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V United States Department of the Interior -
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Cooper Park Historic District
Section number - 8 ---- page _�_ _ � 5 �
Historic Nam• Cooper Paris Historic District -
Location: 200-700 Blocks S. Fifth, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth and Cross
Streets
Classification: Historic District
` private ownership
— - public acquisition: n/a
occupied
restricted access
residential use
Ownership: multiple - - -
Location of Legal Description: Gallatin County Courthouse, Main Street,
Bozeman, Montana
Representation in Existing Surveys: Historic Resource Survey of Bozeman,
Montana, 1982 - 1986, sponsored by the
Bozeman City-County Planning Office,
Depository of Survey Records: Montana State Preservation Office -
- 102 S. Broadway, Helena, MT
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Cooper Park Historic District
Contributing buildings: 222
Non-contributing buildings: 42 The Cooper Park Historic District, a large early 20th century residential area,
contains 265 diverse, one- to two-story frame houses with. even spacing and
setbacks, along level, tree-lined streets. The Bungalow style clearly pre--
dominates in the district, although the eclectic Queen Anne and Colonial Revival
styles promoted by early 20th century pattern books are also well represented.
Architectural features such as exposed rafter tails, truss brackets, bay and
oriel windows, porches, and a variety of surface textures and roof types lend
both a strong visual cohesion and a distinctly Progressive Era character to the
district.
While the district contains no examples of high style design, there are numerous
excellent examples of vernacular architecture found within it. Indeed,
architectural quality and integrity throughout the district is quite good, there
being a high percentage of significant buildings, and few gaps of non-
contributing structures in the streetscapes. Olive, Koch and Curtiss Streets,
and South 6th Avenue are particularly strong areas in terms of cohesiveness and
architectural significance. The level of architectural quality and preservation
is highest, however, in the immediate area of Cooper Park.
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National Park Service °?
National Register of Historic daces
Continuation Sheet
- -_:. Cooper Park Historic District
Section number .8- Page 64 _..
Cooper Park helps to relieve the uniformity of the grid patterned streets, as do
slight variations in streetscape orientations. In the northeast Part of the
district, houses line all parts of the grid: both the north--south running 5th,
6th, and 7th Avenues, as well as the east-west cross streets: Babcock, Olive,
Curtiss, Koch, and Story Streets. In the area south of Story St. , however, where
5th, 6th, and 7th Avenues extend fjor several blocks to the south and ascend a
-_slight hill, ,buildings are of a, more linear orientation since the east-west cross
streets are undeveloped. Cooper Park, a verdant, 2-block-square, open area in
the western part of the district, is surrounded by large, well-spaced houses, and
consequently represents a third spacial arrangement. The park serves as a focal
point for the surrounding area. --
Bordering the district to the north, south, and west are vast tracts of houses
that lack historical significance due to both age and alteration. To the south
however, is found the small South Tracy Historic District, separated from this
district by one block, and the historically significant Montana State University
campus. To the east are the elaborate residences of the Bon Ton Historic
District, separated from this district. by 4th Avenue, an unpaved alley.
Since a large percentage of the houses in the district were built speculatively
by a handful of local carpenters, numerous pairs and groups of identical or very
similar houses are found throughout the district. The most striking example is a
group of four very- similar Bungalow style houses, 507, -511, 515, and 523 W.
Babcock, all of which were probably built by Elmer Bartholomew around 1920. Two
less elaborate houses adjacent to one another, 718 and 722 S. 7th Avenue, were
built by Ora E. Long. These hip roofed, one-story Bungalows have prominent
recessed porches and exposed rafter tails, and represent a typical pattern book
design. Two of the five brick buildings in the district, the gambrel-roofed 221
and the gabled 224 S. 6th Avenue, stand prominently on opposite corner lots, and
also appear to have been built as a pair.
Among the several architectural styles found in the district is the Queen Anne
.style. A number of similar, one-story houses of this style, 415 W. Curtiss being
one of the best examples, are formed of a main block with a steep hip or gable
roof, -from which projects an off-center, pedimented, canted bay, with an ornate
porch next to it. One of the few more elaborate examples of this style in the
district is• 602 W. Babcock, a two-story structure with irregularly canted
projecting bays, and ornate shingle work.
The most common examples of the Colonial Revival style in the district are
variations on the gambrel roofed, open-plan house type. Two fine examples, 214
S. 6th Avenue and 515 W. Olive Street, display clapboard and wood shingle
J sheathing, recessed and projecting porches, and highly refined detailing such as
elaborate moldings and etched glass. Three interpretations of a closely related `
style, the Shingle style, are 411 W. Koch Street, 309 S. 6th, and 306 S. 7th
Avenues, which are distinguished by their massive shingled gables, and curved or
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"United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
3 National Register of Historic places
Continuation Sheet
Cooper Park Historic District
Section number 8 -Page 55._._-
battered wall surfaces and openings.
While many houses throughout the district display elements of the Craftsman
style, such as cobblestone foundations and chimneys, the stuccoed 404 W. Olive
Street is the only true example of the style in the district, the most striking
feature of which is the cross gable that projects from the second floor,
supported by two cobblestone piers. .
The Bungalow style, into which is commonly integrated elements of the Craftsman
style, takes on a tremendous diversity of forms in the district. Four examples
that come closest to high style manifestations of the style to the district and
which retain high integrity, are 321, 408► and 412 S. 6th Avenue, and 602 W.
Story Street. All border Cooper Park, and the latter was designed by local
architect Fred F. Willson.
Fine examples of the most typical eaves front form of the Bungalow style, which
includes massive proportions, full front recessed porches, broad gable ends, and
an array of detailing, include three large houses -- 521, 522, and 705 S. 6th
Avenue. Two striking, gable front manifestations of the style are 316 S. 6th and
607 S. 7th Avenues, which are characterized by broad, low proportions, low
pitched roofs, and unique, intricate wooden ornamentation.
Perhaps the most typical Bungalows however, are simple, one-story, gable front
blocks with broad, low proportions, gabled porches projecting from one half of
the facades, and only very simple ornamentation such as exposed rafter tails. Two
representative examples are 621 S. 7th Avenue and 402 W. Koch Street.
