HomeMy WebLinkAbout2024 Bozeman Health Subarea PlanHealth Subarea Plan
An Amendment to the Bozeman Community Plan 2020
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Acknowledgements
Bozeman Health
| Board of Directors
| Executive Team
Dr. Kathryn Bertany
Denise Juneau
Steven Klein Brad Ludford
| NoliWhite Group
Mike Noli
| Bird Dog Strategies
Brianne Rogers
City of Bozeman
| City Commission
| Community Development Department
| Parks & Recreation Department
| Community Development Board
| Urban Parks & Forestry Board
| Transportation Board
Community Partners
| Gallatin Valley Land Trust
| Bridger Ski Foundation
| Marwyn-Lindley Neighborhood Association
| New Hyalite View Neighborhood Association
| The Knolls Neighborhood
Sanderson Stewart
| Planning Team
John Halverson Lenna Johnson Chris Naumann
Lauren Waterton
i
Table of Contents
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
1.Introduction.................................................... 2
Subarea Plan Overview ..............................................................2 Replacing the 2005 Plan.............................................................3 Existing Conditions .................................................................5
Bozeman Health's Planning Intent Statements ........................................9 Land Use Objectives ................................................................9
Framework Elements ................................................................9 Plan Themes........................................................................9 Community Engagement ...........................................................10
2. Plan Vision .................................................... 12
Vision Overview .................................................................... 12 Planning Intent Statements......................................................... 13
Land Use Objectives ...............................................................14 Future Land Use ................................................................... 21 Proposed Future Land Use..........................................................23
3.The Framework ................................................30
Framework Elements ...............................................................30 1.Future Medical & Commercial Services .............................................30
2.Community Activity Nodes .......................................................30 3.Highland Glen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4.Linear Parks .....................................................................32
5. Active Transportation Network ...................................................32 6.Potential Street Alignment .......................................................33
4.The Plan ......................................................36
Goals & Objectives .................................................................36 1. A Resilient District................................................................36 2. A Unique District.................................................................37
3. A Complimentary District .........................................................39 4. A District Influenced by Natural Environment, Parks, & Open Lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
5. A District Prioritizing Accessibility & Mobility.......................................43 6. A District Powered by an Innovative & Entrepreneurial Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
5.Implementation ...............................................52 Future Development ...............................................................52
Challenges & Constraints ...........................................................55 Opportunities .....................................................................55
Planning Processes ................................................................58 APPENDIX A: Existing Conditions ...................................A.1 APPENDIX B: Natural Resources & Managment .......................B.1 APPENDIX C: Community Plan Amendment...........................C.1 APPENDIX D: Montana Land Use Planning Act ........................D.1 APPENDIX E: Community Engagement...............................E.1
ii
1CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
• NOIIIH
1. Introduction
Subarea Plan Overview
Bozeman Health owns over 500 acres of land on the
eastern edge of Bozeman, Montana. Since purchasing
the land in 1956, Bozeman Health has been dedicated
to responsible stewardship of this land while
upholding their mission to improve community health
and quality of life.
To this end, Bozeman Health has incrementally
developed the 100 acres of this property west of
Highland Boulevard which is now home to Bozeman
Health Deaconess Regional Medical Center, Hillcrest
Senior Living, and The Knolls at Hillcrest.
The remaining 400 acres east of Highland Boulevard
have been primarily used for agricultural purposes.
In 2010, Bozeman Health partnered with the Gallatin
Valley Land Trust, Bridger Ski Foundation, and the City
of Bozeman to establish public access to an expansive
trail network in the 140-acre area known as Highland
Glen.
With the continued growth of the Gallatin Valley
and Bozeman Health’s commitment to be a ‘best in
class’ integrated health system, this Subarea Plan
creates a visionary framework for the future of this
land. The plan focuses on the relationships between
the various components of great neighborhoods—
natural areas, parks, trails, active transportation
network, community nodes, and a basic street grid,
all supporting a variety of housing.
Impacts & Benefits
The Subarea Plan is founded on the intent statements,
land use objectives, and planning themes established
by Bozeman Health during this plan update. These
foundational principles are based upon the objectives
established by the City of Bozeman Community Plan
2020 and informed by public input received from area
residents.
For years to come, the Subarea Plan will guide
additional land planning and any future private
development in ways that honor the vision of
Bozeman Health and the Gallatin Valley community.
Figure 1. Vicinity Map
2
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
i;
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D 175' 350' 'lllO' L.M.....I
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Replacing the 2005 Plan
In 2021, the City of Bozeman Planning Board asked
Bozeman Health to update the 2005 Bozeman
Deaconess Health Services (BDHS) Subarea Plan. The
Planning Board's written request clearly articulated
“that the BDHS Subarea Plan no longer reflects current
community planning goals and policies.” The Planning
Board letter concluded that “given the potential to
create significant development on hospital property,
the Planning Board supports the creation of a new
Subarea Plan to accurately reflect current community
goals.”
The 2005 BDHS Subarea Plan sought to “create a
plan which is credible, achievable, and based on
solid background and economic logic to produce
the highest and best use of the property, and to
further the mission statement of BDHS.” The 2005
Plan recognized that “the property is very unique in
character and is located in a proximity to services
and transportation corridors that make the property
a very important and necessary in-fill development.
Implementation of the plan will provide many
residents with the opportunity to own a home within
City limits and to live in a community that provides
many of the needed services within walking distance.”
In many ways, the 2024 Bozeman Health Subarea
Plan echoes the overarching objectives of the 2005
version. But, this new plan differs significantly from
the old plan. The 2024 Plan focuses more on building
a framework that will support the future creation
of vibrant neighborhoods and less on specific
development objectives. Therefore, this plan does
not include specific development scenarios and
density calculations like its predecessor. Detailed
development plans are more appropriate for
subsequent master site planning efforts.
Figure 2. 2005 Bozeman Deaconess Health Services Subarea Plan
3
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llOPOSl!D ROADS
llTUB.B SIGNALIZATION POTENTIAL
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42024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
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Existing Conditions
Land Use
The 100 acres of the property west of Highland
Boulevard is predominately occupied by Bozeman
Health Deaconess Regional Medical Center, Hillcrest
Senior Living, and The Knolls at Hillcrest.
The 400 acres that remains east of Highland
Boulevard, the focus of this plan, has historically
been used for agricultural purposes. Despite being
platted for development in the past, the property has
remained as farm and ranchland. The homestead at
the northern end of the property is a reminder of this
agrarian heritage. The 140-acre Highland Glen natural
area includes seven miles of trails and is open to the
public for year-round access thanks to a partnership
between Bozeman Health, City of Bozeman, Gallatin
Valley Land Trust, and Bridger Ski Foundation.
Natural Features & Amenities
The topography of the Bozeman Health property west
of Highland Boulevard generally slopes down to the
north. East of Highland Boulevard the topography
is more complex with the agricultural tracts gently
sloping to the north while Highland Glen is defined
by steep grades. An intermittent drainage occupies
the coulee and is home to a variety of vegetation
ranging from sage brush to stands of aspen trees.
The Glen also supports nearly seven miles of natural
surface trails with numerous access points that serve
as rudimentary trailheads connecting to the larger
Bozeman trail system.
Infrastructure
The Bozeman Health property is bordered by Highland
Boulevard, Kagy Boulevard, and Bozeman Trail Road. A
shared use path runs along the west side of Highland
Boulevard between Main Street and Kagy Boulevard.
Municipal water and sewer mains are located within
the Highland Boulevard corridor. There are no public
utilities adjacent to the subject property along Kagy
Boulevard or Bozeman Trail Road. A municipal sewer
main bisects a large portion of Highland Glen to
serve the New Hyalite View neighborhood. Overhead
electricity transmission lines bisect the property
between Bozeman Trail Road and Highland Boulevard.
Figure 3. Existing Conditions Map
5
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Hish1and Ag ·r.racit
~OArim
,Ka9-; A'g Trod
'P.3AEPIK
62024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
1956 – Bozeman Health purchases 500 acres of
property along Highland Blvd
1963 – Hillcrest Retirement Homes open
1986 – Bozeman Health opens the new
Deaconess Hospital on Highland Blvd
1990 – Highland Park 1 medical office building
opens
1992 – Highland Park 2 medical office building
opens
1998 – Highland Park 3 medical office building
opens
1999 – A new 10-bed Emergency Department is
completed
2005 – Highland Park 4 medical office building
opens
2008 – The Knolls at Hillcrest, Montana’s first
Active Adult Lifestyle Neighborhood, opens
2010 – Highland Glen opens to the public in
partnership with nordic ski trail grooming by
Bridger Ski Foundation
2012 – Highland Glen trails system is established
in partnership with Gallatin Valley Land Trust and
the City of Bozeman
2016 – Highland Park 5 medical office building
opens
2020 – The new Critical Care Unit and Patient
Care Tower opens
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Bozeman Health History
7
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Context within the Bozeman
Community Plan
Land Use Planning
Most communities in Montana adopt a land use
plan as defined and governed by the 2023 Montana
Land Use Planning Act. A land use plan, commonly
called a community plan or growth policy, establishes
community goals related to land use, housing, natural
resources, economic development, public facilities,
and local services.
State law allows for the adoption of area plans that
are consistent with the overall land use plan. Often,
when the expanse of an area plan is large enough
to include multiple neighborhoods it is considered a
subarea plan. Due to the size of the Bozeman Health
property this plan constitutes a subarea plan as it
encompasses several potential future neighborhoods.
Bozeman Community Plan
The current City of Bozeman land use plan was
adopted as the Bozeman Community Plan 2020.
From this point on, when this plan sites the Bozeman
Community Plan, or simply the Community Plan, it
is referring to the City of Bozeman's land use plan.
This plan establishes the fundamental vision for
guiding the continued growth of the community. The
Community Plan articulates the citizenry’s priority to
maintain Bozeman as “a flourishing, safe, healthy, and
a vibrant place to live, work, and raise a family.”
The Bozeman Community Plan covers seven themes:
1. A Resilient City
2. A City of Unique Neighborhoods
3. A City Bolstered by Downtown and
Complimentary Districts
4. A City Influenced by Our Natural Environment,
Parks, and Open Lands
5. A City that Prioritizes Accessibility and
Mobility Choices
6. A City Powered by its Creative, Innovative,
and Entrepreneurial Economy
7. A City Engaged in Regional Coordination.
Subarea Plan
The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan directly supports
“Bozeman’s high rate of growth and changing
economics, the rapid development in
surrounding Gallatin County, and state law
mandating that community plans be kept up-
to-date, all make it necessary for Bozeman to
adopt a new community plan. Without guided
growth and development, the community’s
identity and overall quality of life could be
diminished by congestion and pollution. The
City has had five community plans dating back
to 1958, the most recent being its 2009 plan.
Each plan builds upon the others, reflecting the
community’s vision and needs over time.”
- Bozeman Community Plan 2020
and advances six of the seven themes established
in the Bozeman Community Plan. Bozeman Health’s
planning intent statements and land use objectives
form the foundation of the Subarea Plan and
inform a series of proposed public infrastructure
and amenity improvements. These improvements
include streets, utilities, active transportation, trails,
parks, and natural areas which are illustrated with a
comprehensive series of maps.
It is important to note that the Subarea Plan primarily
focuses on the undeveloped property east of Highland
Boulevard. The vision proposed for these 400 acres
responds to and supports the existing developments
west of Highland Boulevard. Chapter 4 highlights
the master site plan and Bozeman Health's vision for
future expansion of the Deaconess Regional Medical
Center west of Highland Boulevard.
While comprehensive, the Subarea Plan incorporates
by reference the content of the Community Plan
regarding detailed information and projections
relating to socio-cultural demographics, economic
development, and infrastructure planning, in addition
to the adoption and amendment processes.
As referenced above, the Bozeman Health Subarea
Plan will become an amendment to the Bozeman
Community Plan 2020. As such, the process to
formulate and adopt the Subarea Plan met the land
use plan requirements established by state law.
8
Bozeman Health's Planning Intent Statements
Uphold our
mission to
improve community
health and quality of
life
Ensure access
for all to an
#Outdoor HealthyLife
by preserving and enhancing
Highland Glen
Engage the
community to
identify common values and
outcomes to be reflected in the
Subarea Plan
Partner with our
community in regional
growth challenges and opportunities
by supporting the Bozeman Community
Plan
Land Use Objectives
1. Preserve and enhance
the natural
environment, trails, and heritage
of Highland Glen.
2. Provide additional health care services; commercial services
that support Bozeman
Health and the surrounding neighborhoods; community
and workforce housing.
3. Envision
neighborhoods with a variety of
housing types,
shapes, sizes, and intensities.
Plan Themes
1. A Resilient District 2. A Unique District 3. A Complementary District
4. A District Influenced
by Natural
Environment, Parks, & Open Lands
5. A District
Prioritizing
Accessibility & Mobility
6. A District Powered
by an Innovative
& Entrepreneurial Economy
Framework Elements
Future Medical & Commercial
Development
Highland Glen Linear Parks
Active Transportation Network
Community Activity
Nodes
9 2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
••• 000
Community Engagement
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
A robust community engagement effort was
implemented throughtout the Subarea planning
process. The goals of this effort were to keep the
public informed, generate new ideas, and gather
feedback from the local community in order to ensure
that the plan reflects the values of the neighbors and
Bozeman community at large.
Engagement Types
The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan employed a
variety of engagement strategies throughout the
development in attempt to reach as many individuals
as possible. The range of strategies included an
engagement website dedicated to updating the
public through the project’s entirety and providing
opportunities for online feedback, eleven specific
focus group meetings, and four public open houses
hosted at the Bozeman Health Deaconess Regional
Medical Center.
Engagement Outcomes
Much of the engagement feedback confirmed
the priorities that the planning team had already
identified for the Subarea Plan. First and foremost,
community members reiterated the importance
of preserving Highland Glen and its current public
access, solidifying it as a community-wide asset.
In addition, many community members pushed
for the prioritization of walkable neighborhoods,
increased recreation access, a complete multi-modal
transportation network, thoughtful expansion of
medical services, and modest development that
maintains mountain viewsheds and the character of
the area. These community priorities were addressed
and reflected as well as possible through the Plan’s
land use objectives and framework.
Engagement Timeline
Focus Group Meetings
4/11/22 Bozeman Health Employees
5/19/22 New Hyalite Neighborhood
Association
6/1/22 Gallatin Valley Land Trust
(GVLT)
6/6/22 Marwyn-Lindley Neighborhood
Association
6/7/22 Northern Rockies Professional
Association
6/8/22 The Knolls Homeowners
Association
6/13/22 Bridger Ski Foundation (BSF)
9/8/22 City of Bozeman Department
Staff
10/5/22 GVLT & BSF
1/10/23 City of Bozeman Department
Staff
5/10/23 New Hyalite Neighborhood
Association
Public Open House Events
6/21/22 Public Open House #1
7/12/22 Public Open House #2
10/6/22 Public Open House #3
10/12/22 Public Open House #4
Public Comment Period – Draft Plan
11/7/23 60-day public review and
comment period of Draft Plan
11/27/23 Draft Plan Presentation #1
12/5/23 Draft Plan Presentation #2
Engagement Website Statstics
5570 | Total Visits 195 | Completed Surveys
3528 | Total Unique
Users 2603 | Downloaded
Documents
10
2CHAPTER 2: PLAN VISION
2. Plan Vision
Vision Overview
The new vision for the Subarea Plan focuses on the
400-acres east of Highland Boulevard in a way that
complements and integrates with the well-established
vision for the 100-acres of property west of Highland
Boulevard. The overall vision of the Subarea Plan
seeks to balance the opportunity to preserve open
space while addressing the challenges of a growing
community.
West of Highland Boulevard
All of Bozeman Health’s development to date of the
Subarea Plan property has occurred west of Highland
Boulevard. Bozeman Health Deaconess Regional
Medical Center, Hillcrest Senior Living, and The Knolls
currently provide an wide spectrum of residential and
medical services to the community. Any additional
infill development will stay true to these established
uses by enhancing the existing built environment.
East of Highland Boulevard
The property across the street from the Deaconess
Regional Medical Center consists of three large
agricultural tracts and Highland Glen natural area.
Despite its longstanding history as farming and
natural open space, this land has been considered
for development over recent decades. In light of
increasing growth challenges, Bozeman Health sees
an opportunity to create a vision for this land that
honors its rural heritage and maintains Highland
Glen as a community asset accessible to the entire
community.
12
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Planning Intent Statements
Bozeman Health began the planning process by
defining four planning intent statements to serve as
the Plan’s guiding principles. The first intent statement
is Bozeman Health’s primary organization mission
as a health care provider, which guides all their
efforts. The other three intent statements prioritize
the importance of partnerships to address regional
growth, promoting healthy outdoor lifestyles, and
committing to community engagement.
1. Uphold our mission to improve community
health and quality of life
2. Partner with our community in regional growth
challenges and opportunities by supporting
the Bozeman Community Plan
3. Ensure access for all to an #OutdoorHealthyLife
by preserving and enhancing Highland Glen
4. Engage the community to identify common
values and outcomes to be reflected in the
Subarea Plan
Bozeman Health’s Intent is to...
13
Land Use Objectives
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Considering the amount of land within the Subarea
Plan, the variety of existing conditions, and the City’s
Future Land Use Map, Bozeman Health identified
three primary land use objectives for the distinct
parts of their property. The plan is founded on the
preservation of Highland Glen's natural character
and public access. The second objective focuses on
providing additional medical and supportive services
adjacent to Highland Boulevard. The final land use
objective addresses the need for additional housing
of all types.
↑ Photograph of Highland Glen by Matt Lavin, under a CC BY-SA 2.0 license
14
Figure 4. Land Use Objective 1 Highland Blvd Kagy Blvd
Ellis St
15 2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
6.9 Miles of Trail
142 Acres
Highland Glen
Parks & Open Lands
Community Plan Definition:
PARKS & OPEN LANDS
All recreational lands, including parks, are included
within this category, as well as certain private lands.
