HomeMy WebLinkAboutVandalism and Graffiti in the City of Bozeman=
Commission Memorandum
REPORT TO: Honorable Mayor and City Commission
FROM: Brit Fontenot, Assistant to the City Manager
SUBJECT: Vandalism and Graffiti in the City of Bozeman
MEETING DATE: January 28, 2008
RECOMMENDATIONS:
1) Listen to brief presentations regarding vandalism and graffiti from the following staff
perspectives:
a) Bozeman Police Department
b) Parks
c) Facilities
d) Neighborhoods
(2) Consider creating and staffing a Vandalism and Graffiti Task Force consisting of one
staff liaison, one representative of the Downtown Partnership, one representative of the
Bozeman Police Department, one representative of the local business community, one
representative of the INC and one representative of the Bozeman School District to direct
and perform public outreach and education, study possible mitigation measures and long-
term solutions and make future recommendations to the City Commission.
(3) Consider authorizing departmental allocation of funds through the appropriate
budgetary process to create and implement an aggressive, city-wide program focusing on
deterrents such as cameras and/or the planting of appropriate shrubbery and the purchase
of supplies and materials to aid in rapid abatement of vandalism and graffiti in and on
public property.
BACKGROUND:
Vandalism and graffiti continue to cost the taxpayers of Bozeman thousands of dollars a
year in repair, abatement costs and FTE time spent repairing, repainting and cleaning public
property. Unabated vandalism and graffiti sends a message that the community is not concerned
about the appearance of its business districts and neighborhoods. These acts generate
neighborhood fear and instability, signal an increase in crime, lower property values, hurt
business revenue, are economically detrimental to the City, and are signs of urban decay.
In an effort to educate and increase public awareness and support, staff has conducted at
least two public service announcements on the effects of vandalism and graffiti in the City of
22
2
Bozeman. Additionally, the City has partnered with the Gallatin Association of Realtors (GAR)
to increase exposure and outreach. In the summer of 2007, GAR launched a two-week property
crime awareness program which included the production of two, 30-second radio public service
announcements designed to raise awareness of this problem. In the spring of 2008, the
Downtown Bozeman Partnership will launch a new program called the Downtown Bozeman
Graffiti Removal Project to address the growing problem of vandalism, tagging, and graffiti in
the Downtown area. Graffiti removal programs have been successfully adopted everywhere
from New York City to Portland to Billings.
The National Crime Prevention Council reports that studies have determined that if
vandalism and graffiti is repaired or removed within 24 – 48 hours, there is little recurrence.
This early removal will prevent vandals from receiving the recognition they desire. By repairing
vandalism and covering graffiti as soon as possible, the vandal is deprived of the effort and time
it took to vandalize or tag property.
The Commission has stated, on numerous occasions, that vandalism and graffiti is
unacceptable. Through Commission action and commitment to programs focused on deterrent
and abatement as well as information, education and outreach the Commission delivers the
community-wide message that “vandalism and graffiti will not be tolerated in our City”.
ALTERNATIVES: As suggested by the City Commission.
FISCAL EFFECTS: Currently undetermined.
Respectfully submitted,
____________________________________ ____________________________
Brit Fontenot, Assistant to the City Manager Chris A. Kukulski, City Manager
23
Entire drinking fountain at Bozeman pond was knockedoff the wall. The repairrequired retrofitting newpipes which was very costly.Vault vandalismat East Gallatin Recreation Area24
Here’s an example of what happens in our City’s parks on a regular basis.Vandals set the East Gallatin Park vault toilets on fire 4 times last summer. The last time vandals struck, the heat generated from the firemelted the toilet.25
26
27
28
29
Downtown Bozeman Graffiti Removal Project
Downtown Business Improvement District
Bozeman Montana
Statement of Objective
Bozeman is fortunate to have a very vital downtown area, something that seems
increasingly rare on the American urban landscape. The rising level of graffiti
vandalism in our downtown is an eyesore that threatens the vivacity of downtown and is
an affront to our entire community. A recent survey counted over 180 separate tags in
the downtown district. The downtown Bozeman graffiti removal project will eliminate the
existing graphic vandalism afflicting the historic district in a concerted weekend-long
community effort.