Several Bungalow style houses in the district retain what appears to be their
original color schemes. A typical scheme of brown and beige, with white trim, is
displayed on 807 S. 6th Avenue, a house also embellished with panels infilled
with pressed tin - an unusual exterior use of the material.
Closely related to the Bungalow style is the Four Square - a cubic, hip roofed
house type also promulgated by pattern books. Two examples include 324 S. 5th
Avenue, and the larger 421 W. Koch Street.
Pattern book houses found in the district from the 1930's are less diverse than
those of the 1910's and 1920's. They are most typically simple, small, eaves
front Classic Cottages with central entry porches, such as 609 S. 5th, 609 S.
6th, 608 S. 7th, and 310 S. 7th Avenue.
The more ambitious residential construction of the 1930's, however, does include
some of the most eccentric architecture in the district, such as the Chateauesgue
style 616 W. 'Story, the Tudor Revival style 703 W. Koch, (both of which face -
Cooper Park) , and the eclectic, Spanish Colonial Revival style 612 S. 5th Avenue.
The latter two have roofs representative of medieval English thatched roofs.
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the 264 diverse, residential coming Valley. district
cohesive during BOzeman's storic
architecturally Century, the Gallatin ,s largest hi
the early a th and cultural center o£ the city Part
gapes the overall
as the econ tessive -Era neighborhood, in large
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in both area city ' ttern
perception of the tholOgY of simple i '1 and eclectic hhouses found in
is virtually an an e Colonial Hues such a ° ttern books:
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designs of the numerous derived score houses, of them have houses in, .the district were clearly Bungalow
ung considerable number
s' and a Virtually all early
a nter/builders. throughout 'fie less
the district, carpe turnoverey are, therefore,
predominate to handful Of Local of occupancY trends in
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the district underwent very a aspirations icaI cross_
20th century' and tastes and Contains a typ the early pa between
a reflection Of individual district modest means in situated
architecture. The vely residences. s to
American ogle of relati o ulent state camp
available to �few examples of more �ntana L�niversitY
houses along with activity, -
CenturY, or centers of city - to the
the two mad - _ _-- r refers
« in this case and architectural
cohesive significance, of the city'
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.onitinuation Sheet
Cooper Park Historic District
;action number 8 Page 67 the southwest and the commercial district to the northeast, the district has been
spared the stagnation and subsequent deterioration suffered by more isolated
neighborhoods such as those north of Main Street.
For well over a decade after the establishment of the University in,1893 _ -
(originally known as Montana State College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts) ,
the area today occupied by the Cooper Park Historic District remained a virtually
vacant, open field, although the existing streets had by then long been laid out
and named. The college, as shown in the 1898 bird's eye view of Bozeman, and
19th century photographs, was during that time merely a small island in a golden
sea of wheat, quite far from the rest of the city.
The empty streets separating the developed part of town from the college, those
between S. Third and S. Eleventh Avenues, were platted in 1883 as the Park
Addition by Nelson Story, John S. Dickerson, and Walter Cooper. In that year,
the arrival of the Northern Pacific Railroad sparked a tremendous surge in
building activity and real estate values. Numerous brick buildings were rapidly
erected along Main Street and S. Central (now S. Willson) Avenue during that
time, and the town became an incorporated city.
While no significant development occurred in the Park Addition at that time, the
surge in growth, although it had subsided by the late 18801s, gave Bozeman
boosters the confidence to make an avid bid to win for their city the designation
of state capital. Major city improvements were encouraged in anticipation of a
statewide vote on the issue in 1892. The most significant of these were a group
of three monumental brick buildings erected on Main Street in 1890, including the -
Hotel Bozeman (321 E. Main) . The Capital Hill Addition, aptly named, was platted
in 1890 as well, encompassing the south end of the district, in order to make the
city appear, at least on paper, ready to accept the capitol complex. it included
four streets named after U.S. presidents, and a broad boulevard, S. Eighth
Avenue. The boulevard, today bisected by a series of curbed islands and partially
included in the historic distract, ascends a slight hill, and was intended to
terminate with the capitol dome.
Although Bozeman lost its capital bid, it did gain the State Agricultural College
- another of the state institutions distributed at the time. The first permanent
building associated with the college, Montana Hall, was built where the capitol
complex had been planned, although curiously, at the termination of S. 9th Avenue r
rather than S. 8th. The electric trolley system that was built in 1892
originally served the college by heading west along Main Street, and turning
south on 9th Avenue, but was re-routed in 1901 to turn down S. Grand Avenue,
which meant in both cases that the as yet undeveloped historic district was
skirted. Had the 1 89p 's been as prosperous as city promoters had hoped, rather
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United States Department of the Interior � T
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places a�rc�Aa�3
Continuation Sheet
Section number 8 Page 68
Cooper Park Historic District
development. Intensive residential construction however, would have to await the
prosperity of the early 20th century, which brought with it predominantly post-
Queen Anne architectural styles.
As late as 1904► as shown by the Sanborn map of that year, the district contained
only a sprinkling of individual houses, and just two complete rows of five houses
or more. (The west side of S. 7th Avenue between Babcock and Curtiss Streets was
fully developed by 1898, but is excluded from the district due to loss of _.
integrity,) The most notable of these rows is the north side of W. Olive Street,
between 4th and 5th Avenues of which all seven diverse 19th century houses shown
on the 1904 map remain intact. The other row, on the north s�de of W. Story
Street, between 4th and 5th Avenues, consists of five simple, one-story Queen ---
Anne style houses that had probably just been completed by 1904. Around that
time as well, late Queen Anne and Colonial Revival style houses began appearing
on Main Street, such as 516 (c.1909) , 522 (c.1903) , 606 (c.1906) , and 607
(c.1903) W. Main Street.
The houses built during the first decade of this century, and into the 1910's
until the Bungalow style reached its peak popularity, are an eclectic mix of
styles drawing from all periods of American history. Specific designs for houses
at that time were made available to isolated areas such as Bozeman primarily
through house pattern catalogues. One such catalogue that was certainly used in ^ -
Bozeman is Hodason's Practical Bungalows and Cottages (Chicago: Frederick J.