These areas are generally open in character and
may or may not be developed for active recreational
purposes. This category includes conservation
easements or other private property which may not
be open for public use.
Land Use Objective 1:
Preserve and enhance the natural
environment, trails, and heritage of
Highland Glen. Bozeman Trail Rd Ha
g
g
e
r
t
y
L
n
162024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Figure 5. Land Use Objective 2 Highland Blvd Kagy Blvd
Ellis St
17 2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Ho1pltal Campu
T-J,lu:rm
HiQhlcmd ~ T~d
9'0A°(,q1
'
1
Land Use Objective 2:
Provide additional health care
services; commercial services
that support Bozeman Health and
the surrounding neighborhoods;
community and workforce housing. Bozeman Trail Rd Ha
g
g
e
r
t
y
L
n
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
• NOIIIH
Community Plan Definitions:
RESIDENTIAL MIXED USE
This category promotes neighborhoods substantially
dominated by housing, yet integrated with small-scale
commercial and civic uses. The housing can include
single-attached and small single-detached dwellings,
apartments, and live-work units. Multi-unit, higher
density, urban development is expected.
COMMUNITY COMMERCIAL MIXED USE
This category promotes commercial areas necessary
for economic health and vibrancy. This includes
professional and personal services, retail, education,
health services, offices, public administration, and
tourism establishments. Density is expected to be
higher than it is currently in most commercial areas
in Bozeman and should include multi-story buildings.
REGIONAL COMMERCIAL & SERVICES
Regionally significant developments in this land use
category may be developed with physically large
and economically prominent facilities requiring
substantial infrastructure and location near
significant transportation facilities. Development
within this category needs well-integrated utilities,
transportation, and open space networks that
encourage pedestrian activity and provide ready-
access within and adjacent to development.
18
Figure 6. Land Use Objective 3 Highland Blvd Kagy Blvd
Ellis St
19 2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Kngy A9 Tract
9).Acms.
♦
NORTH
Community Plan Definition:
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
URBAN NEIGHBORHOOD
This category primarily includes urban density
homes in a variety of types, shapes, sizes, and
intensities. Large areas of any single type of housing
are discouraged. Complementary uses such as parks,
home-based occupations, fire stations, churches,
schools, and some neighborhood-serving commerce
provide activity centers for community gathering
and services. Higher density residential areas are
encouraged to be, but are not required or restricted
to, proximate to commercial mixed use areas to
facilitate the provision of services and employment
opportunities without requiring the use of a car.
Land Use Objective 3:
Envision neighborhoods with a
variety of housing types, shapes,
sizes, and intensities. Bozeman Trail Rd Ha
g
g
e
r
t
y
L
n
↗ Photograph of Homes near the Deaconess Regional Medical Center by Matt Lavin, under a CC BY-SA 2.0 license
20
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
U bon
Nelfl_hborhood
-0 ReMU, I,
Community Con11n.tdal Mbed Un B-2.. a-i UMU,
NEM • PU
-Z. -2-M,. U U, I
& Open Lands PU
Future Land Use
The Bozeman Community Plan 2020 includes a Future
Land Use Map that prescribes general categories of
desired development types and densities for every
area of the city. Each future land use is compatible
with numerous existing zoning designations that
would effectively implement the intended uses.
The current Future Land Use Map has established that
the land within the subarea boundary is a mix of five
different land use designations: Urban Neighborhood,
Community Commercial Mixed Use (CCMU), Regional
Commercial & Services, Residential Mixed Use, and
Parks & Open Lands. The land west of Highland
Boulevard is largely defined by Urban Neighborhood
over the residential areas of Hillcrest Senior Living
and The Knolls at Hillcrest, and Regional Commercial
& Services and CCMU over the Bozeman Health
Deaconess Regional Medical Center campus. On the
east side of Highland Boulevard, the agricultural tract
directly adjacent to Highland Boulevard is designated
as CCMU and Residential Mixed Use. The rest of
the vacant land to the east of Highland Boulevard is
designated as Urban Neighborhood, apart from a
small region identified as CCMU along Kagy Boulevard.
Based upon the City's current land use designations,
the entirety of Highland Glen has been identified as
developable land under Urban Neighborhood or
CCMU permitted zones. Bozeman Health looks to
change this possiblity and take appropriate measures
to protect Highland Glen from future development.
Figure 7. Current
Future Land Use Map Highland Blvd 21
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Reg·onal
Commercia
& Set"~c t.
R esidentiol
Mixed Use
Community
Commen=iol
Mbted u~e
Urbani
Nlej,g hb o rho odl
Ce1mmur,ily
Com meu:11:1,I
Mixed Use
♦
NORTH
Ellis St
Ha
g
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t
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L
n
Bozeman Trail Rd Kagy Blvd
22
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Utb • Nei'ghborhood
Comn,unity
CoJN11.erdal
Mi.x.ed U:1e
Urba
ei g,h_borh 00d
Commu Jty CC!fnmercial Mixed Use
onat Commffc:ial & 5erYiceJ
Residential M"xed ·Use
Proposed Future Land Use
The Plan proposes to revise the Community Plan’s
future land use map by designating Highland Glen
as privately held “Parks & Open Land,” as shown in
Figure 8. This change would reduce the amount of
land designated as “Community Commercial Mixed
Use” and “Residential Mixed Use” immediately east
of Highland Boulevard. Recategorizing Highland
Glen would also reduce the amount of “Urban
Neighborhood” designated along Kagy Boulevard
and Bozeman Trail Road. The node of Community
Commercial Mixed Use proposed along Kagy
Boulevard in the Community Plan is recommended to
be relocated to the west.
“Future land use is the community’s
fundamental building block. It is an
illustration of the City’s desired outcome
to accommodate the complex and diverse
needs of its residents. The land use map sets
generalized expectations for what goes where
in the community. The land use categories and
descriptions provide a guide for appropriate
development and redevelopment locations for
civic, residential, commercial, industrial, and
other uses. The future land use designations
are important because they aim to further the
vision and goals of the City through promoting
sustainability, citizen and visitor safety, and a
high quality of life that will shape Bozeman’s
future development.”
- Bozeman Community Plan 2020
Figure 8. Proposed
Future Land Use Map Highland Blvd 23
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Reg1onaJ
Commercia,
& Service1
Community
Commercial
Mixed tbe
Res. ,clent,· o i
Mixed u~e
O
Urbhn
Ne,·g hb o r.h,a,od
C9mm11n t:,
c6 mme «or
M ~e-t.l Us.
U,b,~m
e~ghbgrhcod
♦
NORTH
NParks
pen L
Ellis St
Ha
g
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t
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L
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Bozeman Trail Rd Kagy Blvd
24
A Resilient District
“Our City desires to be forward
thinking, collaborative, and
deliberate in planning and execution of plans and policies
to enable our community to
successfully ride the waves of
change.”
- Bozeman Community Plan
Bozeman Health envisions
a resilient district planned
to be environmentally,
economically, and
culturally sustainable.
A Unique District
“Our City desires to be diverse,
healthy, and inclusive, defined
by our vibrant neighborhoods, quality housing, walkability,
excellent schools, numerous
parks and trails, and thriving
areas of commerce.”
-Bozeman Community Plan
Bozeman Health envisions
a unique district of
distinct, walkable
neighborhoods including
housing, basic services,
and employment
opportunities. 1 2
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Plan Themes
The six themes of the Subarea Plan directly reflect
and support the major components of the Bozeman
Community Plan which “describe community-derived
desired outcomes.” The Community Plan explains that
the themes “contain objectives and actions to guide the
City towards its vision and evolve as the City grows.”
Each Community Plan theme has been tailored to apply
specifically the unique attributes of Bozeman Health
property. The Subarea Plan envisions the Bozeman
Health property evolving into a distinct district
centered around services, housing, and amenities
that support community health. Therefore, where the
Community Plan themes refer to the entire City or
individual neighborhoods, the Subarea Plan reframes
those objectives at the district level.
The Subarea Plan themes inspired the plan Framework
elements established in Chapter 3. The Framework
provides the structure for outlining goals and objectives
for each planning theme in Chapter 4. Finally, these
actionable outcomes set the stage for a review of
implementation challenges and opportunities in
Chapter 5.
25
A Complementary District
“Our City is bolstered by our
Downtown, Midtown, University and other commercial districts
and neighborhood centers that
are characterized by higher
densities and intensities of
use.” - Bozeman Community Plan
Bozeman Health envisions
a regional health services
district with a diverse mix
of medical, commercial,
and residential uses.
A District Influenced by Natural Environment, Parks, & Open Lands
“Our City is home to an
outdoor-conscious population
that honors and protects our
natural environment and our well-managed open space and
parks system.”
- Bozeman Community Plan
Bozeman Health envisions
a district influenced by
the natural environment
and open lands anchored
by Highland Glen. 3 4
262024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
A District Prioritizing Accessibility & Mobility
“Our City fosters the closeproximity of housing, services,
and jobs, and desires to provide
safe, efficient mobility for
pedestrians, cyclists, transitusers, and drivers.” - Bozeman Community Plan
Bozeman Health envisions a district prioritizing
accessibility and
mobility with a network
of complete streets and
active transportation encouraging bicyclists
and pedestrians.
A District Powered by an Innovative & Entrepreneurial Economy
“Our City benefits from and
desires to further an expanding
economy that is powered by
the talents of its residents, a dedicated and engaged business community, and strong regional
partnerships.”
- Bozeman Community Plan
Bozeman Health envisions
a district powered
by an innovative and entrepreneurial economy
with expanded regional
health care facilities and
services.
5 6
27 2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
3CHAPTER 3: THE FRAMEWORK
3. The Framework
Framework Elements
The framework described in this chapter provides
the critical backbone to this plan. It identifies six
unique framework elements that will ensure that
any future development on this land will create
desirable neighborhoods that will thrive through their
walkability, active community, unique identity, and
access to valuable community assets.
Context: Deaconess Regional Medical
Center & Hillcrest
The west side of Highland Boulevard is home to
the Bozeman Health Deaconess Regional Medical
Center and Hillcrest Senior Living. Although this
land is already largely developed, Bozeman Health
will continue to expand and adapt their Deaconess
Regional Medical Center to respond to the growing
medical care needs of Bozeman and the local region.
Because the trajectory of the west side of Highland
Boulevard is already largely defined, this land is not
the focus of the Subarea Plan, its context has a great
influence on the remaining area addressed in this
document.
1.Future Medical & Commercial Services
This plan identifies approximately 15 acres of land
along the east side of Highland Boulevard, adjacent
to the current Deaconess Regional Medical Center,
for future medical and complementary commercial
services. This land will provide the opportunity for
Bozeman Health to expand their Deaconess Regional
Medical Center if needed or allow for supporting
health services and businesses to be located adjacent
to the current Medical Center. Auxiliary primary
services may include private specialized medical
practices and wellness clinics, while secondary
services may include hotels, restaurants, fitness
centers, and pharmacies. Reserving the land for these
specific uses will ensure the accommodation of future
Deaconess Regional Medical Center growth.
2.Community Activity Nodes
Three specific community nodes have been identified
within the planning area to serve as activity anchors
for current and future adjacent communities.
The first community node is the Homestead Node
located at the northern end of Highland Glen.
Highland Glen’s historic homestead was established
nearly 150 years ago and the land has been farmed
and ranched by several local families since. The
intent is for the farm to be transformed into a local
heritage center, cultural and ecological learning hub,
community event space, and public gardens.
30
The second node is the Highland Glen trailhead
node located at the southern end of the Glen off
Kagy Boulevard. The trailhead will provide improved
access, service, and amenities to Highland Glen
nature preserve for all users and recreationalists. The
facility could include a paved parking lot, year-round
restrooms, a picnic pavilion, winter warming center,
and bike repair station.
The third identified node is a commercial node located
in the southeast corner of the Kagy agricultural tract,
adjacent to Kagy Boulevard. This commercial node
will allow for neighborhood-oriented local businesses
that will provide walkable amenities to residents in
the area. These commercial businesses could include
coffee shops, restaurants, convenience stores, or
other small businesses.
3.Highland Glen
Highland Glen and its expansive trail system is an
extremely valued asset in the Bozeman outdoor
community. Thousands of Bozeman residents seek out
31
the peaceful 142-acre glen year round. In the warm
months, Highland Glen trails are bustling with walkers,
runners, and bikers, while in winter, the groomed ski
trails are busy with cross-country skiers. Bozeman
Health is committed to maintaining public access to
this treasured trail system and will protect Highland
Glen from any potential future development. This plan
has prioritized the preservation and enhancement of
Highland Glen as a protected open space with public
access.
4.Linear Parks
Linear parks will be an essential feature if development
is sought on any of the three agricultural tracts. The
linear parks will be long stretches of designated
park land located along the boundary between the
three agricultural tracts and Highland Glen Nature
Preserve. Designed to be about 100 feet in width,
the linear parks will provide a crucial transitional
buffer between the nature preserve and any future
development. The parks should have amenities for all
ages and abilities that Highland Glen does not have
the opportunity to support, including paved shared
use paths, playgrounds, climbing boulders, benches,
shade structures, and improved access to Highland
Glen itself.
5. Active Transportation Network
A network of non-motorized shared use paths is
outlined within the planning area to circumnavigate
each agricultural tract, boarder Highland Glen, and
create east-west connections through the Glen.
Where available, each section of the proposed
linear parks will include a shared use path. With a
comprehensive active transportation network that
includes connections between all agriculture tracts,
no vehicle streets will be required to bisect or disturb
Highland Glen. In addition, three bike and pedestrian
tunnels under Highland Boulevard and one tunnel
under Kagy Boulevard are proposed to create safe
crossing options between the existing Deaconess
Regional Medical Center and potential development
on the east side of Highland Boulevard, and between
Highland Glen and Painted Hills trailhead.
Photograph of a Shared Use Path by James Lewis, under an
Unsplash License
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
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6. Potential Street Alignment
A preliminary alignment of primary streets has been
established for the three agricultural tracts (shown as
dashed gray lines). A defining and foundational feature
of each tract's road network is the parkway street that
runs adjacent to the three linear parks. The critical
purpose of these parkways is to secure universal and
continuous access to the linear parks and Highland
Glen Nature Preserve by establishing adjacent public
right-of-way and preventing private property from
abutting the park areas and blocking public access.
These parkways also provide an opportunity to
create low-speed scenic routes through the potential
neighborhoods. Additional primary streets are placed
in intuitive alignments within the tracts that extend
from existing streets across Highland Boulevard, Kagy
Boulevard, and Bozeman Trail, connecting potential
new development to the current transportation
network.
A Holistic Framework
The combination of these six essential elements
creates a holistic framework for guiding smart and
desirable development for the land addressed in
this plan. The graphic on the right illustrates how the
elements fit together to create a single vision for the
rest of the Subarea Plan.
Figure 9. Framework Elements Map Highland Blvd 33
Ellis St
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2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan 34
4CHAPTER 4: THE PLAN
4. The Plan
Goals & Objectives
The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan reflects and
supports the Bozeman Community Plan 2020, and as
such both plans “aim to further the vision and goals
of the City through promoting sustainability, citizen
and visitor safety, and a high quality of life that will
shape Bozeman’s future development.” As outlined in
Chapter 2, the Subarea Plan is structured on six of the
seven themes of the Community Plan.
1. A Resilient District
The Community Plan states, “our City desires to
be forward thinking, collaborative, and deliberate
in planning and execution of plans and policies to
enable our community to successfully ride the waves
of change.” To that end, the Subarea Plan envisions
Bozeman Health’s property as a resilient district.
It is a deliberate plan that prioritizes a sustainable
and equitable neighborhood framework focused on
accessibility, active transportation, and natural open
space.
As Bozeman continues to grow, the Subarea Plan
provides an opportunity in the core of town to create
a place where a diversity of people can live, work,
socialize, and recreate. The Subarea Plan proposes a
mix of uses that would complement one another to
create a complete district.
Downtown Bozeman and Montana State University
are within 1.5 miles and 2.5 miles respectively
from the Bozeman Health property. The proximity
adds tremendous access between these important
community centers for pedestrians and bicyclists.
The key to a resilient city is utilizing infill opportunities
to create compact, mixed-use neighborhoods which
reduce dependency on vehicles and build social
capital.
↑ Photograph of Downtwon Bozeman by Jacob, stock.adobe.com
36
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
2. A Unique District
The Community Plan identifies Bozeman as “diverse,
healthy, and inclusive, defined by our vibrant
neighborhoods, quality housing, walkability, excellent
schools, numerous parks and trails, and thriving areas
of commerce.” As described in Chapter 3, the Subarea
Plan Framework outlines a unique district with a
distinctive combination of residential neighborhoods,
commercial areas, natural open space, and
multimodal accessibility.
Complete Community
Future residential neighborhoods would include a
full spectrum of housing options ranging from single
detached homes to a variety of apartments and
workforce housing. The commercial development
envisioned would include small-scale neighborhood
retail to medical offices to hospitality businesses.
The proposed residential and commercial areas are
connected to Highland Glen and one another by
an all-season active transportation network. This
diversity of residential and commercial options,
natural open spaces, and multimodal trails would
create an inclusive and accessible neighborhood.
Unique Sense of Place
Bozeman Health envisions the preserving the
homestead at the north end of the Glen as a
community center to honor and celebrate the cultural
and agricultural heritage of the Glen. Central to
this heritage were the generations of farming and
ranching by the King, Molendyks, Knutson, Kurk, and
Kraft families.
Bozeman Health maintains land use licenses with
the Gallatin Valley Land Trust (GVLT), Bridger Ski
Foundation (BSF), and the City of Bozeman. These
agreements allow for public access to and year-round
use of nearly 7 miles of trails. To enhance and facilitate
public access, a full-featured trailhead is proposed at
the south end of the Glen.
