HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-15-26 Study Commission Agenda and Packet MaterialsA. Call to Order with Pledge of Allegiance and Moment of Silence - 4:00 PM, Commission Room,
City Hall, 121 North Rouse
B. Changes to the Agenda
C. Public Comment on Anything within the Jurisdiction of the Study Commission
THE STUDY COMMISSION OF BOZEMAN, MONTANA
SC AGENDA
Thursday, January 15, 2026
How to Participate:
If you are interested in commenting in writing on items on the agenda please send an email
to govreview@bozeman.net prior to 12:00 p.m. on the day of the meeting. At the direction of the
Study Commission, anonymous public comments are not distributed to the Study Commission.
Public comments will also be accepted in-person and through video conference during the appropriate
agenda items but you may only comment once per item.
As always, the meeting will be recorded and streamed through the Meeting Videos and available in the
City on cable channel 190.
For more information please contact Ex Officio, Mike Maas, 406.582.2321, or visit bozemanstudy.com.
This meeting will be held both in-person and also using an online video conferencing system. You
can join this meeting:
Via Video Conference:
Click the Register link, enter the required information, and click submit.
Click Join Now to enter the meeting.
Via Phone: This is for listening only if you cannot watch the stream, channel 190, or attend in-
person
United States Toll
+1 669 900 9128
Access code: 951 6442 0347
This is the time to comment on any matter falling within the scope of the Bozeman Study
Commission. There will also be time in conjunction with each agenda item for public comment
relating to that item but you may only speak once per topic. Please note, the Study Commission
cannot take action on any item which does not appear on the agenda. All persons addressing the
Study Commission shall speak in a civil and courteous manner and members of the audience shall
be respectful of others. Please state your name, and state whether you are a resident of the city
or a property owner within the city in an audible tone of voice for the record and limit your
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D. Consent Agenda
D.1 Study Commission Claims Review and Approval(Maas)
E. Correspondence or Study Commission Update
F. Unfinished Business
F.1 Determine Who Will Draft the City Study Commission Report
G. New Business
G.1 Working Ventures: Communication Action Plan(Working Ventures)
G.2 Learning Session on the Governing Body: Size, Terms, Duties/Roles/Function; Mayor
System. Other elected offices?(Clark)
H. Future Agenda Items
I. Public Comment on Anything within the Jurisdiction of the Study Commission
J. Announcements
K. Adjournment
comments to three minutes.
Written comments can be located in the Public Comment Repository.
Consider the Motion: I move to approve payment of claims as presented.
Communication action plan with City as a partner, Employee survey update, Commissioner Survey,
and Advisory Board Survey – get input from Study Commission and determination of next steps
Receive information from the Local Government Center
Reference Materials
Study Commission Bylaws
Study Commission Resources
Study Commission meetings are open to all members of the public. If you have a disability that
requires assistance, please contact the City of Bozeman's ADA Coordinator, David Arnado, at
406.582.3232.
Study Commission meetings are televised live on cable channel 190 and streamed live on our
Meeting Videos Page.
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Memorandum
REPORT TO:Study Commission
FROM:Caeleb Heinen, Recording Secretary
Mike Maas, Ex Officio
SUBJECT:Study Commission Claims Review and Approval
MEETING DATE:January 15, 2026
AGENDA ITEM TYPE:Finance
RECOMMENDATION:Consider the Motion: I move to approve payment of claims as presented.
STRATEGIC PLAN:7.5. Funding and Delivery of City Services: Use equitable and sustainable
sources of funding for appropriate City services, and deliver them in a lean
and efficient manner.
BACKGROUND:Study Commission claims for approval prior to payment by Ex Officio from
the approved Study Commission Budget.
Budget Tracking
UNRESOLVED ISSUES:None
ALTERNATIVES:The Study Commission could decide not to approve these claims or a portion
of the claims presented. This alternative is not recommended as it may
result in unbudgeted late fees assessed.