Drake & Company, 1912) . The catalogue contains perspective drawings and floor
plans for over a thousand different economical houses, the detailed working plans
for which could be ordered for five dollars. With the exception of most
Bungalows, hardly a house in the district built within the first two decades of
this century does not7 appear to have been patterned at least in part after one of
the patterns in that catalogue. Indeed, Hodgson notes that: "It is seldom
builder finds a design and floor plans that do not require slight changes, "
Several houses in the district, however, are virtually identical to designs in
the catalogue. Two of the most striking examples, which are also two of the most
architecturally significant houses in the district, are the small Shingle style
306 S. 7th Avenue, and the Queen Anne style 412 W. Olive Street The latter -
corresponds to "House Design No. 1096" down to the last detail.
2 Frederick T. Hodgson, Practical Bungalows and Cottages for Town and
Country (Chicago: Frederick J. Drake & Co. ,1912, 1915) , fifth page from the end
(pages not numbered) .
3 While 412 W. Olive Street seems to have clearly been built according to
the pattern in Hodgson's catalogue, the house appears on the 1904 Sanborn Map,
which suggests that man the patterns re-date the earliest 1912
gg of erns therein -
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United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Cooper Park Historic District
Section number 8 Page 69
Although these houses evidence steady economic growth in Bozeman, development in
the city, and especially in the district, does not appear to have taken off until -
after the completion of the Gallatin Valley Electric Railway in 1909, which
linked several of the surrounding Gallatin Valley communities with Bozeman. The
momentum for that period of growth however, had been established throughout the
first decade of the century.
In 1902, the Interstate Fair Association was incorporated, and the present county
fairgrounds were built soon after. The fairgrounds were used extensively up
through the 1920's and beyond for various regional fairs such as the Roundup Show
between 1919 and 1926. By 1908, Bozeman's population, about 8000, was three
times what it had been in 1883, when the Northern Pacific Railroad was completed.
A promotional magazine of 1908, The Coast, boasted that Bozeman, . .to which
every section of'the Gallatin Valley is tributary. .. , contained six. . modern and
up to date elevators. . ." with a combined capacity of 600,000 bushels.' Like the
regional fairs and the multi-story grain elevators, the Sweet Pea Festivals,
revived in the 1970's and still celebrated each summer, represented Bozeman's
emerging role as the hub of a rich agricultural area. The promotional Sweet Pea
Festivals began around the time of the opening of the Gallatin Valley Seed Co. in
1912, which employed about 100 seasonally, and provided fa mers of the
surrounding area with an excellent early season cash crop. The opening of the
Bozeman Pea Cannery, an even larger operation, followed six years later.
Despite optimistic predictions around 1907 and 1908 that Bozeman would become a
significant industrial center, complete with a million dollar, community-
sponsored sugar beet processing plant that would add 1500 people to the city's
population, the city economy diversified not in the industrial sector but in the
4 F. B. Linfield, "The Egypt of America, "Tbe Montana Homeseeker, Vol. 1
(June 15, 1906) , p. 12. -
5 "The Gallatin Valley, Montana, "Thg_Cg2,-jk, Vol.-15, No. 6 (Seattle:
The Coast Publishing Co. , 1908) , pp. 43 8-9, 458.
6 James R. McDonald, Architects P.C. , RrnPman's Historic Resources,
(Bozeman: Bozeman City-County Planning Board, August, 1984) , p. 127.
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United States Department of the interior
National Park Service
-) National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
_ Cooper Park Historic District
Section number $ Page _....]� -
distinctive features such as flares in the roofs where they cover the porches
(519 W. Babcock Street even has a curved flare) , paired, battered columns on tall
brick piers that support each porch at the corners, and porch lintels with peaked
soffits.
Another builder, John D. Wherling, built houses exclusively of this type,
although on a considerably more simplified level. Formerly the chief of the
Bozeman Police Department, Wherlin� turned to carpentry in the late 1910's when
demand for cheap housing was high. According to Louis Spain, he built numerous
economical houses in the Bozeman area, all virtually identical in design. Two of
them are in the district: 321 S. 8th Avenue (c.1919) , and 715 W. Koch Street
-
Wherling had begun building houses at a time when the priorities of economy,
simplicity, and openness in house design had come to the fore - priorities for
which the Bungalow style was especially well suited. In addition to catalogues
such as Hodgson's, national magazines helped to promulgate the Bungalow style.
One of those, the American Builder, in a 1917 article on the style, made special
note of a Bozeman carpenter, G. A. Ensinger, who had then just completed five
Bungalows. The article 9noted that all were ". . .very practical and economical
from every standpoint. "
Perhaps Ensinger conferred with the magazine editors before building- the five
Bungalows, which must have presented a relatively new concept in house design at
the time to deserve national note. The five houses referred to are probably 601,
620, 715, 719, and 721 S. 6th Avenue, all of which are very small, one-story,
modestly ornamented gable front houses built adjacent to or near one another by
Guy Ensinger, and all- of which have been dated to either 1915 or 1916. These
houses appear to be quite standardized in design when compared to similar, yet
far more distinctive houses attributed to Bartholomew, such as the one-story,
gable front houses at 701 S. 6th Avenue and 418 W. Curtiss Street.
Ensinger had been a carpenter in Bozeman since 1912, though his earlier houses
8 "Chief Wherling Progressive", (June 29,, 1909) , P. 4;
R. L. Polk & Co. Bozeman City and Gallatin County Directory 1910-11-(Helena: R.
,- L. Polk & Co. 1910-11) , p. 170. _
9 "Model Homes: This Type Found Popular in the West, " American Builder
(June, 1917) , p. 77, as quoted in: Kingston Heath, "Striving for Permanence on
the Western Frontier: Vernacular Architecture as Cultural Informant in
Southwestern Montana", Ph.D. dissertation presented to the Department of American r
Civilization of Brown University, February, 1985. - -
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United States Department of the interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Section number $ Page 71
Cooper Park Historic District
agricultural and service sectors.? From this economic diversification emerged an
extensive middle class, of which a large percentage resided in the Cooper Park
Historic District. Many owned or were employed by businesses on Main Street,
which during this period was extended a full block to the west, and substantially
improved along its entire length.