This graffiti removal project will also serve as the catalyst for the Business
Improvement District’s new Graffiti Removal Program, an annually funded program that
will clean-up all reoccurring vandalism free of charge. The annual program, beginning
in 2008, will operate on the premise that prompt removal of graffiti is the most effective
deterrent.
Description
The majority of the graffiti in downtown Bozeman exists in the alleyways
paralleling historic Main Street. Recently, some vandals have tagged the front of Main
Street buildings—a disturbing trend. Some instances of graffiti are located on the
second level exterior walls of buildings.
- 1 -
30
The downtown Bozeman graffiti removal project will dispel the current paradigm
that graffiti is apathetically accepted in downtown Bozeman. The project will set a new
standard that graphic vandalism will no longer be tolerated, and therefore,
systematically removed. This message will be well publicized serving as a part of a
larger community education effort.
The primary activities of the grant-supported removal project will include: 1) a
massive clean-up of existing graffiti from a variety of surfaces; 2) a paint-brush mural on
one of Bozeman’s historic buildings; and 3) a media campaign publicizing the graffiti
problem and removal project.
If awarded, the grant monies will primarily fund the purchase of materials
including painting supplies, graffiti cleaning products, and the rental of several pressure
washers. The grant would also support any costs associated with advertising the
project, although in-kind publicity will be requested.
Partnerships
The downtown Bozeman Business Improvement District (BID) will be the primary
project sponsor. The BID represents the interests of over 150 downtown property
owners whose buildings have been vandalized and therefore, enthusiastically support
this effort. The BID will seek partnerships with the Montana Conservation Corps and
AmeriCorps as the community-base volunteer component of the project. Another
exciting partnership will be with Artsplot, an artistic workshop that administers an
extensive K-12 art program which would allow the project to involve children of all ages.
The project’s government partner will be the City of Bozeman, in particular the
- 2 -
31
Department of Planning and Community Development, which will provide a wide-range
of assistance.
Measurement
Digital photos will be taken before and after the removal of each tag to document
the project. Subsequent photo documentation will be taken every three months
throughout the downtown district.
A comprehensive graffiti removal log will document reoccurrences ultimately identifying
problem areas. The log will record the number and location of tags, the types of
surfaces damaged, the methods of removal, and the hours of labor invested.
Communications
The downtown Bozeman graffiti removal project will be featured in numerous
print publications including: The Bozeman Daily Chronicle (daily circulation 16,000), the
Tributary (area alternative paper with a monthly distribution of 7,000 copies), the Big
Sky Sun newspaper (weekly circulation 6,000). The project will also be publicized in the
Downtown Bozeman Partnership newsletter which is sent to over 500 members of the
community.
- 3 -
32
EXAMPLES OF GRAFFITI IN DOWNTOWN BOZEMAN MONTANA
Multiple-layer of spray paint on brick buildings along an alley
- 4 -
33
Typical marker and spray paint tags on metal surfaces in Downtown Bozeman
Spray paint tag on concrete surface
- 5 -
34
Extensive graffiti on concrete walls of underground parking level
- 6 -
35
Downtown Bozeman Partnership
Business Improvement District
GRAFFITI REMOVAL PROGRAM
The Graffiti Removal Program is a new initiative of the downtown Business Improvement District
[BID] to address the growing problem of vandalism, tagging, and graffiti. Preventing vandalism
is difficult at best. The costs associated with patrolling downtown or instituting sophisticated
surveillance systems are prohibitive and quite often ineffective. Graffiti removal programs have
been successfully adopted everywhere from New York City to Portland to Billings.
Initially, the BID Graffiti Removal Project will concentrate on cleaning the existing
tags during an organized comprehensive graffiti cleaning event tentatively scheduled for
late April or early May of 2008.
Once the initial clean-up has been completed, property owners, merchants, and residents may
submit a Graffiti Removal Request Form or call the Downtown Bozeman Partnership at 586-
4008 to report new graffiti on their property. The graffiti removal service will be performed by
the BID Graffiti Removal Team at no charge within the Business Improvement District. If a
particular location is frequently targeted by taggers, the BID encourages property owners,
merchants, and residents to remove the graffiti themselves.
Possible volunteer resources: members of the downtown community (for the continual small
jobs), MSU groups (planned medium sized jobs), Montana Conservation Corps (for a large-
scale initial clean-up effort).
