. c. To ensure consistent and complete sampling throughout the General Permit cycle: i. If a permittee is not able to dependably obtain a sample at the identified required sampling outfall during a six-month monitoring period due to a reported lack of storm water runoff,then a new sampling location must be obtained with dependable storm water runoff. ii If a permittee fails to obtain the required sample or reports "No Discharge" on the Discharge Monitoring Report form at a particular outfall for two consecutive six- month monitoring periods or for three total six-month monitoring periods during the General Permit cycle,then the permittee must obtain a new monitoring location outfall prior to the next regularly scheduled sampling period. This new outfall monitoring location will be identified by the permittee with a new unique and previously unused outfall name/number which will be assigned by the Department. The new outfall monitoring location must be indicated on updated SWMP Page 24 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 documentation. The Department must be provided with a copy of the outfall location and respective drainage area on an updated MS4 map. iii. If a permittee fails to obtain the required sample or reports "No Discharge" on the Discharge Monitoring Report form at a particular outfali for any six-month monitoring period and for any reason during the General Permit cycle,then the permittee must collect a substitute sample during the subsequent six-month monitoring period in addition to their regularly scheduled sample. The substitute sample must be collected from a different storm event from the regularly scheduled sample. In making up the missed sampling event, all pertinent sampling, monitoring,reporting, and recordkeeping requirements shall still apply. For the purposes of meeting this permit requirement,a"different storm event"means rainfall events separated by at least 48 hours of no measurable precipitation. d. For new authorizations issued under this General Permit, the first required monitoring period must be the first complete Discharge Monitoring Report (see Part IV.E.)period following the date the authorization was issued. 5. Sample Type For all discharges, sampling data must typically be obtained by collecting a grab sample. The grab sample must be taken during the first thirty minutes of the discharge. If a grab sample is not taken within the first thirty minutes of the discharge,the permittee shall maintain with the monitoring records required in Part IV.G. of this General Permit a written description of why the collection of a grab sample was impracticable during the first thirty minutes. A composite sample may be required by the Department on a case-by-case basis. If required,composite samples shall either be flow-weighted or time-weighted. 6. Evaluation of Storm Water Quality Monitoring Test Results Upon the completion of each sampling event,and upon receipt of the sampling test results by the permittee,the permittee shall evaluate each parameter test result by: a. comparison with the pertinent median concentration in Table 2 below; b. comparing the pH value to the desired range of 6 to 9 standard units; and c. comparing the Oil& Grease concentration with the receiving water standard of 10 mg/L. If there is an exceedance of the median concentration,the acceptable pH range, or the oil & grease standard value,the permittee shall evaluate the source and reason for this,and consider additional BMPs and/or other management measures which may need to be initiated to improve the quality of storm water discharges. These measures must be implemented as necessary and updated in the SWMP as required in Part II.E. A summary of the evaluation of storm water quality data, including the results of the above Page 25 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 comparisons,and additional BMPs and/or other measures which may be necessary must be submitted in addition to the annual report form required to be submitted to the Department in Part IV.I. Table 2. Median Concentrations Median Parameter, units Concentration Total Suspended Solids,mg/L 125 Chemical Oxygen Demand, mg/L 80 Total Phosphorus,mg/L 0.41 Total Nitrogen,mg/L 2.00 Total opper,mg/L 0.040 Total Lead,mg/L 0.165 Total Zinc,mg/L 0.210 Source: EPA Environmental Impacts of Stormwater Discharges:A National Profile,published June 1992(Nationwide Urban Runoff Program(NURP)) B. Representative Sampling Samples and measurements taken for the purpose of monitoring under Part IV.must be representative of the volume and nature of the monitored discharge. A sample location must be selected such that it is a representative location for the storm water runoff drainage area within the Small MS4. Samples of the storm water discharge must be obtained prior to the storm water discharge mixing with water from the receiving intermittent or perennial waterbody. C. Monitoring Procedures Monitoring must be conducted according to test procedures approved under Part 136,Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations,unless other test procedures have been specified in this General Permit. D. Penalties for Tampering The Montana Water Quality Act provides that any person who falsifies,tampers with,or knowingly renders inaccurate, any monitoring device or method required to be maintained under this permit shall,upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than$25,000, or by imprisonment for not more than six months, or both. Page 26 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 E. Reporting of Monitoring Results 1. Discharge monitoring results must be recorded on Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) forms provided by the Department. The permittee shall complete and submit to the Department a DMR form for each point source outfall requiring monitoring. If sampling was not completed for any reason, it must be noted on the DMR form. 2. Results of the self-monitoring must be reported semiannually on the DMR form to the Department, postmarked no later than the 28th day of the month following the half-year reporting period; the due date of one semiannual report is July 28th and the due date of the other semiannual report is January 28th. DMR forms must be submitted to the following address: Montana Department of Environmental Quality Water Protection Bureau P.O.Box 200901 Helena, Montana 59620-0901 Phone: (406)444-3080 All reports,notifications,and inquiries regarding the conditions of this General Perrnit must be submitted to the Department at the above address, and must comply with the signatory requirements stated in Part V.K.2. F. Additional Monitoring by the Permittee If the permittee monitors any pollutant more frequently than required by this General Permit, using approved analytical methods as specified in this General Permit,the results of this monitoring must be included in the reporting of the data submitted in the DMR. Such increased frequency must also be indicated. G. Monitoring Records The following information must be recorded and maintained at the office of the contact person/position for all storm water discharges which are sampled: l. Date, exact place, and time of sampling; 2. Estimated duration(in hours) of the storm event(s) sampled; 3. Total rainfall measurements or estimates (in inches) of the storm event which generated the sampled runoff; 4. Name(s) of the individuals which performed the sampling or measurements; and 5. Analytical laboratory test result data and reports for storm water samples, and/or records, which minimally indicate: i. The date(s) analyses were performed; Page 27 of 38 Permit No.: MTR04Oo0o ii. The time analyses were initiated; iii. The initials or name(s) of individual(s)who performed the analyses; iv. References and written procedures, when available, for the analytical techniques or methods used; and v. The results of such analyses, including the bench sheets, instrument readouts, computer disks or tapes, etc. used to determine these results. 6. If not in compliance with Part IV.A.5. of the General Permit, a written description of why the collection of a sample was impracticable during the first thirty minutes. H. Retention of Records The permittee shall retain records of all monitoring information, including all calibration and maintenance records and all original strip chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, copies of all reports required by this General Permit, and records of all data used to complete the application for this General Permit, for a period of at least three years from the date of sample, measurement, report, or application. This period may be extended by request of the Department at any time. I. Annual Report 1. The permittee (or co-permittee if co-permitted under one permit authorization number) shall prepare and submit an annual report to the Department for each calendar year within the General Permit term. 2. The permittee shall submit the original signed copy of the annual report form and required attachments to the Department by March I"of each year for the preceding calendar year. 3. Each co-permittee shall submit an annual report form pertaining to their respective permitted Small MS4(s) unless formal written shared responsibilities allow another entity to complete the annual report form obligations. 