With the expanded middle class came a dramatic increase in the number of house
carpenters in Bozeman, responding to the demand for economical housing, some of
whom came from other towns in the valley. Polk's city directory of 1910-11 for
Bozeman lists only nine builders residing in the city, while in the 1916-17
directory, there were twenty-three. While at least fifteen of the builders
listed in the directories between 1910 and the 1930's are known to-have built
historically significant houses in the district, six appear to have been the most
prolific: Elmer Bartholomew, William H. Cline,' George P. Dier, Guy A. Ensinger,
Ora E. Long, and Lou F. Sievert. These six worked predominantly in the Bungalow
style, which took precedence over the earlier, eclectic pattern book styles by
about the mid-1910's. (Builders of most of the earlier style houses have not
been identified.)
Given the historical perspective afforded us today, and the limitations of
current research, Bartholomew clearly emerges as Bozeman's leading builder of the
early 20th century, considering the quantity, originality, and architectural
significance of his work. Unlike the houses built by other carpenters, those
built by Bartholomew can of ten be readily identified by the subtle yet
distinctive characteristics of proportion, roof pitch, eave overhang and
detailing peculiar to his work. At least one of his houses, a simple, gambrel
roofed, Colonial Revival style, cross gabled house at 42 W. Curtiss Street
(c.1911) , appears to have been derived from a catalogue design, Hodgson's "House
Design #2040. " One particularly striking group of houses built by Bartholomew
are 423, 507, 511, 515, and 519 W. Babcock Street, all built around 1911 as well.
The first four are similar variations of a gable front form, three of which are
Bungalow style, while 511 displays elements of the Colonial Revival style and is
similar to 42 W. Curtiss Street noted above.
Bartholomew also built several Bungalows of-a common eaves front house type,
generally characterized by large overall size, broad gable ends, narrow eaves
fronts with -full recessed porches, and a single large dormer on front. Those
attributed to Bartholomew comprise some of the most imposing buildings in the
district due to sheer size, as well as boldness of ornamentation. They include
519 W. Babcock Street (c.1911) , 522 S. 6th Avenue (c.1917) , 705 S. 6th Avenue
(c.1919) , 504 W. Main Street (c.1914) , and 611 W. Main Street (c.1914) . All share
7. Op Cit, p. 465; and F. B. Linfield, "The Egypt of America, " The Mont
Homeseeker, Vol. 1, (June 15, 1906) , pp.l, 11. - r
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United States Department of the Interior
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- Cooper Park Historic District
Section number . 8 Page _ 72
are yet to be identified. Although praised by the Bozeman Weekly Courier in 1918
as having been ". . .one of Bozeman's leading contractors and builders, " Ensinger
ran into financial difficulties in 1917, and retired before he was able to
complete hA last house, 824 S. Tracy Avenue (in the South Tracy Historic
District) . Upon his retirement, Ensinger played a role in pioneering
mechanized farming in Montana, just as he had helped to usher in a new concept in
house design only two years earlier. His attempt to cultivate 1500 leased acres
in Big Horn County without the use of horses was termed an "experiment" of great
interest by the Weekly Courier.
Another builder, William H. Cline, built a group of houses in 1917, shortly after
Ensinger finished the above five Bungalows, which appears to lnave been
consciously planned as a cohesive, symmetrical group. The six buildings fill the
entire east side of the block of S. 5th Ave. between W. Curtiss and W. Koch
Streets. The inner four buildings consist of two different pairs of identical
Bungalows: 308 and 314 S. 5th Avenue, and 316 and 320 S. 5th Avenue. The corner
lot buildings contrast with these, thus providing strong visual terminations to
I either end of the group. The house on the north corner, an eaves front Colonial
Revival style house, is probably not the original house on the lot, while that on
the south corner, 324 S. 5th Avenue, is a cubic Four Square appropriate for its
corner location.
In only a few instances in Bozeman did the Bungalow style progress far beyond the
parameters presented by magazines and pattern books. One example is 602 S. 6th
Avenue, built by Bartholomew around 1915 with numerous gables, and a Ix2 bay
cupola, which is a feature virtually unheard of for the style. Even the New York
City-trained local architect Fred F. Willson shied away from excessive
permutations of the common forms of the style. His most significant Bungalow
style design, 602 W. Story Street (1914) , is quite conservative in design.
This general conservatism among Bozeman builders, which is also evident in the
many anonymous pre-Bungalow houses in the district, may in part be a result of
the high occupancy turnover in the district, which was revealed through thorough
research using city directories. Most houses in the district were probably built
by carpenters for later sale, rather than on commission, and are therefore less
likely to be exceptional in design. In some cases the carpenters themselves
temporarily lived in the houses until sold. Only the architect--designed houses
surrounding Cooper Park, the most unusual houses in the district, were shown to
have been occupied by the same family for a decade or more. Not only did the
middle class families in Bozeman move frequently, but ranching families from the
10 "Bozeman Contractor Retires to Become Gasoline Power Farmer, " The Weekly __-
CQuCi , (March 27, 1918) , p. 1; see also 824 S. Tracy Avenue in the S. Tracy
Historic District.
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National Park Service
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Continuation Sheet
8 Page 73
Cooper Park Historic District
Section number
surrounding area were known to have rented houses in the city temporarily through
the winter months, sometimes primarily to facilitate schooling for their
children.
The presence of a School of Architecture at the college a few blocks south of the
district had an influence on the design of at least one historically significant
house, 522 W. Babcock Street, which was designed by Joe Uhlrich in 1929. Uhlrich
was an architecture student who was forced to terminate his studies in 1930 due
to financial pressures of the Depression. The design of the impressive Bungalow,
which is unique in the district and which incorporates Tudor Revival half-
timbering motifs, according to Uhlrich, was derived f0 no particular source,
but was merely "the way they built houses back then. " Nevettheless, it is -
exceptional in this district.
