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HomeMy WebLinkAbout008 Water Design ReportSynergy Engineering and Konsulting 1 | P a g e Sundance Springs Comm Lot 2 Water Design Report Revised April 23, 2025 Project Background •2 buildings •1.31 acres •Commercial use (mixed office, food service, retail, health gym) •Zoning designation is B-1 (neighborhood commercial) Design Flow •From City of Bozeman Design and Construction Standards (COBDCS) 4.2.4 - Average Daily Demand: “design of new water distribution system to serve non-residential areas shall be based on an average daily flow rate for the development being constructed. Typical flow values per unit from Circular DEQ-4 shall be used.” Occupancy levels were determined from the associated architect plans. •From DEQ-4 Table 3.1-1&2: o East Building: ▪Health Gym – 39 occupants – 10 gpd/occupant = 390 gpd ▪Office 1 & 2 – 13 occupants – 13 gpd/occupant = 169 gpd o West Building ▪Restaurant – 70 occupants (175 meals) – 3 gpd/meal = 525 gpd ▪Retail Store – 4 employees – 10 gpd/employee = 40 gpd ▪Office 1 & 2 – 8 occupants – 13 gpd/occupant = 104 gpd o Total Daily Demand ▪390 + 169 + 525 + 40 + 104 = 1,228 gpd ▪Rounded to 1400 gpd. o 1400 GPD is used to estimate equivalent population for domestic water demand calculations. •From COBDCS 4.2.6 “Peaking Factors” o Maximum Day Demand: 2.3 * 1400 gpd = 3220 gpd o Peak Hour Demand: 3.0 * 1400 gpd * 1/24 hr = 175 gph •Using Peak Hour Demand: o 175 gph = 3 gpm •Approximately 25 gpm shall be needed for landscaping demands. •3 gpm + 25 gpm = 28 gpm for two buildings of equivalent size and use. •28 / 2 = 14 gpm service line demand per building Water Main Specifications •Main line – 8-inch diameter Ductile Iron Pipe (DIP), 325’ •Water main shall be constructed using fittings at 11.25, 22.5, and 90-degree angles. •Water main shall be placed a minimum of 10’ from sewer main. Synergy Engineering and Konsulting 2 | P a g e COB Standard Drawings • MPW 02660-1 Thrust Blocking for Water Main Fittings • MPW 02660-2 Water and Sewer Main Separation • COB 02660-3 Thrust Blocking for Water main Valves • COB 02660-7 Typical Blowoff Valve • COB 02660-6 Water Service Line • COB 02660-10 Typical Valve/Tee Restraint • COB 02660-12 Water Service Line • COB 02660-13 Standard Fire Service Line Installation • COB 02660-16 Water and Sewer Main and Services Location Standards • COB 020660-17 Water Service Interior Clearances Main Size A line serving more than one building is designated a water main. The water main for Sundance Springs Comm Lot 2 has water service demands of 28 GPM. Head Loss calculations indicate that 325’ of 8’’ DIP with a C of 130 and a flow rate of 28 GPM will have an actual head loss of 0.00348 psi and a velocity of 0.197 ft/s. COB requires that the velocity in a main less than 10 inches be less than 5ft/s. COB requires that the minimum diameter for any new main is 8 inches unless specific approval in writing is obtained from the COB. Water main pressure at the connection point is assumed to be 40 psi based on comment 19 of the Informal Review – Review Comments Report. Working residual water pressure is assumed to be 40 psi – 0.00348 psi = ~39 psi. Main Extensions The new main will be tapped from a 12” COB water main beneath Little Horse Drive. The proposed dead-end main is approximately 325 feet in length and shall end with a 2” blow-off valve. A 6” main extension stub exists onto the property but will be capped. Services Lines Each of the two buildings shall have one service line for domestic water service. An additional service line connection will provide landscaping. Service lines are sized so as not to exceed 10 feet/sec velocity as calculated by the fixture unit method as specific in the Uniform Plumbing Code. Standard service lines shall be 1” type “K” copper to accommodate 14 GPM per building. The landscaping service line shall be 1.5” type “K” copper. Backflow prevention devices will be installed as required by the Water Superintendent. No service line shall be extended into the buildings until an “Application for Service” has been completed and a Plumbing Permit has been obtained from the Building Department. Valves: One eight-inch gate valve is proposed at the connection to the existing 12-inch water main in Little Horse Drive. Hydrants: No hydrants are proposed on the site. Two existing hydrants on the corners of Little Horse Drive and Ellis View Loop with South 3rd Ave provide coverage for the lot with both buildings entirely within 400’ of one