HomeMy WebLinkAbout18-Mill Bldg Reno Zinc CladdingENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION
as per ISO 14025 and EN 15804+A2
Owner of the Declaration RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG
Publisher Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU)
Programme holder Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU)
Declaration number EPD-RHE-20230366-IBA1-EN
Issue date 02.01.2024
Valid to 01.01.2029
RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-grey
RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG
www.ibu-epd.com | https://epd-online.com
1. General Information
RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-
grey
Programme holder
IBU – Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.Hegelplatz 110117 BerlinGermany
Owner of the declaration
RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KGBahnhofstraße 9045711 DattelnGermany
Declaration number
EPD-RHE-20230366-IBA1-EN
Declared product / declared unit
1 kg of RHEINZINK®-prePATINA
This declaration is based on the product category rules:
Building metals, 04.07.2023
(PCR checked and approved by the SVR)
Issue date
02.01.2024
Valid to
01.01.2029
Dipl.-Ing. Hans Peters
(Chairman of Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.)
Scope:
The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was carried out according to DIN ISO
14044. Specific data from the company RHEINZINK in Datteln, Germany,
and from the database Sphera LCA FE were used. The LCA was carried
out for the manufacturing phase of the products, taking into account all
background data such as raw material production and transports ('cradle to
gate'). The use phase of the titanium zinc sheets is divided into several
application areas: roofing applications, roof drainage and facade
claddings. The treatment for the titanium zinc sheets was modelled in re-
melting furnaces for the end-of-life phase. The thereby resulting credit of
extracted zinc is counted as replacement for primary zinc.
The owner of the declaration shall be liable for the underlying information
and evidence; the IBU shall not be liable with respect to manufacturer
information, life cycle assessment data and evidences.
The EPD was created according to the specifications of EN 15804+A2. In
the following, the standard will be simplified as EN 15804.
Verification
The standard EN 15804 serves as the core PCR
Independent verification of the declaration and data according to ISO
14025:2011
internally X externally
Florian Pronold (Managing Director Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.)Ms Jane Anderson,(Independent verifier)
Environmental Product Declaration - RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG - RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-grey1
2. Product
2.1 Product description/Product definition
The basis of RHEINZINK®-prePATINA is electrolytic special
high-grade zinc in accordance with EN 1179. Added to this are
small amounts of titanium and copper based on EN 988. In
addition to other factors, the alloy composition is not only
important for the technological material properties of
RHEINZINK®, but also for the colour of its patina. The
RHEINZINK®-prePATINA blue-grey and graphite-grey surface
is the result of a chemical pickling process. This preweathering
process anticipates the colour of the typical natural patina,
which will develop during the period of use.
For the placing on the market in the EU and European Free
Trade Association (EFTA) (with the exception of Switzerland)
the Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011 applies. The products need a
Declaration of Performance taking into consideration EN 14782
or EN 14783 respectively and the CE-marking.
For the application and use the respective national provisions
apply.
2.2 Application
• Titanium zinc sheets, strips and profiles for roofing and facade
cladding according to EN 14782 -Self-supporting metal sheet
for roofing, external cladding and internal lining according to EN
14783 - Fully supported metal sheet and strip for roofing,
external cladding and internal lining. The products are CE-
marked based on these standards.
• Roof drainage systems (roof gutters, pipes and accessories)
according to EN 612 - Eaves gutters with bead stiffened fronts
and rainwater pipes with seamed joints made of metal sheet.
2.3 Technical Data
The following table gives conversion data from product surface
mass per unit area for the relevant product systems in roofing,
facade cladding and roof drainage.
Performance data of the product in accordance with the
respective declaration of performance with respect to its
essential characteristics according to EN 14782 and EN 14783
respectively.
