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Technical proposal_Kisik Aerial Survey Inc
DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman Address: 121 N Rouse Ave. Bozeman, MT 59715 Contact: Gail Jorgenson Email: gjorgenson@bozeman.net Proponent: Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Address: 4340 King Street – Unit 3, Delta, BC, V4K0A5 Contact: Dr. Ebrahim Taherzadeh Email: ebrahim.taherzadeh@Kîsik.ca Phone: (778) 875-9070 Financial Bid Kisik Aerial Survey is pleased to submit our financial bid for LiDAR and Orthophotography Acquisition – City of Bozeman. Our proposal offers competitive pricing, demonstrating our commitment to delivering high-quality results within budget. TOTAL FIRM PRICE $ 51,790.00 2 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. This page is intentially left blank DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 3 of 86 Part 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. is a BC registered company that provides reliable airborne data acquisition and processing of the highest quality for geospatial users throughout Western Canada and the Pacific Northwest. We are extremely proud of our proven track record. Since 2010, Kîsik has consistently delivered aerial acquisition services directly to governmental, environmental, mapping, engineering, resource, utility, and geospatial users. In 2020 Kîsik invested in LiDAR technology and has systematically hired experienced experts to be able to supply all final deliverables. Based out of Boundary Bay Airport (CZBB), Kîsik operates five (5) twin-engine commercial survey aircraft. The entire acquisition pipeline is carried out in-house by Kîsik providing the unique ability to ensure we are collecting data during the short acquisition weather windows typical in Western Canada. We have direct control over our aviation assets and aircraft maintenance organization which is critical to ensuring minimum downtime and maximizing collection windows. Kîsik plans on collecting both LiDAR Data and large-format Imagery Data on the same day for the best possible results. Kîsik has heavily invested in the latest and best technology available on the market today. From our LiDAR systems (Riegl VQ-1560 II-S) to our Photo sensor (Vexcel UltraCam Eagle Mark 3 and PhaseOne camera). We believe that having the best possible data starts with the best possible technology. Kîsik has also invested heavily in our LiDAR production team by hiring experienced experts. Dr. Ebrahim Taherzadeh, who is a seasoned LiDAR Scientist and project manager familiar with all aspects of the production and quality control of each project deliverable. We have developed our team and built an efficient flow of information from acquisition to delivery on any size project. We employ a top-tier team of managers and experts in their field to ensure the LiDAR and imagery products meet and exceed all the requirements as outlined in RFP. Our people are our single greatest strength - delivering safe, professional, and reliable service with integrity and a commitment to unbeatable quality and efficiency. Guided by our shared values, the Kîsik team is comprised of various professional backgrounds in aviation, geomatics, cartography, geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, information technology and safety management. Kîsik has an excellent reputation in the industry for delivering on-time, precise data products at a very reasonable cost point due to our organizational efficiencies. We always manage expectations, and never break our promises. 4 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. This page is intentially left blank DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 5 of 86 Part 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 Part 2: Firm/Individual Profile 7 Part 3: Description of Proposed Solution 8 3.1 Project Understanding .................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Project requirements ....................................................................................................... 8 3.3 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 11 3.3.1 Acquisition Phase ............................................................................................... 12 3.3.2 General Acquisition ............................................................................................ 12 3.3.3 LiDAR and digital imagery data Acquisition ....................................................... 14 3.3.4 Ground Survey Acquisition ................................................................................. 20 3.3.5 Risk Management ............................................................................................... 22 3.4 Positioning & Alignment Phase ..................................................................................... 26 3.4.1 LiDAR Calibration ............................................................................................... 26 3.4.2 Quality Control for LiDAR Calibration ................................................................. 27 3.4.3 Risk Management ............................................................................................... 33 3.5 Production Phase .......................................................................................................... 34 3.5.1 Lidar Production ................................................................................................. 34 3.5.2 Imagery Production ............................................................................................ 39 3.5.3 Additional Derivative Products ............................................................................ 43 Part 4: Scope of project 48 4.1 Delivery Phase .............................................................................................................. 48 4.2 Quality Control Deliverables ......................................................................................... 50 4.3 Risk Management ......................................................................................................... 51 Part 5: Related Experience with Projects Similar to the Scope of Services 52 Part 6: Statement of qualification 63 6.1 General ......................................................................................................................... 63 6.2 Workplan and Schedule ................................................................................................ 64 6.2.1 Schedule Reporting ............................................................................................ 66 Part 7: Reference 67 Part 8: Present and Projected Workloads 68 Part 9: Key Personnel 70 9.1 Project Manager ............................................................................................................ 71 9.2 Department Managers .................................................................................................. 72 9.3 Risk Management ......................................................................................................... 74 6 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Part 10: Additional Information 75 Part 11: Affirmation of Nondiscrimination & Equal Pay 76 Part 12: APPENDIX 77 This page is intentially left blank DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 7 of 86 Part 2: Firm/Individual Profile Full legal name of Respondent: Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc Street Address: Unit 3- 4340 King street City, province/State: Delta, British Columbia, Canada Postal code: V4k 0A5 Phone Number: 604-821-9915 Company website: www.Kîsik.ca Respondent contact email: ebrahim.taherzadeh@Kîsik.ca 8 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Part 3: Description of Proposed Solution 3.1 Project Understanding The proposed survey area for airborne LiDAR and digital imagery acquisition is 78.7 square miles, in the city of Bozeman. The project area as provided by the client as shown in Figure 1. 3.2 Project requirements The requirements for the acquisition of airborne LiDAR and digital imagery data for the area of Interest are summarized below. a) Imagery data collection condition Collection should not take place during rain, snowfall, smoke or fog. No haze or clouds should be present between the aircraft and the ground. Photography will be undertaken while the leaves are off the deciduous trees Figure 1 - Project Areas DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 9 of 86 Surface should be free from extensive flooding or inundation, snow cover and ice buildup on shoreline or land areas. Dry land surface condition is required. Frost is acceptable. The minimum visibility at the time of exposure must be 10 miles or greater. The majority of the project area will be collected when the sun angle is not less than 40°. In areas with tall trees or areas with significant urban development with buildings 3 stories or taller (such as downtown Bozeman), increase the minimum sun-to-horizon angle to acquire the photography during the times of minimal shadow. Tilt will not exceed four degrees for any photographic frame and will average not more than two degrees for any ten consecutive frames. Relative tilt exceeding six degrees between any two successive frames may be cause for rejecting that portion of the flight lines. Monitoring and recording of GNSS conditions for Positional Dilution of Precision and solar activities during acquisition is required. The course heading differential between any two successive exposures should not exceed five degrees. Forward overlap will be at least 55 percent between consecutive exposures. The average sidelap will be at least 20 percent. All digital orthophotos will be radiometrically adjusted as necessary so that adjacent digital orthophotos can be displayed simultaneously without an obvious visual edge seam between them. Pixel resolution: 3” pixel, 3-band (RGB), true color, orthorectified digital imagery Seamless mosaic at 1-foot (Optional: 0.5-foot) pixel resolution. Edge-matched, non-overlapping tiles based on the tile scheme provided by the City and shall register to the existing City orthophotography database. Images with edge artifacts, mismatch, or voids will be rejected. Breaklines used to correct bridge and overpass distortion shall be provided in a feature class or Shapefile suitable for inclusion in ESRI ArcGIS software. Public Sidewalks (centerline): Within city limits only. Note: Prior to undertaking full digital orthophoto production, Kîsik will provide the City with sample digital images to evaluate and accept as examples of overall image quality. 10 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. b) LiDAR data collection: Acquiring high-accuracy LiDAR data for the entire project area during the leaf-off season with a minimum point density of 8 points per square meter and an aggregate nominal pulse spacing of less than 0.35m The accuracy of LiDAR data should be i. Vertical root mean square error (RMSEz) in non-vegetated area should be ≤ 0.196 m and with d confidence level ii. Vertical root mean square error (RMSEz) in vegetated with 95% confidence level should be ≤ 0.3 m iv. Relative vertical accuracy: intraswath (smooth surface repeatability)- RMSDz should be ≤ 0.06 m and interswath (swath overlap difference)- RMSDz should be ≤ 0.08 m c) Data file format: Collected LiDAR point cloud data should be stored in the ASPRS LAS format and delivered in both LAS and LAZ format. d) The flight dates are between April 1st and April 30th 2024 e) project completion date is 90 days from photo and LiDAR acquisition. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 11 of 86 3.3 Methodology Projects are executed by Kîsik’s highly experienced team who provide leading edge solutions for mapping. The workflow overview provides a general overview of the procedures and checklists Kîsik has in place to ensure safety, efficiency, and productivity. Kîsik’s workflow is divided into four (4) phases and are described in further detail in this proposal: Acquisition Phase Positioning & Alignment Production Phase Delivery Phase Note: At Kîsik, we believe that each phase of a LiDAR project presents unique challenges and risks that may impact the production of deliverables meeting required specifications. To mitigate these risks, we have established specific quality control procedures for each phase, ensuring that all deliverables meet the project requirements. 12 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.3.1 Acquisition Phase For data acquisition Kîsik will use the sensors and platforms described in this section to meet the required specifications and provide high-quality deliverables as detailed in table 1. 3.3.2 General Acquisition 3.3.2.1 Flight Tracking Live aircraft tracking is accomplished with a satellite-based tracking system, called TracPlus. TracPlus allows Kîsik operations to monitor live aircraft locations, altitudes, and velocities at set report interval frequencies. TracPlus also allows for communication with the crew, allowing for real-time updates on weather conditions and priorities to be relayed to and from the aircraft, increasing safety and efficiency. 3.3.2.2 Weather and Environmental Condition Checks Kîsik team members are responsible for (and well-trained in) comprehensive monitoring of various public, aviation, and astronomical weather observations, services, and forecasts to determine suitable opportunities for dispatching aircraft(s) for acquisition. Our operators and flight crew have many years of experience reading, interpreting, and negotiating challenging mountainous and coastal weather systems common in Western Canada. Kîsik will monitor weather conditions between the sensor and ground to ensure it is clear of airborne particles such as, but not limited to rain, snow, fog, cloud, or excessive smoke. Smoke is determined daily and go, or no-go decisions are made by the pilot and the operator who have years of experience in these challenging conditions. Kîsik will not begin data acquisition when the space weather forecast for a geomagnetic storm is greater than a K-level index 6. 3.3.2.3 PDOP Checks Kîsik’s GPS team will check predicted PDOP values for the date of data acquisition to ensure they are within acceptable limits. PDOP will be monitored constantly throughout the flight to ensure conditions remain acceptable for acquisition. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 13 of 86 3.3.2.4 Aircraft Maintenance Kîsik has extensive experience in reliably and consistently capturing aerial imagery throughout the Pacific Northwest and is proud of our proven reliability. Having our own maintenance organization (Transport Canada AMO# 83-13) allows for scheduled and un- scheduled maintenance to be completed quickly and in adherence with all Transport Canada regulations and manufacturer guidelines. This allows Kîsik to offer high reliability with minimum aircraft downtime. 3.3.2.5 Aircraft Redundancy In addition to our primary survey platforms, Kîsik has a back-up aircraft with the requisite STCs already in-place. This aircraft will be based on a similar turbocharged twin-engine aircraft, the Piper PA31 Navajo Chieftain. (See Figure 3) (See appendix E - AIRCRAFT AND ALLOCATION) 3.2.1.6 Gyroscopic Stabilizer Kîsik utilizes a GSM 4000 Gyroscopic stabilizer to minimize any adverse yaw, pitch or roll effects during flight. The GSM 4000 is the flagship of the airborne product line and was developed for large format sensors. It uses a hydraulic gimbal system for vibration dampening and offers unmatched dynamic compensation. (See Figure 4.) Figure 3 - Piper PA31 Navajo Chieftain (CFVVS) Figure 4 - GSM 4000 Figure 2 - Kisik Maintenance Facility AMO#83-13 14 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.3.3 LiDAR and digital imagery data Acquisition 3.3.3.1 LiDAR scanning system Kîsik will use a dual channel LiDAR airborne scanning system, the Riegl VQ-1560 II-S series laser scanner with a laser pulse reputation 4000 khz and integrated with the Phaseone Camera. Kîsik has invested in the best LiDAR technology available on the market today to maximize efficiency and accuracy. All plans are created to ensure the system remains eye-safe during collection. (Laser scanner sensor specification is attached in a separate document per Appendix A) 3.3.3.2 Camera equipment Kîsik will use an ultra-high-resolution medium format camera, the PhaseOne iXM-RS150F (150MP). This camera offers wider aerial coverage while maintaining a high ground sample distance (GSD). The 150MP aerial photography camera provides an ultra-high resolution of 14204 x 10652 pixels, with a backside-illuminated CMOS sensor, fast capture speed, and enhanced light sensitivity. These features enable increased productivity for a wide range of aerial image acquisition projects. (Camera specification is attached in a separate document per Appendix A). 3.3.3.3 GPS and IMU Kîsik will use a Trimble AP60-AV GNSS-Inertial System and Applanix AP-60 IMU. It is designed to give system integrators the ability to harness the best in GNSS multi- frequency positioning technology, with the superior capabilities of inertial data for continuous mobile positioning in poor signal environments, and for the orientation of imaging sensors. (GPS & IMU Specification is attached in a separate document per Appendix A) Note: Lidar data will be collected simultaneously with imagery captured by the PhaseOne camera to ensure consistency between image and LiDAR datasets Figure 5 - Riegl VQ-1560 II-S Figure 6- PhaseOne camera iXM- RS150F DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 15 of 86 3.3.3.4 Aircraft Kîsik will use our PA23 Piper Aztec (C- GXNF) as the primary LiDAR survey platform. (See appendix E for aircraft and allocation) Our twin-engine turbocharged aircraft platform offers enhanced redundancy and increased safety over single-engine aircraft types, which is critical for survey flying in mountainous terrain and topography prevalent in BC. The Piper Aztec has been Kîsik’s chosen aircraft platform since commencing commercial operations in 2010. Our pilots are familiar with airborne and digital imagery data collection, and our maintenance team are experts on operating and maintaining our aircraft in excellent condition based on the knowledge and experience gained over the last 13 years. Figure 7 - Primary aircraft PA27 Piper Aztec (C-GXNF) 16 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.3.3.5 Flight Line Design for Lidar and Imagery Data Acquisition Kîsik uses Topoflight to design flight lines. Topoflight creates the most efficient plan, accounting for scanner capabilities, aircraft performance and terrain to accomplish the 24 pts/m2 and 30% side overlap required for the project. Table 1 - Airborne LiDAR and Data Specification Analysis Altitude 1022 m Minimum point density 24 pts/m2 Average point spacing 0.2 m Air speed 287 km/h Overlap 30% Laser scanner relative accuracy 20mm Total Linear KM 418.66 # of Lines 30 Vertical accuracy 0.1m RMSE Note: Based on our flight planning Kîsik is able to provide a minimum point density of 24 pts/m2 Figure 8 - A) Flight line design over project area DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 17 of 86 3.3.3.6 Pre-Flight Activities Before acquisition, Kîsik’s acquisition manager will: a) Update the Project Tracking Sheet with all planning parameters for acquisition (e.g., PRR, Scan Rate, maximum and minimum flight heights). b) Export the flight plan to the aircraft Flight Management System (FMS). c) Generate flight maps with all pertinent information for the aircraft crew and Air Traffic Control (ATC), such as flight line altitudes, airspace boundaries, and appropriate emergency airports. d) Send flight plans to the appropriate ATC authority in advance of planned acquisition and promptly resolve any airspace conflicts as required. e) Liaise with military and civilian authorities to resolve any airspace access restrictions posed by Class F airspace. f) Ensure sensor and camera calibration flights are complete prior to data processing g) Determine the next available weather window for mobilization through active monitoring of weather and environmental conditions 3.3.3.7 LiDAR Data Acquisition LiDAR data will be collected at 1022m above ground level (AGL) to produce a ground swath width of 1145m at 30% side overlap while the imagery will be planned with 30% side and 60% front overlap. The AOI provided has been buffered by an additional 100m to ensure complete coverage. The flying height (above sea level) is variable depending on terrain. The dual channel rotating polygonal mirror configuration of the scanner ensures that points will be evenly spaced to provide the most accurate and complete products. Kîsik will ensure that there are no data voids, except in the following circumstances: a) where caused by waterbodies. b) where caused by areas of low near infrared reflectivity, such as asphalt or composition roofing. c) where caused by lidar shadowing from buildings or other features; or d) where appropriately filled in by another swath. Coverage will be monitored throughout the flight via the RiAcquire interface, and post flight coverage rasters will be generated and verified prior to demobilization. Kîsik sensor operators maintain flight logs, mission reports, and data acquisition reports. These reports will contain information on work progress, including aerial coverage percentage and equipment performance. Kîsik sensor operators will monitor live LiDAR data acquisition through the proprietary RiACQUIRE interface (Figure 9). Sensor operators can monitor GNSS sync status, laser range, range reading (% of returns), amplitude, ground speed, coverage and GNSS Altitude. Operators will also monitor the POSAV window to ensure IMU data is writing, GNSS constellations are within range and that roll, pitch, and heading accuracies are within set tolerances. All unexpected anomalies are reported to City of Bozeman by means of the Flight Report form (Figure 10). 18 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. The Data Recorder has a built-in data integrity checker which checks for any synchronization and checksum errors. Any errors found are communicated via error message and data recording cannot continue until the error message has been acknowledged by the sensor operator. Kîsik’s project manager, acquisition manager and pre-production manager will lead a team of Kîsik’s staff through daily QA/QC workflows to ensure any issues are caught and rectified quickly and efficiently. 3.3.3.8 Quality Control of LiDAR Data Acquisition The following will be checked post flight to ensure acquisition has been successful: a) Checking differences between Channel 1 & 2 b) Checking vertical separation between flight lines (Figure 11.C) c) Point density and spatial distribution (Figure 11.D) d) Gaps in data Figure 11 - Sample of quality control products Figure 9 - RiACQUIRE Acquisition Interface Figure 10 - Kisik Flight Report DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 19 of 86 Note: After quality checking, if there is any issue found that cannot be fixed to meet the project specifications, Kîsik will plan re-flights over that area. 3.3.3.9 Quality Control of imagery Acquisition (RGB) In the field of aerial imaging, quality control plays a vital role in ensuring the accuracy and reliability of acquired imagery. After a flight mission, the following aspects are commonly checked to determine the success of the acquisition: Ghosting, Glare, and Blur: Ghosting refers to the presence of faint duplicate images or artifacts in the acquired imagery. Glare occurs when light is reflected directly into the camera lens, resulting in overexposed or washed-out areas. Blur can be caused by motion during image capture or improper focus. Quality control involves carefully examining the imagery for any signs of ghosting, glare, or blur. Pixel Resolution: Quality control involves verifying if the imagery meets the desired pixel resolution specifications. It ensures that the acquired imagery provides sufficient detail for the intended applications. Cloud Cover: Quality control involves evaluating the extent of cloud cover present in the acquired imagery. No Parameter Procedure Minimize challenge Acceptance criteria 1 Pixel resolution Designing the flight line based on camera specification to achieve the requested pixel resolutions Kîsik uses Topoflight to design flight lines. Topoflight creates the most efficient plan, accounting for camera capabilities, aircraft performance, and terrain to accomplish the minimum pixel resolution that is required for the project. Orthophoto Resolution: 10cm/pixel 2 Cloud cover Kîsik check the cloud cover in the data to ensure that all collected images are free of clouds Cloud free image 3 Haze, fog, sun angle Kîsik check all collected image to ensure haze fog and dust is minimal. Sun angle > than 30 degrees and Haze fog and dust is minimal Spectral resolution Collected data should cover full spectral region 20 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Note: After QC, if there is any issue found that cannot be fixed to meet the project specification, Kîsik will plan re-flights over that area. 3.3.4 Ground Survey Acquisition Prior to field survey activity our Operations group holds an internal project meeting with the Acquisition Manager and Survey staff. Safety procedures will be reviewed, as much of the work is along busy roads and/or off-road in remote locations. 3.3.4.1 Ground Survey Area Planning Kîsik ground crew team will review existing vertical and horizontal control points available in the project area for accuracy and completeness. If the existing control is not deemed sufficient, then Kîsik will be responsible for collecting additional control points. A minimum of 30 NVA (Non-vegetated Vertical Accuracy) and 20 VVA (Vegetated Vertical Accuracy) points will be collected following the distribution as outlined below. The check points for NVA assessment areas will be surveyed in clear open areas devoid of vertical features (such as vegetation, vehicles, pipes, wires, etc.) where LiDAR pulses have single returns. Survey area will have a minimum size of (ANPS × 5)2 and will use flat ground with slope less than 10 degrees. Acceptable land cover type includes open areas of low grass, such as lawns and golf courses, bare earth and urban paved areas. The assessment of VVA will be conducted in vegetated areas, such as tall grass, crops, brush land, short trees, and forests. The survey area will have a minimum size of (ANPS x 5)2 and flat ground (slope less than 10 degrees). Figure 12 - Ground Survey Plan DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 21 of 86 Kîsik has made every effort to provide a project-wide control point distribution, in addition to ensuring that access to the point locations is easy and as cost effective as possible. 3.3.4.2 Survey Control Equipment Kîsik utilizes a Trimble R12 RTK kit to collect control points with a vertical accuracy of 0.5cm RMS and a horizontal accuracy of 0.3cm RMS in Fast Static mode, the R12 is more than capable of achieving the accuracies required. Note: The proposed check point survey design will be submitted and approved by City of Bozeman prior to implementation. Note: Kîsik will perform ground survey work in conformance with Montana survey laws, regulations and administrative rules. Figure 13 - Trimble R12 22 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.3.4.3 Data Validation and Quality Control Ground Control Points (GCPs) will be collected using RTK, with their positions post processed using Trimble Business Center. All GCPs will meet a minimum specification of ≤ 1.0 cm (GNSS Point Vertical Accuracy RMSEz, 95% confidence level). 3.3.5 Risk Management The following legend has been used in assessing risk: Assessment Definition 1 Negligible – The probability and/or impact of this risk is negligible 2 Low – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is low 3 Medium – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is medium 4 High – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is high 3.3.5.1 Flight Operations Risks Risk Assessment Notes and Mitigation Plan Airspace Denials impacting acquisition 2 Kîsik has an excellent working relationship with NavCanada and the FAA. NavCanada and the FAA are familiar with our operations, aircraft and crew. Our pilots routinely go above and beyond the minimum communication and notices required to ensure our survey operations are supported and approved, even in challenging and high-traffic airspace. Kîsik has a wealth of experience successfully negotiating directly with NavCanada and the FAA shift managers when initial clearances are not granted. Only rarely are complete airspace denials encountered. Acquisition opportunities missed due to logistical inefficiencies 2 Kîsik’s dispatch model minimize time on aircraft and pilot duty hours by keeping ferry distances to/from project areas short. In addition, Kîsik has a dedicated Flight Follower for each aircraft who provides logistics support as required (e.g., fuel callouts, flight plan filing, ATC negotiations, weather updates etc.). This ensures our operations are as effective, efficient, and safe as possible while maximizing acquisition. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 23 of 86 Risk Assessment Notes and Mitigation Plan Acquisition opportunities missed due to scheduled or unscheduled aircraft maintenance. 2 Kîsik operates its own AMO and therefore has complete control of resource allocation when aircraft require maintenance at base, planned or otherwise. During heavy maintenance Kîsik performs 500-hour, 1000-hour, and 12-month inspections and resets all Out-of-Phase inspection items to their maximum time limits permitted, thereby reducing time spent on maintenance during the busier summer flying season. Kîsik maintenance personnel can be re-tasked according to changing weather and shifting acquisition priorities, as required. Kîsik can also bring aircraft in for inspections prior to due times at our own expense to reset time on aircraft to capitalize on upcoming weather windows – a costly luxury most platform providers do not offer. Maintenance personnel are available to work weekends and evenings as required. Kîsik’s scheduling ensures one aircraft engineer is always on-call during operations. As parts and shipping have the potential to delay maintenance, wherever possible, Kîsik maintains a robust inventory of serviceable spares. Kîsik has purchased entire aircraft to be used as donor platforms for parts, further minimizing the risk of missing acquisition opportunities. Acquisition opportunities missed due to inclement weather 2 Aviation is a complex and dynamic industry where despite thorough planning and contingencies the weather plays a major part in when we can collect data. Kîsik has many years’ experiences in dealing with inclement weather and relaying any delays to our clients. 24 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.3.5.2 Acquisition Risks Risk Assessment Notes and Mitigation Plan Acquisition opportunities missed due to inadequate weather forecast interpretation 2 Kîsik has been conducting airborne acquisition operations in BC for over 13 years. The rugged and varied terrain of BC poses significant weather and weather forecasting challenges to inexperienced, unfamiliar, or foreign survey operators. Kîsik has a proven track record of consistently delivering completed projects year after year. Over the years, Kîsik has developed comprehensive training and procedures for ensuring acquisition opportunities are not missed due to inadequate weather forecast interpretations. Our crews carefully and continually monitor various civilian and aviation weather products. Forecast products are evaluated and verified against each other to ensure accuracy and determine the likelihood of suitable weather for acquisition. Part of Kîsik’s competitive advantage is the ability and willingness to dispatch aircraft for even the smallest suitable weather windows to ensure that all acquisition opportunities are maximized. Insufficient lateral overlap 1 Flight plans are planned with a minimum of 50% lateral overlap. Kîsik uses gyro stabilized mounts to ensure consistent lateral overlap is maintained despite inadvertent aircraft roll. Flight line overlap is checked after each flight mission and refights are conducted if required. Poor data quality due to unsuitable ground or atmospheric conditions 2 Despite rigorous weather and atmospheric checks, there will be instances where excessive noise is observed due to unsuitable atmospheric conditions. Evapotranspiration, unpredicted low-lying clouds, and particulate matter from smoke or pollen can lead to noise in data. Unless atmospheric criteria are met, flights will be delayed or rescheduled. During acquisition, sensor operators will follow all QC procedures outlined in each phase. to ensure that the data collected is of the highest quality and that all observed anomalies are clearly communicated to the client. Poor data quality in terms of the point density 1 Kîsik’s flight plan is based on a minimum point density of 10ppm². If the proposed minimum point density and point spacing fail to meet the City of Bozeman criteria, a re- flight will be initiated. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 25 of 86 Risk Assessment Notes and Mitigation Plan Gaps in coverage 2 Kîsik operators monitor each flight line for completion during the acquisition phase. Any gaps identified will be immediately reflown. Data coverage rasters are created after each flight and reviewed by our team at base. Any potential missed data is reflown at the next available opportunity. 3.3.5.3 Ground control risks Risk Assessment Notes and Mitigation Plan Ground control equipment technical issues 1 Kîsik works with a local provider of Trimble equipment, ensuring that issues are solved without delay. Rental equipment can be provided with a same day pickup, further reducing delays. Kîsik also has procedures in place to ensure that all equipment is maintained per manufacturer instructions, and regularly ensures all updates from the manufacturer are applied. Insufficient amount of ground control points collected for proper assessment 1 The control plan has been created to have significantly more points collected than would be required, allowing for issues with access/data quality/equipment malfunctions to be mitigated. Ground point accuracy insufficient for data verification 1 Kîsik utilizes the latest in survey equipment and collection methodologies to ensure that the accuracy and precision of all ground points are within the required limits for data verification. Accuracy of collected verification points will be five times better than the required accuracy of the LIDAR dataset. 26 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.4 Positioning & Alignment Phase The positioning and alignment phase explains how Kîsik uses the acquired data and verifies the data is aligned (calibrated) to known points. Kîsik will use calibration parameters provided by the manufacturer and in-situ calibration parameters for both LiDAR and imagery data. 3.4.1 LiDAR Calibration Kîsik will use LiDAR calibration parameters that have been specified by Riegl (see appendix A.6 for LiDAR calibration report). Kîsik will also use the IMU to laser reference system alignment angles (bore-site), and mirror deformation constants (scaling) to ensure proper alignment. The manufacturer specific calibration parameters will be applied in the Riegl software to ensure values remain consistent and remove human error. 3.4.1.1 In-situ LiDAR Calibration Kîsik conducts regular calibration flights to ensure that any small systematic error in the sensor configuration is corrected, and to ensure the system remains in good working order. Kîsik conducts flights over our calibration grid in Chilliwack, BC that provides an excellent array of surfaces for calibration. An in-situ calibration will be collected prior to demobilization to ensure consistency with project area conditions. Calibration data is processed by the equipment manufacturer to provide the most accurate results possible; a recent calibration report will be submitted prior to commencing acquisition. Raw data from the calibration flight will be made available upon request. All raw data from LiDAR calibration flights will be made available to the City of Bozeman upon request. Calibration reports will include a complete system overview. 3.4.1.2 GPS Processing Aircraft and LiDAR positions will be corrected using Applanix POSPac PP-RTX. This tool uses corrections generated for each mission by Trimble, and allows for <0.06m accuracy vertically, comparable to the <0.05cm accuracy provided by static ground- based stations. Leveraging the PP-RTX system will remove the possibility of missions requiring a recollect due to base station issues and will allow the aircraft to collect in any area that has suitable weather conditions without being delayed by ground crews. Figure 14 - Calibration Flight Lines DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 27 of 86 3.4.1.3 Raw LiDAR Processing After each mission is completed, the base station GNSS data, IMU/GPS data and raw laser will be collected from the system. The GPS/IMU data will be processed by our Pre-Production as described above to generate the trajectory data. Kîsik LiDAR specialists will use RiProcess for combining GPS, IMU and Laser data to create georeferenced point cloud data. The Pre-Production manager is responsible for processing the data to a calibrated un-classified point cloud, ensuring that coverage is complete, and that the data is free from gross errors. 3.4.1.4 Strip Adjustment Relative and absolute adjustment of all strips is accomplished using TerraMatch and BayesMap StripAlign software. They compare laser data from overlapping flightlines and calculate correction values for any angular or absolute error. The comparison and correction value calculation can be either based on surface matching or on different types of tie lines. Tie line matching comprises points or lines on horizontal, vertical, or sloped surfaces that can be used for matching flight/drive paths to each other, but also known point or line locations that enable the adjustment of the laser point cloud to be based on control measurements. 3.4.2 Quality Control for LiDAR Calibration The quality of collected LiDAR data will be checked and reviewed after completion of an entire AOI, or when the aircraft returns to base (whichever comes soonest). During the field mission, flight line overlap, vertical separation between flightlines, intensity anomalies and point density will be checked. Figure 16 – Adjustment A) before correction B) after correction Figure 15- Raw LiDAR Data (Sample) 28 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.4.2.1 Relative vertical accuracy: Kîsik will measure the relative accuracy that characterizes the internal geometric quality of a LiDAR dataset without using surveyed ground control points. The assessment includes two aspects of data quality: within-swath accuracy (smooth surface repeatability), and swath-to-swath accuracy. Intraswath (smooth hard surface repeatability)– (RMSDZ) The assessment will use a gridded signed difference raster with cell size equal to 2 x ANPS rounded up to closest integer. The sampling area will be approximately 50m² and will be conducted for multiple locations both across the swath and along the swath within the usable portion of the swath. A minimum of three sample area per swath is required for all swaths within the AOI where smooth, hard, non-vegetated surfaces exist. Interswath (swath overlap difference) – (RMSD) The assessment of two swaths for interswath consistency is achieved by generating a gridded raster from single returns in non-vegetated area. The comparison will use gridded signed difference raster with a cell size equal to 2 x ANPS rounded up to the closest integer for each swath. The assessment is conducted by subtracting the difference between the grid surfaces. Kîsik will ensure that the relative vertical accuracy is equivalent to or not exceeds: Intraswath (smooth surface repeatability) which should be ±6 cm (or as close as possible) Interswath (swath overlap difference) maximum difference should be ±8 cm (or as close as possible) 3.4.2.2 Absolute Vertical Accuracy Kîsik will perform a vertical accuracy assessment by comparing highly accurate field check point data to the ground surface derived from the LiDAR data using Terrascan and TerraModeller. Testing absolute accuracy involves comparing the vertical, plumbline difference between non-vegetated GCPs and a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) surface generated from ground classified LiDAR data. The vertical difference between the GCPs and the plumbline distance to the planar surface of the TIN model can then be measured and reported in terms of RMSEz. The vertical root-mean-square error (RMSEz) applies to the accuracy assessment of the LiDAR point cloud, reported at 95% confidence level. The assessment will be done on expectedly hard and flat surfaces, which ideally produce single LiDAR returns. The results of the absolute vertical accuracy measurements will be delivered in an absolute accuracy report. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 29 of 86 An assessment and report of the LiDAR data vertical accuracy will be produced and submitted to City of Bozeman. Figure 17 shows the absolute vertical accuracy report’s sample. Kîsik will ensure that the LiDAR data collected and processed as part of this project will exhibit a vertical accuracy equal to or better ±0.196 m in non- vegetated area and ≤ 30 cm in vegetated area. 3.4.2.3 Horizontal Accuracy The horizontal accuracy of the lidar project will be reported using the format specified by Federal Airborne LiDAR Data Acquisition guidelines. An assessment and report of the LiDAR horizontal accuracy will be produced and submitted to the CITY OF BOZEMAN. A calculated horizontal accuracy will be derived using LiDAR Horizontal Error (RMSEr) in ASPRS 2014 Positional Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data. The formula is as follow: 𝐿𝑖𝐷𝐴𝑅 𝐻𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 (𝑅𝑀𝑆𝐸𝑟)= √(𝐺𝑁𝑆𝑆 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟)^2 + (tan(𝐼𝑀𝑈 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟)/0.55894170 𝑥 𝑓𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒)^2 Kîsik will ensure that the LiDAR data collected and processed as part of this project will exhibit a horizontal accuracy equal to or better ±35.1 cm. (95% confidence level) Note: Kîsik will provide a final Validation Report including RMSE analysis. The absolute and relative accuracy of the data, both horizontal and vertical, and relative to known control, will be verified prior to classification and subsequent product development. Figure 17 - Absolute vertical accuracy report sample 30 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.4.2.4 Imagery Calibration 3.4.2.5 Camera calibration Camera calibration will be carried out based on the "Brown model," which supports us in finding the value for a. Focal length(c) b. Picture zero aberration coordinate (principal point Xp Yp) c. Coefficients of radial and tangential aberrations (K1, K2, K3, P1, P2) d. Coefficients of pixel affinity and non-orthogonality (B1, B2) The camera calibration report will be submitted prior to commencing acquisition, including obtained lever arm offsets, boresight (angular) misalignments and interior camera orientation parameters (IOP). (Sample of camera calibration report is attached in a separate document per Appendix A) Note: Kîsik will submit the latest Camera Calibration Report prior to commencing data acquisition to BC Hydro. 3.4.2.6 GPS Processing Kîsik will use Inertial Explorer to process the GPS trajectory. To process the trajectory a Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method will be used. Kîsik will conduct quality control of the GPS processing by checking: a. PDOP: Position Dilution of Precision b. IMU-GPS Position Misclosure c. IMU Heading COG Difference d. Attitude Separation e. Combined Separation & Estimated Position Accuracy 3.4.2.7 Aerial Triangulation Aerial Triangulation (AT) is one of the most critical phases in the photogrammetric mapping process as it defines the geometric network on which all subsequent mapping is based. The AT plan will be designed to maximize the geometric accuracy of all the required products to ensure that the project specifications are met. The aerial triangulation process contains five distinct parts: a. AT Block preparation b. Control Point (CP) measurement c. Photogrammetric Point measurement d. AT Block Adjustment e. AT Report and Deliverables DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 31 of 86 AT Block Preparation: Contains the most up to date camera calibration report, the captured aerial imagery and the AGPS and IMU data. Control Point Measurement: To support the block adjustment, targeted surveyed ground/photo identifiable control points are measured in stereo softcopy and coded to provide a plate coordinate data file. This file, together with the file containing the ground coordinates of these points becomes part of the input to the AT adjustment software. Photogrammetric Point Measurement: This creates additional ground photogrammetric points at key locations on the aerial photograph to support setting- up of photogrammetric models and minimizes the expense of extra control from survey points in the field. Additional points are measured on shorelines of hydrographic features to ensure that lake surfaces will be level and that watercourses maintain a correct directional flow. The resulting fit of the points for each model is reported as statistics which are used as guides to determine if points need to be re- read in order to improve their accuracy or if more points are required. This is an important part of the internal quality control process carried out during the AT. AT Block Adjustment: The AT adjustment software is run and incorporates a free- net adjustment, support of GPS and IMU data, and advanced graphical display tools allowing block visualization in 3D. The final product of the AT process includes a set of adjusted coordinates and exterior orientations for the photography. This information is used for data collection (compilation) with softcopy stereoplotters and for orthophoto production. The end results of the adjustment process are stereo models that will achieve the highest accuracy results for this project. A final report upon completion of the AT process will be delivered. This report will provide an executive summary of the AT solution and its results, a description of the adjustment process and QC checks for accuracy. A description of the software used to perform the adjustments and a listing of the final adjusted coordinates will also be included. 3.4.2.8 Quality Control of Imagery Calibration Upon delivery of the digital imagery, Kîsik will perform the follow Quality Control steps: a. Verify ABGPS/IMU data by plotting the post processed coordinates against the planned coordinates to ensure that the actual and planned data matches. The airborne GPS/IMU data is then reformatted and imported into the aerial triangulation software. b. Inspection of imagery regarding suitability for purpose, including complete project area model coverage. c. General contrast, blemishes and foreign artifacts present on the imagery are noted and may be cause for re-flight if the threshold for acceptance is not attained. 32 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. d. Accuracy assessment e. Calculating RMSEH equals the horizontal radial RMSE, i.e., √(RMSEx²+ RMSEy²). All RMSE values and other accuracy parameters are in the same units as the pixel size. The GSD values shown in table below are typical of the GSD required to achieve the level of detail required for the stated map scales. According to the project requirements, the tolerable relative accuracy for X, Y, and Z is ±15cm, while the acceptable absolute accuracy is ±50cm. Horizontal accuracy class Absolute accuracy Orthoimagery Mosaic seamline Mismatch(cm) RMSEH (cm) X-cm ≤X ≤2*X DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 33 of 86 3.4.3 Risk Management The following legend has been used in assessing risk: Assessment Definition 1 Negligible – The probability and/or impact of this risk is negligible 2 Low – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is low 3 Medium – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is medium 4 High – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is high Risk Assessment Notes and Mitigation Plan Ground control equipment technical issues 1 Kîsik works with a local provider of Trimble equipment, ensuring that issues are solved without delay. Rental equipment can be provided with a same day pickup, further reducing delays. Kîsik also has procedures in place to ensure that all equipment is maintained per manufacturer instructions, and regularly ensures all updates from the manufacturer are applied. LiDAR calibration issue 2 Kîsik sends the Laser scanner to the manufacturer for adjusting the calibration parameters every 3 years to the and conducts regular calibration flights to ensure any issues are resolved as soon as possible. Existence of mismatch between channel 1&2 and LiDAR flight lines 2 Kîsik maintains two software packages capable of resolving most misalignment issues. Should Kîsik not be able to align the data to an acceptable standard, the data will be re-flown. Poor data quality due to poor sensor calibration 2 Kîsik uses a highly skilled team for calibration of data. If there is any issue with the calibration that cannot be fixed by the Kîsik team, Kîsik will re-fly the areas affected. Poor data quality in terms of absolute and relative vertical accuracy 1 If a lower absolute vertical accuracy less than 10 cm and/or relative vertical accuracy less than 6 cm was achieved, The Kîsik team will reprocess the GPS data, ground control points and calibration procedure, If the problem is not resolved, Kîsik will conduct reflights at the earliest possible acquisition window 34 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.5 Production Phase 3.5.1 Lidar Production The highly experienced Kîsik team will process the LiDAR data. All LiDAR data will be processed in-house. 3.5.1.1 LiDAR Tiling After quality control of the LiDAR data has been completed, the LiDAR point cloud will be split into tiles (1 km x 1km) within the project boundary (a 100m buffer will be taken into account). The MicroStation Connect edition and Terrascan software will be used to tile the LiDAR data. By tiling the data, it becomes easier to manage, process, and analyze the data in smaller, more manageable chunks. Kîsik will submit a tiling grid in ESRI shapefile format (The tiled deliverables will edge-match seamlessly and without gaps). The tiling scheme will use the same coordinate reference system and units as the data. The tile size shall be an integer multiple of the cell size for raster deliverables. The tiles shall be indexed in x and y to an integer multiple of the x and y dimensions of the tile. The tiled deliverables shall edge-match seamlessly and without gaps. The tiled deliverables shall conform to the project tiling scheme without added overlap 3.5.1.2 LiDAR Data Classification Point cloud data will be processed in Terrasolid’s Terrascan software to assign initial classification values. Terrascan provides several routines to algorithmically detect and assign points to their appropriate class. Automated classification routines assign points to one of the following classes: Table 2- LiDAR Point Cloud Class Code 1 Processed but Unclassified 2 Ground 6 Building 7 Low Point (noise) 9 Water; 17 Bridge decks 18 High Noise 20 Ignored ground Our experienced in-house staff will carry out manual checking and reviews on each tile and edits made when necessary to correct for misclassified points. The final classified point cloud data will be submitted in LAS 1.4 formats. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 35 of 86 3.5.1.3 Bare Earth Data (DEM generation) The final classified ground points (including timestamp, intensity, scan angle, return number and xyz coordinates) will be reviewed for completeness and conformance to the task order scope of work and then exported in LAS 1.4 file format from Terrascan. Kîsik will use ArcGIS to create a 0.5m (Cell size) raster elevation layer for the DEM. Each tile will be seamlessly edge-matched with all adjacent tiles to ensure a seamless mosaic. The final deliverables will be delivered in 32-bit floating- point GeoTiff raster format in ESRI geodatabase compatible. 3.5.1.4 Hillshade A hillshade is created by applying a shading algorithm to the DEM to create a hillshade of bare-earth in the ArcGIS software. The hillshade tool obtains the hypothetical illumination of a surface by determining illumination values for each cell in a raster. This algorithm calculates the slope and aspect of each cell in the DEM and applies shading based on the angle and direction of the light source. Kîsik will set the following parameters as detailed below for generating the hillshade. Azimuth =315 Note: Kîsik will follow the data format requirements as described in USGS LiDAR Specification standard published by City of Bozeman Figure 18 – Classified point cloud and cross section Figure 19 - Sample of Misclassification of Ground Figure 20- Sample of DEM Figure 21 - Sample of Hillshade 36 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. altitude =45 Zfacotr = 5 3.5.1.5 Breakline Breaklines are linear features that illustrate a change of surface behavior in terms of smoothness and continuity. Kîsik will use two types of breaklines to describe surface behavior: i. Soft breakline ii. Hard breakline The difference between hard and soft breaklines can only be noticed when using an interpolator with a TIN to produce a smooth surface. Hard breaklines can be used to model an abrupt change in surface behavior caused by features such as the boundary of waterbody. In the process of generating a DEM, Kîsik will generate 3D breaklines for water feature boundaries and wide rivers. These breaklines will be integrated into the ESRI Terrain data before producing any derived products. Hydrologic breaklines will be collected from the LiDAR and elevations will be assigned to them to enforce down-hill flow throughout the hydrologic network. Kîsik will use the intensity image, aerial image, and surface model to extract the 2-D hydrologic breakline. The 2-D features are then put through additional processing to add elevation information derived directly from the LiDAR data and enforced to ensure that they have downhill flow. It should be noted that constant elevation will be applied to features like ponds and lakes. Breaklines will allow water to flow from the tops of hills all the way down the stream network Breaklines will cut through culverts and bridges to allow water to flow downstream network Elevation values for the breaklines will be derived from the bare-earth LiDAR Single line stream centerlines for streams <2 meters wide will be created at channel bottom For streams >2 meters wide, double breaklines will be digitized only at the bottom of both sides of the channel at the land/water interface (but not at the top of bank) Drainage ditches (single line <2 meters wide) Drainage ditches (double line >2 meters wide at bottom of channel) Water bodies (ponds, lakes, reservoirs) greater than ¼ acre in size DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 37 of 86 Figure 22 shows an example of hydro-flattened DEM. Bare earth LiDAR points that are within the design Point Spacing of a breakline will be reclassified as “Ignored Ground” once the break lines have been completed. 3.5.1.6 Contour Contour lines will be generated based on the final ground points at every 1-ft interval. Generating contours from LiDAR ground point data involves interpolating the elevation values between individual LiDAR points to create a surface and then tracing contour lines at specific elevation intervals on this surface. There are different algorithms to generate topographic contours. Certain methods provide a more accurate representation of the point data, but the result is a less visually appealing output with sharper angles. On the other hand, alternative methods can smooth the data to varying extents, resulting in a cartographic output of superior quality. Kîsik offers options based on sample data, allowing the Cityof Bozeman to choose between having their collection area contours created from smoothed or unsmoothed data. Note: Kîsik will produce hydro-enforced / hydro-flattened breaklines at NSSDA accuracy standards for 1:2,400-scale maps Figure 22 - Treated Hydro-Flattened DEM Figure 23 - Sample of imagery with Contour Overlay 38 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Final tiled vector data will be seamless and free of edge effects. Kîsik is responsible for creating elevation attributes to every contour line and identify index contours at intervals of 0.1 ft. Kîsik’s product manager will lead the contour generation process. 3.5.1.7 Hydrology features Kîsik will use Global Mapper to update the existing hydrology feature dataset. The digitized features will be classified by type, edge matched to existing hydrology features with an elevation (z) assigned to each vertex. Elevation for hydrography features will be consistent with the DEM. 3.5.1.8 Building Footprints Kîsik will use TerraScan for the automatic vectorization of buildings. This automated process relies on classified ground points and building roofs. Manual verification will be conducted on the results of the automated vectorization, and any necessary manual editing will be performed by experienced Kîsik staff. 3.5.1.9 Metadata Kîsik will provide FGDC-compliant metadata in XML format for the geospatial dataset. Figure 24 - example of existing building footprint data overlayed with LiDAR and digital imagery data. There are some mis-extractions or un-corrected polygons in the existing data DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 39 of 86 3.5.2 Imagery Production An overview of our orthophoto production process is summarized in the following steps: a) Aerial photography is received after acquisition and loaded onto the network. b) The aerial photography is inspected for area coverage and overall quality prior to processing. c) Aerial Triangulation is performed utilizing the AGPS/IMU data and imagery. d) The new DEM is prepared to be used for the orthorectifications. e) Every frame of photo is rectified, and quality checked for accuracy and quality. f) Every frame is color balanced and adjusted for contrast and brightness and processed in large blocks to maintain project consistency. g) All imagery is mosaicked together using a software generated best path and then manually inspected and edited if required. h) Image tiles are clipped out and then thoroughly quality checked for any radiometric, mosaic, or smearing issues and fixed if required. i) Images are processed into final delivery formats and delivered to the client. 3.5.2.1 Orthophoto Rectification Orthophoto production process incorporates every frame of imagery into the final mosaic tiles. Using every frame and having the full selection of imagery available for use helps mitigate artifacts resulting from optical and radiometric distortion, including such issues as structure/tree displacement (lean), hot spots, as well as tonal contrast between contiguous features on adjacent frames. All imagery will be seamlessly mosaicked, radiometrically adjusted for colour, brightness and contrast and processed to the project requirements. Having successfully processed many city and regional projects throughout Canada and BC, we understand the orthophoto accuracy and esthetic requirements expected by the city. An overview of our orthophoto production process can be summarized in the following steps: a) Aerial photography is received from the acquisition team and loaded onto the network b) The aerial photography is inspected for area coverage and overall quality prior to processing c) Aerial Triangulation is performed utilizing the AGPS/IMU data, ground control data and imagery d) A new DEM surface will be generated from the new classified LiDAR data to provide an accurate surface for the current orthophotography 40 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. e) Every frame of photo is rectified, and quality checked for accuracy and quality f) Every rectified frame is color balanced and adjusted for contrast and brightness, and processed in large blocks to maintain project consistency g) All imagery is mosaicked using a software generated best path and then manually edited if required h) Image tiles are clipped out and then thoroughly quality checked for any radiometric, mosaic, or smearing issues and fixed if required i) Images are processed into final delivery formats and delivered to the client 3.5.2.2 Image Rectification Our orthophoto production process will rectify and colour adjust every frame of the 60/30 aerial photography to provide project-wide radiometrically balanced imagery. During orthorectification and mosaicking, the imagery is examined for any artifacts resulting from optical and radiometric distortion, including such issues as structure/tree displacement (lean), hot spots, as well as tonal contrast between contiguous features on adjacent frames. The final orthophoto product is comprised of center portions of every rectified frame as required, to ensure continuous seamless imagery across the project area. 3.5.2.3 Radiometric Balancing For quality data, the aerial imagery is manually adjusted for radiometric differences to provide natural colour and contrast and correct for any areas which exhibit exposure or color variation. These adjusted images are then processed using software which automatically applies any additional corrections for radiometric non-uniformity and color/contrast blending, to create large radiometrically uniform blocks of rectified imagery. The result is a set of adjusted input images which exhibit consistent contrast and color across the entire project area. 3.5.2.4 Bridges and Overpasses When orthorectifying imagery containing bridges, decks and elevated roadways, the DEM will be updated to include these above ground features. This will ensure that the elevated features are rectified in their true Figure 25 - Orthorectification DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 41 of 86 position and are not subject to “layover” and be incorrectly positioned in the final imagery. 3.5.2.5 Reduced Lean Each ortho mosaic is inspected for features such as tall buildings, towers and trees to ensure that the best image available exhibiting the least amount of lean is used. If necessary, the seamline is adjusted to minimize leaning of tall above ground buildings or structures. 3.5.2.6 Seamline Edits Mosaic seamlines are edited to minimize any visible mosaic lines within the image tiles. Seams are examined and revised if necessary to avoid structures and other problem areas which can cause displacement and aesthetic issues. Editing seamlines ensures that our clients receive the best possible seamless orthophotography. Figure 26 - Lean Figure 27 - Seamline 42 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.5.2.7 Quality Control of Imagery Data Processing Our orthophoto imagery is checked against control points, checkpoints, or other forms of control (provided or generated) to ensure that delivered data meets project accuracy specifications. In addition, imagery is checked following each processing stage to ensure that the inputs for the next step are correct. This methodology greatly reduces errors that are carried through all the production stages and leads to a more error-free final product. Our multiple quality assurance steps to ensure that our clients receive the highest quality data. Kîsik performs rigorous QA/QC checks on all data before it is delivered to the client and is solely responsible for all deliverables. We verify that the original project plan and specifications have been adhered to, and then follow up with more detailed checking of deliverables. The following sub-sections describe in additional detail the checks that are performed for aerial photography, aerial triangulation, DEM and orthophoto rectification. 