FISCAL EFFECTS:$3900
Attachments:
BCSC Invoice #4 (December 2025) - Invoice.pdf
Report compiled on: January 7, 2026
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Working Ventures
2215 S 86th Street
Omaha, NE, 68124
EIN: 99-1074520
Invoice
Submitted on 01.03.2026
Invoice for Payable to Invoice #
Bozeman City Study Commission Working Ventures LLC 26-1001
Project Due date
Communications Strategist 2/3/2026
Description Qty Unit price Total price
Study Commission Communications Strategist - December 2025 1 $3,900.00 $3,900.00
Amount previously invoiced $15,600 $0.00
Amount previously received $11,700 $0.00
Amount yet to be invoiced $27,300 $0.00
Notes: Invoice 1 of 1 Subtotal $3,900.00
Services include: contractual related work for December 2025 Comm Strategist Adjustments $0.00
Note Previous invoice was submitted for Aug-Nov 2025 $3,900.00
Invoices will be submitted monthly in the amount of $3,900 per month or 1/12 the cost of the overall project ($46,800)
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Memorandum
REPORT TO:Study Commission
SUBJECT:Determine Who Will Draft the City Study Commission Report
MEETING DATE:January 15, 2026
AGENDA ITEM TYPE:Citizen Advisory Board/Commission
RECOMMENDATION:Consider the Motion: I move to appoint ____ and ____ to draft the City
Study Commission Report.
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Memorandum
REPORT TO:Study Commission
FROM:Caeleb Heinen, Recording Secretary
Mike Maas, Ex Officio
Working Ventures
SUBJECT:Working Ventures: Communication Action Plan
MEETING DATE:January 15, 2026
AGENDA ITEM TYPE:Citizen Advisory Board/Commission
RECOMMENDATION:Communication action plan with City as a partner, Employee survey update,
Commissioner Survey, and Advisory Board Survey – get input from Study
Commission and determination of next steps
STRATEGIC PLAN:1.2 Community Engagement: Broaden and deepen engagement of the
community in city government, innovating methods for inviting input from
the community and stakeholders.
BACKGROUND:a. Employee survey
b. Commissioner Survey
c. Advisory Survey
d. Community Survey results report
UNRESOLVED ISSUES:None identified
ALTERNATIVES:As per City Study Commission
FISCAL EFFECTS:TBD
Attachments:
Employee Survey Initial Efforts.pdf
BCSC - Commissioner Survey.pdf
BCSC - Boards and Councils.pdf
Community Survey Results.pdf
Report compiled on: January 7, 2026
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PUBLIC ELECTION OF STUDY COMMISSION
BROAD FEEDBACK ON CHARTER TOPICS
NARROW FOCUS TO INTEREST AREAS
EDUCATION & INPUT ON INTEREST AREAS
DRAFT UPDATED CHARTER LANGUAGE
PUBLIC VOTE TO APPROVE
UPDATED CHARTER
Of the 104 responses (as of 1/9), the following data points
Employment length:
Less than 5 years (37)
5-10 years (27)
more than 10 years (32)
Work Categories:
Infrastructure and Utilities (29.7%)
Community and Resident Service (15.4%)
Public Safety (14.3%)
Internal Administration (16.5%)
Planning and Development (15.4%)
Other (8.8%)
Residency
Live within the city limits (55)
Live outside the city limits (41)
EMPLOYEE SURVEY (INITIAL UPDATES)
1
The Employee Survey has been launched. and
sent to all City of Bozemen employees.
Items of interest include:
:
The survey was sent to all City employees on
January 5th.
104 responses as of the morning of January
9th.
A reminder email will be sent out on January
12th.
Working Ventures will present detailed
findings in these areas at the January 15
Commission Meeting:
th
PROCESS UPDATE
INITIAL SURVEY DATA OVERVIEW
PROCESS OVERVIEW
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LOCAL GOVERNMENT COMMISSION SURVEY
WELCOME NOTE
The purpose of this survey is to gather feedback from current and former members of the Bozeman City Commission on
the processes and structure of the City’s local government during your time in office. This survey includes 28 questions
and should take approximately 10 minutes or less to complete. Your feedback will be used to better understand
governance experiences from an elected official perspective and to identify what changes may be helpful for the City in
the future. When responding, please focus on the roles, responsibilities, and structure of city leadership positions, rather
than the individuals currently serving in those roles or specific personalities from your time in office.
This Bozeman City Study Commission survey is part of a two-year study to learn what has worked well, what has been
challenging, and what ideas could improve the City’s governance going forward. Your responses will be kept confidential
and reported only in aggregate to the Study Commission. If you have any questions about the survey, please email
govreview@bozeman.net.
We appreciate your time and feedback!
SURVEY QUESTIONS
Welcome to the Bozeman City Study Commission Local Government Survey!
1. What are the top 2 words you would use to describe the current structure of the City of Bozeman’s local government?
________________________
________________________
2. I believe the current government structure enables clear roles, responsibilities, and reporting lines for city employees.
