HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-15-23 Public Comment - M. Kaveney - BCAN Comments on #22-264 PP to be sent to CDB membersFrom:Marcia Kaveney
To:Mike Maas; Agenda
Subject:BCAN Comments on #22-264 PP to be sent to CDB members
Date:Wednesday, March 15, 2023 12:59:41 PM
Attachments:BCAN Canyon Gate Preliminary Plat_Final Comments (1).pdf
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Dear Mike-Since these compiled comments are being sent from one of the city's official neighborhood
associations, will you please send them to the individual CDB members in addition to theassociated packet? They represent over 50 hours of volunteer effort and we want to make sure
the board members have an opportunity to read them before the upcoming meeting onMonday, March 20.
Recently, I have heard from other advisory board members as well as a city commissioner that
they don't always have success getting to the comments in the provided laserfiche link. Thisway, we can ensure they receive the comments in a timely manner.
Thank you,
Marcia K.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
1
Date: March 15, 2023
To: City of Bozeman
The proposed development (Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat, Application 22265)
(Applicant) is within the boundaries of the Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors (BCAN).
BCAN is a City-approved association with chartered objectives to, among other things, enhance
communication between Bozeman residents and the City of Bozeman (City), foster partnership,
cooperation, and consensus among diverse interests, and offer opportunities for public participation in
City processes.1 Future residents of Canyon Gate will automatically become BCAN members because the
boundaries of the development are included as part of BCAN’s physical boundaries.
These comments represent input from current residents who reside in the vicinity of the proposed
development. Many of the comments, however, focus on how aspects of the proposed preliminary plat
plan can be modified in support of future residents’ health and safety as well as enjoyment of their new
homes. In addition, BCAN members are also sending individual comments to the City on the proposed
development and, therefore, this comment letter should not be considered the only comments from BCAN
residents. Please give these comments serious consideration. They are based on collective community
concerns and lessons learned from development impacts associated with CreekLands’ and Legends’
developments. All are included to contribute to the City’s goal of making Bozeman a livable place. Please
note that several comments pertain to impacts to existing HOAs, such as flood control and access to an
existing HOA’s easement to help the City meet Vision Zero goals. We ask that you pay particular
attention to comments requesting interaction with HOAs and BCAN. We also requests a formal response
to the proposed conditions of approval recommended in this comment letter.
Sincerely,
Marcia Kaveney for the BCAN Steering Committee
Marcia Kaveney, Chair
Christine Roberts, Secretary
Brad Bates, Inter-neighborhood Council Representative
Arlene Tonon, Treasurer
1 (https://www.bozeman.net/departments/administration/neighborhoods)
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
2
GENERAL COMMENTS
1. Integrating Existing Policy with Community Needs. The City’s Community Plan is a
blueprint for future development that recognizes the importance of community input to the review
process by seeking to balance the needs of the community with published policy that is adaptable
to community needs. The plan recognizes the importance of adhering to published guidance while
also being adaptable to changing circumstances and community concerns, specifically that a
growth policy must balance consistency with responsiveness to the needs of the community.
BCAN’s comments are provided to improve the development of the Canyon Gate parcel. The
length of these comments is reflective of the fact that the Applicant has chosen not to engage with
the community to discuss questions about the proposal. The objective of such outreach is to help
meet growth policy goals and objectives by providing meaningful opportunities for input. Such
opportunities have been requested by the community but have not occurred.
2. Public Noticing and Mitigation of Impacts. The public notice for the proposed
development cites the Bozeman Municipal Code criteria for documenting compliance with
standards2 and City commission review and action3 as the basis for public comment. These
sections of the municipal code are presented to affirm that the City can and should identify
mitigations for adverse effects of development proposals.
The municipal code4 provides other direction for the City commission related to ensuring that
adverse impacts are identified and that mitigation measures are implemented. It directs the City
commission “to prevent demonstrable adverse impacts of the development upon public safety,
health or general welfare, or to provide for its mitigation.”5 Other parts of the code6 note that the
standards for approval of a proposal are minimum requirements and that the City commission can
require Applicant to design the subdivision to reasonably minimize potentially significant adverse
impacts.
2 Sec. 38.220.060. Documentation of compliance with adopted standards
3 Sec 38.240.150
4 Division 38.200 Jurisdiction and scope of authority
5 Sec. 38.200.010. - Review authority
6 Sec. 38.100.050. (Interpretation as minimum requirements); Sec. 38.240.150.C. (City commission
review and action)
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
3
Condition. 1) Based on the public notice requirements of the Bozeman City code, the
public comment process should be revised to require Applicants to conduct open house
sessions with affected neighborhoods prior to a commission hearing on the project. 2)
In addition, based on the authority granted to the City commission by the municipal
code, commissioners must exercise their authority to require Applicant-financed and
constructed mitigation for identified direct and indirect adverse impacts of the
development.
The following section presents specific comments on the application in accordance with the
Subdivision Preliminary Plat Checklist Response.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
4
APPLICATION-SPECIFIC COMMENTS
The numbering below corresponds to numbering in 003 Subdivision Preliminary Plat Checklist Response,
Documentation of Compliance (hence its non-sequential presentation).