3.5.2.8 Orthophoto Quality Control Pixel Resolution Raw image pixel resolution is ≤ to the output orthophoto pixel Image Accuracy Orthophoto accuracy is verified against control points Image Bit Depth The imagery bit depth meets the defined specifications Edge Matching No visible discontinuities in ground features within tiles Color Balance Uniform color within each tile and throughout project Radiometric Differences No or minimal radiometric differences for groups of tiles Seam line geometry Geometric seam line mismatch should not be visible Warping of Streets/linear Ground Features Alignment of streets/linear ground features true to real condition. Blurred or Smeared Imagery No visible blurring or smeared imagery Shadows and highlights Extremely light or dark areas should be minimized to retain details Format - TIFF, ECW, JPG, Mr Sid, etc Files must be in the format as required in the project specifications Correct Data Verify projection and names for all delivered data. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 43 of 86 3.5.3 Additional Derivative Products 3.5.3.1 Intensity image LiDAR intensity is recorded as the return strength of a laser beam. Kîsik will use first return lidar data to create intensity images. Intensity of the LiDAR point clouds can be used for numerous applications, including: i. Feature detection ii. Feature registration iii. Distinguishing features iv. Land cover classification v. Identifying wet areas in forested areas (due to the tendency of the sensor signal to be absorbed by water) vi. Vegetation classification The data will be tiled to the original LiDAR tile in GeoTiff raster format at 1 meter or better resolution. 3.5.3.2 Drainage pattern (additional Products) Kîsik will use DEM to illustrate watershed and stream network delineation. The initial phase of manipulating the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) involves a geoprocess called DEM Reconditioning. This process adjusts the elevation points of the raw DEM to improve the accuracy of flow direction determination, resulting in more prominent stream representation. The subsequent step in this stage entails performing Fill Sinks on the data, which modifies the elevation points of significant land features enclosed by higher elevation cells in the DEM. The terrain preprocessing phase encompasses the following steps: i. The Flow Direction process generated a flow direction for every cell within the raw DEM. ii. The Adjust Flow Direction in Sinks process propose is to adjust the flow direction result to ensure that the water from each raster cell flows towards the same location in the sink polygon. iii. The Adjust Flow Direction in Streams process purpose is to adjust the flow direction grid to ensure that the water remains within the drainage streams. iv. Catchment Grid Delineation The watershed delineation process derived the final output encompassing all the hydrology outputs. The purpose of this process is to outline the extent of the area that drains downstream to the point of drainage or outfalls, which forms the boundary of a drainage basin. Figure 28 - Sample of intensity Image 44 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 3.5.3.3 Slope Map Kîsik will use generated DEM data to create slope map. ArcGIS will be used to identify the steepness at each cell of a raster surface. The lower the slope value, the flatter the terrain; the higher the slope value, the steeper the terrain. The output slope raster can be calculated in two types of units, degrees or percent (percent rise). Figure 30 - Drainage basins Figure 29 - Drainage network Figure 31 - Sample of slope map in degree DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 45 of 86 3.5.3.4 Quality Control of LiDAR Data Processing Kîsik will use Terrascan/TerraModeler and Global mapper to conduct quality checks of the LiDAR dataset. The following procedures will be carried out: a) Coordinate Origins for Gridded Data The origin of all gridded data must be placed on a whole meter coordinate value that will align with the zero (0) origin of the UTM Zone. b) Checking point cloud statistics from each tile to identify issues with outliers, GPS time issues, classification issues and other anomalies not apparent in visual checks. c) Checking classification code and consistency: Point classification is to be consistent across the entire project and classification code should be as detailed in section 2.4.1.2. d) Acceptable classification error less than 2% e) Identification of duplicate points (2 points with the same XYZ coordinates) f) The absolute and relative accuracy of the data, both horizontal and vertical, and relative to known control, will be verified prior and after point cloud classification. g) Creating TIN and hillshade raster from ground and non-ground to identify errors, noise, and misclassification. h) Data coverage will be checked and clipped to project delivery boundaries. i) Vertical and horizontal accuracy assessment of the LiDAR data by comparing surveyed ground check points against the LiDAR data. j) Voids and missing pixel: Ensure that there are no gaps in the raster where data is missing or has been accidentally filtered out. k) Checking high (spike) and low points that may have been missed. l) Data formats are output and checked to ensure they match the number of tiles expected from the projects tile index. Hydro flattened breakline i. Breaklines in the same coordinate reference system and units (horizontal and vertical) as the lidar point delivery. ii. Non-tiled Esri feature class in ArcGIS geodatabase iii. No geometric changes shall be made to the originally computed lidar points. 46 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. iv. Bare-earth lidar points that are near the breaklines shall be classified as Ignored Ground and excluded from the DEM generation process v. Checking hydro feature height to ensure it is not higher than the ground (figure 28) vi. Checking hydrology features correlation with DEM and orthophoto (Figure 29) vii. Breakline features should be continuous and not have overlaps or dangles. viii. QC on longitudinal profiles for river areas (Figure 30) ix. QC on cross section profile, over left and right riverbanks (Figure 31) x. Stream resolution: Streams, rivers, and water bodies meeting the criteria for hydro flattening should be monotonically continuous where bridge decks have been removed. xi. Non-Tidal Boundary Waters: The collection of edges within the project area represents only one side of the shore and not the opposing shore. The water surface edge along the project area will be at or below the surrounding terrain level. The elevation of the edge or edges will remain consistent throughout the project, whether it is a Figure 29 - Hydrology features does not correlate with DTM against Orthophoto Figure 28 - Hydro features are higher than ground Figure 30 - QC on Longitudinal Profile Figure 30 - QC on Cross-Section Profile DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 47 of 86 single elevation for a lake or a gradient for a river. xii. It should not remove or adjust tidal variations in water surface elevation during collection since doing so would entail removing ground points or adding unmeasured ground to the DEM. xiii. At road crossings where culverts are located, streams should be interrupted. These road fills should remain on the DEM and not be removed. xiv. Bridges must be eliminated from the DEM, while roads or other passages over culverts should remain unchanged on the surface. xv. The uncovered ground under a bridge should be a consistent and logical estimation of the non-hydrographic terrain that appears next to the bridge deck. If the supports of the bridge are visible, the estimation of the uncovered ground should begin at the intersection of the bridge deck and the approach structure. xvi. The originally calculated lidar points must not undergo any geometrical alterations. Bare-earth lidar points that are situated near breaklines will be categorized as "Ignored Ground" (class value of 20) and excluded from the process of generating DEM. xvii. DEM tiles will show no edge artifacts or mismatches. xviii. Depressions (sinks), natural or man-made, are not to be filled (as in hydro-conditioning or hydro-enforcement). m) Contour xix. Visual inspection: The first method is to visually inspect the contour lines on a map or in 3D visualization software. Look for any irregularities, gaps, or overlaps in the contour lines. xx. Ground truth validation: Another method is to validate the accuracy of the contour lines by comparing them to ground-truth data. 48 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Part 4: Scope of project 4.1 Delivery Phase Kîsik will deliver all the products detailed in the RFP via external hard drive with minimum 8TB in size and NTFS formatted. The list of deliverables as detail below: a) Project planning Project method details Instrumentation details Data collection b) Progress reports On/off schedule Status of collection % completion and where Any changes to the collection plan including people or instrumentation Any current issues causing delay Any anticipated issues that affect data collection, budget, or the Schedule c) Project report: d) Survey Control in RINEX and PDF format Active or passive station data including location and an monument station, date time stamp, GNSS data collected should be included Control points used to calibrate and process the pulse data Photos of survey control and a map of the base station locations e) Flight Trajectory in Shape file format f) In-situ Validation in Excel, RINEX/MS Word or PDF, TIFF/, PDF/JPG Check point measurements All GNSS field and control data including parameters for collection. Photographs of site of measurement areas both ground and site views g) Metadata in XML format h) Classified point cloud on LAS 1.4 format i) Index file in shapefile format DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 49 of 86 LiDAR deliverables j) Raw LiDAR data k) Classified point cloud l) Hydrography (streams & water bodies) in shp file format m) Building footprints( extruded with height) in ESRI Geodatabase format. n) DTM with 0.5 m pixel size in GeoTiff format (32-bit floating-point)- including the World file in TFW format. o) Full feature DEM with 0.5 m pixel size in GeoTiff format (32-bit floating- point)- including the World file in TFW format. p) Hillshade with 0.5 m pixel size in GeoTiff format (32-bit floating-point)- including the World file in TFW format. q) Breakline r) Contour line with 1-ft interval in shp and DWG format. Digital imagery deliverables s) Digital Orthoimagery: 1”=100’ map scale (i.e., 1”=600’ photo scale), 3” pixel, 3-band (RGB), true color, orthorectified digital imagery Survey Control and Quality Check Shots Digital Orthoimagery (3-band, 3” pixels, mosaic) Public Sidewalks centerline (within city limits only) Seamless mosaic at 1-foot (Optional: 0.5-foot) pixel resolution. Data validation deliverables t) Spatial Distribution and Regularity report in EXCEL and PDF format u) Relative Accuracy in GeoTiff format v) Calculation of relative accuracy including all data used for: Intraswath comparison and Interswath comparison. w) Pulse Density- visual grid and histogram in GeoTiff format x) Daya voids: Results from conducting a data void check In GeoTiff format. Pulse Classification y) Point cloud classification: summary of classification result in Excel, GeoTiff and PDF format. z) Positional accuracy: The results of positional accuracy including all data used for check point location for vertical and horizontal – NVA and VVA and will be provided. (in Excel, GeoTiff and PDF formats) aa) Project report bb) Metadata 50 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 4.2 Quality Control Deliverables The Kîsik project manager will check all deliverables to ensure they meet contracted requirements. The following items are included in the macro-level review. a) Checking the extent of coverage, b) Format type, c) Spatial reference information, d) Cell (or pixel) size, e) Extents f) No data value g) File names match tile names h) If filenames include coordinates, they match the file data’s coordinates A final Quality Control report will be generated. Figure 31 – Sample of Quality Control Report DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 51 of 86 4.3 Risk Management Assessment Definition 1 Negligible – The probability and/or impact of this risk is negligible 2 Low – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is low 3 Medium – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is medium 4 High – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is high Risk Assessment Notes and Mitigation Plan Insufficient storage capacity on Kîsik server 1 Kîsik currently owns and manages over 18000 TB of available on-site storage configured in a redundant RAID 6 array with capacity to upgrade further to cover all required data storage requirements. We have scheduled the server and storage capacity upgrades in our Transition-in Schedule to accommodate the potential data volumes required by the RFP. Unauthorized remote server access 1 Kîsik’s server infrastructure is located on-site, greatly reducing the risk of unauthorized physical access. Kîsik’s server infrastructure is protected behind industry standard firewalls and corporate antivirus software. Additionally, we manage and maintain complete on-site and off-site backups. Unable to deliver data in a timely manner. 1 Kîsik has experience delivering data to clients across North America via reputable, secured couriers. Kîsik is also delivering the final deliverables by complete phases according to the payment schedule. 52 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Part 5: Related Experience with Projects Similar to the Scope of Services Kîsik has accumulated more than 13 years of specialized knowledge in the fields of aerial data acquisition, in-house processing of LiDAR and digital imagery data, and delivery of products, and is proficient in serving projects of all magnitudes. We have an excellent track record for delivering all projects we take on each year. Our reputation is one of our greatest assets and guarantee we can deliver all aspects of this RFP. Note: Please see Appendix 12 for the reference letters. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 53 of 86 #1 Project Title: LiDAR survey over the Wyoming Project Size and Location: 111 km2, Wyoming Client and Reference Name: University of Wyoming, Austin Madson amadson@uwyo.edu Project Awarded Date: 10/16/2023 Data Acquisition Duration: 1 days Completion Date: <11/15/2023> Duration of Project: 15 days Project Description including summarize methodology: The objective of this project was to provide the University of Wyoming with highly accurate calibrated LiDAR data. Methodology: The flight lines were planned across the Area of Interest (AOI), considering project specifications and requirements, including point density and spacing. Following the completion of data collection, the Kîsik acquisition manager assessed the quality of the gathered data to ensure its compliance with project coverage and point density criteria. Subsequently, Kîsik utilized BayesMap for strip alignment of collected LiDAR data. 54 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. List of challenges and resolutions #1 Project Title: LiDAR and digital imagery survey over the Metro Vancouver Regional District (MVRD) Project Size and Location: 3,318 km2, Metro Vancouver Regional District (MVRD) Client and Reference Name: Aeroquest Mapcon, Andrew Dawson cell: 778-688-0579 Project Awarded Date: 14/03/2022 Data Acquisition Duration: 9 days Completion Date: 13/10/2022 Duration of Project: 7 months Project Description including summarize methodology: The objective of this project was to provide relevant data and information required by Aeroquest Mapcon. Surveying the entirety of Metro Vancouver including the watersheds posed a significant challenge due to the congested airspace that is managed to the minute by Air Traffic Control (ATC). Methodology: The flight lines were designed over the AOI by considering the project specifications and requirements, such as point density and point spacing. After the data collection was completed, the Kîsik acquisition manager checked the quality of the collected data to ensure that it met the project's requirements in terms of coverage and point density. The next step was positioning, and alignment phase used the acquired data and verifies the data was aligned (calibrated) to known points. Kîsik used calibration parameters provided by manufacturers (LiDAR) and in-situ calibration parameters for LiDAR data. After the point cloud calibration process was completed, the last step was to check the quality of the registration. This process was carried out by comparing the registered LiDAR dataset with reference data such as ground control points and check points. For this project 100 check points were collected over the non-vegetated and vegetated area. The calibrated LiDAR data was used to generate the final products. The Kîsik processing team supported and aided Aeroquest Mapcon (Prime on project) in preparing all final products deliverables. The automatic classification method was applied to classify the point cloud, and after that, our experienced in-house staff carried out manual checking and reviews on each tile. Edits were made when necessary to correct misclassified points. The vertical accuracy of the data was checked against the check point data, and it was confirmed that the LiDAR dataset fulfilled the vertical accuracy requirements for the project. To generate bare-earth data and the Digital Surface Model (DSM) the final classified ground points were used to generate bare-earth data, and the first return LiDAR data were used to generate the DSM. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 55 of 86 Challenge: #1 Congested Airspace Description: Surveying the entirety of Metro Vancouver including the watersheds posed a significant challenge due to the congested airspace that is managed to the minute by Air Traffic Control (ATC). Resolutions: Kîsik has an excellent working relationship with NavCanada and the FAA. NavCanada and the FAA are familiar with our operations, aircraft and crew. Our pilots routinely go above and beyond the minimum communication and notices required to ensure our survey operations are supported and approved, even in challenging and high-traffic airspace. We designed the flight plan to ensure that the flight path avoids busy air traffic routes and restricted airspace. Apart from that we planned to use two distinct teams to gather data throughout both daytime and nighttime periods, with the nighttime team focusing on the heavy air traffic zone. To ensure the safety of our crew and other airspace users, we put in place a range of stringent safety protocols, including thorough planning and coordination with air traffic control authorities. The daytime team was responsible for acquiring data in the areas with lighter air traffic, while the nighttime team handled the heavy air traffic areas. We carefully selected our team members for their experience, expertise, and commitment to safety, and provided them with extensive training to ensure they were fully equipped to handle the challenges of the project. Challenge: #2 Forest fire Description: Smoke and haze: During a forest fire, smoke and haze made severely reduce visibility, making it difficult for aerial data acquisition. Resolutions: Kîsik pilots are “IFR Rated” which means trained and proficient to operate in cloud, smoke, and other low visibility conditions. All our aircraft are equipped with advanced avionics and instrumentation to ensure that pilots have the necessary situational awareness to navigate safely in low visibility conditions. Additionally, our aircraft are maintained to Canadian standards which are higher than what is required by American survey operators. Our VQ-1560II is able to capture high-quality data even when smoke reduces ground visibility as low as 2 miles. 56 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Acquisition requirement Items Specs Height AGL (Above Ground Level) (ft) 7311 Flight line overlap % 30% Sensor type Riegl VQ-1560ii Sensor angle 58.5 Lines flown 102 Data specification Point density (ppm) 4.8 Point spacing (m) 0.45 Vertical accuracy 0.10 m Vertical Datum CGVD28 Horizontal Datum NAD83 (CSRS) v4 (2002) Geoid Model Metro Vancouver Geoid Deliverables Raw LiDAR data LAS 1.3 format Calibrated LiDAR data LAS 1.3 format IMU & GPS data N/A Classified point cloud LAS 1.3 format /included unclassified, ground, vegetation, building, high point/low point, water Bare earth (DEM) GeoTiff format with 1m resolution Digital Surface Model (DSM) GeoTiff format with 1m resolution Breakline Shape file Hydro-flattened DEM GeoTiff Contour N/A Project report (including accuracy report) Pdf format DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 57 of 86 #2 Project Title: Airborne LiDAR survey over Chilliwack Lake Watershed Project Size and Location: 2,552 km2, Chilliwack Lake, BC Client /Reference Name and contact number: CanDrone, Michal Becicka, 778-890-0180 Project Awarded Date: 22/08/2022 Data Acquisition Duration: 6 days Completion Date: 10/01/2023 Duration of Project: 4 months Project Description including summarize methodology: The objective of this project was to provide relevant data and information required by CanDrone. Despite the challenging terrain, characterized by steep mountain slopes, Kîsik team successfully managed to collect LiDAR data over the entire project. (Thanks to our planning team for extensive planning and preparation) The AOI was used to design the flight lines, taking into consideration project specifications such as point density and spacing. The Kîsik acquisition manager checked the quality of the collected data to ensure it met the project's requirements. Next, the data was aligned to known points using calibration parameters provided by manufacturers and in-situ calibration parameters. Registration (positioning & alignment) quality was checked by comparing the registered LiDAR dataset with ground control and check points collected over non-vegetated and vegetated areas. For this project, 127 GPS check points were collected over the vegetated and non-vegetated area. The calibrated LiDAR data was processed using TerraScan software to classify the point cloud, with automatic classification applied first and then manual checking and edits made as necessary. Vertical accuracy was checked against check point data and found to be within project requirements. Bare-earth data and the DSM were generated using the classified ground points and first return LiDAR data, respectively. A contour line was generated over the DEM data at 1-m intervals. Finally, the deliverables were named and labeled according to client requirements. The LiDAR dataset has been validated to have fundamental vertical accuracy of 0.09m at a 95% confidence level, based on the BC LiDAR specification vertical accuracy guideline, and represents an accurate depiction of the ground at the time of survey. 58 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. List of challenges and resolutions: Challenge: #1 Terrain topography Description: Challenging terrain, characterized by steep mountain slopes Resolutions: Flight planning is critical to ensure that LiDAR data is collected in a systematic and efficient manner. The Kîsik team gave special consideration to the flight path to ensure full coverage of the survey area, increasing flight line overlap in mountainous areas. Even if there were some small gaps in the data, additional flights were conducted to ensure complete coverage. (Thanks to our planning team for extensive planning and preparation) Challenge: #2 Weather Description: Inclement weather Resolutions: Monitor the weather forecast: kept an eye on the weather forecast for the area we planned to survey and avoided scheduling flights during periods of inclement weather. Due to inclement weather conditions, we missed one day of data acquisition. However, we were able to carry out the data acquisition during the next available window. Challenge: #3 Steep terrain and high point density data requirement Description: MTA zone issue which caused too much noise in the data Resolutions: Kîsik manually edited and removed all the noise that was created due to the MTA zone issue DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 59 of 86 Sample data DSM DEM Acquisition requirement Items Specs Height AGL (ft) 5532 Flight line overlap % 30% Sensor type Riegl VQ-1560ii Sensor angle 58.5 Lines flown 89 Data specification Point density (ppm) 16 Point spacing (m) 0.25 Vertical accuracy 0.09 m Vertical Datum NAD83 CSRS (2002.1) Horizontal Datum NAD83 CSRS (2002.1) Geoid Model CGVD2013 (CGG2013a) Deliverables Raw LiDAR data LAS 1.4 format Calibrated LiDAR data LAS 1.4 format IMU & GPS data *.out format Classified point cloud LAS 1.4 format /included unclassified, ground, water, high point/low point Bare earth (DEM) GeoTiff format with 1 m resolution Digital Surface Model (DSM) GeoTiff format with 1 m resolution Breakline Shape file Hydro-flattened DEM GeoTiff Contour 1 meter interval Project report (including accuracy report) Pdf format Contour Line 60 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. #3 Project Title: LiDAR and digital imagery survey over Fraser Valley Flood Project Size and Location: 750 km2, Abbotsford, BC Client /Reference Name/contact number: GeoBC, James Thompson, (778) 974-3668 Project Awarded Date: 16/11/2021 Data Acquisition Duration: 1 day Completion Date: 05/02/2022 Duration of Project: Approximately 2 months Project Description including summarize methodology: The objective of this project was to provide relevant data and information required by GeoBC. Kîsik completed this project that required to work within a very short notice from our client. Despite the limited time frame, Kîsik was able to successfully carry out the project and meet all the requirements within the given timeline. (Data acquisition window was 1 day) Despite the time constraint, we were able to collect high-quality data that was accurate and reliable. The data was then analyzed and processed, yielding valuable insights for our client. The flight lines were planned based on project specifications, including point density, and spacing. Once data collection was complete, the Kîsik acquisition manager checked the data quality for coverage and point density. The acquired data was then used to verify alignment and calibration using calibration parameters provided by manufacturers and in-situ calibration parameters. The final step was to check the registration quality by comparing it to reference data, such as ground control points and check points, collected over both vegetated and non-vegetated areas. The total number of checkpoints that were collected over vegetated and non-vegetated areas is 55 points. The calibrated LiDAR data was utilized to produce the final products. The processing team divided the data into tiles and applied automatic classification using Terrascan software, followed by manual reviews and edits to correct misclassified points. The LiDAR dataset's vertical accuracy was confirmed against check point data, and it met the project's requirements for vertical accuracy based on guidelines (BC LiDAR specifications). To generate bare-earth data and DSM, two types of data were used: classified ground points and first return LiDAR data. The contour line was created over DEM data with 1m intervals. The final deliverables were named and labeled according to the client's requirements. The LiDAR dataset has been validated to have fundamental vertical accuracy of 0.10 m at a 95% confidence level, based on the BC LiDAR spec guideline, and represents an accurate depiction of the ground at the time of survey. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 61 of 86 List of challenges and resolutions: Challenge: #1 Short notice and time frame Description: Our client needed the data urgently and gave us very short notice. Furthermore, we only had a one-day window for data acquisition Resolutions: Kîsik completed this project that required to work within a very short notice from our client. Despite the limited time frame, Kîsik was able to successfully carry out the project and meet all the requirements within the given timeline. (Data acquisition window was 1 day) Despite the time constraint, we were able to collect high-quality data that was accurate and reliable. The data was then analyzed and processed, yielding valuable insights for our client. Acquisition requirement Items Specs Height AGL (ft) 7311 Flight line overlap % 30% Sensor type Riegl VQ-1560ii Sensor angle 58.5 Lines flown 102 Data specification Point density (ppm) 4.8 Point spacing (m) 0.45 Vertical accuracy 0.10 m Vertical Datum NAD83 CSRS (2002.1) Horizontal Datum NAD83 CSRS (2002.1) Geoid Model CGVD2013 (CGG2013a) Deliverables Raw LiDAR data LAS 1.3 format Calibrated LiDAR data LAS 1.3 format IMU & GPS data *.out format Classified point cloud LAS 1.3 format /included unclassified, ground, vegetation, and building Bare earth (DEM) GeoTiff format with 1 m resolution Digital Surface Model (DSM) GeoTiff format with 1 m resolution Breakline Shape file Hydro-flattened DEM GeoTiff Contour 1 meter interval Project report (including accuracy report) Pdf format 62 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Sample data Point cloud based on the elevation DEM Orthophoto DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 63 of 86 Part 6: Statement of qualification 6.1 General BC Company – Kîsik is a private corporation located in Delta, BC. We are familiar with operating in Western Canada and the Pacific Northwest and its challenging terrain, weather and other aviation and logistical considerations in order to ensure safe and efficient operations. Aviation Experience – Kîsik Aerial Survey is a Transport Canada approved Air Operator Certificate (AOC) holder and Approved Maintenance Organization (AMO) certificate holder. We have over thirteen (13) years’ experience conducting flight operations in Western Canada and the Pacific Northwest. Kîsik owns five (5) multiengine aircraft and our flight crew have thousands of hours experience flying in this region. Since we own and operate our aircraft, we can dispatch a project within hours of being notified. Sensors Technology – Kîsik owns (2) Riegl VQ-1560 II-S series sensors. These are the top-of-the-line LiDAR sensors on the market today providing up to 2.66 million measurements per second on the ground. Experience – Kîsik is one of the longest standing BC companies providing airborne survey acquisition and geospatial data products. We have a consistent, proven track record with acquisition and delivery across British Columbia, Alberta, and Washington State. Our Lidar and imagery team have successfully delivered large scale projects throughout Western Canada. Safety – Kîsik has implemented a comprehensive Safety Management System (SMS) that meets independent audit standards. Kîsik has been granted Certificates of Recognition (CORs) in two programs (Health & Safety and Injury Management). We value our people and are committed to ensuring our team and workplace is safe and secure from injury, illness, and disease. Kîsik is accident-free and continues to develop and review safety systems and procedures on an annual basis. Kîsik subcontracts a 3rd party auditing company each year covering all areas of our operation. This provides our operation with continuous feedback for safety improvements. Our Transport Canada audit in October 2022 had zero findings against our aviation and maintenance organization. Redundancy – Kîsik has ensured redundancy across all areas of our business from acquisition all the way through delivery. We believe our mitigation plan ensures your project will be completed regardless of any associated risks. Total Commitment – Kîsik’s unique ability to have direct control of all areas from acquisition through to final deliverables under one roof is the cornerstone of why we can commit to your project. Kîsik is 100% committed to this RFP and we have the equipment, experience, personnel, and proven track record to do so. Carbon Footprint – Kîsik is committed to environmental conservation and combatting climate change. Acknowledging the significant impact of carbon emissions of the 64 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. industry on the environment, Kîsik places great emphasis on reducing its carbon footprint. To that end, Kîsik participates in a carbon credit to offset all of our projects. 