Constructional data
Name Value Unit
Coefficient of thermal expansion 22 10-6K-1
Tensile strength /EN 10002-1/≥150 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity ≥80000 N/mm2
Melting point 420 °C
Thermal conductivity 109 W/(mK)
Electrical conductivity at 20°C 17x10^6 Ω-1m-1
Density 7200 kg/m3
2.4 Delivery status
The material RHEINZINK® is delivered in thicknesses from 0.5
– 1.5 mm. The maximum width of strips and sheets is 1.000
mm. The standard sheets are delivered in 1x2 m and 1x3 m,
coils are delivered with a maximum weight of 1 t. Finished
products are delivered to customer specifications.
Application rules
EN 988, Zinc and zinc alloys - Specification for rolled flat
products for building
EN 506, Roofing products from metal sheet- specification for
self-supporting products of copper and zinc sheet
EN 612, Eaves gutters with bead stiffened fronts and rainwater
pipes with seamed joints made of metal sheet
2.5 Base materials/Ancillary materials
-Components of RHEINZINK-alloy
•Special-High-Grade zinc 99.995% (Z1 according to DIN
EN 1179)
•Copper: 0.1 - 0.18% (blugrey)
•Copper: 0.9 - 1.0% (graphite grey)
•Titanium: 0.07 - 0.12%
•Aluminium: ≤ 0.015%
-Auxiliary substances
RHEINZINK® is an alloy of zinc with small amounts of copper
and titanium. No compound of the alloy >0.1% is listed in the
'Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for
Authorisation' (SVHC) dated 01/2018. The product does not
contain any substances with carcinogenic, mutagenic,
reprotoxic (CMR) properties > 0.1%. RHEINZINK products do
not contain biocide properties as defined by the (EU) Ordinance
on Biocide Products No. 528/2012). Lubricant emulsion (rolling
process): 0.08 kg/t zinc
2.6 Manufacture
Structure of the manufacturing process:
The manufacturing process comprises seven steps:
Pre-alloy:
To improve the quality, and for energy-saving reasons, a pre-
alloy is produced at 760 °C in an induction crucible (melting of
SHG zinc, copper, titanium and aluminium). The pre-alloy
blocks produced contain the titanium and copper portions of the
subsequently rolled alloy.
Melting:
The pre-alloy blocks and SHG zinc are melted together in large
melting furnaces (induction furnaces) at 500 – 550 °C and
mixed by induction currents.
Casting:
The final alloy is cooled down below melting point by a closed
Environmental Product Declaration - RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG - RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-grey2
water circuit in the casting machine, resulting in a solid cast
string.
Rolling:
There is a cooling distance between the casting machine and
the roller racks. The rolling is done by 5 roller pairs, so-called
roller racks. With adequate pressures the material thickness is
reduced by up to 50% at each of these roller racks.
Simultaneously, the material is cooled and greased
using a special emulsion.
Coiling:
Subsequently, the finished rolled RHEINZINK® is wound up
into coils of 20 tonnes. They are still at a temperature of 100-
150 °C and are stored for further cooling.
Preweathering:
The surface appearance is achieved by a pickling process. The
material is degreased, rinsed, then pickled in an acidic pickling
bath, rinsed again, and then provided with a thin antifingerprint
coating (1-2 µm thickness). The process is identical for
bluegrey and graphite grey, the difference in colour results from
the different copper concentration.
Stretching and cutting:
The tensions developed inside the RHEINZINK® bands during
rolling are 'stretched-out' by a stretching-bending-straightening
process.
The trimming scrap produced during the manufacturing of the
material is 100% remelted at RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG and
processed into new products.
Quality control:
Control by the manufacturer. Quality management according to
ISO 9001.
2.7 Environment and health during manufacturing
Environmental management according to ISO 14001. Energy
management according to ISO 50001. These management
systems ascertain that the legal requirements concerning
worker health and environmental protection are fulfilled. Best
Available Technology is used throughout the plant.
2.8 Product processing/Installation
Basic principles:
During transportation and storage, RHEINZINK® must be kept
dry and ventilated to avoid the formation of zinc hydroxide. For
the same reason, when laying RHEINZINK® on wet surfaces or
in the rain it should be ensured that the base material does not
have hygroscopic properties.