2. Floodplains
2.1 Floodplain Mapping. It is common knowledge that FEMA floodplain maps are outdated. As
analyzed in the New York Times, “Across much of the United States, the flood risk is far greater than
government estimates show, new calculations suggest, exposing millions of people to a hidden threat
— and one that will only grow as climate change worsens. That new calculation, which considers sea-
level rise, rainfall and flooding along smaller creeks not mapped federally, estimates that 14.6 million
properties are at risk from what experts call a 100-year flood, far more than the 8.7 million properties
shown on federal government flood maps.” 7
It is insufficient for the Applicant to address this lack of updated data by proposing that a suitable
mitigation is to add a note to the final plat map alerting future purchasers of homes in Canyon Gate
that the area is subject to 100-yr flood hazards not reflected in the official 2021 FEMA Flood
Insurance Study and Flood Insurance Rate Maps. This is insufficient as mitigation because the City
would essentially be deciding not to determine flood impacts related to this development. Rather than
identifying impacts and suggesting mitigation (such as alterations in the number and location of
structures), the Applicant offers only a fine-print notification that flood impacts are at the risk of
future homeowners. The City has an obligation to identify these impacts and to suggest development
layout changes to minimize risk. In addition, the proposed development disallows basements, crawl
spaces, and sump pump discharge, further putting future residents as well as existing residents at risk
by denying adequate responses to flooding. (Also see comments in 14, Parks and Recreation, below
for suggested alternative layouts to avoid flood impacts and increase open space.)
7 New York Times New Data Reveals Hidden Flood Risk Across America, June 29, 2020.
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/06/29/climate/hidden-flood-risk-maps.html)
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
5
Condition. The City should assess the floodplain based on historical records and project
existing mapped data to future conditions, thereby requiring project redesign based on actual
flooding impact potential.
2.2 Flood Flows. At Legends II, existing flood flows are captured by drainage retention areas along
Northview Street (identified as Open Space 15 as shown on Applicant drawing 016 C5. 0,
Grading and Drainage Plan). The Flood Hazard evaluation report states that if the entrance to the
existing culvert on Legends property becomes clogged and reduces culvert flow of flood waters,
such flood waters would remain within the Bridger Creek corridor. The report further states that
the non-diverted flood discharge “would not have significant effect on the inundation area or
water surface elevations downstream from the culvert.” This is an unsupported conclusion and
requires discussion to verify its unsubstantiated claim.
Further, the report states that plugging two upstream culverts under Northview Street would
“reduce potential flood hazards within the Legends subdivision if the downstream culverts were
to become obstructed.” This logic implies that two additional culverts that drain water under
Northview Street would be purposely plugged to avoid flood flow overflows in the Open Space
15 retention basin. The report is silent on where that diverted water from two culverts and a
receiving retention basin would go.
As written, the report implies that flood flows could be diverted from Legends II by diverting it
somewhere else, so that avoidance of flood flows along historical pathways in the Canyon Gate
development would not need to be mitigated, and likely have to convey flood flows that flow
through the Legends open space. The Applicant does not have the authority or foresight to discuss
what would or would not occur to the existing Legends flood conveyance structures so as to avoid
flood flow impacts to the proposed development.
More importantly, if existing culverts were plugged, flood flow would be directed to other areas
in Legends, such as along Boylan Road, Northview, Maiden Spirit, and other roads in the
Creekwood and Legends I and II subdivisions. The Flood Hazard report does not address the
original intent of the retention basin at the eastern property boundary of Canyon Gate. The
Legends II retention pond was graded so as to spill onto the proposed development area and
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
6
follow the natural watercourse. The idea of plugging culverts will create direct adverse impacts to
existing areas of the Legend II development.
Condition. The City should require that as a condition of approval the Applicant revise the
Flood Hazard evaluation to demonstrate where that redirected flow would go and what
impacts to offsite users would occur as a result of the proposed “alternative mitigation.” In
addition, and also as a condition of approval, the Applicant’s Flood Hazard Plan and
proposed mitigation should be reviewed by the Legends II engineer of record to ensure that
operation of the Legends II system will not be altered by the proposed development.
3. Vegetation.
Tree Count and Vegetative Cover and Protective Measures. According to the
Applicant, the subject property is occupied by “pasture grass and some trees.” This
narrative greatly understates the existing groves. More than 100 (actual 111) healthy
mature trees with a DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) of over 8 inches exist at the north
half of the development site. The “existing trees” shown on plan 006. CO.3 Existing
Conditions Plan, illustrate only 33 of the 111 existing trees in the two main east and west
groves. In addition, two historically significant cottonwood trees with diameters of 4 and
5 feet and a large juniper are part of the existing property. These trees, which are evident
on photo-documentation from the 1970s, are present primarily in a western and eastern
grove. Elsewhere on the subject property smaller groves of aspens and other trees are
scattered, further contributing to sources of natural flood control.