4. The standard EPA annual report form, or if available, a Department-customized version of the standard EPA annual report form, must be used by all permittees or co-permittees in the completion of annual reports. No retyped,reformatted, or customized versions of the form may be developed and used, only the hard-copy or electronic versions provided by the Department. 5. If additional information is requested on or with a Department-customized version of the standard EPA annual report form, then the permittee must submit this additional information at the same time as the form. If an electronic EPA or DEQ form submittal is Page 28 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 used, then the required additional information must be submitted separately but at the same time as the form. 6. For those permittees required to perform storm water sampling and analytical testing, the summary of the evaluation of storm water quality data and additional BMPs and/or other measures which may be necessary,as required in Part IV.A.6. of the General Permit, must be attached to the annual report form. 7. If the permittee or co-permittee has made any updates, changes, or improvements to their Storm Water Management Program during the prior calendar year,then an attachment to the annual report must identify these. 8. Full-size hard-copies of storm sewer system maps, including updates,must be submitted to the Department with the annual report form if the map(s)was developed or modified during the calendar year for which the annual report pertains. 9. The completion of this annual report must initiate for the calendar year in which authorization under the General Permit was issued. 10. The annual report must comply with the signatory and certification requirements stated in Parts V.K.2. and V.K.4. J. Changes In Small MS4 Contact Person The Application Form identifies a formal Small MS4 Contact Person for each permittee or co-permittee. Should the Small MS4 Contact Person person/position,mailing address, email address, or telephone number identified on the Application Form change,the permittee or co-permittee must notify the Department in writing of this change within 15 calendar days of the change. This written notification must specifically reference that there is a"change of the Small MS4 Contact Person", specifically identify the permit authorization number, and specifically identify the formal "Small MS4 Name" as identified on the Application Form. The written notification letter for a change in the Small MS4 Contact Person must be signed by a person meeting the requirements of Part V.K.I.c. K. Records For Inspection A copy of the General Permit,permit authorization letter, required SWMP documents, annual reports, Discharge Monitoring Reports (if required), and other pertinent records required by the General Permit shall be maintained by the Small MS4 Contact Person for their respective Small MS4, and shall be made available to Department inspectors upon request for all permittees and co-permittees. PART V. STANDARD MPDES PERMIT CONDITIONS A. Duty to Comply Page 29 of 38 Permit No.: MTR0400oo The permittee shall comply with all conditions of this permit. Any permit noncompliance constitutes a violation of the Act and is grounds for enforcement action; for permit termination, revocation and reissuance, or modification; or denial of a permit renewal application. The permittee shall give the Department advance notice of any planned changes at the permitted facility or of an activity, which may result in permit noncompliance. B. Duty to Reapply If the permittee wishes to continue an activity regulated by this permit after the expiration date of this permit,the permittee shall first apply for and obtain a new permit. The Application Form and fee must be submitted at least 30 days before the expiration date of this permit. The Department reserves the authority to administratively extend permit coverage in the event the General Permit is no longer effective, if the permittee has reapplied for permit coverage. C. Need to Halt or Reduce Activity not a Defense It may not be a defense for a permittee in an enforcement action that it would have been necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the conditions of this permit. D. Duty to Mitigate The permittee shall take all reasonable steps to minimize or prevent any discharge in violation of this permit which has a reasonable likelihood of adversely affecting human health or the environment. E. Proper Operation and Maintenance The permittee shall at all times properly operate and maintain all facilities and systems of treatment and control(and related appurtenances)which are installed or used by the permittee to achieve compliance with the conditions of this permit. Proper operation and maintenance also includes adequate laboratory controls and appropriate quality assurance procedures. F. Permit Actions This permit may be modified,revoked and reissued,or terminated for cause. The filing of a request by the permittee for a pen-nit modification,revocation and reissuance, or termination, or a notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance, does not stay any pennit condition. G. Property Rights This permit does not convey any property rights of any sort,or any exclusive privilege. H. Duty to Provide Information The permittee shall furnish to the Department, within a reasonable time, any information which the Department may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying,revoking and reissuing, or terminating this permit or to determine compliance with this permit. The Page 30 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 permittee shall also furnish to the Department upon request, copies of records required to be kept by this permit. I. Inspection and Entry The permittee shall allow the Department, or an authorized representative, upon the presentation of credentials and other documents as may be required by law,to: 1. Enter upon the permittee's premises where a regulated facility or activity is Iocated or conducted,or where records must be kept under the conditions of this permit; 2. Have access to and copy, at reasonable times,any records that must be kept under the conditions of this permit; 3. Inspect at reasonable times any facilities, equipment(including monitoring and control equipment),practices,or operations regulated or required under this permit;and, 4. Sample or monitor at reasonable times,for the purposes of assuring permit compliance or as otherwise authorized by the Act, any substances or parameters at any location. J. Monitoring and Records (See Part IV of the General Permit) K. Signatory and Certification Requirements All applications,reports, or information submitted to the Department must be signed and certified. 1. All permit applications shall be signed as follows: a. For a corporation, by a responsible corporate officer. A responsible corporate officer means: i. a president, secretary,treasurer, or vice-president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy- or decision-making functions for the corporation; or ii. the manager of one or more manufacturing,production,or operating facilities employing more than 250 persons or having gross annual sales or expenditures exceeding$25 million(in second-quarter 1980 dollars),if authority to sign documents has been assigned or delegated to the manager in accordance with corporate procedures. b. For a partnership or sole proprietorship,by a general partner or the proprietor, respectively; or c. For a municipality, state, federal, or other public agency,by either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. A principal executive officer of a federal agency includes: Page 31 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 i. the chief executive officer of the agency;or ii. a senior executive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency. 2. All reports required by permits, other information requested by the Department,must be signed by a person described in Part V.K.1. or by a duly authorized representative of that person. A person is a duly authorized representative only if: a. the authorization is made in writing by a person described in Part V.K.L; b. the authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall operation of the regulated facility or activity such as the position of plant manager, operator of a well or a well field,superintendent,position of equivalent responsibility,or an individual or position having overall responsibility for environmental matters for the company(a duly authorized representative may thus be either a named individual or any individual occupying a named position); and, c. the written authorization is submitted to the Department. 