The thermic stretching of the material has to be taken into
consideration when handling/installing the product. Due to the
typical brittleness of zinc under cold conditions, the temperature
of the product during installation should be 10 °C. In other
cases, adequate mechanical equipment should be used, e.g.
hot air blasts.
2.9 Packaging
The packaging materials in use, paper/cardboard, polyethylene
(PE foils), polypropylene (PP foils) and steel, are recyclable
(non-reusable wooden pallets, reusable wooden and metal
pallets). If gathered separately, return in Germany is organized
by INTERSEROH which collects the packaging material at
given sites with exchangeable containers upon request and
complies with legal regulations. The reusable wooden and steel
pallets are taken back and reimbursed by RHEINZINK GmbH &
Co. KG and the wholesale trade (refund system).
2.10 Condition of use
RHEINZINK® is UV-resistant and does not rot. It is resistant to
a rust film, non-flammable and resistant to radiating heat and
against most of the chemical substances used in building
construction. Effects on the durability of RHEINZINK® products
with regard to snow, rain and hail are not known. The effects of
snow and rain may be neglected.
This material has a repellent effect to electro-smog
(electromagnetic radiation in excess of 98%).
RHEINZINK® develops a superficial protective coating, the so-
called patina, which darkens only slightly over the years and
which is responsible for the high resistance of zinc against
corrosion. In the chemical process that forms this patina, zinc
oxide develops in contact with the oxygen in the air. Next, due
to the influence of water (precipitation), zinc hydroxide
develops, which will be transformed into a tight, strongly
adhering and non-water-soluble coating of basic zinc carbonate
(patina) in reaction with the carbon dioxide in the air. Therefore
RHEINZINK® does not require any maintenance and cleaning
during the period of use.
2.11 Environment and health during use
Environmental aspects:
The transfer of zinc ions via rainwater is constantly reduced due
to the development of the natural protecting coat of zinc
carbonate (Patina). The further transfer of zinc ions depends
mainly on air contamination with 'acid' pollutants, particularly
with SO2. As a result of the reduction of SO2 concentration in
the air to 20% of the former values during the last 30 years, the
zinc concentration of precipitation has subsequently been
reduced by the same amount in the rainwater. The runoff rate is
2,0 - 3,0 g/m²/year. The total zinc concentration has been lower
than the prescriptive limits for drinking water. In aquatic
systems only a small part of the total zinc concentration is
available for an organism - this amount is called bioavailable. It
is related to the physical-chemical conditions of the receiving
water body. The bioavailability is for example influenced by the
amount of zinc which is organically or inorganically bound,
linked to particles or competes with other ions.
Health aspects:
There will be no effects on health if the RHEINZINK® products
are used according to their designated function. Zinc, like iron,
belongs to the essential metals. Zinc is not accumulated in the
body. The recommended daily intake of zinc according to the
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE - German Society
for Nutrition) is 15 mg.
Lit.:
R. H. J. Korenromp et al, "Diffusive Emissions of zinc due to
atmospheric corrosion of zinc and coated (galvanised)
materials", TNO-MEP R99/441 (1999)
2.12 Reference service life
Service lifetime according to BBSR (the Federal Office for
Building and Regional Planning): > 50 years, theoretical lifetime
according to available literature > 100 years. The standard ISO
15686 has not been considered.
2.13 Extraordinary effects
Fire
The RHEINZINK® products comply with DIN 4102, Part 1 and
to DIN EN 13501-1 the Requirements of Building Material Class
A1 'non-combustible'.
Fire protection
Environmental Product Declaration - RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG - RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-grey3
Name Value
Building material class EN 13501, DIN 4102 A1
Burning droplets EN 13501 D0
Smoke gas development EN 13501 -
Smoke production/smoke concentration:
When heated above 650 °C vaporization as zinc oxide (ZnO)
occurs.
Toxicity of the fumes:
The ZnO smoke may cause zinc fever (diarrhoea, fever, dry
throat) when inhaled over a longer period of time, this
disappears completely 1 to 2 days after inhalation.
