HomeMy WebLinkAbout09-13-12, Study update Impact Fee Advisory Committee memo
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CITY OF BOZEMAN
DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Alfred M. Stiff Professional Building
20 East Olive Street
P.O. Box 1230
Bozeman, Montana 59771-1230
phone 406-582-2260
fax 406-582-2263
planning@bozeman.net
www.bozeman.net
TO: IMPACT FEE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
FROM: CHRIS SAUNDERS
RE: UPDATES TO IMPACT FEE STUDIES PUBLIC HEARING
DATE: SEPTEMBER 13, 2012
The IFAC met on August 16th with the consultant to receive their reports and conduct a public hearing
on the reports. During the Committee discussion several questions were raised. After consideration of
the issues the following information is provided.
Water Impact Fee
1) Is redevelopment/infill charged the distribution portion of the impact fee?
a. Sites not previously developed: The property that has not had water/sewer service during
the time when impact fees were in place (March 26, 1996 to now). These should pay the
distribution/collection charge as they are new demand and will require additional
capacity to serve them. As the system is a whole, the funds can be legitimately used to
extend the major items like the West Transmission Loop which will benefit them.
b. Redevelopment/further development of sites which had service after March 26, 1996:
These have paid for needed service capacity expansion in fees paid earlier, either impact
or monthly. The calculations for impact fees do not require exacting precision and often
must be generalized due to their future oriented nature. The City also acts to create
additional capacity in its distribution and collection systems as part of the regular and on-
going maintenance of the system, especially in the older areas of the City. These two
factors together provide some flexibility in considering how to treat redevelopment
projects.
The City has adopted a standard for the provision of water rights with new development.
Unlike impact fees, this is often met during the subdivision or site development process.
If a project creates additional demand that meets or exceeds an additional acre-foot of
water they have to mitigate this additional demand for service. In Bozeman an acre-foot
generally provides for about 3 homes over the course of a year. To keep consistency and
to allow for some incremental changes within the developed area the need to pay
distribution/collection charges should be linked to this same kind of trigger. This
recognizes the variability inherent in averaging and the incremental capacity
improvements from maintenance work. If you don’t need an additional acre foot then no
distribution/collection area fee. Costs would be charged for the additional dwellings or
meter size per normal.
c. Phased multi-building development: It would be inappropriate to charge each part of a
multi-unit complex the full fee for the distribution/collection systems. Therefore, the
costs will be prorated. Example: A site plan on 2 acres with ten duplexes is proposed. As
each duplex comes in for building permit they would be charged 1/10th of the overall
distribution/collection cost component for the project. This may be infill or Greenfield.
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2) If so, what is the trigger for doing so? See explanation above.
3) How are public parks handled? The area of the city dedicated to public parks has been removed
from the calculation for the future area served. This only applies to the distribution component.
Development within the park will still directly pay the plant capacity costs attributable to the
meter size installed.
Sewer Impact Fee
The same questions and answers that were asked for water also apply to sewer services.
Fire Impact Fee
1) Are we currently at capacity to respond to service calls from our existing stations based on the
number of calls? Conversation with the Fire Chief indicates that we are seeing instances of all
three stations concurrently deployed on a more frequent basis. When all three stations are not
concurrently deployed we have further capability to respond to calls. As Bozeman continues to
grow we will be at capacity more and more often. We currently can handle the number of calls
we are receiving on an average daily basis. This is a difficult question to answer because the
type of call has to be considered. For instance, we can handle three EMS calls at the same time
but only 1 significant structure fire at a time.
Transportation Impact Fee
1) What is the maximum size of collector streets in the long range transportation plan? The
maximum lane configuration for an urban collector street in the transportation plan is three
vehicle lanes (including center turn lane) and two bike lanes.
2) Example calculation for intersections:
James Nickleson looked at the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) and the Bozeman
Transportation Plan to get some generic information on the capacity of various intersection
control methods. These are standard reference works for traffic engineering in Bozeman The
HCM is a very simplistic look at the capacity of intersections as the geometry of the intersection,
the type of vehicles using the intersection, the amount of turns and the amount of traffic on the
minor vs. major street all have significant impacts on intersection capacity.
