HomeMy WebLinkAboutResolution 3160 Amend master plan - N.19th/Oak Street
COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 3160
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF BOZEMAN,
MONTANA, AMENDING THE 1990 BOZEMAN AREA MASTER PLAN UPDATE
BY IN CORPORA TING
THE NORTH 19TH
A VENUE/WEST OAK STREET
CORRIDOR MASTER PLAN INTO SAID DOCUMENT.
WHEREAS, the City of Bozeman and the Gallatin County Commission have adopted a
master plan, pursuant to Section 76-1-604, M.C.A.; and
WHEREAS, the proposed master plan amendment has been properly submitted, reviewed
and advertised in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 76-1-601 etseq., M.C.A"
and the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update, dated October 1990; and
WHEREAS, the City-County Planning Board held a public hearing on September 4, 1996,
to receive and review all written and oral testimony on the request for the master plan amendment;
and
WHEREAS, the
City-County Planning Boa rd
recommended to the Bozeman City
Commission and the Gallatin County Board of Commissioners that the requested master plan
amendment to establish a North 19th Avenue/West Oak Street Corridor Master Plan be approved;
and
WHEREAS, the City Commission adopted Commission Resolution No. 3147 on September
16, 1996, stating its intent to revise the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update to incorporate
the North 19th Avenue/West Oak Street Corridor Master Plan; and
WHEREAS, the City Commission held a public hearing on September 16, 1996, to receive
and review all written and oral testimony on the request for a master plan amendment; and
WHEREAS, the City Commission,
following that public hearing, determined that
consideration should be given to a proposal for an "Alternative Development Review Procedure"
which was submitted during the public hearing; and
WHEREAS, the City Commission further determined that the Land Use Plan element of
the
1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update should be modified to designate Rose Park as "Public
Lands and Open Space" and the north ten acres of the Gallatin County Rest Home property as
"U rban Residential Infill"; and
WHEREAS, the City Commission adopted Commission Resolution No. 3148 on September
30, 1996, stating its intent to amend the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update by revising the
proposed sub-area plan submitted by the Planning Board for development of the North 19th
Avenue/West Oak Street corridor by adding an "Alternative Development Review Procedure"; and
WHEREAS, the City Commission held a public hearing on October 7, 1996, to received
and review all written and oral testimony pertaining to the proposal for an "Alternative Development
Review Procedure; and
.. .. -.--
.,...,.-~-,.~ .-
WHEREAS, the City Commission has reviewed and considered the four criteria established
in the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update, and found the proposed master plan amendment
to be in compliance with the four criteria; and
WHEREAS, the City Commission has found the proposed master plan amendment to
establish a North 19th Avenue/West Oak Street Corridor Master Plan, as revised to include the
"Alternative Development Review Procedure", would be appropriate and constitute an overall
improvement to the plan.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Commission of the City of Bozeman,
Montana:
That the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update is hereby amended by incorporating the
North 19th Avenue/West Oak Street Corridor Master Plan into said document. A copy of the North
19th Avenue/West Oak Street Corridor Master Plan is attached hereto as Exhibit" A". Under this
amendment, the land use designations on approximately 1 ,022 acres located in the Southeast one-
quarter of Section 26, the East one-half of Section 35, and the Southwest one-quarter of Section
36, Township 1 South, Range 5 East; and the West one-half of Section 1 and the East one-half of
Section 2, Township 2 South, Range 5 East, Montana Principal Meridian, Gallatin County, Montana,
are amended from "Urban Residential Infill" and "Residential Infill" to "Commercial", "limited
Commercial", "Business Park", "Business Park/Industrial", and "Public Lands and Open Space"; a
"Class I" entryway corridor is established along North 19th Avenue from the Interstate 90
interchange to Durston Road and along West Oak Street between North 7th Avenue and North 19th
Avenue; and a "Class II" entryway corridor is established along West Oak Street west of North
19th Avenue to the east edge of Rose Park.
PASSED AND ADOPTED by the City Commission of the City of Bozeman, Montana, at a
regular session thereof held on the 3rd day of February 1997.