Water
Zinc is not classified as hazardous for the aquatic environment,
WFD -European water framework directive.
Mechanical destruction
None
2.14 Re-use phase
End of life
When renovating or disassembling a building end of life,
RHEINZINK® products can easily be collected. The cuttings
occurring at building sites as well as used zinc from renovation
sites are gathered and may be sent directly or via scrap-
gathering organizations to secondary melting plants - several
exist in Germany. The energy necessary for recycling titanium
zinc sheets is only 5% of the primary energy content of zinc.
The demand for zinc scrap, resulting from zinc recycling's low
energy requirement, is also mirrored by the fact that generally
about 70% of the value of the zinc content is reimbursed.
According to the newest information, the total recycling rate is
up to 96%.
2.15 Disposal
A small amount of zinc is weathered away, and another small
amount might be lost during collection and erroneously
disposed. All in all, this amounts to less than 4%. The European
Waste Code according to Commission decision 2000/532/EC2
for zinc is 17 04 04.
2.16 Further information
Additional information: www.rheinzink.de
3. LCA: Calculation rules
3.1 Declared Unit
Declared unit
The declared unit is 1kg RHEINZINK®-prePATINA.
Name Value Unit
Declared unit 1 kg
Gross density 7200 kg/m3
3.2 System boundary
Type of the EPD: cradle to gate - with options. In this study, the
product stage information modules A1, A2, and A3 are
considered. These modules include the production of raw
material extraction and processing (A1), processing of
secondary material input (A1), transport of the raw materials to
the manufacturer (A2), manufacturing of the product (A3) and
packaging materials (A3). Modul A5 covers the waste treatment
of packaging materials (incineration of paper, plastic and
wood). The special high-grade zinc allows an input of
secondary material of 1.5% zinc scrap. The post-consumer
scrap is used to saturate this input and is discounted from the
material flow of module D. The transport to module C4 is
considered under module C2. There is no activity declared for
C1.
Module C4 considers the non-recovered scrap due to losses
and sorting efficiency as described in 2.15. There is no activity
in C3.
The EoL of the product (Module D) is also included. The
treatment (remelting process of zinc scrap) and credits for
avoided primary production are grouped into module D.
3.3 Estimates and assumptions
No assumptions and estimations were necessary for the LCA.
3.4 Cut-off criteria
All inputs and outputs to a (unit) process are included in the
calculation, for which data were
available. The applied cut–off criteria is 1% of renewable and
non-renewable primary energy usage and 1% of the total mass
input of that unit process in case of insufficient input data or
data gaps for a unit process. The total of neglected input flows
per module, e.g. per module A, B, C or D is a maximum of 5%
of energy usage and mass.
3.5 Background data
The background data has been taken from the latest available
Sphera LCA FE (GaBi) database CUP 2023.1. Special High-
Grade Zinc of the International Zinc Association (IZA) has been
used.
3.6 Data quality
The process data and the used background data are
consistent.
Regarding foreground data, this study is based on high-quality
primary data, collected by RHEINZINK. Data were delivered in
form of Excel tables and were checked for plausibility.
Therefore, the data quality can be described as good.
3.7 Period under review
Modelling is based on production data from 2022.
Background data refer from 2019 to 2024.
3.8 Geographic Representativeness
Land or region, in which the declared product system is
manufactured, used or handled at the end of the product´s
lifespan: Germany
3.9 Allocation
In this study, allocation was avoided wherever possible.
However, the following allocations had to be done:
•Credits from recycling from the end of life of the product
(Module D)
3.10 Comparability
Basically, a comparison or an evaluation of EPD data is only
possible if all the data sets to be compared were created
according to EN 15804 and the building context, respectively
the product-specific characteristics of performance, are taken
into account. The background data has been taken from the
latest available Sphera LCA FE (GaBi) database CUP 2023.1.
Special High-Grade Zinc of the International Zinc Association
(IZA) has been used.
