HomeMy WebLinkAbout022 - Appendix P.3 - NRCS Soil Report lJs�,� United States A productofthe National Custom Soil Resource
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December 30, 2024
Preface
Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas.
They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information
about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for
many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban
planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers.
Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste
disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand,
protect, or enhance the environment.
Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose
special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil
properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions.
The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of
soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for
identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.
Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area
planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some
cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/
portal/nres/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering
applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center
(https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nres)or your NRCS State Soil
Scientist (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/contactus/?
cid=nres142p2_053951).
Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are
seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a
foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as
septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to
basements or underground installations.
The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States
Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources
Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey.
Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available
through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its
programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability,
and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion,
sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a
part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not
all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require
2
alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,
audiotape, etc.)should contact USDA's TARGET Center at(202) 720-2600 (voice
and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of
Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or
call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or(202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity
provider and employer.
3
Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................2
SoilMap.................................................................................................................. 5
SoilMap................................................................................................................6
Legend..................................................................................................................7
MapUnit Legend..................................................................................................8
MapUnit Descriptions.......................................................................................... 8
Gallatin County Area, Montana.......................................................................10
457A—Turner loam, moderately wet, 0 to 2 percent slopes....................... 10
510B—Meadowcreek loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes......................................11
Soil Information for All Uses...............................................................................13
Suitabilities and Limitations for Use....................................................................13
Building Site Development..............................................................................13
Dwellings With Basements..........................................................................13
Dwellings Without Basements.....................................................................17
Local Roads and Streets.............................................................................22
Lawns, Landscaping, and Golf Fairways.....................................................26
Soil Properties and Qualities..............................................................................32
Soil Physical Properties..................................................................................32
SurfaceTexture...........................................................................................32
Soil Qualities and Features.............................................................................35
AASHTO Group Index.................................................................................35
HydrologicSoil Group................................................................................. 39
Parent Material Name.................................................................................43
FrostAction.................................................................................................46
DrainageClass............................................................................................49
Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer.............................................................52
MapUnit Name........................................................................................... 55
Representative Slope..................................................................................58
WaterFeatures...............................................................................................61
Depth to Water Table...................................................................................61
Ponding Frequency Class...........................................................................65
Flooding Frequency Class...........................................................................68
EcologicalSites..................................................................................................73
All Ecological Sites— ....................................................................................73
Map—Dominant Ecological Site..................................................................74
Legend—Dominant Ecological Site.............................................................75
Table—Ecological Sites by Map Unit Component.......................................76
SoilReports........................................................................................................77
Soil Physical Properties..................................................................................77
Engineering Properties................................................................................77
Physical Soil Properties...............................................................................81
References............................................................................................................85
4
Soil Map
The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of
soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols
displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to
produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.
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Custom Soil Resource Report
� Soil Map �
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45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
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� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
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Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aoq : Spoil Area The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Stony Spat
Soils Very Stony Spot
Soii nnap Unit Poiygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
Wet Spot
.,,s Soil Map Unit Lines Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
other misunderstandin of the detail of ma in and accurac of soil
0 Soil Map Unit Points 9 pp 9 Y
. Special Line Features line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
Special Point Features contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
U Blowout Water Features sCale.
Streams and Canals
' ` Borrow Pit
� � Transportation Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
# Clay Spot
,+. Rails measurements.
Closed Depression
ti Interstate Highways
Gravel Pit Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
US Routes Web Soil Survey URL:
Gravelly Spot Major Roads Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
. Landfill Local Roads Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
Lava Flow gackground projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
_ Marsh or swamp � Aeriai Photography Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
Mine or cluarry accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
Miscellaneous Water This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
Perenniai water of the version date(s)listed below.
Rock Outcrop Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Saline Spot Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Sandy Spot Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
= Severely Eroded Spot 1:50,000 or larger.
Sinkhole Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
Slide or Slip 29�2�22
0o Sodic Spot The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Map Unit Legend
Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turner loam, moderately wet,0 10.8 27.1%
to 2 percent slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to 4 28.9 72.9%
percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest I 39.6 100.0%
Map Unit Descriptions
The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the
soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along
with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.
A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more
major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named
according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic
class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the
landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the
characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some
observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class.
Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without
including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made
up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor
components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.
Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the
map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called
noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a
particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties
and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different
management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They
generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the
scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas
are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a
given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit
descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor
components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not
mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it
was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and
miscellaneous areas on the landscape.
The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the
usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate
pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or
landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The
delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however,
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Custom Soil Resource Report
onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous
areas.
An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.
Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil
properties and qualities.
Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for
differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major
horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.
Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness,
salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the
basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas
shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase
commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha
silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.
Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.
These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.
A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate
pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps.
The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar
in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.
An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or
miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present
or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered
practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The
pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat
similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas
that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar
interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion
of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can
be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made
up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil
material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Gallatin County Area, Montana
457A—Turner loam, moderately wet, 0 to 2 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 56tb
Elevation: 4,300 to 5,200 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 15 to 19 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F
Frost-free period: 90 to 110 days
Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated
Map Unit Composition
Turner and similar soils: 85 percent
Minor components: 15 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Turner
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-s/ope shape: Linear
Parent material:Alluvium
Typical profile
A - 0 to 6 inches: loam
Bt- 6 to 12 inches: clay loam
Bk- 12 to 26 inches: clay loam
2C-26 to 60 inches: very gravelly loamy sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class:Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water(Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table:About 48 to 96 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 15 percent
Maximum salinity: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm)
Available water supp/y, 0 to 60 inches: Low(about 5.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: R044BB032MT- Loamy (Lo) LRU 01 Subset B
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Turner
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-s/ope shape: Linear
Ecological site: R044BB032MT- Loamy(Lo) LRU 01 Subset B
Hydric soil rating: No
Meadowcreek
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-s/ope shape: Linear
Ecological site: R044BP815MT- Subirrigated Grassland
Hydric soil rating: No
Beaverton
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform:Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-s/ope shape: Linear
Ecological site: R044BP818MT- Upland Grassland
Hydric soil rating: No
510B—Meadowcreek loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 56vt
Elevation: 4,200 to 5,950 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 12 to 18 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F
Frost-free period: 90 to 110 days
Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated
Map Unit Composition
Meadowcreek and similar soils: 85 percent
Minor components: 15 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Meadowcreek
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-s/ope shape: Linear
Parent material:Alluvium
Typical profile
A - 0 to 11 inches: loam
Bg- 11 to 25 inches: silt loam
2C-25 to 60 inches: very gravelly sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 4 percent
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water(Ksat): Moderately high to high
(0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table:About 24 to 42 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Maximum salinity: Nonsaline to slightly saline (0.0 to 4.0 mmhos/cm)
Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Low(about 5.1 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): 2e
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Ecological site: R044BP815MT- Subirrigated Grassland
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Blossberg
Percent of map unit: 10 percent
Landform:Terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-s/ope shape: Linear
Ecological site: R044BP815MT- Subirrigated Grassland
Hydric soil rating: Yes
Beaverton
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform:Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-s/ope shape: Linear
Ecological site: R044BP818MT- Upland Grassland
Hydric soil rating: No
12
Soil Information for All Uses
Suitabilities and Limitations for Use
The Suitabilities and Limitations for Use section includes various soil interpretations
displayed as thematic maps with a summary table for the soil map units in the
selected area of interest. A single value or rating for each map unit is generated by
aggregating the interpretive ratings of individual map unit components. This
aggregation process is defined for each interpretation.
Building Site Development
Building site development interpretations are designed to be used as tools for
evaluating soil suitability and identifying soil limitations for various construction
purposes. As part of the interpretation process, the rating applies to each soil in its
described condition and does not consider present land use. Example
interpretations can include corrosion of concrete and steel, shallow excavations,
dwellings with and without basements, small commercial buildings, local roads and
streets, and lawns and landscaping.
Dwellings With Basements
ENG - Engineering
Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories or less. For dwellings with
basements, the foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced
concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of about 7 feet.
The ratings for dwellings are based on the soil properties that affect the capacity of
the soil to support a load without movement and on the properties that affect
excavation and construction costs. The properties that affect the load-supporting
capacity include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, subsidence, linear
extensibility(shrink-swell potential), and compressibility. Compressibility is inferred
from the Unified classification of the soil. The properties that affect the ease and
amount of excavation include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, slope, depth
to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, and the
amount and size of rock fragments.
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Custom Soil Resource Report
The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to
which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect the specified use.
"Not limited" indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the
specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected.
"Somewhat limited" indicates that the soil has features that are moderately
favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by
special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate
maintenance can be expected. "Very limited" indicates that the soil has one or more
features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot
be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive
installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected.
Numerical ratings indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are
shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations
between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the
use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).
The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary
by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer
are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is
shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those
that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition
of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better
understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented.
Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The
ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be
viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil
Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to
validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site.
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Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Dwellings With Basements �
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Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
15
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) Background The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) � Aerial Photography 1:24,000.
Soils
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� Very limited
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 Somewnat iimited misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
0 Not limited line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� Not rated or not available SCale.
Soil Rating Lines
,y Very limited Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
. . Somewhat limited
� Not limited Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
. . Not rated or not available Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
Soil Rating Points
� Very limited Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
� Somewhat limited distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
� Not limited Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
� Not rated or not available
Water Features This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
Streams and Canals of the version date(s)listed below.
Transportation Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
,_,_. Rails Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
ti Interstate Highways
Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
US Routes 1:50,000 or larger.