For those such as the Uhlrich family who sought to own their own homes, the
Pioneer Building and Loan Association, forerunner of the present Empire Federal
Savings and Loan Association, was one source of financial assistance. Its
founder, Wells S. Davidson, boasted in 1908 that because of Pioneer Building and
Loan, "No other city in the northwest an boast so large a proportion of homes
owned by their occupants as Bozeman. "'l It is possible that the percentage of
resident owners dropped after the ensuing building boom, which greatly multiplied
the number of houses in the city a few years after Davidson's comments were
printed. - - -
Bozeman pulled through the Great Depression with a remarkably stable economy,
compared to the rest of Montana. This can be attributed to a number of factors,
primarily the fact that Gallatin Valley soils are especially rich and well
watered. ' The farms and ranches for which Bozeman served as the economic hub
consequently avoided high rates of sudden foreclosure. In addition, Montana
State College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts (today Montana State University)
provided a constant source of revenue for Bozeman's commercial area and housing
market. Although the number of houses being constructed in Bozeman during the
Depression decreased from the number built during the building boom of the
previous two decades, many were nevertheless added to this district.The 1930's saw the gradual eclipse of the Bungalow style in the district as new
architectural idioms such as the half-timbering of the Uhlrich House, or the
stuccoing of 521 S. 5th Avenue (c.1932) , became incorporated into the style, and
11 Joe Uhlrich, Bozeman, Montana, Interview, November 1, 1985.
12 "The Gallatin Valley, Montana", Thp. Coast, Vol. _15, No. 6 (Seattle: The -
- Coast Publishing Co, June, 1908) , p. 427. -
N►s Fom++avow
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service _
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Section number 8 Page 74 Cooper Park Historic District
BIBLIOGRAPHY: Cooper Park Historic District
"The Gallatin Valley, Montana", The Coast, Vol. 15, No. 6, June, 1908,
Seattle: The Coast Publishing Co. , 1908.
Hodgson, Fred T. , 2ract-i c-al Bungalows ows and Cottages for Town and Country.
Chicago: Frederick J. Drake & Co. 1912, 1915.
Linfield, F. B. , "The Egypt of America", Montana Homeseeker,- Vol. 1, No. 1,
June 15, 1906.
McDonald, James R. ► Architects, P.C. , Qpzeman's Historic SeaQtrces, Bozeman:
Bozeman City-County .Planning Board, August, 1984.
RgNblican courier, "Chief Wherling Progressive", June 29, 1909, p. 4.
,. Uhlrich, Joe, Bozeman, Montana, in an interview, November 1, 1985.
The Weekly Courier, "Bozeman Contractor Retires to Become Gasoline Power
Farmer", March 27► 1918, p. 1.
City Directories;
Gallatin Valley Gazetteer and Bozeman City Directory, 1892-1893, Including.
Belgr-ada, Bozeman: New Issue Publishing Co. (J.D. Radford & Co.) . Polk
R.L. & Co, Bozeman City and Gallatin County Directory, Helena: R. L. Polk
& Co. Dates consulted: 1900-01, 1902-3, 1904-5, 1906-7, 1910-11, 1912-
13, 1914-15, 1916-17► 1918-19, 1922, 1925, 1927, 1931, 1935-36, 1940, 1942.
Flat vacs
"Alderson's Addition to Bozeman: W. W. Alderson's Addition to the Town of
Bozeman, surveyed by W. Y. Smith, Deputy U. S. Surveyor,' Sept. 1872►
filed for-record Oct. 1 873"; copy of the original plat by James W. - - =
Drennan, Co. Clerk, 1889, on file at the Bozeman City-County Planning
Board Office.
"Capital Hill Addition", 1890, on file at the Bozeman City-County Planning
Board Office.
"Fairview Addition to Bozeman", submitted by W. W. Alderson, 1883, original
plat map, on file at the Bozeman City-County Planning Board Office.
"Park Addition: Plat of Park Addition to Bozeman, Gallatin County, Montana,
submitted by Nelson Story, John S. Dickerson and Walter Cooper, May, 1883,
copied .Feb. 21, 1923 from blue print (sic.) of the original (plat] by L.
S. Thorpe, city engineer, on file at the Bozeman City-County Planning -
- Board Office. - - -
HAS faem 16000a
{130j
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service -
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Section number _ 8 Page 75 Cooper Park Historic District
BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION AND JUSTIFICATION:
The boundary for the Cooper Park Historic District is drawn so as to include the
highest concentration of historically significant buildings, and, where possible,
to include facing blocks of residences to preserve complete streetscapes. At the
edges of the district, some residences at the far corners are oriented away from
the district center and, most often, are not included within the boundaries.
South Fourth Ave. , an unpaved alley actually, serves as the eastern boundary for
the Cooper Park Historic District and separates this district of modest, middle
class, early 20th century housing from the more architecturally elaborate, upper
middle class housing of the Bon Ton Historic District.
The northeastern corner of the Cooper Park Historic District, the point of
beginning, is located at the intersection of So. Fifth Avenue and W. Main Street.
The boundary then runs south along So. Fifth Ave. to the alley between W. Babcock .
and W. Olive Streets; then, east to So. Fourth Ave. ; then, south to the alley
' between W. Koch and W. Story Streets; then, west one lot; then, south to the
alley between W. Story and Dickerson Streets; then, west four lots; then, south
to Alderson Street; then, west to the alley between So. Sixth and So. Fifti,
Avenues; then, south to one lot beyond College Street; then, west to So. Sixth
Avenue; then, south one lot; then, west to the alley between So. Seventh and So.
Sixth Avenues; then, north to College Street; then, west to So. Seventh Avenue;
then, north one lot; then, west to the alley between So. Eighth and So.--Seventh
Avenues; then, north to Dickerson Street; then, west to So. Eighth Avenue; then,
-
north two lots; then, west to the alley between So. Ninth and So. Eighth Avenues;
then, north to one lot north of W. Koch Street; 'then, east to So. Seventh Avenue;
then, north to W. Curtiss Street; then, west to the alley between So. Eighth and
So. Seventh Avenues; then, north to the alley between W. Babcock and W. Olive
Streets; then, east to the alley between So. Seventh and So. Sixth Avenues; then,
north to W. Main Street; and east to the point of beginning.
UTM REFERENCES: ACREAGE: approximately 75 acres
A: 12/496650/5056200 --
B: 12/496750/5057650
C: 12/496500/5057250
D: 12/496300/5057850
of Ga 953
NPS Farm 10-0004 - - - -
1�D -
United States Department of the interior
National Park Service
`National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
76 Cooper Park Historic District
Section number 8 Page
Cooper Park Historic District
p: primary significance c: contributing nc: non-contributing
Address --- - :- .._=Q= wag aty_19 dar.