or both hydrants per IFC 2018 specifications. Synergy Engineering and Konsulting 3 | P a g e Air Relief: Air relief is provided by the 2” blowoff valve. Pressure Reducing Valves: Pressure reduction valves are not required for these service connections. Attachments: (1) Hazen-Williams Calculations 04-23-2025 Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications! Hazen-Williams Water Flow Formula: Head Loss, Data, Charts & Calculator Friction head loss (ftH2O per 100 ft pipe) in water pipes can be estimated with the empirical Hazen-Williams equation. The Darcy-Weisbach equation with the Moody diagram is considered to be the most accurate model for estimating frictional head loss for a steady pipe flow. Since the Darcy-Weisbach equation requires iterative calculation an alternative empirical head loss calculation like the Hazen-Williams equation may be preferred: h100ft = 0.2083 (100 / c)1.852 q1.852 / d4.8655 (1) where h100ft = friction head loss in feet of water per 100 feet of pipe (fth20 /100 ft pipe) c = Hazen-Williams roughness constant q = volume flow (gal/min) d = inside diameter of pipe (inches) Note that the Hazen-Williams formula is empirical and lacks a theoretical basis. Be aware that the roughness constants are based on "normal" conditions with approximately 1 m/s (3 ft/sec) . Example - Friction Head Loss in Water Pipe 200 gal/min of water flows in a 3 inch PEH pipe DR 15 with inside diameter 3.048 inches. The roughness coefficient for PEH pipe is 140 and the length of the pipe is 30 ft. The head loss for 100 ft pipe can be calculated as h100ft = 0.2083 (100 / 140)1.852 (200 gal/min)1.852 / (3.048 in)4.8655 4/11/25, 1:58 PM Hazen-Williams Water Flow Formula: Head Loss, Data, Charts & Calculator https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/hazen-williams-water-d_797.html 1/7 = 9 ftH2O/100 ft pipe The head loss for 30 ft pipe can be calculated h30ft = h100ft (30 ft) / (100 ft) = 9 (30 ft) / (100 ft) = 2.7 ft H2O Related Mobile App from The Engineering ToolBox Water Pipes Head Loss Calculator App - free apps for offline use on mobile devices. Online Hazens-Williams Calculator Imperial Units The calculators below can used to calculate the specific head loss (head loss per 1 00 ft (m) pipe) and the actual head loss for the actual length of pipe. Default values are from the example above. 325 l - pipe or tube length (ft) 130 c - roughness coefficient determined for the type of pipe or tube 28 q - flow rate (gal/min) 8.0 d - inside diameter (inch) Calculate! Specific Head Loss (ft H2O / 100 ft pipe): 0.00248 Specific Head Loss (psi / 100 ft pipe): 0.00107 Actual Head Loss (ft H2O): 0.00805 Actual Head Loss (psi): 0.00348 Velocity (ft/s): 0.179 4/11/25, 1:58 PM Hazen-Williams Water Flow Formula: Head Loss, Data, Charts & Calculator https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/hazen-williams-water-d_797.html 2/7 Pipe and Tube Dimensions Make Shortcut to this Calculator on Your Home Screen? SI Units 9 l - pipe or tube length (m) 140 c - roughness coefficient determined for the type of pipe or tube 10 q - flow rate (liter/sec) 76 d - inside diameter (mm) Calculate! Hazen-Williams equation in an Excel template The Hazen-Williams equation is not the only empirical formula available. Manning's formula is commonly used to calculate gravity driven flows in open channels. The flow velocity can be calculated as v = 0.408709 q / d2 (2) where v = flow velocity (ft/s) Limitations The Hazen-Williams equation is assumed to be relatively accurate for water flow in piping systems when the Reynolds Numbers is above 105 ( turbulent flow) the water temperature is in the range 40 - 75 oF (5 - 25 oC) and the kinematic viscosity is approximately 1.1 cSt For hotter water with lower kinematic viscosity (example 0.55 cSt at 130 oF (54.4 oC)) the error will be significant. Since the Hazen-Williams method is only valid for water flow - the Darcy Weisbach method should be used for other liquids or gases. 