These proposed community activity nodes, the
Homestead and the Trailhead, would anchor the
‘complete’ neighborhood and create a truly unique
place.
Figure 10. Framework Element:
Community Activity Nodes Map Highland Blvd History of Highland Glen
Bannock, Blackfoot, Crow, Nez Perce, Salish,
and Shoshone likely traversed the Glen
while traveling between the Gallatin Valley
and the Paradise Valley. In 1806, William
Clark of the Corps of Discovery established
a survey benchmark on a knoll along the
coulee’s edge. One hundred years later, Otto
and Nellie Knutson build and settle in the
homestead at the north end of the Glen.
37
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
♦
NORTH
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Homestead N,o.de
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Commercial Node
Kagy Blvd
“Neighborhoods or communities that
offer a mix of housing, needed services,
and opportunities within close proximity
of each other are considered “complete
communities”. They promote walking
or short commutes to the things in life
we value and depend on including jobs,
schools, places of worship, friends,
goods and services, open spaces, trails,
appropriately scaled urban agriculture
such as community gardens, and more.”
- Bozeman Community Plan 2020 Bozeman Trail Rd 38
3. A Complimentary District
The Bozeman community is defined by a variety
of unique districts that provide specific services,
feature distinct built environments, and offer diverse
experiences. This is recognized by the Community
Plan which declares “our City is bolstered by
our Downtown, Midtown, University and other
commercial districts and neighborhood centers that
are characterized by higher densities and intensities
of use.” The Subarea Plan envisions the Bozeman
Health Deaconess Regional Medical Center as the
nucleus of a new complimentary district.
The Bozeman Health District
Like the others identified in the Community Plan, the
Bozeman Health district will be a complete and self-
sufficient neighborhood but will also complement
other nearby districts.
The envisioned evolution of Bozeman Health’s
property represents a unique opportunity for
responsible infill development. The Bozeman Health
district would take advantage of and improve existing
community assets. The Subarea Plan represents a
counterbalance to the recent expansion of town to
the west without requiring annexation and the costly
extension of public services.
The addition of more residences and expanded
medical facilities in the Bozeman Health area will
help support the MSU, Downtown, Midtown, and the
Northeast Neighborhood districts. The proximity of
these districts to one another will allow residents and
employees to conveniently access a wider variety of
services.
Interconnected Districts
The symbiotic relationship between the districts on
the east side of the community will rely on robust
multimodal connectivity. The Subarea Plan proposes
an extensive active transportation network that would
connect to existing shared use paths, trails, and bike
lanes. Proactively planning multimodal connectivity
would allow residents and visitors numerous low-
stress options to travel within and between the
Bozeman Health, MSU, Downtown, Midtown, and
Northeast Neighborhood Districts.
39 2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
l
Com,pl memtC11ry D • ·' rid
~18yColor ,
Figure 11. Bozeman Districts Map
402024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
to “strengthen programs, places, and partnerships to
meet changing community needs.”
Recreation, and Active Transportation (PRAT) Plan goal
and trails supports Bozeman’s recently adopted Park, This collaborative vision to connect and manage parks
The proposed linear parks lining the perimeter of
Highland Glen would establish a network of highly
accessible green spaces. Highland Glen and associated
linear parks would complement, enhance, and
connect to Burke Park (aka Peet’s Hill), Lindley Park,
and Painted Hills trail corridor.
Connected Parks & Trails
for the Bozeman Health district and the greater
community.
open space preserve and a healthy recreation hub The Subarea Plan imagines the Glen as both a natural
wholistic management strategy.
Homestead and Trailhead community nodes will
improve access to the Glen and contribute to a
is well-managed in a collaborative way. The proposed
GVLT, BSF, and the City to ensure that Highland Glen Bozeman Health intends to continue partnering with
respond to, help preserve, and enhance the Glen.
Glen directly influences how the other Subarea
Plan framework elements are defined, located, and
interact with one another. The linear parks, active
transportation system, and internal street network all
access, and enhancing its accessibility. As such, the
is preserving Highland Glen, perpetuating public
The backbone of the Subarea Plan’s framework
Preserve Highland Glen
influenced by the natural open space of the Glen.
protects our natural environment and our well-
managed open space and parks system.” As envisioned
by the Plan, the Bozeman Health district is heavily
outdoor-conscious population that honors and
A high priority of the Subarea Plan is to protect
and enhance Highland Glen. Therefore, no part
of the Community Plan resonates more than its acknowledgement that Bozeman is home to “an
4. A District Influenced by
Natural Environment, Parks, &
Open Lands
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Figure 12. Framework Elements: Highland Glen & Linear Parks Map Highland Blvd 41
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
♦
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“Bozeman’s physical landscape provides
residents and visitors variety when
moving amongst its streets, bike paths,
and trails. This variety is often noted
as an important part of Bozeman’s
unique character – to experience open,
agricultural, and recreational spaces
just minutes from dense, urban corridors
from the seat of a bike or a car, a bus, or
when walking.”
- Bozeman Community Plan 2020 Bozeman Trail Rd 42
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
5. A District Prioritizing
Accessibility & Mobility
A primary goal of the Subarea Plan defines a
transportation vision that accommodates vehicle
access but prioritizes active transportation. Therefore,
the backbone of the mobility network is system
of shared use paths that provide connectivity to,
from, and within the Bozeman Health district. This
mobility plan embodies the goal of the Community
Plan to equally “provide safe, efficient mobility for
pedestrians, cyclists, transit users, and drivers.”
Shared Use Paths
The recommended shared use paths create
an extensive network of year-round routes for
pedestrians, bicyclists, and other micromobility
users. Wide paved paths are located adjacent to
the Highland Glen linear parks to not only provide
continuous access but also to serve a buffer between
the streets and the greenspaces.
Shared use paths are the only paved transportation
infrastructure proposed to bisect Highland Glen.
Previous plans included local streets cutting through
the Glen in several locations. Doing so would not be
feasible due to the steep grades and spanning the
Glen with streets would be cost prohibitive. But more
important, the introduction of streets and vehicles
would damage the Glen’s open space, natural habitat,
and recreational trail system. The proposed shared
use paths traverse the Glen in a sensitive way that
would preserve the natural setting while providing
efficient transportation connectivity.
Figure 13. Framework Elements:
Active Transportation Network Map Highland Blvd “An affordable, livable, sustainable city should grow with reduced reliance on driving
alone to reach daily destinations. Active transportation increases daily physical
activity, improving health and lowering healthcare costs. Thoughtful community
planning provides residents and visitors with a wide range of transportation options.
Appropriately designed trails, sidewalks, crossings, bike lanes, and transit networks
help us move around our neighborhoods and promote safe, efficient passage to our
destinations.”
- Bozeman Community Plan 2020
43
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..----,. ail Rd zeman TrBoKagy Blvd ♦
NORTH
442024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Safe Street Crossings
A critical component of a comprehensive active
transportation network is safe street crossings for
pedestrians and bicyclists. When streets carry a large
amount of traffic or higher vehicle speeds a safe
crossing must be what is technically called “grade
separated”. The Subarea Plan calls for four tunnels to
provide grade-separated street crossings. Two would
connect across Highland Boulevard to and from the
Deaconess Regional Medical Center. The other two
would connect the proposed shared use paths and
existing natural trails to the Burke Park and Painted
Hills trail systems.
More than Complete Streets
The internal local street network proposed by the
Subarea Plan would meet or exceed the City’s
“complete street” requirements for vehicle lanes,
bike facilities, landscaped boulevards, lighting, and
sidewalks. The streets adjacent to the proposed linear
parks would be “parkways” to create safe, low-stress
environments. Likewise, “bike boulevards” should be
incorporated into the local street network to provide
additional multimodal neighborhood routes.
The Subarea Plan’s shared use paths, bike boulevards,
and parkways combined with the existing Highland
Glen trails would help implement the PRAT Plan active
transportation goal to “connect the community with
safe and enjoyable pedestrian and bicycle facilities.”
Integrated Transit
The envisioned mix of land uses and moderate density
of future development would provide the critical
mass necessary to warrant Streamline servicing
the Bozeman Health district with public transit. The
addition of transit services to the other proposed
transportation modes would create a holistic mobility
system for the Bozeman Health district.
Bike Boulevards
Bike boulevards, also known as neighborhood
greenways, are local streets that prioritize bicyclists,
pedestrians, and micromobility users of all ages and
abilities. The goal of a bike boulevard is to increase
bike and pedestrian comfort, safety, and accessibility
to provide more active transportation opportunities
through urban settings. Although vehicle traffic is still
allowed on these boulevards, cars are demoted to
secondary users.
Creating successful bike boulevards require
implementing a variety of strategies including traffic-
calming mechanisms, ample signage and pavement
markings, and protected crossings.
A local example of a bike boulevard is currently
in progress in Bozeman. The City of Bozeman
has identified Black Avenue as a designated bike
boulevard and is in the process of implementing
a temporary version to gather data and feedback
before permanent implementation. The Black Avenue
bike boulevard will include quick-build delineators,
planters, signs, and pavement markings.
↑ (Left) Photograph of a bike boulevard by Payton Chung, under a CC BY 2.0 license
↑ (Right) Photograph of bike boulevard signage by Erica Fischer, under a CC BY 2.0 license
Parkways
Parkways are scenic roadways located alongside
public green spaces such as linear parks,
streams, or lakes and are designed to establish
public access to those natural spaces and their
associated recreation opportunities.
Parkways are characterized by narrow vehicle
lanes, traffic-calming features, mid-block tabletop
pedestrian and bike crossings, tree-planted
medians and boulevards, and slow vehicle speeds.
Being recreational in nature, they are not intended
for motor vehicle through traffic. In addition,
parkways are typically paired with an adjacent
shared use path for pedestrian and bike use.
Street parking along one side of the parkway next
to the public natural areas can provide improved
access to the green spaces, shared use paths, and
park amenities.
↑ (Top) Photograph of a parkway shared use path and street by Ben, stock.adobe.com
↑ (Bottom) Photograph of a parkway in Minneapolis, MN by Minneapolis Public Works, under a CC BY 2.0 license
Thoughtfully developing medical, commercial, and
residential projects in close proximity fosters an ideal
environment for affordable and workforce housing.
workforce housing to support those who are
employed by the Deaconess Regional Medical Center.
opportunities for employees working in the district.
Specifically, the Highland Agricultural Tract presents
a prime location for the development of affordable
townhomes to apartments would provide living
options ranging from single detached homes to
businesses, but also to residents. Diverse housing
medical offices, and complimentary commercial
The Bozeman Health district would not only be home
to the Deaconess Regional Medical Center, other
A Diverse Live-Work District
regional medical center.
would create a synergistic economic environment
fostering Bozeman Health continued growth as a
complementary commercial development would
likely include a hotel, a variety of food and beverage
establishments, and related small businesses. The
expanded variety of medical and commercial services
the needs of more patients, visitors, and employees,
east side of Highland Boulevard. To accommodate
other medical and commercial services. Additional
outpatient needs could be served by locating new
and expanded primary health care facilities along the
As the Bozeman Health Deaconess Regional
Medical Center grows it will need the support of
Deaconess Regional Medical Center
powered by the talents of its residents, a dedicated
and engaged business community, and strong regional
partnerships.”
by contributing to “an expanding economy that is
of this mission and aligns with the Community Plan
The Subarea Plan supports the continued evolution
of services at scale across an ever-growing geography.
become a regional medical provider offering a variety
Bozeman Health’s primary mission is to improve
community health and quality of life. Over the
decades this mission has propelled Bozeman Health to
6. A District Powered by an
Innovative & Entrepreneurial
Economy
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Figure 14. Framework Elements: Future Medical & Commercial Map Highland Blvd 47
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
♦
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fUtture Medical &. Commer,c;·a
Kagy Blvd
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Bozeman Trail Rd “Community development oriented on
centers of employment and activity shorten
travel distances and encourage multi-modal
transportation, increase business synergies,
and permit greater efficiencies in the delivery
of public services.”
- Bozeman Community Plan 2020
48
The Deaconess Regional Medical
Center Campus
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Since relocating Bozeman Deaconess Hospital to
the property along Highland Boulevard in 1986, the
campus has grown significantly into a regional medical
center. Five medical office buildings were constructed
between 1990 and 2016. The emergency department
was expanded in 1999. And most recently, the critical
care tower was completed in 2020. As Bozeman
Health continues to evolve so will the Deaconess
Regional Medical Center.
Master Campus Plan
In 2023, Bozeman Health formulated a master campus
plan to strategically expand their capacity to meet the
community’s increasing demand for inpatient and
outpatient medical care.
This plan considers adding a sixth medical office
building, expanding the emergency department,
expanding the critical care tower, and constructing a
parking garage.
The campus plan also focuses on providing better
patient convenience by constructing an enclosed
wayfinding concourse connecting several building
entrances. Additional landscaped open spaces are
proposed to beautify the campus and provide more
welcoming approaches along Highland Boulevard.
49
Figure 15. Bozeman Health Master Campus Plan
er Campus Plan
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2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan 50
5CHAPTER 5: IMPLEMENTATION
5. Implementation
This chapter outlines factors that will guide and
impact when and how the Subarea Plan vision
can be realized. The Plan does not obligate Bozeman
Health to implement all or any of the outlined
framework elements. Likewise, with formal adoption,
the City of Bozeman is not obligated to implement the
public improvements referenced in this Plan.
Any implementation that does come to fruition will
likely involve collaboration between Bozeman Health
and the City of Bozeman on many levels addressed
below. Implementation will be phased and take
years if not decades to materialize. Seeing this vision
become a reality will require an openness to be
flexible, continued community participation, building
upon existing partnerships, and establishing new
collaborative relationships.
Future Development
Bozeman Health recognizes that their property could
play a positive role in the evolution and growth of the
community. The Subarea Plan establishes a framework
for vibrant neighborhoods but does not contemplate
future development in certain terms. The Community
Plan “approaches growth as something that overall is
positive but recognizes that it does not come without
drawbacks and that the community will change over
time.”
To guide positive outcomes and limit negative impacts,
the City has adopted land development regulations.
Land planning and development policies address the
issue of growth by answering the question of “If so,
how.”
Land Uses & Density
As outlined in Chapter 2, this Plan generally accepts the
future land uses for the Bozeman Health property as
prescribed by the Community Plan. Correspondingly,
Bozeman Health’s land use objectives include utilizing
the Community Plan designations of Parks & Open
Lands, Urban Neighborhood, Residential Mixed Use,
Community Commercial Mixed Use, and Regional
Commercial & Services.
52
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Figure 16. 10-year Conceptual
Land Use Scenario
Conceptual Land Use &Density Scenario
FOR ILLUSTRATIVE PURPOSES ONLY
This illustration shows a concept of how future
land uses and corresponding densities might be
planned during the lifespan of the Subarea Plan
(approximately 10 years). This concept is not
prescriptive, nor does it represent any form of
planning entitlement by being included here. Highland Blvd 53
Beyond recognizing the intended future land uses,
the Subarea Plan does not project more detailed
development patterns or estimate potential densities.
Specific development scenarios will be determined in
the future by others following the City’s land planning
processes and development regulations described
below.
Each of these future land uses have one or more
applicable zoning designations which define
appropriate development use and intensity standards.
These standards are meticulously articulated in the
Bozeman Unified Development Code (UDC).
The UDC prescribes minimum and maximum dwelling
units per acre for each residential zoning designation.
Both the residential and commercial zoning
designations regulate building scale and mass with
specific standards for property line setbacks, lot area
coverage, and maximum building heights. The UDC
also mandates minimum amounts of open space and
parkland for residential developments in addition to
required amounts of pedestrian-oriented open space
for commercial developments.
The City has invested considerable time and resources
updating these land use and development policies to
accomplish the vision and goals of the Community
Plan, and thus the UDC is a regulatory reflection of the
community’s shared values. Nonetheless, there are
inherent realities about growth poignantly articulated
in the Community Plan:
“Regulations can do many things to ensure adequate
physical facilities and a visually appealing and
functional development of sites. They provide a
framework within which people may pursue dreams
of their own homes and businesses. For all they can
accomplish, there are some things they cannot do.
They do not prevent change or guarantee that change
will happen in the way any particular person prefers.”
542024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
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2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Challenges & Constraints
City planning documents, land use policies, and
development regulations govern how growth can
occur, but other challenges and constraints also
influence property development. The ability to serve
new development with public and community services
will play a pivotal role in the future of Bozeman
Health’s property east of Highland Boulevard.
Transportation Network
A comprehensive analysis of the existing transportation
network, potential traffic demand increases, and
corresponding infrastructure improvements will need
to be conducted to determine future development
impacts. The Subarea Plan strives to minimize single-
occupancy vehicle impacts by prioritizing walking,
biking, and public transit.
Future master site and site planning efforts will
require formal traffic impact studies and trip
generation sensitivity analyses. This work will identify
existing street capacities and project future traffic
volumes to determine needed network expansions.
In addition, future transportation studies would
evaluate the capacity of and potential improvements
to the following intersections: Main-Highland,
Highland-Old Highland, Highland-Kagy, Kagy-Bozeman
Trail, Bozeman Trail-Haggerty, Haggerty-Main.
Any future transportation network and intersection
capacity analyses will require coordination with the
Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) as
Main Street is a state highway and Kagy Boulevard is
an MDT Urban Route.
Public Utilities
Any future development contemplated in the Subarea
Plan will require detailed analysis of public water and
sanitary sewer services. This work will be performed
as part of future master site and site planning efforts.
Water and sewer demands will need to be calculated
based on proposed land uses and densities. These
demands will be input into the City of Bozeman utility
models to determine if the existing infrastructure
has the necessary capacity to accommodate the new
uses. If not, upgrades and improvements to the water
and sewer systems will be required. If, over time, the
full extent of the Subarea Plan comes to fruition, the
City of Bozeman may need to locate new Public Works
facilities in the area to support the additional water
and sewer services.