(select one)
______Strongly Disagree
______Disagree
______Neutral
______Agree
______Strongly Agree
3. I am confident in the current structure of city government in Bozeman. (select one)
______Strongly Disagree
______Disagree
______Neutral
______Agree
______Strongly Agree
4. When you think about how you want the City of Bozeman to function going forward, please rank your top 3 priorities.
(select up to 3)
_______Transparent leadership
_______Accountable leadership
_______Democratic representation
_______Fiscally-responsible model of government
_______Efficient administration
_______Responsive administration
_______Stable administration
_______Visible leaders
_______Term-limited leaders
_______Other (Write-In) ____________
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Mayor & City Manager - We would like to know your opinions on a few different city leadership models.
The City of Bozeman’s 2025 Biennium budget appropriates $485.1 million over budget period and supports 557.7 full-
time equivalent employees.
Cities can be run in different ways. Two of the most common leadership models are:
Commission–Manager Model (what Bozeman uses now):
Voters elect a City Commission. The Commission chooses a City Manager, who is a trained professional. The
City Manager runs the daily operations of the city, such as carrying out the budget, hiring department heads,
and managing city staff. The Mayor is a member of the City Commission and serves a 4-year term, with the
first 2 years as Deputy Mayor prior to serving 2 years as Mayor. The Mayor has a limited administrative role,
leading meetings and representing the city at events, but does not directly run city departments.
Mayor–Executive Model:
The Mayor is directly in charge of city operations. In this model, the Mayor oversees staff, manages the
budget, and directs daily work of the city government. There may or may not be a City Manager in this model.
If there is no City Manager, the Mayor is the chief executive in charge of city operations. The Mayor is typically
elected for a 2-year or 4-year term by the residents of the community.
OPTIONAL MODEL: Mayor-Executive
City Commission
Voters
Mayor
Administrative Departments
CURRENT MODEL: Commission-Manager
Administrative Departments
City Commission
Voters
Mayor
City Manager
5. In your opinion, how involved should the Mayor be in daily city operations (such as managing staff, overseeing the
budget, and directing departments)? (select one)
______Executive Leader role
Mayor is elected separately, and directly manages city operations
______Legislative Leader role
Mayor leads commission meetings and represents the city, but does not run departments
______Hybrid Executive role
Mayor handles some executive tasks, but a City Manager still manages most daily operations
______Hybrid Legislative role
Mayor votes to break any ties in commission meetings, but does not manage day-to-day government
operations)
______No preference
.
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6. Should the city retain a professional City Manager to run daily operations? (select one)
______Yes, with full executive authority
City Manager runs all operations; Mayor is mostly legislatively focused
______Yes, but with reduced powers
City Manager handles some operations, while the Mayor takes on more authority
______No, the structure should allow the Mayor to hold all the executive authority
______Unsure
7. Would you support the idea of having additional city officials elected by voters (instead of appointed)? For example,
in some cities, positions such as City Clerk, City Treasurer, or City Attorney are elected. (select one)
______Yes, I would support electing more city officials
______No, I would prefer these positions remain appointed
______Not sure / Need more information
City Commission - Next, we are interested in your opinions regarding the City Commission structure.
Bozeman’s City Commission is elected based on who receives the most total votes through city-wide elections. The
Commissioners serve 4 years terms, with staggered elections. Alternatively, some cities elect commissioners using
districts or wards to ensure geographic representation from across the city.
CURRENT MODEL:
City-Wide Election
POTENTIAL MODEL:
Election by Geographic District
Dividing lines for demonstration purposes
only. Actual boundaries will vary.
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8. I believe Bozeman should prioritize geographic district-based representation rather than total city-wide votes for
commissioners. (select one)
______ Strongly Disagree
______ Disagree
______ Neutral
______ Agree
______Strongly Agree
9. If the city has district-based commissioners, which rule should apply? (select one)
______Commissioners must live in the district they represent, and only people in that district vote for them
______Commissioners do not need to live in the district, but are elected by voters in that district
______Commissioners must live in the district they represent, but are elected at-large.
______No preference
10. Do you think Bozeman should expand its City Commission beyond 5 members? (select one)
______Yes
______No
______Unsure
11. What do you think is the most appropriate number of City Commissioners to best represent Bozeman and why?
(short answer)
12. I believe the City Commission understands the day-to-day work of city employees. (select one)
______Strongly Disagree
______Disagree
______Neutral
______Agree
______Strongly Agree
Your Role as a City Commissioner - When answering the following questions, think about your time serving in the
capacity of a City Commissioner.