1 ft (foot) = 0.3048 m 1 in (inch) = 25.4 mm 4/11/25, 1:58 PM Hazen-Williams Water Flow Formula: Head Loss, Data, Charts & Calculator https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/hazen-williams-water-d_797.html 3/7 1 gal (US)/min =6.30888×10-5 m3/s = 0.227 m3/h = 0.0631 dm3 (liter)/s = 2.228×10-3 ft3/s = 0.1337 ft3/min = 0.8327 Imperial gal (UK)/min Related Topics Fluid Flow and Pressure Loss in Pipes and Tubes Fluid flow and pressure loss in pipe lines. Water and sewer systems. Steel pipes, pvc pipes, copper tubes and more. Fluid Mechanics The study of fluids - liquids and gases. Involving velocity, pressure, density and temperature as functions of space and time. Related Documents Copper Tubes - Pressure Loss vs. Water Flow Water flow and pressure loss (psi/ft) due to friction in copper tubes ASTM B88 Types K, L and M. Darcy-Weisbach Equation: Flow Resistance & Pressure Loss Calculator The Darcy-Weisbach equation can be used to calculate the major pressure and head loss due to friction in ducts, pipes or tubes. Equivalent Length Method - Minor Pressure Loss in Piping Systems Calculate minor pressure loss in piping systems with the Equivalent Pipe Length Method. Friction Loss in Steel, Copper and Plastic Pipes Friction head loss (ft/100 ft) vs. water flow in steel, copper and PVC plastic pipes. Hazen-Williams Friction Loss Coefficients: Data & Reference Guide Hazen-Williams friction loss coefficients for commonly used piping materials. Hazen-Williams Pressure Loss Equation The Hazen-Williams equation can be used to calculate the pressure drop (psi) or friction loss in pipes or tubes. Hot Water Systems - Equivalent Length vs. Fittings Resistance Equivalent length of fittings like bends, returns, tees and valves in hot water heating systems - equivalent length in feet and meter. Lined Pipes - Pressure Loss vs. Water Flow Pressure drop diagrams for PTFE, PP, PFA and PVDF lined pipes. Manning's Formula and Gravity Flow 4/11/25, 1:58 PM Hazen-Williams Water Flow Formula: Head Loss, Data, Charts & Calculator https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/hazen-williams-water-d_797.html 4/7 Calculate cross-sectional average velocity flow in open channels. Piping Equations Calculate cross-sectional areas, weight of empty pipes, weight of pipes filled with water, inside and outside surface areas. Plastic Pipes - Friction Head Loss vs. Water Flow Friction head loss (ft/100 ft) vs. water flow in plastic pipes like PVC, PP, PE or PEH. Pressure Loss in Pipes connected in Series or Parallel Calculate pressure loss in pipes connected in series or parallel. PVC Pipes - Equivalent Length and Pressure Loss in Fittings Minor loss in PVC and CPVC fittings expressed as equivalent length of straight pipe. PVC Pipes Schedule 40 - Friction Loss vs. Water Flow Water flow in thermoplastic PVC and CPVC pipes Schedule 40 - friction loss (ft/100 ft, psi/100 ft) and flow velocities at dimensions ranging 1/2 to 16 inches. PVC Pipes Schedule 40 - Friction Loss vs. Water Flow Diagrams Friction loss (psi/100 ft) and velocity for water flow in plastic PVC pipe schedule 40. Steel Pipes - Maximum Water Flow Capacities vs. Size Maximum water flow capacities in steel pipes - pipe dimensions ranging 2 - 24 inches. Steel Pipes Schedule 40 - Friction Loss vs. Water Flow Diagram Friction loss and velocity diagrams - in imperial (psi/100 ft, ft/s) and SI (Pa/100m, m/s) units. Steel Pipes Schedule 40 - Pressure Loss Water flow and pressure loss in schedule 40 steel pipes - Imperial and SI units - gallons per minute, liters per second and cubic meters per hour. Steel Pipes Schedule 80 - Friction Loss vs. Water Flow Diagram Water flow in steel pipes schedule 80 - pressure drop and velocity diagrams in SI and Imperial units. Water Distribution Pipes - Materials Materials used in water distribution pipes. Water Flow in Tubes - Reynolds Number 4/11/25, 1:58 PM Hazen-Williams Water Flow Formula: Head Loss, Data, Charts & Calculator https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/hazen-williams-water-d_797.html 5/7 Reynolds number for clean cold water flow. Water Supply Systems - Online Design Application Free online tool for designing water supply systems in buildings. Search Search is the most efficient way to navigate the Engineering ToolBox. Popular internal searches in the Engineering ToolBox Our Mission The Engineering ToolBox provides a wide range of free tools, calculators, and information resources aimed at engineers and designers. 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Citation This page can be cited as The Engineering ToolBox (2004). Hazen-Williams Water Flow Formula: Head Loss, Data, Charts & Calculator. [online] Available at: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/hazen-williams-water-d_797.html [Accessed Day Month Year]. Modify the access date according your visit. 4/11/25, 1:58 PM Hazen-Williams Water Flow Formula: Head Loss, Data, Charts & Calculator https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/hazen-williams-water-d_797.html 7/7