( DP>-1 L~~/~
DON E. STUECK, Mayor
ATTEST:
(2L Z 2~~
ROBIN L. SULLIVAN
Clerk of the Commission
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
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Exhibit" A"
NORTH 19TH A VENUE/OAK STREET CORRIDOR
MASTER PLAN
Prepared for:
Bozeman and Gallatin County
City-County Planning Board
35 N. Bozeman Avenue
P.O. Box 640
Bozeman, Montana 59715
Prepared by:
Bozeman City-County Planning Office
35 N. Bozeman Avenue
P.O. Box 640
Bozeman, Montana 59715
3 FEBRUARY 1997
....---.--
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES ......................... ....... ............................................... ............. v
LIST OF FIGURES......................................................................................... vi
EXECUTIVE SUMMARy................... ........... ........... ............. .................. ...... vii
I. INTRODUCTION ................ ........ ...................................... ...
... ............... 1
1.0 PLANNING INVENTORV AND ANAL VSIS..............
...................... 1
1.1 GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICiES................
......................... 1
1.2 WORK PROGRAM.............. ..........
........... .......... ............ ........ .........2
1.3 COMMUNITV PARTiCiPATION.....
......................................... ........2
1.4 ORGANIZA TION OF DOCUMENT. ...................
......... ........... .........3
II. BACKGROUND. ............... ...... ........... .......... .....................................
.....5
2.0 PAST COMPREHENSIVE PLANS ..............
........................... ......... 5
2.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND.........................
............................... 6
2.2 REVIEW OF APPLICABLE RESOURCE
DOCUMENTS ................ 6
2.2.1 Wastewater Facility Plan................
.................................... 6
2.2.2 Areawide Water Plan.....................
..................................... 6
2.2.3 Water Rate Evaluation...................
..................................... 7
2.2.4 Stormwater Master Plan..................
................................... 7
2.2.5 Bozeman Park and Recreation
Inventory
and Work Plan.. .......... .......
...................................... ............ 7
2.2.6 Outdoor Recreation - Open
Space Plan
for Gallatin County...........................
.................................. 7
2.2.7 Transportation Plan.....
....... ............... ............. ....... .............7
Page i
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--
Table of Contents
III. NORTH 19TH AVENUE/OAK STREET
CORRIDOR STUDY AREA.......... ......... ..............................................9
3.0 BOUNDARY DESCRiPTION.........
........... ............ ................. ..........9
3.1 INVENTORY ANALySiS............................
..................................... 9
3.1.1
Existing Land Use and Zoning.......................................... 9
Lan d Use............................................................................... 9
Zoning Districts ................................................................... 1 0
3.1.2 Socio-Economic Characteristics..........
... ............. ........... 11
3.1.3 Environmental Analysis..................
................................. 12
Streams & Ditches....... .......... ...................................................12
Wetlands ................................................................................... 14
Seasonal High Water Table/Groundwater ..............................15
Bozeman Solvent Site ...............................................................17
Agricultural Land..................................................................... 17
3.1.4 Community Impact Analysis...............
.................................18
Municipal Water System...... ......................................... .......... .18
Municipal Sewer System.......................................................... 18
Storm Drainage............. ......... ................................... ............... .19
Park Land, Recreation, and Open Space.................................19
Transportation.......................................................................... 20
Historic Resources ............ ......... ... ......................... ... .......... ......23
Housing..................................................................................... 24
Schools....................................................................................... 25
3.1.5 Land Use Inventory......................
......................................... 25
National Land Use Ratios......................................................... 25
City of Bozeman/Extraterritorial Area Zoning Inventory ......26
Local Land Use Designations ...................................................27
Land Allocation/Availability.................................................... 29
3.1.6 Capital Improvements Program............
........................... 30
Transportation.......................................................................... 30
Municipal Water System..................... ............................... ...... 32
Municipal Sewer System.......................................................... 32
Impact Fee Program................................................................. 33
Page Ii
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Table of Contents
IV. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND IMPLEMENTATION POLlCIES....35
4.0 GOAL 1 .......................................
.................................................. 35
4.1 GOAL 2 .......................................
.................................................. 37
4.2 GOAL 3.... ...................
........ .......... ........... ... ........ ............ ........ ...... 37
4.3 GOAL 4........................................
................................................. 38
4.4 GOAL 5 .......................................
.................................................. 39
V. MASTER PLAN ELEMENTS.... ............ .............................. .... ............
41
5.0 LAND USE PLAN.................................
......................................... 41
5.0.1 Land Use Classifications................
.................................. 42
5.0.2 Land Use Implementation
Guidelines..............................43
5.1 PARKS AND OPEN SPACE.... ...........
............. ............................ ......45
5.1.1 Park Land...............................
............................................ 45
5.1.2 Rose Park...............................
............................................ 46
5.1.3 Open Space/Trail Corridors..............
................................ 46
5.1.4 Parks and Open Space Interface
with Other
Plan Elements.................................