Major Roads
Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
Local Roads 29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
16
Custom Soil Resource Report
Tables—Dwellings With Basements
Map unit Map unit name Rating Component Rating reasons Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
symbol name(percent) (numeric
values)
457A Turner loam, Not limited Turner(85°/o) 10.8 27.1%
moderately
wet,0 to 2 Turner(5%)
percent slopes
510B Meadowcreek Somewhat Meadowcreek Depth to 28.9 72.9%
loam,0 to 4 limited (85%) saturated zone
percent slopes (0.99)
Beaverton(5%) Large stones
(0.64)
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
Somewhat limited 28.9 72.9%
Not limited 10.8 27.1%
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Dwellings With Basements
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Higher
Dwellings Without Basements
ENG - Engineering
Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories or less. For dwellings without
basements, the foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced
concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of maximum
frost penetration, whichever is deeper.
The ratings for dwellings are based on the soil properties that affect the capacity of
the soil to support a load without movement and on the properties that affect
excavation and construction costs. The properties that affect the load-supporting
capacity include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, subsidence, linear
extensibility(shrink-swell potential), and compressibility. Compressibility is inferred
from the Unified classification of the soil. The properties that affect the ease and
amount of excavation include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, slope, depth
to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, and the
amount and size of rock fragments.
17
Custom Soil Resource Report
The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to
which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect the specified use.
"Not limited" indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the
specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected.
"Somewhat limited" indicates that the soil has features that are moderately
favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by
special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate
maintenance can be expected. "Very limited" indicates that the soil has one or more
features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot
be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive
installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected.
Numerical ratings indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are
shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations
between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the
use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).
The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary
by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer
are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is
shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those
that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition
of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better
understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented.
Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The
ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be
viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil
Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to
validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site.
18
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Dwellings Without Basements �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
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- . � �- - -. -
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
19
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) Background The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) � Aerial Photography 1:24,000.
Soils
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� Very limited
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 Somewnat iimited misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
0 Not limited line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� Not rated or not available SCale.
Soil Rating Lines
,y Very limited Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
. . Somewhat limited
� Not limited Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
. . Not rated or not available Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
Soil Rating Points
� Very limited Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
� Somewhat limited distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
� Not limited Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
� Not rated or not available
Water Features This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
Streams and Canals of the version date(s)listed below.
Transportation Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
,_,_. Rails Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
ti Interstate Highways
Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
US Routes 1:50,000 or larger.
Major Roads
Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
Local Roads 29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
20
Custom Soil Resource Report
Tables—Dwellings Without Basements
Map unit Map unit name Rating Component Rating reasons Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
symbol name(percent) (numeric
values)
457A Turner loam, Somewhat Turner(85°/o) Shrink-swell 10.8 27.1%
moderately limited (0.00)
wet,0 to 2
percent slopes Turner(5%) Shrink-swell I
(0.00) I
Beaverton(5%) Large stones
(0.20)
5106 Meadowcreek Not limited Meadowcreek 28.9 72.9%
loam,0 to 4 (85%)
percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
Not limited 28.9 72.9%
Somewhat limited 10.8 27.1%
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Dwellings Without Basements
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Aggregation is the process by which a set of component attribute values is reduced
to a single value that represents the map unit as a whole.
A map unit is typically composed of one or more "components". A component is
either some type of soil or some nonsoil entity, e.g., rock outcrop. For the attribute
being aggregated, the first step of the aggregation process is to derive one attribute
value for each of a map unit's components. From this set of component attributes,
the next step of the aggregation process derives a single value that represents the
map unit as a whole. Once a single value for each map unit is derived, a thematic
map for soil map units can be rendered. Aggregation must be done because, on
any soil map, map units are delineated but components are not.
For each of a map unit's components, a corresponding percent composition is
recorded. A percent composition of 60 indicates that the corresponding component
typically makes up approximately 60% of the map unit. Percent composition is a
critical factor in some, but not all, aggregation methods.
The aggregation method "Dominant Condition"first groups like attribute values for
the components in a map unit. For each group, percent composition is set to the
sum of the percent composition of all components participating in that group. These
groups now represent"conditions" rather than components. The attribute value
associated with the group with the highest cumulative percent composition is
returned. If more than one group shares the highest cumulative percent
21
Custom Soil Resource Report
composition, the corresponding "tie-break" rule determines which value should be
returned. The "tie-break" rule indicates whether the lower or higher group value
should be returned in the case of a percent composition tie. The result returned by
this aggregation method represents the dominant condition throughout the map unit
only when no tie has occurred.
Component Percent Cutoff.• None Specified
Components whose percent composition is below the cutoff value will not be
considered. If no cutoff value is specified, all components in the database will be
considered. The data for some contrasting soils of minor extent may not be in the
database, and therefore are not considered.
Tie-break Rule: Higher
The tie-break rule indicates which value should be selected from a set of multiple
candidate values, or which value should be selected in the event of a percent
composition tie.
Local Roads and Streets
ENG - Engineering
Local roads and streets have an all-weather surface and carry automobile and light
truck traffic all year. They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material; a base of
gravel, crushed rock, or soil material stabilized by lime or cement; and a surface of
flexible material (asphalt), rigid material (concrete), or gravel with a binder. The
ratings are based on the soil properties that affect the ease of excavation and
grading and the traffic-supporting capacity. The properties that affect the ease of
excavation and grading are depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of
bedrock or a cemented pan, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, the amount of
large stones, and slope. The properties that affect the traffic-supporting capacity are
soil strength (as inferred from the AASHTO group index number), subsidence, linear
extensibility(shrink-swell potential), the potential for frost action, depth to a water
table, and ponding.
The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to
which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect the specified use.
"Not limited" indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the
specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected.
"Somewhat limited" indicates that the soil has features that are moderately
favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by
special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate
maintenance can be expected. "Very limited" indicates that the soil has one or more
features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot
be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive
installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected.
Numerical ratings indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are
shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations
between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the
use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).
22
Custom Soil Resource Report
The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary
by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer
are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is
shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those
that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition
of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better
understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented.
Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The
ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be
viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil
Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to
validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site.
23
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Local Roads and Streets �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
�� . �'. �` /' �� + i .-:/' r '�� '` 4�
�.- V �e! '�
� � ! `,` ` ��11.� / ''� ��1;'r�' � '�
�1 r �\ 1���yr � �'��
` { i ��'•.\ / �V�.Y' Y..� � \ ��♦ ^_1 .
� ,, � j .�►�, F Hr�,. �_ -.� . _� . • �-�
Ii , :���> r. .� — - ;-
� ,� , �a �
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+. � � � 1 I � /K
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Y� �, � .i �
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w. .� +�`� , ., �. _ _L_ '-, --
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—,`�. r_�, <�,� 7 -;� r='= �� ' ` ..alt � 1 is �
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�. � =,� r� .f ' •
_�'-
�- R-� �:..� - `� ' ' " _ ��
.�, ,
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
24
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) Background The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) � Aerial Photography 1:24,000.
Soils
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� Very limited
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 Somewnat iimited misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
0 Not limited line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� Not rated or not available SCale.
Soil Rating Lines
,y Very limited Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
. . Somewhat limited
� Not limited Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
. . Not rated or not available Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
Soil Rating Points
� Very limited Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
� Somewhat limited distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
� Not limited Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
� Not rated or not available
Water Features This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
Streams and Canals of the version date(s)listed below.
Transportation Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
,_,_. Rails Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
ti Interstate Highways
Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
US Routes 1:50,000 or larger.
Major Roads
Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
Local Roads 29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
25
Custom Soil Resource Report
Tables—Local Roads and Streets
Map unit Map unit name Rating Component Rating reasons Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
symbol name(percent) (numeric
values)
457A Turner loam, Somewhat Turner(85°/o) Frost action 10.8 27.1%
moderately limited (0.50)
wet,0 to 2
percent slopes Shrink-swell
(0.00)
Turner(5%) Frost action
(0.50)
Shrink-swell
(0.00)
Beaverton(5%) Frost action
(0.50)
Large stones
(0.20)
510B Meadowcreek Very limited Meadowcreek Frost action 28.9 72.9%
loam,0 to 4 (85%) (1.00)
percent slopes
Blossberg(10%) Frost action
(1.00)
Depth to
saturated zone
(0.75)
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
Very limited 28.9 72.9%
Somewhat limited 10.8 27.1%
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Local Roads and Streets
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Higher
Lawns, Landscaping, and Golf Fairways
ENG - Engineering
This interpretation rates soils for their use in establishing and maintaining turf for
lawns and golf fairways and ornamental trees and shrubs for residential or
commercial landscaping. Lawns and landscaping require soils on which turf and
26
Custom Soil Resource Report
ornamental trees and shrubs can be established and maintained. Golf fairways are
subject to heavy foot traffic and some light vehicular traffic. Cutting or filling may be
required.
The ratings are based on the use of soil material at the site, which may have been
altered by some land smoothing. Irrigation may or may not be needed and is not a
criterion in rating. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect plant
growth and trafficability after vegetation is established. The properties that affect
plant growth are reaction; depth to a water table; ponding; depth to bedrock or a
cemented pan; the available water capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of
salts, sodium, or calcium carbonate; and sulfidic materials. The properties that
affect trafficability are flooding, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, stoniness,
and the amount of sand, clay, or organic matter in the surface layer. The suitability
of the soil for traps, tees, roughs, and greens is not considered in the ratings.
Not considered in the ratings, but important in evaluating a site, are the location and
accessibility of the area, the size and shape of the area and its scenic quality,
vegetation, access to water, potential water impoundment sites, and access to
public sewer lines. Soils that are subject to flooding are limited by the duration and
intensity of flooding and the season when flooding occurs. In planning for lawns,
landscaping, or golf fairways, onsite assessment of the height, duration, intensity,
and frequency of flooding is essential.