13. Approximately how many hours each week does it take you to do your work for the Commission? (short answer)
14. If you had more time, would it allow the quality of your work to improve? (single select)
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
15. Do you think the Commissioner position should be full-time? (single select)
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
16. Do you hold regular employment in addition to your role on City Commission? (single select)
_____Yes, full-time employment
_____Yes, part-time employment
_____No
_____Unsure
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17. Is your work on the Commission constrained by your regular employment? (single select)
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure or Not Applicable
18. If the position of CIty Commission were full-time, would you have been able to run for office? (single select)
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
19. Do you believe the Commissioners are getting a fair stipend for their work as a Commissioner?
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
20. Based on the role and responsibilities of a City Commissioner, what do you feel a fair annual stipend should be?
(short answer)
21. Do you understand the responsibilities of a Commissioner Liaison to Advisory Boards?
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
Advisory Boards and Neighborhood Councils - Many cities use groups like City Boards and Neighborhood Councils
to give residents a stronger voice in local government. These groups can provide advice to the City Commission,
represent neighborhood concerns, or have formal powers in decision-making. The following questions ask about
what role you think these boards should play in Bozeman.
22. What should be the main role of City Boards in Bozeman? (select one)
______Provide advice and recommendations to the City Commission, but not make final decisions
______Share community input and help shape policies, with limited decision-making power
______Have formal decision-making power, including the ability to approve or block certain actions
______Unsure
23. How much influence should City Boards have on city decisions? (select one)
______Advisory only (Commission may consider their input but makes all final decisions)
______Shared influence (Boards help set priorities and may have authority in certain areas)
______Strong influence (Boards can veto or block decisions made by the Commission)
______Unsure
24. What should be the main role of Neighborhood Councils in Bozeman? (select one)
______Provide advice and recommendations to the City Commission, but not make final decisions
______Share community input and help shape policies, with limited decision-making power
______Have formal decision-making power, including the ability to approve or block certain actions
______Unsure
25. How much influence should Neighborhood Councils have on city decisions? (select one)
______Advisory only (Commission may consider their input but makes all final decisions)
______Shared influence (Boards help set priorities and may have authority in certain areas)
______Strong influence (Boards can veto or block decisions made by the Commission)
______Unsure
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26. What changes in organizational or government structure would you recommend to improve City operations?
(short answer)
About Your Role and Experience
Your responses will be analyzed only in aggregate and will not be used to identify individual City Commissioners
27. How many total years have you held local elected office in Bozeman? (select one)
______less than 5 years
______5 to 10 years
______more than 10 years
28. Prior to becoming a City Commissioner, how many years did you serve in a volunteer capacity with a City Board
and/or a Neighborhood Advisory Council in Bozeman? (select one)
______less than 5 years
______5 to 10 years
______more than 10 years
Thank you for your participation in the Bozeman City Study Commission Survey. Your feedback will be used to
understand current resident needs and to propose future changes to continue to serve the people of Bozeman. We
appreciate your time and engagement. For additional information on this survey, future opportunities to participate,
and other resources from the Bozeman City Study Commission, please visit https://www.bozemanstudy.com.
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LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADVISORY BOARD SURVEY
WELCOME NOTE
The purpose of this survey is to gather feedback from current and former members of the Bozeman City Advisory
Boards on the processes and structure of the City’s local government during your time in office. This survey includes 28
questions and should take approximately 10 minutes or less to complete. Your feedback will be used to better
understand governance experiences from an elected official perspective and to identify what changes may be helpful for
the City in the future. When responding, please focus on the roles, responsibilities, and structure of city leadership
positions, rather than the individuals currently serving in those roles or specific personalities from your time in office.
This Bozeman City Study Commission survey is part of a two-year study to learn what has worked well, what has been
challenging, and what ideas could improve the City’s governance going forward. Your responses will be kept confidential
and reported only in aggregate to the Study Commission. If you have any questions about the survey, please email
govreview@bozeman.net.
We appreciate your time and feedback!
SURVEY QUESTIONS
Welcome to the Bozeman City Study Commission Local Government Survey!
1. What are the top 2 words you would use to describe the current structure of the City of Bozeman’s local government?
________________________
________________________
2. I believe the current government structure enables clear roles, responsibilities, and reporting lines for city employees.
(select one)
______Strongly Disagree
______Disagree
______Neutral
______Agree
______Strongly Agree
3. I am confident in the current structure of city government in Bozeman. (select one)
______Strongly Disagree
______Disagree
______Neutral
______Agree
______Strongly Agree
4. When you think about how you want the City of Bozeman to function going forward, please rankyour top 3 priorities.
(select up to 3)
_______Transparent leadership
_______Accountable leadership
_______Democratic representation
_______Fiscally-responsible model of government
_______Efficient administration
_______Responsive administration
_______Stable administration
_______Visible leaders
_______Term-limited leaders
_______Other (Write-In) ____________
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14
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Mayor & City Manager - We would like to know your opinions on a few different city leadership models.