201 South Fifth c.1904 nc Remodellers
205 South Fifth c.1900 c Queen Anne Cottage
209 South Fifth c.1900 c Queen Anne
212 South Fifth 1949 nc Remodelled
216 South Fifth c.1917 c Craftsman Bungalow
215 South Fifth c.1915 c Craftsman Bungalow W.H. Cline
219 South Fifth 1904-1912 c Colonial Revival
221 South Fifth c.1906-1907 c Colonial Revival
301 South Fifth 1939 nc Craftsman Cottage
302 South Fifth c.1936 c Colonial Revival
t 305 South Fifth c.1905 c Queen Anne Cottage
308 South Fifth c.1917 c Craftsman Bungalow W.H. Cline
309 South Fifth c.1905 c Queen Ann Cottage
313 South Fifth c.1908 c Queen Ann Cottage
314 South Fifth c.1917 c Craftsman Bungalow W.H. Cline
316 South Fifth -1917 c Craftsman Bungalow W.H. Cline
317 South Fifth rc.1910 c Queen Anne Cottage
320 South Fifth 1917 c Craftsman Bungalow W.H. Cline
321 South Fifth c.1914 _ c Craftsman Bungalow
324 South Fifth 1917 c Four Square W.H. Cline
401 South Fifth c.1904 c Queen Anne Cottage
405 South Fifth c.1927 c Craftsman Bungalow Eugene Crail
409 South Fifth c.1910 nc Remodelled
410 South Fifth 1959 nc Modern ranch
415 South Fifth c.1904 nc Queen Anne Cottage
418 South Fifth c.1950 nc Ranch
419 South Fifth 1949 - - nc Pre-ranch
- 509 South Fifth 1931 nc Craftsman Cottage L.F. Sievert
514 South Fifth 1928 c Craftsman Bungalow. W.H. Cline
515 South Fifth c.1950 nc Ranch
517 South Fifth c.1931 c Picturesque:Spanish L.F. Sievert
520 South Fifth c.1932 c Craftsman Cottage Geo. H. Wimmer
521 South Fifth c.1932 c Craftsman Bungalow L.F. Sievert
524 South Fifth 1932 c Craftsman Cottage
602 South Fifth 1937 p Picturesque:Medieval
603 South Fifth c.1940 nc Craftsman Cottage
605 South Fifth 1937 c Craftsman Cottage
606 South Fifth c.1936 c -Pi.cturesque:Tudor
_ s
609 South Fifth 'c.1936 c Picturesque:Cape
610 South Fifth c.1941 nc 40 `s cottage Olaf Holmquist
615 South Fifth c.1936 c Picturesque:Cape
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-United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Section number_ Page 77 Cooper Park Historic District