The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to
which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect the specified use.
"Not limited" indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the
specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected.
"Somewhat limited" indicates that the soil has features that are moderately
favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by
special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate
maintenance can be expected. "Very limited" indicates that the soil has one or more
features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot
be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive
installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected.
Numerical ratings indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are
shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations
between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the
use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).
The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary
by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer
are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is
shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those
that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition
of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better
understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented.
Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The
ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be
viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil
27
Custom Soil Resource Report
Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to
validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site.
28
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Lawns, Landscaping, and Golf Fairways �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
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v
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Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
29
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) Background The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) � Aerial Photography 1:24,000.
Soils
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� Very limited
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 Somewnat iimited misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
0 Not limited line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� Not rated or not available SCale.
Soil Rating Lines
,y Very limited Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
. . Somewhat limited
� Not limited Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
. . Not rated or not available Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
Soil Rating Points
� Very limited Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
� Somewhat limited distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
� Not limited Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
� Not rated or not available
Water Features This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
Streams and Canals of the version date(s)listed below.
Transportation Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
,_,_. Rails Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
ti Interstate Highways
Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
US Routes 1:50,000 or larger.
Major Roads
Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
Local Roads 29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
30
Custom Soil Resource Report
Tables—Lawns, Landscaping, and Golf Fairways
Map unit Map unit name Rating Component Rating reasons Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
symbol name(percent) (numeric
values)
457A Turner loam, Somewhat Turner(85°/o) Dusty(0.09) 10.8 27.1%
moderately limited
wet,0 to 2 Turner(5%) Dusty(0.09)
percent slopes Meadowcreek Dusty(0.10)
�5%)
Beaverton(5%) Large stones
content(0.84)
Droughty(0.54)
Dusty(0.09)
510B Meadowcreek Somewhat Meadowcreek Dusty(0.14) 28.9 72.9%
loam,0 to 4 limited (85%)
percent slopes
Blossberg(10%) Depth to
saturated zone
(0.75)
Dusty(0.10)
Beaverton(5%) Droughty(0.80)
Dusty(0.04)
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
Somewhat limited 39.6 100.0%
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Lawns, Landscaping, and Golf Fairways
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Higher
31
Custom Soil Resource Report
Soil Properties and Qualities
The Soil Properties and Qualities section includes various soil properties and
qualities displayed as thematic maps with a summary table for the soil map units in
the selected area of interest. A single value or rating for each map unit is generated
by aggregating the interpretive ratings of individual map unit components. This
aggregation process is defined for each property or quality.
Soil Physical Properties
Soil Physical Properties are measured or inferred from direct observations in the
field or laboratory. Examples of soil physical properties include percent clay, organic
matter, saturated hydraulic conductivity, available water capacity, and bulk density.
Surface Texture
This displays the representative texture class and modifier of the surface horizon.
Texture is given in the standard terms used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
These terms are defined according to percentages of sand, silt, and clay in the
fraction of the soil that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. "Loam,"for example, is
soil that is 7 to 27 percent clay, 28 to 50 percent silt, and less than 52 percent sand.
If the content of particles coarser than sand is 15 percent or more, an appropriate
modifier is added, for example, "gravelly."
32
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Surface Texture �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
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- _ - :., . . . -
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
33
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Soils
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� Loam
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
� Not rated or not available misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
Soil Rating Lines line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
r.y Loam scale.
. . Not rated or not available
Soil Rating Points Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
� Loam measurements.
� Not rated or not available Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Water Features Web Soil Survey URL:
Streams and Canals Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
Transportation Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
,+. Rails projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
,..� Interstate Highways Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
US Routes accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
Major Roads This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
Local Roads of the version date(s)listed below.
Background
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
� Aerial Photography Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
34
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Surface Texture
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately Loam 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to Loam 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Surface Texture
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Lower
Layer Options (Horizon Aggregation Method):Surface Layer(Not applicable)
Soil Qualities and Features
Soil qualities are behavior and performance attributes that are not directly
measured, but are inferred from observations of dynamic conditions and from soil
properties. Example soil qualities include natural drainage, and frost action. Soil
features are attributes that are not directly part of the soil. Example soil features
include slope and depth to restrictive layer. These features can greatly impact the
use and management of the soil.
AASHTO Group Index
The AASHTO Group Index is a refinement to the seven major groups of the
AASHTO soil classification system. According to
this system, soil is classified into seven major groups: A-I through A-7. Soils
classified into groups A-1, A-2. and A-3 are granular materials of which 35% or less
of the particles pass through the No. 200 sieve. Soils of which more than 35% pass
through the No. 200 sieve are classified into groups A-4, A-5, A-6, and A-7. These
soils are mostly silt and clay-type materials.
The classifications system is based on the following criteria:
1. Grain size
a. Gravel ; fraction passing the 75-mm( 3-in.) sieve and retained on the No. 10 (2-
mm) U.S. sieve
35
Custom Soil Resource Report
b. sand: fraction passing the No. 10 (2-mm) U.S. sieve and retained on the No.200
(0.075-mm) U.S. sieve
c. Silt and clay: fraction passing the No. 200 U.S. sieve
2. Plasticity The term silty is applied when the fine fractions of the soil have a
plasticity index of 10 or less. The term clayey is applied when the fine fractions have
a plasticity index of 11 or more.
3. If cobbles and boulders (size larger than 75 mm)are encountered, they are
excluded from the portion of the soil sample from which classification is made.
To evaluate the quality of a soil as a highway subgrade material, one must also
incorporate a number called the group index(GI)with the groups and subgroups of
the soil. This index is written in parentheses after the group or subgroup
designation.
The group index is given by the equation:
GI = (F200-35)[0.2+ 0.005(LL-40)] + 0.01(.F200-15)(PI- 10)
where:
F200 = percentage passing through the No. 200 sieve
LL—liquid limit
PI : plasticity index
The group index is used typically to refine an AASHTO class but in the soil survey
database is often used as a standalone soil attribute.
For each soil layer, this attribute is actually recorded as three separate values in the
database. A low value and a high value indicate the range of this attribute for the
soil component. A"representative" value indicates the expected value of this
attribute for the component. For this soil property, only the representative value is
used.
36
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—AASHTO Group Index �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
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I i , :,����y> ,e� r t .� - ;_
: I tj,� � � ���� f.. F�,, ', .� ` � - ' .�.
+ � � � 4�� /}�' 1 I K
; �J ��� � T�! '� • J..—
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` w 4� f� � ,� ' .�• ib �w `!' �,` _..�� �_- . '
�� Y' I�.,.�� , ��i � ��;,s;,..s� 1 .X. r �
, 1 . I '*f, �r�3 �
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Z y F = ,' �•� `'S
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f ,� "1, I �
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i`� �� ,��F � � �° � �,�� � ��� _ . -r� ��
� � �. r_�, ��,,� 7 , i�' -� �I. ��it � 1 is �
,-x:. `� ,� - - '�- --- �
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�. _.. ; -_ ___
- . . -- .--�=-� ---- - _ . -
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
37
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Soils
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� <=1
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 >1 and<=2 misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
0 Not rated or not available line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
Soil Rating Lines SCale.
+�/ <=1
,y� >1 and<=2 Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
. . Not rated or not available
Soil Rating Points Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
� �_� Web Soil Survey URL:
Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
� >1and<=2
� Not rated or not available Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
Water Features distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
Streams and Canals Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
Transportation
,_,_. Rails This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
,..� Interstate Highways of the version date(s)listed below.
US Routes
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Major Roads Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Local Roads
Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
Background 1:50,000 or larger.
� Aerial Photography
Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
38
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—AASHTO Group Index
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately 2 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to 1 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—AASHTO Group Index
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Higher
Interpret Nulls as Zero: No
Layer Options (Horizon Aggregation Method):All Layers (Weighted Average)
Hydrologic Soil Group
Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are
assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the
soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation
from long-duration storms.
The soils in the United States are assigned to four groups (A, B, C, and D)and
three dual classes (A/D, B/D, and C/D). The groups are defined as follows:
Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential)when thoroughly
wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or
gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission.
Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These
consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained
soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils
have a moderate rate of water transmission.
Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or
soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water
transmission.
Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential)when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell
39
Custom Soil Resource Report
potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at
or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material.
These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission.
If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is
for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas. Only the soils that in their
natural condition are in group D are assigned to dual classes.
40
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Hydrologic Soil Group �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
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�._ 4 � '� ♦
R� ' ' - -
y �� � � l�.� 10�,+-,
rl ��� � �.,;;;�
�� � % yV � \,9f.\ �_. .
� 4 i �J�' , .'��.Y' I 1 ..
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I = `�
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- .�_ __ _ __
_ . . . .- _ �:� _ _ _
� .
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
41
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) � C The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) ■ ��p 1:24,000.
Soils p
Soil Rating Polygons � Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� A � Not rated or not available
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
Water Features
0 �� misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
Streams and Canals line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
0 B
Transportation contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
0 B/D scale.
� Rails
0 C
ti Interstate Highways
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
� C/D US Routes measurements.
0 � Major Roads
Not rated or not available Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
0 Local Roads Web Soil Survey URL:
Soil Rating Lines Background Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
� A Aerial Photography
� Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
^�' �� projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
� g distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
� B/� accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
. . C
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
,.�y C/D of the version date(s)listed below.