As shown on the Applicant’s plan, these groves and nearby trees lie in the naturally low-
lying areas of the historic flood path. Measures need to be taken to protect these groves
because they serve as natural flood control mitigation areas, retain ground moisture,
lessen the drying impacts of wind, moderate temperatures in the hot summer months, and
provide wildlife corridors and nesting habitat for many bird and small mammal species.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
7
Condition. As a condition of approval, the City should require the Applicant to preserve 75
percent or more of the two main groves to maintain their natural function for underlying flood
control, ground moisture, and wildlife habitat. The City should also require retaining greater
area of the natural historic flood path (shown on 006.CO.3 Existing Conditions Plan) from
Legends II through the Canyon Gate property to its northeast corner.
4. Wildlife
Wildlife Migration. The Canyon Gate Investors, LLC, sent a letter to Montana Fish, Wildlife,
and Parks (August 1, 2022) stating that the “green corridor of parkland will successfully connect
the community to the surrounding parks and may continue to serve as a path for animal
migration.” The existing condition currently provides a 24-acre green corridor that already
supports wildlife mitigation. The proposed “parkland” of 3.07 acres (Parkland and Public Open
Space) is a drainage swale surrounded by residential and commercial development. As a result,
only 3.07 acres of the 24-acre development would be undeveloped and retained for possible
wildlife movement.
The Applicant describes the proposed drainage swale as a benefit when in fact, the entire site
currently is used as wildlife habitat and for migration. Given that the proposed development is
removing approximately 20 acres of existing wildlife habitat and the proposal calculates a
shortage of 2.57 acres of required parkland and open space, the claim that the project provides a
green corridor for wildlife migration is misleading.
Wildlife movement frequently occurs already in a north-sound trajectory based on wildlife
seeking water and vegetative cover along Bridger Creek. The only north-south accesses for
species movement in the proposed development will be a paved street bordered by residential
structures, a paved path between commercial buildings, and a short section between two parking
lots. Although endangered species or species of concern have not been documented onsite and
the Community Plan does not favor large species, we cannot ignore the fact that the subject
property lies midway between and at most a distance of one-quarter mile from each of two major
wildlife habitats of Bridger Creek and the Story Hills. Deer, moose, and bears frequently pass
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
8
through the site and adjoining existing areas. Without better provision for wildlife corridors, we
can expect more frequent conflicts to arise between humans and wildlife.
Condition. The City should require that as a condition of approval the Applicant expand the
proposed acreage of open space and require a north-south unpaved greenway that supports
public parklands as well as species movement in accordance with existing migration patterns.
10. Stormwater Management
Stormwater Retention. The preliminary plat (Map 016.C.50 Grading and Drainage Plan)
shows onsite underground stormwater retention basins (approximately 19) that are intended to
funnel drainage from the existing Legends II drainage swale on Northview through the Canyon
Gate development. Maintenance access manholes were not provided in Legends I and II during
their development, and the HOAs had to fund installation of manholes to address cleanout and
maintenance of the underground detention systems.
The plat map shows overflow water being drained via public parks B and C that bisect the
residential development from east to west. These areas appear to convey overflow stormwater
from the existing Legends II detention basin. The Applicant does not discuss how the stormwater
plan approved for Legends I and II would not be adversely affected by the proposed Canyon Gate
design. For example, the existing report is silent on how much flow is anticipated through this
channel and the type of ground profile required to accommodate this flow.
If the City takes over maintenance of these underground facilities at some future date, is the
number of 19 individual locations sufficient for City maintenance? We request fewer and larger
stormwater facilities for ease of maintenance and to ensure that the overflow from the Legends II
drainage is accommodated and maintained appropriately and not at the expense of existing or
future homeowners.
It is also inaccurate to call this area a public park, when it is essentially a drainage area that
follows historical flood flow patterns and will serve as a swale for transport of flood flows.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
9
Condition. The City should require the Applicant as a condition of approval to install fewer
and larger stormwater facilities for ease of maintenance and to ensure adequate installation of
manholes to address future stormwater maintenance so that new residents in the Canyon Gate
HOA will not be liable for installation at a later date and so that ongoing maintenance of the
stormwater system can proceed safely and effectively and operate as engineered. We request
written assurances from the City that the stormwater plans approved for Legends I and II are
not adversely affected by the proposed Canyon Gate design.
11. Streets, Roads, and Alleys
11.1 Needed Bridger Canyon Drive Ingress/Egress to Commercial Lots. On August 3,
2022, the Applicant requested a permit from the Department of Transportation to approve a new
approach onto Bridger Canyon Road (MT Highway 86, C000086) from the north side of the
street. (The permit application is included as “030 MDT Approach Permit Application” in the
Applicant’s preliminary plat submittal package.) The Applicant has stated the site will be a
regional commercial center and, therefore, access from Bridger Canyon Road will provide more
direct access for regional users. This new site access is an assumed site feature in the
transportation plan (020 Traffic Impact Study) prepared for the development and, therefore, it
must be included in depictions of all project maps in all reports.
The preliminary plat map (009.C1.1 Concept Development Site Plan) shows a proposed
egress/ingress off Bridger Canyon Drive east of Story Mill Road into the retail areas of the
development. It should be a condition of the City’s approval that this access be developed to
support access via Bridger Canyon Drive and help reduce bottlenecks along Story Mill Road.
