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RED LIGHT, GREEN LIGHT: ARE THESE ISSUES WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THE VOTER REVIEW?
1
The following list contains some of the most common issues communities have sought to address through the Local Government Review process
that may be influencing community participation in this cycle. Several of the issues are within the legitimate scope of the Review process, the
majority are not. This list addresses each issue, explaining why it is or is not within the scope of the Review.
ISSUE STOP
OR GO EXPLANATION
Changing the number of
commissioners or council
members
GREEN
LIGHT:
GO
This issue CAN be addressed through the Voter Review. Considering if a local government
adequately represents the diversity of its constituency is part of the process of evaluating the
form and plan of government the study commission is tasked with. Modifying the plan of
government to change the number of commissioners or council members is an issue that can be
addressed through the Voter Review process (7-3-223, MCA).
Recalling or replacing elected
officials
RED
LIGHT:
STOP
This issue CANNOT be addressed through the Voter Review. None of the changes that can be
made to the form and plan of government through the review involve creating or implementing
a mechanism for disciplinary action or the removal of elected officials. The legal options for recall
or replacement are through the ballot or through a recall vote, the process for which is
determined in Title 13, Chapter 1, Part 1 of the Montana Code Annotated.
Changing or reducing taxes
RED
LIGHT:
STOP
This issue CANNOT be addressed through the Voter Review. Local governments’ tax revenue
authority and restrictions are established independent of the Voter Review process. Local
governments are already restricted in growth to one half the rate of inflation over the last three
years by 15-10-420 MCA and they can cap their own taxes via policy. Title 15, Ch 10 Part 4 & Title
7, Ch 6, Part 40 address taxation at the local government level.
Making changes to the areas
commissioners or council
members represent, for example
electing council members at-
large vs. by ward or district
GREEN
LIGHT:
GO
This issue CAN be addressed through the Voter Review. The Voter Review involves evaluating the
form and plan of government and recommending specific changes if considered necessary.
Choosing whether commission or council members are elected at large vs. by districts or wards is
one option that can be altered in the plan of government and so can legally be addressed
through the process.
2
Adding, changing, or removing
services. For example, can a city
add recycling services?
RED
LIGHT:
STOP
This issue CANNOT be addressed through the Voter Review. During the review, the study
commission can consider if a change to the current form or plan of government would facilitate
the responsiveness or efficiency of the unit of local government and thus allow it to implement
certain services or enhance its service delivery. For example, adopting the Commission-Manager
form can enhance efficiency and so could make improvements in service delivery. But the review
itself cannot be used to implement, change, or remove any policies or services.
Annexation, growth plans, and
zoning policies
RED
LIGHT:
STOP
This issue CANNOT be addressed through the Voter Review. Annexation, growth plans, and
zoning are policy decisions made by the legislative body. A commission or council can make
annexation policy decisions by ordinance. The only aspect that could be addressed through the
review would be voting to implement or change a charter to assign annexation responsibilities to
the executive rather than the legislative branch. In addition, as mentioned above, the review
itself cannot be used to implement, change, or remove any policies or services.
Transitioning from a mayor to a
professional manager or vice
versa
GREEN
LIGHT:
GO
This issue CAN be addressed through the Voter Review. The decision whether to adopt an
alternative form of government is one of the main decisions the review process helps facilitate.
The transition from a mayor to a professional manager or vice versa could be accomplished if the
study commission finds enough information to support recommending a change from the
Commission-Executive form to the Commission-Manager form or the reverse.
County or county-municipality
consolidation or mergers
GREEN
LIGHT:
GO
This issue CAN be addressed through the Voter Review. Consolidation or merger is one of the
main recommendations available to the study commission to make if they think such a
recommendation would be beneficial to the community based on the information and research
they gather during the review.
Local option tax--sales or resort
tax
RED
LIGHT:
STOP
This issue CANNOT be addressed through the Voter Review. Sales and resort taxes are both
governed by different parts of the Montana Code Annotated. For example, resort tax law is
contained in Title 7, Chapter 6, Part 15. Resort taxes are only available to communities that meet
specific criteria. To be designated a “resort community,” that community must be incorporated,
have a population of less than 5,500, and derive more than 50% of its economic well-being from
business catering to the recreational needs of people traveling to or through the municipality.
3
Elections
RED
LIGHT:
STOP
This issue CANNOT be addressed through the Voter Review. Election law is governed by a
different part of the Montana Code Annotated. While the review can be used to change things
like whether elections are partisan or non-partisan or at large vs by ward or district, for example,
election law is governed by Title 13 of the MCA and cannot be influenced or changed in the
Voter Review process.