Taking a more holistic view, the ability to service new
development is dependent on regional, national,
and global pressures on water. The City of Bozeman
accesses its water from a closed basin which includes
three main sources: Lyman Spring, Sourdough Creek,
and Hyalite Reservoir. Assuming a consistent 4%
growth rate, the City has estimated that “water
demand will outpace the reliable yield of the existing
water supply in 2033.” Therefore, to some extent,
changing climate and limited supply will likely impact
the community’s ability to provide enough water for
competing uses.
These challenges could be mitigated by implementing
sustainable water and energy systems at scale. This
could include implementing wastewater recycling,
renewable solar energy, or geothermal energy
systems that would serve the entire neighborhood.
Public Services
As Bozeman continues to grow other public services
like police, fire, and schools continually expand to
meet the additional needs of the community. If the
Bozeman Health property east of Highland and other
nearby properties see significant development, the
City of Bozeman may need to consider locating a new
fire and police facility nearby.
Likewise, the Bozeman School District would likely
evaluate the feasibility of building a new school in the
area with any significant residential development.
Opportunities
The Subarea Plan highlights several opportunities
to perpetuate Bozeman Health’s long-standing
commitments to their property’s agricultural heritage
and public access. The land use objectives in Chapter
2 clearly establish these as foundational elements of
Bozeman Health’s vision for the property.
Agriculture
In 2023 Bozeman Health leased the 317-acres of
farmable land east of Highland Boulevard to Montana
55
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
“For new people and businesses to come and establish in the
community the City must be able to provide land area, utility
services, and other functions. It is the long standing policy of
the City to balance the interests of new and existing residents.
Therefore, the City has established standards and procedures to
strive to ensure that new development proportionately contributes
to the services and facilities needed to support new development.”
– Bozeman Community Plan 2020
56
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
–
—
–
State University’s Agricultural Experiment Station
as part of the Foundation Seed Program. After
generations of family farming, this new relationship
represents the next chapter in the area’s long history
of agricultural use.
For Bozeman Health the MSU lease is an opportunity
to continue their legacy of land stewardship.
The partnership allows MSU to cultivate several
foundation seed varieties and will also provide
numerous research opportunities for soil science
and precision agriculture. Bozeman Health intends
to continue leasing Highland Glen for seasonal
livestock use. For many years, a generational rancher
has pastured cow-calf pairs in the Glen between the
months of June and October.
As discussed in Chapters 3 and 4, the Highland
Glen homestead community node will honor the
agricultural heritage of the property.
Another possible opportunity to carry on the land's
agricultural heritage is through the intentional
development of "agrihoods." An agrihood is a
primarily residential neighborhood designed to
revolve around shared community agriculture that is
inherently woven throughout the neighborhood. The
local production of sustainable food by community
members provides a community nexus both physically
and socially; fostering a strong sense of relationship
to the land, food, and one another. This agrihood
model could replace conventional urban residential
development onone of the existing agricultural tracts.
Public Access
Bozeman Health will continue to partner with the City
of Bozeman, Gallatin Valley Land Trust (GVLT), and
Bridger Ski Foundation (BSF) to provide public access
and year-round recreational opportunities at Highland
Glen. Whether by renewing the current land use
licenses or by contractual means, these community
partnerships are invaluable to programming and
managing a variety of healthy outdoor uses.
There is a current opportunity for Bozeman Health
to coordinate with the City, GVLT, and BSF to create
a Master Trail Plan for Highland Glen. This master
plan could identify future trail improvements, outline
ongoing and long-term maintenance needs, establish
operational best practices, and identify the roles and
responsibilities of each partner. In addition, this plan
Community Commitment to Public Access:
“Bozeman Health is inspired by a desire to take
outdoor active and healthy lifestyles and combine them with traditional services including behavioral
health to increase health and wellness in a way that is accessible to all. Our leadership `care team members and
community have grown to love since beginning our trails
partnerships in 2013.”
– Bozeman Health
“The Gallatin Valley Land Trust is so proud of our decade long partnership with Bozeman Health and the incredible trails we have built together at Highland Glen. We look
forward to engaging in this planning process to ensure the future of those trails and to envision new ways to
connect our community to the land.”
Gallatin Valley Land Trust
“The Bridger Ski Foundation is committed to the stewardship of the Highland
Glen Trails. Highland Glen has served as a centerpiece
of Bozeman’s trail network accommodating hundreds of users daily from kids
after school ski lessons, to community members getting
out for a lunch break, to free weekend family fun days. BSF looks forward
to working with Bozeman Health and the community
on this land use plan.”
Bridger Ski Foundation
57
should begin to contemplate how to integrate the
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
proposed shared use paths bisecting the Glen.
The master trail plan would also provide valuable
insights into the future funding needs to maintain
and improve the Glen’s national-class recreation
opportunities.
Land Management
The Highland Glen Nature Preserve Land Management
Plan was prepared for Bozeman Health in 2015
by the Montana State University Department of
Animal and Range Sciences. The plan acknowledges
that “Bozeman Health desires to sustain the land’s
ecological health and ecosystem services, and
Bozeman Health desires to be a good neighbor to
adjacent landowners. If compatible with these goals,
Bozeman Health also wishes to: 1) provide year-round
public recreational opportunities, and 2) generate
income for Bozeman Health and support the Gallatin
Valley economy by leasing cropland to a local farmer
and leasing livestock grazing to a local rancher.”
The management plan documents the water,
vegetation, wildlife, and historical resources of the
Glen. It also establishes land management actions
that include cattle grazing, weed control, recreation,
ecological monitoring, and lease agreements. The
Plan outlines how agricultural uses, resources
management, and public recreation will be integrated.
Bozeman Health intends to continue these land
management efforts with their community partners.
The complete land management plan is included in
Appendix B: Natural Resources & Management.
In addition, the Subarea Plan acknowledges the
City-accepted 2023 Gallatin Valley Sensitive Lands
Protection Plan. The Subarea Plan supports multiple
themes identified by the Sensitive Lands Protection
Plan including habitat preservation and maintaining
historic agricultural uses. By preserving Highland Glen
as a significant open space corridor and continuing
agricultural partnerships on the land, the Subarea
Plan conserves these important resources.
Planning Processes
The City of Bozeman has a variety of planning
documents that work in conjunction to guide the
continued evolution of the community. The 2018
Bozeman Strategic Plan includes Vision Statement #4
entitled ‘A Well-Planned City’. In turn, the Community
Plan and the Bozeman Health Subarea Plan are
“influenced by, and will influence, a number of other
local plans, guidelines, policies, and manuals. These
are intended to be used together to achieve a set of
community goals while minimizing redundancies.”
Land Use Planning
Land use and development involve a series of
sequential planning processes. Each step described
below has a finer scope and more detailed design
requirements than the last. The process also provides
additional opportunities for public engagement.
1. Subarea Plan applies the goals and objective
of the Community Plan to a more specific
‘neighborhood’ or district. The City requested
Bozeman Health create a new subarea plan to
replace the outdated 2006 Subarea Plan.
2. Master Site Plan is required for each distinct
part of a Subarea Plan. A Master Site Plan
outlines the phased development of a
particular property.
3. Site Plan or Subdivision is required for each
development project within an approved
Master Site Plan.
4. Public Infrastructure Plan is required to
design, improve, and construct new public
streets, water mains, sewer mains, and
stormwater management systems.
5. Building Permit is required to construct each
building or component of an approved Site
Plan.
Other Related Plans
A wide variety of City of Bozeman planning documents
are germane to this Subarea Plan. They include the
2017 Water Facility Plan, 2015 Wastewater Collection
Facilities Plan, 2017 Bozeman Transportation Master
Plan, and 2023 Parks, Recreation, and Activie
Transportation Plan. Likewise, some Gallatin County
and regional plans are relevant including the 2021
Triangle Trails Plan, 2022 Greater Triangle Area
Transportation Plan, and the 2023 Gallatin Valley
Sensitive Lands Protection Plan.
58
A APPENDIX A:
Existing Conditions
A.2
east side of Highland is bordered by both water and sewer mains beneath Highland Boulevard to the west. A water main beneath Kagy Boulevard terminates at the most southwest corner of the undeveloped
Subarea Plan land and another water main beneath Bozeman Trail terminates at the northeast corner
of the undeveloped Subarea Plan land. Both water
undeveloped portion of the Subarea Plan on the
Municipal water, sewer, and stormwater mains currently service the development on the west side of
Highland Boulevard, including the Deaconess Regional Medical Center and the Knolls neighborhood. The
Municipal Utilities
Kagy Boulevard west of the most southern boundary.
unsignalized intersection of Highland Boulevard and
and Ellis Street on the north boundary and the
the signalized intersection of Highland Boulevard
along the north. The area is primarily serviced by
along the east, and partially by the local Ellis Street
Subarea Plan boundary. Highland Boulevard is the
only arterial street that runs through the Subarea Plan
area. The other roads within the plan boundary are
all local streets located on the west side of Highland
Boulevard. These include Old Highland Boulevard,
Aspen Point Drive, Knolls Drive, Josephine Drive,
Kenyon Drive, and Post Drive. The plan’s boundary
is bordered by the principal arterial Kagy Boulevard
along the south, minor arterial Bozeman Trail Road
There are relatively few existing roads within the
Transportation
Existing Facilities
Urban Neighborhood. See page A.6 for a map of the
future land use designations.
Living, The Knolls, and the eastern majority of the
undeveloped agricultural land are designated as
Mixed Use; the area adjacent to the north of New
Hyalite View Subdivision is designated as Residential
Mixed Use; and the areas spanning Hillcrest Senior
Regional Medical Center is designated as Regional
Commercial and Services; the areas directly to the
west and the area across Highland Boulevard to the
east of the Deaconess Regional Medical Center, as
well as a small area at the southern end of Highland
Glen, are designated as Community Commercial
to specific properties. Presently, the Deaconess
is found within the Community Plan guides what
types of uses and zoning districts can be applied
The City of Bozeman’s Future Land Use map that
Future Land Use
map of the current zoning designations.
the City’s Community Plan. See Figure #/Page # for a
Residential Suburban District (R-S). Although these
designations make up the City’s current zoning,
some of the designations do not align with the City
of Bozeman’s Future Land Use map that is detailed in
The remainder of the Subarea Plan land is zoned as
is zoned as Residential Low-Density District (R-1).
3). The area across Highland Boulevard from the
Knolls and North of New Hyalite View Subdivision
Residential-Office District (R-O). The Knolls at Hillcrest
is zoned as Residential Medium Density District (R-
Currently, the Deaconess Regional Medical Center
and the large area to the east of Highland Boulevard
adjacent to the Deaoness Regional Medical Center
are zoned as Community Business District (B-2). The
area surrounding Hillcrest Senior Living, including
the undeveloped 7 acres of the Knolls, is zoned as
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
* For Historical Perspective, Demographics,
Socioeconomics, and Physiography see the 2020
Bozeman Community Plan Appendix C
Land Use
Current Land Use
Much of the land addressed in Bozeman Health’s
Subarea Plan is currently undeveloped, primarily
used for agricultural purposes and publicly accessible
natural open space. The presently developed portions
of the Subarea Plan area are located on the west side
of Highland Boulevard. This development includes
the main Bozeman Health Deaconess Regional
Medical Center, Hillcrest Senior Living, and the Knolls
at Hillcrest residential neighborhood. Because most
of the area west of Highland Boulevard is already
developed, the plan primarily focuses on the land
located east of Highland Boulevard. This area is
comprised of three undeveloped agricultural tracts
that are bisected by the Highland Glen natural space,
totaling to approximately 455 acres.
Current Zoning
A.3
mains provide opportunity to be extended along undeveloped land and Highland Glen, running from
their respective roads to service potential future New Hyalite View Subdivision to east Ellis Street along development within the undeveloped agricultural the bottom of the glen. tracts. In addition, an existing sewer main bisects the
Current Land Use Map
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Ad 111 i nistrative\Professi anal □ Right-of-Way
■ Park or Open Space □ . Undeveloped
Single-Household Residential 0 Vacant
■ Commercial Auto □ LEGEND Subarea Boundary
↑Map by City of Bozeman GIS A.4
Zoning Map
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
R-1 (Residential Single-Household, Low ■ R-3 (Residential Medium Density) ■ B-2 (Co mmunity Business)
Density) ■ R-4 (Residential High Density) ■ BP (Business Park)
R-S (Residential Suburban)
■ □ R-0 (Residential Office) ■ M-1 (Light Manufacturing)
■ PU (Public Lands/lnstirtut ions) LEGENDA.5
Subarea Boundary
↑Map by City of Bozeman GIS
Future Land Use Map
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Urban Nei1ghborhood ■ Regional Commercial and Services ■ lndustri1al □
■ Traditional Core ■ Community Commercial Mixed Use ■ Public lnsti1tutions
■ Res idential Mixed Lise ■ Maker Space Mixed Use ■ Parks and Open La11ds LEGEND↑Map by City of Bozeman GIS
Subarea Boundary
A.6
Transportation Network
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
--Principal Arterial
Minor Arterial
--Collector
Local Street
□ LEGENDA.7
Subarea Boundary
↑Map by City of Bozeman GIS
Current Utilities Map
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
□
Wastewater
Water Main
Stormwater
Subarea BounLEGEND ↑Map by City of Bozeman
Main
Main
dary
GIS A.8
B APPENDIX B:
Natural Resources & Managment
B.2
Geography & Physical
Conditions
Topography
Generally, the topography of Subarea Plan properties
is characterized by gently rolling hills, sloping north or
northeast. However, this rolling landscape is naturally
divided by a stark drainage coulee that stretches
north-south, splitting the undeveloped agricultural
land into three large tracts. The coulee, called
Highland Glen, is delineated by steep slopes on the
east and west sides, with the steepest slopes along
the east edge.
Water, Streams, & Wetlands
There is one drainage watercourse that flows along
the bottom of the coulee within the Highland Glen
area. A few ephemeral drainages feed into the glen
from the west. Wetlands and riparian areas can be
found along the watercourse at the bottom of the
coulee.
Current Natural Conditions LEGENDSubarea Boundary
5’ Contours
Waterways
Highland Glen
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan B.3 ↑Map by City of Bozeman GIS
-Shared Use Paths
-Trails
□ LEGEND Subarea Boundary
Trails & Shared Use Paths Map
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Trail System & Highland Glen
Highland Glen refers to the significant drainage
coulee found within the study area of the Subarea
Plan. The Glen is currently home to a robust trail
network that is publicly accessible all year round for
walking, running, biking, and cross-country skiing.
The trail system is maintained by two local non-profit
organizations, GVLT and BSF. The trails in Highland
Glen are used heavily and valued greatly by many
Bozeman Community members.
Vegetation
The undeveloped agriculture portions of the study
area are primarily dominated by agricultural crops
species such as barley, wheat, peas, and lentils.
Highland Glen is dominated by typical Montana
grassland and forb varieties, shrubs such as sagebrush
and willow, and various tree species including
cottonwood and aspen.
↑Map by City of Bozeman GIS B.4
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2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan B.5 ↑Map by Gallatin Valley Land Trust
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2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan ↑Map by Bridger Ski Foundation` B.6
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Land Management Plan
* The Highland Glen Nature Preserve Land Management Plan from 2015, updated in 2024, is included on the
following pages
HIGHLAND GLEN NATURE PRESERVE LAND MANAGEMENT PLAN
Prepared for: Bozeman Health May 5, 2015
Prepared by: Jeff Mosley, PhD Extension Range Management Specialist Department of Animal and Range Sciences Montana State University Bozeman, MT 59717-2900 Office: 406-994-5601 Cell: 406-579-8177 FAX: 406-994-5589 Email: jmosley@montana.edu
Reviewed and referenced annually for ongoing operations: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024
Reviewed by: Brianne Rogers, Consultant Bird Dog Strategies, LLC Email: briannerogers@gmail.com Cell: 406-579-2921
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This plan describes how Bozeman Health (BH) will manage about 430 acres of undeveloped land near Bozeman Health Deaconess Hospital in Bozeman, Montana. BH desires to sustain the land’s ecological health and ecosystem services, and BH desires to be a good neighbor to adjacent landowners. If compatible with these goals, BH also wishes to: 1) provide year-round public recreational opportunities, and 2) generate income for BH and support the Gallatin Valley economy by leasing cropland to a local farmer and leasing livestock grazing to a local rancher. Current land health is generally good to excellent, with the notable exception of a large infestation of the noxious weed common tansy and much smaller infestations of the noxious weeds Canada thistle, hound’s tongue, musk thistle, and spotted knapweed. The cropland lessee will be responsible for weed control on the cropland, and a licensed contractor will be responsible for weed control within the cropland field buffers and throughout the remainder of the property. Light to moderate-intensity cattle grazing from July 15-October 15 each year will be used to suppress the noxious weed Canada thistle, enhance wildlife habitat and biological diversity, and reduce the threat of wildfire. Motorized machinery is permitted for operational purposes for the farmer and rancher lessees. Motorized scooters for handicapped trail users are permitted; pedal-powered bicycles are also permitted. No other motorized recreation will be permitted. Working with Gallatin Valley Land Trust (GVLT), BH will update and add to existing signage at trailheads to interpret the land’s ecology and significant history for recreational users. Signs will be installed at all trailheads to inform recreational users about farming and cattle grazing on the property and to advise people about how to safely coexist with the farming and cattle grazing as they recreate. Any trail changes or additions will be coordinated between BH and GVLT.
