HomeMy WebLinkAboutCity - 1-3-22 - FINALJohn M. Morrison
Frederick F. Sherwood
David K. W. Wilson, Jr.
Linda M. Deola
Brian J. Miller
Robert Farris-Olsen
Scott Peterson
rfolsen@mswdlaw.com
Attorneys at Law
401 North Last Chance Gulch
P.O. Box 557, Helena, Montana 59624-0557
www.mswdlaw.com
Andrée Larose
Anne Sherwood
(406) 442-3261
(406) 443-7294 FAX
January 3, 2023
Via Email
Lynn Hyde
c/o Kelley Rischke
Attorney for the City of Bozeman
KRischke@BOZEMAN.NET
Re: Sundance Springs Subdivision, Application No. 22047
Dear Kelley and Lynn:
I am writing with respect to the City’s recent decision to “pause” the review of site plan
#22047 at the request of the developer. My clients oppose this decision because it violates
important provisions of Bozeman’s Unified Development Code (UDC) and creates
unacceptable legal hardship for my clients.
As you are aware, the public comment period for Site Plan #22047 closed on December 13,
2022. As such, the deadline to issue an order approving, approving with conditions, or
denying the application was due no later than December 28, 2022. It is my understanding
that the developer requested a “pause” on the administrative review process. This request
was made on December 22, 2022. However, on December 30, 2022, the developer then
submitted a second letter challenging the public comment that my clients and others
provided. In response to the December 30, 2022, letter, the City asked for clarification on
whether the “pause” was being lifted and explained that additional public comment would
be allowed. As of this morning, January 3, 2023, we were informed that the applicant wanted
to “unpause” the hold.
It is my belief that this “pausing” and “unpausing” are not allowed by the UDC. The City
received all the information needed to act on the application, and it was reviewed for
adequacy pursuant to UDC § 38.230.090.D.2. And it was reviewed by the appropriate review
bodies, given recommendations by those bodies, and subject to public comment. Once these
actions were completed, the City had ten working days to make a decision. UDC §
38.230.090.E.1.a.
Importantly, the language in UDC § 38.230.090.E.1. is compulsory. Namely, once public
comment closes, the City Planner “must act to approve, approve with conditions, or deny an
application within ten working days of the close of the public comment.” This language is
non-discretionary, and there is no mechanism to alter this ten day period. Swearingen v. State,
2001 MT 10, ¶ 6, 304 Mont. 97, 99, 18 P.3d 998, 1000 (“‘shall’ means ‘must’ and that use of
the term ‘shall’ connotes a mandatory obligation.”). In other words, the City was required to
issue a decision after ten working days.
If the developer had withdrawn the application, the City would not need to make a decision
because there would not be an application to consider. Here, though, the applicant did not
withdraw the application, but instead chose to request to “pause” the consideration. Such a
pause is not allowed and would violate the requirements of UDC § 38.23.090.E. For that
reason, the Planner should immediately deny the application, with permission to reapply. 1
The City’s non-compliance with UDC § 38.320.090.E.1.a places demonstrable, unlawful
burden on my clients, who have invested many hundreds of hours and incurred thousands
of dollars in legal fees to meet the public comment requirements and procedural deadlines
spelled out in the UDC for the public comment period. Within the timelines for public
comment provided by the UDC, my clients and I have already informed the city that:
1. The city is non-compliant with the UDC if it approves the site plan without
considering the conditions of PUD approval contained in the (now missing
and unrecoverable) Approved Final Plan of the Sundance Springs PUD;
2. Site plan #22047 is non-compliant with the Master Plan contained in the final
application for the PUD;
3. Site plan #22047 is non-compliant with the design standards, setbacks,
foundation design, building sizes, parking requirements, and other
requirements of the PUD, as outlined in the covenants incorporated into the
final application for the PUD;
4. The request departures from the block frontage standards do not meet the
required approval criteria outlined in the UDC;
5. Parking reductions claimed within Site plan #22047 mean that the proposed
parking lots provide only 66% of the parking demand for the buildings, which
conflicts with the City Commission’s order that prohibits spillover parking
onto residential streets (an approval condition of the PUD).
1 The applicant has also admitted that its lighting plan is non-compliant.
6. The Commercial Lot Owner’s association referenced in the PUD’s covenants
no longer exists and cannot be legally reconstituted. Therefore, the developers
have no mechanism by which they can meet the approval requirements laid
out in the PUD’s final plan.
7. The City Commission has already ordered that residential housing be place on
the site in the event that commercial development becomes infeasible.
Allowing the developer to delay the decision in order to review and respond to public
comment fabricates an arbitrary ad hoc process that is not described or allowed under the
UDC. Now, my clients will incur additional time and expense in reviewing and replying to
additional information submitted during the “pause,” which is not a prescribed part of the
review process under the UDC. Further, the decision to allow the application to be “paused”
represents a threat to my client’s right to participate in the process, because it places that
right at the whim of the City’s administrative staff who, upon granting the request to “pause”
the application then operate outside the scope of the UDC and without guidance regarding
the City’s obligations to my clients (or, for that matter, to the developers). Instead, City staff
must make up the rules governing the remainder of the approval process on the fly. For
instance:
• During the “pause”, can the developer offer changes to the site plan? Can the
developer offer responses to public comments to City staff? Can the
developer provide novel interpretations of the UDC?
• If the developer cannot provide additional information to City staff, what is
the purpose of the “pause”
• If the developer can offer revisions to the application while it is “paused,”
what is the City’s obligation for public notice regarding changes? What is the
process for public participation? How much time must be allowed? Can the
City approve the project without additional public comment? Does the City
have the authority to approve a project after the mandated 10-day period has
expired?
The answers to these questions are unknowable because the UDC provides no provisions
for a “pause” nor any rules under which such a period operates. The UDC provides no
guidance on what the developer can do while the application is “paused”, what the city can
do, and what the obligations to the public need to be met. Therefore, by creating an ad hoc
“paused” status for Site Plan #22047, the City fabricates a legal context wherein my clients
have no understanding of how their right to participate is guaranteed by the City and no
recourse (except a lawsuit) to establish whether the City has provided them adequate
opportunity to participate.
Ultimately, the City failed to act within the required 10 days from the end of the public
comment period. Given the demonstrated procedural errors by the City and the numerous
incompatibilities of the application with the PUD, the orders of the City Commission, and
the other requirements of the UDC, the City should deny the application, or treat it as
withdrawn. Doing so would allow the applicant to resubmit and the City to follow the
proper processes required by the UDC.
Thank you for considering, and please do not hesitate to reach out with any
questions, concerns or simply to discuss the matter.
Sincerely,
Robert Farris-Olsen
cc: client