Based on the Highway Capacity Manual concept level information both a 2 way stop controlled
and a 4 way stop controlled one lane intersection have a capacity of about 1,000 vehicles per
hour to maintain a Level of Service of D. Level of Service D is just above failure. Level of
Service C is the established standard for function in Bozeman. A lesser standard may be accepted
if the intersection is already built to its maximum lane configuration.
Again, based on the Highway Capacity Manual, a traffic signal on a single lane intersection with
left hand turn bays can accommodate approximately 3,000 vehicles per hour to maintain a Level
of Service of D.
The Bozeman Transportation Plan provides a discussion of roundabouts and states that a single
lane roundabout has a capacity of 15,000 to 20,000 vehicles per day. Based on an estimate of
peak hour conditions this converts to 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles per hour.
This at least provides a rough approximation of intersection capacity for these four scenarios.
Actual analysis for impact fee funding eligibility will occur on a case by case basis to account for
the peculiar characteristics of each intersection and the work proposed to occur.
Brian Heaston looked at the traffic analysis for the intersection of Durston Road and N. 15th
Avenue done in 2004 prior to signalization.
Durston/15th
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• Pre-improvement design capacity:
o Major legs (Durston) – 2080 vehicles per hour
o Minor legs (15th) – 352 vehicles per hour
• Post-improvement design capacity:
o Major legs – 1771 vehicles per hour
o Minor legs – 480 vehicles per hour
The intersection as a whole has less overall capacity as measured by total vehicles post-
improvement because the major (Oak Street) legs became controlled which lessened the
maximum number of cars that could go through in a given time period. Focusing the capacity
analysis on the minor (North 15th Avenue) legs shows a 36% capacity increase. This is
reasonable as the improvement was needed to add capacity to the minor legs as they were the
ones with failing level of service.
This example illustrates that capacity as measured by numbers of vehicles may be more effective
for travel lanes; while level of service measured by delay and functionality may be a more
effective measure for intersections. Intersections are the true limiting factor on most streets. A
two lane road with continuous traffic flow of one vehicle every three seconds would carry 57,600
cars per day. This will not happen since the traveling public does not use transportation evenly
throughout the day. It also won’t happen within an urban environment since the roadway would
intersect with other streets and traffic flow must stop to enable traffic from the other street to
cross. It is essential to properly match the measurement used to the type of work needed. Any
design has a limited service life and reflects the expected growth in an area. If the growth pattern
is different the work may provide service to a greater number of travelers than otherwise
expected at the time of the design work.
Impact Fee Study: The purpose of the impact fee study is to identify that portion of the cost of capacity
expansion in the service system needed to serve new or more intensive users which is above and beyond
the minimum allowed infrastructure. Another way of describing this is with the equation:
Total Service Capital Required = Maintenance Capital + Minimum Standard Capital + System
Capacity Expanding Capital
Only the equation factor shown in bold, System Capacity Expanding Capital, can be included in the
calculation to set the impact fee charge, and is reciprocally the only one of the three segments on which
the collected impact fees can be spent. Other money has to pay for the remaining portions of capital
need. Impact fees may not pay for any operational or maintenance expenses and all such charges are
excluded. The impact fee studies separate out these elements to only include the System Capacity
Expanding Capital in setting the costs.
The fee studies do not alone determine the amount that will be collected as an impact fee. The studies set
an upper maximum limit that can be legally defended. They do not determine the mix of funding options
which the City may choose to use to collectively pay for the identified costs. This determination of mix
of options is the responsibility of the City Commission. Discussion of that mix will be had with the
Commission in the future.
Process: The Impact Fee Advisory Committee held a public hearing on August 16th and will be
continuing that public hearing on September 13th. At the August 16th hearing, Dwayne Guthrie of
TischlerBise presented the four updated study drafts. The Committee will be able to receive any
additional public testimony which is offered. Any written comments received by the Planning
Department will also be made available to the Committee. After the close of the public comment portion
the Committee can discuss the draft studies and ask questions of the staff and consultant. Depending on
the amount of public comment and questions the public hearing can be continued to a subsequent
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meeting to enable full discussion of the matter. At the conclusion of the discussion the Committee will
need to make a motion and recommendation to the City Commission on the drafts. In order to focus
discussion and help keep the minutes of the meeting clear, staff requests that each of the four drafts
receive its own motion and vote. After the Committee has acted on the drafts, the public hearing will be
scheduled and noticed for action by the City Commission.