The most effective way to prevent graffiti is to remove it promptly. While this may be difficult,
studies show that removal within 24 to 48 hours results in a nearly zero rate of reoccurrence.
All vandalism should be cleaned or covered as soon as possible for several reasons:
• Most types of paint and ink are easier to remove when it is fresh.
• Immediate removal provides the vandal with little to no exposure time.
• While true that the vandalism may reoccur if provided with a clean slate, the constant
cost of supplies and risk posed by re-tagging is an important deterrent.
Depending on the type of structure, there are generally three methods of removing graffiti:
• For painted cinderblock and concrete walls the team will use paint and try to match
the existing color as closely as possible.
• High-pressure water will be used to clean unpainted porous surfaces such as brick,
curbs, sidewalks, and cinderblock.
• Chemical removal is used on metal surfaces such as light poles, street signs, traffic
control boxes and utility boxes.
Graffiti removal work will be done by the BID maintenance staff and volunteers. The BID owns
a high-pressure power washer. Supplies [paint, brushes, rollers, solvents, rags] will be provided
by the BID and through donations by downtown businesses.
36
Detailed Graffiti Treatment Guidelines
Metal Surfaces:
• With a rag, emove graffiti with any common paint thinner (ex: mineral spirits, lacquer
thinner, acetone), or try graffiti removal products such as "Goof Off." Sometimes wiping
the graffiti with light penetrating oil such as "WD-40" or "Three-in-One" will remove it.
o Always read product labels and follow all manufacturer instructions and
recommendations. Most of the products identified above are flammable. It is
recommended that each product is tested on a small, conspicuous spot.
• If graffiti remains, try to remove it by rubbing with steel or bronze wool, or light
sandpaper.
• If graffiti still remains, try power-washing it with a 3000psi pressure washer.
• If none of these methods work, paint over the graffiti.
Masonry Surfaces:
• The best option for this type of surface is to power-wash the graffiti with a 3000psi-
pressure washer. Use a tip that will deliver a fan angle of 15-50 degrees.
• Sand-blasting is another removal option. As with pressure washing, be careful not to
allow the sandblasting tip to remain in one spot too long as it can permanently scar the
surface. Keep the tip moving over the painted area and the surrounding area so as to
blend in the entire surface.
• If power-washing or sand-blasting does not remove the graffiti, the next best option is to
paint over the graffiti.
Glass Surfaces:
• The best method for removing painted graffiti from glass is to use a razor blade to
carefully scrape it off. This method is 99% effective. Use the razor blade in a holder and
scrape at a 30-degree angle to the glass.
• If the paint does not come completely off after using the razor blade, use ultra-fine bronze
wool with water to gently rub the remaining paint off.
• You can use paint thinners on glass, however the razor blade method is much quicker
and more environmentally friendly.
Wood Surfaces:
• If the wood is not weathered and is sealed with paint, stain or sealer, try to remove it by
wiping it with mineral spirits. If the wood is weathered or untreated, do not use this
technique, as the mineral spirits will be absorbed by the wood, driving the paint further
down into the wood.
• Power washing with a 3000psi pressure washer can be used, however, proceed carefully
to make sure the pressure is not driving the paint deeper into the wood grain.
• If these methods do not work, sand the wood and re-paint or simply paint over the graffiti.
37
Plastic Surfaces:
• Try wiping graffiti with a light, penetrating oil such as "WD-40" or "Three-in-One." Do not
use paint thinners as they can soften the plastic and can cause clouding (if clear plastic)
or permanent tackiness of the surface.
• Sometimes a light rubbing with ultra-fine steel or bronze wool will remove the paint.
• If these methods don not remove the graffiti, paint over it.
Possible material and supplies sources:
Charlie Finch
Charlie’s Healthie Paints 209-1919
Charlie is putting a “green” protective coat over the Heeb’s mural and supplying Heebs with
“green” graffiti cleaning supplies
Urban Restoration Group
“World’s Best Graffiti Removal System” www.graffitiremovers.biz
Adam Kopcho 805-969-2688
For additional information:
Graffiti Hurts www.graffitihurts.org/community_resources/removal.cfm
National Park Service Graffiti removal guide www.cr.nps.gov/hps/tps/briefs/brief38.htm
Downtown Business Improvement District
Chris Naumann, Executive Director
224 East Main Street
Bozeman MT 59715
406-586-4008
38