B.7
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
2 | Page
2.0 INTRODUCTION Bozeman Health (BH) owns about 430 acres of undeveloped land near Bozeman Health Deaconess Hospital inside the city limits of Bozeman, Montana (Figure 1). The undeveloped land is located in Township 2 South, Range 6 East, Section 17. About 295 acres are cropland and leased for farming. About 135 acres are rangeland, with about 119 acres of the rangeland leased for cattle grazing. The weed management plan outlined below applies to the 430 acres of undeveloped cropland and rangeland. This plan revises and replaces the BH Bozeman Trail Coulee Land Management Plan dated January 24, 2012. This revision has been prepared with input and assistance from the Gallatin Valley Land Trust, Gallatin County Weed District, and faculty and students from the Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences at Montana State University. The MSU ENSC 443 (Weed Ecology and Management) Fall 2014 students put together a project paper analyzing weed management alternatives that have been considered in the creation of this comprehensive plan. The BH Subarea Plan completed in April 2006 describes the long-term vision for the 430 acres. Most of this land will eventually be developed to include commercial and residential uses, with about 100 of the rangeland acres dedicated to remain undeveloped in a linear park (Highland Glen Nature Preserve). The purpose of this plan is to guide land management actions until commercial and residential development occurs. BH will review and possibly update this plan at least once every 5 years.
3.0 LAND MANAGEMENT GOALS BH desires to sustain the land’s ecological health and ecosystem services, and BH desires to be a good neighbor to adjacent landowners. If compatible with these goals, BH also wishes to: 1) provide year-round public recreational opportunities, and 2) generate income for BH and support the Gallatin Valley economy by leasing cropland to a local farmer and leasing livestock grazing to a local rancher.
4.0 WATER, VEGETATION, WILDLIFE, AND HISTORICAL/CULTURAL RESOURCES 4.1 Water One unnamed watercourse extends from south to north through Highland Glen Nature Preserve. The stream channel begins where groundwater surfaces near a spring about 1000 feet north of the southern property boundary. The watercourse does not contain fish. One old, unmaintained, excavated stock water pond exists near the northern end of the coulee and is surrounded by tall willow trees. Beavers have constructed several dams along the stream in the northern half of the coulee, and these dams have created small ponds adjoined by aspen, cottonwoods, and other wetland vegetation. The number and size of beaver ponds declined appreciably in 2014 compared with 2011-2013. During years with abundant precipitation, groundwater surfaces in small pools dispersed along the bottom of the coulee’s southern third. The watercourse is generally in good ecological health. Cattle trampling is not excessive along the watercourse. Immediately prior to cattle grazing in summer 2012, woody debris was placed along streambanks at a few small, localized sites to mitigate previous trampling impacts and to prevent cattle from accessing these sites. This action was successful. Similar action is now needed at one site near the north-south center of the coulee where shrubs were removed during recreational trail construction in 2012. Shrub removal allowed cattle to access the streambank in places where they could not do so prior to trail construction. Streambank cattle trampling also needs addressed at one localized site near the northern end of the coulee where decreased beaver activity has lowered the water depth in the stream and lowered the water table, thereby enabling cattle greater access to the streambank and enabling cattle to congregate where they could not previously when beaver activity was greater.
B.8
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
3 | Page
4.2 Vegetation Common plant species present are listed in Table 1. The plant species composition indicates good to excellent ecological health with a few notable exceptions. Five perennial forbs (i.e., broadleaf weeds) require suppression: common tansy, Canada thistle, musk thistle, hound’s tongue, and spotted knapweed. All five of these forbs are officially listed as noxious by the state of Montana or Gallatin County. Consequently, BH is required by law to control these weeds. Common tansy is abundant along the watercourse; Canada thistle is common; hound’s tongue is common along the recreational trails, especially wherever trail construction significantly disturbed the soil; and musk thistle and spotted knapweed are limited to one or two small sites. Gallatin County Weed District personnel treated the infestation of common tansy in spring/early summer 2011 and 2012. These herbicide treatments were very successful and effectively controlled common tansy in the treated sites, but additional sites require treatment. Hound’s tongue and Canada thistle, and common tansy in some places, have increased within the cropland field buffers that were created to provide cross-country ski trails. The BH cropland is leased to Vaughn Kraft, whose family began farming the BH cropland in 1962. The Kraft Family has worked for decades to eradicate weeds on these cropland fields so that the Kraft’s could grow certified (i.e., weed-free) grain seed. Better weed control in the ski-trail field buffer is needed to protect the weed-free status of the Kraft’s grain crop. Another noteworthy vegetation concern is the large amount of wildfire fuel provided by the productive rangeland. Light to moderate-intensity cattle grazing currently reduces the wildfire threat. Mowing could be used as an alternative to cattle grazing in some portions of the rangeland, but steep topography in other portions of the rangeland make mowing unfeasible.
4.3 Wildlife The undeveloped rangeland provides valuable habitat for numerous wildlife species. Mule deer, white-tailed deer, fox, beaver, raccoons and other small mammals, coyotes, raptors, songbirds, and waterfowl are common. Black bears and moose are present infrequently. The area also provides important winter-early spring range for elk. Residential development (e.g., Arrowleaf Hills Subdivison, Eagle Rock Reserve, Triple Tree Subdivision, Trooper Trail area, and Painted Hills Subdivision) eliminated considerable elk winter-spring range to the south of the BH property during the past 20-30 years. Elk grazing distributions and travel patterns also were dramatically altered. However, adjacent land immediately to the south of Highland Glen Nature Preserve owned by the Burkhart-Behring Family has remained agricultural since the beginning of pioneer settlement in the Gallatin Valley, thus providing a travel corridor that enables wintering elk to access Highland Glen Nature Preserve from the foothills of the Gallatin Range. The Burkhart-Behring Family property is anticipated to remain agricultural for the foreseeable future, which may maintain Highland Glen Nature Preserve as valuable winter elk range for the next several years. Elk use of Highland Glen Nature Preserve during spring, however, declined in 2013-2015 because of increased recreational trail use, and it is unlikely Highland Glen Nature Preserve will provide significant spring elk habitat in the future.
4.4 Historical and Cultural Resources Archeological sites are probably present in the coulee, as acknowledged in the BH Subarea Plan (page 2-22). Prior to urban development, the developer will be required to coordinate with the State of Montana’s State Historic Preservation Office to determine whether mitigation is needed, but to date an archaeological survey has not been completed. There is little doubt that the coulee is an important historical site. For centuries, Native American tribes inhabiting lands west and north of present-day Bozeman, including Shoshone, Bannock, Nez Perce, Salish, and Blackfeet, likely traversed the coulee while traveling between the Gallatin Valley and the Paradise Valley via Bear Canyon or Bozeman Pass. In 1806, William Clark of the Corps of Discovery established a survey benchmark on a knoll on the coulee’s edge. Members of the Crow Tribe regularly
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camped in the coulee while interacting with the US military at Fort Ellis during the late 1800s, and an old wagon road that extends the length of the coulee was used by pioneer settlers when travelling to/from the southeast corner of the Gallatin Valley to/from the town of Bozeman. Speculation also exists that this wagon road was an alternative route for Bozeman Trail pioneers to reach Bozeman after entering the Gallatin Valley from the east via either Moffett Gulch or the current route of Interstate 90. The undeveloped rangeland has been grazed by livestock for 140+ years. Current cattle grazing lessee Darrell Kurk, a descendant of pioneer settlers in the Gallatin Valley, was raised on the family ranch located near the mouth of Bear Canyon, and the Kurk Family has been grazing cattle on nearby lands for more than 100 years. Darrell Kurk and Vaughn Kraft, the cropland lessee, are good ambassadors for BH in the course of operating their agricultural leases. Few cultural resources exist on the property. A City of Bozeman sanitary main line sewer is buried in the bottom of the coulee, entering the coulee near the New Hyalite View Subdivision and extending northward the length of the watercourse to Haggerty Lane. This sanitary sewer serves most of the New Hyalite View Subdivision, Highwood Estates, and portions of Graf’s 1st Subdivision. Northwestern Energy maintains an overhead electric power transmission line that crosses the property from east to west, located immediately north of New Hyalite View Subdivision. No permanent buildings exist on the property. The principal recreational resources on the property are the cross-country ski trails and hiking/equine trails. Bridger Ski Foundation created winter recreational trails in fall 2010, and Gallatin Valley Land Trust added summer trails in 2012. Human recreation on the BH property increased dramatically from 2012-2015.
5.0 LAND MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES
5.1 Water 1. Improve streambank stability. 2. Maintain or improve functioning condition of stream.
5.2 Vegetation 1. Suppress noxious weeds. 2. Maintain or enhance vigor and productivity of desirable vegetation. 3. Maintain or reduce the threat of wildfire.
5.3 Wildlife 1. Maintain or enhance wildlife habitat values.
5.4 Historical/Cultural 1. Maintain sewer and power transmission infrastructure. 2. Maintain winter and summer recreation trails. 3. Construct display panels/signs to inform recreational users. 4. Generate farming and cattle grazing lease income to BH.
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6.0 LAND MANAGEMENT ACTIONS 6.1 Cattle Grazing Management
• Estimated livestock grazing capacity at a light-moderate grazing intensity is 90 AUMs (refer to Forage Availability and Use Chart; an AUM = Animal Unit Month, defined as the amount of forage required to support the equivalent of one 1,000-lb cow for one month). Cattle grazing at a light-moderate stocking rate during summer will enhance forage quality for wildlife, increase biological diversity, suppress Canada thistle, and reduce the threat of wildfire.
• Grazing season will be July 15 to October 15. Delaying grazing until mid-July will: 1) allow riparian soils to be drier and less susceptible to trampling damage, and 2) limit plant regrowth after grazing, thereby providing more effective wildfire protection. This grazing season also coordinates well with the Kurk Ranch’s US Forest Service grazing permit that has the same grazing season, and this grazing season is coordinated with the Kurk Ranch’s brucellosis management plan that has been approved by the Montana Department of Livestock. Delaying cattle grazing until after the elk calving season (May to mid-June) decreases potential brucellosis transmission from elk to cattle.
• Stocking rate will be one mature bull plus 12-20 cow/calf pairs (6-10 mature cows and 6-10 young cows; Total = 55 to 89 AUMs; refer to Livestock Inventory Chart). Calves will average about 4 months old when they enter the property.
• Kurk Ranch will purposely select docile cattle to graze on the property.
• Kurk Ranch will carry liability insurance coverage on their cattle that graze on the property.
• Kurk Ranch will move salt/mineral supplemental feeding sites during the grazing season, as needed, to achieve proper grazing distribution. Beginning about 3 weeks before the end of the grazing season (i.e., beginning on or about Sept. 23), Kurk Ranch will begin feeding Bloat Guard blocks to prepare the cattle for exiting the property and transitioning to graze alfalfa aftermath. Feeding Bloat Guard blocks also will make the cattle easier to gather and transport at the end of the grazing season.
• Kurk Ranch will place woody debris along streambanks at selected sites to mitigate previous trampling impacts and to prevent cattle from accessing these sites. Existing downed woody debris in the coulee will be used. In the event more woody debris is needed, hawthorn shrubs/trees ≤ 6-inch dbh (diameter at breast height) will be cut. Cutting hawthorns will reduce the abundance of this undesirable shrub and enhance the regeneration of desirable willows and cottonwoods.
6.2 Weed Control
• Five noxious weed species will be suppressed: 1) common tansy, 2) Canada thistle, 3) hound’s tongue, 4) musk thistle, and 5) spotted knapweed.
• Adapative, integrated weed management will be used, incorporating mowing, hand-pulling, targeted cattle grazing, biological control insects, herbicides, tillage, and other tools as needed.
• The cropland lessee will be responsible for weed control on the cropland.
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• Bozeman Health will provide funding to hire a licensed contractor who will be responsible for weed control within: 1) the cropland field buffer, and 2) the rangeland in Highland Glen Nature Preserve. Only the licensed contractor will be allowed to apply herbicide in these areas.
• All herbicide applications will adhere to Gallatin County Weed District recommendations.
• Herbicide applications will be limited to spot-spraying. Boom spraying will not be allowed.
• The licensed contractor will post signs to inform the public whenever herbicide is being applied. In addition, the licensed contractor will inform Gallatin Valley Land Trust when herbicide application is planned to enable Gallatin Valley Land Trust to use its website and e-newsletter to inform the public of upcoming herbicide applications.
• To limit weed spread from Highland Glen Nature Preserve into the adjacent cropland, the rotary mower used for ski trails will be cleaned of weed seeds each time before entering Section 17, and the ski trails in the crop field boundary will always be cut before cutting the trails within Highland Glen Nature Preserve.
6.3 Recreation Management
• Motorized machinery is permitted for operational purposes for the farmer and rancher lessees. Motorized scooters for handicapped trail users are permitted; pedal-powered bicycles are also permitted. No other motorized recreation will be permitted.
• Any trail changes or additions will be coordinated between BH and GVLT.
• One display panel will be constructed at each trailhead to interpret the land’s ecology and history for recreational users.
• Signs will be installed at all trailheads to inform recreational users that they are entering an area where cattle graze from July 15-October 15. Signs will educate people how grazing by cattle is being purposely applied to enhance wildlife habitat, enhance biological diversity, suppress Canada thistle, and suppress the threat of wildfire. Signs will also advise people to not approach the cattle or attempt to feed them, and remind pet owners to keep their pets under control and not allow them to chase or harass the cattle.
• Signs will be installed at all trailheads entering the adjacent cropland fields to inform recreational users that they are entering an area where farming activities occur such as plowing, seeding, and harvesting. Signs will advise people to avoid the area during those few times a year when farming activities are in progress, and remind pet owners to keep their pets under control and safely away from farm machinery while it is operating.
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6.4 Ecological Monitoring
• Dr. Jeff Mosley, Montana State University Extension Range Management Specialist, will inspect the ecological health of Highland Glen Nature Preserve two or three times annually and provide a brief annual report each year to BH, Vaughn Kraft, and Darrell Kurk.
6.5 Written Lease Agreements
• The cattle grazing lessee (Darrell Kurk) and the farming lessee (Vaughn Kraft) each want to develop separate 5-to 10-year written leases with BH. Only verbal agreements currently exist. When drafted, leases will stipulate weed control objectives and responsibilities.
• Darrell Kurk and Vaughn Kraft each want to continue their agricultural leases with BH for the foreseeable future.
7.0 FUTURE ISSUES The proposed urban development will eliminate the cropland and present several challenges to continued cattle grazing and recreational trail use. Identifying and anticipating these potential challenges now may help all concerned to address them more proactively as urban development approaches. It is anticipated that cattle grazing and recreation can continue to coexist when urban development begins and continue to coexist after urban development has been completed.
1. Sanitary sewer: The proposed development will require replacement of deficient sections of the existing sanitary sewer as well as installation of additional main lines (pages 2-13 and 5-3 BH Subarea Plan).
2. Storm water utilities: Storm water utilities, including additional catch basins, inlets and subsurface piping will deliver runoff to retention areas and ultimately to the watercourse in the bottom of the coulee. Storm water retention areas also will likely be constructed throughout the bottom of the coulee and existing wetlands may become larger (page 2-14, BH Subarea Plan).
3. Electric Power Transmission Line: The existing 50 KV electric power transmission line may be relocated and possibly buried (page 2-22 BH Subarea Plan), potentially impacting fences or creating a need to construct protection around electrical boxes to prevent disturbance by cattle.
4. Roads: a. Anticipated improvements/widening to Kagy Boulevard and Bozeman Trail Road (page 2-17 BH Subarea Plan) will likely alter existing fence locations.
b. It is anticipated that only one roadway will cross the coulee and this will be a bridge (page 2-7 BH Subarea Plan) or pre-cast crossing over the drainage channel (page 2-10 BH Subarea Plan). The roadway crossing will include an elevated road surface to lessen detrimental impacts and allow free migration of animals and pedestrians under the road (page 2-11, BH Subarea Plan). A crossing that allows free migration of deer, elk or other wildlife should also allow free migration of livestock and perhaps horseback riders, too.
c. Collector roads planned to connect Kagy Blvd to Highland Blvd and connect Haggerty Lane, across the coulee, to the Kagy/Highland Blvds collector (page 2-18 BH Subarea Plan) will impact fences. Cattle guards will need to be installed if cattle grazing is planned to continue after road construction.
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B.142024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
hoq:;ltml Sa.z,c! i;;ir.oln aophn d (..a
Hi fi ,'¥>'J ~I
I I Pl Figure 1. BH property including current and future land uses.
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Table 1. Common plant species present in Highland Glen Nature Preserve.