616 South Fifth c.1936 - -c -Picturesgue:Cape
617 South Fifth c.1936 c Craftsman Cottage Wm. Willmore
621 South Fifth c.1936 c Picturesque:Cape
622 South Fifth c.1936 c Picturesque:English
624 South Fifth 1936 - c Picturesque: English
113 South Sixth c.1916 c Craftsman Bungalow/
Colonial Revival
114 South Sixth 1950 nc Ranch
119 South Sixth c.1900 c Colonial Revival
125 South Sixth c.1916 c Craftsman Bungalow W.H. Cline
201 South Sixth pre-1904 c Classic Revival Cottage
209 South Sixth c.1910 nc Remodelled
214 South Sixth c.1904 p Colonial Revival
215 South Sixth c.1907 c Classical Revival Cottage
217 South Sixth c.1900 c Queen Anne Cottage
218 South Sixth c.1910 -c Greek Revival .
221 South Sixth c.1906-08 c Colonial Revival A.J. Svorkmoe (att.)
# 224 South Sixth c.1908 to Queen Anne A.J. Svorkmoe (att.)
302 South Sixth c.1910 c Classical Cottage
303 South Sixth c.1908 nc Remodelled
308 South Sixth c.1911 nc Remodelled
309 South Sixth 1904-12 p Shingle Style Cottage
312 South Sixth c.1914 c Craftsman Bungalow
313 South Sixth c.1911 p Craftsman Bungalow
316 South Sixth c.1914 c -- Craftsman Bungalow W.H. Cline (att.)
317 South Sixth c.1914 c Craftsman Bungalow W.H. Cline (att.)
320 South Sixth c.1914 c Craftsman Bungalow W.H. Cline (att.)
321 South Sixth c.1913 p Craftsman Bungalow
404 South Sixth 1985 nc Post-modern
408 South Sixth c.1912 p Craftsman Bungalow
412 South Sixth c.1912 _ _ p Craftsman Bungalow
416 South Sixth c.1912 c Craftsman Bungalow
422 South Sixth - c.1910 nc Neo-Classical r=A.J. Svorkmoe
- -Y502 South Sixth c.1919 c Craftsman Cottage _ Ora E. Long
510 South Sixth c.1930 nc Prairie Bungalow Ora. E.Long (att.)
515 South Sixth c.1915 c Craftman Bungalow E.L. Bartholomew
516 South Sixth c.1919 nc Craftsman Bungalow, altered
521 South Sixth c.1916 p Craftsman Bungalow
522 South Sixth c.1917 p Craftsman Bungalow E.L. Bartholomew
601 South Sixth c.1915 c Craftsman Bungalow Guy A. Ensigner
602 South Sixth c.1915 p Craftsman Bungalow E.L. Bartholomew
605 South Sixth c.1916 c Craftsman Bungalow Fred Willson
606 South Sixth c.1917 c Craftsman Bungalow William C. Smith
609 South Sixth c.1925 c 38's Picturesque:Cape
610 South Sixth c.1937 c Craftsman Bungalow Lou. F. Sievert -
613 South Sixth c.1915 c Craftsman Bungalow
N"Form 104004
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Cooper Park Historic District
Section number 8 Page 78 _
614 South Sixth pre 1927 nc Craftsman Bungalow
617 South Sixth 1919 c' Craftsman Bungalow
620 South Sixth c.1916 nc Rmodelled Bungalow 621 South Sixth
c.1937 nc Craftsman Bungalow Lou F. Sievert
622 South Sixth c.1975 nc Modern ambiguity
701 South Sixth c.1919 c Craftsman Bungalow E. L. Bartholomew
702 South Sixth c.1931 c Craftsman Bungalow
705 South Sixth c.1919 p Craftsman Bungalow E.L. Bartholomew
706 South Sixth c.1938 c Picturesque: Tudor
709 South Sixth c.1919 c Craftsman Bungalow E.L. Bartholomew
712 South Sixth c.1930 c Picturesque: Craftsman
715 South Sixth c.1915 c Craftsman Bungalow Guy A. Ensigner =- _
716 South Sixth c.1930 c Craftsman Bungalow
719 South Sixth c.1916 c Craftsman Bungalow Guy A. Ensigner
720 South Sixth c.1938 c Picturesque:Tudor
721 South Sixth c.1916 c Craftsman Bungalow Guy A. Ensigner(att. )
725 South Sixth c.1917 c Craftsman Bungalow Guy A. Ensigner
3 726 South Sixth c.1930 c Picturesque:Norman
8O1 South Sixth c.1922 c Craftsman Bungalow J.A. Bartholomew
806 South Sixth c.1923 c Craftsman Bungalow Emil J. Riesser
807 South Sixth c.1920 c Craftsman Bungalow J.A. Bartholomew
113 South Seventhv� c.1908 c Craftsman Cottage -
114 South Seventh 1931 c Craftsman Bungalow
119 South Seventh c.1900 no Remodelled
123 South Seventh c.1900 c Tri-gable Vernacular
202 South Seventh c.190O c Tri-gable Vernacular
203 South Seventh 1916 c Craftsman Cottage
205 South Seventh 1932 c Craftsman Cottage
206 South Seventh c.19O0 c Tri-gable Vernacular
209 South Seventh -c.1900 nc Remodelled
210 South Seventh 1930 c Craftsman Cottage
213 South Seventh c.192 8 c Craftsman Cottage -
214 South Seventh 1930 c - - Craftsman Bungalow
218 South Seventh -1930 c Craftsman Cottage
221 South Seventh c.1900 c Queen Anne Cottage
222 South Seventh 1933 p Queen Anne Cottage
304 South Seventh 1949 nc ranch
306 South Seventh c.1905 c Shingle Style Cottage
310 South Seventh c.1935 c Craftsman Cottage Eugene Crail (att. )
314 South Seventh c.1930 c Craftsman Cottage Eugene Crail (att. )
322 South Seventh c.1900 c I-House
502 South Seventh c.1911 - nc Remodelled _
515 South Seventh c.1915 .-- _c _ -Craftsman Cottage Ora E. Long (att. ) r
516 South Seventh c.1930 c Picturesque: Cape
518 South Seventh c.1916 c Craftsman Bungalow Ora E. Long (att.)
a�G�95�
µrS Fam aeoa. OMB naamv•r no. =4a Wu
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Section number $ _ Page _ 79 Cooper Park Historic District
-. .--- . .