3. Changes to authorization. If an authorization under Part V.K.2. is no longer accurate because a different individual or position has responsibility for the overall operation of the facility,a new authorization satisfying the requirements of Part V.K.2. must be submitted to the Department prior to or together with any reports,information,or applications to be signed by an authorized representative. 4. Certification. Any person signing a document under Part V.K.1.or 2. shall make the following certification: "I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system,or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information,the information submitted is,to the best of my knowledge and belief,true, accurate,and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations." L. Planned Changes The permittee shall give notice to the Department as soon as possible of any planned physical alterations or additions to the permitted facility. Notice is required only when the alteration or addition could significantly change the nature or increase the quantity of pollutant discharged. This notification applies to pollutants which are not subject to effluent limitations in the permit. M. Anticipated Noncompliance The permittee shall give advance notice to the Department of any planned changes in the permitted facility or activity which may result in noncompliance with permit requirements. Page 32 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 N. Permit Transfers This permit is not transferable to a new permittee. A new owner or operator of a facility must apply according to the standard application procedures 30 days prior to taking responsibility for the facility. O. Monitoring Reports-(See Part IV of the General Permit) P. Compliance Schedules Reports of compliance or noncompliance with, or any progress reports on, interim and final requirements contained in any compliance schedule of this permit must be submitted no later than 14 days following each schedule date. Q. Twenty-Four Hour Reporting 1. The permittee shall report any noncompliance which may endanger health or the environment. Any information must be provided orally within 24 hours from the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. This oral report must be made to the Water Protection Bureau at(406) 444-3080. 2. A written submission must also be provided within 5 days of the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. The written submission must contain a description of the noncompliance and its cause; the period of noncompliance, including exact dates and times, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected, the anticipated time it is expected to continue; and steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent reoccurrence of the noncompliance. 3. The following must be included as information which must be reported within 24 hours: a. any unanticipated bypass which exceeds any effluent limitation in the permit; b. any upset which exceeds any effluent limitation in the permit; c. violation of a maximum daily discharge limitation for any of the pollutants listed by the Department in the permit to be reported within 24 hours; and 4. The Department may waive the written report on a case-by-case basis if the oral report has been received within 24 hours by the Water Protection Bureau. 5. Reports shall be submitted to the address in Part IV.E.,Reporting of Monitoring Results. Page 33 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 R. Other Noncompliance The permittee shall report all instances of noncompliance not reported under Part IV. or Parts V.L., P.,or Q. at the time monitoring reports are submitted. The reports must contain the information listed Part V.Q. above. S. Other Information When the permittee becomes aware that it failed to submit any relevant facts in a permit application,or submitted incorrect information in a permit application or in any report to the Department, it shall promptly submit such facts or information. T. Bypass of Treatment Facilities 1. Bypass not exceeding limitations. The permittee may allow any bypass to occur which does not cause effluent limitations to be exceeded,but only if it also is for essential maintenance to assure efficient operation. These bypasses are not subject to the provisions of paragraphs 2. and 3. below. 2. Notice: a. Anticipated bypass. If the permittee knows in advance of the need for a bypass, it shall submit prior notice to the Department, if possible at least 10 days before the date of the bypass. b. Unanticipated bypass. The permittee shall submit notice of an unanticipated bypass as required under Part V.Q. (Twenty-Four Hour Reporting). 3. Prohibition of bypass. a. Bypass is prohibited and the Department may take enforcement action against a permittee for a bypass,unless: i. Bypass was unavoidable to prevent loss of life,personal injury,or severe property damage; ii. There were no feasible alternatives to the bypass,such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities,retention of untreated wastes, or maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime. This condition is not satisfied if adequate backup equipment should have been installed in the exercise of reasonable engineering judgment to prevent a bypass which occurred during normal periods of equipment downtime or preventive maintenance; and, iii. The permittee submitted notices as required under Part V.T.2. above. 4. The Department may approve an anticipated bypass, after considering its adverse effects, if the Department determines that it will meet the three conditions listed above in Part V.T.3.i. Page 34 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 U. Upset 1. An upset constitutes an affirmative defense to an action brought for noncompliance with such technology-based permit effluent limitations if the requirements of Part V.U.2. below are met. No determination made during administrative review of claims that noncompliance was caused by upset,and before an action for noncompliance, is final administrative action subject to judicial review. 2. A permittee who wishes to establish the affirmative defense of upset shall demonstrate, through properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs, or other relevant evidence that: a. an upset occurred and that the permittee can identify the cause(s) of the upset; b. the permitted facility was at the time being properly operated; c. the permittee submitted notice of the upset as required in Part V.Q.3.b. (24-hour notice); and d. the permittee complied with any remedial measures required under Part V.D. 3. In any enforcement proceeding the permittee seeking to establish the occurrence of an upset has the burden of proof. V. Penalties for Violations of Permit Conditions The Montana Water Quality Act provides that any person who violates a permit condition of the Act is subject to a civil penalty not to exceed$25,000 per day or one year in prison, or both, for the first conviction, and$50,000 per day of violation or by imprisonment for not more than two years,or both,for subsequent convictions. Except as provided in permit conditions on Part II1.G. (Bypass of Treatment Facilities),nothing in this permit shall be construed to relieve the permittee of the civil or criminal penalties for noncompliance. W. Penalties for Falsification of Reports The Montana Water Quality Act provides that any person who knowingly makes any false statement,representation, or certification in any record or other document submitted or required to be maintained under this permit,including monitoring reports or reports of compliance or noncompliance shall,upon conviction be punished by a fine of not more than$25,000 per violation, or by imprisonment for not more than six months per violation, or both. X. Oil and Hazardous Substance Liability Nothing in this permit shall be construed to preclude the institution of any legal action or relieve the permittee from any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties to which the permittee is or may be subject under Section 311 of the Clean Water Act. Page 35 or38 Permit No.: MTR0400oo Y. Severability The provisions of this permit are severable, and if any provision of this pen-nit, or the application of any provision of this permit to any circumstance,is held invalid,the application of such provision to other circumstances,and the remainder of this permit, shall not be affected thereby. Z. Reopener Provision This permit may be reopened and modified(following proper administrative procedures) to include the appropriate effluent limitations(and compliance schedule, if necessary),or other appropriate requirements if one or more of the following events occurs: 1. Water Quality Standards The water quality standards of the receiving water(s)to which the permittee discharges are modified in such a manner as to require different effluent limits than contained in this permit. 