Ensuring this access is required will support traffic calming measures of both MDT and the City’s
Vison Zero goals. The retail area is 139,000 square feet (3.2 acres) and advertised as a regional
destination (“Main and Main” per the Applicant). A retail area of this size demands ingress from
Bridger Canyon Drive to help calm traffic along Story Mill Road, and nearby local streets.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
10
Condition. The City should require the receipt of the MDT permit for this access point and
inclusion of it in the final plat plan and all development figures as a required condition of
approval of the Canyon Gate Subdivision. The City should require the Applicant to coordinate
with MDT and ensure this access is granted prior to approval of a final plat plan and pay
impact fees to MDT for additional traffic loads on Bridger Canyon Drive.
11.2 Connectivity of Canyon Gate Boulevard to Northview Street. The Applicant sent
Legends II HOA a letter inquiring about obtaining an easement to connect Canyon Gate Boulevard to
Northview Street. Despite multiple requests from the Legends II HOA Board to set up a meeting, the
Applicant refused to meet to discuss this issue. On March 8 and 9, 2023, the BCAN steering
committee members requested the City to require the Applicant to meet with the HOA and discuss
using the easement to allow access of the Canyon Gate development to Northview Street. Legends II
HOA submitted a request to the City to require the Applicant to meet with Board members on this
issue. The HOA had previously attempted several times to set up a meeting with the Applicant and
been rebuffed.
Several advantages are associated with connecting the proposed dead-end Canyon Boulevard
proposed by the Applicant to the existing Northview Street: (1) Extending Canyon Gate Boulevard to
Northview Street would significantly reduce traffic flows along Maiden Spirit Street, which currently
is the only eastern entry and exit to the Canyon Gate development and (2) this throughway would link
the existing alley off Northview Street to Canyon Gate Boulevard. This alley, which is currently
maintained by Legends II, is anticipated to become a City road in the future given the ongoing and
anticipated annexation of parcels currently in County property along Bridger Canyon Drive to City
jurisdiction. Based on this future traffic pattern, it makes no sense to stop Canyon Gate Boulevard
short of Northview Street. The Applicant should negotiate in good faith with the Legends II HOA to
accomplish this connection.
Condition. The City should require the Applicant to meet with Legends II HOA Board and BCAN
Steering Committee to address this vital link to effect major traffic calming of the proposed project. It
is a critical component to achieve traffic calming measures supported by the City.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
11
11.3. Vehicular Traffic Generation Impacts. This is one of the most important issues,
along with safety issues about delayed emergency response at railroad crossings, identified by
BCAN.
11.3.A. Provide Rationale for Conclusions made in Study. One of the more challenging
aspects of this public comment process is the tendency of the Traffic Impact Study and other
reports to make conclusions in the body of a report and then refer the reader to detailed appendices
with topic-specific calculations that only an area-specialist can interpret. This results in
conclusions made in reports that the public has no means to understand or verify. Because traffic is
one of the major concerns of BCAN members, this traffic impact study must be revised to do more
than make conclusions and refer the reader to detailed traffic analysis appendices—the Applicant
should provide the rationale for the study’s conclusions in the body of the report so it is
understandable to the general public.
This is also the case for level-of-service (LOS) conclusions. The study states that all Year 2027
projected intersection capacity results showed that all study area intersections would continue to
operate at LOS C or better during both the AM and PM peak hours. The report makes this
statement and refers the reader to detailed appendices that contain calculations intended to be read
solely by traffic engineers. Because traffic impacts are the number one concern expressed by
BCAN members, the study intended to help the public understand how levels of service are
developed is indecipherable to all but traffic engineers.
Condition. The City should require the Applicant as a condition of approval to revise the study
to make clear linkages between trip generation using all factors that affect traffic volumes,
including external trips generated to reach a regional commercial destination, including a
comprehensible rationale for the conclusions underpinning level-of-service conclusions
attributable to the project.
11.3.B. Trips included in Trip Generation. The study is deficient in calculating the true
increase in traffic volumes attributable to the project. The traffic study estimates that at full build-
out the Canyon Gate development will “generate 4,606 gross average weekday trips.” The report
adjusted this estimate to account for internal capture trips (those that do not have origins or
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
12
destinations external to a project site) and pass-by trips (intermediate stops on the way from a
point of origin to a primary trip destination). With the adjustment for these factors, the report
estimates the project will result in an additional 3,174 net new external vehicular trips on a typical
weekday. The trip count was conducted on two days when school was not in session due to a PIR
(Pupil-Instruction-Related) day and spring break.
Based on a review of the study, it is unclear whether the report considers the extensive
construction truck traffic that would occur during the multi-year consecutive construction
envisioned by the Applicant. Table 3 of the study includes only limited sources of trips.
As we know, long-term construction impacts of major truck traffic results in extensive impacts to
existing roads and creates adverse temporary (albeit multi-year) adverse impacts of dust, noise,
etc. The report is silent on these traffic impacts by appearing to calculate only those commercial
and residential vehicle trips that occur after build-out.