Common Name Scientific Name Noxious Weeds Canada thistle Cirsium arvense Common tansy Tanacetum vulgare Hound’s tongue Cynoglossum officinale Musk thistle Carduus nutans
Spotted knapweed Centaurea stoebe
Grasses and Sedges Beaked sedge Carex rostrata Bluebunch wheatgrass Pseudoroegeneria spicata Creeping meadow foxtail Alopecurus arundinaceus
Idaho fescue Festuca idahoensis Indian ricegrass Achnatherum hymenoides Kentucky bluegrass Poa pratensis Nebraska sedge Carex nebrascensis Orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata Plains reedgrass Calamagrostis montanensis
Redtop Agrostis gigantean Rough fescue Festuca campestris Smooth brome Bromus inermis Timothy Phleum pretense
Forbs American licorice Glycyrrhiza lepidota Arrowleaf balsamroot Balsamorhiza sagittata Aster Aster spp. Camas Camassia sp. Canada goldenrod Solidago Canadensis Common cattail Typha latifolia
Cudweed sagewort Artemisia ludoviciana Dotted blazing star Liatris punctata Northern bedstraw Galium boreale Old man’s whiskers Geum triflorum Silky lupine Lupinus sericeus
Slender cinquefoil Potentilla gracilis Sticky purple geranium Geranium viscosissimum Wavyleaf thistle Cirsium undulatum Western yarrow Achillea millefolium Whitepoint locoweed Oxytropis sericea Yellow salsify Tragopogon dubius
Shrubs/Trees Black cottonwood Populus trichocarpa Mountain big sagebrush Artemisia tridentata spp. vaseyana Quaking aspen Populus tremuloides Red-osier dogwood Cornus stolonifera
Rocky Mountain juniper Juniperus scopulorum
Succulent hawthorn Crataegus succulent Western snowberry Symphoricarpos occidentalis Willow Salix spp. Wood’s rose Rosa woodsii
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Highland Glen
Nature Preserve
Livestock Inventory
Livestock Count/Forage Demand
Kind/Class of Livestock
Animal
Unit
Value
# Month
AUs J F M A M J J A S O N D
Mature cows (non-
lactating) 0.9
#
AUs
Mature cows (lactating) 1.2
# 5.0 10.0 10.0 5.0
AUs 6.0 12.0 12.0 6.0
Young cows (lactating) 1
# 5.0 10.0 10.0 5.0
AUs 5.0 10.0 10.0 5.0
Replacement bred heifers
(18-24 months) 0.8
#
AUs
Replacement yearling
heifers (12-17 months) 0.7
#
AUs
Replacement heifer calves
(6-12 months) 0.5
#
AUs
Calves (4 months through
weaning) 0.3
# 10.0 20.0 20.0 10.0
AUs 3.0 6.0 6.0 3.0
Weaned steer/heifer
calves (6-12 months) 0.5
#
AUs
Yearling steers/heifers (12-
17months) 0.7
#
AUs
Young bulls (12-24
months) 1.2
#
AUs
Mature bulls (2-5 years) 1.5
# 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.5
AUs 0.8 1.5 1.5 0.8
Horses 1.2
#
AUs
Mature ewes (non-
lactating, 150 lbs.) 0.18
#
AUs
Mature ewes (lactating,
150 lbs.) 0.2
#
AUs
Lambs (2 months to
weaning) 0.06
#
AUs
Lambs (weaned to
yearling) 0.12
#
AUs
Yearling lambs 0.15
#
AUs
Rams 0.25
#
AUs
Mature goats 0.15
#
AUs
Yearling goats 0.1
#
AUs
Total
# 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.5 41.0 41.0 20.5 0.0 0.0
AUs 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.8 29.5 29.5 14.8 0.0 0.0
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2024 Bozeman Health Subarea PlanB.1711 | Page Forage Availability and Use Chart Soil Mapping Unit Acres Acre/ AUM AUMs Month J F M A M J J A S O N D Anceny Cobbly Loam, 15-60% slopes 26.1 2.3 11.3 1.8 3.8 3.8 1.9 Blackmore Silt Loam, 4-8 % slopes 14.3 1.3 11.0 1.8 3.7 3.7 1.8 Blackmore Silt Loam, 8-15% slopes 37.6 1.3 28.9 4.9 9.6 9.6 4.8 Enbar-Nythar Loams, 0-4% slopes 37.1 1.0 37.1 6.1 12.4 12.4 6.2 Enbar-Nythar Loams, cool, 0-4% slopes 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 Meagher-Shawmut-Bowery Complex, 15-45% slopes 4.0 2.0 2.0 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.3 Total 119.3 90.5 Total Forage AUMs Available 90.5 14.9 30.3 30.3 15.0 Total AUMs Required 88.6 14.8 29.5 29.5 14.8 Total AUMs Excess/Deficiency 1.9 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.2
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2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan B.18
C APPENDIX C:
Community Plan Amendment
C.2
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
The purpose of this appendix is to document
how the Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
meets the amendment criteria established in
Chapter 5 of the 2020 Bozeman Community
Plan. More specifically, this appendix establishes
how the Subarea Plan will follow the prescribed
amendment process, who is initiating the
process, and conformance with the amendment
criteria.
Amendment Process
The Bozeman Community Plan was formed on the
basis of significant community outreach efforts and
the input of many persons and groups. Alterations,
whether the result of a review as triggered above or
another reason, to the growth policy must provide a
significant opportunity for public participation and
understanding of the proposed changes. Amendments
to the growth policy must meet the same statutory
standards as the original adoption. Therefore, prior to
the adoption of any amendment to the Plan, a public
process must be provided.
A fundamental requirement for public participation
is time for individuals to become aware of proposed
amendments and to study the proposed changes. A
minimum active public review period of three months
is to be expected.
RESPONSE: A variety of community outreach
efforts were executed throughout the 18-month
Subarea planning process that gave ample
opportunities for community members to
become aware of the Subarea Plan and provide
feedback. These engagement strategies included
eleven specific neighborhood and organization
focus group meetings, four public open houses
at the Bozeman Health campus, a project
website documenting the plan development
process, two public feedback surveys via the
open houses and project website, and a 60-
day public review and comment period of the
draft plan. The website documented 2,481 total
visits, 1,658 total unique users, 171 completed
surveys, and 435 downloaded plan documents.
This Plan has been prepared to balance a wide variety
of interests. Changes to the Plan must continue the
balance of needs and interests.
RESPONSE: Like the 2020 Bozeman
Community Plan, the Subarea Plan balances
a variety of interests. The plan addresses the
needs of Bozeman Health, the surrounding
neighborhoods, and the larger Bozeman
community as they each experience their own
growth and evolution.
This Plan has been prepared to be internally
consistent. Internal consistency meets one of the
fundamental purposes of community planning—
coordination between government programs and
policies. All amendments must be carefully evaluated
to ensure that changes do not create conflicts
between goals, maps, or implementation tools. If a
proposed amendment would cause conflicts within
the Plan, additional amendments must be identified
and reviewed so that conflicts are resolved.
RESPONSE: The Subarea Plan is structured
around six themes that were directly adapted
from six of the seven themes of the 2020
Bozeman Community Plan (see the table below).
Thus, the Subarea Plan is structurally consistent
with the Bozeman Community Plan. Moreover,
the Subarea Plan aligns with the key elements
of the Community Plan by advancing the goals
and objectives to support the overall vision of
the Community Plan.
The Subarea Plan does propose changes to the
current City of Bozeman Future Land Use Map.
These revisions will be requested with a formal
Growth Policy Amendment application to ensure
that there are no conflicts between the Future
Land Use Map of the Bozeman Community Plan
and the Subarea Plan amendment.
Bozeman Community Bozeman Health Plan Themes Subarea Plan Themes
A Resilient City A Resilient District
A City of Unique
Neighborhoods A Unique District
C.3
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
A City Bolstered
by Downtown and
Complementary Districts
A Complementary
District
A City Influenced by Our A District Influenced by
Natural Environment, Natural Environment,
Parks, and Open Lands Parks, and Open Lands
A City that Prioritizes A District Prioritizing
Accessibility and Accessibility and
Mobility Mobility
A City Powered by its A District Powered
creative, innovative, by an Innovative
and Entrepreneurial and Entrepreneurial
Economy Economy
A City Engaged in
Regional Coordination *Not Applicable*
Who May Initiate
Amendments
1. City Commission; independently or at the
suggestion of the Planning Board or the City Staff;
2. One or more landowner of property that are the
subject of the amendment to the future land use
map; and
3. Interested members of the public may suggest
modifications to the text.
Any proposed changes to either the text or maps
contained in this Plan must comply with all of the
criteria described below. The burden of proof for
the desirability of a proposed amendment and its
compliance with the criteria lies with the applicant.
Unless all criteria are successfully met by demonstrable
facts, an amendment may not be approved.
RESPONSE: In 2021, the City of Bozeman
Planning Board asked Bozeman Health to update
the 2005 Bozeman Deaconess Health Services
(BDHS) Subarea Plan. The Planning Board's
written request clearly articulated “that the
BDHS Subarea Plan no longer reflects current
community planning goals and policies.” The
Planning Board letter concluded that “given the
potential to create significant development on
hospital property, the Planning Board supports
the creation of a new Subarea Plan to accurately
reflect current community goals.”
The land addressed in the Subarea Plan is
entirely under the ownership of Bozeman
Health within the limits of the City of Bozeman.
Per Option 2 above, the Subarea Plan initiates
a Growth Policy Amendment in the form of a
Future Land Use Map revision. Compliance with
the applicable amendment criteria is articulated
below.
Amendment Criteria
When an amendment to either the text of the Plan
or the future land use map is requested it must be
reviewed against the following criteria:
1. The proposed amendment must cure a deficiency
in the growth policy or improve the growth policy
to better respond to the needs of the general
community
RESPONSE: The Bozeman Health Subarea
Plan primarily addresses the 400-acres of
undeveloped land within the City of Bozeman
city limits east of Highland Boulevard. The land’s
substantial size, lack of development, adjacency
to the expanding Bozeman Health Deaconess
Regional Medical Center, proximity to Downtown
Bozeman, position inside Bozeman city limits,
and inclusion of the highly valued Highland Glen,
sets it apart from other properties in the City of
Bozeman. Thus, the unique physical context of
this site warrants a more specific development
framework than what is provided in the 2020
Bozeman Community Plan to ensure that the
priorities of the Deaconess Regional Medical
Center and the surrounding neighborhoods are
addressed, and the preservation of Highland
Glen is secured. Additionally, the Subarea Plan
replaces an outdated plan approved in 2006.
As identified in the letter from the Planning
Board, that the 2006 plan is inconsistent with
the current growth policy. Providing an updated
plan cures this deficiency.
C.4
2. The proposed amendment does not create
inconsistencies within the growth policy, either
between the goals and the maps or between
different goals and objectives
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
RESPONSE: The six themes that structure this
plan are directly adapted from the themes of
the 2020 Bozeman Community Plan. Therefore,
there will be no inconsistencies with Bozeman’s
land use plan. Along with this Subarea Plan,
a Future Land Use Map amendment will be
submitted to the City to designate Highland
Glen as Parks and Open Lands, for the reasons
detailed within this Subarea Plan. This will
ensure that there are no map inconsistencies in
the growth policy.
3. The proposed amendment must be consistent with
the overall intent of the growth policy
RESPONSE: The intent of the 2020 Bozeman
Community Plan is to provide a thorough guide
for thoughtful growth and development for the
City of Bozeman and the area within Bozeman’s
growth policy boundary to help achieve the
ultimate goal of a ‘Well-Planned City.’ The
Subarea Plan carries forward the themes of
the Community Plan and crafted to expressly
address the specific opportunities, needs, and
context of the Bozeman Health property.
4. The proposed amendment must not adversely
affect the community as a whole or any significant
portion thereof by:
• Significantly altering land use patterns and
principles in a manner contrary to those
established by this Plan
RESPONSE: The only alteration to land use
patterns that are established in the 2020
Bozeman Community Plan is the Future Land
Use designation for Highland Glen. This Subarea
Plan amendment seeks to designate Highland
Glen as Parks and Open Lands, as it is currently
designated primarily as Urban Neighborhood.
This land use change will prevent Highland Glen
from being developed and secure it as a public
open space asset, greatly benefitting the entire
community of Bozeman.
• Requiring unmitigated improvements to streets,
water, sewer, or other public facilities or services,
thereby impacting development of other lands
RESPONSE: The Subarea Plan proposes
conceptual public improvements in the form
of an active transportation network of shared
use paths and a series of linear parks. All these
improvements are proposed within Bozeman
Health property and will not adversely impact
adjacent lands.
• Adversely impacting existing uses because of
inadequately mitigated impacts on facilities or
services
REPONSE: This plan remains consistent with the
2020 Bozeman Community Plan’s requirement
that any potential proposal for development
must meet or exceed City development and
building regulations. This means that facilities
and services will be improved to meet the
demands of both the existing and new
development at the time of construction.
• Negatively affecting the health and safety of the
residents
RESPONSE: Nothing proposed in the Subarea
Plan inherently jeopardizes public health and
safety. Any future development on the land
addressed in this plan will be held to City of
Bozeman development regulations concerning
the preservation of public health and safety.
The Subarea Plan’s emphasis on active
transportation and public access to Highland
Glen for recreation purposes should improve
public health and safety.
C.5
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2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan C.6
D APPENDIX D:
Montana Land Use Planning Act
D.2
Senate Bill 382 was passed in the 2023
Legislative Session and signed into law
as the Montana Land Use Planning Act. The
intention of the Act is to coordinate planning
and development review processes. The
Act places a greater emphasis on the public
engagement during the community planning
process and creation of land use regulations.
Correspondingly, the Act restricts the public
noticing and engagement requirements on
individual development projects that conform
to adopted land use plans and regulations.
Notedly, the 2023 Montana Land Use Planning
Act establishes that a community plan or growth
policy will now be referred to as a Land Use Plan.
The Act outlines the criteria for the adoption or
amendment of a community’s land use plan and
future land use map in sections 7 through 17 of
the statute.
The purpose of this appendix is to document
how the Bozeman Health Subarea Plan, as an
amendment to the 2020 Bozeman Community
Plan, complies with the Montana Land Use
Planning Act. As it relates to most of sections 7
through 17, the Subarea Plan incorporates by
reference the substance of the Community Plan.
More specifically, the Subarea Plan incorporates
by reference the following components of the
Community Plan:
• Appendix B: Infrastructure and Special
Topic Plans
• Appendix C: Inventory Report—History
and Current Conditions
• Appendix D: Projections Report—Trends
• Appendix E: Infrastructure Plan
• Appendix F: Glossary
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Montana Land Use Planning
Act (MLUPA) Conformance
Section 7: Adoption or amendment of
land use plan and future land use map.
(1) The local governing body shall adopt or amend by
resolution a land use plan and future land use map
in accordance with [sections 7 through 17] only after
consideration by and on the recommendation of the
planning commission.
(2) Prior to making a recommendation to the
governing body to adopt or amend a land use plan
and future land use map, the planning commission
shall:
(a) provide public notice and participation in
accordance with [section 6]; and
(b) accept, consider, and respond to public
comment on the proposed land use plan and
future land use map. All public comment must
be part of the administrative record transmitted
to the governing body.
(3) After meeting the requirements of subsection
(2), the planning commission shall make a final
recommendation to the governing body to adopt,
modify, or reject the proposed land use plan and future
land use map or any amendment to the proposed land
use plan and future land use map.
(4) The governing body shall incorporate any existing
neighborhood, area, or plans adopted pursuant to
Title 76, chapter 1, that meet the requirements of
[sections 1 through 38] into the land use plan and
future land use map.
(5)
(a) The governing body shall consider the
recommendation of the planning commission
to adopt, modify, or reject the proposed land
use plan and future land use map or any
amendment to the proposed land use plan and
future land use map.
(b) After providing public notice and participation
in accordance with [section 6], the governing
body may adopt, with any revisions the local
governing body considers appropriate, or reject
the land use plan and future land use map or
any amendment to the proposed land use
plan and future land use map proposed by the
planning commission.
(6) An amendment to a land use plan or future land
use map may be initiated:
(a) by majority vote of the governing body;
(b) on petition of at least 15% of the electors of
the local government jurisdiction to which the
D.3
plan applies, as registered at the last general
election; or
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
(c) by a property owner applying for a zoning,
subdivision, or other land use permit.
(7)
(a) After the initiation of an amendment to a land
use plan or future land use map allowed in
subsection (6), the planning commission shall
make a preliminary determination of whether
the proposed land use plan or future land use
map amendment results in new or increased
impacts to or from local facilities, services,
natural resources, natural environment, or
natural hazards from those previously described
and analyzed in the assessment conducted in
the development of the land use plan.
(b) If the planning commission finds new or
increased impacts from the proposed land use
plan or future land use map amendment, the
local government shall collect additional data
and conduct additional analysis necessary
to provide the planning commission with
the opportunity to consider all potential
impacts resulting from the amendment before
proceeding under subsection (2).
(8) The governing body may not amend the land use
plan or future land use map unless:
(a) the amendment is found in substantial
compliance with the land use plan; and
(b) the potential impacts resulting from
development in substantial compliance with
the proposed amendment have been made
available for public review and comment and
have been fully considered by the governing
body.
REPONSE: The City of Bozeman and its
planning commission will follow the statutory
amendment adoption requirements set forth in
Section 7, subsections 1 through 7.
The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan, an
amendment to the Bozeman community Plan
2020, will be initiated with a City of Bozeman
Growth Policy Amendment application
submitted by the property owner, meeting the
criteria of Section 7.6.c.
The six themes that make up the Bozeman
Health Subarea Plan are directly adapted
from the themes of the Bozeman Community
Plan 2020, ensuring that the amendment is in
substantial compliance with Bozeman’s land
use plan. Adequate time for public review of
the amendment will be provided and the City
of Bozeman will follow statutory requirements
regarding a complete review of the amendment
before adoption.
Section 8: Update of land use plan or
future land use map.
(1) After a local government adopts a land use plan
and future land use map in accordance with [section
7], the land use plan and future land use map must
be reviewed by the planning commission every fifth
year after adoption to determine whether an update
to the land use plan and future land use map must be
performed. The planning commission shall:
(a) make a preliminary determination regarding
the existence of new or increased impacts to or
from local facilities, services, natural resources,
natural environment, or natural hazards from
those previously described and analyzed when
the land use plan and future land use map were
previously adopted;
(b) provide public notice and participation in
accordance with [section 6]; and
(c) accept, consider, and respond to public
comment on the review of the land use plan
and future land use map. All public comment
must be part of the administrative record
transmitted to the governing body.
(2)
(a) If the planning commission finds new or
increased impacts under subsection (1), the
planning commission shall recommend an
update to the land use plan, future land use
map, or both.
(b) If the planning commission finds no new
or increased impacts under subsection
(1), the planning commission shall make a
recommendation to the governing body that
no update to the land use plan or future land
use map is necessary.
D.4
(3) After receiving the recommendation of the
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
planning commission, the governing body may direct
that an update of the land use plan, future land
use map, or both be completed or may readopt the
current land use plan, future land use map, or both.
(4)
(a) In developing, drafting, and considering an
update to the land use plan or future land use
map, the planning commission shall follow the
process set forth in [section 7] with respect to
the changes proposed to the land use plan or
future land use map.