2. Waste Load Allocation A Waste Load Allocation is developed and approved by the Department and/or EPA for incorporation in this permit. 3. Water Quality Management Plan A revision to the current water quality management plan is approved and adopted which calls for different effluent limitations than contained in this permit. AA.Fees The permittee is required to submit payment of an annual fee as set forth in ARM 17.30.201. If the permittee fails to pay the annual fee within 90 days after the due date for the payment,the Department may: 1. Impose an additional assessment consisting of 20%of the fee plus interest on the required fee computed at the rate established under 15-1-216(4),MCA,or 2. Suspend the processing of the application for a permit or authorization or, if the nonpayment involves an annual permit fee, suspend the permit, certificate or authorization for which the fee is required. The Department may lift suspension at any time up to one year after the suspension occurs if the holder has paid all outstanding fees, including all penalties, assessments and interest imposed under this sub-section. Suspensions are limited to one year, after which the permit will be terminated. Page 36 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 PART VI. DEFINITIONS 1. The "Act" means the Federal Clean Water Act. 2. "Best Management Practices" ("BMPs")means schedule of activities,prohibition of practices, maintenance procedures, and other management practices to prevent or reduce the pollution of state waters. BMPs also include treatment requirements, operating procedures,and practices to control plant site runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage. 3. "Control measure" as used in this General Permit,means any Best Management Practice or other method used to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to state waters. 4. The "Department" means the Montana Department of Environmental Quality. 5. "Flow-weighted composite sample" means a composite sample consisting of a mixture of aliquots collected at a constant time interval,where the volume of each aliquot is proportional to the flow rate of the discharge. 6. "Grab Sample" for monitoring requirements, is defined as a single "dip and take" sample collected at a representative point in the discharge stream. 7. "Hazardous substance" means any substance designated under 40 CFR Part 116 pursuant to section 311 of the federal Clean Water Act. 8. "Illicit Connection" means any man-made conveyance connecting an illicit discharge directly to a municipal separate storm sewer. 9. "Illicit discharge" means any discharge to a municipal separate storm sewer that is not composed entirely of storm water except discharges pursuant to an MPDES permit (other than the MPDES permit for discharges from the municipal separate storm sewer) and discharges resulting from fire fighting activities. 10. "MEP" is an acronym for "Maximum Extent Practicable",the technology-based discharge standard for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems to reduce pollutants in storm water discharges that was established by the Clean Water Act, Section 402(p). A discussion of MEP as it applies to Small MS4s is found in ARM 17.30.1111(5). 11. "MS4" means a municipal separate storm sewer system. 12. "Municipal separate storm sewer" means a conveyance or system of conveyances (including roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs,gutters, ditches, man-made channels, or storm drains) that discharges to surface waters and is: (a) owned or operated by the state of Montana, a governmental subdivision of the state, a district, association, or other public body created by or pursuant to Montana law, Page 37 of 38 Permit No.: MTR040000 including special districts such as sewer districts, flood control districts, drainage districts and similar entities, and designated and approved management agencies under section 208 of the federal Clean Water Act, which has jurisdiction over disposal of sewage, industrial wastes, storm water, or other wastes, and is: (i) designed or used for collecting or conveying storm water; (ii) not a combined sewer; and (iii) not part of a publicly owned treatment works (POTW) as defined in ARM Title 17, chapter 30, subchapter 13. 13. "Outfall" means a point source, as defined in Part VI.15. of this General Permit, at the point where a municipal separate storm sewer discharges to surface waters. The term does not include open conveyances connecting two municipal separate storm sewers, or pipes,tunnels or other conveyances that connect segments of the same stream or other surface waters and that are used to convey surface waters. 14. "Owner or operator" means a person who owns, leases, operates, controls, or supervises a point source. 15. "Point Source" means any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel,tunnel, conduit,well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation,landfill leachate collection system, vessel or other floating craft, from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This term does not include return flows from irrigated agriculture or agricultural storm water runoff. 16. "Process wastewater" means any water which, during manufacturing or processing, comes into direct contact with or results from the production or use of any raw material, intermediate product, finished product, byproduct,or waste product. 17. "Small municipal separate storm sewer system" means: (a) small MS4s, and portions of them,that are located in the following urbanized areas in Montana as determined by the latest decennial census by the United States census bureau: (i) the city of Billings and Yellowstone County; (ii) the city of Missoula and Missoula County; and (iii) the city of Great Falls and Cascade County; (b) the following small MS4s serving a population of at least 10,000 as determined by the latest decennial census by the United States census bureau and that are located outside of an urbanized area: Page 38 of38 Permit No.: MTR040000 (i) MS4s located in the city of Bozeman; (ii) MS4s located in the city of Butte; (iii) MS4s located in the city of Helena; and (iv) MS4s located in the city of Kalispell; (c) MS4s designated by the department pursuant to 17.30.1107; and (d) systems similar to separate storm sewer systems in municipalities, such as systems at military bases, large educational,hospital or prison complexes, and highways and other thoroughfares. The term does not include separate storm sewers in very discrete areas, such as individual buildings. 18. "Small MS4" means a small municipal separate storm sewer system. 19. "State waters" is defined at 75-5-103, MCA 20. "Storm Water" means storm water runoff, snow melt runoff, and surface runoff and drainage. 21. "Storm Water Management Program" or "SWMP" means a comprehensive program to manage the quality of storm water discharged from the Small municipal separate storm sewer system. 22. "Surface waters" means any waters on the earth's surface including, but not limited to, streams,lakes, ponds, and reservoirs, and irrigation and drainage systems discharging directly into a stream, lake,pond, reservoir, or other surface water. Water bodies used solely for treating, transporting, or impounding pollutants shall not be considered surface water. 23. "Time-weighted composite sample" means a composite sample consisting of a mixture of equal volume aliquots collected at a constant time interval. 