The City of Bozeman’s 2025 Biennium budget appropriates $485.1 million over budget period and supports 557.7 full-
time equivalent employees.
Cities can be run in different ways. Two of the most common leadership models are:
Commission–Manager Model (what Bozeman uses now):
Voters elect a City Commission. The Commission chooses a City Manager, who is a trained professional. The
City Manager runs the daily operations of the city, such as carrying out the budget, hiring department heads,
and managing city staff. The Mayor is a member of the City Commission and serves a 4-year term, with the
first 2 years as Deputy Mayor prior to serving 2 years as Mayor. The Mayor has a limited administrative role,
leading meetings and representing the city at events, but does not directly run city departments.
Mayor–Executive Model:
The Mayor is directly in charge of city operations. In this model, the Mayor oversees staff, manages the
budget, and directs daily work of the city government. There may or may not be a City Manager in this model.
If there is no City Manager, the Mayor is the chief executive in charge of city operations. The Mayor is typically
elected for a 2-year or 4-year term by the residents of the community.
OPTIONAL MODEL: Mayor-Executive
City Commission
Voters
Mayor
Administrative Departments
CURRENT MODEL: Commission-Manager
Administrative Departments
City Commission
Voters
Mayor
City Manager
5. In your opinion, how involved should the Mayor be in daily city operations (such as managing staff, overseeing the
budget, and directing departments)? (select one)
______Executive Leader role
Mayor is elected separately, and directly manages city operations
______Legislative Leader role
Mayor leads commission meetings and represents the city, but does not run departments
______Hybrid Executive role
Mayor handles some executive tasks, but a City Manager still manages most daily operations
______Hybrid Legislative role
Mayor votes to break any ties in commission meetings, but does not manage day-to-day government
operations)
______No preference
.
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6. Should the city retain a professional City Manager to run daily operations? (select one)
______Yes, with full executive authority
City Manager runs all operations; Mayor is mostly legislatively focused
______Yes, but with reduced powers
City Manager handles some operations, while the Mayor takes on more authority
______No, the structure should allow the Mayor to hold all the executive authority
______Unsure
7. Would you support the idea of having additional city officials elected by voters (instead of appointed)? For example,
in some cities, positions such as City Clerk, City Treasurer, or City Attorney are elected. (select one)
______Yes, I would support electing more city officials
______No, I would prefer these positions remain appointed
______Not sure / Need more information
City Commission - Next, we are interested in your opinions regarding the City Commission structure.
Bozeman’s City Commission is elected based on who receives the most total votes through city-wide elections. The
Commissioners serve 4 years terms, with staggered elections. Alternatively, some cities elect commissioners using
districts or wards to ensure geographic representation from across the city.
CURRENT MODEL:
City-Wide Election
POTENTIAL MODEL:
Election by Geographic District
Dividing lines for demonstration purposes
only. Actual boundaries will vary.
16
8. I believe Bozeman should prioritize geographic district-based representation rather than total city-wide votes for
commissioners. (select one)
______ Strongly Disagree
______ Disagree
______ Neutral
______ Agree
______Strongly Agree
9. If the city has district-based commissioners, which rule should apply? (select one)
______Commissioners must live in the district they represent, and only people in that district vote for them
______Commissioners do not need to live in the district, but are elected by voters in that district
______Commissioners must live in the district they represent, but are elected at-large.
______No preference
10. Do you think Bozeman should expand its City Commission beyond 5 members? (select one)
______Yes
______No
______Unsure
Your Role as an Advisory City Board Member - When answering the following questions, think about your time
serving in the capacity of an Advisory Board Member.
11. Approximately how many hours each week does it take you to do your work for the board you serve on? (short
answer)
12. Do you feel your ideas are being listened to while serving on the board? (single select)
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
13. Are you being properly consulted for your knowledge and expertise while serving on the board? (single select)
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
14. Do you feel constrained in openly sharing ideas while serving on the board? (single select)
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
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15. Is the board you serve on specific enough in its scope to adequately utilize your knowledge and interests (single
select)
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
16. Is the scope and authority of the board you serve on (single select)
_____too narrow
_____too broad
_____just right
_____unsure
17. What recommendations would you provide to adjust the scope and authority of the board you serve on? (short
answer)
18. Should City Boards have term limits?
_____Yes
_____No
_____Unsure
19. If term limits were in place for serving on City Boards, how long should they be? (short answer)
Advisory Boards and Neighborhood Councils - Many cities use groups like City Boards and Neighborhood Councils
to give residents a stronger voice in local government. These groups can provide advice to the City Commission,
represent neighborhood concerns, or have formal powers in decision-making. The following questions ask about
what role you think these boards should play in Bozeman.