(b) If the planning commission finds new or
increased impacts resulting from the land
use plan or future land use map, the local
government shall collect additional data and
conduct additional analysis necessary to
provide the governing body and the public with
the opportunity to comment on and consider
all potential impacts resulting from an update
to the land use plan or future land use map.
(5) At any time before an update is required after a
review under subsection (1), the local governing body
may direct that an update to the land use plan or
future land use map be prepared for consideration by
the planning commission and for recommendation to
the governing body.
(6) Once an update to the land use plan or future
land use map is adopted or the land use plan or
future land use map is readopted, the information
and analysis contained within the land use plan and
future land use map must be considered accurate for
the purposes of making site-specific development
decisions in substantial compliance with the land use
plan and future land use map.
REPONSE: The City of Bozeman and its planning
commission will follow the statutory Land Use
Plan and Land Use Map update requirements
set forth in Section 8, subsections 1 through 6.
The Subarea Plan amendment will be reviewed
in conjunction with the overall 5-year review
cycle of the Bozeman Community Plan 2020.
Section 9: Existing conditions and
population projections.
(1) The land use plan must include, at a minimum,
inventories and descriptions of existing conditions
of housing, local services and facilities, economic
development, natural resources, environment,
and hazards, and land use within the jurisdictional
boundaries of the land use plan.
(2) As set forth in [sections 10 through 17], the land use
plan must include, at minimum, a description, map,
and analysis of how the jurisdiction will accommodate
its projected population over the next 20 years and
the expected impacts of the development in the areas
of housing, local services and facilities, economic
development, natural resources, environment, and
hazards.
(3) The inventories and descriptions in the plan must
be based on up-to-date surveys, maps, diagrams,
charts, descriptive material, studies, and reports
necessary to explain and supplement the analysis of
each section of the land use plan.
(4)
(a) A jurisdiction shall use demographics provided
by:
(i) the most recent decennial census or census
estimate of the United States census bureau;
and
(ii) population projections for a 20-year
period based on permanent and seasonal
population estimates: (A) provided by
demographics published by the department
of commerce; (B) generated by the
local government; or (C) produced by a
professional firm specializing in projections.
(b) When a population projection is not available,
population projections for the jurisdiction must
be reflective of the area’s proportional share
of the total county population and the total
county population growth.
REPONSE: The Bozeman Health Subarea
Plan incorporates by reference the existing
conditions, demographic information, and
impacts of growth contained within the
Bozeman Community Plan 2020. In Chapter
D.5
1 and Appendix A and B, the Subarea Plan
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
includes the particularly relevant existing
conditions of the Bozeman Health property
to provide a specific foundational context for
the plan. Current land use, zoning, and public
infrastructure information was incorporated
from City of Bozeman 2023 GIS data. Details of
the existing natural environment and resources
specified in the Subarea Plan were derived from
the 2015-2023 Highland Glen Nature Preserve
Land Management Plan, field observations, data
from community partners including Bridger Ski
Foundation and Gallatin Valley Land Trust, and
City of Bozeman 2023 GIS data.
Section 10: Housing.
(1) A local governing body shall identify and analyze
existing and projected housing needs for the projected
population of the jurisdiction and provide regulations
that allow for the rehabilitation, improvement, or
development of the number of housing units needed,
as identified in the land use plan and future land use
map, including:
(a) a quantification of the jurisdiction’s existing
and projected needed housing types, including
location, age, condition, and occupancy
required to accommodate existing and
estimated population projections;
(b) an inventory of sites, including zoned,
unzoned, vacant, underutilized, and potential
redevelopment sites, available to meet the
jurisdiction's needed housing types;
(c) an analysis of any constraints to housing
development, such as zoning, development
standards, and infrastructure needs and
capacity, and the identification of market-
based incentives that may affect or encourage
the development of needed housing types; and
(d) a detailed description of what actions the
jurisdiction may take to accommodate the
projected needed housing types identified in
subsection (1)(a).
(2) The housing section of the land use plan and
future land use map may incorporate by reference
any information or policies identified in other housing
needs assessments adopted by the governing body.
(3) If, after performing the analysis required in
subsection (1), the local government determines that
the total needed housing types may not be met due
to lack of resources, development sites, infrastructure
capacity, or other documented constraints, the local
government shall establish the minimum number of
housing units that may be rehabilitated, improved,
or developed within the jurisdiction over the 20-year
planning period and the actions the local government
may take to remove constraints to the development
of those units over that period.
(4) Progress toward the construction of the housing
units identified as needed to meet projected housing
needs during the 20-year planning period of the
land use plan must be documented at each fifth year
review of the land use plan as required in [section 8].
(5) The amount of detail provided in the analysis
beyond the minimum criteria established in this
section is at the discretion of the local governing body.
REPONSE: The City of Bozeman will follow the
statutory housing assessment and regulation
creation requirements set forth in Section 10,
subsections 1 through 5.
A housing analysis, the Community Housing
Needs Assessment, was completed by the
City of Bozeman as an “issue plan,” serving
as a supplemental document to the Bozeman
Community Plan 2020. The Bozeman Health
Subarea Plan incorporates by reference the
completed housing analysis included in the
Bozeman Community Plan 2020 and the
Community Housing Needs Assessment issue
plan.
The Subarea Plan proposes to maintain the
extent of housing uses and overall residential
densities prescribed by the Community Plan
and Future Land Use Map. The Subarea Plan
supports and advances the Community Plan
Theme 2: A city of unique neighborhoods
by promoting “well planned, walkable
neighborhoods” and “a diverse supply of quality
housing units.” In addition, the Subarea Plan will
guide development that will help meet the City
of Bozeman’s projected housing demand over
the next 20 years.
D.6
Section 11: Local services and facilities.
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
(1) The land use plan must:
(a) determine the existing and anticipated levels
of public safety and emergency services
necessary to serve the projected population of
the jurisdiction, including law enforcement, fire
protection, emergency management system
agencies, and local health care organizations;
(b) contain an inventory and map of existing fire
protection, law enforcement, and emergency
service jurisdictional areas and anticipated
response times, a description of mutual aid
or cooperative service agreements, and the
location of hospitals or clinics in the jurisdiction;
(c) identify capital and service improvements for
fire, law enforcement, emergency services,
and health services for the jurisdictional area
necessary to meet the projected population;
(d) determine the existing capacity, existing
deficiencies, planned expansion, and
anticipated levels of utility services necessary
to serve the projected population in the
jurisdiction, including water, wastewater, and
storm water systems, solid waste disposal, and
other utility services, as identified by the local
government;
(e) contain an inventory and map of all utility
service areas, system networks, and facilities;
(f) identify local utility capital and service
improvements for the jurisdictional area
necessary to meet the projected population;
(g) determine the existing capacity, existing
deficiencies, planned expansion, and
anticipated improvements to the transportation
network serving the jurisdictional area
necessary to serve the projected population in
the jurisdiction;
(h) contain an inventory and classification map
of all existing and planned roads within the
jurisdictional area, including major highways,
secondary highways, and local routes, all non-
motorized routes, including bike lanes and
pedestrian thoroughfares, and all public transit
systems and facilities; and
(i) identify planned capital and service
transportation improvements necessary to
serve the projected population.
(2) The local government shall:
(a) coordinate with school districts within the
jurisdiction to determine the existing capacity
of, planned expansion of, and anticipated
improvements necessary for the local
K-12 school system to serve the projected
population in the jurisdiction; and
(b) request that the local school district provide
any inventory and maps of existing K-12
educational facilities within the jurisdictional
area and identify any capital and service
improvements necessary to meet the projected
population.
(3) The local government may include an analysis
of existing capacity and service levels, planned
expansions of, and anticipated improvements
necessary to provide other services to the projected
population in the jurisdiction.
(4) The local government may incorporate by
reference any information or policies identified in
other relevant local services or facilities assessments
adopted by the local governing body, such as a capital
improvements plan or an impact fee study.
(5) The amount of detail provided in the analysis
beyond the minimum criteria established in this
section is at the discretion of the local governing body.
REPONSE: The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
incorporates by reference the local services and
facilities analysis of the Bozeman Community
Plan 2020. Beyond recognizing the intended
future land uses, the Subarea Plan does not
project more detailed development patterns
or estimate potential densities and services.
Specific development scenarios and service
demands will be determined in the future
by others following the City’s land planning
processes and development regulations.
Therefore, the Subarea Plan does not explicitly
address subsections 11.1.a – 11.1.d or 11.1.f.
In Appendix A on page A.8, the Subarea Plan
includes an inventory map of existing utilities
that is prescribed by subsection 11.1.e.
Per subsections 11.1.g and 11.1.i, the Subarea
Plan identifies a robust active transportation
system and neighborhood street network within
D.7
its development framework to prioritize the
establishment of multimodal connectivity with
the creation of future neighborhoods. These
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
proposed networks can be seen in Chapter 3 on
pages 32-3 and in Chapter 4 on pages 43-46. In
Chapter 3 and Appendix A and B, per subsection
11.1.h, the Subarea Plan includes inventory
maps of existing roads by classification (page
A.7), the existing bike and pedestrian network
(pages B.4-B.6), and planned roads and bike
and pedestrian facilities (pages 33-34). The
incorporation of future public transit facilities
is discussed in Chapter 4 on page 45. Therefore,
the Subarea Plan supports the Community Plan
Theme 5: A city that prioritizes accessibility
and mobility choices by “ensuring multimodal
accessibility and safety.”
Despite the division of the entire property east
of Highland Boulevard by the preservation of
Highland Glen, the future transportation, utility,
and emergency response service demands will
be met by ensuring that the proposed local
street network connects efficiently to existing
adjacent arterial and collector streets.
Section 12: Economic development.
(1) The land use plan must:
(a) assess existing and potential commercial,
industrial, small business, and institutional
enterprises in the jurisdiction, including the
types of sites and supporting services needed
by the enterprises;
(b) summarize job composition and trends
by industry sector, including existing labor
force characteristics and future labor force
requirements, for existing and potential
enterprises in the jurisdiction;
(c) assess the extent to which local characteristics,
assets, and resources support or constrain
existing and potential enterprises, including
access to transportation to market goods and
services, and assess historic, cultural, and
scenic resources and their relationship to
private sector success in the jurisdiction;
(d) inventory sites within the jurisdiction, including
zoned, unzoned, vacant, underutilized, and
potentially redeveloped sites, available to
meet the jurisdiction’s economic development
needs;
(e) assess the adequacy of existing and projected
local facilities and services, schools, housing
stock, and other land uses necessary to support
existing and potential commercial, industrial,
and institutional enterprises; and
(f) assess the financial feasibility of supporting
anticipated economic growth in the jurisdiction.
(2) The local government may incorporate by
reference any information or policies identified in
other relevant economic development assessments.
(3) The amount of detail provided in the analysis
beyond the minimum criteria established in this
section is at the discretion of the local governing
body.
REPONSE: The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
supports the economic development priorities
established in the Bozeman Community Plan
2020 and aligns with the Community Plan Theme
6: A city powered by its creative, innovative,
and entrepreneurial economy (see Chapter 4).
The Subarea Plan proposes a minor reduction
in Community Commercial Mixed Use land
use adjacent to Highland Boulevard (see table
below in Section 14). Nonetheless, the Subarea
Plan provides for expansion of a regional jobs
and service base by envisioning new medical
and commercial development necessary to
support Bozeman Health’s continued growth as
a regional medical center. As such, the Subarea
Plan projects that the current and potential
future development on and around the Bozeman
Health Deaconess Regional Medical Center will
become a distinct but complimentary mixed-use
district. The envisioned Bozeman Health District
supports and advances the Community Plan
Theme 3: A city bolstered by Downtown and
complimentary districts.
D.8
Section 13: Natural resources,
environment, and hazards.
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
(1) The land use plan must:
(a) include inventories and maps of natural
resources within the jurisdiction, including but
not limited to agricultural lands, agricultural
water user facilities, minerals, sand and gravel
resources, forestry lands, and other natural
resources identified by the local government;
(b) describe the natural resource characteristics of
the jurisdictional area, including a summary of
historical natural resource utilization, data on
existing utilization, and projected future trends;
(c) include an inventory, maps, and description of
the natural environment of the jurisdictional
area, including a summary of important natural
features and the conditions of and real and
potential threats to soils, geology, topography,
vegetation, surface water, groundwater,
aquifers, floodplains, scenic resources, wildlife,
wildlife habitat, wildlife corridors, and wildlife
nesting sites within the jurisdiction; and
(d) include maps of, identify factors related
to, and describe natural hazards within the
jurisdictional area, including flooding, fire,
earthquakes, steep slopes and other known
geologic hazards and other natural hazards
identified by the jurisdiction, with a summary
of past significant events resulting from natural
hazards that includes:
(i) a description of land use constraints resulting
from natural hazards;
(ii) a description of the efforts that have been
taken within the local jurisdiction to mitigate
the impact of natural hazards; and
(iii) a description of the role that natural resources
and the environment play in the local economy.
(2) The local government may incorporate by
reference any information or policies identified in
other relevant assessments of natural resources,
environment, or hazards.
(3) The amount of detail provided in the analysis
beyond the minimum criteria established in this
section is at the discretion of the local governing body.
REPONSE: The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
incorporates by reference the natural resources,
environment, and hazards inventories and
assessments of the Bozeman Community
Plan 2020. Appendix B of the Bozeman Health
Subarea Plan provides summaries of the specific
physical environmental conditions of the subject
property and includes the 2015-2023 Highland
Glen Nature Preserve Land Management
Plan. The Land Management Plan describes
the natural characteristics of Highland Glen in
detail and states how Bozeman Health plans to
manage the land and resources of Highland Glen
into the future. By designating Highland Glen
as parks and open lands and solidifying public
access to the area, the Subarea Plan supports
the Land Management Plan’s goals “to sustain
the land’s ecological health and ecosystem
services” and to “provide year-round public
recreational opportunities.”
Section 14: Land use and future land
use map.
(1) A land use plan must include a future land use map
and a written description of the proposed general
distribution, location, and extent of residential,
commercial, mixed, industrial, agricultural,
recreational, and conservation uses of land and other
categories of public and private uses, as determined
by the local government.
(2) The future land use map must reflect the
anticipated and preferred pattern and intensities
of development for the jurisdiction over the next
20 years, based on the information, analysis, and
public input collected, considered, and relevant
to the population projections for and economic
development of the jurisdiction and the housing
and local services needed to accommodate those
projections, while acknowledging and addressing the
natural resource, environment, and natural hazards of
the jurisdiction.
(3) The future land use map may not confer any
authority to regulate what is not otherwise specifically
authorized in [sections 1 through 38].
(4) The future land use map and the written
description must include:
D.9
(a) a statement of intent describing the
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
jurisdiction’s applicable zoning, subdivision,
and other land use regulations;
(b) descriptions of existing and future land uses,
including:
(i) categories of public and private use;
(ii) general descriptions of use types and
densities of those uses;
(iii) general descriptions of population; and
(iv) other aspects of the built environment;
(c) geographic distribution of future land uses
in the jurisdiction, anticipated over a 20-year
planning period that specifically demonstrate:
(i) adequate land to support the projected
population in all land use types in areas
where local services can be adequately and
cost-effectively provided for that population;
(ii) adequate sites to accommodate the type
and supply of housing needed for the
projected population; and
(iii) areas of the jurisdiction that are not
generally suitable for development and the
reason, based on the constraints identified
through the land use plan analysis;
(d) a statement acknowledging areas within the
jurisdiction known to be subject to covenants,
codes, and restrictions that may limit the type,
density, or intensity of housing development
projected in the future land use map; and
(e) areas of or adjacent to the jurisdiction
subject to increased growth pressures, higher
development densities, or other urban
development influences.
(5) To the greatest extent possible, local governments
shall create compatibility in the land use plans and
future land use map in those areas identified in
subsection (4)(e).
(6) The land use plan may:
(a) provide information required by a federal land
management agency for the local governing
body to establish or maintain coordination or
cooperating agency status; and
(b) incorporate by reference any information
or policies identified in other relevant
assessments adopted by the local governing
body, such as a pre-disaster mitigation plan or
wildfire protection plan.
(7) The amount of detail provided in the analysis
beyond the minimum criteria established in this
section is at the discretion of the local governing body.
REPONSE: The Bozeman Health Subarea
Plan incorporates by reference the land use
designations and Future Land Use Map of the
Bozeman Community Plan 2020. However,
the Bozeman Health Subarea Plan does seek
to make an alteration to the future land use
designation for the land within Highland Glen
by means of City of Bozeman Growth Policy
Amendment application. The adoption of
the amendment will change Highland Glen’s
future land use designation from its current
classifications as ‘Urban Neighborhood’ and
‘Community Commercial Mixed Use’ to ‘Parks
and Open Lands’. This change would reduce the
size of the Community Commercial Mixed Use
and Residential Mixed Use designated areas
directly east of Highland Boulevard (see the
chart below for changes in acreage by future
land use type).
This land use designation change acknowledges
that the best use for the land known as Highland
Glen is Parks and Open Lands. Defining Highland
Glen as Parks and Open Lands will establish the
land as a publicly accessible recreation area,
greatly benefitting the entire community of
Bozeman.
It is important to note that the recently
developed Gallatin Valley Sensitive Lands
Protection Plan identifies Highland Glen as
significant land for ecological connectivity,
wildlife habitat, biodiversity, and local water
systems. Thus, the proposed future land use
changes specifically support the Community
Plan Theme 4: A city influenced by our natural
environment, parks, and open lands by ensuring
“that development is responsive to natural
features”.