24. "Total Maximum Daily Load" or "TMDL" is defined at 75-5-103, MCA 25. "Waste Load Allocation" or "WLA" means the portion of a receiving water's loading capacity that is allocated to one of its existing or future point sources. Fact Sheet Montana Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (MPDES) General Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with Small Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4s) PERMITTEES: Various Public Entities MPDES Permit Number: MTR040000 I. Status of Permit MPDES permit MTR040000 is a reissued General Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with Small Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems(MS4s)for a two-year permit cycle. MPDES permitting of these discharges is required to be implemented nationally through the federal Environmental Protection Agency(EPA),or delegated states and tribes, as Part of EPA's Storm Water Phase II requirements. Complete EPA Phase I and II requirements have been incorporated into the Administrative Rules of Montana(ARM),Title 17,Chapter 30, Subchapters 11, 12, and 13. These rules became effective on February 14,2003. Existing permittees or co-permittees will be required to submit completed applications in accordance with the reissued General Permit. In accordance with ARM 17.30.1341(4) and the Montana Environmental Policy Act(MEPA)the Department will issue an authorization or notify the applicant that the source does not qualify for authorization under the General Permit within 30 days of receipt of a completed application. Stakeholder Collaborative Process To support the General Permit reissuance process,the Department engaged stakeholders early and continuously in the process,acknowledging that meaningful stakeholder outreach and involvement will improve stakeholder support and,ultimately,help to improve compliance with new permit requirements.To foster collaboration and communication,the Department planned and facilitated semi-annual MS4 Task Force meetings providing MS4 stakeholders with a forum to discuss General Permit compliance issues and other topics related to the General Permit. On April 9,2014,the Department hosted an initial stakeholder meeting for Small MS4 Storm Water Management Plan(SWMP)to discuss the MS4 general permit renewal process.To maximize participation,this meeting was held in conjunction with the Montana Storm Water Conference.Approximately 25 MS4 stakeholders participated.This meeting focused on establishing a vision for the future General Permit by discussing challenges associated with the 2010 permit and revisions considered for the renewal 2015 General Permit. Prior to the meeting,participants received copies of the presentations,including a review of the current MS4 program and other documents with recommendations for potential future revisions to the MS4 permit requirements. During the initial stakeholder meeting,participants engaged in a facilitated discussion on the permit considerations to provide the Department with input for developing the new General Permit. On May 22,2014,the Department provided participants with a detailed written summary of MS4 stakeholder input during this meeting. Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 2 On May 22,2014,the Department provided MS4 stakeholders with a document called the permit crosswalk. The crosswalk document described potential changes to the General Permit requirements based on April 9,2014 meeting and other inputs.To aid the Department in developing potential changes in the permit requirements 15 MS4 SWMP stakeholders participated in a conference call with the Department on June 24,2014. In addition,three permittees—the cities of Helena,Billings,and Kalispell—provided written comments to the Department. On July 14,2014,the Department distributed a preliminary concept draft permit and fact sheet for the MS4 stakeholders to review. Also on July 14, 2014,the Department facilitated a second conference call with Small MS4s and other stakeholders to introduce the concept draft permit and fact sheet. To solicit feedback on the concept draft permit package,the Department hosted a stakeholder meeting on August 6,2014. Between May 22,2014 and August 22,2014,and including the meeting held on August 6, 2014, the Department received 33 sets of substantive comments expressing concerns on the permit crosswalk document and the concept draft permit and requested the Department delay permit renewal. On August 15,2014,the seven municipalities requested the Department reissue the 2010 permit with no changes and formation of a working group to discuss changes to the permit and develop state-wide MS4 implementation guidance.In response to the August 15d'letter requesting reissuance,the Department has tentatively determined to reissue the 2010 permit for an abbreviated two-year permit cycle postponing the issuance of an five-year permit with updated permit requirements.During the abbreviated two-year permit,the Department will work with MS4 stakeholders to develop state-wide implementation guidance materials,an updated permit, and discuss waters of the state. II. Description of Discharge and Discharging Facilities This General Permit is applicable to the discharge of storm water associated with Small MS4s within the boundaries of the State of Montana,including those on state, federal,or private lands. An"MS4" is defined in ARM 17.30.1102(13)and a"Small MS4" is defined in ARM 17.30.1102(23). Briefly,an MS4 is typically a conveyance or system of conveyances owned or operated by a state,city,town, or other public entity that discharges to state waters,and is designed or used for collecting or conveying storm water and is not part of a publicly-owned sanitary sewer system. The EPA Phase II rules expanded the scope of storm water permitting to include the Small MS4s,which include all MS4s that are not already designated and regulated as a Medium(at least 100,000 people) or Large(at least 250,000 people) MS4 under EPA's Phase I requirements. The EPA Phase II rules do not require that all MS4s serving populations of less than 100,000 be regulated. Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 3 For"urbanized areas" as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau(data/maps indicating areas that have a population over 50,000 and an average population density of 1,000 people per square mile), Small MS4s within this area require MPDES permit coverage. Within Montana, these urbanized areas include the City of Billings,portions of Yellowstone County outside the City of Billings,the City of Missoula, portions of Missoula County outside the City of Missoula, the City of Great Falls, and portions of Cascade County located outside the City of Great Falls (including Malmstrom AFB). EPA Phase II rules require these jurisdictions to obtain MPDES permit coverage for Small MS4s within the mapped"urbanized area". For areas with a population below 50,000, EPA Phase II rules requires States to establish designation criteria for use in designating which Small MS4s must develop Storm Water Management Programs,and the federal rules provide suggested criteria for that purpose. Also, the federal requirements state designation criteria must be developed to "evaluate whether a storm water discharge results in or has the potential to result in exceedances of water quality standards,including impairment of designated uses,or other significant water quality impacts, including habitat and biological impacts". Based on federal requirements, these designation criteria must be,at least initially, applied to cities with a population of at least 10,000. Using this federal designation criteria rationale,the Department has determined that municipalities in Montana with a population of 10,000 and greater have the potential to affect water quality as stated above. Consequently, and in addition to the three urbanized areas stated above, municipalities designated for Small MS4 permitting are the City of Helena,the City of Butte, the City of Bozeman, and the City of Kalispell. This was accomplished through the "Small Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System" definition in ARM 17.30.1102(23)which lists Small MS4s in the aforementioned cities and surrounding areas. This rule definition also includes other potential designated areas from ARM 17.30.1107, and includes municipal systems at military bases, large educational,hospital or prison complexes, and highways and other thoroughfares. Consequently, Malmstrom AFB, University of Montana- Missoula,Montana State University-Bozeman, and Montana Department of Transportation roadways within the above areas require Small MS4 General Permit coverage. ARM 17.30.1111,and consequently the General Permit, contains a provision to credit and allow the continued use of Qualifying Local Programs (QLPs)if they show that they already have a storm water control program that meets the minimum requirements set out in the EPA Phase II rules. At this time,there are no QLPs in Montana. ARM 17.30.1107 also contains designation criteria and procedures for designation of Small MS4s in addition to those stated above. These designation criteria would typically be applied on an as needed basis to Small MS4s not regulated,essentially those in municipalities with a population under 10,000 people. Criteria to be used in this designation are based on federal requirements, and are very similar to federal designation criteria. Criteria include discharge(s) to listed impaired waterbodies on the most recent 303(d) list,high growth or growth potential, high population density, contiguity to an urbanized area, and significant contribution of pollutants to surface waters. A Small MS4 may also be designated if it is interconnected with a regulated Small MS4. These procedures are necessary to allow the Department to address municipal storm sewer pollution problems in special circumstances. Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 4 ARM 17.30.1107 also contains procedures for designation of Small MS4s in response to petitions, and for changing a determination if circumstances change or if new information becomes available. This procedure is necessary to allow the Department to respond to changing circumstances or new information. Based on federal requirements, ARM 17.30.1107 also contains two sets of procedures for waiving Small MS4 permit coverage within "urbanized areas" for jurisdictions with a population under 1,000, and 10,000, if certain conditions are met. These waivers provide an off-ramp for relatively Small MS4s that are located within the"urbanized area". Pursuant to section 75-5-605(2)MCA of the Montana Water Quality Act(MWQA),the discharge of wastes to state waters without a current permit authorization from the Department is prohibited. Consequently, issuance of this General Permit will regulate the discharge of potential pollutants in storm water runoff from all designated Small MS4s through an authorization to discharge under the General Permit. Characteristic effluent discharge from Small MS4s has been determined to pose a potential threat to receiving state waters. National studies performed over the past thirty years have indicated urban storm water runoff from residential, commercial,and light industrial areas carried higher than normal annual loadings of total suspended solids(TSS),chemical oxygen demand(COD), total lead,total copper,other metals, oil&grease,nutrients, other organic chemicals/compounds, and microorganisms (including fecal coliform). Pollutant concentrations may vary considerably with respect to events and location. Additionally, substantial technical and storm water quality data justifying EPA's Storm Water Phase II permitting requirements for Small MS4s may be found in another EPA document entitled Storm Water Discharges Potentially Addressed by Phase II of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Storm Water Program—Report to Congress,published March 1995. Data pertaining to "Oil and Grease" concentrations in storm water runoff has also been presented in the aforementioned EPA literature. Results are broken down into 31 different industrial sectors, many of which could typically be found within an urban area. The average median Oil&Grease concentration for these 31 industrial sectors is 1.07 mg/L. However,this concentration does not include other potentially significant sources of Oil & Grease within these urban areas, such as that from vehicles. III. Coverage Pursuant to 75-5-402, MCA and requirements found in ARM, Title 17, Chapter 30, Subchapters 11, 12, and 13, the Department regulates storm water discharges from Small MS4s. ARM 17.30.1105(1)(d) requires MPDES permit coverage for Small MS4s that are identified in ARM 17.30.1102(23) or designated pursuant to ARM 17.30.1107. Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 5 IV. Exclusions The Department may deny an application for discharge under General Permit M'1R040000 under the provisions of ARM 17.30.1341(4)(a), which include the following. A. The specific source applying for authorization under the General Permit appears unable to comply with: 1. Effluent limitations or other terms and conditions of the permit, 2. Water quality standards established pursuant to 75-5-301, MCA, and ARM 17.30.635, 3. Prohibition of any discharges to which the regional administrator has objected to in writing. B. The storm water discharge is different in degree or nature from discharges reasonably expected from sources or activities within the category described in this MPDES General Permit. C. The MPDES permit or authorization for the same operation has previously been denied or revoked. D. The discharge sought to be authorized under a MPDES general permit is also included within an application or is subject to review under the Major Facility Siting Act, 75-20- 101, et seq.,MCA. E. The point source is,or will be, located in an area of unique ecological or recreational significance. Such determination must be based upon considerations of Montana stream classifications adopted under 75-5-301,MCA, impacts on fishery resources, local conditions at proposed discharge sites, and designations of wilderness areas under 16 USC 1132 or of wild and scenic rivers under 16 USC 1274. V. Receiving Waters and Applicable Standards Small MS4s regulated by this General Permit cover discharge of storm water to state waters,as defined in 75-5-103, MCA. "State waters"means a body of water, irrigation system, or drainage system, either surface or underground. The term"state waters"does not apply to: ponds or lagoons used solely for treating, transporting, or impounding pollutants; or, irrigation waters or land application disposal waters when the waters are used up within the irrigation or land application disposal system and the waters are not returned to state waters. New or increased sources(ARM 17.30.702(18)),must comply with Montana's Nondegradation Policy [75-5-303 MCA], and rules(ARM 17.30.701 et. seq.). Based on 75-5-306 MCA, the Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 6 Department has determined that issuance of a discharge permit to an existing source does not require review under Montana's Nondegradation Policy. VI. Proposed Effluent Limitations and Conditions Section 402 of the Montana Water Quality Act(MWQA)authorizes the Department to regulate the discharges of sewage, industrial and other wastes into state waters. Pursuant to ARM 17.30.1201,the Department is required to establish effluent limitations,treatment standards, and other requirements for point sources discharging wastes to state waters. The discharge of sewage or industrial wastes is prohibited in the General Permit. ARM 17.30.1111(5)requires the Small MS4 to develop, implement, and enforce a Storm Water Management Program (SWMP) designed to reduce the discharge of pollutants from the Small MS4 to the maximum extent practicable(MEP), to protect water quality, and to satisfy the appropriate water quality requirements of the federal Clean Water Act. The SWMP must include six minimum control measures(see Part C below). Also, in ARM 17.30.1111(5)(a) it states, in part,"For purposes of this rule,narrative effluent limitations requiring implementation of BMPs(Best Management Practices)are the most appropriate form of effluent limitations when designed to satisfy technology requirements (including reductions of pollutants to the maximum extent practicable)and to protect water quality. Implementation of BMPs consistent with the provisions of the SWMP required pursuant to this rule and the provisions of the permit shall constitute compliance with the standard of reducing pollutants to the maximum extent practicable". In developing conditions in the first two five-year General Permit cycles,particularly those with respect to the SWMP in Part II of the General Permit,the Department used the March 28, 2002 Model Small MS4 General Permit provided by the EPA as guidance. This abbreviated two year permit General Permit is again primarily relying upon the 2002 EPA Model Small MS4 General Permit. The retention performance standard of 0.5 inches of rainfall is based, in part, on the EPA Montana Rainfall Analysis in Attachment A. This represents the 90t'percentile rainfall frequency event. For an explanation of this and further information in providing justification for incorporating post-construction"low impact development" or"green infrastructure"storm water management requirements through a performance standard, refer to the 2009 EPA Publication No.: 841-B-09-001 entitled Technical Guidance on Implementing the Stormwater Runoff Requirements for Federal Projects under Section 438 of the Energy Independence and Security Act. Also,for further supporting information,refer to the 2008 EPA Publication No.: 833-R-08-001 entitled Managing Stormwater In Your Community-A Guide for Building an Effective Post-Construction Program, Center for Watershed Protection. At this time,until EPA develops and distributes an updated Model Small MS4 