20. What should be the main role of City Boards in Bozeman? (select one)
______Provide advice and recommendations to the City Commission, but not make final decisions
______Share community input and help shape policies, with limited decision-making power
______Have formal decision-making power, including the ability to approve or block certain actions
______Unsure
21. How much influence should City Boards have on city decisions? (select one)
______Advisory only (Commission may consider their input but makes all final decisions)
______Shared influence (Boards help set priorities and may have authority in certain areas)
______Strong influence (Boards can veto or block decisions made by the Commission)
______Unsure
22. What should be the main role of Neighborhood Councils in Bozeman? (select one)
______Provide advice and recommendations to the City Commission, but not make final decisions
______Share community input and help shape policies, with limited decision-making power
______Have formal decision-making power, including the ability to approve or block certain actions
______Unsure
23. How much influence should Neighborhood Councils have on city decisions? (select one)
______Advisory only (Commission may consider their input but makes all final decisions)
______Shared influence (Boards help set priorities and may have authority in certain areas)
______Strong influence (Boards can veto or block decisions made by the Commission)
______Unsure
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24. What changes in organizational or government structure would you recommend to improve City operations?
(short answer)
About Your Role and Experience
Your responses will be analyzed only in aggregate and will not be used to identify individual City Commissioners
25. How many total years have you served on City Boards in Bozeman? (select one)
______less than 5 years
______5 to 10 years
______more than 10 years
26. How many total years have you lived in Bozeman? (select one)
______less than 5 years
______5 to 10 years
______more than 10 years
______Unsure or not applicable
27. Have you previously held elected office in the City of Bozeman? (select one)
______Yes
______No
______Unsure
28. Have you previously, or do you currently, work for the City of Bozeman? (select one)
______Yes
______No
______Unsure
Thank you for your participation in the Bozeman City Study Commission Survey. Your feedback will be used to
understand current resident needs and to propose future changes to continue to serve the people of Bozeman. We
appreciate your time and engagement. For additional information on this survey, future opportunities to participate,
and other resources from the Bozeman City Study Commission, please visit https://www.bozemanstudy.com.
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1
LIFTING ALL VOICES
FOR LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
Engaging Bozeman in a
transparent, inclusive, compliant
study of local government structure
Survey Results Review | Dec 4, 2025
City of Bozeman, MT
20
Strongly
Disagree Strongly
Agree
Average 18-64 years 65+ years
1 2 3 4 5
bout local government issues in Bozeman.
who leads and makes decisions for our city.
t structure of city government in Bozeman.
I stay informed about localgovernment issues in Bozeman.
I understand who leads andmakes decisions for our city.
I am confident in the currentstructure of city government inBozeman.
2
CURRENT STATE PERCEPTIONS
RESPONDENTS FEEL INFORMED ABOUT THE CITY, BUT HAVE LOWER CONFIDENCE AND MIXED PERCPETIONS OF STRUCTURE
Current State Word Cloud Survey respondents provided the topwords they would use to describe thecurrent structure of local government.
Understanding & AttitudesSurvey respondents rated items on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5(strongly agree). Working age (18-64; n=299) respondents generally had morepositive perceptions than did older (65+; n=163) respondents.
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3
LEADERSHIP PRIORITIES
TOP PRIORITIES INCLUDE ACCOUNTABILITY, TRANSPARENCY, RESPONSIVENESS, FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY & DEMOCRACY
Leadership PrioritiesSurvey respondents voted on theirtop 3 priorities for how they wantthe City of Bozeman leadership tofunction going forward.
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Accountable Leadership
Transparent Leadership
Responsive Administration
Fiscally-Responsible Model of Government
Democratic Representation
Efficient Administration
Stable Administration
Term-Limited Leaders
Visible Leaders
Other
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MAYOR INVOLVEMENTSurvey respondents selected howinvolved the mayor should be in dailycity operations.
4
CITY MANAGER ROLE Survey respondents selected whetherthe city should retain a professionalcity manager.
MAYOR & CITY MANAGER FEEDBACK
PUBLIC WANTS GREATER OVERSIGHT AND BALANCE OF POWERS, GENERALLY SUPPORTING A HYBRID EXECUTIVE MODEL
OPEN-ENDED THEMES
Professional Management. Broadly,
respondents support keeping the
expertise of a professional City
Manager, but with stronger oversight,
transparency, and accountability.