Environmental Product Declaration - RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG - RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-grey4
4. LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information
Characteristic product properties of biogenic carbon
The total mass of biogenic carbon-containing materials, in this
case, cardboard and wooden pallets, is less than 5% of the
total mass of the product and accompanying packaging.
Information on describing the biogenic carbon content at
factory gate
Name Value Unit
Biogenic carbon content in product -kg
C
Biogenic carbon content in accompanying
packaging 0.02 kg
C
Note: 1 kg of biogenic carbon is equivalent to 44/12 kg of CO2.
Scenario Modul A5
Cardboard: 0,006 kg/kg product sent to incineration
Wooden pallets: 0,03 kg/kg product sent to incineration
(exported Energy credited in Modul D)
Plastic film: 0,001kg/kg product sent to incineration (exported
Energy credited in Modul D)
Steel wrapping band Mass 3,41E-5 kg sent to recycling
(material recycling credited in Modul D)
Modul C1:
No activity reported
Modul C2:
500 km transport by 40 to truck, EURO 6, 61% average
utilization (C2)
Modul C3:
The material reaches the end of waste state after transport to
the re-melters so there is no activity.
Modul C4:
500 km transport by 40 to truck, EURO 6, 61% average
utilization (C2)
Modul A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, reference service life, B6, B7
and C1 are not considered and declared in this study.
The credits given in Module D result from the 100% recyclability
of each zinc-product. After the scrap collection (a collection rate
of 95% was assumed), zinc scrap is sent to a re-melting
process, where the scrap is converted to secondary zinc. The
credit for the zinc gained through re-melting is calculated with
the dataset of the primary production.
End of life (C4)
Name Value Unit
Landfilling 5 %
Reuse, recovery and/or recycling potentials (D), relevant
scenario information
Name Value Unit
Recycling 95 %
Environmental Product Declaration - RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG - RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-grey5
5. LCA: Results
DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM BOUNDARY (X = INCLUDED IN LCA; MND = MODULE OR INDICATOR NOT DECLARED; MNR
= MODULE NOT RELEVANT)
Product stage Construction
process stage Use stage End of life stage
Benefits and
loads beyond
the system
boundaries
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
X X X MND X MND MND MNR MNR MNR MND MND X X X X X
RESULTS OF THE LCA - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT according to EN 15804+A2: 1 kg RHEINZINK®-prePATINA
Parameter Unit A1-A3 A5 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
GWP = Global warming potential; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential of land and water; EP =
Eutrophication potential; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone photochemical oxidants; ADPE = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil
resources; ADPF = Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources; WDP = Water (user) deprivation potential)
RESULTS OF THE LCA - INDICATORS TO DESCRIBE RESOURCE USE according to EN 15804+A2: 1 kg RHEINZINK®-
prePATINA
Parameter Unit A1-A3 A5 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary
energy resources used as raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy
excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw
materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy resources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels;
NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water
RESULTS OF THE LCA – WASTE CATEGORIES AND OUTPUT FLOWS according to EN 15804+A2:
1 kg RHEINZINK®-prePATINA
Parameter Unit A1-A3 A5 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