�y D
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
. . Not rated or not available Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Soil Rating Points
� A Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
o �o
� B Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
� s/�
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
42
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Hydrologic Soil Group
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately B 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to C 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Hydrologic Soil Group
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Higher
Parent Material Name
Parent material name is a term for the general physical, chemical, and mineralogical
composition of the unconsolidated material, mineral or organic, in which the soil
forms. Mode of deposition and/or weathering may be implied by the name.
The soil surveyor uses parent material to develop a model used for soil mapping.
Soil scientists and specialists in other disciplines use parent material to help
interpret soil boundaries and project performance of the material below the soil.
Many soil properties relate to parent material. Among these properties are
proportions of sand, silt, and clay; chemical content; bulk density; structure; and the
kinds and amounts of rock fragments. These properties affect interpretations and
may be criteria used to separate soil series. Soil properties and landscape
information may imply the kind of parent material.
For each soil in the database, one or more parent materials may be identified. One
is marked as the representative or most commonly occurring. The representative
parent material name is presented here.
43
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Parent Material Name �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
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t . +y� /4 ,�
! ♦
� ��_ r� �'�` `♦ �11:` / '.� ��•� ���'v�
� �:: "�
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i } + ) � , ..� .r.r '�. 4 ' � . �
� - -F'',♦ , �.' ♦ ' ♦`. ��
—' � j ` j��:,� r�. . `� . . ._ ��
I � , ��s�: r .� — - ;-
sj, _ . ,� �-�„ ,,� .
y� } � � ��.. �� r, �� �� : , �
�� M � { • a..-
�� . _-'' �t, - ' e >�_ . � �
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� Y; '� ` �a � 1 �
a 1 `�
. _ � ��M �• 1`S
w. -� +� . •,� '.I �♦ _ _,__ �-_-_
g� ,` ��, " �', � ' g
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- -- �e �—_ __ .,�y=�
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F � �r 6
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:�� ' .��� . ' `' �
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M {`_ _ .�k,,`'�; ,, _ �Y ". •� `� � i
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� �, r_�, �. , 7�"F � :...�It � 1 is �
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_ R t � `t .
� �:..� , . T- . � ;-- !��t�.- ��
-� _. ., __. .___
- _ - :., . . . -
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
44
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Soils
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� alluvium
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
� Not rated or not available misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
Soil Rating Lines line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
r.y alluvium SC81e.
. . Not rated or not available
Soil Rating Points Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
� alluvium measurements.
� Not rated or not available Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Water Features Web Soil Survey URL:
Streams and Canals Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
Transportation Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
,+. Rails projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
,..� Interstate Highways Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
US Routes accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
Major Roads This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
Local Roads of the version date(s)listed below.
Background
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
� Aerial Photography Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
45
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Parent Material Name
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately alluvium 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to alluvium 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Parent Material Name
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Lower
Frost Action
Potential for frost action is the likelihood of upward or lateral expansion of the soil
caused by the formation of segregated ice lenses (frost heave)and the subsequent
collapse of the soil and loss of strength on thawing. Frost action occurs when
moisture moves into the freezing zone of the soil. Temperature, texture, density,
saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ksat), content of organic matter, and depth to the
water table are the most important factors considered in evaluating the potential for
frost action. It is assumed that the soil is not insulated by vegetation or snow and is
not artificially drained. Silty and highly structured, clayey soils that have a high water
table in winter are the most susceptible to frost action. Well drained, very gravelly,
or very sandy soils are the least susceptible. Frost heave and low soil strength
during thawing cause damage to pavements and other rigid structures.
46
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Frost Action �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
�� . �'. �` /' �� + i .-:/' r '�� '` 4�
�.- V �e! '�
� � ! `,` ` ��11.� / ''� ��1;'r�' � '�
�1 r �\ 1���yr � �'��
` { i ��'•.\ / �V�.Y' Y..� � \ ��♦ ^_1 .
� ,, � j .�►�, F Hr�,. �_ -.� . _� . • �—�
I i , :���> ,� r. .� — - ;—
'.� tj,� _ �� l�i��Mw1i�;' .:�i. .� , .
., 1 � `! ��,.� � : ..
+. � � 1 I " • M
�' , y { • a..-
�� . _-' �+. - e >�_ . � �
i w' i'�f��� � � - '',� - _ .� �_- . �
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�°�' , � ��
i .. �� , � - ����
M. .�1 �� . '� r . .. . : _ . . _ . - Tl _ �_L� .. ��I'-�
/�
g� ` �J�' '', /1�]/� ,. g
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1 7'"n
—' I. r�' <` ,;;� 7 ��� `�'_ �' '� � ' .�� � 1 is �
,'K.� 'y1 � sl_. � � �, •-` --- •
` � � .�. ti..4�$ 4 L> '1�
� ��iy _ — ''+�,` ; _ -
i. y '+ ��_ �
�L �. ��N� � �. 1. -
. �
�_� ' ~ E _ .�� L , �-.r
R t� `+ ��- . .. f � ��
�- �:..� -�� ' �.- ��
.. . �. �. . . i-.. __..._._�-. .
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
47
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) US Routes The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Major Roads
Soils Local Roads
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� High Background
aeriai Photography Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 Moderate �' misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
0 Low line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
0 None SCale.
� Not rated or not available
Soil Rating Lines Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
� High
. . Moderate Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
. . Low Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
.�y None
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
. . Not rated or not available projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
Soil Rating Points distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
� High Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
� Moderate
� Low This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s)listed below.
� None
� Not rated or not available Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Water Features
Streams and Canals Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
Transportation 1:50,000 or larger.
... Rails Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
ti Interstate Highways 29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
48
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Frost Action
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately Moderate 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to High 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Frost Action
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Higher
Drainage Class
"Drainage class (natural)" refers to the frequency and duration of wet periods under
conditions similar to those under which the soil formed. Alterations of the water
regime by human activities, either through drainage or irrigation, are not a
consideration unless they have significantly changed the morphology of the soil.
Seven classes of natural soil drainage are recognized-excessively drained,
somewhat excessively drained, well drained, moderately well drained, somewhat
poorly drained, poorly drained, and very poorly drained. These classes are defined
in the "Soil Survey Manual."
49
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Drainage Class �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
�� . �'� �! /• �� 1 i �-:/'�� T�� '� '1�
�._ 4 � '� ♦
R� ' � ' , � . - _
y �� � � l�.� 10�,+-,
� ` � �.,�
t• rl � �v /�� �::
� } , �' ,,��` .• :
-�•,. ''. �;.,- �r � ��
�-' i i .� �,i.. _ `� _ . ._ ��
, � ;-
: I `j,1 � ! �.�.• ��tE Y� "I � '/G
�� . y � r { • �..-
�� . _'' ji.: - A >� . �a A
� �'' ���' � (s � ',` _..:..a_, +�_ , '
� Y; '� �a 1 �
I , `�
� = y ���j �� � �`�S
M. .� � . ►, r �♦ ' _,__ .. ,—I'-_
8� ` �J�' '', ��7/� ,. 8
� ' r+ �._ `�iJU("1 _ �
� _`-- • !! ���. • r .,�,y��
. �.� � � ��-' -- "
�, �� -, � 4: _-
� �'�:! : �;.� .=�� ���
, ��� t , � -�
�- _ � ��� ::�� 1� ���
,�-, � � ,
, � _ _ _ .__ _ .
_ � , ��� � _ _ __:
�Co ' , i_
� � t. ,��
- - ~ .a _ -� i/'�` �GJ ` �
�- ;�� i �f -- .' . ;., � :�
' ��� +► r .��-�,. .�. �
� i �' � I�
-'=�J � -`
, - - ., - � .. � � ,
�`� � -r� ��
�—� i. r�� <� � ` ..� � � �s �
-=r- — --- .
. y:
�.� � ,� � _
. �
�_ �...�
:
�= R �:..� ��.- ��
_ `---_ ___
- . . - � ��: -
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
50
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) � Excessively drained The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
0 Somewhat excessively
Soils drained
Soil Rating Polygons ❑ well drained Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� Excessively drained 0 Moderately well drained
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 Somewnat excessiveiy � Somewnat pooriy drained misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
drained line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
0 Well drained � Poorly drained contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� Moderately well drained � Very poorly drained SCale.
� Somewhat poorly drained � Subaqueous
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
� Poorly drained ❑ Not rated or not available measurements.
� Very poorly drained Water Features
Streams and Canals Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
0 Subaqueous Web Soil Survey URL:
Transportation Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
� Not rated or not available
� Rails
Soil Rating�ines ,y Interstate Highways Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
,y Excessively drained projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
US Routes distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
.y Somewhat excessively Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
drained Major Roads accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
. . Well drained Local Roads
. . Moderatelywell drained gackground This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s)listed below.
. . Somewhat poorly drained � Aerial Photography
.y Poorly drained Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
^/ Very poorly drained
,y Subaqueous Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
. . Not rated or not available
Soil Rating Points Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
51
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Drainage Class
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turner loam,moderately Well drained 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to Somewhat poorly 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes drained
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Drainage Class
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Higher
Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer
A"restrictive layer" is a nearly continuous layer that has one or more physical,
chemical, or thermal properties that significantly impede the movement of water and
air through the soil or that restrict roots or otherwise provide an unfavorable root
environment. Examples are bedrock, cemented layers, dense layers, and frozen
layers.
This theme presents the depth to any type of restrictive layer that is described for
each map unit. If more than one type of restrictive layer is described for an
individual soil type, the depth to the shallowest one is presented. If no restrictive
layer is described in a map unit, it is represented by the "greater than 200" depth
class.
This attribute is actually recorded as three separate values in the database. A low
value and a high value indicate the range of this attribute for the soil component. A
"representative"value indicates the expected value of this attribute for the
component. For this soil property, only the representative value is used.