Hybrid Mayoral Power. Comments
on mayoral role were very mixed. A
hybrid model where the Mayor sets
vision and has limited executive
authority and the City Manager runs
operations would strike a balance.
Public Trust & Transparency.
Comments regularly mention difficulty
contacting leaders, non-transparent
decision-making, confusion, outside
influences (e.g., developers), and
feeling unheard.
Hybrid Executive
33.8%
Legislative Leader
31.3%
Executive Leader
18.5%
Hybrid Legislative
13.7%
Yes, Reduced powers
50.5%
Yes, Full Executive Authority
34.6%
No, Mayor Executive Authority
11.7%
Hybrid Executive: Mayor handles some executive tasks, but City
Manager still manages most daily operations
Legislative Leader: Mayor leads commission meetings and
represents city, but does not run departments (current form)
Executive Leader: Mayor elected separately, directly manages
city operations
Hybrid Legislative: Mayor breaks ties in commission meetings,
but does not manage day-to-day government
Yes, Reduced Powers: City manager handles some operations, while the
Mayor takes on more authority
Yes, Full Executive Authority: City Manager runs all operations; Mayor is
mostly legislatively focused (current form)
No, Mayor Executive Authority: The structure should allow the Mayor to
hold all the executive authority
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5
ELECT ADDITIONAL OFFICIALS
RESPONDENTS SHOW SOME INTEREST IN IDEA OF ELECTING ADDITIONAL OFFICIALS, BUT MORE INFORMATION IS REQUIRED
CITY MANAGER ROLE Survey respondents selected whether they would support the idea of having additional city officials elected by voters. For example,in some cities, positions such as City Clerk, City Treasurer, or City Attorney are elected.
Yes, I would support electing more city officials
40.3%
No, I would prefer these positions remain appointed
34.4%
Not sure / Need more information
25.3%
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0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Commissioners live in district, Voters only from district
Commissioners live in district, Voters from across the city
Commissioners live across city, Voters only from district
No preference
Strongly
Disagree
Strongly
Agree
Overall Quadrant OutsideOverallQuadrantOutside
1 2 3 4 5
Overall (n=523)
NW (n=168)
Outside City Limits (n=12)
NE (n=119)
SW (n=36)
SE (n=182)
3.4
3.6
3.6
3.3
3.3
3.2 No
41.7%
Yes
33.7%
Unsure
24.6%
6
GEOGRAPHIC VS. CITY-WIDE COMMISSIONERSSurvey respondents rated their preference on a scalefrom 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
CITY COMMISSION FEEDBACK
RESPONDENTS SHOW SOME PREFERENCE FOR GEOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION BUT MIXED OPINIONS ON EXPANSION
POTENTIAL GEOGRAPHIC RULESSurvey respondents also considered IF geographic-basedcommissioners were used, which rules would make the most sense.
I believe Bozeman should prioritize geographic district-
based representation rather than total city-wide votes for
commissioners.
COMMISSION EXPANSIONSurvey respondents also selected whetherthey thought Bozeman should expand itsCity Commission beyond 5 members. Public stakeholder
meetings generated
the idea of a hybrid
model with both
ward-based and at-
large commissioner
elections
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7
ADVISORY BOARDS & NEIGHBORHOOD COUNCILS FEEDBACK
OVERALL, RESPONDENTS SUPPORTED THESE GROUPS SERVING ADVISORY ROLES WITH SOME SHARED INFLUENCE
ADVISORY BOARDS & NEIGHBORHOOD COUNCILSSurvey respondents selected what they thought should bethe “main role” of City Boards and Neighborhood Councils.
BOARD/COUNCIL INFLUENCESurvey respondents selected how much influence theythought these entities should have on city decisions.
0 50 100 150 200 250
e policies, limited decision-making power
to Commission, not make final decisions
power, approve or block certain actions
Unsure
Share input and shape policies,
limited decision-making power
Provide advice to Commission, not
make final decisions (current form)
Formal decision-making power,
approve or block certain actions
Unsure
0 50 100 150 200 250
Shared influence
Advisory only
Strong influence
Unsure
Shared Influence (Boards help set
priorities and may have authority in
certain areas)
Advisory Only (Commission may
consider input, but makes all decisions-
current form)
Strong Influence (Boards can veto or
block decisions made by Commission)
Unsure
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THEME THEME DESCRIPTION RESPONDENT QUOTE
Desire for Greater
Transparency
Calls for clearer information, better outreach and
engagement, and greater explanation of decisions.