6.2 Workplan and Schedule Kîsik will provide a project schedule designed to meet delivery dates set forth in the RFP. The schedule is designed to manage our resources effectively and ensure that the project will be delivered on time. The Project Schedule will include insights into schedule slippage caused critical path schedule tasks. We internally manage all areas of the schedule, Acquisition, Positioning / Alignment, Processing and Delivery using MS Project. Each Department Manager is responsible for updating the percent (%) complete and monitoring the progress of each assigned task until completion. MS Project is used as our primary scheduling and resource management tool to provide our Project Managers with up-to-date details on any scheduling conflict or resource issues that can affect the projects milestone dates. Our Project schedule is also available to our customers to have access online. Note: Kîsik’s major advantage over our competitors is we start managing the collected data through our production pipeline the minute it arrives off our aircraft. We do not need to wait for raw data to be delivered from an acquisition sub-contractor. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 65 of 86 Note: Any critical item task that will affect final delivery date milestones will be conveyed to the client as soon as they are identified. Figure 32- Example Project Schedule 66 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 6.2.1 Schedule Reporting Kîsik will provide regular weekly updates via email to CITY OF BOZEMAN, reporting on all relevant matters pertaining to all phases of the project: 3.3.1 Acquisition Phase 3.4 Positioning & Alignment Phase 3.5 Production Phase Part 4: Scope of project Delivery Phase The project status will be updated to our Online Acquisition Reporting System (OARS) weekly. Kîsik is already well versed and familiar with providing these regular updates to our client base, including on numerous past awarded projects. In addition to these regular weekly updates, the Kîsik’s Project Manager and Backup Project Manager are available for any ad-hoc informal updates in-between scheduled weekly reports. During the acquisition, progress reports shall be provided at the frequency stipulated by CITY OF BOZEMAN. On/off schedule Status of collection % completion and where Any changes to the collection plan including people or instrumentation Any current issues causing delay Any anticipated issues that affect data collection, budget, or the schedule 6.2.1.1 Online Acquisition Reporting System (OARS): Kîsik will provide and maintain an online acquisition reporting system (OARS) throughout the duration of the project. Kîsik has experience hosting OARS for past provincial acquisition projects and providing regular acquisition updates as a sub- contractor to various mapping clients hosting their own OARS. Kîsik can meet all OARS requirements as outlined below: a) provide a visual status of the project phases including: i. Aerial imagery / LiDAR flight plan ii. Aerial imagery / LiDAR data acquired iii. Aerial imagery / LiDAR data accepted/rejected iv. Production tiles in progress/completed Figure 33 - Sample OARS DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 67 of 86 Part 7: Reference Please see Appendix 12 for the reference letters. 68 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Part 8: Present and Projected Workloads On-going Project: Saskatchewan River Delta LiDAR Acquisition Project Size and Location: 10,395 km2, Saskatchewan Client /Reference Name/email: Water Security Agency (WSA) Shayne MacDonald, shayne.macdonald@wsask.ca Project Awarded Date: 28/09/2023 Data Acquisition Duration: 14 days Completion Date: Duration of Project: Approximately 6 months Project Description including summarize methodology: The objective of this project is to provide relevant data and information required by the WSA. A LiDAR dataset is required for WSA to assess the hydrological condition in the Saskatchewan River Delta. Therefore, a LiDAR dataset that can accurately represent bare earth elevations will be required for acceptance of the final deliverables. Despite challenging weather conditions in Saskatchewan, our team successfully collected LiDAR data within a limited yet opportune timeframe. The Kîsik ground crew team collected more than 100 check points (NVA and VVA) for the accuracy assessment of the gathered LiDAR data. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 69 of 86 On-going Project: Provincial LiDAR Acquisition Program Project Size and Location: 950,000 km2, British Columbia Client /Reference Name/contact number: GeoBC, James Thompson, (778) 974-3668 Project Awarded Date: 04/08/2023 Data Acquisition Duration: 4 years Completion Date: 2027 Duration of Project: Approximately 4 years Project Description including summarize methodology: The objective of this project is to provide relevant data and information required by the Ministry of Water, Land and Resource Stewardship. Kîsik was awarded the largest aerial LiDAR project in British Columbia with a budget of $38M. The purpose of this project is to collect approximately 1 million km2 of LiDAR data to the specifications with minimum 8-point density. Kîsik annual target is to collect and deliver 247,000 km². Our project's scope involves conducting data acquisition, providing training to GeoBC's technical team for raw LiDAR data processing, quality control of collected data, LiDAR data calibration, and related tasks. Kîsik possesses full capability to perform LiDAR data processing and deliverables for this project. 70 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Part 9: Key Personnel Kîsik’s project team has significant experience managing and delivering similar acquisition projects for a variety of clients in BC and beyond since 2010. Kîsik has a proven and consistent track-record of completing even the most challenging acquisition projects on schedule. Our references support a strong track record of excellent service and collaborative problem solving in our shared objective of maximizing acquisition for large area LiDAR and Imagery projects. Our Project Managers have years of experience managing projects, liaising with our customers and our team to provide the best solutions for our customers. Each Project Manager is responsible for setting expectations with our customer and keeping our promises. Our Acquisition Manager has thousands of hours of acquiring imagery and LiDAR data and working with our flight operations department to plan the safest and best possible plan to collect data in the short weather windows we have in BC. Our Sensor Operators have thousands of hours building an intimate and unmatched familiarity with complex terrain and challenging weather. Our Pilots have thousands of hours of experience safely piloting our aircraft over the unforgiving coastal mountains and Rockies and are experienced with conducting survey operations in the BC. Our Pre-Production Managers are experts in their fields, doing the initial stages of Quality Control and assessing data to ensure that any reflights are identified and captured as soon as possible to minimize temporal differences. Our Products Manager is responsible for preparing all LiDAR and Imagery data for processing, providing additional steps in our Quality Control and preparing all deliverable products within our promised schedule. Kîsik believes in a flat management structure which prioritizes adaptability and minimizes single points of failure. Accordingly, Kîsik technical team members are cross trained and can perform all processing and data management functions interchangeably. Similarly, Kîsik pilots and operators are trained on both of our aircraft types and sensor equipment. The Key Personnel section is laid out as follows: a) Overview b) Kîsik Project Team v. Project Manager vi. Department Managers vii. Sub-Contractors (if required) c) Schedule of production overview 71 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 9.1 Project Manager Kîsik’s Project Manager and backup Project Manager have managed many large- scale projects. Kîsik project managers understand the requirements of the RFP intimately and work with each client to ensure our promises are kept. Kîsik’s project manager and backup project manager meet the requirements laid out as listed below: Compliance Notes C Attendance at required project meetings C Weekly status reports C Managing and updating of project schedule and/or project web site C Validation or project deliverables for completeness, accuracy and timeliness C Timely communications & approval of key milestones and or objectives C Proactive identification of any issues effecting schedule, delays and/or quality. C Responsive to client emails and phone calls within one (1) business day 72 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. DELIVERABLES RAW DATA 9.2 Department Managers Each Department Manager reports to the Project Manager. Each Department Manager is responsible for their department’s deliverables which include those of any support team members and/or subcontractors. The departments are process driven from collected raw data to the final deliverables. 9.2.1.1 Acquisition Manager Kîsik’s acquisition manager is responsible for: a) All survey equipment and sensor calibration b) Coordination between field staff (aircraft maintenance organization, Chief Pilot / Operations Manager) and project manager c) Ensuring adequate staffing and training of sensor operators d) Delivering raw LiDAR/imagery data and quality control e) Submitting data to pre-production manager f) Planning all re-flight activities 9.2.1.2 Imagery Pre-Production Manager Kîsik’s imagery Pre-Production manager is responsible for: a) AOI Flight planning b) GPS processing and camera calibration c) Quality assurance and Quality control of imagery data d) Preparing reports related to imagery e) Liaising with Acquisition Manager on all flights and re-flights 9.2.1.3 Lidar Pre-Production Manager Kîsik’s Pre-Production manager is responsible for: d) AOI Flight planning e) All quality control related to LiDAR calibration f) GPS processing and calibration of LiDAR data g) Quality control of calibrated data to ensure all collected data meets project requirements. h) Preparing Calibrated LiDAR and all relevant reports to submit to LiDAR products manager. i) Liaising with ground survey crew j) Liaising with Acquisition Manager on all flights and re-flights Product Manager Pre-ProductionManager Aquisition Manager DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 73 of 86 9.2.1.4 Lidar /Imagery Products Manager a) Defining the roadmap as well as planning and managing products and product features b) Defining production methodologies to ensure strong alignment with the project requirements. c) Ensuring each product meets the needs of the project application. d) Monitoring project progress e) Quality assurance and Quality control of Trajectories and calibrated LiDAR data/imagery f) Preparing LiDAR and imagery data for processing g) Quality control of processed LiDAR datasets including point cloud classification, DEM, DSM etc. h) Quality control of all deliverables i) Preparing final reports j) Liaising with sub-contractors (if required) (See Attachment #5 for resumes of each Department Manager) (See appendix C – Kîsik Organization chart) Note: This is not an inclusive list of responsibilities for each manager. 74 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. 9.3 Risk Management The following legend has been used in assessing risk: Assessment Definition 1 Negligible – The probability and/or impact of this risk is negligible 2 Low – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is low 3 Medium – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is medium 4 High – The probability and/or impact of this risk on ongoing operations is high Risk Assessment Notes and Mitigation Plan Schedule Delays 2 Kîsik has reviewed the schedule requirements and have provided enough float time to meet the delivery requirements. The high-risk component of this is usually the acquisition phase as there are several factors outside of Kîsik’s control such as weather. Any delays that can potentially affect the delivery milestones will be reviewed and discussed with the client. Loss or change of management staff 1 Kîsik prides itself in its low employee turnover rate. Most Kîsik employees have been with the company for the last 5 years. To ensure business continuity, Kîsik ensures that all key management positions have a competent and qualified backup employee to whom their responsibilities can be delegated in the event of their absence or change of employment status. Kîsik has a robust training program for all new management staff to minimize negative operational impacts. DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 75 of 86 Part 10: Additional Information At Kîsik, we deeply care about climate suitability and recognize the pressing need to address climate change. We understand that the impact of our operations on the environment can be substantial, and we are committed to taking responsible action to mitigate our footprint and contribute to a sustainable future. Efficient flight planning At Kîsik, we use Topoflight software for optimizing flight plans to reduce the amount of fuel needed for each flight, thereby reducing Green House Gas emissions. This can be done by using more efficient flight paths. Carbon Offset Program Kîsik is aware of the environmental impacts caused by the carbon emissions created by our aircraft. Kîsik supports projects such as the Great Bear Forest Carbon Project. Along with climate benefits, the project supports the First Nations’ communities of the Great Bear rainforest. We’re proud to do business while taking on climate change. Partnerships and Collaboration Over the past six years, Hakai Institute (“Hakai”) and its academic partner (University of Northern British Columbia - UNBC) collaborated with Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. to acquire airborne LiDAR, photo, and hyperspectral imagery data using fixed-wing aircraft. The Hakai Long Reads series focuses on science, technology, and climate change, addressing significant implications for global ecosystems and society. Its aim is to educate and inspire the public, researchers, and policymakers regarding pressing challenges. Hakai Institute, a division of the BC-based Registered Charity Tula Foundation, specializes in environmental research and community engagement, particularly with First Nations. Tula’s endowment ensures that it will be sustainable for the next decade and beyond. Over the past four years, Kîsik & Hakai have, collectively, flown and acquired over 50,000 km2 of airborne data, which is used for informing and understanding changing ecosystems and glacial environments in Western North America. 76 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Part 11: Affirmation of Nondiscrimination & Equal Pay NONDISCRIMINATION AND EQUAL PAY AFFIRMATION Kîsik Aerial survey Inc hereby affirms it will not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, creed, sex, age, marital status, national origin, or because of actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity or disability and acknowledges and understands the eventual contract will contain a provision prohibiting discrimination as described above and this prohibition on discrimination shall apply to the hiring and treatments or proposer’s employees and to all subcontracts. In addition, Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc hereby affirms it will abide by the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Section 39-3-104, MCA (the Montana Equal Pay Act), and has visited the State of Montana Equal Pay for Equal Work “best practices” website, https://equalpay.mt.gov/BestPractices/Employers, or equivalent “best practices publication and has read the material. Ebrahim Taherzadeh/Project Manager Name and title of person authorized to sign on behalf of submitter DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 77 of 86 Part 12: APPENDIX This page is intentionally left blank 78 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Appendix A. ATTACHMENT LIST Attachment # Description 1 Air Operator Certificate (AOC) 2 Aircraft Maintenance Organization (AMO) 3 Sensor Port STC’s 5 Kîsik Project Assigned Resumes 6 LiDAR Calibration Report 8 Insurance Policies (Aviation / GL) 9 WCB Verification Letter 11 Form W-8BEN-E 12 Client Reference Letters 13 Laser scanners specification (VQ-1560II-S) 16 GPS & IMU Specification for LiDAR 18 Ground Survey Equipment Specifications – Trimble R8S and R12 19 PhaseOne Camera specification DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 79 of 86 Appendix B. PROJECT SCHEDULE *. : The current project schedule has been prepared based on an ideal plan. It is evident that the successful execution of the aerial LiDAR and digital imagery collection, a crucial facet of the project, is profoundly influenced by the weather conditions and ground conditions prevalent in the project area. 80 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Appendix C. ORGANIZATION CHART -KÎSIK Note: Blue indicates Kîsik employees Brown indicates Client City of Bozeman Project Manager -Dr. Ebrahim Taherzadeh Acquisition Manager -Corey Newton Chief Pilot / Operations Manager-Robyn Stewart Pilots (4) Aircraft Maintenance Organization (AMO# 83-13) Kelvin Kozsan Sensor Operators(5) LiDAR Pre-Production ManagerIrene Li Ground Survey Crews(2) IT ManagerAndew Naysmith Products Manager- Dr. Ebrahim Taherzadeh QC Manger (Narges ) Technicians(6) Backup Project Manager -Thomas Dionne Safety ManagerCorey Newton DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 81 of 86 Appendix D. PERSONNEL – KÎSIK (Management Only) Staff Member Role in Project Years of experience Qualification/Experience Ebrahim Taherzadeh Project Manager / Lidar Products Manager 10+ PhD of Spatial Information Engineering Thomas Dionne Project Manager (Back-up) 8+ B.A in Geography (Majoring in GIS) Corey Newton Acquisition Manager 4+ B.A in Geography / Commercial Pilot Irene Li Senior QC manager 2+ M.Sc. Geomatics Note: This is not a complete list of all of our team involved in this project as we have technicians / survey operators and IT support. 82 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Appendix E. AIRCRAFT AND ALLOCATION Aircraft Type* Reg # Owner Sensor Installed STC or Other (Y/N) Design Flight Speed [knots] Proposed Aircraft (YES or B/U) Aircraft Availability Date PA-23 C-FKSK Kîsik Aerial Survey Vexcel UltraCam Eagle Mark 3 Y 150 NO N/A PA-23 C-GXNF Kîsik Aerial Survey RIEGL VQ-1560 II Y 150 YES Immediately PA-31 C-FVVS Kîsik Aerial Survey RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S Y 165 BACKUP If required PA-31 C-GXHK Kîsik Aerial Survey - Y 165 BACKUP N/A PA-31 C-GRQK Kîsik Aerial Survey - Y 165 BACKUP N/A 83 of 86 Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Appendix F. AIR CREWS AND OPERATORS Crew Name(s) Aerial Survey (Hr.) Total Time (Hr.) Professional Designation and/or Education Pilot Robyn Stewart 4000+ 12000+ Commercial Pilot, ATPL, B.Sc./M.Sc Information Science Pilot Henry Mackenzie 4000+ 4000+ Commercial Pilot, ATPL/BA. Geography Pilot Lawrence Ando 3000+ 3000+ Commercial Pilot, ATPL Pilot Jorge Cardenas 2000+ 3000+ Commercial Pilot, ATPL Crew Name(s) Aerial Survey (Hr.) Professional Designation and/or Education Operator Matthew Schapansky 100+ B.Tech GIS Operator Thomas Dionne 1000+ B.A. (Majoring in Geography GIS) Operator Corey Newton 1200+ B.A. in Geography & GIS Cert. / Commercial Pilot Note: All Pilots and Operators are available as primary and back aircrews. Kîsik swaps out crews on to balance work load and duty time regulations. 84 of 86 City of Bozeman Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Appendix G. LIDAR SYSTEM INFORMATION Make/ Model Beam Divergence [mrad] Max. Scan Angle [±°] Mirror Type Pulse Repetition Frequency [kHz or MHz] GPS/IMU Accuracy at Design Altitude Proposed Flying Height AGL [m] NPD* IMU Make/Model/ Serial Number RIEGL VQ-1560 II ≤ 0.18 mrad @ 1/e, ≤ 0.25 mrad @ 1/e² 60 rotating polygon 2 x 2000kHz Position: 0.02 H 0.05 V Roll & Pitch: 0.0025 (deg) Heading: 0.005 (deg) 1402 10 S2224886 RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S ≤0.17 mrad @ 1/e, ≤0.23 mrad @ 1/e² 60 rotating polygon 2 x 2000kHz Position: 0.02 H 0.05 V Roll & Pitch: 0.0025 (deg) Heading: 0.005 deg 1402 10 S2223065 LIDAR SYSTEM CALIBRATION Manufacturer-provided calibration methodology- (please find attached the manufacturer calibration report in Attachment 6) In-house, proprietary calibration methodology (please attach description of methodology) Software-based strip adjustment (e.g., TerraMatch) Other (please attach description of methodology) DIGITAL ORTHOIMAGERY AND LIDAR ACQUISITION CITY OF BOZEMAN Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. City of Bozeman 85 of 86 Appendix H. LIDAR DELIVERY QC FORM LIDAR DELIVERY QC FORM File Naming For Calibrated, Unclassified, Strip Adjusted LiDAR data (LAZ format) [File Source ID]_[GPS Day]_[Year]_[System Serial Number]_[Tail Number].[file type] For LiDAR Swath Polygons (shapefile) [File Source ID]_[GPS Day]_[Year]_[System Serial Number]_[Tail Number].[file type] LiDAR Density Grids (shapefile): [Project-Name/Contract#]_Density_[Return Value].shp For Ground Control Point (GCP) Feature Layer (shapefile): [Project-Name/Contract#]_YYYY_Control.shp Ground control report (PDF) [Project-Name/Contract#]_Control_Report.pdf LiDAR in-situ Calibration Report (PDF): [Project-Name/Contract#]_YYYY_LiDAR_calib_LiDAR_serial_number.pdf Calibrated, Unclassified, Strip Adjusted LiDAR QC Report (PDF): [Project-Name/Contract#]_Strip_QC_Report.pdf LiDAR Data Adjustment Report (PDF): [Project-Name/Contract#]_Adjustment_Report.pdf Metadata Reports (XML & PDF) [Project-Name/Contract#]_YYYY_Metadata.xml/pdf For Final Project Report (PDF): Final_Report_[Project-Name/Contract#]_YYYY.pdf Classified point cloud (LAZ) All tiles will be delivered in the British Columbia Geographic System (BCGS) 1:2500 mapsheet grid system, [Ownership]_[Geographic Extent]_x[Classification]_[Nominal Pulse Density]_ [Projection]_[Date].[file type] Gridded DEM/DSM 1:20,000 BCGS([Ownership]_[Geographic Extent]_x[Classification]_[Nominal Pulse Density]_ [Projection]_[Date].[file type] Folder Structure e.g., DEM, DSM Directory Print Submitted storage devices should be labelled as below: Project name and contract number Delivery number and date Description of contents Shipping Confirm client shipping address Notify client upon shipping pick-up After Shipping Update Project Sheet (Status = "Delivered" + Shipping Date / Initials) Update physical project folder (record Shipping Date / Initials) Radiometry Backup Radiometry, Curves, Curve Screenshots - Update Project Sheet Area Product Projection e.g., UTM 10 86 of 86 Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. Appendix I. LiDAR METADATA SUMMARY Owner: Date of Submission: Project Name: Contract Number Project Location: Specification (select from list or enter alternate): GeoBC Quality Level: Project Units: Sensor model(s):Planned Flying Height AGL (AGL - meters):m Maximum Returns: Planned Flying Speed (knots) kn Maximum Scan Angle (FOV) Deg Planned swath width (meters) m Pulse Rate (Hz): Hz Swath overlap/side lap (percentage each side of swath):% Beam Divergence (milliradians): mrad Planned nominal point densisty (NDP - points per square meter)ppsm LAS Version: LAS synthetic flag used? Global Encoding Value: LAS key-point flag used? LAS Point Data Record Format (PDRF): LAS withheld flag used? Scale Factor (x,y,z): LAS overlap flag used? Classified? Class Codes Used: Non-vegetated vertical accuracy (NVA) (95% confident level, [1.96RMSEz]):cm Vegetated vertical accuracy (NVA) (95% confident level, [1.96RMSEz]):cm Number of NVA (GCPs): Number of VVA (GCPs): Interswath accuracy (RMSD) cm Interswath accuracy (RMSD) cm Number of flight line pairs tested for interswath accuracy: Number of flight line pairs tested for interswath accuracy: Horizontal Datum: Projection System(s): Vertical Datum Geoid Model: ACQUISITION LiDAR Metadata Summary REFERENCE SYSTEM ACHIEVED ACCURACY CLASSIFICATION Range of Acquisition Dates: FORMAT □ DSM □ Other □ DEM DERIVED PRODUCTS ADDITIONAL NOTES (optional) Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #1 AIR OPERATOR CERTIFICATE CERTIFICAT D'EXPLOITATION AÉRIENNE CANADA AOC No. / CEA n° : 11419 Legal Name / Dénomination sociale : KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC Operator address / Adresse de l'exploitant :UNIT 3 - 4340 KING STREETDELTA, BRITISH COLUMBIA V4K 0A5CANADA Telephone / Téléphone :604-821-9915 Fax / Télécopieur :604-821-9916 E-mail / Courriel :robyn.stewart@kisik.ca Expiry Date / Date d'expiration : Valid until suspended, cancelled or revoked Valide jusqu'à suspendu, annulé ou révoqué Operational Points of Contact / Points de contact opérationnels : Contact details, at which operational management can be contacted without undue delay are listed in the Operations Manual Chapter 1, Section 1.2. Les coordonnées permettant de joindre sans délai excessif le service de gestion de l'exploitation figurent dans le chapitre 1, section 1.2 du manuel d'exploitation. This document certifies that KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC is authorized to perform the air operations as defined in the attached operations specifications, in accordance with the approved Operations Manual, Canadian Aviation Regulations, Commercial Air Service Standards and any special conditions attached.Note: The term "Specific Approval" is interchangeable with the term "Special Authorization". Le présent document atteste que KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC a reçu l'autorisation d'effectuer les opérations de transport aérien indiquées dans les spécifications d'exploitation ci-jointes, conformément au Manuel d'exploitation, au Règlement de l'aviation canadien, aux Normes de service aérien commercial et si applicable aux conditions spéciales ci-jointes.Remarque: Le terme «approbation spécifique» est interchangeable avec le terme «autorisation spéciale». Date of Issue / Date de délivrance : 2021-04-27 Name and Signature / Nom et signature : JOHN WILLIAM MILLIGAN Title / Fonction : Technical Team Lead, Flight Operations / Chef d'équipe technique, Opérations aériennes _________________________________________________________________________ On behalf of the Minister of Transport - Au nom du ministre des Transports I hereby certify that the attached document is a true copy of the KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC Air Operator Certificate (AOC) and associated operations specifications. Transport Canada Civil Aviation last revised this document in Ottawa, Ontario Canada on April 27, 2021. Je certifie que le document ci-joint est une copie conforme du certificat d'exploitation aérienne (CEA) de KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC et des spécifications d'exploitation associées. Transports Canada Aviation civile a effectué la dernière révision du présent document, à Ottawa, Ontario Canada le 27 avril 2021. Dated at Ottawa, Ontario Canada on April 27, 2021, on behalf of the Minister of Transport. Fait à Ottawa, Ontario Canada, le 27 avril 2021, au nom du ministre des Transports. _________________________________________________________________________ On behalf of the Minister of Transport - Au nom du ministre des Transports This certificate supersedes and replaces the certificate currently in force, where applicable. Ce certificat annule et remplace le certificat présentement en vigueur, le cas échéant. CONDITIONS CONDITIONS The holder of this Canadian aviation document shall comply with the conditions and operations specifications in this air operator certificate. This air operator certificate is subject to the following general conditions: (a) the air operator shall conduct flight operations in accordance with its company operations manual; (b) the air operator shall maintain an adequate organizational structure; (c) the air operator shall employ managerial personnel who meet the Commercial Air Service Standards; (d) the air operator shall conduct training in accordance with its training program approved pursuant to this Subpart; (e) the air operator shall maintain aircraft that are properly equipped for the area of operation and the type of operation; (f) the air operator shall employ crew members who are qualified for the area of operation and the type of operation; (g) the air operator shall maintain its aircraft in accordance with the requirements of Part VII, Subpart 6; (h) the air operator shall maintain operational support services and equipment that meet the Commercial Air Service Standards; (i) the air operator shall notify the Minister within 10 working days after (i) changing its legal name, its trade name, its main base, a sub-base, a scheduled point or its managerial personnel, or (ii) ceasing to operate a type of aircraft authorized under the applicable Subpart; (j) the air operator shall conduct a safe operation. (k) This air operator certificate is not transferable and shall remain in effect until suspended or cancelled. Le titulaire de ce document d'aviation canadien doit se conformer aux conditions et aux spécifications d'exploitation de ce certificat d'exploitation aérienne. Ce certificat d'exploitation aérienne est assujetti aux conditions générales suivantes : a) l'exploitant aérien effectue les opérations aériennes conformément au manuel d'exploitation de la compagnie; b) l'exploitant aérien maintient une structure organisationnelle convenable; c) l'exploitant aérien a à son service du personnel de gestion qui satisfait aux Normes de service aérien commercial; d) l'exploitant aérien dispense la formation conformément au programme de formation approuvé en application de la présente sous-partie; e) l'exploitant aérien dispose d'aéronefs qui sont munis d'équipement approprié à la région d'exploitation et au type d'exploitation; f) l'exploitant aérien a à son service des membres d'équipage qui sont qualifiés pour la région d'exploitation et le type d'exploitation; g) l'exploitant aérien effectue la maintenance des aéronefs conformément aux exigences de la Partie VII, sous-partie 6; h) l'exploitant aérien maintien des services et de l'équipement de soutien opérationnel qui sont conformes aux Normes de service aérien commercial; i) l'exploitant aérien informe le ministre dans les 10 jours ouvrables après, selon le cas : (i) avoir apporté tout changement à sa dénomination sociale, à son nom commercial, à sa base principale, à ses bases secondaires, à ses points réguliers ou à son personnel de gestion, (ii) avoir cessé d'utiliser un type d'aéronef autorisé en vertu de la sous-partie applicable; j) l'exploitant aérien mène son exploitation d'une manière sécuritaire. k) Le présent certificat d'exploitation aérienne ne peut être transféré et doit rester en vigueur jusqu'à sa suspension ou son annulation. AIR OPERATOR CERTIFICATE CERTIFICAT D'EXPLOITATION AÉRIENNE CANADA AOC No. / CEA n° :11419 Legal Name / Dénomination sociale : KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC This certificate supersedes and replaces the certificate currently in force, where applicable. Ce certificat annule et remplace le certificat présentement en vigueur, le cas échéant. OPERATIONS SPECIFICATIONSSPÉCIFICATIONS D'EXPLOITATION subject to the approved conditions in the Operations Manual / sous réserve des conditions approuvées figurant dans le Manuel d'exploitation Issuing Authority Contact Details / Coordonnées de l'autorité de délivrance Telephone / Téléphone :604-916-3568 Fax / Télécopieur :855-618-6288 E-mail / Courriel :john.milligan@tc.gc.ca AOC No. / CEA n° : 11419 Legal Name / Dénomination sociale : KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC Date of Issue / Date de délivrance : 2021-04-27 ____________________________ On behalf of the Minister of TransportAu nom du ministre des Transports CAR Rule / Règle du RAC :702 Aircraft / Aéronef : PIPER : PA27 - PIPER PA23 250 PA31 - PIPER PA31 350 Type(s) of Operation / Type(s) d'exploitation :AERIAL WORK / TRAVAIL AÉRIEN Type(s) of Service / Type(s) de service : Type(s) of Aerial Work / Type(s) de travail aérien :Aerial mapping / Cartographie aérienneAerial photography / Photographie aérienne Aerial surveying / Lève topographique aérien Area(s) of Operation / Zone(s) d'exploitation :NORTH AMERICA / AMÉRIQUE DU NORD Special