52
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
�� . �- �` /' r ��.+ i ��/' r '�� ` '1�
�y ��_ ' � �.' r� � +��L � '_, /4 ��•�/ �10��/��
� r �'� �' , < �; - �_. - - �.,�
� } . ��•'\ , �> ` � � l��= ', �
�—:' "I i �,�►.,�.: �,' �'�r ,� _ . ._ �—�
ij,, _ • > � � ;_ •
' � 1 � � ��.•� 4 " , ' �.
�M% ` M � �' _ / ' � { • a..-
, ,�; , -.' �, . e >�_ . � �
� �'� ���� �� � "�f/ ��` _..s_a_, s_ . '
� r � ��'! 1 �
Y� � _ � � � . � ;,__ - ' \�
� � ��M � y�{ ���'�S - �`S
M. ,� t� . ♦ � i�:. �'_:t' .; �`��♦ ' ,_�t .. ,_I. _
g ' ` � a��•�i-� ,� ; r� � ;' L' � g
�� �� �f .'. �'. - � ._ �
� --� . , v ti�� --�I r _ _ . c_ _
_ -- • !V �—_ 7r. • - - � r .,+.yT�
� • �v�j-�' � � r�t '# � !�� r i •
"�' `�•� IF • 4'� � - �,�,y-�yJ '- 4' -' -
�y�- � ' . �1Sc�� , '
1 " ��! � � �, '' I I, � `�` .� ���
_ f ,��.� < _ /'u �. �� , ��� -�4
� � .� _ � � ,��f� j 1,� ����
, �
�, . _ , , �. A �: � �, �. _ _ .__ _ .
` �I � �{�. : l�i1Cf�`' �� . �" �- ,� - --� i—
� F i �'� '� '` ' r ,�'
- - .a � �` i'�:`� -�, �"���;" < i:, �
� �
-� ; - ,�1 �r :'� ' + .♦
� _ ' "' � '� '?`� i � l . �
��. ���, I - C�:. i �..
' ,�,� ► r � '� .s - � ,� .�.,
I
-'�� � �� �x� ► � � � _ �' � I�
�A����'�ti ��L �� �
, — — ..,�.� . � .�,- ;., �:,,. .. � � ,
i`� ,, �: , +� � '�'.; _.. -r r �
—I ra i � < < fi' .y�' i �
� I. - <� � �;. � ...� � I �s �
•"`�. � r _ � ,�` .�...,_ ,.- - ,., ---y .
�. �� � ,�-Jy ��I .� i. � ; ..I I � 1��. _
�_ � � r � i - _ _ �
w� �� - ` � p, `
-�� � `� i'� - �
� R C� '� ..'� �j:�.��,•�` i .4. ���'.. ��
� � _ _. �� :� �- �y __. .___ .
_ �
- � . .. .: --'-T—�-�.. — — — � -
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
53
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) � Not rated or not available The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Water Features
Soils Streams and Canals
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
Transportation
� 0-25
... Rails Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
� 25-50 �y Interstate Highways misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
50-100 line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
0 US Routes contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� 100-150 Major Roads sCale.
� 150-200 Local Roads
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
Q >200 Background measurements.
� Not rated or not available � Aerial Photography
Soil Rating�ines Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
,y o-25 Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
. r 25-50
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
. . 50-10o projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
. . 100-150 distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
�y 150-200 accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
r.y� >200
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
. . Not rated or not available of the version date(s)listed below.
Soil Rating Points
� 0-25 Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
p 25-so
� 50-100 Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
� 100-150
0 150-20o Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
� >200
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
54
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating(centimeters) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately >200 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to >200 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer
Units of Measure:centimeters
Aggregation Method: Dominant Component
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Lower
Interpret Nulls as Zero: No
Map Unit Name
A soil map unit is a collection of soil areas or nonsoil areas (miscellaneous areas)
delineated in a soil survey. Each map unit is given a name that uniquely identifies
the unit in a particular soil survey area.
55
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Map Unit Name �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
�� . �'. �` /' �� 1 i .-:/' r '�� '` 4�
t . +y� /4 ,�
! ♦
� ��_ r� �'�` `♦ �11:` / '.� ��•� ���'v�
� �:: "�
�. � , ,�' ��� ��`f
i } + ) � , ..� .r.r '�. 4 ' � . �
� - -F'',♦ , �.' ♦ ' ♦`. ��
—' ' j _��!':,� r�. . _� . . ._ ��
I � , st: r .� — - ;—
. tj; : : r,,,,, � , ,y�r ,
y 1 � � ��.. ;�, '.�� < : ..
w� � � r� 1 � � N
`% ` M { • a..-
, �� , _-'' �,+. - ' � e >�_ . � �
� w� i��� � � - � '�,` - _ .� �_- . �
�-� Y; �': • , �a �.;� �
t � , ' - �i�� ��
_ '' ��� ' .� � s
M. "� � . ► ♦ v. , �♦ ' �_L_ .. ,_I'-�
8� � J�i/i � �'; �• ' '` �' — 8
� i /��7/� �
� � y,a i' � S,i°JUG.1 . .q r� ` _ �
� _`-- • !! �—� � r ..e y��
_. . `..� ` y. - — ;�`'� ���-'� -- " �
"�' `� •,� �. �•y��,�fT� � �4' _' _
� • �. i �' r f�'�Sc'St f .�•'� ���
' ' � • � '�' '� '<�, -r4
� �' � ��� ��, I .. ,.�k � '� ,�'��
. , � _ 1�
�-. �� _ , _ _ .__ _ .
` �I � k�i1CC3 .x — --� i—
� � � r ��
F � tr y
— _ � ; ' �a- yr Q ! �♦ � —
A �' l
� '��. ��, ; ��. ' �
i :<<� j r �� � ' .�., i
-�_`�_"'J � ��" � , �'� ` I�
1�}��1d+, 'l '!`.: �. �
��
y ' ' �{k�t' , •.-- � ,�• •� 1
� { � ::, ` + ��
1 , !� , -r�
�—i`�h �: , ,, ��� � .I �
' r_�, �' 7 �� `` .��it � 1 is
.=r- '� �- .��- - --- .
- y� � �,� �� .
..._ �z _ ... � _
#`- 'i �e '. _
_� �
�_ � �..�
: . � - V
�= R �:..� , . ��'_� ��._ ��
-� -- „ ___
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
56
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) US Routes The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Major Roads
Soils Local Roads
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� Meadowcreek loam,0 to Background
4 percent slopes � aeriai Photography Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 Turner loam,moderately misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
wet,o to 2 percent slopes line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
0 rvot rated or not avaiiabie contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
scale.
Soil Rating Lines
,.y Meadowcreek loam,0 to
a percent slopes Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
,.�y Turner loam,moderately meBSUrements.
wet,0 to 2 percent slopes
. . Not rated or not available Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
Soil Rating Points Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
� Meadowcreek loam,0 to
4 percent slopes Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
� Turner ioam,moderateiy projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
wet,0 to 2 percent slopes distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
� Not rated or not available Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
water Features accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
Streams and Canals
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
Transportation of the version date(s)listed below.
� Rails
,.,� Interstate Highways Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
57
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Map Unit Name
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turner loam,moderately Turner loam, moderately 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to Meadowcreek loam,0 to 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes 4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Map Unit Name
Aggregation Method: No Aggregation Necessary
Tie-break Rule: Lower
Representative Slope
Slope gradient is the difference in elevation between two points, expressed as a
percentage of the distance between those points.
The slope gradient is actually recorded as three separate values in the database. A
low value and a high value indicate the range of this attribute for the soil
component. A"representative" value indicates the expected value of this attribute
for the component. For this soil property, only the representative value is used.
58
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Representative Slope �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
�� . �'. �` /' �� + i .-:/' r '�� '` 4�
�.- V �e! '�
� � ! `,` ` ��11.� / ''� ��1;'r�' � '�
� r �\ � � �'��
� � � � ,�- �V�.r' ;`f : ^_� �
. _�'',♦ , �. �R„ � � � �
�—� i j .�►�; ,� f-ry �_ � _� _ . ._ ��
i %:,�+�°s>�: 'r ,t. .� — ;—
, tj;' : ��� �p. ,,�r:?; . .y;r' j ' .
y 1 � � ��,�� � �,;, : ..
. '�� r� � ' �
.� , M � �'' { a.-
�; . -' ,�t, - e >�_ . ; �,
i ' i (� - :. - _ . _ __ _ ,
� w` �"""f` , ` '�r �•r �.
�a La_. s �
� Y, � � r � i �
.; i �
� � ��M ' � � �`';
M. -� � . ►, ^�° �♦ _ _,�_ �_�-_
g ' •� �r ' _ !� � . ` 8
`� ' .�-� � "4,�'JUGJ j !`r •- �
� _`-- • !! ��. - .,�,y��
• �`� . � �' �it�i �. l. !r�-�' '_ r t
"�' `,��� � - .» .. . ... �i,Sf } w7� .4 �-
�'i �r � �rc'
�._ �,r e"�Sc
� ��� � - -�, �•�� •��� -��
r..� �
t �,�.�� :�k... ,p i ,-�
�- _ , �, �, � , 1� � ���
,
�--, t _ _ .__ _ .
- ' � `' �� .; - --� i—
� � � r ��
C � .� �
� ,
_ - -� ; , .q_ �� 1 ` k` , `. � -
;�� ` �
� - ��, � ,., .