519 South Seventh c.1915 c Craftsman Bungalow Ora E. Long (att.)
523 South Seventh c.1916 c Craftsman Bungalow
602 South Seventh c.1935 c Craftsman Commercial J.H. Howell(att.)
603 South Seventh c.1930 c - Picturesque: Cape
607 South Seventh c.1915 c Craftsman Bungalow
608 South Seventh c.1925 c Pictureque:Craftsman
610 South Seventh c.1930 nc remodelled
611-1/2 South Sev, c.1900 c Four Square
614 South Seventh c,1936 c Craftsman Cottage C.E. Albrecht
615 South Seventh c.1919 c Craftsman Bungalow
618 South Seventh c.1930 c Picturesque:Norman
621 South Seventh c.1919 c Craftsman Bungalow i
624 South Seventh c.1933 c Picturesque:Tudor/Norman
701 South Seventh c.1925 c Craftsman Cottage
702 South Seventh c.1919 c Craftsman Bungalow Ora E. Long (att.)
705 South Seventh c.1910 c Colonial Revival Luke Cowan
708 South Seventh c.1936 c Craftsman Bungalow Lou F. Sievert
709 South Seventh c.193 8 c Picturesque:Norman Wm. D. Willmore
712 South Seventh c.1936 c Craftsman Cottage Lou. F. Sievert(att.)
714 South Seventh c.193 8 c Craftsman Cottage Lou. F. Sievert(att. )
715 South Seventh c.1910 c Queen Anne/Colonial Revival
718 South Seventh c.1916 c Craftsman Bungalow Ora E. Long
719 South Seventh c,1910 nc Remodelled
722 South Seventh c:1916 c Craftsman Bungalow Ora E. Long
321 South Eighth c.1919 c Craftsman Bungalow John.P, Wherling
401 South Eighth c.1910 c Craftsman Bungalow
409 South Eighth c.1945 nc Ranch
415 South Eighth c.1911 c Craftsman Bungalow
419 South Eighth c.1911 c Craftsman Bungalow E.L. Bartholomew
423 South Eighth c.1937 c Picturesque:Tudor/Cape
502 South Eighth c.1958 nc Modern Ecclesiastical -
503 South Eighth c.1969 nc Ranch
- 507 South Eighth c.1 895 p Queen Anne/Colonial Revival
508 South Eighth 1915 c Craftsman Cottage
516 South Eighth 1937 c Cape variant
520 South Eighth 1929 c Craftsman Bungalow
504 West Main c.1914 c Craftsman Bungalow E. L. Bartholomew/
Wm. C. Smith
508 West Main c.1934 c Craftsman Cottage
512 West Main c.1912 c Classical Cottage
516 West Main c.1900 c Queen Anne/Colonial Revival
520 West Main c.1930 c Picturesque:Queen Anne/Craftsman r
522 West Main c.1900 c Queen Anne/Colonial Revival Cottage
606 West Main c.1906 c Colonial Revival Cottage
_ cr q C.-'V9 c153
- - NPS Fa 10.004A OUS APprar&f Na f021.007/
United States Department of the Interior ---
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Cooper Park Historic District
Section number 8 Page U
612 West Main c.1912 c Colonial Revival
506 West Babcock c.1921 c Colonial Revival
507 West Babcock c.1910 c Craftsman Bungalow E.L. Bartholomew
510 West Babcock c.1911 c Craftsman Bungalow
511 West Babcock c.1910 c Craftsman/Colonial E.L. Bartholomew
Revival
515 West Babcock c.1909 c Craftsman/Colonial E.L. Bartholomew
Revival
516 West Babcock c.1950 nc Modern apartments
519 West Babcock c.1911 c Craftsman Bungalow E.L. Bartholomew
522 West Babcock __-_ c.1930-31 __c Craftsman Bungalow Multiple Builders --
523 West Babcock c.1911 c Craftsman Cottage E.L. Bartholomew
527 West Babcock c.1905 c Queen Anne Cottage
602 West Babcock c.1895 c Queen Anne
603 West Babcock c.1921 c Craftsman Bungalow David Anderson
608 West Babcock c.1911 c Craftsman Bungalow
401 West Olive µ.._ c.1916 c Craftsman Bungalow Ora E. Long
404 West Olive c.1909 p Craftsman High Style
405 West Olive c.1885 p Queen Anne/Colonial Revival
411 West Olive c.1890-91 p Colonial Revival
412 West Olive c.pre-1904 c Queen Anne Cottage
416 West Olive c.1904 c Colonial Revival Cottage
417 West Olive .-: _ c.1888 c Queen Anne Vernacular
421 West Olive c.1885 c Queen Anne
425 West Olive _ c.1 885 c Queen Anne Vernacular
429 West Olive 'c-.1891-1904 nc Remodelled
503 West Olive c.pre 1 891 -c Queen Anne Vernacular
505 West Olive c.1942 nc Post Bungalow L.F. Sievert
509 West Olive _c.1938 c Post Bungalow
510 West Olive c.1931 c Craftsman Cottage
515 West Olive. `,- - c.1904 p Colonial. Revival _.. .
.516 West Olive c.1904 c Colonial Revival
521 West Olive c.1905 p Queen Anne/Colonial Revival
522 West Olive c.1904 p Queen Anne/Colonial Revival
615 West Olive --- c.1912 c Craftsman Cottage A.J. Svorkmoe
619 West Olive - -c.1911 c Craftsman Bungalow Rube A. Young
311 West Curtiss c.1917 c Craftsman Cottage
401 West Curtiss c.1911 c Craftsman Bungalow Rube A. Young
404 West Curtiss c.1905 c Queen Anne Cottage
407 West Curtiss c.1910 c Colonial Revival Fred Willson
J 410 West Curtiss c.1925 ne Craftsman Cottage, altered
411 West Curtiss c.1911 _ . c _Craftsman Bungalow Rube A. Young r
41.4 West Curtiss c.1930 c Picturesque:Craftsman
415 West Curtiss c.1905 c Queen Anne Cottage
a� C�AqS '
_Wf F&M to-Ow-a
United States Department of the Interior - - _
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Section number
8 Page - 81 Cooper Park Historic District
418 West Curtiss c.1917 c Craftsman Bungalow E.L. Bartholomew .
419 West Curtiss c.1905 c Queen Anne Cottage
420 West Curtiss c.1911 p Colonial Revival E.L. Bartholomew
423 West Curtiss c.1905 c Queen Anne Cottage
427 West Curtiss c.1905 c Queen Anne Cottage
513 West Curtiss c.1932 c Craftsman Cottage
704 West Curtiss c.1900 c. Classical Cottage
401 West Koch c.1910 c Classical Cottage ,
402 West Koch c.1919 c _ _ Craftsman Bungalow
407 West Koch c.1910 c Colonial Revival
408 West Koch c.1925 c Cape Wm. L.Smith -
411 West Koch c.1910 c Neo-Classical/Shingle
412 West Koch c.1932 c Cape Wm. L. Smith
416 West Koch c.1919 - c Craftsman Cottage -
417 West Koch c.1910 c Craftsman Bungalow
420 West Koch c.1910 p Craftsman Bungalow
421 West Koch c.1914 c Four-Square John Hartman
426 West Koch c.1909 c Classical Cottage
517 West Koch c.1919 c Colonial Revival Cottage Fred Willson
510 West Koch c.l 890 c Queen Anne Cottage
615 West Koch -- - - '1959 - nc - Ranch -
703 West Koch c.1930 p Tudor Revival
709 West Koch 1941 r nc Neo-Colonial -
715 West Koch c.191 8 c Craftsman Bungalow
721 West Koch c.1900 c Queen Anne
401 West Story c.1900 nc Queen Anne Cottage, altered
404 West Story c.1900 nc Queen Anne Cottage, altered
407 West Story -c.1900 c Classical Cottage, altered
410 West Story c.1930 c - Craftsman Bungalow L.F. Sievert
411 West Story - c.1900 _c -__. Queen Anne Cottage
_ 412 West Story __ c.1923 _ _ = c Craftsman Bungalow -
-417 West Story c.1900 c Queen Anne Cottage
418 West Story c.1919 c - Craftsman Bungalow L.F. Sievert
421 West Story c.1900 c Queen Anne Cottage
422 West Story -c.1923 c Craftsman Cottage
426 West Story c.1909 _ c Four-Square
427 West Story c.1905 c Four-Square
501 West Story c.1904 c Queen Anne Cottage
502 West Story c.1930 c Craftsman Bungalow
506 West Story c.1931 c Craftsman Bungalow L.F. Sievert
510 West Story c.1930 nc • Craftsman Bungalow
602 West Story c.1914 - p Craftsman Bungalow Fred Willson
612 West Story 1932 c Georgian Revival Fred Willson
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United States Department of the interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Cooper Park Historic District
Section number 8 Page K -
616 West Story 1932 p Neo-Chateausque Fred Willson
710 West Story 1958 nc Garage House Fred Willson
510 Dickerson 1935 c Craftsman Bungalow L.F. Sievert
614 Dickerson 1927 c Craftsman Cottage
619 Dickerson 1937 c Picturesque: Cape
508 W. Alderson 1935 c Vernacular
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