Limitation(s) / Restriction(s) spéciale(s) : DAY VFR / VFR DE JOUR IFRNIGHT VFR / VFR NUITVFR OTT SPECIFIC APPROVALS APPROBATIONS PARTICULIÈRES CAR RAC DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION REMARKS OBSERVATIONS DANGEROUS GOODS / MARCHANDISES DANGEREUSES DANGEROUS GOODS MARCHANDISES DANGEREUSES 702.08(g) (xii) No Non DG Passenger/Crew Baggage only. DG Passenger/Crew Baggage only. NAVIGATION SPECIFICATIONS FOR PBN OPERATIONS / SPECIFICATION DE NAVIGATION POUR L'EXPLOITATION PBN RNAV 1 AND 2 RNAV 1 ET 2 702.08(g)(vii)AIRCRAFT / AÉRONEFS :PA27 - PIPER PA23 250: C-FKSK, C-GXNFPA31 - PIPER PA31 350: C-GXHK FMS/GPS: GARMIN - GNS 400W, GARMIN - GTN 650/750 GPS/SBAS RNP APCH 702.08(g)(vii)LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, LP and LPVLNAV, LNAV/VNAV, LP et LPV AIRCRAFT / AÉRONEFS :PA27 - PIPER PA23 250: C-FKSK, C-GXNF PA31 - PIPER PA31 350: C-GXHK FMS/GPS:GARMIN - GNS 400W, GARMIN - GTN 650/750 GPS/SBAS AERIAL WORK / TRAVAUX AÉRIENS CARRIAGE OF PERSONS TRANSPORT DES PERSONNES 702.16 ALL AIRCRAFTTOUS LES AÉRONEFS CUSMA - SPECIALTY AIR SERVICES OPERATIONS ACEUM - OPÉRATIONS DE SERVICES AÉRIENS SPÉCIALISÉS 700.03(3)VALID U.S.A. AND MEXICOAPRIL 27, 2021 TOAPRIL 27, 2022CANADIAN AVIATION REGULATION 702.08(F) AND 702.08(G)(XII) AERIAL MAPPING AERIAL PHOTOGRAHYAERIAL SURVEYING AIRCRAFT / AÉRONEFS :PA27 - PIPER PA23 250: C-FKSK, C-GXNFPA31 - PIPER PA31 350: C-GXHK AUTHORIZED PILOTS: ROBYN ELIZABETH STEWART AA790464 JORGE ALBERTO CARDENAS BARRIGAN CA507084LAWRENCE TAMOTSU ANDO CA795167JEN JUN CHANG CA503827 CONDITIONS ATTACHED CONDITIONS ATTACHÉES This Operations Specification supersedes the previous ID No: 1 and Revision: 8 dated 2020-05-15Cette spécification d'exploitation annule et remplace le N° d'ID précédent: 1 et révision: 8 en date du 2020-05-15 ID No. / N° d'ID: 1 Revision No. / N° de révision: 9 SPECIFIC APPROVALSAPPROBATIONS PARTICULIÈRES CARRAC DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION REMARKSOBSERVATIONS FLIGHT CREW AUTHORIZATIONS / AUTORISATIONS D'ÉQUIPAGE DE CONDUITE INCREASE IN FLIGHT DUTY PERIOD AUGMENTATION DE LA PÉRIODE DE SERVICE DE VOL 702.93(5)(a) INCREASE IN FLIGHT TIME AUGMENTATION DU TEMPS DE VOL 702.92(2)(a) TIME FREE FROM DUTY PÉRIODE SANS SERVICE 702.96(2)(a) This Operations Specification supersedes the previous ID No: 1 and Revision: 8 dated 2020-05-15 Cette spécification d'exploitation annule et remplace le N° d'ID précédent: 1 et révision: 8 en date du 2020-05-15 ID No. / N° d'ID: 1 Revision No. / N° de révision: 9 AOC No. / CEA n° : 11419 Legal Name / Dénomination sociale : KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC AERIAL WORK / TRAVAUX AÉRIENS CUSMA - SPECIALTY AIR SERVICES OPERATIONS - 700.03(3)ACEUM - OPÉRATIONS DE SERVICES AÉRIENS SPÉCIALISÉS - 700.03(3) The authority for CUSMA - SPECIALTY AIR SERVICES OPERATIONS is granted subject to the following conditions: L'autorité pour ACEUM - OPÉRATIONS DE SERVICES AÉRIENS SPÉCIALISÉS est soumise aux conditions suivantes: (1)Prior to commencement of operations in the United States of America or Mexico, the air operator must acquire a certificate of authorization from the foreign Civil Aviation Authority (CAA); (1)Avant de commencer ses activités aux États-Unis d'Amérique ou au Mexique, l'exploitant aérien doit obtenir un certificat d'autorisation de l'autorité de l'aviation civile étrangère (CAA); (2)Other than flight crew members, the following persons may be carried on board the aircraft: (2)À l'exception des membres de l'équipage de conduite, les personnes suivantes peuvent être transportées à bord de l'aéronef: (a)the person is a flight crew member trainee, is a person undergoing training for essential duties during flight or is an air operator employee aircraft maintenance technician; (a) la personne est un stagiaire membre d'équipage de conduite, une personne en formation aux tâches essentielles pendant le vol ou un technicien d'entretien d'aéronef employé de l'exploitant aérien; (b)the person is a fire-fighter or fire control officer being carried within a forest fire area;(b) il s'agit d'un sapeur-pompier ou d'un agent de contrôle des incendies transporté dans une zone de feu de forêt; (c)the person is being carried to an aerial work site, performs an essential function in connection with the aerial work operation, and is necessary to accomplish the aerial work operation. (c) la personne est transportée sur un site de travail aérien, remplit une fonction essentielle en rapport avec l'opération de travail aérien et est nécessaire pour accomplir l'opération de travail aérien. (3)During helicopter external load operations, persons not essential during flight are carried only in conjunction with a Class D load which complies with subsection 702.21(1) of the Canadian Aviation Regulations, except for: (3)Pendant les opérations de chargement externe d'hélicoptère, les personnes non essentielles en vol ne sont transportées qu'en liaison avec un chargement de classe D conforme au paragraphe 702.21 (1) du Règlement de l'aviation canadien, à l'exception: (a)crew members undergoing training; and a) les membres d'équipage en formation; et (b)fire-fighters carried only in conjunction with a Class B load consisting of equipment necessary to fight fires within a forest fire area. b) les pompiers transportés uniquement avec un chargement de classe B comprenant le matériel nécessaire à la lutte contre les incendies dans une zone de feux de forêt. (4)The Transport Canada Civil Aviation regional office must be notified of any changes to the list of aircraft or pilots listed in this operations specification. (4)Toute modification apportée à la liste des aéronefs ou des pilotes énumérés dans la présente spécification d'exploitation doit être signalée au bureau régional de l'aviation civile de Transports Canada. (a)A copy of amended operations specifications shall be provided by the air operator to the appropriate CAA of the country where the operations are carried out; (a)Une copie des spécifications d'exploitation modifiées doit être fournie par l'exploitant aérien à l'autorité de l'aviation civile compétente du pays où les opérations sont effectuées. (5)Liability insurance must be carried on board the aircraft prior to operations in the United States of America or Mexico;(5)Une assurance responsabilité doit être souscrite à bord de l'aéronef avant toute opération aux États-Unis d'Amérique ou au Mexique. (6)Prior to commencement of operations in Mexico, the air operator must comply with the Mexican CAA's survival equipment requirements; and (6)Avant de commencer ses opérations au Mexique, l'exploitant aérien doit se conformer aux exigences relatives aux équipements de survie de la CAA du Mexique; et (7)This authorization and the operating authority issued by the foreign CAA, must be carried on board the aircraft while operating specialty air services operations. (7)La présente autorisation et l'autorité d'exploitation délivrée par la CAA étrangère doivent se trouver à bord de l'aéronef dans le cadre de l'exploitation de services aériens spécialisés. BASES AND SCHEDULED POINTS / BASES ET POINTS RÉGULIERS subject to the approved conditions in the Operations Manual / sous réserve des conditions approuvées figurant dans le Manuel d'exploitation Issuing Authority Contact Details / Coordonnées de l'autorité de délivrance Telephone / Téléphone :604-916-3568 Fax / Télécopieur :855-618-6288 E-mail / Courriel :john.milligan@tc.gc.ca AOC No. / CEA n° : 11419 Legal Name / Dénomination sociale :KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC Date of Issue / Date de délivrance : 2021-04-27 ____________________________ On behalf of the Minister of Transport Au nom du ministre des Transports BASES AND SCHEDULED POINTS BASES ET POINTS RÉGULIERS ISSUED DÉLIVRÉE AIRCRAFT AÉRONEFS AUTORISÉS MAIN BASE / BASE PRINCIPALE CZBB - BOUNDARY BAY (CANADA)2019-07-17 ALL / TOUS Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #2 Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #3 Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #5 Kîsik Aerial Survey Ebrahim Taherzadeh – Project and product manager Profile Ebrahim Taherzadeh received his PhD degree in Spatial information engineering in 2014. He has more than eight (8) years of experience in airborne LiDAR survey technology as senior remote sensing specialist and project manager in a well-known LiDAR company in South- east Asia. His expertise in managing LiDAR projects includes acquisition, processing (point cloud calibration, point cloud finalization, classification), and quality control of LiDAR data. He was involved in more than 30 large scale LiDAR projects and published more than 10 international papers in the remote sensing field. Education/Certifications ▪ Doctor of Philosophy - Spatial Information Engineering ▪ Master of Science - GIS & Remote Sensing ▪ Bachelor of Science- Natural Resources Engineering Selected Projects involved ▪ LiDAR Survey and Digital Imagery over Sarawak, Malaysia ▪ LiDAR Survey and Topographic Mapping of Pahang State, Malaysia ▪ LiDAR survey and Topographic Mapping for the transmission line, Sabah, Malaysia. ▪ LiDAR survey and Topographic Mapping for Sabah, Malaysia ▪ LiDAR survey and Topographic Mapping for High-Speed Rail (Kuala Lumpur to Singapore), Malaysia Kîsik Aerial Survey Thomas Dionne – Backup Project manager Profile Thomas brings a formal education in geography, with a specialization in GIS and remote sensing and a minor in geology. Thomas has experience in flight planning, operations and collection of both airborne imagery and GPS/IMU data. Thomas has a strong technical understanding of GPS/IMU data and is experienced in GPS/IMU processing, inspection, quality control, export and technical troubleshooting. Thomas is also experienced in dealing with base stations, ground control and basic terrestrial surveying. Along with his experience in acquisition, Thomas is also involved and experienced in all aspects of production and quality control, as well as technical troubleshooting, technical documentation, logistics and management of large scale projects. The 2022 season is his eighth season with the Kîsik team. Education/Certifications ▪ Bachelor of Arts – Specialization in Geography & GIS. Minor in Geology – McGill University Kîsik Aerial Survey Corey Newton – Acquisition Manager Profile Corey brings a strong formal education in geography with a specialization in Spatial Information Systems. In addition to QGIS and other spatial and GIS specific software suites, he has an aptitude for IT/networking and has developed automation experience in Linux Shell, Python, and Powershell. In addition to Corey’s technical background, he is also a licensed pilot and holds multi-IFR and seaplane ratings, in addition to PPL and CPL licenses. Corey has been involved in commercial aviation operations for over 5 years, and has flown out of many remote and northern communities in Canada. The 2023 season is his third with the Kîsik Aerial Survey team. Education/Certifications ▪ Bachelor of Arts – Specialization in Geography & Spatial Information Systems – Simon Fraser University ▪ Commercial Pilot License Kîsik Aerial Survey Irene Li – Pre-Production Manager (Imagery) Profile Irene brings a strong formal education in GIS with a Bachelor’s degree in Global Environmental Systems as well as a Certificate in Spatial Information Systems from Simon Fraser University. In addition, Irene recently completed her Master’s degree in Geomatics for Environmental Management (MGEM), from the University of British Columbia. In addition to Irene’s formal training and background in GIS, she also brings strong technical experience in python and other programming languages, as well as a variety of spatial and GIS specific software suites. The 2022 season is her first with the Kîsik Aerial Survey team. Education/Certifications ▪ Bachelor of Arts – Global Environmental Systems with Certificate in Spatial Information Systems – Simon Fraser University ▪ Master’s Degree – Geomatics for Environmental Management (MGEM) – The University of British Columbia Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #6 Title: System Calibration RIEGL VQ-1560II-S S2223065 Author: Markus Nowotny, DI Peter Rieger Customer: Riegl USA, Inc. Doc. No.: Date: Pages: Issue: Na 07.11.2023 25 07 Distribution: Copying of this document, and giving it to others and the use or communication of the contents thereof, is forbidden without express authority. Offenders are liable to the payment of damages. All rights are reserved in the event of the grant or the registration of a utility model or design. Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 3 2 EXPLANATIONS TO THE PROTOCOL ................................................................................................ 4 3 RIPROCESS SCAN DATA ADJUSTMENT PROTOCOL .................................................................... 6 3.1 CALCULATION PARAMETERS ..................................................................................................................... 6 3.2 CALCULATION RESULTS ............................................................................................................................ 6 3.3 LASER DATA .............................................................................................................................................. 6 3.4 LASER DEVICES ......................................................................................................................................... 6 3.5 NAVIGATION DEVICES ............................................................................................................................... 6 3.6 OBSERVATIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Best 15 observations ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Worst 15 observations ................................................................................................................................... 7 Best 15 scans ................................................................................................................................................. 7 Worst 15 scans ............................................................................................................................................... 7 3.7 HISTOGRAM OF RESIDUALS ....................................................................................................................... 7 3.8 ORIENTATION CHART ................................................................................................................................ 8 4 VISUAL ACCURACY ASSESSMENT ..................................................................................................... 9 4.1 HEIGHT DIFFERENCE PLOTS ..................................................................................................................... 10 Scan 231030_214717_2 vs. 231030_215124_2 .......................................................................................... 10 Scan 231030_214717_1 vs. 231030_214717_2 .......................................................................................... 11 Scan 231030_215124_1 vs. 231030_223424_1 .......................................................................................... 12 Scan 231030_214717_1 vs. 231030_223855_2 .......................................................................................... 13 Scan 231030_215620_2 vs. 231030_223855_2 .......................................................................................... 14 Scan 231030_221709_2 vs. 231030_222144_2 .......................................................................................... 15 Scan 231030_221305_1 vs. 231030_223039_1 .......................................................................................... 16 Scan 231030_214717_1 vs. 231030_221709_2 .......................................................................................... 17 Scan 231030_220019_2 vs. 231030_223039_2 .......................................................................................... 18 Scan 231030_222611_1 vs. 231030_223424_1 .......................................................................................... 19 Scan 231030_222144_2 vs. 231030_222611_1 .......................................................................................... 20 Scan 231030_214717_2 vs. 231030_220019_2 .......................................................................................... 21 Scan 231030_222611_2 vs. 231030_223855_1 .......................................................................................... 22 5 CALIBRATION RESULT ........................................................................................................................ 23 5.1 BORESIGHT ANGLES SCANNER S2223065 - IMU ..................................................................................... 23 5.2 EXCERPT OF THE ARINC 705 AVIATION STANDARD: .............................................................................. 24 5.3 RESIDUES AFTER SYSTEM CALIBRATION ................................................................................................. 24 CALIBRATION PROTOCOL CAL-1123-S2223065 ...................................................................................... 25 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 3 of 25 1 Introduction The system calibration has been performed using the associated software tools for airborne - laser scanning developed by RIEGL LMS GmbH: RiPROCESS, version V.1.9.3.6 RiUNITE, version V.1.0.6 Calibration parameter values are derived from a process called “scan data adjustment”. Chapter 2 describes the essential parameters given in the protocol associated with scan data adjustment. The process of system calibration is highly automated; the final “RiPROCESS Scan Data Adjustment Protocol” given in chapter 3 “RiPROCESS Scan Data Adjustment Protocol” includes the automatically generated summary of relevant parameters and results provided by the iterative calculation performed by RiPROCESS. A visual verification of the quality of the system calibration has been performed by plotting the height difference of two overlapping scan stripes. The results of the calibration and a calibration protocol confirming the systems specified accuracy are included in this document. System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 4 of 25 2 Explanations to the protocol Calculation parameters Information regarding the configuration and the status of the scan data adjustment algorithm are given in this category. Calculation mode In case “least square fitting” is chosen the sum of the squares of the residues is minimized (least squares method). The “robust fitting”-method minimizes the absolute values of the residues. Calculation time States the actual computation time of the algorithm. Min. change of error [m] The iterative calculation ends when the minimum changes of the residual error are smaller than the chosen value. Search radius [m] Asks for the maximum distance of the centre of gravity of a terrestrially surveyed control surface (a so called “tie object”) to the centre of gravity of a corresponding surface found in the scan data (point cloud). Angle tolerance [deg] The terrestrially surveyed tie objects and the surface in the scan data is found to be correspondent if the normal vectors of both surfaces include an angle smaller than Angle tolerance. Max. normal dist. [m] The terrestrially surveyed tie objects and the surface in the scan data is found to be correspondent if the mean distance of both surfaces is smaller than Max. normal distance. Calculation results Number of free parameters States the amount of parameters to be optimized by the scan data adjustment algorithm. Number of observations States the amount of actually used observations by the scan data adjustment algorithm. Error (Std. deviation) [m] States the resulting standard deviation of the residual errors. System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 5 of 25 Laser Data The table gives the optimized angular differences [deg] and translations [m] with respect to the system calibration. Laser devices The exact boresight angles of the laser scanner’s coordinate system with respect to the IMU- sensors coordinate system is a result of the scan data adjustment. The boresight calibration and also the optimized angular differences and translations between scan stripes are taken into account with the data processing of all scan stripes separately. Navigation Devices The global shifts with respect to the directions east and north as also to the local normal vector to the ellipsoid in meters are given in this category. Additionally, the parameter “Time” is taken into account when combining the scan data and the trajectory. Observations The spreadsheets give the absolute residual errors of single observations. The best and the worst 15 observations are listed separately with their residual error which is the mean normal distance [m]. The coordinates of each single observation enable a fast search. A statement regarding the quality of the attitude and position of single scan stripes is given in the tables “best 15 Scans” and “worst 15 Scans”. The standard deviation of all observations within a single scan stripe with respect to all other overlapping stripes is stated. Histogram of residues The histogram shows the distribution of the observations according to their residual error. Generally, it is a nearly Gaussian distribution with a mean value of 0. Orientation chart The orientation of the observations has an influence on the results of the scan data adjustment algorithm. If the observations are oriented in various directions the result can be expected to be stable and accurate. In case all the corresponding surfaces are aligned similar, e.g., north-south, or in case that only horizontally oriented surfaces are available the algorithm may diverge and a stable result is unlikely, at the same time the residual errors will be low. The orientation chart shows the distribution of all surfaces with respect to all directions of the compass. System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 6 of 25 3 RiPROCESS Scan Data Adjustment Protocol Project: 2023110310000199_VQ-1560II-S_S2223065 Protocol date: 2023-11-07 09:02 Operator: MN Comments: VQ-1560II-S S2223065 Program version: RiPROCESS v1.9.3.1051 (2023-11-02) Computer: RUBBERDUCK Physical units: m, deg, s 3.1 Calculation parameters Calculation mode: Analyze Calculation time: 6 mins, 48 secs Calculation mode: Least Square Fit Tolerance: 0.000100 Use Manual Tie Objects: True Search corresp. planes: False Search radius [m]: 1.000 Angular tolerance [deg]: 5.000 Max. normal dist. [m]: 1.000 Observations active: True Observations count: 119982 3.2 Calculation results Number of free parameters: 0 Number of observations: 119982 Error (Std. deviation) [m]: 0.0186 Median abs. dev. [m]: 0.0152 3.3 Laser data Name Roll [deg] Pitch [deg] Yaw [deg] East [m] North [m] Height [m] Time [s] 231030_214717_Channel_1 -0.002 0.000 -0.001 0.030 0.016 -0.041 0.0000 231030_214717_Channel_2 -0.002 0.000 -0.001 0.030 0.016 -0.041 0.0000 231030_215124_Channel_1 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.029 0.006 -0.070 0.0000 231030_215124_Channel_2 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.029 0.006 -0.070 0.0000 231030_215620_Channel_1 0.000 0.002 -0.002 0.035 0.009 -0.065 0.0000 231030_215620_Channel_2 0.000 0.002 -0.002 0.035 0.009 -0.065 0.0000 231030_220019_Channel_1 -0.001 -0.003 0.000 -0.003 -0.001 -0.038 0.0000 231030_220019_Channel_2 -0.001 -0.003 0.000 -0.003 -0.001 -0.038 0.0000 231030_221305_Channel_1 -0.001 0.001 0.001 0.020 -0.022 -0.002 0.0000 231030_221305_Channel_2 -0.001 0.001 0.001 0.020 -0.022 -0.002 0.0000 231030_221709_Channel_1 0.001 -0.003 -0.001 0.023 0.031 0.010 0.0000 231030_221709_Channel_2 0.001 -0.003 -0.001 0.023 0.031 0.010 0.0000 231030_222144_Channel_1 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.022 -0.020 -0.007 0.0000 231030_222144_Channel_2 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.022 -0.020 -0.007 0.0000 231030_222611_Channel_1 0.001 -0.003 -0.002 0.025 0.023 0.008 0.0000 231030_222611_Channel_2 0.001 -0.003 -0.002 0.025 0.023 0.008 0.0000 231030_223039_Channel_1 -0.002 -0.001 0.001 0.048 0.002 -0.026 0.0000 231030_223039_Channel_2 -0.002 -0.001 0.001 0.048 0.002 -0.026 0.0000 231030_223424_Channel_1 0.003 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 231030_223425_Channel_2 0.003 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 231030_223855_Channel_1 0.000 -0.001 0.002 0.044 -0.002 0.001 0.0000 231030_223855_Channel_2 0.000 -0.001 0.002 0.044 -0.002 0.001 0.0000 3.4 Laser devices Name Roll [deg] Pitch [deg] Yaw [deg] X [m] Y [m] Z [m] Channel 1 (VQ-1560II-S, S2223065) -0.03424 0.01621 0.30366 0.034 0.010 0.548 Channel 2 (VQ-1560II-S, S2223065) 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.000 0.000 0.000 3.5 Navigation devices Name Roll [deg] Pitch [deg] Yaw [deg] East [m] North [m] Height [m] Time [s] INS-GPS 1 (Applanix POS AV/LV/MV, 10783) 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.0007 3.6 Observations Best 15 observations # Object 1 Object 2 Deviation [m] Description 1 Record007 - 231030_221305_Channel_2 Record009 - 231030_221709_Channel_1 0.000 2 Record009 - 231030_221709_Channel_1 Record014 - 231030_223039_Channel_1 0.000 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 7 of 25 # Object 1 Object 2 Deviation [m] Description 3 Record004 - 231030_215620_Channel_1 Record004 - 231030_215620_Channel_2 0.000 4 Record004 - 231030_215620_Channel_2 Record011 - 231030_222144_Channel_2 0.000 5 Record005 - 231030_220019_Channel_2 Record007 - 231030_221305_Channel_1 0.000 6 Record003 - 231030_215124_Channel_2 Record018 - 231030_223855_Channel_2 0.000 7 Record002 - 231030_214717_Channel_2 Record005 - 231030_220019_Channel_2 0.000 8 Record002 - 231030_214717_Channel_1 Record013 - 231030_222611_Channel_2 0.000 9 Record002 - 231030_214717_Channel_1 Record004 - 231030_215620_Channel_2 0.000 10 Record005 - 231030_220019_Channel_2 Record011 - 231030_222144_Channel_2 0.000 11 Record002 - 231030_214717_Channel_2 Record013 - 231030_222611_Channel_1 0.000 12 Record007 - 231030_221305_Channel_1 Record011 - 231030_222144_Channel_2 0.000 13 Record004 - 231030_215620_Channel_1 Record018 - 231030_223855_Channel_2 0.000 14 Record011 - 231030_222144_Channel_2 Record016 - 231030_223425_Channel_2 0.000 15 Record003 - 231030_215124_Channel_1 Record004 - 231030_215620_Channel_1 0.000 Worst 15 observations # Object 1 Object 2 Deviation [m] Description 1 Record007 - 231030_221305_Channel_1 Record007 - 231030_221305_Channel_2 0.176 2 Record013 - 231030_222611_Channel_1 Record016 - 231030_223425_Channel_2 0.175 3 Record007 - 231030_221305_Channel_1 Record018 - 231030_223855_Channel_2 0.174 4 Record009 - 231030_221709_Channel_1 Record011 - 231030_222144_Channel_2 -0.174 5 Record003 - 231030_215124_Channel_1 Record016 - 231030_223424_Channel_1 -0.173 6 Record016 - 231030_223424_Channel_1 Record018 - 231030_223855_Channel_1 -0.173 7 Record002 - 231030_214717_Channel_1 Record011 - 231030_222144_Channel_2 0.171 8 Record016 - 231030_223424_Channel_1 Record018 - 231030_223855_Channel_1 0.170 9 Record013 - 231030_222611_Channel_1 Record016 - 231030_223424_Channel_1 0.169 10 Record009 - 231030_221709_Channel_2 Record016 - 231030_223424_Channel_1 -0.168 11 Record014 - 231030_223039_Channel_1 Record014 - 231030_223039_Channel_2 0.168 12 Record011 - 231030_222144_Channel_2 Record014 - 231030_223039_Channel_1 -0.167 13 Record003 - 231030_215124_Channel_1 Record014 - 231030_223039_Channel_1 -0.165 14 Record007 - 231030_221305_Channel_1 Record007 - 231030_221305_Channel_2 0.165 15 Record004 - 231030_215620_Channel_1 Record016 - 231030_223424_Channel_1 -0.165 Best 15 scans Name Objects Std. dev. [m] 231030_221709_Channel_2 11091 0.015 231030_221709_Channel_1 10379 0.016 231030_215124_Channel_2 12813 0.016 231030_222611_Channel_2 7579 0.016 231030_215124_Channel_1 12568 0.017 231030_222144_Channel_2 9799 0.017 231030_222144_Channel_1 9707 0.017 231030_222611_Channel_1 7431 0.017 231030_221305_Channel_2 10226 0.017 231030_221305_Channel_1 10073 0.018 231030_214717_Channel_2 13176 0.018 231030_223039_Channel_2 10466 0.018 231030_214717_Channel_1 13071 0.018 231030_223425_Channel_2 11045 0.019 231030_223855_Channel_2 9995 0.019 Worst 15 scans Name Objects Std. dev. [m] 231030_220019_Channel_1 11987 0.023 231030_220019_Channel_2 12450 0.022 231030_215620_Channel_1 12872 0.020 231030_223424_Channel_1 10878 0.020 231030_223855_Channel_1 9955 0.020 231030_223039_Channel_1 10136 0.020 231030_215620_Channel_2 12267 0.019 231030_223855_Channel_2 9995 0.019 231030_223425_Channel_2 11045 0.019 231030_214717_Channel_1 13071 0.018 231030_223039_Channel_2 10466 0.018 231030_214717_Channel_2 13176 0.018 231030_221305_Channel_1 10073 0.018 231030_221305_Channel_2 10226 0.017 231030_222611_Channel_1 7431 0.017 3.7 Histogram of residuals System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 8 of 25 3.8 Orientation chart System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 9 of 25 4 Visual accuracy assessment For the visual assessment of the data quality achieved by applying the results of the scan data adjustment algorithm, a few plots chosen at random, showing the height difference of two overlapping scan lines in each case, are given. The height difference is calculated by already determined surfaces in the overlap of two scan stripes. The distance of the centre of gravity of two corresponding surfaces is colour coded according to the colours of the rainbow with a range of +/- 10 cm. If no surfaces have been determined because of e.g., vegetation and trees or missing data like for example lakes and rivers, no valuable information is available which is indicated by black or white coloured pixels. System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 10 of 25 4.1 Height difference plots Scan 231030_214717_2 vs. 231030_215124_2 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 11 of 25 Scan 231030_214717_1 vs. 231030_214717_2 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 12 of 25 Scan 231030_215124_1 vs. 231030_223424_1 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 13 of 25 Scan 231030_214717_1 vs. 231030_223855_2 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 14 of 25 Scan 231030_215620_2 vs. 231030_223855_2 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 15 of 25 Scan 231030_221709_2 vs. 231030_222144_2 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 16 of 25 Scan 231030_221305_1 vs. 231030_223039_1 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 17 of 25 Scan 231030_214717_1 vs. 231030_221709_2 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 18 of 25 Scan 231030_220019_2 vs. 231030_223039_2 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 19 of 25 Scan 231030_222611_1 vs. 231030_223424_1 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 20 of 25 Scan 231030_222144_2 vs. 231030_222611_1 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 21 of 25 Scan 231030_214717_2 vs. 231030_220019_2 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 22 of 25 Scan 231030_222611_2 vs. 231030_223855_1 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 23 of 25 5 Calibration Result In the following the boresight angles for laser scanner are specified. The results are an output of the iterative scan data adjustment algorithm and are also given in chapter 3 “RiPROCESS Scan Data Adjustment Protocol”. Applying the automated scan data adjustment algorithm, the following values of boresighting angles Scanner-IMU, according to the axis and their chirality of the aircraft defined in the ARINC 705 aviation standard (see chapter 5.2 “Excerpt of the ARINC 705 aviation standard:”), have been determined to be: 5.1 Boresight angles Scanner S2223065 - IMU Axis notation angle [deg] x - Roll c -0.03424 y - Pitch c 0.01621 z - Yaw c 0.30366 System Calibration VQ-1560II-S S2223065 RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH page 24 of 25 5.2 Excerpt of the ARINC 705 aviation standard: Definition of the axis of the aircraft-own coordinate system Positive values of roll angles mean a right handed rotation of the aircraft around the roll-axis (x) with respect to the local horizon Positive values of pitch angles mean a right-handed rotation around the pitch- axis (y) with respect to the local horizon. Positive values of yaw angles mean a right-handed rotation around the yaw- axis (z) with respect to Heading North. The ARINC 705 Standard – definition of roll-, pitch- and yaw angles with respect to the aircraft own coordinate system. 