HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-15-25 Public Comment - H. Harris - Comments on Water Adequacy section of the Bozeman Unified Development CodeFrom:Harley Harris
To:Bozeman Public Comment
Cc:Lila Rickenbaugh; Patrick Byorth; Sharon Brodie; Megan Casey; Katherine Berry; Brian Heaston
Subject:[EXTERNAL]Comments on Water Adequacy section of the Bozeman Unified Development Code
Date:Tuesday, April 15, 2025 9:40:54 AM
Attachments:UDC_letter_wateradequacy_04142025_LR.docxUDC_GWT_redline_wateradequacy_04142025_LR.docx
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Please find attached the comments of the Gallatin Water Trust on the above, submitted in connectionwith the City’s ongoing review of the Unified Development Code.
Thank you,
Harley Harris for the Gallatin Water Trust
April 15, 2025
City Commission
City of Bozeman
121 N. Rouse Ave.
Bozeman, MT 59715
Sent to: comments@bozeman.net
Re: Comments on Unified Development Code Revisions
Dear Commissioners:
The Gallatin Water Trust (GWT) appreciates this opportunity to provide comments on
some of the proposed updates to the City of Bozeman Unified Development Code. (“UDC”). The
GWT is committed to advancing a functional and effective water rights market in the Gallatin
Valley to support responsible community growth while honoring the Valley’s agricultural
heritage and protecting its ecological resources. We recognize that the UDC updates will play a
critical role in shaping the future of Bozeman and the broader Valley. Our comments included
here focus specifically on the Water Adequacy section of the Code (Sec. 38.410.110). GWT is
also collaborating with other stakeholders to provide coordinated comments on other sections
of the UDC pertaining to Agricultural Water User Facilities (Sec. 38.310.010 and related
sections), which will be submitted separately.
The State of Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation identifies
water banking and marketing for mitigation in both its 2023 Montana Drought Management
Plan and its 2014 Upper Missouri Basin Water Plan.1,2 Additionally, the concept of a water bank
providing water mitigation services in the Gallatin Valley has been in discussion for over a
decade. While the current UDC does not preclude the City and users of the UDC from working
with a water bank, there are amendments we suggest that will create clearer recognition of and
a structure for the City’s collaboration with GWT and other entities participating in water right
1 Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation (DNRC). (2023). Montana drought management
plan. https://drought.mt.gov/_docs/Montana-Drought-Management-Plan.pdf
2 Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation (DNRC). (2014). Upper Missouri River Basin
planning report: Water use and availability.
https://dnrc.mt.gov/_docs/water/Hydro_science_data/upper_missouri_basin_report_final.pdf
banking and water use mitigation. Two of GWT’s primary functions, which we discuss below, are
the basis of our comments in the Water Adequacy section.
First GWT will identify and/or acquire sources of available mitigation water rights from
willing sellers in the Valley. We suggest better defined language in place of the word “useful” in
the context of identifying which water rights are suitable for transfer to the City. Clarity in this
regard will enable GWT and users of the UDC to better understand the City’s requirements for
mitigation water rights. Second, GWT will work to secure the necessary authorizations to
convert water rights to mitigation purposes; and once completed, provide the City and
developers an opportunity to acquire pre-approved mitigation credits to assure water
availability for development. We’ve suggested language to support these mitigation credits in
the City’s administrative procedures. These adjustments to the UDC will provide another option
for developers and could assist the City in meeting its water supply responsibilities.
GWT intends that its efforts effectively support the City’s goals. We believe that
incorporating our proposed amendments will strengthen the City’s ability to manage water
resources flexibly and effectively. Providing clearer guidelines and an additional option for
mitigation for developers will allow the City to pursue sustainable growth while protecting the
Valley’s water resources. We appreciate your consideration and look forward to working
together to achieve shared goals for Bozeman’s future.
GWT’s contact persons for these comments and related matters are Harley Harris (email:
harleyrharris@gmail.com; phone (406) 439-8190), and Lila Rickenbaugh
(lilarickenbaugh@gmail.com; phone (406) 570-6098). Please let us know if you have any
questions regarding our comments.
Thank you,
Harley Harris for the Gallatin Water Trust
Encl.
cc: Brian Heaston, bheaston@bozeman.net
Sec. 38.410.110. - Water adequacy.
A. Subject to subsection B and subsection C, prior to final approval by the review authority
of development occurring under this chapter or chapter 10, the applicant must offset the
entire estimated increase in annual municipal water demand attributable to the
development pursuant to subsection D.
B. Compliance with this section is triggered if the estimated increase in annual municipal
water demand attributable to the development exceeds 0.25 acre-feet after accounting for
the following items as they relate to the development:
1. Current average annual municipal metered water demand;
2. Water demand offsets from a prior payment of cash-in-lieu of water rights;
3. Water demand offsets from a prior transfer of water rights into city ownership, and;
4. Water demand offsets from an existing water adequacy agreement or similarly purposed
document.