The Applicant advertises the project as “Main on Main,” with an emphasis on the commercial and
retail as a destination location, thereby resulting in trips from outside the area. It is not clear that
the analysis considered these additional trips. (see Table 3 of Traffic Impact Study), which
presents estimates only for average weekdays, not weekends, when most out-of-area destination
trips would be generated. The study estimates that more than 1,000 trips will be generated on an
average weekday for “Fine Dining” alone, which indicates trips originating from out of
neighborhood. This estimate would likely increase traffic trip generation counts if weekend
estimates had been provided.
Condition. The study must also clearly describe what detailed assumptions were made in
calculating trip generation of the proposed development and how level-of-service was
estimated relative to existing traffic counts. Also see below for requested traffic calming
measures (E. Traffic Calming and Pedestrian Crossings.)
11.3.C. Maintenance. The municipal code requires the report to describe “any anticipated
increased maintenance that will be necessary due to increased traffic and who will pay the cost of
maintenance.” It also requires detailed drawings of any proposed traffic calming installations,
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
13
including locations and turning radius templates. The study discusses neither maintenance nor
limiting access to Bridger Drive and Story Mill during construction. It also does not provide
required drawings of proposed traffic calming installations.
Condition. Include as a condition of approval that the Applicant discuss maintenance and
include and provide detailed drawings of traffic calming measures covered as BCAN-proposed
conditions under Traffic Calming and Pedestrian Crossing, item “11.3.E” below.
11.3.D. Access Spacing. The study states that Bridger Drive is an arterial and Story Mill Road is
a collector and that based on City of Bozeman spacing requirements for full movement accesses,
“none of the proposed Canyon Gate access intersections are spaced adequately.” Rather than
address the insufficient spacing, the study asks the City to grant such modifications. (“An access
deviation is therefore requested per the UDC, Section 38.400.090.H. “) (Traffic Study, page 13)
Per the municipal code (38.400.090.H.1) the City code “may be relaxed” if it is shown “during the
development review process that more efficient design can be accomplished without jeopardizing
the public's health, safety and welfare, the intent of this chapter, or the intent of the city's growth
policy.” The traffic study presents no such rationale for this modification request. Information
supporting such a request for exemption from established code is essential documentation needed
by the advisory board, the commission, and the public to make informed review and decisions.
Condition. The City should direct as conditions of approval that the Applicant (1) prepare a
complete and accurate traffic impact study that fully discusses the relationship between
existing conditions and anticipated impacts that account for trips generated externally to the
site as a shopping and regional destination location. The revisions should include comparative
tables in the body of the study for existing and proposed trips generated; (2) the rationale for
any request for modification to City code of street access on Story Mill Road to commercial
areas; and (3) a new traffic impact count conducted on at least one day when school is in
session, one weekend day during the ski season, and one day in the summer because the
subject property is located at the entrance to a major recreation area.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
14
11.3.E. Traffic Calming and Pedestrian Crossings. The municipal code requires applicants
to provide in the impact study detailed drawings of any proposed traffic calming installations,
including locations and turning radius templates. The traffic study recommends three mid-block
pedestrian crossing locations within the Canyon Gate site. BCAN has been meeting with the City
to address assistance in encouraging the Applicant and other entities with authority over speed
limits (NDOT) and transit (HRDC) to address impacts under their review authority. In addition to
the measures recommended in the traffic study, the City should require the Applicant to address
direct impacts to pedestrian safety from increased project-related traffic:
Condition. Because project-generated traffic will result in direct and locationally immediate
impacts for pedestrian crossings, the City should require the Applicant to fund installation of
pedestrian crossings and other measures that ensure public safety, traffic calming, and multi-
mobility in a high-volume traffic zone and meet City goals and objectives of Vision Zero.
These measures include the following:
Speed hump on Maiden Spirit. Require traffic calming measures of 12-foot wide speed
hump on Maiden Spirit connection to be installed on Canyon Gate property and
maintained by CG HOA.
In R5, reconfigure building placement to have parking driveways access Canyon Blvd
near Story Mill and eliminate the exits towards Spirit Crossing.
Pedestrian crossing light and 4-way crosswalk at Boylan and Story Mill
Streamline bus stop availability within the commercial areas of development.
A park and ride lot for skiers heading to Bridger Bowl and Cross Cut Mountain Sports
Center
Street connection of commercial and retail areas to residences (connect Lot 1 to
Canyon Gate Blvd)
Provide designated parking for cars and bikes at the proposed dog park at the corner of
Story Mill and Boylan Road.
Install pedestrian crossing with flashing lights at Birdie Drive and Bridger Road
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
15
Install pedestrian crossing with flashing lights where Story Mill Park entrance aligns
with Bridger Center Drive, the access for Ghost town coffee, Zeke’s Little Store, and
other neighborhood amenities. These light/activated crossings all ensure public safety,
calm traffic, and facilitate trail connectivity.
Existing Gravel Story Mill Spur Pathway. The existing trail dead ends at Story Mill
Road. As a condition of approval, the Applicant should align one of its trails or
sidewalks with the Story Mill Spur Pathway and add a pedestrian/bike crossing with
flashing light at this location to ensure public safety.