................................... 47
5.1.5 Park and Open Space Implementation
Guidelines.........47
5.2 GREENWAY CORRIDORS PLAN ............
........ ......................... .......48
5.2.1 Greenbelt/Open Space Corridors..
............ ... ..... ..... .......... 48
5.2.2 Planned Unit Development
Overlay................................. 49
5.2.3 Greenway Corridor Guidelines............
............................. 49
5.3 TRANSPORT A TION PLAN.......
........... ....................................... ......50
5.4 ENVIRONMENT ALL Y SENSITIVE AREAS
PLAN....................... 50
5.4.1 Environmentally Sensitive
Area Implementation
Guidelines....................................
................................................ 51
Page iii
Table of Contents
VI. IMPLEMENT A TION......,.. ......... ............. ..,......... ..................................
. .......53
6.0 ANNEXATION.....................,..............
........................................... 53
6.1 SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS ............
.......................... ...... ........ 54
6.2 ZONING ORDINANCE..............................
.................................... 54
6.3 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM..................
.................... 56
Pageiv
List of Tables
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE
1 Land Use Acreage in the N. 19th Avenue/
Oak Street Corridor Study Area.................................................
1 0
2 Zoning District Acreage in the N. 19th Avenue/
Oak Street Corridor Study Area.................................................
10
3 Housing Units..............................................................................
11
4 Population....................................................................................
12
5 Comparison of Land Use Ratios, Bozeman vs. National
Averages for Cities Under 100,000 Population...................."... 26
6 Zone Areas within City Limits....................................................
28
7 Zone Areas Within the Extra-Territorial Area........................... 28
8 Commercial Land - Zoning and Its Relative
Quantities and Ratios.................................................................
29
9 Industrial Land - Zoning and Its Relative
Quantities and Ratios .................................................................
30
Page v
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List of Figures
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE
1 Study Area Boundaries
2 Current Land Use
3 Current Zoning Districts
4 Streams, Ditches and Wetlands
5 Seasonal High Water Table and Hydric Soils
6 Existing and Planned Public Infrastructure
7 Limited Public Street Access Points
8 Existing and Planned Park and Recreation Resources
9 City of Bozeman and Extraterritorial Area Zoning Inventory
10 Current Master Plan Designations
11 Land Use Plan
Page vi
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Executive Summary
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The N. 19th A venue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan differs ITom the 1983 master plan and the 1990
master plan update by focusing on a single portion of the jurisdictional area of the City of Bozeman
rather than its entirety. As a result, some of the goals and policies are specific to this area and should
not be extrapolated to the entire jurisdiction. This sub-area plan introduces several new concepts or
planning strategies to the planning process in Bozeman. Areas
of special emphasis or where
substantial change was made are as follows:
. Two new land use classifications- Business Park and Limited Commercial;
. Modification and establishment of entry way corridors along N. 19th A venue and
Oak Street
. Introduction of Greenway
corridors and their
implementation through Planned Unit
Developments or an alternative development review process designed to achieve the
same
objectives;
. Modification to and expanded use of Planned Unit Developments in the study area;
. Introduction environmentally sensitive lands as a master plan overlay;
. Changes to the Land Use Element of the Master Plan as illustrated in Figure 11;
and
. The importance of open space, both public and private, in creating the desired community
image.
This master plan is presented in six sections
I. Introduction
II. Background - Discussion of the history of planning in Bozeman and relevant resource documents
for this effort
HI. North 19th A venue/Oak Street Corridor Study Area - A description of the area including various
resource inventories and analysis
IV. Goals and Objectives - Formulation by the Planning Board and Staff after public participation
V. Master Plan Elements - Description of those strategies needed to provide general guidance to
future development in the study area
VI. Implementation - Discussion of the necessary changes to the existing ordinances, regulations, and
procedures, and new methods to provide for implementation of the Goals and Policies
of the
Master Plan
The Goals and Policies laid out in Section IV of this document are the basis for all other elements of
this plan. They are the result of three public forums, discussion with the
public through written
comment and office visits, field trips to inspect the area under consideration, and many hours of work
by the Planning Board and Staff. All other elements of the Master
Plan are intended to provide
information for and implementation of the goals formulated through the public participation process.