C. Compliance with this section is deferred for any of the following developments until the
occurrence of future development if the applicant records a notice of restriction on future
development in a form acceptable to the review authority with the Gallatin County Clerk
and Recorder:
1. An annexation that expressly defers this section under an annexation agreement;
2. Individual lots of a subdivision final plat planned for future multiple-household
development;
3. Individual lots of a subdivision final plat planned for future commercial, industrial, or
institutional development, or;
4. Future phases of a phased site development.
D. The city will determine the estimated increase in annual municipal water demand
attributable to the development. The applicant must offset the estimated increase in
annual municipal water demand attributable to the development through one or more of
the following means:
1. Transfer of water rights into city ownership that are appurtenant to the land being
developed, or other water rights that may be available for transfer, that the city determines
to be sufficient to mitigate or offset the estimated annual municipal water demand
attributable to the development useful.
2. Implementation of onsite and/or offsite water efficiency and conservation measures that
reduce the estimated annual municipal water demand attributable to the development by
one or more of the following methods:
a. Installation of high efficiency indoor water using fixtures, appliances, and
products that are more water efficient than city-adopted plumbing codes or state or
federal minimum standards.
b. Installation of unirrigated, or minimally irrigated, drought resistant or drought
tolerant landscaping that is more water conserving than the minimum requirements
outlined in the most recent version of the City of Bozeman Landscape and Irrigation
Performance and Design Standards Manual and Chapter 40.
c. Installation of high efficiency or water conserving irrigation componentry that
exceeds the minimum requirements outlined in the most recent version of the City
of Bozeman Landscape and Irrigation Performance and Design Standards Manual
and Chapter 40.
d. Installation of non-potable water supply systems for landscaping irrigation
purposes.
e. Other water efficiency and conservation methods brought forward as part of the
development by the applicant that the review authority may at its discretion
approve.
3. Payment to the city of cash-in-lieu of water rights for that portion of the estimated annual
municipal water demand attributable to the development that is not offset under 1. or 2.
above.
4. Conveying to the city, in the city’s name and for its benefit, mitigation or water use offset
credits or commitments from a water bank or similar organization for that portion of the
estimated annual municipal water demand attributable to the development that is not
offset under 1. or 2., above.
E. The unit cost for payment of cash-in-lieu of water rights will be established by city
commission resolution. The cash-in-lieu of water rights payment amount provided by the
applicant under subsection D.3 must be calculated using the unit cost effective on the
date the payment is made to the city. The director of public works must deposit all
payments received under this section, upon receipt, in the cash-in-lieu of water rights
fund.
F. The disposition or transfer of any existing water rights associated with the lands upon
which development is proposed that are determined by the city to be useful for city
purposes must be consistent with an annexation agreement or water adequacy agreement,
as applicable.
1. Any other water rights associated with the land that are not transferred to the City, or are
not intended to be put to beneficial use within the development, must either be either
severed from the land or terminated by the water rights owner.
2. A subdivider or other developer must:
a. Reserve all or a portion of the appropriation water rights owned by the owner of
the subject property, transfer the water rights to a single entity for use by
landowners within the subdivision or other development who have a legal right to
the water, and reserve and sever any remaining surface water rights from the land;
b. If the land to be subdivided or otherwise developed is subject to a contract or
interest in a public or private entity formed to provide the use of a water right on the
subdivision lots, establish a landowner's water use agreement that is administered
through a single entity and that specifies administration and the rights and
responsibilities of landowners within the subdivision who have a legal right and
access to the water; or
c. Reserve and sever all surface water rights from the land; d. Prior to severing water
rights from the land the subdivider or other developer must consult with the city on
whether the water rights are suitable to meet the requirements of this section. The
city may require transfer of water rights to mitigate impact of development.
G. The city manager may adopt, and from time to time amend, administrative procedures
to implement this section. The administrative procedures may at a minimum include the
following items:
1. Standards established by the director of public works to determine the estimated
increase in annual municipal water demand attributable to development.
2. Standards established by the director of public works to determine water demand offset
amounts for implementation of water efficiency and conservation measures and water
rights transferred into city ownership.
3. Standards governing acceptance of water rights and mitigation or offset credits
transferred into city ownership.
4. Standards to establish and govern the use of water demand offsets credits for that
portion of demand offsets provided by an applicant that are in excess of the estimated
increase in annual municipal water demand attributable to the development.
5. A process that provides for administrative appeals of determinations made by the review
authority under this section.
6. Specific criteria that if met may authorize the review authority to waive this section.
7. Standards governing acceptance of water right transfers and mitigation or offset credits
and establishing water demand offset credits may enable a deferral of payment of cash-in-
lieu of water rights provided that the applicant records with the Gallatin County Clerk and
Recorder an executed water adequacy agreement and related documents as approved by
the city attorney securing the amount due.