General Permit or their proposed MS4 Permit Improvement Guide,and/or until the Department formally incorporates Waste Load Allocations (based upon Total Maximum Daily Loads for listed impaired receiving surface waters based on Section 303(d)of the Clean Water Act),the Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 7 Department has elected to utilize the same prior EPA model permit for much of this reissued General Permit. This will help ensure continuity of the permittee's existing efforts and developed/implemented requirements in their SWMP. The Department will be using the EPA Menu of BMPs that addresses measurable goals for each minimum control measure. Furthermore, the Department encourages permittees to utilize good standard engineering practices and the guidance developed by the EPA and others with respect to BMPs. Due to many factors such the following,the Department does not utilize a customized Montana-specific storm water BMP manual at this time. : • The amount of information available nationally and from EPA, • The geographic variability, • The climate variability, • The geology and topography variability, • A relatively low density population, • A relatively low amount of industrial activity, • A relatively low amount of permitted MS4s and respective drainage areas, • A relatively low amount of significant historical storm water-related pollution problems, • A relatively low amount of precipitation, and • To promote flexibility for new technologies,new ideas, and local input. Similarly,the Department has no list of approved BMPs specific to Montana at this time. A. Technology-Based Effluent Limits As stated in the MWQA it is not necessary that wastes be treated to conditions purer that the receiving waters as long as minimum treatment requirements have been set[75-5-306 MCA]. In the absence of these limits, and due to the requirements of ARM 17.30.1110(5), the Department has concluded that reasonable land, soil, and water conversation practices to protect state waters will be achieved through the development,implementation, and enforcement of a SWMP. This SWMP will address the six minimum control measures, including BMPs and measurable goals for each minimum control measure (discussed in Part C below). Again, the Department will be using the EPA Menu of BMPs that addresses measurable goals for each minimum control measure. B. Water Quality-Based Effluent Limits The MQWA requires that permits issued pursuant to Title 17, Chapter 30, Subchapter 13 comply with the Montana surface water quality standards, (Subchapter 6). Based on Montana surface water quality standards, the degree of waste treatment required will be to: "prevent increases above naturally occurring concentrations of sediment,or suspended sediment, settleable solids, oils, or floating solids, or which are likely to create a nuisance or render the waters harmful, detrimental, or injurious to public health, recreation, safety, welfare, livestock, wild animals, birds, fish, or other wildlife" (ARM Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 8 17.30.621 through 629). ARM 17.30.637 requires that no wastes may be discharged which violates any water quality standard. As substantiated by ARM 17.30.1111(5), it is the Department's position that Montana's surface water quality standards can be maintained for discharges from municipalities (Small MS4s) through water quality-based controls, implemented with BMPs through an iterative process. The General Permit requires a SWMP to be developed, implemented, and enforced such that certain minimum control measures are addressed including measurable goals. Through this effort, BMPs will help to eliminate or minimize the migration of pollutants to surface waters (ARM 17.30.637(7)). In addition,permittees will be prohibited from discharging non-storm water (i.e. process wastewater) under the General Permit,with the exception of allowed non-storm water discharges as provided for in ARM 17.30.1111(6)(c)(iii). This exception to the non- storm water discharge prohibition requires the permittee to address the following categories of non-storm water discharges or flows only if it identifies them as a significant contributor of pollutants to the Small MS4: water line flushing, landscape irrigation, diverted stream flows, rising ground waters, uncontaminated ground water infiltration(as defined in ARM 17.30.1102(8)), uncontaminated pumped ground water, discharges from potable water sources, foundation drains, air conditioning condensation, irrigation water, springs, water from crawl space pumps, footing drains, lawn watering, individual residential car washing, flows from riparian habitats and wetlands, dechlorinated swimming pool discharges, street wash water, and discharges or flows from fire fighting activities. C. Special Conditions Conditions pertaining to the Small MS4 General Permit will be based on existing regulations in ARM Title 17, Chapter 30, Subchapters 11 and 13. Most conditions unique to this particular General Permit originate from ARM 17.30.1111. The most significant special condition is the requirement to develop, implement, and enforce the SWMP. This SWMP must address the following six minimum control measures as provided for in ARM 17.30.1111(6): 1. Public education and outreach on storm water impacts; 2. Public involvement/participation; 3. Illicit discharge detection and elimination; 4. Construction site storm water runoff control; 5. Post-construction storm water management in new development and redevelopment; and, 6. Pollution prevention and good housekeeping for municipal operations. In order to initiate the development and implementation of a SWMP, a new Small MS4 application(never been authorized)must include the following as provided for in ARM 17.30.1111(2): Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 9 • A description of the BMPs that the small MS4 will implement for each of the six storm water minimum control measures; • Identification of the measurable goals for each of the BMPs including, as appropriate,the months and years in which the small MS4 will undertake required actions, including interim milestones and the frequency of the action; and • The person or persons responsible for implementing or coordinating the SWMP. For"reapplication" (renewal of authorizations) under subsequent General Permits, a slightly different Application Form will be used than the original Application Form. It does not typically include a resubmittal of the above three bulleted items. For "reapplications",the respective Application Form and instructions will state required inclusions. Annual reports will be used to address updates, changes, or improvements to the Storm Water Management Program through time. Reapplication requirements are largely consistent with the EPA August 9, 1996 Federal Register document entitled Interpretive Policy Memorandum on Reapplication Requirements for municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems. ARM 17.30.1111(14) requires annual reports, which update and elaborate on the progress of developing and implementing the SWMP, to be submitted to the Department by March 1 st following each calendar year of active General Permit coverage. As annual reports are critical to documenting and providing updated information with respect to permit requirements, particularly on updates and changes to Storm Water Management Programs, the Department will be requiring annual reports to be submitted during both years of this abbreviated General Permit period. Other requirements contained in ARM 17.30.11 I 1 will be built into the General Permit and include those pertaining to sharing responsibilities for the SWMP, reporting & records retention, potential co-permitting of Small MS4s under a single permit authorization, and elaboration of requirements for each of the six minimum control measures. D. Standard Conditions Standard Conditions in General Permit MTR040000 include all pertinent requirements listed in ARM 17.30.1342. A listing of all Standard Conditions pertaining to all MPDES permits will be included in the General Permit. VII. Effluent Monitoringand nd Reporting Requirements A. Storm Water Discharge Monitoring I. The"power to require monitoring"is granted to the Department through 75-5-602 MCA, and is further clarified through ARM 17.30.1351(2). Analytical monitoring (sampling, testing, evaluating, reporting, etc.) for Small MS4s covered by this Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 10 General Permit will be required only for Small MS4s owned or operated by the city governments associated with Billings, Bozeman, Butte,Great Falls, Helena, Kalispell, and Missoula. Monitoring will be performed within the city limits for each of these. The Department may require additional storm water sampling,testing, and reporting on a case-by-case basis. Factors which may trigger additional monitoring requirements could include, but are not limited to: atypical discharges into the Small MS4; SWMP development, implementation, and enforcement effectiveness; storm water quality issues; potential contamination issues; historical issues; compliance issues; new requirements; or other water quality issues. 