“Increase transparency: decisions should be made
openly, with clear communication to residents
beforehand."
Groups Remain
Advisory Only
Belief that advisory boards and neighborhood councils
should advise but not decide. Final decisions must stay with
elected officials.
“Neighborhood councils and boards are not elected by
the people. They should not have decision making or
final authority. "
Avoid Pro-Development
Bias
Perception that city government caters to developers or
special interests over residents.
“Listening to residents and not bending to out of state
developers… Who is the city representing?”
Recognize Frustration &
Input
Expressions of frustration, cynicism, or hostility toward city
government and feeling that input is ignored
"I feel neighborhood councils have been largely
ignored and decisions have been made that defy their
wishes. This is a very disagreeable situation."
Prioritize Quality of Life
Concerns about quality of life issues such as affordable
housing, sprawl, traffic, infrastructure, water, and the
environment.
“We need more green space... more trails... and more
actual affordable homes."
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OTHER FEEDBACK ON REPRESENTATION
RESPONDENTS ALSO CALLED OUT THE FIVE THEMES BELOW AS THINGS THAT WOULD HELP TO FEEL BETTER REPRESENTED
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ZIP CODERespondents were primarily from 59715.
9
LOCATIONMost respondents lived within city limits.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE (1 OF 2)
RESPONDENTS WERE PRIMARILY FULL-TIME CITY RESIDENTS ACROSS QUADRANTS, WITH FEW STUDENTS REPRESENTED
QUADRANTThe SE and NW quadrants were moststrongly represented in this data.
RESIDENCY STATUSMost respondents were full-time residents(more than 6 months per year).
STUDENT STATUSMost respondents were not students.
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
59715
59718
59717
0100200300400500Within Bozeman city limits
Outside city limits in Gallatin Valley
0 50 100 150 200
SE
NW
NE
SW
Outside City Limits
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Full-time resident
Other
Part-time resident
0 100 200 300 400 500
Not a Student
Student at MSU
Student at Gallatin College
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Census Survey
Working Age (16-64)Older Individuals (65+)0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%Census Survey
Female/WomanMale/ManNon-binaryPrefer not to respondPrefer to self-describe0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Census Survey
WhiteHispanic/LatinoAsianAmerican Indian/Alaskan NativeBlack/African AmericanNative Hawaiian/Pacific Islander0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
AGE CATEGORIES Survey respondents (average = 55 yrs)skewed older than census populationestimates (average = 35 yrs).
10
GENDERSurvey respondents included a slightoverrepresentation of women (54%)compared to census populationestimates (47%).
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE (2 OF 2)
THE AVERAGE RESPONDENT IDENTIFIED AS A WORKING AGE WHITE WOMAN
RACE/ETHNICITYSurvey respondents mirrored theracial/ethnic profile in censuspopulation estimates.
Note. Additional exploratory analyses by age did not
meaningfully change results or conclusions.
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11
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Summarizing the broad feedback gathered from the community survey and stakeholder
engagement sessions, the four topics below emerged as top interest areas for future change
through charter updates.
Hybrid Geographic District/At-Large Representation in City Commission
Clarified Relationships among City Commission, City Boards, and Neighborhoods
Distributed Powers Between Mayor and City Manager
Altered Deputy Mayor Policy
THESE AREAS SHOULD BE THE
FOCUS OF DEEPER EDUCATION
AND INPUT OVER THE NEXT
MONTHS LEADING TO POTENTIAL
DRAFTED CHARTER LANGUAGE.
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Memorandum
REPORT TO:Study Commission
FROM:Dan Clark, Director of the Local Government Center, Montana State
University Extension
SUBJECT:Learning Session on the Governing Body: Size, Terms, Duties/Roles/Function;
Mayor System. Other elected offices?
MEETING DATE:January 15, 2026
AGENDA ITEM TYPE:Citizen Advisory Board/Commission
RECOMMENDATION:Receive information from the Local Government Center
STRATEGIC PLAN:1.1 Outreach: Continue to strengthen and innovate in how we deliver
information to the community and our partners.
BACKGROUND:Speakers:
MSU Local Gov’t Center - benefits and challenges to various issues identified
above (size, terms, mayor/deputy mayor)
Required materials for reading:
Commissioner survey results
Montana Charters reviewed by study commission
Charter commentary in previous study commission report
City of Bozeman Charter, Article II - City Commission
Sec. 2.03 - Mayor, City of Bozeman Charter
UNRESOLVED ISSUES:None identified
ALTERNATIVES:As per City Study Commission
FISCAL EFFECTS:None
Report compiled on: January 7, 2026
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