5.3 Residues after System Calibration The standard deviation of all residual errors determined by taking 119982 observations into account calculates to 0.0186 Meters (1.86 cm). Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #8 Commercial Aircraft Insurance Policy Number AIM2396855 Issued To Kisik Aerial Survey Inc Issued By Insurer Allianz Global Risks US Insurance Company 1600-130 Adelaide Street West, Toronto, Ontario, M5H 3P5 Your Broker Aon Reed Stenhouse Inc. Suite 1200, 401 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6B 5A1 The Insured is requested to read this Policy carefully, and if incorrect, then return it immediately for corrections. Declaration Page Policy: AIM2396855 Premium$33,100 Endorsement$45,450 Finance$0 Issuance$0 Total Due$78,550 You have made an application to us for coverage on your aircraft and Allianz Global Risks US Insurance Company agree to issue a Policy of insurance based on the details provided to us. This Declaration Page outlines the coverage that you purchased. The Policy attached to this Declaration Page defines the available coverages along with the terms, conditions and exclusions applicable to this Policy and Declaration Page. 1.Named Insured Kisik Aerial Survey Inc Unit No.3 4340 King St Delta, British Columbia V4K 0A5 2.Policy Period Commences at the address shown above at 12:01AM on February 19, 2023 and Expires at 12:01 AM on February 19, 2024. 3.Coverage The coverage under this Policy applies only to the coverage details listed below or as stated by endorsements attached. This policy contains a clause(s) which may limit the amount payable. For the purpose of the Insurance Companies Act (Canada), this document was issued in the course of Allianz Global Risks US Insurance Company's insurance business in Canada. Hull Coverage Purchased # Registration Make & Model of Aircraft Landplanea Skiplanea Floatplanea Coverage Purchased Deductible in Motion or Moored Deductible Not in Motion Premium 1 C-FKSK Piper, PA-23-250 $100,000 $0 $0 A $5,000 $5,000 $3,400 2 C-GXHK Piper, PA-31-350 $100,000 $0 $0 A $5,000 $5,000 $3,400 3 C-GXNF Piper, PA-23-250 $100,000 $0 $0 A $5,000 $5,000 $3,400 4 C-FVVS Piper, PA-31-350 $100,000 $0 $0 A $5,000 $5,000 $3,400 5 C-GRQH Piper, PA-31 $100,000 $0 $0 A $5,000 $5,000 $3,400 a Amount of Insurance when aircraft is operated on. Liability Coverage Purchased #Registration Passenger Seat Coverage Fa Each Occurrence Coverage Gb Each Person Coverage Gb Each Occurrence Coverage F & G Each Occurrence Premium 1 C-FKSK 2 None None None $5,000,000 $3,220 2 C-GXHK 2 None None None $5,000,000 $3,220 3 C-GXNF 2 None None None $5,000,000 $3,220 4 C-FVVS 2 None None None $5,000,000 $3,220 5 C-GRQH 2 None None None $5,000,000 $3,220 a Combined Bodily Injury and Property Damage. See Liability Section. b Passenger Bodily injury. See Liability Section. 4.Use of Your Aircraft The aircraft will be used for Commercial Excluding School and Rental 5.Approved Pilots Coverage under this Policy only applies when the pilot flying the aircraft is a. As approved by the Named Insured subject to no accidents/ violations and annual recurrent training. b. Any pilot exceeding the age of 70 must be referred to Insurers for review and consideration pending approval. 6.Owner of the Aircraft The Named Insured as shown in item 1 of this Declaration Page is the sole owner of the aircraft insured under this Policy and no other person has any financial interest in the aircraft except as stated as follows: No exception. This document dated February 21, 2023 has been signed and approved by: Aviation Specialty Group The Insurance described above is subject to the limitations, exclusions and conditions contained in the policies. By issuance of this certificate Aon Reed Stenhouse Inc. accepts no responsibility to maintain the coverage stated or advise of the termination of any policies. Aon Risk Solutions 401 West Georgia Street, Suite 1200 | Vancouver, British Columbia V6B 5A1 | Canada t +1.604.688.4442 | f +1.604.682.4026 | aon.ca Aon Risk Solutions is a trademark licensed for use by Aon Reed Stenhouse Inc. cc: Kisik Aerial Survey Inc. Andrew Que – Associate Broker CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE Certificate No: 029R To: To Whom it May Concern Dated: 10 March 2023 Updated 24 April 2023 THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT Insurance as described hereunder has been arranged on behalf of the Insured named herein and that such Insurance, at the date hereof, is in full force. Insured: Kisik Aerial Survey Inc. Effective: 19 February 2023 4340 King Street - Unit 3 Expiry: 19 February 2024 Delta, British Columbia V4K0A5, Canada Policy No. Company PCG10146 Lloyd's Underwriters via Linx \ Coverage (A) Commercial General Liability (Bodily Injury and Property Damage Legal Liability) Sum Insured Limit of Liability (A) Combined Single Limit CAD 10,000,000 Each occurrence and $20,000,000 General Aggregate (Including Products and Completed Operations Coverage $10,000,000 Aggregate Limit) Conditions Coverage Includes the following: - Cross Liability Clause - Non Owned Auto Liability SPF6 - $10,000,000 each occurrence - SEF94 Legal Liability for Damage to Hired Automobiles - $50,000 each occurrence - Tenants Legal Liability: $1,000,000 Limit - Personal and Advertising Injury Liability: $10,000,000 each occurrence - Medical Payments: $10,000 per person /$50,000 per accident All other terms and conditions as per policy issued on behalf of Insurers as noted above The Policy(ies) are subject to (Re)Insurers Liability Clause LMA 3333 21.06.07. Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #9 Kisik Aerial Survey Inc April 19, 2023 3-4340 King St DELTA, BC V4K 0A5 Person/Business : Account number : KISIK AERIAL SURVEY INC. KISIK AERIAL SURVEY 847169 This letter provides clearance information for the purposes of Section 258 of the Workers Compensation Act. We confirm that the above-referenced firm is active, in good standing, and has met WorkSafeBC's criteria for advance clearance. Accordingly, if the addressee on this letter is the prime contractor, the addressee will not be held liable for the amount of any assessment payable for work undertaken by the above-referenced firm to July 01, 2023. This firm has had continuous coverage with us since June 01, 2010. Employer Service Centre Assessment Department Clearance Reference # : C133888620 CLRAAA 6951 Westminster Highway Richmond BCV7C 1C6 www.worksafebc.com Telephone 604 244 6380 Toll Free within Canada1 888 922 2768 Fax 604 244 6390 Assessment Department Mailing Address Location Clearance Section PO Box 5350 Station TerminalVancouver BC V6B 5L5 To alter this document constitutes fraud. Please refer to your account number in your correspondence or when contacting the Assessment Department. - 1 - For more information about Section 258 and clearance letters visit WorkSafeBC.com Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #11 Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. October 2021) Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service Certificate of Status of Beneficial Owner for United States Tax Withholding and Reporting (Entities) ▶ For use by entities. Individuals must use Form W-8BEN. ▶ Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code. ▶ Go to www.irs.gov/FormW8BENE for instructions and the latest information. ▶ Give this form to the withholding agent or payer. Do not send to the IRS. OMB No. 1545-1621 Do NOT use this form for: Instead use Form: • U.S. entity or U.S. citizen or resident ................................ W-9 • A foreign individual ............................ W-8BEN (Individual) or Form 8233 • A foreign individual or entity claiming that income is effectively connected with the conduct of trade or business within the United States (unless claiming treaty benefits)................................. W-8ECI • A foreign partnership, a foreign simple trust, or a foreign grantor trust (unless claiming treaty benefits) (see instructions for exceptions) .. W-8IMY • A foreign government, international organization, foreign central bank of issue, foreign tax-exempt organization, foreign private foundation, or government of a U.S. possession claiming that income is effectively connected U.S. income or that is claiming the applicability of section(s) 115(2), 501(c), 892, 895, or 1443(b) (unless claiming treaty benefits) (see instructions for other exceptions) ......... W-8ECI or W-8EXP • Any person acting as an intermediary (including a qualified intermediary acting as a qualified derivatives dealer) ......... W-8IMY Part I Identification of Beneficial Owner 1 Name of organization that is the beneficial owner 2 Country of incorporation or organization 3 Name of disregarded entity receiving the payment (if applicable, see instructions) 4 Chapter 3 Status (entity type) (Must check one box only):Corporation Partnership Simple trust Tax-exempt organization Complex trust Foreign Government - Controlled Entity Central Bank of Issue Private foundation Estate Foreign Government - Integral Part Grantor trust Disregarded entity International organization If you entered disregarded entity, partnership, simple trust, or grantor trust above, is the entity a hybrid making a treaty claim? If “Yes,” complete Part III.Yes No 5 Chapter 4 Status (FATCA status) (See instructions for details and complete the certification below for the entity's applicable status.) Nonparticipating FFI (including an FFI related to a Reporting IGA FFI other than a deemed-compliant FFI, participating FFI, or exempt beneficial owner). Participating FFI. Reporting Model 1 FFI. Reporting Model 2 FFI. Registered deemed-compliant FFI (other than a reporting Model 1 FFI, sponsored FFI, or nonreporting IGA FFI covered in Part XII). See instructions. Sponsored FFI. Complete Part IV. Certified deemed-compliant nonregistering local bank. Complete Part V. Certified deemed-compliant FFI with only low-value accounts. Complete Part VI. Certified deemed-compliant sponsored, closely held investment vehicle. Complete Part VII. Certified deemed-compliant limited life debt investment entity. Complete Part VIII. Certain investment entities that do not maintain financial accounts. Complete Part IX. Owner-documented FFI. Complete Part X. Restricted distributor. Complete Part XI. Nonreporting IGA FFI. Complete Part XII. Foreign government, government of a U.S. possession, or foreign central bank of issue. Complete Part XIII. International organization. Complete Part XIV. Exempt retirement plans. Complete Part XV. Entity wholly owned by exempt beneficial owners. Complete Part XVI. Territory financial institution. Complete Part XVII. Excepted nonfinancial group entity. Complete Part XVIII. Excepted nonfinancial start-up company. Complete Part XIX. Excepted nonfinancial entity in liquidation or bankruptcy. Complete Part XX. 501(c) organization. Complete Part XXI. Nonprofit organization. Complete Part XXII. Publicly traded NFFE or NFFE affiliate of a publicly traded corporation. Complete Part XXIII. Excepted territory NFFE. Complete Part XXIV. Active NFFE. Complete Part XXV. Passive NFFE. Complete Part XXVI. Excepted inter-affiliate FFI. Complete Part XXVII. Direct reporting NFFE. Sponsored direct reporting NFFE. Complete Part XXVIII. Account that is not a financial account. 6 Permanent residence address (street, apt. or suite no., or rural route). Do not use a P.O. box or in-care-of address (other than a registered address). City or town, state or province. Include postal code where appropriate. Country 7 Mailing address (if different from above) City or town, state or province. Include postal code where appropriate. Country For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see separate instructions. Cat. No. 59689N Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021) Kisik Aerial Survey Inc.CANADA 4 UNIT #3 4340 KING STREET DELTA, BRITISH COLUMBIA CANADA Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021)Page 2 Part I Identification of Beneficial Owner (continued) 8 U.S. taxpayer identification number (TIN), if required 9a GIIN b Foreign TIN c Check if FTIN not legally required ......▶ 10 Reference number(s) (see instructions) Note: Please complete remainder of the form including signing the form in Part XXX. Part II Disregarded Entity or Branch Receiving Payment. (Complete only if a disregarded entity with a GIIN or a branch of an FFI in a country other than the FFI’s country of residence. See instructions.) 11 Chapter 4 Status (FATCA status) of disregarded entity or branch receiving payment Branch treated as nonparticipating FFI. Participating FFI. Reporting Model 1 FFI. Reporting Model 2 FFI. U.S. Branch. 12 Address of disregarded entity or branch (street, apt. or suite no., or rural route). Do not use a P.O. box or in-care-of address (other than a registered address). City or town, state or province. Include postal code where appropriate. Country 13 GIIN (if any) Part III Claim of Tax Treaty Benefits (if applicable). (For chapter 3 purposes only.) 14 I certify that (check all that apply): a The beneficial owner is a resident of within the meaning of the income tax treaty between the United States and that country. b The beneficial owner derives the item (or items) of income for which the treaty benefits are claimed, and, if applicable, meets the requirements of the treaty provision dealing with limitation on benefits. The following are types of limitation on benefits provisions that may be included in an applicable tax treaty (check only one; see instructions): Government Tax-exempt pension trust or pension fund Other tax-exempt organization Publicly traded corporation Subsidiary of a publicly traded corporation Company that meets the ownership and base erosion test Company that meets the derivative benefits test Company with an item of income that meets active trade or business test Favorable discretionary determination by the U.S. competent authority received No LOB article in treaty Other (specify Article and paragraph): c The beneficial owner is claiming treaty benefits for U.S. source dividends received from a foreign corporation or interest from a U.S. trade or business of a foreign corporation and meets qualified resident status (see instructions). 15 Special rates and conditions (if applicable—see instructions): The beneficial owner is claiming the provisions of Article and paragraph of the treaty identified on line 14a above to claim a % rate of withholding on (specify type of income): Explain the additional conditions in the Article the beneficial owner meets to be eligible for the rate of withholding: Part IV Sponsored FFI 16 Name of sponsoring entity: 17 Check whichever box applies. I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is an investment entity; • Is not a QI, WP (except to the extent permitted in the withholding foreign partnership agreement), or WT; and • Has agreed with the entity identified above (that is not a nonparticipating FFI) to act as the sponsoring entity for this entity. I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is a controlled foreign corporation as defined in section 957(a); • Is not a QI, WP, or WT; • Is wholly owned, directly or indirectly, by the U.S. financial institution identified above that agrees to act as the sponsoring entity for this entity; and • Shares a common electronic account system with the sponsoring entity (identified above) that enables the sponsoring entity to identify all account holders and payees of the entity and to access all account and customer information maintained by the entity including, but not limited to, customer identification information, customer documentation, account balance, and all payments made to account holders or payees. Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021) 98-1705305 85735 8030 4 CANADA 4 4 ARTICLE VII AND PARAGRAPH 1 0 BUSINESS PROFITS Kisik Aerial Survey Inc is a benificial resident of Canada able to avail itself of the US-Canada Tax Treaty. This entity does not have a permanent estblishment in the United States nor a United States trade of business and such their buisiness profits are only taxable in Canada. Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021)Page 3 Part V Certified Deemed-Compliant Nonregistering Local Bank 18 I certify that the FFI identified in Part I: • Operates and is licensed solely as a bank or credit union (or similar cooperative credit organization operated without profit) in its country of incorporation or organization; • Engages primarily in the business of receiving deposits from and making loans to, with respect to a bank, retail customers unrelated to such bank and, with respect to a credit union or similar cooperative credit organization, members, provided that no member has a greater than 5% interest in such credit union or cooperative credit organization; • Does not solicit account holders outside its country of organization; • Has no fixed place of business outside such country (for this purpose, a fixed place of business does not include a location that is not advertised to the public and from which the FFI performs solely administrative support functions); • Has no more than $175 million in assets on its balance sheet and, if it is a member of an expanded affiliated group, the group has no more than $500 million in total assets on its consolidated or combined balance sheets; and • Does not have any member of its expanded affiliated group that is a foreign financial institution, other than a foreign financial institution that is incorporated or organized in the same country as the FFI identified in Part I and that meets the requirements set forth in this part. Part VI Certified Deemed-Compliant FFI with Only Low-Value Accounts 19 I certify that the FFI identified in Part I: • Is not engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities, partnership interests, commodities, notional principal contracts, insurance or annuity contracts, or any interest (including a futures or forward contract or option) in such security, partnership interest, commodity, notional principal contract, insurance contract or annuity contract; • No financial account maintained by the FFI or any member of its expanded affiliated group, if any, has a balance or value in excess of $50,000 (as determined after applying applicable account aggregation rules); and • Neither the FFI nor the entire expanded affiliated group, if any, of the FFI, have more than $50 million in assets on its consolidated or combined balance sheet as of the end of its most recent accounting year. Part VII Certified Deemed-Compliant Sponsored, Closely Held Investment Vehicle 20 Name of sponsoring entity: 21 I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is an FFI solely because it is an investment entity described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(e)(4); • Is not a QI, WP, or WT; • Will have all of its due diligence, withholding, and reporting responsibilities (determined as if the FFI were a participating FFI) fulfilled by the sponsoring entity identified on line 20; and • 20 or fewer individuals own all of the debt and equity interests in the entity (disregarding debt interests owned by U.S. financial institutions, participating FFIs, registered deemed-compliant FFIs, and certified deemed-compliant FFIs and equity interests owned by an entity if that entity owns 100% of the equity interests in the FFI and is itself a sponsored FFI). Part VIII Certified Deemed-Compliant Limited Life Debt Investment Entity 22 I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Was in existence as of January 17, 2013; • Issued all classes of its debt or equity interests to investors on or before January 17, 2013, pursuant to a trust indenture or similar agreement; and • Is certified deemed-compliant because it satisfies the requirements to be treated as a limited life debt investment entity (such as the restrictions with respect to its assets and other requirements under Regulations section 1.1471-5(f)(2)(iv)). Part IX Certain Investment Entities that Do Not Maintain Financial Accounts 23 I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is a financial institution solely because it is an investment entity described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(e)(4)(i)(A), and • Does not maintain financial accounts. Part X Owner-Documented FFI Note: This status only applies if the U.S. financial institution, participating FFI, or reporting Model 1 FFI to which this form is given has agreed that it will treat the FFI as an owner-documented FFI (see instructions for eligibility requirements). In addition, the FFI must make the certifications below. 24a (All owner-documented FFIs check here) I certify that the FFI identified in Part I: • Does not act as an intermediary; • Does not accept deposits in the ordinary course of a banking or similar business; • Does not hold, as a substantial portion of its business, financial assets for the account of others; • Is not an insurance company (or the holding company of an insurance company) that issues or is obligated to make payments with respect to a financial account; • Is not owned by or in an expanded affiliated group with an entity that accepts deposits in the ordinary course of a banking or similar business, holds, as a substantial portion of its business, financial assets for the account of others, or is an insurance company (or the holding company of an insurance company) that issues or is obligated to make payments with respect to a financial account; • Does not maintain a financial account for any nonparticipating FFI; and • Does not have any specified U.S. persons that own an equity interest or debt interest (other than a debt interest that is not a financial account or that has a balance or value not exceeding $50,000) in the FFI other than those identified on the FFI owner reporting statement. Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021) Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021)Page 4 Part X Owner-Documented FFI (continued) Check box 24b or 24c, whichever applies. b I certify that the FFI identified in Part I: • Has provided, or will provide, an FFI owner reporting statement that contains: (i)The name, address, TIN (if any), chapter 4 status, and type of documentation provided (if required) of every individual and specified U.S. person that owns a direct or indirect equity interest in the owner-documented FFI (looking through all entities other than specified U.S. persons); (ii)The name, address, TIN (if any), and chapter 4 status of every individual and specified U.S. person that owns a debt interest in the owner-documented FFI (including any indirect debt interest, which includes debt interests in any entity that directly or indirectly owns the payee or any direct or indirect equity interest in a debt holder of the payee) that constitutes a financial account in excess of $50,000 (disregarding all such debt interests owned by participating FFIs, registered deemed-compliant FFIs, certified deemed- compliant FFIs, excepted NFFEs, exempt beneficial owners, or U.S. persons other than specified U.S. persons); and (iii) Any additional information the withholding agent requests in order to fulfill its obligations with respect to the entity. • Has provided, or will provide, valid documentation meeting the requirements of Regulations section 1.1471-3(d)(6)(iii) for each person identified in the FFI owner reporting statement. c I certify that the FFI identified in Part I has provided, or will provide, an auditor's letter, signed within 4 years of the date of payment, from an independent accounting firm or legal representative with a location in the United States stating that the firm or representative has reviewed the FFI’s documentation with respect to all of its owners and debt holders identified in Regulations section 1.1471-3(d)(6)(iv)(A)(2), and that the FFI meets all the requirements to be an owner-documented FFI. The FFI identified in Part I has also provided, or will provide, an FFI owner reporting statement of its owners that are specified U.S. persons and Form(s) W-9, with applicable waivers. Check box 24d if applicable (optional, see instructions). d I certify that the entity identified on line 1 is a trust that does not have any contingent beneficiaries or designated classes with unidentified beneficiaries. Part XI Restricted Distributor 25a (All restricted distributors check here) I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Operates as a distributor with respect to debt or equity interests of the restricted fund with respect to which this form is furnished; • Provides investment services to at least 30 customers unrelated to each other and less than half of its customers are related to each other; • Is required to perform AML due diligence procedures under the anti-money laundering laws of its country of organization (which is an FATF- compliant jurisdiction); • Operates solely in its country of incorporation or organization, has no fixed place of business outside of that country, and has the same country of incorporation or organization as all members of its affiliated group, if any; • Does not solicit customers outside its country of incorporation or organization; • Has no more than $175 million in total assets under management and no more than $7 million in gross revenue on its income statement for the most recent accounting year; • Is not a member of an expanded affiliated group that has more than $500 million in total assets under management or more than $20 million in gross revenue for its most recent accounting year on a combined or consolidated income statement; and • Does not distribute any debt or securities of the restricted fund to specified U.S. persons, passive NFFEs with one or more substantial U.S. owners, or nonparticipating FFIs. Check box 25b or 25c, whichever applies. I further certify that with respect to all sales of debt or equity interests in the restricted fund with respect to which this form is furnished that are made after December 31, 2011, the entity identified in Part I: b Has been bound by a distribution agreement that contained a general prohibition on the sale of debt or securities to U.S. entities and U.S. resident individuals and is currently bound by a distribution agreement that contains a prohibition of the sale of debt or securities to any specified U.S. person, passive NFFE with one or more substantial U.S. owners, or nonparticipating FFI. c Is currently bound by a distribution agreement that contains a prohibition on the sale of debt or securities to any specified U.S. person, passive NFFE with one or more substantial U.S. owners, or nonparticipating FFI and, for all sales made prior to the time that such a restriction was included in its distribution agreement, has reviewed all accounts related to such sales in accordance with the procedures identified in Regulations section 1.1471-4(c) applicable to preexisting accounts and has redeemed or retired any, or caused the restricted fund to transfer the securities to a distributor that is a participating FFI or reporting Model 1 FFI securities which were sold to specified U.S. persons, passive NFFEs with one or more substantial U.S. owners, or nonparticipating FFIs. Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021) Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021)Page 5 Part XII Nonreporting IGA FFI 26 I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Meets the requirements to be considered a nonreporting financial institution pursuant to an applicable IGA between the United States and . The applicable IGA is a Model 1 IGA or a Model 2 IGA; and is treated as a under the provisions of the applicable IGA or Treasury regulations (if applicable, see instructions); • If you are a trustee documented trust or a sponsored entity, provide the name of the trustee or sponsor . The trustee is:U.S.Foreign Part XIII Foreign Government, Government of a U.S. Possession, or Foreign Central Bank of Issue 27 I certify that the entity identified in Part I is the beneficial owner of the payment, and is not engaged in commercial financial activities of a type engaged in by an insurance company, custodial institution, or depository institution with respect to the payments, accounts, or obligations for which this form is submitted (except as permitted in Regulations section 1.1471-6(h)(2)). Part XIV International Organization Check box 28a or 28b, whichever applies. 28a I certify that the entity identified in Part I is an international organization described in section 7701(a)(18). b I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is comprised primarily of foreign governments; • Is recognized as an intergovernmental or supranational organization under a foreign law similar to the International Organizations Immunities Act or that has in effect a headquarters agreement with a foreign government; • The benefit of the entity’s income does not inure to any private person; and • Is the beneficial owner of the payment and is not engaged in commercial financial activities of a type engaged in by an insurance company, custodial institution, or depository institution with respect to the payments, accounts, or obligations for which this form is submitted (except as permitted in Regulations section 1.1471-6(h)(2)). Part XV Exempt Retirement Plans Check box 29a, b, c, d, e, or f, whichever applies. 29a I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is established in a country with which the United States has an income tax treaty in force (see Part III if claiming treaty benefits); • Is operated principally to administer or provide pension or retirement benefits; and • Is entitled to treaty benefits on income that the fund derives from U.S. sources (or would be entitled to benefits if it derived any such income) as a resident of the other country which satisfies any applicable limitation on benefits requirement. b I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is organized for the provision of retirement, disability, or death benefits (or any combination thereof) to beneficiaries that are former employees of one or more employers in consideration for services rendered; • No single beneficiary has a right to more than 5% of the FFI’s assets; • Is subject to government regulation and provides annual information reporting about its beneficiaries to the relevant tax authorities in the country in which the fund is established or operated; and (i)Is generally exempt from tax on investment income under the laws of the country in which it is established or operates due to its status as a retirement or pension plan; (ii)Receives at least 50% of its total contributions from sponsoring employers (disregarding transfers of assets from other plans described in this part, retirement and pension accounts described in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA, other retirement funds described in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA, or accounts described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(b)(2)(i)(A)); (iii) Either does not permit or penalizes distributions or withdrawals made before the occurrence of specified events related to retirement, disability, or death (except rollover distributions to accounts described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(b)(2)(i)(A) (referring to retirement and pension accounts), to retirement and pension accounts described in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA, or to other retirement funds described in this part or in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA); or (iv) Limits contributions by employees to the fund by reference to earned income of the employee or may not exceed $50,000 annually. c I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is organized for the provision of retirement, disability, or death benefits (or any combination thereof) to beneficiaries that are former employees of one or more employers in consideration for services rendered; • Has fewer than 50 participants; • Is sponsored by one or more employers each of which is not an investment entity or passive NFFE; • Employee and employer contributions to the fund (disregarding transfers of assets from other plans described in this part, retirement and pension accounts described in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA, or accounts described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(b)(2)(i)(A)) are limited by reference to earned income and compensation of the employee, respectively; • Participants that are not residents of the country in which the fund is established or operated are not entitled to more than 20% of the fund’s assets; and • Is subject to government regulation and provides annual information reporting about its beneficiaries to the relevant tax authorities in the country in which the fund is established or operates. Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021) Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021)Page 6 Part XV Exempt Retirement Plans (continued) d I certify that the entity identified in Part I is formed pursuant to a pension plan that would meet the requirements of section 401(a), other than the requirement that the plan be funded by a trust created or organized in the United States. e I certify that the entity identified in Part I is established exclusively to earn income for the benefit of one or more retirement funds described in this part or in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA, or accounts described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(b)(2)(i)(A) (referring to retirement and pension accounts), or retirement and pension accounts described in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA. f I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is established and sponsored by a foreign government, international organization, central bank of issue, or government of a U.S. possession (each as defined in Regulations section 1.1471-6) or an exempt beneficial owner described in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA to provide retirement, disability, or death benefits to beneficiaries or participants that are current or former employees of the sponsor (or persons designated by such employees); or • Is established and sponsored by a foreign government, international organization, central bank of issue, or government of a U.S. possession (each as defined in Regulations section 1.1471-6) or an exempt beneficial owner described in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA to provide retirement, disability, or death benefits to beneficiaries or participants that are not current or former employees of such sponsor, but are in consideration of personal services performed for the sponsor. Part XVI Entity Wholly Owned by Exempt Beneficial Owners 30 I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is an FFI solely because it is an investment entity; • Each direct holder of an equity interest in the investment entity is an exempt beneficial owner described in Regulations section 1.1471-6 or in an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA; • Each direct holder of a debt interest in the investment entity is either a depository institution (with respect to a loan made to such entity) or an exempt beneficial owner described in Regulations section 1.1471-6 or an applicable Model 1 or Model 2 IGA. • Has provided an owner reporting statement that contains the name, address, TIN (if any), chapter 4 status, and a description of the type of documentation provided to the withholding agent for every person that owns a debt interest constituting a financial account or direct equity interest in the entity; and • Has provided documentation establishing that every owner of the entity is an entity described in Regulations section 1.1471-6(b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and/or (g) without regard to whether such owners are beneficial owners. Part XVII Territory Financial Institution 31 I certify that the entity identified in Part I is a financial institution (other than an investment entity) that is incorporated or organized under the laws of a possession of the United States. Part XVIII Excepted Nonfinancial Group Entity 32 I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is a holding company, treasury center, or captive finance company and substantially all of the entity’s activities are functions described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(e)(5)(i)(C) through (E); • Is a member of a nonfinancial group described in Regulations section 1.1471-5(e)(5)(i)(B); • Is not a depository or custodial institution (other than for members of the entity’s expanded affiliated group); and • Does not function (or hold itself out) as an investment fund, such as a private equity fund, venture capital fund, leveraged buyout fund, or any investment vehicle with an investment strategy to acquire or fund companies and then hold interests in those companies as capital assets for investment purposes. Part XIX Excepted Nonfinancial Start-Up Company 33 I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Was formed on (or, in the case of a new line of business, the date of board resolution approving the new line of business) (date must be less than 24 months prior to date of payment); • Is not yet operating a business and has no prior operating history or is investing capital in assets with the intent to operate a new line of business other than that of a financial institution or passive NFFE; • Is investing capital into assets with the intent to operate a business other than that of a financial institution; and • Does not function (or hold itself out) as an investment fund, such as a private equity fund, venture capital fund, leveraged buyout fund, or any investment vehicle whose purpose is to acquire or fund companies and then hold interests in those companies as capital assets for investment purposes. Part XX Excepted Nonfinancial Entity in Liquidation or Bankruptcy 34 I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Filed a plan of liquidation, filed a plan of reorganization, or filed for bankruptcy on ; • During the past 5 years has not been engaged in business as a financial institution or acted as a passive NFFE; • Is either liquidating or emerging from a reorganization or bankruptcy with the intent to continue or recommence operations as a nonfinancial entity; and • Has, or will provide, documentary evidence such as a bankruptcy filing or other public documentation that supports its claim if it remains in bankruptcy or liquidation for more than 3 years. Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021) Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021)Page 7 Part XXI 501(c) Organization 35 I certify that the entity identified in Part I is a 501(c) organization that: • Has been issued a determination letter from the IRS that is currently in effect concluding that the payee is a section 501(c) organization that is dated ; or • Has provided a copy of an opinion from U.S. counsel certifying that the payee is a section 501(c) organization (without regard to whether the payee is a foreign private foundation). Part XXII Nonprofit Organization 36 I certify that the entity identified in Part I is a nonprofit organization that meets the following requirements. • The entity is established and maintained in its country of residence exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, artistic, cultural or educational purposes; • The entity is exempt from income tax in its country of residence; • The entity has no shareholders or members who have a proprietary or beneficial interest in its income or assets; • Neither the applicable laws of the entity’s country of residence nor the entity’s formation documents permit any income or assets of the entity to be distributed to, or applied for the benefit of, a private person or noncharitable entity other than pursuant to the conduct of the entity’s charitable activities or as payment of reasonable compensation for services rendered or payment representing the fair market value of property which the entity has purchased; and • The applicable laws of the entity’s country of residence or the entity’s formation documents require that, upon the entity’s liquidation or dissolution, all of its assets be distributed to an entity that is a foreign government, an integral part of a foreign government, a controlled entity of a foreign government, or another organization that is described in this part or escheats to the government of the entity’s country of residence or any political subdivision thereof. Part XXIII Publicly Traded NFFE or NFFE Affiliate of a Publicly Traded Corporation Check box 37a or 37b, whichever applies. 37a I certify that: • The entity identified in Part I is a foreign corporation that is not a financial institution; and • The stock of such corporation is regularly traded on one or more established securities markets, including (name one securities exchange upon which the stock is regularly traded). b I certify that: • The entity identified in Part I is a foreign corporation that is not a financial institution; • The entity identified in Part I is a member of the same expanded affiliated group as an entity the stock of which is regularly traded on an established securities market; • The name of the entity, the stock of which is regularly traded on an established securities market, is ; and • The name of the securities market on which the stock is regularly traded is . Part XXIV Excepted Territory NFFE 38 I certify that: • The entity identified in Part I is an entity that is organized in a possession of the United States; • The entity identified in Part I: (i)Does not accept deposits in the ordinary course of a banking or similar business; (ii)Does not hold, as a substantial portion of its business, financial assets for the account of others; or (iii) Is not an insurance company (or the holding company of an insurance company) that issues or is obligated to make payments with respect to a financial account; and • All of the owners of the entity identified in Part I are bona fide residents of the possession in which the NFFE is organized or incorporated. Part XXV Active NFFE 39 I certify that: • The entity identified in Part I is a foreign entity that is not a financial institution; • Less than 50% of such entity’s gross income for the preceding calendar year is passive income; and • Less than 50% of the assets held by such entity are assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income (calculated as a weighted average of the percentage of passive assets measured quarterly) (see instructions for the definition of passive income). Part XXVI Passive NFFE 40a I certify that the entity identified in Part I is a foreign entity that is not a financial institution (other than an investment entity organized in a possession of the United States) and is not certifying its status as a publicly traded NFFE (or affiliate), excepted territory NFFE, active NFFE, direct reporting NFFE, or sponsored direct reporting NFFE. Check box 40b or 40c, whichever applies. b I further certify that the entity identified in Part I has no substantial U.S. owners (or, if applicable, no controlling U.S. persons); or c I further certify that the entity identified in Part I has provided the name, address, and TIN of each substantial U.S. owner (or, if applicable, controlling U.S. person) of the NFFE in Part XXIX. Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021) Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021)Page 8 Part XXVII Excepted Inter-Affiliate FFI 41 I certify that the entity identified in Part I: • Is a member of an expanded affiliated group; • Does not maintain financial accounts (other than accounts maintained for members of its expanded affiliated group); • Does not make withholdable payments to any person other than to members of its expanded affiliated group; • Does not hold an account (other than depository accounts in the country in which the entity is operating to pay for expenses) with or receive payments from any withholding agent other than a member of its expanded affiliated group; and • Has not agreed to report under Regulations section 1.1471-4(d)(2)(ii)(C) or otherwise act as an agent for chapter 4 purposes on behalf of any financial institution, including a member of its expanded affiliated group. Part XXVIII Sponsored Direct Reporting NFFE (see instructions for when this is permitted) 42 Name of sponsoring entity: 43 I certify that the entity identified in Part I is a direct reporting NFFE that is sponsored by the entity identified on line 42. Part XXIX Substantial U.S. Owners of Passive NFFE As required by Part XXVI, provide the name, address, and TIN of each substantial U.S. owner of the NFFE. Please see the instructions for a definition of substantial U.S. owner. If providing the form to an FFI treated as a reporting Model 1 FFI or reporting Model 2 FFI, an NFFE may also use this part for reporting its controlling U.S. persons under an applicable IGA. Name Address TIN Part XXX Certification Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have examined the information on this form and to the best of my knowledge and belief it is true, correct, and complete. I further certify under penalties of perjury that: • The entity identified on line 1 of this form is the beneficial owner of all the income or proceeds to which this form relates, is using this form to certify its status for chapter 4 purposes, or is submitting this form for purposes of section 6050W or 6050Y; • The entity identified on line 1 of this form is not a U.S. person; • This form relates to: (a) income not effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States, (b) income effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States but is not subject to tax under an income tax treaty, (c) the partner’s share of a partnership’s effectively connected taxable income, or (d) the partner’s amount realized from the transfer of a partnership interest subject to withholding under section 1446(f); and • For broker transactions or barter exchanges, the beneficial owner is an exempt foreign person as defined in the instructions. Furthermore, I authorize this form to be provided to any withholding agent that has control, receipt, or custody of the income of which the entity on line 1 is the beneficial owner or any withholding agent that can disburse or make payments of the income of which the entity on line 1 is the beneficial owner. I agree that I will submit a new form within 30 days if any certification on this form becomes incorrect. I certify that I have the capacity to sign for the entity identified on line 1 of this form. Sign Here ▲Signature of individual authorized to sign for beneficial owner Print Name Date (MM-DD-YYYY) Form W-8BEN-E (Rev. 10-2021) Andrew Naysmith 08-22-2022 Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #12 Aeroquest Mapcon Inc. 1214 Austin Avenue, Coquitlam BC | V3K 3P5 | Canada Tel: + 1 778.383.3733 I Fax: + 1 604.931.2026 I www.aeroquestmapcon.com Kisik Aerial Survey Inc. 4340 King St Unit 3 Delta, BC V4K 0A5 Tel: 604.821.9915 09 March 2023 Re: Reference Letter Dear Mr. Naysmith, This reference letter is to acknowledge that Aeroquest Mapcon Inc has worked with Kîsik for the last twelve (12) years and has been a trusted acquisition provider of both airborne photo and LiDAR data, delivering timely and consistent data and deliverables of the highest quality and accuracy. In the last three years Kîsik has acquired over 200,000 km2 of airborne data for Mapcon on both private and public contracts in numerous states and provinces; including Municipal, Provincial and Federal contracts. Kîsik’s airborne deliverable data and final deliverables consistently meets the highest level of accuracy specifications (GeoBC Provincial Specifications). Kîsik continues to be a proven and trusted partner for Aeroquest Mapcon and have no reservations on continuing to contract future projects to, as well as providing a comprehensive letter of reference and recommendation for. Should you have any further questions or wish to discuss anything further, please don’t hesitate to reach out. Sincerely, Andrew Dawson General Manager Tel: 778.688.0579 Email: adawson@aeroquestmapcon.com Finance & Administration P: 250-914-4055 PO Box 25039 F: 250-914-4057 Campbell River BC V9W 0B7 To whom it may concern, Over the last six years, Hakai Institute (“Hakai”) and one of its academic partners (University of Northern British Columbia - UNBC) have collaborated with Kîsik Aerial Survey Inc. to mobilize fixed wing aircraft and acquire airborne LiDAR, photo and hyperspectral imagery data. This work has been completed safely, on time and yielded data of high quality and accuracy. The Hakai Institute, specializing in environmental research and community engagement, with First Nations in particular, is a division of the Tula Foundation (“Tula”), which is a BC-based Registered Charity. Tula has an annual budget of $18 million, with approximately $15M allocated to Hakai, and approximately 140 employees. Tula’s endowment ensures that it will be sustainable for the next decade and beyond. Over the past four years, Kîsik & Hakai have, collectively, flown and acquired over 50,000 km2 of airborne data, which is used for informing and understanding changing ecosystems and glacial environments in Western North America. Kîsik continues to be a proven and trusted partner for Hakai; I have no reservations on continuing to work together on future projects. This letter of reference and recommendation for their independent business endeavors serves as a testament to the solid, working relationship that both organizations have. Should you have any further questions or wish to discuss anything further, please do not hesitate to contact me. Sincerely, Derek Heathfield Manager, Geospatial Technologies Hakai Institute // Tula Foundation Victoria, BC Canada Email: derek@hakai.org Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (“DFO”) has worked directly with Kîsik for the last 10 years as a trusted provider of both airborne photo and LiDAR projects, delivering timely and consistent data of the highest quality and accuracy. Over the past few years Kîsik has acquired many project sites throughout the Pacific Region for DFO and provided final deliverables such as: 1. Classified Point Cloud 2. Digital Elevation Models (“DEM”) 3. Digital Surface Models (“DSM”) 4. Spectral Encoded Point Cloud 5. Contours 6. Hydro-flattened DEMs 7. High Resolution Digital Aerial Imagery These deliverables have been key in enhancing program delivery in many areas of departmental operations including asset management, environmental assessment, strategic planning, and most importantly engineering and construction activities. Additionally, DFO sites are often remote and provide challenging conditions for acquisition and Kîsik is always able to deliver superior products. DFO enjoys working closely with Kîsik, and they continue to be a proven and trusted partner. We have no reservations on continuing to work together on future projects, as well as providing a comprehensive letter of reference and recommendation for. Should you have any further questions or wish to discuss anything further, please don’t hesitate to reach out. Regards, Matthew Barker, B.Sc Senior Project Technologist and Geomatics Technical Specialist Real Property Safety and Security – Technical Services (PSSI) Fisheries & Oceans Canada 9860 West Saanich Rd. Sidney BC V8L 4B2 Cell: 250-480-9572 Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #13 RIEGLRIEGL VQ-1560 II-S VQ-1560 II-S Dual Channel Waveform Processing Airborne LiDAR Scanning System for High Point Density Mapping and Ultra-Wide Area Mapping Airborne Laser Scanning visit our website www.riegl.com The VQ-1560II-S follows the successful concept of RIEGL’s proven dual channel laser scanner series. With increased laser power the operational altitudes are extended up to 1700 m AGL at a pulse repetition rate of 4MHz, or up to 3900 m AGL at a pulse repetition rate of 540kHz (all values given for 20% target reflectance). These improved maximum ranges allow an increase of the system’s productivity by about 25% for a very attractive point density range. Laser pulse repetition rates can be fine-tuned in 12kHz steps, enabling subtle optimization of acquisition parameters in order to meet specific project requirements. Its unique “cross-fire” scan pattern and its wide operational range make the instrument the most versatile airborne laser scanner on the market today. It is perfectly suited for any kind of application – from ultra-dense corridor mapping from low altitudes, over high resolution city mapping with minimum shadowing effects in narrow street canyons, to large-scale wide area mapping at utmost efficiency of up to 1130km² per hour at a density of 4 points per square meter. The system is equipped with a seamlessly integrated high performance IMU/GNSS unit and e.g. an optional 150 megapixel RGB camera integrated in the primary camera bay. Optionally, a second camera, e.g. a thermal camera or a 150 megapixel near-infrared camera, can be integrated on request. The design of the compact housing features a mounting flange for interfacing with typical hatches or gyro-stabilized leveling mounts. •high laser pulse repetition rate up to 4 MHz •up to 2.66 million measurements per second on the ground •offers highly efficient data acquisition at a wide range of point densities •two waveform processing LiDAR channels offering excellent multiple target detection capability •enables Multiple-Time-Around (MTA) processing of up to 45 pulses simultaneously in the air •excellent suppression of atmospheric clutter •online waveform processing as well as smart and full waveform recording •integrated inertial measurement unit and GNSS receiver •integrated, easily accessible medium format camera •prepared for integration of a secondary camera •high-speed fiber data interface to RIEGL data recorder •housing shape and mounting flange optimized for interfacing with typical hatches and stabilized platforms •detachable handgrips for facilitated handling Applications: • Ultra Wide Area / High Altitude Mapping •Ultra-High Point Density Mapping • Mapping of Complex Urban Environments •Glacier & Snowfield Mapping • City Modeling •Mapping of Lakesides & River Banks •Agriculture & Forestry •Corridor Mapping ®® Data Sheet RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S Scan Pattern RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S Elements of Function and Operation aperture of primary camera (RGB) mounting flange cooling air outlets IMU bay connectors for power supply and data interface desiccant cartridges carrying handles aperture of laser channel #2 aperture of laser channel #1 aperture of secondary camera Each channel delivers straight parallel scan lines. The scan lines of the two channels are tilted against each other by 28 degrees providing an optimum distribution of the measurements on the ground invariant to changes in terrain height. 28° 58° effective FOV Tilt Angle of Scan Lines ± 14° Forward/Backward Scan Angle in Non-Nadir Direction ± 8° at the edge Data SheetCopyright RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH © 2022– All rights reserved.2 RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S Main Dimensions Data Sheet Copyright RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH © 2022– All rights reserved.3 RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S System Components A minimum number of system components and external cabling is required for an easy and quick installation in aircrafts. RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S Installation Examples RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S installed in the nose pod of fixed-wing aircraft DA42 MPP RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S installed on GSM-4000 gyro-stabilized platform to be used in a helicopter or fixed-wing aircraft 4 Data SheetCopyright RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH © 2022– All rights reserved. Data Sheet Copyright RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH © 2022– All rights reserved.5 Measurement Range & Point Density RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S The following conditions are assumed for the Operating Flight Altitude AGL• ambiguity resolved by multiple-time-around (MTA) processing Assumptions for calculation of the Area Acquisition Rate• 20% overlap of neighboring flight strips. This overlap covers a roll angle of ±5° or a reduction of flight altitude AGL of 20%.• target size ≥ laser footprint• effective FOV 58°• average ambient brightness• roll angle ±5° Typical ENOHD• Calculated under assumption of an angular step width of 0.012° and an aircraft speed higher than 10kn. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Target Reflectance [%] 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 Max. Measurement Range [m]Typical ENOHD dry asphaltwet iceterra cottaconiferous treesdeciduous treescliffs, sand, masonrydry snowwhite plaster work, limestoneLaser PRR = 2x270kHz, laser power level 100% visibility 40 km visibility 23 km visibility 15 km 0 409 819 1220 1630 2040 2450 2860 3270 3680 4090 4500 4910 5320 5730 6140 6550 Operating Flight Altitude [m]0 1340 2680 4030 5370 6710 8060 9400 10700 12000 13400 14700 16100 17400 18800 20100 21500 Operating Flight Altitude [ft]0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Target Reflectance [%] 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 Max. Measurement Range [m]Typical ENOHD dry asphaltwet iceterra cottaconiferous treesdeciduous treescliffs, sand, masonrydry snowwhite plaster work, limestoneLaser PRR = 2x500kHz, laser power level 100% visibility 40 km visibility 23 km visibility 15 km 0 409 819 1220 1630 2040 2450 2860 3270 3680 4090 4500 4910 5320 Operating Flight Altitude [m]0 1340 2680 4030 5370 6710 8060 9400 10700 12000 13400 14700 16100 17400 Operating Flight Altitude [ft]0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Target Reflectance [%] 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 Max. Measurement Range [m]Typical ENOHD dry asphaltwet iceterra cottaconiferous treesdeciduous treescliffs, sand, masonrydry snowwhite plaster work, limestoneLaser PRR = 2x1000kHz, laser power level 100% visibility 40 km visibility 23 km visibility 15 km 0 409 819 1220 1630 2040 2450 2860 3270 3680 4090 Operating Flight Altitude [m]0 1340 2680 4030 5370 6710 8060 9400 10700 12000 13400 Operating Flight Altitude [ft]Example: VQ-1560 II-S at 2 x 1,000,000 pulses/sec, laser power level 100% Altitude 5,100 ft AGL, Speed 110 kn Results: Point Density ~ 13.53 pts/m² Area Acquisition Rate ~ 284 km²/h Example: VQ-1560 II-S at 2 x 270,000 pulses/sec, laser power level 100% Altitude 11,500 ft AGL, Speed 160 kn Results: Point Density ~ 1.11 pts/m² Area Acquisition Rate ~ 931 km²/h Example: VQ-1560 II-S at 2 x 500,000 pulses/sec, laser power level 100% Altitude 10,300 ft AGL, Speed 140 kn Results: Point Density ~ 2.63 pts/m² Area Acquisition Rate ~ 730 km²/h Data SheetCopyright RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH © 2022– All rights reserved.6 Measurement Range & Point Density RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S The following conditions are assumed for the Operating Flight Altitude AGL• ambiguity resolved by multiple-time-around (MTA) processing Assumptions for calculation of the Area Acquisition Rate• 20% overlap of neighboring flight strips. This overlap covers a roll angle of ±5° or a reduction of flight altitude AGL of 20%.• target size ≥ laser footprint• effective FOV 58°• average ambient brightness• roll angle ±5° Typical ENOHD• Calculated under assumption of an angular step width of 0.012° and an aircraft speed higher than 10kn. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Target Reflectance [%] 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 Max. Measurement Range [m]Typical ENOHD dry asphaltwet iceterra cottaconiferous treesdeciduous treescliffs, sand, masonrydry snowwhite plaster work, limestoneLaser PRR = 2x2000kHz, laser power level 100% visibility 40 km visibility 23 km visibility 15 km 0 163 327 491 655 819 982 1140 1310 1470 1630 1800 1960 2120 2290 2450 2620 2780 2940 3110 Operating Flight Altitude [m]0 537 1070 1610 2150 2680 3220 3760 4300 4830 5370 5910 6450 6980 7520 8060 8600 9130 9670 10200 Operating Flight Altitude [ft]0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Target Reflectance [%] 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 Max. Measurement Range [m]Typical ENOHD dry asphaltwet iceterra cottaconiferous treesdeciduous treescliffs, sand, masonrydry snowwhite plaster work, limestoneLaser PRR = 2x2000kHz, laser power level 50% visibility 40 km visibility 23 km visibility 15 km 0 163 327 491 655 819 982 1140 1310 1470 1630 1800 1960 2120 2290 Operating Flight Altitude [m]0 537 1070 1610 2150 2680 3220 3760 4300 4830 5370 5910 6450 6980 7520 Operating Flight Altitude [ft]0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Target Reflectance [%] 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Max. Measurement Range [m]Typical ENOHD dry asphaltwet iceterra cottaconiferous treesdeciduous treescliffs, sand, masonrydry snowwhite plaster work, limestoneLaser PRR = 2x2000kHz, laser power level 25% visibility 40 km visibility 23 km visibility 15 km 0 163 327 491 655 819 982 1140 1310 1470 1630 Operating Flight Altitude [m]0 537 1070 1610 2150 2680 3220 3760 4300 4830 5370 Operating Flight Altitude [ft]Example: VQ-1560 II-S at 2 x 2,000,000 pulses/sec, laser power level 100% Altitude 5,500 ft AGL, Speed 170 kn Results: Point Density ~ 16.23 pts/m² Area Acquisition Rate ~ 473 km²/h Example: VQ-1560 II-S at 2 x 2,000,000 pulses/sec, laser power level 50% Altitude 5,100 ft AGL, Speed 150 kn Results: Point Density ~ 19.84 pts/m² Area Acquisition Rate ~ 387 km²/h Example: VQ-1560 II-S at 2 x 2,000,000 pulses/sec, laser power level 25% Altitude 2,900 ft AGL, Speed 120 kn Results: Point Density ~ 43.62 pts/m² Area Acquisition Rate ~ 176 km²/h Measurement Range & Point Density RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S The following conditions are assumed for the Operating Flight Altitude AGL• ambiguity resolved by multiple-time-around (MTA) processing Assumptions for calculation of the Area Acquisition Rate• 20% overlap of neighboring flight strips. This overlap covers a roll angle of ±5° or a reduction of flight altitude AGL of 20%.• target size ≥ laser footprint• effective FOV 58°• average ambient brightness• roll angle ±5° Typical ENOHD• Calculated under assumption of an angular step width of 0.012° and an aircraft speed higher than 10kn. Example: VQ-1560 II-S at 2 x 2,000,000 pulses/sec, laser power level 12% Altitude 2,500 ft AGL, Speed 115 kn Results: Point Density ~ 52.8 pts/m² Area Acquisition Rate ~ 145 km²/h Example: VQ-1560 II-S at 2 x 2,000,000 pulses/sec, laser power level 6% Altitude 2,500 ft AGL, Speed 100 kn Results: Point Density ~ 60.72 pts/m² Area Acquisition Rate ~ 126 km²/h 7Data Sheet Copyright RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH © 2022– All rights reserved. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Target Reflectance [%] 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 Max. Measurement Range [m]Typical ENOHD dry asphaltwet iceterra cottaconiferous treesdeciduous treescliffs, sand, masonrydry snowwhite plaster work, limestoneLaser PRR = 2x2000kHz, laser power level 12% visibility 40 km visibility 23 km visibility 15 km 0 81 163 245 327 409 491 573 655 737 819 901 982 1060 1140 1220 Operating Flight Altitude [m]0 268 537 806 1070 1340 1610 1880 2150 2410 2680 2950 3220 3490 3760 4030 Operating Flight Altitude [ft]0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Target Reflectance [%] 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 Max. Measurement Range [m]Typical ENOHD dry asphaltwet iceterra cottaconiferous treesdeciduous treescliffs, sand, masonrydry snowwhite plaster work, limestoneLaser PRR = 2x2000kHz, laser power level 6% visibility 40 km visibility 23 km visibility 15 km 0 81 163 245 327 409 491 573 655 737 819 901 Operating Flight Altitude [m]0 268 537 806 1070 1340 1610 1880 2150 2410 2680 2950 Operating Flight Altitude [ft] 8 Data SheetCopyright RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH © 2022– All rights reserved. RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S Productivity Examples 1) Average Point Density 2 pts/m2 8 pts/m2 20 pts/m2 60 pts/m2 Flight Altitude 8100 ft 5820 ft 3990 ft 2490 ft 2690 m 1770 m 1220 m 760 m Ground Speed 300 kn 300 kn 190 kn 101 kn Swath Width 3010 m 1990 m 1360 m 850 m Productivity 1338 km2/h 883 km2/h 384 km2/h 128 km2/h Measurement Rate 2) 929 000 meas./sec 2.45 mill meas./sec 2.66 mill meas./sec 2.66 mill meas./sec Camera GSD 3) 4) 201 mm 133 mm 91 mm 57 mm Camera Trigger Intervall 4) 5.6 sec 3.7 sec 4.0 sec 4.7 sec 1) calculated for 20% target reflectivity and 20% stripe overlap 2) The target detection rate is equal to the measurement rate for terrains offering only one target per laser pulse but may be much higher for vegetated areas. 