-�" � - ' � �
� ��„ i r� :!� � � � ' ,_� �� f
_ _�"J �'���r � I�
�'�,� '(� ��. .'y �
� I � � �
� �` (�j �._1� ', yl•. j�_ _ '� .� ��
� t� • F �� Y �-
,���. ,r -rr �J�
.F •- `
�� r� tr � �• �i 1
� � I h �S ' (�� ��� . � �Jc� 1 � 7I �
,'K"' '� ��� lJ_ \.'i -. y, �"__y .
w r� . � . .1 �' -
�- �� . -� . � . �
. . _ � ' " •i
�. � T �t
� R • S� - Yj ��• ' � � . , J:�'. � . �����'-�+.� ,"'.� ��
. ���1.',�t�t.�
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
59
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) Transportation The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) � Rails 1:24,000.
Soils ti Interstate Highways
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
US Routes
� 0-5
Major Roads Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 5-15 misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
Local Roads line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
� 15-45
Background contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� 45-60 � Aerial Photography sCale.
0 60-100
0 Not rated or not available Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
Soil Rating Lines
� o-5 Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
. . 5-15 Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
. . 15-45
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
N 45-6o projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
,y 60-100 distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
. . Not rated or not available accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
Soil Rating Points
� o-5 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s)listed below.
� 5-,5
� 15-45 Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
p as-so
� 60-100 Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
� Not rated or not available
Water Features Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
Streams and Canals 29'2�22
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
60
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Representative Slope
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating(percent) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately 1.0 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to 2.0 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Representative Slope
Units of Measure: percent
Aggregation Method: Dominant Component
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Higher
Interpret Nulls as Zero: No
Water Features
Water Features include ponding frequency, flooding frequency, and depth to water
table.
Depth to Water Table
"Water table" refers to a saturated zone in the soil. It occurs during specified
months. Estimates of the upper limit are based mainly on observations of the water
table at selected sites and on evidence of a saturated zone, namely grayish colors
(redoximorphic features) in the soil. A saturated zone that lasts for less than a
month is not considered a water table.
This attribute is actually recorded as three separate values in the database. A low
value and a high value indicate the range of this attribute for the soil component. A
"representative"value indicates the expected value of this attribute for the
component. For this soil property, only the representative value is used.
61
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Depth to Water Table �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
�� . �'� �! /• �� 1 i �-:/'�� T�� '� '1�
�._ 4 � '� ♦
R� ' ' - - ���/1'
y . 1�� � �J ��i;'r�r' �,'-��
� �j� ' � ��:A � �' �4,""1
(' j �V , �:: -.•�
� } + ��� � , .��.r' l ..
� _ -��',♦ , '. �;.,' �,4� ,"�. �
�-` � i :`_.� -,�.._ `� _ . ._ ��
,; , ;_
' � `j"1 � ! ��-'' � � 'i ' �K
�� . M � { • a..-
�� . _-' �+. - e >�_ . � �
i w' i'�f��� � � - '',� - _ .� �_- . �
�-� Y; : • , �a �' �
�°�' , � ��
w. '' '��" � � 's _ ._
� � ' ► f ' ., �♦ L� � ..
8� � I J! i �', ��• �' 8
`� � �:,i°JUL=� �
� �_`-- • ��!! ��.' �' --r- �y''
. `.� � �`'� ��-' -- "
�, �� -. � 4 -�
� �� , , � � t
1 f � `�! •� ." � •� �`�
� - ��� .'°iF1t� ,�. I �, � , _ ' 'rl �
,�-, _ , 1�
, � _ _ .__ _ .
` �I ' I �]iCC3 �- - - --� i-
� F � ` ,�'
- - � .a � � Q� �:' �
�- _ � i -- . � � �' � .-�
�,. ��, � . � ,..
� ,<<, j r �i -�,. ' .�. �
. , I
� ! �' � �
�_� .l..: �.
y - - � , �. •� J i
�
? 1 .., �.;?� !�' _ . -r� �
� �� � �.yI +J ��
—, Ir- ���_ �� � r_ 'dc�l I ----� �S �
, Y.
� 1.z. l_R -�. ti.1 t�1�
— � �
�- ! �".�
' v
�- R �:..� � ��.- ��
�; .__ ___
- . . . . � ��: -
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
62
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) � Not rated or not available The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Water Features
Soils Streams and Canals
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
Transportation
� 0-25
... Rails Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
� 25-50 �y Interstate Highways misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
50-100 line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
0 US Routes contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� 100-150 Major Roads sCale.
� 150-200 Local Roads
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
Q >200 Background measurements.
� Not rated or not available � Aerial Photography
Soil Rating�ines Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
,y o-25 Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
. r 25-50
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
. . 50-10o projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
. . 100-150 distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
�y 150-200 accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
r.y� >200
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
. . Not rated or not available of the version date(s)listed below.
Soil Rating Points
� 0-25 Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
p 25-so
� 50-100 Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
� 100-150
0 150-20o Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
� >200
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
63
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Depth to Water Table
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating(centimeters) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately 183 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to 84 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
64
Custom Soil Resource Report
Rating Options—Depth to Water Table
Units of Measure:centimeters
Aggregation Method: Dominant Component
Component Percent Cutoff.• None Specified
Tie-break Rule: Lower
Interpret Nulls as Zero: No
Beginning Month:January
Ending Month: December
Ponding Frequency Class
Ponding is standing water in a closed depression. The water is removed only by
deep percolation, transpiration, or evaporation or by a combination of these
processes. Ponding frequency classes are based on the number of times that
ponding occurs over a given period. Frequency is expressed as none, rare,
occasional, and frequent.
"None" means that ponding is not probable. The chance of ponding is nearly 0
percent in any year.
"Rare" means that ponding is unlikely but possible under unusual weather
conditions. The chance of ponding is nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year.
"Occasional" means that ponding occurs, on the average, once or less in 2 years.
The chance of ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year.
"FrequenY' means that ponding occurs, on the average, more than once in 2 years.
The chance of ponding is more than 50 percent in any year.
65
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Ponding Frequency Class �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
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� `. _.- �� 'a` _ •--,�,� �.�Fr."� " � - __. .:__ '
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
66
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) US Routes The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Major Roads
Soils Local Roads
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� None Background
aeriai Photography Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 Rare �' misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
0 occasional line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� Frequent SCale.
� Not rated or not available
Soil Rating Lines Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
�.y� None
. . Rare Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
.� occasional Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
ry Frequent
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
. . Not rated or not available projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
Soil Rating Points distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
� None Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
� Rare
� occasional This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s)listed below.
� Frequent
� Not rated or not available Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Water Features
Streams and Canals Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
Transportation 1:50,000 or larger.
... Rails Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
ti Interstate Highways 29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
67
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Ponding Frequency Class
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately None 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to None 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Ponding Frequency Class
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: More Frequent
Beginning Month:January
Ending Month: December
Flooding Frequency Class
Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area caused by overflowing streams, by
runoff from adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short periods after
rainfall or snowmelt is not considered flooding, and water standing in swamps and
marshes is considered ponding rather than flooding.
Frequency is expressed as none, very rare, rare, occasional, frequent, and very
frequent.
"None" means that flooding is not probable. The chance of flooding is nearly 0
percent in any year. Flooding occurs less than once in 500 years.
"Very rare" means that flooding is very unlikely but possible under extremely
unusual weather conditions. The chance of flooding is less than 1 percent in any
year.
"Rare" means that flooding is unlikely but possible under unusual weather
conditions. The chance of flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year.
"Occasional" means that flooding occurs infrequently under normal weather
conditions. The chance of flooding is 5 to 50 percent in any year.
68
Custom Soil Resource Report
"FrequenY' means that flooding is likely to occur often under normal weather
conditions. The chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in any year but is less
than 50 percent in all months in any year.
"Very frequenY' means that flooding is likely to occur very often under normal
weather conditions. The chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in all months of
any year.
69
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Flooding Frequency Class �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
�' ,�� .� �v' i � i/' � �� �� �/� �+ �,� `�I
�: ♦ � �!� " � ' i 9 ��e 1 � ��
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�.- V �e! '�
� � ! `,` ` ��11.� / ''� ��1;'r�' � '�
�1 r �\ 1���yr � �'��
` { i ��'•.\ / �V�.Y' Y..� � \ ��♦ ^_1 .
� �, � j •�►�:- FH!�,:r �_ :� _� . • �—�
! i , :,�+�°�> r t .G - ;—
, sj,. _ '��. �� .y�r i^ , ,
., 1 � ! ��;�� � : ..
, r� � � ' �
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i ' i (� - :. - _ . _ __ - ,
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��
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g ' '� -�IJ' � -�, E - � g
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Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
7�
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) � Common The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
� Frequent
Soils
� very Frequent Warnin Soil Ma ma not be valid at this scale.
Soil Rating Polygons g� p y
� None � Not rated or not available
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
0 very Rare water Features misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
Streams and Canals line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
� Rare
Transportation contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
� Occasional SCale.
� Rails
� Common
ti Interstate Highways
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
� Frequent US Routes measurements.
� Very Frequent Major Roads
Not rated or not available Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
0 Local Roads Web Soil Survey URL:
Soil Rating Lines Background Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
� None Aerial Photography
� Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
. . Very Rare projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
. . Rare distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
. . Occasional accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
. • Common
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
� Frequent of the version date(s)listed below.
� Very Frequent
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
. . Not rated or not available Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Soil Rating Points
� None Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
0 Very Rare
� Rare Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
� Occasional
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
71
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Flooding Frequency Class
Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
457A Turnerloam,moderately None 10.8 27.1%
wet,0 to 2 percent
slopes
510B Meadowcreek loam,0 to None 28.9 72.9%
4 percent slopes
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
Rating Options—Flooding Frequency Class
Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition
Component Percent Cutoff.� None Specified
Tie-break Rule: More Frequent
Beginning Month:January
Ending Month: December
72
Custom Soil Resource Report
Ecological Sites
Individual soil map unit components can be correlated to a particular ecological site.