11.3.F. Emergency Response Times: Traffic Delays and Public Safety Impacts from
Train Delays
The study concludes that 85 percent of all train crossings at Rouse Avenue would exceed the
maximum flex time, as supported by information substantiated by Montana Rail Link. Traffic
delays and public safety was a key public comment made during the public meetings on the
annexation and zoning change for the development site. These concerns remain valid for BCAN
residents. During public comment to the City commission, the commission dismissed public
concerns about emergency response time and stated that emergency vehicles could use Spring
Hill Road and not add appreciable time for emergency response. This conclusion was made
without factual basis, and the lack of logic continues with this traffic study.
The Traffic Impact Study, Appendix E, reveals extensive existing delay in response times that
exceed the four-minute response times recommended by the National Fire Protection Association.
Montana Rail Link documents that the top one percent of delays for the Rouse Avenue at-grade
railroad crossing is greater than 14 minutes, with a maximum recorded delay of almost 52
minutes. For the crossing at Wallace and L Streets, the top one percent of delays at that crossing
are 3 minutes and 16 seconds, with a maximum documented closure of over 55 minutes. The
report dismisses the maximum delays referring to them as “outliers,” but no data were presented
in the evaluation to document that conclusion. In addition, the report makes unsupported
assumptions that delays at the Wallace/L street crossing will not affect delays at Rouse Avenue’s
crossing because the longer delays at Wallace/L are due to car switches at the yard. This
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
16
assumption is not supported by fact or by local experience at all three crossings, including
Griffin’s crossing being blocked. Appendix E graphics in the traffic study also do not accurately
depict the existing condition by not showing the at-grade crossing at Griffin. The report applies
tortured logic to a very real concern for public safety. These unsupported assumptions lead the
traffic study engineer to conclude that the 4-minute target rate response time would be met
barring: mid-trip rerouting, train crossings that block both crossings, and crossings that exceed
more than 1.69 minutes. This conclusion ignores the previous TIS conclusion that 85 percent of
all train crossings at Rouse would slow emergency vehicles to the BCAN neighborhood beyond
the NFPA target emergency response time.
The Traffic Impact Study does not contemplate the impact of train crossings with the proposed
(and under projected) additional vehicle trips/day from the development. Furthermore, the traffic
study was conducted on two days when the local schools were not in session (above). If these
kinds of delays are experienced now, they will only increase with the additional traffic generated
by Canyon Gate.
Section J of the municipal code codifies the City commission’s authority to require mitigation for
identified impacts. The code further states that the standards for approval are “minimum
requirements and the public health, safety, and general welfare may be best served by exceeding
those minimums, the City commission or community development director may require as a
condition of approval mitigation exceeding the minimums of this chapter.”
Condition. The City should exercise its authority under Section 38.200.010 to prevent
adverse impacts of subdivision developments. Specifically, the City should require revision
of the number of proposed residences and commercial space proposed in the plat plan. The
development will double the number of residents in the area and also seeks to attract
shoppers to a regional location already constrained by train delays at three crossings. The
City should also require as a condition of approval that the Applicant contribute funds for
future emergency response services, including a fire department annex in the project
vicinity north of the existing railroad tracks and three crossing locations.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
17
14. Parks and Recreation
Cash in-lieu, Design Layout to Create Neighborhood-centric Design. The Parks Master Plan
(December 2022) states that dedicated parkland and open space will comprise 3.07 acres of the 24 plus
acre Canyon Gate subdivision. The Applicant is proposing that Cash-In-Lieu required based on
residential density will be proposed as Improvements-in-Lieu to the parks, totaling 2.57 acres or
$258,076 worth of improvements. This cash amount as dictated by the state legislature is currently
well under the market value at $2.30 per square foot. In effect, the City is selling the equivalent of at
least 10 building lots of one-quarter acre each that would, in today’s market, fetch something closer to
$2.5 million dollars.
Existing parks in Legends II and Story Mill Park will provide amenities for residents of Canyon Gate.
However, family-oriented amenities, such as basketball courts or children’s play areas, should be
included in the development to avoid residents having to cross Bridger Canyon drive with small
children and strollers to use the amenities at Story Mill Park. A soccer field and small sledding hill
should be included at Canyon Gate because those amenities in Legends II are at capacity during the
relevant seasons.
Condition. The City should require as conditions of approval:
Current market value analysis of the owed acreage by an independent party. The City should
not accept the cash-in-lieu offer until such time the cash-in-lieu corresponds to market value.
The full amount of required parkland and open space to expand the “neighborhood center”
replete with missing amenities of playing field, sledding hill, and ball court, increase the
existing trail space including the area between the Canyon Gate and Legends I and II
properties, and increase the open space adjacent to Legends II retention pond on Canyon
Gate’s east boundary. In that added parkland and open space, the City should require the
above missing amenities, or alternatively use that open space acreage to protect and maintain
the existing historic flood path and Cottonwood groves.