Environmental Product Declaration - RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG - RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-greyRaw materialsupplyTransportManufacturingTransport from thegate to the siteAssemblyUseMaintenanceRepairReplacementRefurbishmentOperational energyuseOperational wateruseDe-constructiondemolitionTransportWaste processingDisposalReuse-Recovery-Recycling-potentialGWP-total kg CO2 eq 3.13E+00 5.69E-02 0 7.44E-03 0 2.39E-03 -2.13E+00
GWP-fossil kg CO2 eq 3.17E+00 3.83E-03 0 7.42E-03 0 2.42E-03 -2.12E+00
GWP-biogenic kg CO2 eq -4.75E-02 5.31E-02 0 -2.7E-05 0 -2.77E-05 -3.9E-03
GWP-luluc kg CO2 eq 2.9E-03 3.2E-07 0 4.41E-05 0 2.38E-06 -2.26E-03
ODP kg CFC11 eq 4.86E-13 1.08E-14 0 1.82E-15 0 3.86E-15 1.5E-12
AP mol H+ eq 1.55E-02 1.26E-05 0 8.69E-06 0 7.5E-06 -1.19E-02
EP-freshwater kg P eq 7.17E-06 3.01E-09 0 1.74E-08 0 2.12E-09 -4.69E-06
EP-marine kg N eq 4.09E-03 3.43E-06 0 3.08E-06 0 1.88E-06 -2.97E-03
EP-terrestrial mol N eq 4.36E-02 5.54E-05 0 3.69E-05 0 2.07E-05 -3.15E-02
POCP kg NMVOC
eq 1.08E-02 9.04E-06 0 7.61E-06 0 5.9E-06 -7.77E-03
ADPE kg Sb eq 1.54E-03 8.15E-11 0 5.32E-10 0 6.4E-11 -1.38E-03
ADPF MJ 4.27E+01 1.6E-02 0 1E-01 0 3.49E-02 -2.81E+01
WDP m3 world eqdeprived 9.88E-01 6.38E-03 0 3.87E-05 0 -3.18E-05 -8.59E-01
PERE MJ 1.8E+01 6.37E-01 0 6.73E-03 0 3.14E-03 -1.46E+01
PERM MJ 6.32E-01 -6.32E-01 0 0 0 0 0
PERT MJ 1.86E+01 5.29E-03 0 6.73E-03 0 3.14E-03 -1.46E+01
PENRE MJ 4.29E+01 6.54E-02 0 1.01E-01 0 3.5E-02 -2.84E+01
PENRM MJ 4.94E-02 -4.94E-02 0 0 0 0 0
PENRT MJ 4.3E+01 1.6E-02 0 1.01E-01 0 3.5E-02 -2.84E+01
SM kg 1.11E-04 0 0 0 0 0 9E-01
RSF MJ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
NRSF MJ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
FW m3 4.4E-02 1.5E-04 0 5.99E-06 0 3.94E-07 -3.74E-02
HWD kg 6.08E-04 7.69E-14 0 1.69E-13 0 2.89E-12 -1.46E+01
NHWD kg 1.66E+00 9.57E-04 0 1.5E-05 0 5.01E-02 0
RWD kg 5.18E-03 5.46E-07 0 1.32E-07 0 4.06E-07 -1.46E+01
CRU kg 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.83E+01
MFR kg 0 1.53E-04 0 0 9.5E-01 0 0
MER kg 2.6E-02 3.62E-02 0 0 0 0 -2.83E+01
EEE MJ 5.42E-02 7.76E-02 0 0 0 0 9E-01
EET MJ 1.01E-01 1.46E-01 0 0 0 0 0
6
HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed; CRU = Components for re-use;
MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EEE = Exported electrical energy; EET = Exported thermal energy
RESULTS OF THE LCA – additional impact categories according to EN 15804+A2-optional:
1 kg RHEINZINK®-prePATINA
Parameter Unit A1-A3 A5 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
PM = Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions; IR = Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235; ETP-fw = Potential comparative
Toxic Unit for ecosystems; HTP-c = Potential comparative Toxic Unit for humans (cancerogenic); HTP-nc = Potential comparative Toxic Unit for humans
(not cancerogenic); SQP = Potential soil quality index
Disclaimer 1 – for the indicator “Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235”. This impact category deals mainly with the
eventual impact of low-dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible
nuclear accidents, occupational exposure or radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the
soil, radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
Disclaimer 2 – for the indicators “abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources”, “abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources”,
“water (user) deprivation potential, deprivation-weighted water consumption”, “potential comparative toxic unit for ecosystems”,
“potential comparative toxic unit for humans – cancerogenic”, “Potential comparative toxic unit for humans - not cancerogenic”,
“potential soil quality index”. The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these
results are high as there is limited experience with the indicator.
6. LCA: Interpretation
The figures below show the relative contributions of the
production stages (Module A1-A3), transport to waste treatment
(Module C2), waste treatment (Module C4) and the benefits
and loads beyond the product system boundary (Module D).