The Ecological Site Assessment section includes ecological site descriptions, plant
growth curves, state and transition models, and selected National Plants database
information.
All Ecological Sites —
An "ecological site" is the product of all the environmental factors responsible for its
development. It has characteristic soils that have developed over time; a
characteristic hydrology, particularly infiltration and runoff, that has developed over
time; and a characteristic plant community (kind and amount of vegetation). The
vegetation, soils, and hydrology are all interrelated. Each is influenced by the others
and influences the development of the others. For example, the hydrology of the
site is influenced by development of the soil and plant community. The plant
community on an ecological site is typified by an association of species that differs
from that of other ecological sites in the kind and/or proportion of species or in total
production.
An ecological site name provides a general description of a particular ecological
site. For example, "Loamy Upland" is the name of a rangeland ecological site. An
"ecological site ID" is the symbol assigned to a particular ecological site.
The map identifies the dominant ecological site for each map unit, aggregated by
dominant condition. Other ecological sites may occur within each map unit. Each
map unit typically consists of one or more components (soils and/or miscellaneous
areas). Each soil component is associated with an ecological site. Miscellaneous
areas, such as rock outcrop, sand dunes, and badlands, have little or no soil
material and support little or no vegetation and therefore are not linked to an
ecological site. The table below the map lists all of the ecological sites for each map
unit component in your area of interest.
73
Custom Soil Resource Report
� Map—Dominant Ecological Site �
�
asaaoo asasao asasoo a�a�oo asasoo as�oo
45°38'S4"N �—� �.�i' �j�� d I� �r � _. . . � : i� I ''. q � �4—� 45°38'S4"N
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r. -
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_ ., -_. .___
- _ _ : - - -
Soil Map may not �e valid at this scale.
45°38'28"N • � I I I I I I 45°38'28"N
494400 494500 49A('�00 491700 494800 4.94900
� �
� Map S�le:1:3,900 if pnnted on A portraR(8.5"x 11")sheet. -
� N Meters �
0 50 100 200 300
� Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projectlon:Web Mercator Comer coordinates:WGS84 Edge bcs:UTM Zone 12N WG584
74
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest(Aol) The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
Area of Interest(AOI) 1:24,000.
Soils
Soil Rating Polygons Warning:Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
� R044BB032MT
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
� R044BP815MT misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
0 Not rated or not available line placement.The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
Soil Rating Lines SCale.
� R044BB032MT
� R044BP815MT Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
. . Not rated or not available
Soil Rating Points Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
� R044BB032MT Web Soil Survey URL:
Coordinate System: Web Mercator(EPSG:3857)
� R044BP815MT
� Not rated or not available Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection,which preserves direction and shape but distorts
Water Features distance and area.A projection that preserves area,such as the
Streams and Canals Albers equal-area conic projection,should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
Transportation
,_,_. Rails This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
,..� Interstate Highways of the version date(s)listed below.
US Routes
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area,Montana
Major Roads Survey Area Data: Version 28,Aug 22,2024
Local Roads
Soil map units are labeled(as space allows)for map scales
Background 1:50,000 orlarger.
� Aerial Photography
Date(s)aerial images were photographed: Aug 18,2022—Aug
29,2022
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps.As a result,some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
75
Custom Soil Resource Report
Table—Ecological Sites by Map Unit Component
Map unit symbol Map unit name Component name Ecological site Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
(percent)
457A Turner loam, Turner(85%) R044BB032MT— 10.8 27.1%
moderately wet,0 Loamy(Lo)LRU
to 2 percent 01 Subset B
slopes
Beaverton(5%) R044BP818MT—
Upland Grassland
Meadowcreek(5%) R044BP815MT—
Subirrigated
Grassland
Turner(5%) R044B6032MT—
Loamy(Lo)LRU
01 Subset B
510B Meadowcreek loam, Meadowcreek(85%) R044BP815MT— 28.9 72.9%
0 to 4 percent Subirrigated
slopes Grassland
Blossberg(10%) R044BP815MT—
Subirrigated
Grassland
Beaverton(5%) R044BP818MT—
Upland Grassland
Totals for Area of Interest 39.6 100.0%
76
Custom Soil Resource Report
Soil Reports
The Soil Reports section includes various formatted tabular and narrative reports
(tables) containing data for each selected soil map unit and each component of
each unit. No aggregation of data has occurred as is done in reports in the Soil
Properties and Qualities and Suitabilities and Limitations sections.
The reports contain soil interpretive information as well as basic soil properties and
qualities. A description of each report (table) is included.
Soil Physical Properties
This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present soil physical
properties. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for
each map unit. Soil physical properties are measured or inferred from direct
observations in the field or laboratory. Examples of soil physical properties include
percent clay, organic matter, saturated hydraulic conductivity, available water
capacity, and bulk density.
Engineering Properties
This table gives the engineering classifications and the range of engineering
properties for the layers of each soil in the survey area.
Hydrologic soil group is a group of soils having similar runoff potential under similar
storm and cover conditions. The criteria for determining Hydrologic soil group is
found in the National Engineering Handbook, Chapter 7 issued May 2007(http://
directives.sc.egov.usda.gov/OpenNonWebContent.aspx?content=17757.wba).
Listing HSGs by soil map unit component and not by soil series is a new concept for
the engineers. Past engineering references contained lists of HSGs by soil series.
Soil series are continually being defined and redefined, and the list of soil series
names changes so frequently as to make the task of maintaining a single national
list virtually impossible. Therefore, the criteria is now used to calculate the HSG
using the component soil properties and no such national series lists will be
maintained. All such references are obsolete and their use should be discontinued.
Soil properties that influence runoff potential are those that influence the minimum
rate of infiltration for a bare soil after prolonged wetting and when not frozen. These
properties are depth to a seasonal high water table, saturated hydraulic conductivity
after prolonged wetting, and depth to a layer with a very slow water transmission
rate. Changes in soil properties caused by land management or climate changes
also cause the hydrologic soil group to change. The influence of ground cover is
treated independently. There are four hydrologic soil groups, A, B, C, and D, and
three dual groups, A/D, B/D, and C/D. In the dual groups, the first letter is for
drained areas and the second letter is for undrained areas.
The four hydrologic soil groups are described in the following paragraphs:
Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential)when thoroughly
wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or
gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission.
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Group 8. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These
consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained
soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils
have a moderate rate of water transmission.
Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or
soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water
transmission.
Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential)when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell
potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at
or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material.
These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission.
Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.
Texture is given in the standard terms used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
These terms are defined according to percentages of sand, silt, and clay in the
fraction of the soil that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. "Loam,"for example, is
soil that is 7 to 27 percent clay, 28 to 50 percent silt, and less than 52 percent sand.
If the content of particles coarser than sand is 15 percent or more, an appropriate
modifier is added, for example, "gravelly."
Classification of the soils is determined according to the Unified soil classification
system (ASTM, 2005) and the system adopted by the American Association of
State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO, 2004).
The Unified system classifies soils according to properties that affect their use as
construction material. Soils are classified according to particle-size distribution of
the fraction less than 3 inches in diameter and according to plasticity index, liquid
limit, and organic matter content. Sandy and gravelly soils are identified as GW, GP,
GM, GC, SW, SP, SM, and SC; silty and clayey soils as ML, CL, OL, MH, CH, and
OH; and highly organic soils as PT. Soils exhibiting engineering properties of two
groups can have a dual classification, for example, CL-ML.
The AASHTO system classifies soils according to those properties that affect
roadway construction and maintenance. In this system, the fraction of a mineral soil
that is less than 3 inches in diameter is classified in one of seven groups from A-1
through A-7 on the basis of particle-size distribution, liquid limit, and plasticity index.
Soils in group A-1 are coarse grained and low in content of fines (silt and clay). At
the other extreme, soils in group A-7 are fine grained. Highly organic soils are
classified in group A-8 on the basis of visual inspection.
If laboratory data are available, the A-1, A-2, and A-7 groups are further classified
as A-1-a, A-1-b, A-2-4, A-2-5, A-2-6, A-2-7, A-7-5, or A-7-6. As an additional
refinement, the suitability of a soil as subgrade material can be indicated by a group
index number. Group index numbers range from 0 for the best subgrade material to
20 or higher for the poorest.
Percentage of rock fragments larger than 10 inches in diameter and 3 to 10 inches
in diameter are indicated as a percentage of the total soil on a dry-weight basis. The
percentages are estimates determined mainly by converting volume percentage in
the field to weight percentage. Three values are provided to identify the expected
Low (L), Representative Value (R), and High (H).
Percentage (of soil particles)passing designated sieves is the percentage of the soil
fraction less than 3 inches in diameter based on an ovendry weight. The sieves,
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Custom Soil Resource Report
numbers 4, 10, 40, and 200 (USA Standard Series), have openings of 4.76, 2.00,
0.420, and 0.074 millimeters, respectively. Estimates are based on laboratory tests
of soils sampled in the survey area and in nearby areas and on estimates made in
the field. Three values are provided to identify the expected Low(L), Representative
Value (R), and High (H).
Liquid limit and plasticity index(Atterberg limits) indicate the plasticity
characteristics of a soil. The estimates are based on test data from the survey area
or from nearby areas and on field examination. Three values are provided to identify
the expected Low (L), Representative Value (R), and High (H).