Separate the residential lots in the R3 zone from Legends I and Legends II by a 25-foot wide
open space with bike/ped paths to connect to neighboring sidewalks.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
18
Remove the proposed narrow sidewalk from Canyon Gates eastern boundary and change the
orientation of any remaining houses in that lot, so as not to face them directly onto the private
open space of Legends II retention pond thereby reducing use-of-space conflicts with Legends
II property owners.
In the R5 zone, place parking on the ground floor beneath the apartments to create covered
parking, lessening the need for snow removal and storage and increasing the land available for
park and open space.
15. Neighborhood Center Plan
By its very nature of design, a linear park cannot also act as a focal point for a neighborhood
center. Without a larger space for gathering, the Neighborhood Center Plan does not yet exist in
the Applicant’s proposal. By contrast, each of the smaller HOAs within BCAN provide a
centrally located, non-linear gathering area for their homeowners, whereas the proposed
development does not incorporate a non-linear gathering area for its own HOA members nor for
the greater neighborhood of BCAN. When reviewing the 023 Park Master Plan, two locations
could be transformed into a Neighborhood Center—(1) by expansion of the park next to Block 4,
Lot 4, or (2) putting parking under the apartment buildings on the ground level and expanding
the center park between the two apartment buildings in the R5 zone.
The Applicant states that a “linear park running east-west” through the development, picnic
tables, and an “extensive trail system” will result in a neighborhood-centric plan. The Applicant
also states that this pathway along the green space provides connectivity to other local parks.
However, the linear park is just a drainage swale to capture flood overflows. The trail on the
swale connects to retail centers, and neighboring private space, not other trail networks. For
example, to add connectivity Public Park C should extend northward on the east side of Block 3,
Lot 1, until it meets the open space sidewalk of Legends II at Maiden Spirit Street. A major park
(Story Mill) lies across State Highway 86 that will have a signal crossing installed by the City at
Story Mill Road and Bridger Canyon Drive, but other existing spur trails will be dead-ended at
traffic-heavy access locations for commercial buildings. A dog park and community garden are
proposed at the corner of Story Mill and Boylan Road because of the drainage patterns that will
likely result in inundation of this location. No parking is provided for these features, which adds
to the parking burden on neighborhood streets.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
19
Condition. The City should require as a condition of development that the Applicant meet with
BCAN, HOAs Board members, and interested members of the community to define what
defines neighborhood-centric design and how to redesign structure orientation, pathways to
connect with existing pathways, and non-linear park space to meet the definition of
neighborhood-centric parks.
16. Lighting Plan.
The Canyon Gate preliminary plat plan report states only that “All subdivision street lighting is
proposed within the street right-of-way in accordance with the City’s lighting design standards.”
This is based on Canyon Gate’s proposal to install lighting only in streets. The area is currently
valued by BCAN members as a dark-sky portion of the City. This neighborhood feature was
identified by BCAN members based on City direction during BCAN ‘s formation, so it remains
an important concern.
Condition. The City should require the Applicant to meet municipal code requirements to
submit a visual study that demonstrates appropriate steps have been taken to mitigate on-site
and off-site glare and to retain the City's character, especially in consideration of the extensive
proposed commercial development.
17. Miscellaneous
17.A. Public lands. The Applicant describes only the increase of public access to public lands
for Canyon Gate residents. It does nothing to increase the general public’s access to public lands.
Canyon Gate residents will substantially increase the use of the nearby public trails, and their
subdivision will more than double the neighborhood population.
17.C. Wildlands-urban interface. The applicant states, “The site is within the Wildlands-
Urban Interface (WUI) and lists the site and nearby areas as having low-priority hazards.” In
reality, the bear interface is active, bear proof trash and compost areas should be required.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
20
18. Affordable housing
Affordable versus Attainable. The Applicant is required to describe how the
subdivision will integrate with Division 38.380. The description must be of adequate
detail to clearly identify those lots complying with Division 38.380 requirements and to
make the obligations placed on the affected lots readily understandable.
The Applicant has not, however, labeled their income-restricted housing as “affordable”
because it falls into the “attainable“ category of 120 percent AMI. As per the checklist
response, the Applicant has left the obligations and management of the workforce
housing up to the City to decide how to manage. The remaining 410 units are not being
advertised by the Applicant as affordable or attainable. The Applicant has not taken any
known measures to prevent these 410 units from becoming second homes or short-term
rentals.
Condition. As a condition of approval, the applicant must provide additional funding for City
staff to work out the details with the City-approved community or housing entity for the work
force housing. This funding should be supported by research of expected number of hours,
etc. The cost for administering the workforce housing should not fall on the City. Additionally,
as a condition of approval, the covenants should include a line item greatly restricting the
number of short-term rentals and second homes in the remaining 410 units in order to truly
have the subdivision contribute to the much-needed housing demands in Bozeman.
19. Comments on Applicant’s Description of How the Proposed Subdivision
Advances the Adopted Growth Policy
As noted in the General comments of this letter, the City’s Community Plan is a blueprint for future
development. The plan clearly recognizes the importance of community input to the review process by
stating, “A growth policy must balance consistency with responsiveness to the needs of the community.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
21
If the policy is not consistent, it will have little value as a planning tool, nor provide an adequate basis for
implementation actions, nor have the confidence of the community. If the policy is not responsive,
policies and actions are continued that no longer address community needs, and less than optimal
guidance for future actions is provided.”