The production of the high-grade zinc is the dominating
contributor (87%-100%) to the indicators of the impact
assessment as main raw material, followed by the generation of
electricity. In the case of the ODP, module D is positive due to
re-melting process where the emission of dichloro-1-
fluoroethane (R 141b) increases the impact, precursors of
Polyvinylidene fluorine (PVDF) used in the production of PV
modules.
The high credits given in module D are the results of the 100%
recyclability of the zinc products. At the EoL of the zinc products
a collection rate of 95% was assumed. The 5% remaining is
forwarded to the waste treatment (module C4). Overall, C2 and
C4 have a minimized contribution. Compared to RHEINZINK®-
CLASSIC bright-rolled, some of the differences in the results
can be associated with the pickling process needed to produce
the RHEINZINK®-prePATINA, including the treatment of the
zinc sludge.
Environmental Product Declaration - RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG - RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-grey
PM Disease
incidence 2.17E-07 8.35E-11 0 6.09E-11 0 8.09E-11 -1.56E-07
IR kBq U235 eq 4.88E-01 5.77E-05 0 1.42E-05 0 6.01E-05 -3.93E-01
ETP-fw CTUe 1.54E+01 6.47E-03 0 7.25E-02 0 9.93E-03 -9.91E+00
HTP-c CTUh 1.78E-05 5.68E-13 0 1.46E-12 0 1.23E-12 1.27E-08
HTP-nc CTUh 1.15E-07 3.2E-11 0 7.41E-11 0 1.23E-10 1.54E-06
SQP SQP 3.35E+01 5.64E-03 0 3.57E-02 0 3.26E-03 -1.69E+01
7
7. Requisite evidence
Runoff rates
In a report of TNO-MEP-R99/441, a literature study was
undertaken to determine the runoff rates of zinc in Europe.
The following conclusions were taken in this report:
Corrosion rates refer to the loss of metallic zinc, initially
accumulating as ionic zinc in the
patina layer. Run-off rates refer to the 'wash-off' of ionic zinc
from the patina layer, the difference being the amount of zinc
remaining in the patina layer. Run-off rates will in general be
lower than corrosion rates or at maximum equal to the
corrosion rates.
Available data for corrosion and run-off rate result from
exposure of standard test panels
mounted on standard test racks. Only little data are available
from testing (on) real objects under the variety of typical
microclimate conditions to which they are exposed. Recent
experimental data with very large test racks (simulating zinc
roofs) suggest that small test racks may overestimate the run-
off rate.
The decrease in the corrosion rates runs parallel to the
decrease in the ambient concentrations of SO2, which is
generally accepted as the dominant air pollution factor
determining the corrosion of zinc.
Corrosion rates decrease with time due to the increasing
protection of the patina layer. Therefore, long-term (20 years)
average corrosion rates will be substantially lower (60% of
initial value) than those during the first years of fresh not
patinated materials. After a period of about 10 years, the run-off
rate will be approximately 2/3 of the corrosion rate.
Run-off rates can be calculated to be 3 g/m²/a in areas with
higher SO2 concentrations and 2 g/m²/a in areas with lower
concentrations.