Page vii
North 19th Avenue/Oak Street
Corridor Master Plan
I. INTRODUCTION
In 1990, the Bozeman City Commission and Gallatin County Commission adopted an update of the
Bozeman Area Master Plan that rccognized the impact ccrtain major transportation arterials would
have on the future character of the community, as well as on its economic vitality. With construction
of N. 19th Avenue and the N. 19th Avenue/Interstate-90 interchange in 1995, as well as thc
anticipated construction of Oak Street between N. 7th Avenue and N. 19th Avenue, the Bozeman
City-County Planning Board recognized the need to reevaluate the community's 1990 Bozeman Area
Master Plan Update.
The Bozeman City-County Planning Board has initiated this document, the N. 19th Avenue/Oak
Street Corridor Master Plan, as a supplement to the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update, to
provide a vision for futurc growth in the N. 19th A vcnuc/Oak Street corridor area.
Thc Board
intends to prepare a plan that provides for a beautiful entryway to Bozeman, areas for commercial and
industrial expansion, and attractive and varied residential options. The plan will coordinate land use
recommendations for the area with capital facilitics planning, sensitive lands considerations, Rose
Park, and other established land uses.
1.0 PLANNING INVENTORY AND ANAL YSIS
The background information for the planning area consists of an inventory and analysis of past and
present conditions. This inventory and analysis includes:
physical land characteristics of soils,
groundwatcr, wetlands and watercourses; land use patterns such as existing uses, land ownership,
Master Plan and zoning designations; social characteristics such as population patterns and
projections, housing patterns, community attitudes and priorities for the future; and public
infrastructure such as utility services, transportation patterns, community facilities and public services.
1.1 GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
Based on critical issues identified in the inventory and analysis of environmental and community
impacts, as well as community attitudes, opinions and concerns, a draft set of goals, policies, and
objectives was prepared by the Bozeman City-County Planning Office for consideration and
discussion by the Planning Board. Goals, policies and objectives were drafted for each of the major
Master Plan issues which include:
. Land Use
. Transportation
. Municipal Facilities and Utilities
. Housing and Historic Preservation
. Entryway Corridors
. Environmentally Sensitive Lands
The draft goals, objectives and policies were presented to the Bozeman City-County Planning Board
for review and comment through a public forum format. The goals, policies and objectives were then
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
revised and refined before a final public hearing was conducted, and before a recommendation was
sent to the Bozeman City Commission and the Gallatin County Commission for adoption.
1.2 WORK PROGRAM
The work program conducted by the Bozeman City-County Planning Officc was composed of four
primary work tasks, and appropriate sub-tasks, as listed below:
. Work Task 1 - Perform Inventory
and Analysis
.
Existing Land Use and Zoning
.
Socio-Economic Characteristics
.
Environmental Analysis/Environmentally Sensitive Lands
.
Community Impact Inventory and Analysis
.
Land Use Inventory
.
Capital Facilities
. Work Task 2 ~ Development of
Goals, Objectives and Implementation Policies
.
Environmental, Aesthetics, and Natural Resources
.
Residential and Historic Resources
.
Commercial, Industrial, and Economic Development
.
Transportation/Municipal Facilities
. Work Task 3 - Development of
Master Plan Elements
.
Land Use Plan
.
Parks and Open Space Plan
.
Greenway Corridors Plan
.
Transportation Plan
.
Environmentally Sensitive Areas Plan
. Work Task 4 - Development of
Implementation Strategy
.
Annexation
.
Subdivision Regulations
.
Zoning Ordinance
.
Capital Improvements Program
1.3 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
Throughout the planning process the Bozeman City-County Planning Board emphasized community
participation through a public forum format, which offered the general public the opportunity to voice
their concerns and opinions. Three public forums were noticed in the newspaper and held before the
Planning Board. The first forum, held on 18 June 1996, identified thirteen general topics of concern
for the study area, and as a result preliminary goals, objectives and implementation policies were
prepared for consideration by the Planning Board. On 16 July 1996, a second public forum gave the
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
public and principal property owners in the study area the chance to discuss with the Planning Board
options for proposed Land Use Classifications that would guide future growth in the study area.