3) Ground Sampling Distance 4) Calculated for a 150 MPixel CMOS camera with a FOV of 56.2° x 43.7° and 60% image overlap in flight direction (endlap). The RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S Dual Channel Airborne Mapping System offers highest productivity. Technical Data RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S Laser Product Classification The instrument must be used only in combination with the appropriate laser safety box. Range Measurement Performance as a function of laser power setting, PRR, and target reflectivity Minimum Range 11) 100 m Accuracy 12) 13) / Precision 13) 14) 20 mm / 20 mm Laser Pulse Repetition Rate 15) 2 x 270kHz up to 2 x 2000kHz, selectable in steps of less than 1% Effective Measurement Rate up to 2 x 1.33 MHz @ 60° scan angle Echo Signal Intensity provided for each echo signal Laser Wavelength near infrared Laser Beam Divergence typ. 0.17 mrad @ 1/e 16), typ. 0.23 mrad @ 1/e² 17) Scanner PerformanceScanning Mechanism rotating polygon mirrorScan Pattern parallel scan lines per channel, crossed scan lines between channelsTilt Angle of Scan Lines ± 14° = 28°Forward/ Backward Scan Angle in Non-Nadir Direction ± 8° at the edgesScan Angle Range 60° total per channel, resulting in an effective FOV of 58°Total Scan Rate 40 18) - 600 lines/sec Angular Step Width 0.006° ≤ ≤ 0.100° 19) 20) Angle Measurement Resolution 0.001° Laser Power Level 100% Laser Pulse Repetition Rate (PRR) 1) 2 x 270 kHz 2 x 500 kHz 2 x 1000 kHz 2 x 2000 kHz Max. Measuring Range 2) 3) 4) natural targets ≥ 20 % 4800 m 3700 m 2800 m 2050 m natural targets ≥ 60 % 7100 m 5600 m 4300 m 3300 m Max. Operating Flight Altitude 2) 5) (AGL) 6) natural targets ≥ 20 % 3900 m 3000 m 2200 m 1700 m 12800 ft 10000 ft 7500 ft 5500 ft natural targets ≥ 60 % 5800 m 4600 m 3500 m 2700 m 19000 ft 15000 ft 11500 ft 8800 ft NOHD 7) 9) 430 m 310 m 220 m 155 m ENOHD 8) 9) 2950 m 2150 m 1550 m 1050 m Number of Targets per Laser Pulse up to 10) 14 14 9 4 Laser Power Level 50% 25% 12% 6% Laser Pulse Repetition Rate (PRR) 1) 2 x 2000 kHz 2 x 2000 kHz 2 x 2000 kHz 2 x 2000 kHz Max. Measuring Range 2) 3) 4) natural targets ≥ 20 % 1500 m 1100 m 780 m 560 m natural targets ≥ 60 % 2450 m 1800 m 1300 m 940 m Max. Operating Flight Altitude 2) 5) (AGL) 6) natural targets ≥ 20 % 1200 m 900 m 630 m 450 m 4100 ft 2900 ft 2100 ft 1500 ft natural targets ≥ 60 % 2000 m 1450 m 1050 m 760 m 6500 ft 4800 ft 3400 ft 2500 ft NOHD 7) 9) 105 m 67 m 38 m 22 m ENOHD 8) 9) 730 m 490 m 300 m 150 m Number of Targets per Laser Pulse up to 10) 4 4 4 4 1) rounded average PRR 2) Typical values for average conditions and average ambient brightness; in bright sunlight the operational range may be considerably shorter and the operational flight altitude may be considerably lower than under an overcast sky. 3) The maximum range is specified for flat targets with size in excess of the laser beam diameter, perpendicular angle of incidence, and for atmospheric visibility of 40 km. Range ambiguities have to be resolved by multiple-time-around processing. 4) If the laser beam hits, in part, more than one target, the laser’s pulse power is split accordingly. Thus, the achievable range is reduced. 5) Typical values for max. effective FOV 58°, additional roll angle ± 5° 6) Above Ground Level 7) Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance, based upon MPE according to IEC 60825-1:2014, for single line condition 8) Extended Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance, based upon MPE according to IEC 60825-1:2014, for single line condition 9) NOHD and ENOHD have been calculated for a typical angular step width of 0.012° (which means non-overlapping laser footprints), and an aircraft speed higher than 10 kn. NOHD and ENOHD increase when using overlapping laser footprints which may be intended e.g. for power line mapping. 10) when using online waveform processing Technical Data to be continued at page 10 11) Limitation for range measurement capability, does not consider laser safety issues! The minimum range for valid reflectivity values is 250 m.12) Accuracy is the degree of conformity of a measured quantity to its actual (true) value.13) Standard deviation one sigma @ 250 m range under RIEGL test conditions.14) Precision, also called reproducibility or repeatability, is the degree to which further measurements show the same result. 15) For smart and full waveform recording the max. laser PRR is limited to 2 x 1600kHz.16) Measured at the 1/e points. 0.17 mrad correspond to an increase of 17 cm of beam diameter per 1000 m distance.17) Measured at the 1/e2 points. 0.23 mrad correspond to an increase of 23 cm of beam diameter per 1000 m distance. 18) The minimum scan rate depends on the selected laser PRR.19) The minimum angular step width depends on the selected laser PRR.20) The maximum angular step width is limited by the maximum scan rate. Tilt Angle of Scan Lines± 14° Forward/Backward Scan Angle in Non-Nadir Direction± 8° at the edge Class 3B Laser Product according to IEC60825-1:2014 The following clause applies for instruments delivered into the United States: Complies with 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11 except for conformance with IEC 60825-1 Ed.3., as described in Laser Notice No. 56, dated May 8, 2019. Data Sheet Copyright RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH © 2022– All rights reserved.9 www.riegl.com Data Sheet, RIEGL VQ-1560II-S, 2022-01-26 Technical Data RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S (continued) Data Interfaces Configuration TCP/IP Ethernet (10/100/1000 MBit/s) Monitoring Data Output TCP/IP Ethernet (10/100/1000 MBit/s) Digitized Data Output Dual glass fiber data link to RIEGL Data Recorder DR1560i Synchronization Serial RS-232 interface, TTL input for 1 pps synchronization pulse, accepts different data formats for GNSS-time information General Technical Data Power Supply / Power Consumption 20 - 32 V DC / typ. 370 W max. 550 W, depending on integrated optional components Main Dimensions (flange diameter x height) Ø 524 mm x 780 mm (without flange mounted carrying handles) Weight approx. 55 kg without any camera but including a typical IMU/GNSS unit approx. 60 kg with optional components Protection Class IP54 Max. Flight Altitude operating / not operating 18500 ft (5600 m) above MSL1) / 18500 ft (5600 m) above MSL Temperature Range operation / storage -5°C up to +35°C / -10°C up to +50°C Recommended IMU/GNSS System 2) 3) IMU Accuracy 4) Roll, Pitch 0.0025° Heading 0.005°IMU Sampling Rate 200 HzPosition Accuracy (typ.) 0.05 m - 0.1 m Optional Components VQ-1560II-SPrimary Camera RGB Sensor Resolution e.g. 150 MPixel CMOSSensor Dimensions (diagonal) 66.7 mm (medium format)Focal Length of Camera Lens 50 mmField of View (FOV) approx. 54.6° x 42.3°Interface USB 3.0Data Storage iX-Controller Secondary Camera Different camera types including thermal or NIR cameras can be integrated, details on request. Copyright RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH © 2022– All rights reserved.Use of this data sheet other than for personal purposes requires RIEGL’s written consent. This data sheet is compiled with care. However, errors cannot be fully excluded and alternations might be necessary. 2) The recommended IMU is listed neither in the European Export Control List (i.e. Annex 1 of Regulation (EU) No. 2021/821 nor in the Canadian Export Control List. Detailed information on certain cases will be provided on request.3) The RIEGL VQ-1560 II-S Laser Scanning system supports different IMU/GNSS Systems, details on request. 1) Mean Sea Level 4) One sigma values, no GNSS outages, post-processed with base station data RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH Horn, Austria Phone: +43 2982 4211 | www.riegl.com RIEGL USA Inc. Winter Garden, Florida, USA Phone: +1 407 248 9927 | www.rieglusa.com RIEGL Japan Ltd. | www.riegl-japan.co.jp RIEGL China Ltd. | www.riegl.cn RIEGL Australia Pty Ltd. | www.riegl.com RIEGL Canada Inc. | www.rieglcanada.com RIEGL UK Ltd. | www.riegl.co.uk Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #16 TRANSFORMING THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS DATASHEET ►“Integrate once, use many” concept means a single platform can be used to build a complete range of mapping payloads, from UAV to crew operated aircraft, using the same design, which saves costs ►Reduced SWAP • 54% smaller footprint, 64% lighter, 75% less power ►Next generation, survey-grade GNSS receiver ►Dual inertial support (onboard and external) for simple gimbal mount support ►Two antenna heading support ►Next generation In-Fusion+ Aided-Inertial Firmware ►Completely configurable, from entry-level UAV applications, all the way up to high- accuracy solutions for high altitude LiDAR mapping Key FeaturesThe Trimble AP+ Air GNSS-inertial system is comprised of next-generation compact, low-power hardware, featuring dual embedded survey-grade GNSS chipsets, an onboard inertial measurement unit (IMU), an external IMU, and the all-new Applanix IN-Fusion+ GNSS-aided inertial firmware. INTEGRATE ONCE, USE MANY The “Integrate once, use many” concept means a single hardware platform can be used to build a complete range of mapping payloads, from UAV to crewed aircraft, using the same design. This consistency saves costs associated with design and integration. The Trimble AP+ Air is configurable to support the Direct Georeferencing accuracy demands of everything from low-flying UAVs to high-altitude crewed platforms. Compatible with photogrammetric cameras, LiDAR, hyperspectral and multispectral cameras, Synthetic Aperture Radar and virtually any other type of airborne remote sensor, the Trimble AP+ Air is a powerful, compact, and versatile solution. Easily integrated with any type of platform, AP+ Air saves significant costs in all types of surveys. THE BEST SOLUTION JUST GOT BETTER The Trimble AP+ Air OEM solution is fully supported by the industry-leading Applanix POSPac MMS post-processing software, featuring Post-Processed Trimble CenterPoint® RTX™ for centimeter position accuracy without base stations, making it the ultimate solution for integrators wishing to produce a highly efficient airborne mapping system. For LiDAR integrators, the Trimble AP+ Air OEM is fully compatible with the POSPac MMS LiDAR QC Tools for UAV. TRIMBLE AP+ 60 AIR NEXT GENERATION EMBEDDED GNSS-INERTIAL SOLUTION FOR ROBUST AIRBORNE POSITIONING AND DIRECT GEOREFERENCING POWERFUL ENOUGH FOR USE ON CREWED PLATFORMS YET SMALL ENOUGH FOR USE ON UNCREWED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAVS) DATASHEET OTHER INPUT/OUTPUT PPS (pulse-per-second) Time synchronization Event Input (2) Two time marks for external events, TTL 3.3V, 50 Hz max rate Digital I/O (3) LED drivers with dedicated functionalities for system integrators External IMU Interface Dedicated signals for external IMU support LOGGING Internal Logging 6 GB flash memory External Logging USB 2.0 host configuration support for removable USB device Parameters Time tag, status, position, attitude, velocity, track and speed, dynamics, performance metrics, raw IMU data (200 Hz), raw GNSS data (5 Hz) PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS Absolute Accuracy Specifications (RMS)1,10 Airborne Application SPS SBAS11 RTX3 Post-Processed-RTX5 Post-Processed4 Position (m)1.5 H 3 V 0.50 H 0.85 V 0.04 H 0.08 V 0.03 H 0.06 V 0.02 H 0.05 V Velocity (m/s)0.030 0.030 0.030 0.005 0.005 Roll & Pitch (deg)0.005 0.005 0.003 0.002511 0.002511 True Heading2 (deg)0.030 0.025 0.010 0.005 0.005 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Size9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100x60x21 mm Weight9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 g Power9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7W max, 8-34V DC or 3.3V DC Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Samtec LSHM-140-03.0-L-DV-A-N Antenna Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 x MMCX receptacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Output Voltage: Primary 7.5 VDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Secondary 5 VDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maximum Current: 400 mA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Minimum Input Signal Strength: 32 dB (>35 dB recommended) ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS Temperature -40°C to +75°C (Operational) -55°C to +85°C (Storage) GNSS Operating Limit 515 m/sec, 18,000 m ADDITIONAL ACCESSORIESEvaluation Kit Includes development board, power supply, andshort antenna cables (sold separately) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS System Summary • Applanix IN-FusionTM GNSS-inertial integration technology • Onboard IMU with solid-state MEMS inertial sensors and Applanix SmartCalTM compensation technology • High performance external IMU • Advanced Trimble Maxwell Custom GNSS survey technology with 2 x 336 tracking channels • Optional Dual Antenna, GAMS (GNSS Azimuth Measurement System) included • • High-precision multiple correlator for GNSS pseudorange measurements • Unfiltered, unsmoothed pseudorange measurements data with low noise, low multipath error, low time domain and high dynamic response • Very low noise GNSS carrier phase measurements with <1 mm precision in a 1 Hz bandwidth • Proven Trimble low elevation tracking technology • Real-time GNSS L1, SBAS positioning mode • Real-time 100 Hz position, attitude output, dual IMU 200 Hz data rate logging • Navigation output format: ASCII (NMEA-0183), binary (Trimble GSOF) • RTK license support for Reference Inputs CMR, CMR+, sCMRx, RTCM 2.1, 2.2, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, sold separately • Supported by POSPac MMS • No export permit required LAN INPUT/OUTPUT All Ethernet functions are supported through dedicated IP address (static or DNS) simultaneously including web-based control GUI access and real-time data streaming TCP/IP and UDP ASCII and binary data streaming (time tag, PPS sync, status, position, attitude, velocity, track and speed, dynamics, performance metrics, GNSS data), configuration messages HTTP Web-based control software (GUI) for easy system configuration and low rate display. Support for all common browsers (IE, Safari, Mozilla, Google Chrome, Firefox) SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT RS232 ports ASCII and Binary data streaming (baud rates up to 460,800) (time tag, PPS sync, status, position, attitude, velocity, track and speed, dynamics, performance metrics, GNSS data), reference input (CMR, CMR+, sCMRx, RTCM), configuration messages USB 2.0 Device Configuration ASCII and Binary data streaming (time tag, PPS sync, status, position, attitude, velocity, track and speed, dynamics, performance metrics, GNSS data), configuration messages Specifications subject to change without notice. AP+ 60 AIR 1 Typical performance. Actual results are dependent upon satellite configuration, atmospheric conditions and other environmental effects. 2 Typical mission profile, max RMS error (GAMS not required). 3 Real-time Trimble CenterPoint® RTXTM correction service, typical airborne results, subject to regional coverage. Subscription sold separately, requires RTK license. 4 POSPac MMS, Single Base station or SmartBase. 5 POSPac MMS, Post-processed CenterPoint® RTX™, typical mission performance subscription sold separately. The accuracy is subject to quality of GNSS, data set duration, and regional coverage. 6 There is no official GLONASS L3CDMA or Galileo E6 ICD. The current tracking capability is based on publicly available information. Full receiver compatibility cannot be guaranteed. 7 Developed under a License of the European Union and the European Space Agency. 8 The hardware of this product is designed for BeiDou B3 compatibility (trial version) and its firmware will be enhanced to fully support such new signal as soon as officially published ICD becomes available. 9 Does not include external IMU. 10 Performance based upon external IMU. 11 May require local gravity model to achieve full accuracy. 12 Subject to regional coverage. • Primary Antenna –GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2E, L5 –GLONASS: L1 C/A, L2 C/A, L3 CDMA6 –BeiDou: B1, B1C, B2, B2A, B2B, B38 –Galileo7: E1, E5A, E5B, E5AltBOC, E66 –IRNSS: L5 –QZSS: L1 C/A, L1S, L1C, L2C, L5, LEX –SBAS: L1 C/A, L5 –MSS L-Band: Trimble RTX • Secondary Antenna: –GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2E, L5 –GLONASS: L1 C/A, L2 C/A, L3 CDMA –BeiDou: B1, B1C, B2, B2A, B2B, B38 –Galileo7: E1, E5A, E5B, E5AltBOC, E6 –IRNSS: L5 –QZSS: L1 C/A, L1S, L1C, L2C,L5,LEX –SBAS: L1 C/A, L5 INERTIAL MEASUREMENT UNITS (IMUS) Type Range Temp °C (Operational)Power Size (L x W x H) mm Weight (kg) Internal OnboardIMU-79 +/-6 g +/-350 dps -40 to +75 n/a n/a n/a External IMU- 57 +/-10 g +/-490 dps -40 to +60 8 to 36V DC 15W max 179 x 126 x 127 2.6 TRANSFORMING THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS © 2020, Trimble Inc. All rights reserved. Trimble and the Globe & Triangle logo are trademarks of Trimble Inc., registered in the United States and in other countries. Applanix and the Applanix logo are trademarks of Applanix Corporation, registered in the Canadian Patent and Trademark Office and other countries. InFusion and SmartBase are trademarks of Applanix Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Information subject to change without notice. TRIMBLE APPLANIX85 Leek Crescent Richmond Hill, OntarioL4B 3B3, Canada +1-289-695-6000 Phone www.applanix.com airborne@applanix.com Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #18 TRANSFORMING THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS DATASHEET Trimble R12 GNSS SYSTEM KEY FEATURES ►Next generation Trimble® ProPoint™ GNSS positioning engine. Engineered for improved accuracy and productivity in challenging GNSS conditions. ►672-channel solution with Trimble 360 satellite tracking technology ►Trimble SurePoint™ tilt compensation and precise position capture ►Trimble xFill® correction outage technology ►Support for RTK level precision Trimble CenterPoint® RTX corrections technology ►Optimized for Trimble Access™ field software ►Android™ and iOS platform support ►Cellular, Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi data connectivity ►Military-spec rugged design and IP-67 rating ►Ergonomic form factor ►All day battery with built-in status indicator ►6 GB internal memory Learn more: geospatial.trimble.com/R12 DATASHEET TRANSFORMING THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS GNSS MEASUREMENTS Constellation agnostic, flexible signal tracking and improved positioning1 in challenging environments with Trimble ProPoint GNSS technologyIncreased measurement productivity and traceability with Trimble SurePoint eBubble tilt compensation Advanced Trimble Custom Survey GNSS chips with 672 channels Reduced downtime due to loss of radio signal or cellular connectivity with Trimble xFill technology Signals tracked simultaneously GPS: L1C, L1C/A, L2C, L2E, L5GLONASS: L1C/A, L1P, L2C/A, L2P, L3SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN, MSAS): L1C/A, L5Galileo: E1, E5A, E5B, E5 AltBOC, E62 BeiDou: B1, B1C, B2, B2A, B3QZSS: L1C/A, L1S, L1C, L2C, L5, L6NavIC (IRNSS): L5L-band: CenterPoint RTXIridium filtering above 1616 MHz allows antenna to be used up to 20 m away from iridium transmitter Japanese LTE filtering below 1510 MHz allows antenna to be used up to 100 m away from Japanese LTE cell tower Digital Signal Processor (DSP) techniques to detect and recover from spoofed GNSS signals Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) algorithm to detect and reject problem satellite measurements to improve position quality Improved protection from erroneous ephemeris data Positioning Rates 1 Hz, 2 Hz, 5 Hz, 10 Hz, and 20 Hz POSITIONING PERFORMANCE3 CODE DIFFERENTIAL GNSS POSITIONING Horizontal 0.25 m + 1 ppm RMS Vertical 0.50 m + 1 ppm RMS SBAS4 typically <5 m 3DRMS STATIC GNSS SURVEYING High-Precision Static Horizontal 3 mm + 0.1 ppm RMS Vertical 3.5 mm + 0.4 ppm RMS Static and Fast Static Horizontal 3 mm + 0.5 ppm RMS Vertical 5 mm + 0.5 ppm RMS REAL TIME KINEMATIC SURVEYING Single Baseline <30 km Horizontal 8 mm + 1 ppm RMS Vertical 15 mm + 1 ppm RMS Network RTK5 Horizontal 8 mm + 0.5 ppm RMS Vertical 15 mm + 0.5 ppm RMS RTK start-up time for specified precisions6 2 to 8 seconds TRIMBLE RTX™ TECHNOLOGY (SATELLITE AND CELLULAR/INTERNET (IP)) CenterPoint RTX7 Horizontal 2 cm RMS Vertical 5 cm RMS RTX convergence time for specified precisions - Worldwide < 15 min RTX QuickStart convergence time for specified precisions < 1 min RTX convergence time for specified precisions in select regions (Trimble RTX Fast Regions)< 1 min TRIMBLE XFILL8 Horizontal RTK9 + 10 mm/minute RMS Vertical RTK9 + 20 mm/minute RMS TRANSFORMING THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS Trimble R12 GNSS SYSTEM HARDWARE PHYSICAL Dimensions (W×H)11.9 cm x 13.6 cm (4.6 in x 5.4 in) Weight 1.12 kg (2.49 lb) with internal battery, internal radio with UHF antenna,3.95 kg (8.71 lb) items above plus range pole, Trimble TSC7 controller & bracket Temperature10 Operating –40 °C to +65 °C (–40 °F to +149 °F) Storage –40 °C to +75 °C (–40 °F to +167 °F) Humidity 100%, condensing Ingress protection IP67 dustproof, protected from temporary immersion to depth of 1 m (3.28 ft) Shock and vibration (Tested and meets the following environmental standards) Shock Non-operating: Designed to survive a 2 m (6.6 ft) pole drop onto concrete. Operating: to 40 G, 10 msec, sawtooth Vibration MIL-STD-810F, FIG.514.5C-1 ELECTRICAL Power 11 to 24 V DC external power input with over-voltage protection on Port 1 and Port 2 (7-pin Lemo) Rechargeable, removable 7.4 V, 3.7 Ah Lithium-ion smart battery with LED status indicators Power consumption is 4.2 W in RTK rover mode with internal radio11 Operating times on internal battery12 450 MHz receive only option 6.5 hours 450 MHz receive/transmit option (0.5 W)6.0 hours 450 MHz receive/transmit option (2.0 W)5.5 hours Cellular receive option 6.5 hours COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA STORAGE Serial 3-wire serial (7-pin Lemo) USB v2.0 Supports data download and high speed communications Radio modem Fully Integrated, sealed 450 MHz wide band receiver/transmitter with frequency range of 403 MHz to 473 MHz, support of Trimble, Pacific Crest, and SATEL radio protocols:Transmit power 2 W Range 3–5 km typical / 10 km optimal13 Cellular14 Integrated, 3.5 G modem, HSDPA 7.2 Mbps (download), GPRS multi-slot class 12, EDGE multi-slot class 12, Penta-band UMTS/HSDPA (WCDMA/FDD) 800/850/900/1900/2100 MHz, Quad-band EGSM 850/900/1800/1900 MHz, GSM CSD, 3GPP LTE Bluetooth Version 4.115 Wi-Fi 802.11 b,g, access point and client mode, WPA/WPA2/WEP64/WEP128 encryption I/O ports Serial, USB, TCP/IP, IBSS/NTRIP, Bluetooth Data storage 6 GB internal memory Data format CMR+, CMRx, RTCM 2.1, RTCM 2.3, RTCM 3.0, RTCM 3.1, RTCM 3.2 input and output 24 NMEA outputs, GSOF, RT17 and RT27 outputs, 1 PPS output WEBUI Offers simple configuration, operation, status, and data transfer Accessible via Wi-Fi, Serial, USB, and Bluetooth SUPPORTED CONTROLLERS & FIELD SOFTWARE Trimble TSC7, Trimble T10, Trimble T7, Android and iOS devices running supported apps Trimble Access 2019.10 or later CERTIFICATIONS FCC Part 15 (Class B device), 24, 32; CE Mark; RCM; PTCRB; BT SIG TRANSFORMING THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS DATASHEET Trimble R12 GNSS SYSTEM 1 Challenging GNSS environments are locations where the receiver has sufficient satellite availability to achieve minimum accuracy requirements, but where the signal may be partly obstructed by and/or reflected off of trees, buildings, and other objects. Actual results may vary based on user’s geographic location and atmospheric activity, scintillation levels, GNSS constellation health and availability, and level of multipath and signal occlusion. 2 The current capability in the receivers is based on publicly available information. As such, Trimble cannot guarantee that these receivers will be fully compatible with a future generation of Galileo satellites or signals.3 Precision and reliability may be subject to anomalies due to multipath, obstructions, satellite geometry, and atmospheric conditions. The specifications stated recommend the use of stable mounts in an open sky view, EMI and multipath clean environment, optimal GNSS constellation configurations, along with the use of survey practices that are generally accepted for performing the highest-order surveys for the applicable application including occupation times appropriate for baseline length. Baselines longer than 30 km require precise ephemeris and occupations up to 24 hours may be required to achieve the high precision static specification.4 Depends on SBAS system performance.5 Network RTK PPM values are referenced to the closest physical base station.6 May be affected by atmospheric conditions, signal multipath, obstructions and satellite geometry. Initialization reliability is continuously monitored to ensure highest quality.7 RMS performance based on repeatable in field measurements. Achievable accuracy and initialization time may vary based on type and capability of receiver and antenna, user’s geographic location and atmospheric activity, scintillation levels, GNSS constellation health and availability and level of multipath including obstructions such as large trees and buildings.8 Accuracies are dependent on GNSS satellite availability. xFill positioning without a Trimble CenterPoint RTX subscription ends after 5 minutes of radio downtime. xFill positioning with a CenterPoint RTX subscription will continue beyond 5 minutes providing the Trimble RTX solution has converged, with typical precisions not exceeding 6 cm horizontal, 14 cm vertical or 3 cm horizontal, 7 cm vertical in Trimble RTX Fast regions. xFill is not available in all regions, check with your local sales representative for more information.9 RTK refers to the last reported precision before the correction source was lost and xFill started.10 Receiver will operate normally to –40 °C, internal batteries are rated from –20 °C to +60 °C (ambient +50 °C).11 Tracking GPS, GLONASS and SBAS satellites.12 Varies with temperature and wireless data rate. When using a receiver and internal radio in the transmit mode, it is recommended that an external 6 Ah or higher battery is used.13 Varies with terrain and operating conditions.14 Due to local regulations, the integrated cellular modem cannot be enabled in China, Taiwan, or Brazil. A Trimble controller integrated cellular modem or external cellular modem can be used to obtain GNSS corrections via an IP (Internet Protocol) connection. 15 Bluetooth type approvals are country specific. Specifications subject to change without notice. © 2019–2020, Trimble Inc. All rights reserved. Trimble, the Globe & Triangle logo, CenterPoint, and xFill are trademarks of Trimble Inc., registered in the United States and in other countries. Access, ProPoint, SurePoint, Trimble RTX and VRS are trademarks of Trimble Inc. iPad and iPhone are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Google, Google Play, and other marks are trademarks of Google LLC. Wi-Fi is a registered trademark of Wi-Fi Alliance. The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Trimble Inc. is under license. Galileo is developed under a License of the European Union and the European Space Agency. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PN 022516-481C (10/20) www.trimble.com Contact your local Trimble Authorized Distribution Partner for more information TRANSFORMING THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS NORTH AMERICATrimble Inc.10368 Westmoor DrWestminster CO 80021USA EUROPETrimble Germany GmbHAm Prime Parc 1165479 Raunheim GERMANY ASIA-PACIFICTrimble Navigation Singapore PTE Limited3 HarbourFront Place#13-02 HarbourFront Tower TwoSingapore 099254SINGAPORE Trust Diligence Adaptability Excellence Joy Community ATTACHMENT #19 iXM-RS150F | iXM-RS100F Full Frame Aerial Cameras • • • • • • • • • • 2 • • • • • • • • • • 3 4 5 Characteristics: • • • • • • 6 7 8 9 iXM- RS150F iXM-RS150FAchromatic iXM-RS100F iXM-RS100F Achromatic Resolution 150MP 14204 x 10652 100MP 11608 x 8708 Dynamic range (dB)83 84 Aspect ratio 4:3 Pixel size (µm)3.76 4.6 Effective sensor size (mm)53.4 x 40.0 Light sensitivity (ISO)50-6400 200-25600 50-6400 200-12800 Capture rate (fps)2 1.6 Camera type Medium-format camera for aerial imaging Lens mount Phase One RS Data interfaces USB3, Ethernet 10G I/O interfaces Trigger, mid exposure, ready, serial HDMI 1920 x 1080 60p Data storage XQD card Synchronization speed 50 microseconds in an array of cameras Raw file compression 14bit IIQ large: 150MB IIQ small: 100MB IIQ large: 100MB IIQ small: 65MB IR cut-off filter Yes Yes, optional with clear glass Yes Yes, optional with clear glass Connection to pod 4 x M4 bolts Power input 12 - 30 VDC Max. power consumption (W)16 Weight - excluding lens (g)1000 Dimensions - excluding lens (mm)90 x 90 x 91 Approvals FCC Class A, CE, RoHS Temperature (°C)-10 to 40 Humidity (%)15 - 80 (non-condensing) 10 32mm 40mm 50mm 70mm 90mm 110mm 150mm MK II 180mm Lens composition 14 elements in 10 groups 10 elements in 7 groups 9 elements in 7 groups 9 elements in 8 groups 6 elements in 5 groups 8 elements in 7 groups 7 elements in 3 groups Focus range Infinity Shutter speed max.Up to 1/2500 Up to 1/2000 Up to 1/2500 Up to 1/2000 Exposure control 1/3 f - stop increments Aperture range f/4 - f/22 f/5.6 - f/22 f/4 - f/22 f/5.6 - f/22 f/6.3 - f/22 Filter diameter (mm)86 67 58 72 58 86 67 Total Length (mm) with Camera 186 174.5 181 179 224 184 257 283 Weight (g/lb) 970/2.13 730/1.60 800/1.76 580/1.27 1150/2.53 620/1.37 1150/2.53 1400/3.1 Angle of view - Long side (°)77.8 65 54.6 41.8 33 27.6 20.2 12.7 Angle of view - Short side - (°)62.3 51 42.3 31.9 25.1 20.9 15.2 16.9 Entrance pupil to image plane (mm) Lens composition 11 elements in 9 groups Total Length with Camera (mm)328 Minimum focus range 10 m to Infinity Weight (g/lb)1900/4.18 Shutter speed max.Up to 1/2000 Angle of view - Long Side (°)8.4 Exposure control 1/3 f - stop increments Angle of view - Short Side (°)6.3 Aperture range f/8 - f/32 Entrance pupil to image plane (mm)85.5 11 © Phase One 2013-2021. All rights reserved. Content is subject to change without notice. 85058000 18.04.2021. Aerial photos in this brochure are for illustrative purposes.About Phase One Phase One A/S is a leading researcher, developer and manufacturer of medium format and large format digital cameras, software, and imaging solutions. Founded in 1993, Phase One is a pioneer of digital photography and has developed core imaging technologies and a range of digital cameras and imaging modules. Phase One provides the world’s highest image quality in terms of resolution, dynamic range, color fidelity and geometric accuracy. As such, the company has grown to become the leading provider of high-end imaging technology across many business segments. This includes both hardware and software for aerial mapping, industrial inspection, and cultural heritage digitization, as well as serv- ing the world’s most demanding photographers. Phase One A/S Roskildevej 39 DK-2000 Frederiksberg Denmark Tel.: +45 36 46 0111 Fax: +45 36 46 0222 Phase One USA Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport 11755 Airport Way, Suite 216 Broomfield, CO 80021 USA Tel.: +1 (303) 469-6657 Phase One Germany Lichtstr. 43h 50825 Köln Germany Tel.: +49 (0)221/5402260 Fax: +49 (0)221/54022622 geospatial.phaseone.com Phase One Asia Pacific Unit 503, 5/F., Times Tower No. 928-930 Cheung Sha Wan Road, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel.: + 852 28967088 Fax: + 852 28981628 Phase One Japan Co., Ltd. #401 ARK HOUSE 17-6 Wakamatsucho Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan Tel: +81-3-6380-2506 Fax: +81-3-6380-2507