2. Monitoring frequency will be semi-annually(two times per year). For each half- year period, each of the identified Small MS4s above will be required to sample representative discharges from a relatively commercial/industrial area and from a relatively residential area, within their permitted geographic area. Samples are to be collected during the first 30 minutes of the discharge in order to provide consistent representation of discharging pollutants with respect to time for the storm event,particularly as most pollutants are discharged during the early stage of a storm event. 3. Based on the historical effluent characteristics for existing permitted storm water discharges,the NURP storm water quality study data presented in various EPA publications(see Table 1 above), and experience within the Water Protection Bureau regarding performance of BMPs in protecting state waters, sampling and testing for the parameters listed in Table 2 will be required. Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page I 1 Table 2. Small MS4 Effluent Monitoring Requirements Parameter Frequency Type Total Suspended Solids (TSS), mg/1 Semiannual Grab or Com osite Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Semiannual Grab or m /l Composite Total Phosphorus, mg/L Semiannual Grab or Composite Total Nitrogen, mg/l Semiannual Grab or Composite pH, standard units Semiannual Instantaneous Copper, mg/1 Semiannual Grab or Composite Lead,mg/1 Semiannual Grab or Composite Zinc,mg/1 Semiannual Grab or Composite Estimated Flow, gpm Semiannual Instantaneous Oil and Grease ,mg/1 Semiannual Grab (1) Analytical results must meet Required Reporting Values(RRVs)defined in DEQ Circular 7. (2) Total recoverable methods to be used on all metals. (3) See Definitions in Part V of the permit. (4) Estimated flow rates are appropriate in cases where measurement gauges are not installed. (5) Hexanes extraction(EPA Method 1664A). B. Reporting Requirements Analytical monitoring data will be reported to the Department using the Department's Discharge Monitoring Report Form(DMR). Also, the Department will require permittees to evaluate their storm water quality as a part of each reporting cycle, and to compare the data with the median values of the NURP data.in Table 1. This comparison of data with NURP median values is essentially the same approach as the benchmark monitoring used for industrial and mining storm water discharges in other general permits. During the first few five-year General Permit cycles,the purpose of this monitoring effort is to obtain some Montana-specific data where little exists, and in order to better characterize Montana's urban area storm water quality relative to the NURP study data. The scope of the monitoring effort will be continued in this abbreviated permit cycle. C. Instream Monitoring There are no requirements for instream monitoring under this permit. Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTRO40000 Page 12 D. Other Monitoring All Small MS4s permittees covered under this General Permit will be required to submit an annual report to the Department by March 1 st of each year. This annual report is required in ARM 17.30.1111(14). VIII. Mixing Zones Due to the intermittent nature of storm water discharges and the lack of specific data on the characteristics of urban storm water and receiving waters,the Department is not authorizing mixing zones at this time. IX. Nondegradation New or increased sources(ARM 17.30.702(18)),must comply with Montana's Nondegradation Policy [75-5-303 MCA],and rules(ARM 17.30.701 et. seq.). Based on 75-5-306 MCA,the Department has determined that issuance of a discharge permit to an existing source does not require review under Montana's Nondegradation Policy. X. Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) On September 21, 2000, a U.S. District Judge issued an order stating that until all necessary total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) under Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act are established for a particular water quality limited segment(WQLS),the State is not to issue any new permits or increase permitted discharges under the MPDES program. The order was issued in the lawsuit Friends of the Wild Swan v. U.S EPA, et al., CV 97-35-M-DWM, District of Montana, Missoula Division. The Department finds that the issuance of this General Permit does not conflict with the order,because: (1)it does not allow any new or increased discharges, (2)the permit contains an effluent limitation which prohibits storm water discharges that cause or contribute to a violation of water quality standards, and(3)the permit will provide regulatory controls resulting in a net improvement to the storm water quality of existing Small MS4 discharges. Xl. Procedure for Coverage under the General Permit A. ARM 17.30.1102(23) and ARM 17.30.1107 provide definitions, designation criteria, and determining factors for whether a Small MS4 is eligible for coverage under this permit. B. ARM 17.30.1110, 1111,and the Interpretive Policy Memorandum on Reapplication Requirements for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems published in the"Federal Register/Vol. 61,No. 155 /Friday, August 9, 1996/Rules and Regulations"provide application requirements for obtaining coverage under this Small MS4 General Permit. Fact Sheet October 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Page 13 XII. References/Information Sources 1. Administrative Rules of Montana Title 17,Chapter 30 et al 2. Montana Code Annotated Title 75, Chapters 5, Subchapters 1 through 6 3. Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR Parts 122 through 133 4. EPA Environmental Impacts of Stormwater Discharges:A National Profile, published June 1992; EPA Document No. 841-R-92-001 5. Storm Water Discharges Potentially Addressed by Phase II of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Storm Water Program—Report to Congress,published March 1995; EPA Document No. 833-K-94-002 6. Draft Environmental Protection Agency NPDES General Permit for Discharges from Small Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems,dated March 28,2002 7. June 2009 EPA NPDES Stormwater Program Small M54 Report Form 8. January 2007 EPA M34 Program Evaluation Guidance 9. October 2004 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Guidance Manual 10. Interpretive Policy Memorandum on Reapplication Requirements for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems published in the "Federal Register/Vol. 61,No. 155 / Friday, August 9, 1996 / Rules and Regulations". 11. Technical Guidance on Implementing the Stormwater Runoff Requirements for Federal Projects under Section 438 of the Energy Independence and Security,published 2009; EPA Document No. 841-B-09-001 12. Managing Stormwater In Your Community-A Guide for Building an Effective Post- Construction Program, Center for Watershed Protection, published 2008; EPA Document No. 833-R-08-001 13. Various Montana Small MS4 Permittee Annual Reports Fact Sheet September 2014 Permit No.: MTR040000 Attachment A MONTANA RAINFALL ANALYSIS Recharge- 85% Water 95% One Year 50% Frequencies Quality Q Frequencies Storm-99% Period Event-90 Frequencies Frequencies Station Station Name County Latitude Longitude Elevation Start End of Percent Frequencies ID (feet) Year Year Record Coverage Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall (years) Depth Depth Rainfall Depth Depth (inches) (inches) Depth (inches) (inches) inches 4558 KALISPELL GLACIER AP FLATHEAD 2957 48,304167 -114-263611 1899 2006 108 99 0.20 0.41 0.49 0.64 1.07 5745 MISSOULA INTL AP MISSOULA 3192 46.920833 -114.092500 1948 2006 59 100 0.19 0,39 0.47 062 1.00 1552 CASCADE 5 S CASCADE 3360 47,219444 -111.710000 1904 2006 103 98 0.23 0.56 0.69 0.96 1.70 LEWIS AND 4055 HELENA AP ASOS CLARK 3828 46.605556 -111.963611 1893 1 2006 114 1 100 0.20 0.44 0.55 0.73 116 1318 BUTTE BERT MOONEY AP SILVER BOW 5506 45,964722 -112.500556 1880 2006 114 88 0.20 0.42 0.50 0.67 1.07 1044 BOZEMAN MONTANA ST U GALLATIN 4913 45.662222 -111.045278 1892 2006 114 98 0.22 0.50 0.60 0.79 1,25 802 BILLINGS WTP YELLOWSTONE 3097 45.771667 -108.481111 1894 2006 113 98 0.22 0.53 0.67 0.90 1 70 Average 0 57 Source: Environmental Protection Agency, Headquarters-Washington D.C.,2009