In general, it is disingenuous for the Applicant to comment on how the proposal meets neighborhood
needs when he has not provided opportunity for input on his proposal and has declined requests by a
neighboring HOA to meet. Legends II HOA recently submitted another request, this time to the City, to
require the developer to meet with the Legends II HOA to discuss the use of the HOA’s easement for
connectivity and traffic calming along North\view Street. A response from the developer is anticipated.
The Applicant offers ways in which the development meets the City’s growth policies. These summations
are deficient in the following ways:
Goal N-1, Support well planned walkable neighborhoods.
Applicant Claim. The Applicant states that the subdivision will connect neighborhoods,
schools, services, jobs, parks, and trails that will promote a walkable and bikeable community.
In Actuality. Although the project will connect an existing roadway with outlet to Boylan Road,
overall, it truncates and isolates the area for walkability and bike trail access. In addition (as
discussed above) the dead-end Canyon Boulevard creates a road to nowhere and does not connect
to Northview Street. A connection would greatly reduce traffic impacts in the existing Legends I
and II and Creekwood developments. Since the Applicant has refused to meet with the Legends II
HOA about the use of the existing easement to connect Canyon Boulevard to Northview, BCAN
has asked the City to require the Applicant to meet with Legends II HOA to discuss this vital
connection point.
Condition. The City should require the Applicant to implement the safe streets traffic calming
measures outlined above in Section A.11.(3.E). of this comment letter, including pedestrian
crossings and signage.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
22
Goal N-2. Pursue simultaneous emergence of commercial nodes and
residential development.
Applicant Claim. The Applicant states that the subdivision’s commercial nodes along Story
Mill Road and Bridger Drive will be a focal point to serve neighboring communities.
In Actuality. The project is being developed as a regional commercial destination and has not
been defined as providing retail or commercial services that meet community needs. No
commitment is made to include services a community would find desirable, such as schools,
grocery stores, or a fire department annex, (to address the isolation of the three at-grade railroad
crossing). The development is designed to attract out of area shoppers and no community-based
features are offered or designed.
Condition. The City should require the Applicant to meet with the existing adjacent residents
of Legends, Creekwood, and Headlands to define what is most desired as community services
that would meet the city’s goal of integrating commercial and residential development.
Goal N-3. Promote a diverse supply of quality housing units. (Also see
Comment on 18, Affordable Housing, Above)
Applicant Claim. The Applicant states that 60 work force “Missing Middle” housing will be
constructed.
In Actuality. The Applicant committed to provide these units as affordable offerings only at the
end of a December 2022 City commission meeting attended by dozens of neighborhood residents
and only based on the extensive comments (over 400) submitted by the public on the proposed
annexation. It is important to remember that these units would not have been included at all if not
for the diligent analysis of impacts and comments provided by the public. The Applicant would
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
23
not have made this “concession” otherwise. In addition, there is no guarantee that those units will
not be used as short-term rentals or as second homes for part-time residents—the claim that these
units guarantee to alleviate the housing crisis are not supported.
Goal N-4. Continue to encourage Bozeman as a sense of place.
Applicant Claim. The Applicant states that the project will serve the surrounding community.
In Actuality. Although BCAN recognizes that the parcel was identified for development as part
of the adopted growth policy, the Applicant has never engaged the community for input into
planning for what amenities the community needs or desires. To claim this project supports
defining Bozeman’s sense of place, the Applicant has ignored community requests for input
during the preparation of the preliminary plat plan. As noted above, this part of town could
benefit from grocery stores, childcare amenities, and public transit options, none of which is
offered or suggested by the Applicant.
Goal DCD-3: Ensure multimodal connectivity within the City.
Applicant Claim. The Applicant states that “The increased development in this area is
currently spurring the expansion of public transportation services.” We assume this means
eventual expansion of HRDC’s Streamline bus service to the currently un-served areas of the
proposed development.
In Actuality. The plat plan, however, contains no plans to support or accommodate such
service, such as pullouts in the commercial areas for bus stops. The only discussion on this issue
is that the project will connect “truncated streets and sidewalks to create a continuous network of
biking and walking trails and form a community that fosters walkability.” No mention is made to
respond directly to how multi-modal connectivity is achieved. This is a minimal effort for
ensuring multimodal activity especially in light of trails left unconnected and in no way offsets
the negative impacts of high density residential and commercial lots. The plan should also
include bike paths and a discussion of managing micro-mobility vehicle use (scooters, etc.) and
how these will be managed to avoid nuisance to residents, both existing and future.
Bridger CreekLands Association of Neighbors
Comments on Canyon Gate Major Subdivision Preliminary Plat,
Application 22265
24
Conditions. The City should require the Applicant to incorporate bus stops and additional
transition locations to existing trails and parks, including pedestrian safety measures as
conditions of approval (See comment A.11. 3.E.) above). A discussion of micro-mobility vehicles
and how they will be managed to avoid impacts to residents should be included.