8. References
EN 612:2005
EN 612:2005, Eaves gutters with bead stiffened fronts and
rainwater pipes with seamed joints made of metal sheet
EN 988:1996
EN 988:1996, Zinc and zinc alloys
EN 1179:2003
EN 1179:2003, Zinc and zinc alloys- Primary zinc
DIN 4102:1998
DIN 4102:1998, Fire behaviour of building materials and
building components
ISO 9001:2015
ISO 9001:2015, Quality management systems – Requirements
EN 10002:2001
EN 10002:2001, Metallic materials - Tensile testing
DIN EN 13501:2019
DIN EN 13501:2019, Fire classification of construction products
and building elements
ISO 14001:2015
ISO 14001:2015, Environmental management systems -
Requirements with guidance for use
DIN EN ISO 14040:2021
DIN EN ISO 14040:2021, Environmental management - Life
cycle assessment
DIN ISO 14044:2018
DIN ISO 14044:2018, Environmental management - Life cycle
assessment – Requirements and guidelines
EN 14782:2006
EN 14782:2006, Self-supporting metal sheet for roofing,
external cladding and internal lining
EN 14783:2013
EN 14783:2013, Fully supported metal sheet and strip for
roofing, external cladding and internal lining. The products are
CE-marked based on these standards
ISO 15686:2011
ISO 15686:2011, Buildings and constructed assets - Service life
planning
ISO 50001:2018
ISO 50001:2018, Energy Management System - Requirements
with guidance for use
Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung
(BBSR): 'Nutzungsdauer von Bauteilen für
Lebenszyklusanalysen nach BNB' (BNB: Bewertungssystem
Nachhaltiges Bauen) (2011)
(EU) 305/2011
REGULATION (EU) No 305/2011 OF THE EUROPEAN
PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 9 March 2011, laying down harmonised conditions for the
marketing of construction products and repealing Council
Directive 89/106/EEC
(EU) 528/2012
REGULATION (EU) No 528/2012 OF THE EUROPEAN
PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 22 May 2012, concerning the making available on the market
and use of biocidal products
European waste catalogue
Commission decision 2000/532/EC2
Sphera LCA FE
Sphera LCA FE Software and Databases for Life Cycle
Engineering. Sphera Solutions GmbH, Hauptstraße 111-113,
70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany / Deutschland
Hullmann, Heinz (Ed.):
Natürlich oxidierende Metalloberflächen; Umweltauswirkungen
beim Einsatz von Kupfer und Zink in Gebäudehüllen (Naturally
oxidising metal surfaces; environmental effects when using
copper and zinc for buildings) ; 2003, Stuttgart, Fraunhofer ISB-
Verlag, ISBN: 3-8167-6218-2.
Environmental Product Declaration - RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG - RHEINZINK-prePATINA® blue-grey and graphite-grey8
IZA 2012
Special high grade zinc dataset, Developed by thinkstep AG,
Owned by International Zinc Association, 2012, http://gabi-
documentation-2018.gabi-software.com/xml-
data/processes/83e3e42c-0cc9-459b-960b-5fbda1280237.xml
PCR 2022, Part A
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., Berlin: Product Category Rules
for Building-Related Products and Services from the range of
Environmental Product Declarations of Institut Bauen und
Umwelt (IBU), Part A: Calculation Rules for the Life Cycle
Assessment and Requirements on the Project Report. August
2022
www.ibu-epd.de
PCR 2023, Part B
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., Berlin: Product Category Rules
for Construction Products from the range of Environmental
Product Declarations of Institut Bauen und Umwelt (IBU), Part
B: Requirements on the EPD for Building metals. July 2023
www.ibu-epd.de
TNO-MEP-R99/441
TNO-MEP-R99/441, Diffusive emissions of zinc due to
atmospheric corrosion of zinc and zinc coated (galvanized)
materials, 11-1999
Directive 2000/60/EG (Water Framework Directive, WFD)
DIRECTIVE 2000/60/EG OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 23 October 2000, establishing a framework for Community
action in the field of water policy
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Publisher
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.
Hegelplatz 1
10117 Berlin
Germany
+49 (0)30 3087748- 0
info@ibu-epd.com
www.ibu-epd.com
Programme holder
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.
Hegelplatz 1
10117 Berlin
Germany
+49 (0)30 3087748- 0
info@ibu-epd.com
www.ibu-epd.com
Author of the Life Cycle Assessment
Sphera Solutions GmbH
Hauptstraße 111- 113
70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen
Germany
+49 (0)711 341817-0
info@sphera.com
www.sphera.com
Owner of the Declaration
RHEINZINK GmbH & Co. KG
Bahnhofstraße 90
45711 Datteln
Germany
+49 2363 605-0
info@rheinzink.de
www.rheinzink.de
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