References:
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling
and testing. 24th edition.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Absence of an entry indicates that the data were not estimated. The asterisk'*' denotes the representative texture; other
possible textures follow the dash. The criteria for determining the hydrologic soil group for individual soil components is
found in the National Engineering Handbook, Chapter 7 issued May 2007(http://directives.sc.egov.usda.gov/
OpenNonWebContent.aspx?content=17757.wba). Three values are provided to identify the expected Low (L),
Representative Value (R), and High (H).
Engineering Properties—Gallatin County Area,Montana
Map unit symbol and Pct.of Hydrolo Depth USDA texture Classification Pct Fragments Percentage passing sieve number— Liquid Plasticit
soil name map gic limit y index
unit group Unified AASHTO >10 3-10 4 70 40 200
inches inches
In L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H
457A—Turner loam,
moderately wet,0 to
2 percent slopes
Turner 85 B 0-6 Loam CL-ML A-4 0-0-0 0-5-10 80-90-1 75-88-1 65-80- 50-63- 25-28 5-8-10
00 00 95 75 -30
6-12 Clay loam,silty clay CL,GC, A-6 0-0-0 0-5-10 65-83-1 60-80-1 55-73- 35-53- 30-35 10-15-2
loam,gravelly SC 00 00 90 70 -40 0
loam
12-26 Loam,clay loam, CL,GC, A-6 0-0-0 0-5-10 65-83-1 60-80-1 55-75- 40-58- 30-35 10-13-1
gravelly loam SC 00 00 95 75 -40 5
26-60 Extremely gravelly GM,GP, A-1 0-0-0 10-20- 25-43- 15-33- 10-23- 0-8-15 0-7-14 NP
sand,very gravelly GP-GM 30 60 50 35
loamy sand,very
gravelly sand
5106—Meadowcreek I
loam,0 to 4 percent
slopes
Meadowcreek 85 C 0-11 Loam CL-ML A-4 0-0-0 0-0-0 95-98-1 90-95-1 70-83- 50-63- 20-25 5-8-10
00 00 95 75 -30
11-25 Loam,sandy loam, CL-ML, A-4 0-0-0 0-0-0 95-98-1 90-95-1 70-80- 40-58- 20-25 5-8-10
silt loam SC-SM 00 00 90 75 -30
25-60 Very gravelly sand, GP,GP- A-1 0-0-0 0-5-10 25-35- 15-25- 10-18- 0-5-10 0-0-19 NP
extremely gravelly GM 45 35 25
sand,very gravelly
loamy sand i
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Physical Soil Properties
This table shows estimates of some physical characteristics and features that affect
soil behavior. These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in the survey
area. The estimates are based on field observations and on test data for these and
similar soils.
Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.
Particle size is the effective diameter of a soil particle as measured by
sedimentation, sieving, or micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as
classes with specific effective diameter class limits. The broad classes are sand,
silt, and clay, ranging from the larger to the smaller.
Sand as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.05 millimeter to 2
millimeters in diameter. In this table, the estimated sand content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters
in diameter.
Silt as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.002 to 0.05
millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated silt content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters
in diameter.
Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are less than 0.002
millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated clay content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters
in diameter.
The content of sand, silt, and clay affects the physical behavior of a soil. Particle
size is important for engineering and agronomic interpretations, for determination of
soil hydrologic qualities, and for soil classification.
The amount and kind of clay affect the fertility and physical condition of the soil and
the ability of the soil to adsorb cations and to retain moisture. They influence shrink-
swell potential, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), plasticity, the ease of soil
dispersion, and other soil properties. The amount and kind of clay in a soil also
affect tillage and earthmoving operations.
Moist bulk density is the weight of soil (ovendry) per unit volume. Volume is
measured when the soil is at field moisture capacity, that is, the moisture content at
1/3-or 1/10-bar(33kPa or 10kPa) moisture tension. Weight is determined after the
soil is dried at 105 degrees C. In the table, the estimated moist bulk density of each
soil horizon is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter of soil material that is less
than 2 millimeters in diameter. Bulk density data are used to compute linear
extensibility, shrink-swell potential, available water capacity, total pore space, and
other soil properties. The moist bulk density of a soil indicates the pore space
available for water and roots. Depending on soil texture, a bulk density of more than
1.4 can restrict water storage and root penetration. Moist bulk density is influenced
by texture, kind of clay, content of organic matter, and soil structure.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ksat) refers to the ease with which pores in a
saturated soil transmit water. The estimates in the table are expressed in terms of
micrometers per second. They are based on soil characteristics observed in the
field, particularly structure, porosity, and texture. Saturated hydraulic conductivity
(Ksat) is considered in the design of soil drainage systems and septic tank
absorption fields.
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Available water capacity refers to the quantity of water that the soil is capable of
storing for use by plants. The capacity for water storage is given in inches of water
per inch of soil for each soil layer. The capacity varies, depending on soil properties
that affect retention of water. The most important properties are the content of
organic matter, soil texture, bulk density, and soil structure. Available water capacity
is an important factor in the choice of plants or crops to be grown and in the design
and management of irrigation systems. Available water capacity is not an estimate
of the quantity of water actually available to plants at any given time.
Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as moisture
content is decreased from a moist to a dry state. It is an expression of the volume
change between the water content of the clod at 1/3-or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or
10kPa tension) and oven dryness. The volume change is reported in the table as
percent change for the whole soil. The amount and type of clay minerals in the soil
influence volume change.
Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrink-swell potential of soils. The
shrink-swell potential is low if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than 3
percent; moderate if 3 to 6 percent; high if 6 to 9 percent; and very high if more than
9 percent. If the linear extensibility is more than 3, shrinking and swelling can cause
damage to buildings, roads, and other structures and to plant roots. Special design
commonly is needed.
Organic matter is the plant and animal residue in the soil at various stages of
decomposition. In this table, the estimated content of organic matter is expressed
as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in
diameter. The content of organic matter in a soil can be maintained by returning
crop residue to the soil.
Organic matter has a positive effect on available water capacity, water infiltration,
soil organism activity, and tilth. It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients for
crops and soil organisms.
Erosion factors are shown in the table as the K factor(Kw and Kf) and the T factor.
Erosion factor K indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill erosion by
water. Factor K is one of six factors used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation
(USLE) and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE)to predict the
average annual rate of soil loss by sheet and rill erosion in tons per acre per year.
The estimates are based primarily on percentage of silt, sand, and organic matter
and on soil structure and Ksat. Values of K range from 0.02 to 0.69. Other factors
being equal, the higher the value, the more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill
erosion by water.
Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the whole soil. The estimates are
modified by the presence of rock fragments.
Erosion factor Kf indicates the erodibility of the fine-earth fraction, or the material
less than 2 millimeters in size.
Erosion factor T is an estimate of the maximum average annual rate of soil erosion
by wind and/or water that can occur without affecting crop productivity over a
sustained period. The rate is in tons per acre per year.
Wind erodibility groups are made up of soils that have similar properties affecting
their susceptibility to wind erosion in cultivated areas. The soils assigned to group 1
are the most susceptible to wind erosion, and those assigned to group 8 are the
least susceptible. The groups are described in the "National Soil Survey Handbook."
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Wind erodibility index is a numerical value indicating the susceptibility of soil to wind
erosion, or the tons per acre per year that can be expected to be lost to wind
erosion. There is a close correlation between wind erosion and the texture of the
surface layer, the size and durability of surface clods, rock fragments, organic
matter, and a calcareous reaction. Soil moisture and frozen soil layers also
influence wind erosion.
Reference:
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. (http://soils.usda.gov)
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Physical Soil Properties-Gallatin County Area,Montana
Map symbol Depth Sand Silt Clay Moist Saturated Available Linear Organic Erosion Wind Wind
and soil name bulk hydraulic water extensibility matter factors erodibility erodibility
density conductivity capacity group index
Kw Kf T
In Pct Pct Pct g/cc micro m/sec In/In Pct Pct
457A—Turner
loam,
moderately
wet,0 to 2
percent
slopes
Turner 0-6 -42- -37- 15-21-27 1.10-1.30 4.00-14.00 0.15-0.19 0.0-2.9 2.0-4.0 .24 .24 3 6 48
6-12 -34- -37- 25-30-35 1.30-1.50 4.00-14.00 0.12-0.18 3.0-5.9 0.5-2.0 .28 .28
12-26 -34- -38- 18-28-35 1.35-1.50 4.00-14.00 0.12-0.18 3.0-5.9 0.0-0.5 .32 .32
26-60 -81- -17- 0-3-5 1.35-1.50 42.00-141.00 0.01-0.06 0.0-2.9 0.0-0.5 .05 .15
5106—
Meadowcreek
loam,0 to 4 i
percent
slopes
Meadowcreek 0-11 -41- -37- 18-22-25 1.20-1.40 4.00-14.00 0.18-0.20 0.0-2.9 2.0-5.0 .24 .24 3 6 48
11-25 -20- -54- 18-26-27 1.20-1.40 4.00-14.00 0.13-0.15 0.0-2.9 1.0-3.0 .37 .37
25-60 -96- -2- 0-3-5 1.20-1.50 141.00 0.02-0.03 0.0-2.9 0.0-0.5 .02 .02
84
References
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling
and testing. 24th edition.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of
wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service FWS/OBS-79/31.
Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.
Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.
Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric
soils in the United States.
National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.
Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_054262
Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for
making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://
www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_053577
Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://
www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_053580
Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands
Section.
United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of
Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical
Report Y-87-1.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National forestry manual. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/
home/?cid=nres142p2_053374
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/
detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084
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Custom Soil Resource Report
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nres/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nres142p2_054242
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States,
the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook
296. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?
cid=nres142p2_053624
United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land
capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http://
www.nres.usda.gov/I nternet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nres142p2_052290.pdf
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