D.10
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Current Future Proposed Future Land Use Future Land Land Use Acreage (East Use Acreage
Designation of Highland (East of
Urban
Neighborhood
Community
Blvd)
333 acres
Highland Blvd)
215 acres
Commercial 92 acres 64 acres
Mixed Use
Residential
Mixed Use
Parks and
Open Lands
31 acres
0 acres
29 acres
146 acres
The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan is structured
around six themes of the Community Plan which
ensures that the amendment is in substantial
compliance and thoroughly consistent with
Bozeman’s land use plan.
Section 15: Area plans.
(1) A local governing body may adopt area plans for a
portion of the jurisdiction to provide a more localized
analysis of all or any part of a land use plan. An area
plan may include but is not limited to a neighborhood
plan, a corridor plan, or a subarea plan.
(2) The adoption, amendment, or update of an area
plan must follow the same process as a land use plan
provided for in [sections 7 through 17] and may be
adopted as an amendment to the land use plan.
(3) The area plan must be in substantial compliance
with the land use plan. To the extent an area plan is
inconsistent with the land use plan, the land use plan
controls.
REPONSE: The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
will serve as an area plan amendment to the
Bozeman Community Plan 2020, replacing
the 2005 Bozeman Deaconess Health Services
Subarea Plan. The Subarea Plan provides a
more localized analysis of existing conditions
and an overall development framework for the
500-acre property owned by Bozeman Health
adjacent to Highland Boulevard. The adoption
of the Subarea Plan as an amendment to the
Bozeman Community Plan 2020 will follow the
statutory requirements set forth in Sections 7
through 17 of the Montana Land Use Planning
Act. Descriptions of the area plan’s conformance
to these sections is provided in this appendix.
Bozeman Community Bozeman Health Plan Themes Subarea Plan Themes
A Resilient City A Resilient District
A City of Unique
Neighborhoods A Unique District
A City Bolstered
by Downtown and
Complementary Districts
A Complementary
District
A City Influenced by Our A District Influenced by
Natural Environment, Natural Environment,
Parks, and Open Lands Parks, and Open Lands
A City that Prioritizes A District Prioritizing
Accessibility and Accessibility and
Mobility Mobility
A City Powered by its A District Powered
creative, innovative, by an Innovative
and Entrepreneurial and Entrepreneurial
Economy Economy
A City Engaged in
Regional Coordination *Not Applicable*
Section 16: Issue plans.
(1) A local governing body may adopt issue plans
for all or part of a jurisdiction that provide a more
detailed or thorough analysis for any component of
the land use plan.
(2) The adoption, amendment, or update of an issue
plan must follow the same process as a land use plan
provided for in [sections 7 through 17].
(3) If an issue plan covers the jurisdictional area of the
land use plan, the issue plan may serve as the detailed
analysis required in the land use plan.
REPONSE: The Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
incorporates by reference the existing issue
plans identified within the Bozeman Community
Plan 2020. Similarly, future issue plans adopted
D.11
Existing Issue Plans
Subarea
-Plan Rela tionship Reasoning
Bozeman Creek
Enhancement
Plan (2012)
Neutral --
Bozeman Creek
Neighborhood
Plan (2005)
Neutral --
Cemetery Mas-
ter Plan (2017) Neutral --
Climate Action
Plan (2020) Supportive
ͳ
ͳ
ͳ
Strong emphasis
on robust alter-
native transporta-
tion network
Preservation of
Highland Glen as
open space
Promotes com-
pact infill develop-
ment vs sprawl
Community
Housing Action
Plan (2020)
Supportive
ͳ Supports
mixed-density and
workforce hous-
ing development
Community
Transportation
Safety Plan
(2013)
Supportive
ͳ Strong emphasis
on robust alter-
native transporta-
tion network
Downtown Im-
provement Plan
(2019)
Supportive
ͳ Complimentary
district that sup-
ports the vibrancy
of Downtown
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
by the City will apply to this Subarea Plan.
Below is a table of the existing issue plans
identified in the Community Plan noting
whether the Subarea Plan is ‘Supportive’,
‘Neutral’, or ‘Conflicting.'
Downtown
Strategic Parking
Management
Plan (2016)
Neutral --
Drought Man-
agement Plan
(2017)
Neutral --
Economic Devel-
opment Strategy
Update (2016)
Supportive
ͳ Promotes expan-
sion of medical
services and addi-
tion of supporting
businesses
ͳ Will lead to job
creation
Fire and EMS
Master Plan
(2017)
Neutral --
Gallatin County
Hazard Mitiga-
tion plan and
Community
Wildfire Protec-
tion Plan (2019)
Neutral --
Housing Needs
Assessment
(2019)
Supportive
ͳ Allows for
and supports
mixed-density and
workforce hous-
ing developments
Integrated Wa-
ter Resources
Implementation
Plan (2013)
Neutral --
Integrated Wa-
ter Resources
Plan (2013)
Neutral --
Midtown Action
Plan (2017) Neutral --
Neighborhood
Conservation
Overlay District
(2019)
Neutral --
D.12
ͳ Establishes High-
land Glen as
Parks, Recre-
ation, & Active
Transportation
Plan (2023)
Supportive
ͳ
public open space
with extensive
trails
Strong emphasis
on robust alter-
native transporta-
tion network
Stormwater
Facilities Plan Neutral --
(2008)
Stormwater
ͳ Designating 142-
acre Highland
Glen as Open
Lands rather than
Management
Plan (2019)
Supportive Urban Neighbor-
hood thus reduc-
ing future imper-
vious surfaces and
runoff
ͳ Strong emphasis
on robust alter-
Transportation
Master Plan
(2017)
Supportive ͳ
native transporta-
tion network
Establishes foun-
dation for a con-
nected local street
network
Triangle Com-
munity Plan
(2020)
Neutral --
ͳ Preservation of
Urban Forestry
Management
Plan (2016)
Supportive
Highland Glen as
open space, keep-
ing the existing
tree canopy intact
Wastewater Col-
lection Facilities
Plan Update
(2015)
Neutral --
Water Facility
Plan Update
(2017)
Neutral --
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Section 17: Implementation.
(1) The land use plan and future land use map is
not a regulatory document and must include an
implementation section that:
(a) establishes meaningful and predictable
implementation measures for the use and
development of land within the jurisdiction
based on the contents of the land use plan and
future land use map;
(b) provides meaningful direction for the content
of more detailed land use regulations and
future land use maps; and
(c) requires identification of those programs,
activities, actions, or land use regulations
that may be part of the overall strategy of the
jurisdiction for implementing the land use plan.
(2) The implementation section of the land use plan
must include:
(a) if the local jurisdiction does not have current
zoning regulations, a schedule by which zoning
regulations and a zoning map will be adopted
in accordance with the deadlines set forth in
[section 5];
(b) if the local jurisdiction has current zoning
regulations, an analysis of whether any
inconsistencies exist between current zoning
regulations and the land use plan and
future land use map, including a map of the
inconsistencies. If inconsistencies exist, the
local government shall identify:
(i) specific implementation actions necessary
to amend the zoning regulations and the
zoning map to bring the zoning regulations
and zoning map into substantial compliance
with the land use plan and future land use
map;
(ii) a schedule for amending the zoning
regulations and zoning map to be in
substantial compliance with the land use
plan and future land use map, in accordance
with the deadlines set forth in [section 5];
(iii) a schedule for adopting a capital
improvements program or for amending an
existing capital improvements program to be
in substantial compliance with the land use
plan and future land use map;
D.13
(iv) a schedule for expanding or replacing
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
public facilities and the anticipated costs
and revenue sources proposed to meet
those costs, which must be reflected in a
jurisdiction’s capital improvement program;
(v) if applicable, a schedule for updating the
plan for extension of services required in
7-2-4732 to be in substantial compliance
with the land use plan; and
(vi) a schedule for implementing any other
specific actions necessary to achieve the
components of the land use plan, including
a timeframe or prioritization of each specific
public action; and
(c) procedures for monitoring and evaluating the
local government’s progress toward meeting
the implementation schedule.
REPONSE: The Bozeman Health Subarea
Plan incorporates by reference the overall
implementation strategies contained within
the Bozeman Community Plan 2020 related
to zoning regulations, capital improvement
planning, and facility upgrades. The Subarea Plan
does propose implementation considerations
including high level challenges, constraints, and
opportunities in Chapter 5.
D.14
E APPENDIX E:
Community Engagement
E.2
• •
• •
• •
Survey 1: Results
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
The Subarea Plan's first survey was released in
May, 2022 at the intial two public open houses and
online on the project's website. The survey saught
public feedback on the Subarea Plan's three land use
objectives and six plan themes. Eighty-one surveys
were completed during survey window. The survey
results are detailed below.
Q1. ↓ Highland Glen Bozeman Health envisions preserving and enhancing
the natural environment, open space, trails, and heritage of Highland Glen.
Do you conceptually support this
objective?
Q2. ↓ Bozeman Health envisions
additional health care services; commercial services that support
Bozeman Health and the surrounding
neighborhoods; community and workforce housing. Do you
conceptually support this objective?
Q3. ↓ Bozeman Health envisions
neighborhoods with a variety of housing types, shapes, sizes, and
intensities. Do you conceptually support this objective?
E.3
• • • •
• • • •
Q4. ↓ A Resilient District: Bozeman Health
envisions a resilient district planned to be environmentally, economically,
and culturally sustainable. Do you
conceptually support this theme?
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Q5. ↓ A Unique District: Bozeman Health
envisions a unique district of distinct, walkable neighborhoods
including housing, basic services, and employment opportunities.
Do you conceptually support this
theme?
Q6. ↓ A Complimentary District: Bozeman
Health envisions a regional health services district with a diverse mix of
medical, commercial, and residential
uses. Do you conceptually support this theme?
Q7. ↓ A District Influenced by Natural
Environment/Parks/Open Lands: Bozeman Health envisions a
district influenced by the natural environment and open lands
anchored by Highland Glen. Do you
conceptually support this theme?
E.4
• • • •
Q8. ↓ A District Prioritizing Accessibility
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
and Mobility: Bozeman Health envisions a district prioritizing
accessibility and mobility
focused on active transportation encouraging bicyclists and
pedestrians. Do you conceptually support this theme?
Q9. ↓ A District Powered by an Innovative
and Entrepreneurial Economy: Bozeman Health envisions a district
powered by an innovative and
entrepreneurial economy with expanded regional health care
facilities and services. Do you conceptually support this theme?
E.5
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan E.6
• •
• •
• •
Survey 2: Results
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
The Subarea Plan's second survey was released in
October, 2022 at the second two public open houses
and online on the project's website. The survey
sought public feedback on the Subarea Plan's five
framework elements. Ninety surveys were completed
during survey window. The survey results are detailed
below.
Q1. ↓ FUTURE MEDICAL and COMMERCIAL SERVICES: Land west of and adjacent
to Highland Boulevard reserved to accommodate future regional
medical center growth. Primary
Services—medical offices, wellness clinicsSecondary Services—hotel,
restaurants, fitness facility. Do you conceptually support this element?
Q2. ↓ HIGHLAND GLEN: Preserve and
enhance Highland Glen as a protected open space with public
access. Do you conceptually
support this element?
Q3. ↓ LINEAR PARKS: A series of linear parks lining the outer edges
of Highland Glen will provide:
Transitional buffer between development and Highland GlenPark;
amenities for all ages (playgrounds, climbing boulders, benches, shade);
incorporated shared use paths
provide accessibility for all abilities. Do you conceptually support this
element?
E.7
• •
• •
Q4. ↓ ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION: A network
of non-motorized shared use paths providing year-round pedestrian and
bicyclist mobility including tunnels
under Highland Boulevard. Do you conceptually support this element?
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Q5. ↓ COMMUNITY ACTIVITY NODES:
Trailhead at southern end of Highland Glen (paved parking
lot, year-round restrooms, picnic
pavilion, bike repair station, winter warming hut); Homestead
at northern end of Highland Glen (restored and activated as a heritage
center, community event space, and/
or public garden); Commercial Node (a complimentary neighborhood
commercial node adjacent to new Highland Glen Trailhead). Do you
conceptually support this element?
E.8
Draft Plan Public Comment
Analysis
Q1. What aspects of the Plan do you
support? And why?
Comments Summary:
1. Support for Plan Elements (19 responses):
• Positive feedback on specific plan elements,
including open space, shared-use paths, linear
parks, pedestrian tunnels, and public transit
access.
2. Preservation of Highland Glen, Open Space, and
Recreation (16 responses):
• Enthusiastic support for preserving Highland
Glen and its natural environment.
• Emphasis on the importance of green spaces,
open lands, and recreational trails.
• Appreciation for considerations of ecological
effects and the commitment to maintaining the
area for future generations.
• Support for the overall plan's consideration of
environmental and ecological impacts.
3. Community Health and Wellness (6 responses):
• Support for public land use as a means of
promoting community health and well-being.
• Recognition of the partnerships with
organizations like GVLT and BSF for the
betterment of community health.
• Positive feedback on the mental health benefits
of open spaces.
of the Plan Supported by Survey Responses
Total Responses (23) 100%
Support for pj an Elements (19)
Preservation of Hig1hland Gllen,
Open Space, & Recreation (16)
Community Health & Wellllness {6) 26%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
% of Total Survey Responses
E.9 2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
Q2. What aspects of the Plan do you
think could be improved? And how??
Comments Summary:
1. Preservation of Open Space and Wildlife
Corridors (13 Responses):
• Strong emphasis on preserving the area as open
space due to its significance as a natural and
recreational space for the community.
• Concerns about the impact of development on
wildlife corridors and ecosystems.
2. Traffic Safety and Infrastructure (8 Responses):
• Concerns about increased traffic and safety
issues.
• Suggestions to reconsider the location of certain
elements to alleviate congestion.
3. Specific Future Development Concerns (7
responses):
• Concerns that future land use designations
could allow for high-density housing and
commercial that would negatively impact
adjacent neighborhoods.
• Some concerns about inadequate parking and
increased congestion.
• Calls for the relocation of specific framework
elements to more appropriate sites that are
conducive to traffic management and safety.
4. Agricultural Heritage and Community Farming (5
Responses):
• Suggestions to acknowledge and preserve the
area's agricultural heritage.
• Emphasis on community farming initiatives, like
community gardens or larger-scale agricultural
projects.
5. Sustainable Practices (5 Responses):
• Recommendations for incorporating sustainable
of Plan to be Improved Based on Survey Responses
Tota l {23) 100%
Preservation of Open Spoce & Wildlife
Corridors {13)
Traffic Sofety & Infrastructure (8)
Specific Development Concerns {7)
Ag:riculltu:ral Heritoge & Community Farming {5)
Sustainable Practices {5)
Affordabillity & Workforce Housing {4)
Long-Term Pl ainning Considerations {2) ■ 9%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
% of Total Survey Re sponses
E.102024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
practices, including water conservation and
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
renewable energy.
• Calls for responsible and innovative approaches
considering environmental impacts.
6. Affordability and Workforce Housing (4
Responses):
• Expresses the need for workforce housing and
potential traffic reduction benefits.
• Emphasis on long-term affordability and
integrating workforce housing into residential
areas.
7. Long-Term Planning Considerations (2
responses):
• Concerns about planning too far into the future
and recommendations to limit the plan's scope.
• Emphasis on considering other plans (Envision
Gallatin Land Use, Housing Strategy, etc.) and
avoiding premature approvals.
Plan Update
Recommendations
Below are five revisions to the final Subarea Plan
addressing the common themes that were submitted
during the draft plan public comment period. The
references include the specific locations (page and
section) for each revision. The black text represents
original document language while the blue text
highlights the revisions added to the final plan.
1. Address workforce housing more clearly
a. On page 37, update the “Complete Community”
subsection to read:
“Future residential neighborhoods would
include a full spectrum of housing options
ranging from single detached homes to a variety
of apartments and workforce housing.”
b. On page 47, update the “A Diverse Live-Work
District” subsection to read:
“The Bozeman Health district would not only be
home to the Deaconess Regional Medical Center,
other medical offices, and complimentary
commercial businesses, but also to residents. A
variety of housing options ranging from single
detached homes to townhomes to apartments
would provide opportunities for employees
working in the district to also live there.
Specifically, the Highland Agricultural Tract
presents a prime location for the development
of affordable workforce housing to support
those who are employed by the Bozeman
Health Deaconess Regional Medical Center.
Thoughtfully developing medical, commercial,
and residential projects within proximity to one
another creates the perfect dynamic to pursue
much needed affordable and workforce housing
options.”
2. Address the land’s agricultural heritage by
providing opportunity for future agriculture
a. On page 57, add a paragraph at the end of the
“Agriculture” subsection that reads:
“Another possible opportunity to carry on
the land's agricultural heritage is through the
intentional development of "agrihoods." An
agrihood is a primarily residential neighborhood
designed to revolve around shared community
agriculture that is inherently woven throughout
the neighborhood. The local production of
sustainable food by community members
provides a community nexus both physically and
socially; fostering a strong sense of relationship
to the land, food, and one another. This
agriculture-focused development model could
be implemented in place of standard urban
residential development on one of the existing
agricultural tracts.”
3. Address calls for sustainable development
opportunities
a. On page 55, add a paragraph at the end of the
“Public Utilities” subsection that reads:
“These challenges could be mitigated by
implementing sustainable water and energy
systems at scale. Examples of this could be
implementing wastewater recycling, renewable
solar energy, or geothermal energy systems that
would serve the entire neighborhood.”
E.11
4. Add clear reference to the Gallatin Valley Sensitive Lands Protection Plan
2024 Bozeman Health Subarea Plan
a. On page 58, add a paragraph at the end of the
“Land Management” subsection the reads:
“In addition, the Subarea Plan acknowledges
the City-accepted 2023 Gallatin Valley
Sensitive Lands Protection Plan. The Subarea
Plan supports multiple themes identified by
the Sensitive Lands Protection Plan including
habitat preservation and maintaining historic
agricultural uses. By preserving Highland
Glen as a significant open space corridor and
continuing agricultural partnerships on the land,
the Subarea Plan conserves these important
resources.”
E.12