The Planning Board also held a special meeting with concerned citizens and principal property owners
in the study area on 18 July 1996, to discuss future development options and preferences for land use
classifications. The Planning Board participated in two separate field trips to the study area and in a
number of special meetings with the Planning Staff to review project progress and to prepare for a
public hearing to be held on 20 August 1996. A special meeting of the Planning Board was held on
23 July 1996 to conclude public input and participation prior to the 20 August 1996 public hearing,
and to finalize the preliminary draft recommendations for the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor
MasterPlan. However, a third public forum was held on 8 August 1996, resulting ITom a special
meeting on 31 July 1996, regarding the ability to implement parkway corridors along N. 19th Avenue
and Oak Street. The third public forum discussed the proposal for planned unit developments (PUD)
review procedures for all non-residential land in the study area. As a result of the third meeting, the
public hearing before the Bozeman City-County Planning Board was rescheduled to 4 September
1996.
The Planning Staff employed recommendations ITom the public and the Planning Board meetings to
prepare a preliminary draft document. This document will be available to the general public prior to
the public hearings before the Bozeman City-County Planning Board, Bozeman City Commission and
Gallatin County Commission. Coverage of the planning process by the Bozeman Daily Chronicle has
encouraged further awareness of, and participation in, the planning process by the public.
1.4 ORGANIZATION OF DOCUMENT
The remainder of this document presents the results of the planning process and is organized into
Chapters II, III, IV, and V which correspond to the four major work tasks.
. Chapter II "Inventory and Analysis" - Presents and analyzes background information
that
describe existing conditions in the study area.
. Chapter III "Goals, Objectives and Implementation Policies" - Defines specific goals,
objectives and implementation policies which the governing bodies have chosen to
pursue with
regard to the study area's growth, development and revitalization.
. Chapter IV "Master Plan" - Presents the various land uses, transportation, municipal
facilities
and utilities, housing, economic development and conservation clements which comprise
the N.
19th A venue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan.
. Chapter V "Implementation" - Presents a program for Master Plan Implementation strategies,
including recommended regulatory actions, capital investments, responsibilities,
resources and
timing.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
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Historic resource home on Durston Road
Page 4
North 19th Avenue/Oak Street
Corridor Master Plan
II.
BACKGROUND
2.0 PAST COMPREHENSIVE PLANS
In 1958 the City of Bozeman hired S.R. Deboer & Company (of Denver, CO) to prepare the City's
first comprehensive plan. This plan included studies on transportation, street
planning, zoning
districts, parks and recreation, schools, park roads, and sanitation and health. This plan focused on
the development of a transportation and street plan. Many present-day streets
were constructed
based on that planning effort.
In 1960, the Planning Board updated the 1958 plan and largely revised the major street plan. Other
changes in the 1960 plan included the preparation of a draft ordinance to update the City's
subdivision regulations, preparation of an industrial ordinance, a recommendation to enact a transition
overlay district, and recommended zoning for the jurisdiction.
In 1972, a revised master plan was completed which included a comprehensive land use plan, and land
use maps for both the City and jurisdictional area. This plan included extended goals and objectives
that were formulated by the planning advisory committee. The 1972 plan also contained sections on
population, housing, physiographic constraints, economics, parks and recreation, transportation, and
an existing land use study. Final1y, the fol1owing concepts were fITst introduced
in the 1972 plan:
rural development nodes; a maximum density of one dwel1ing unit per 10 acres in undeveloped rural
areas; and discouragement of development in areas not served by municipal water and sewer.
In 1983, the current Bozeman Area Master Plan was adopted. This plan
was prepared by the
Bozeman City-County Planning Staff, and contained 25 goals and 47 policies to provide the basis for
planning decisions. This plan breaks issues, goals and policies down into four major designations:
. The area within the City limits of Bozeman is proposed to develop at urban densities
with growth
occurring as public facilities arc expanded;
. Development in the proposed sewer service area, extended about one mile around the
City limits,
is to be restricted to 20 acres per dwelling unit to prevent the City rrom becoming
surrounded by
large lot development;
. All other subdivided areas arc designated as rural development nodes.
The increased
development in these areas would provide for cost-effective services and would provide
incentives
for filling vacant lots in existing subdivisions;
In 1990, the Bozeman Area Master Plan Update was prepared. This document updated, but did not
totally replace, the 1983 plan. The 1990 Update achieved the fol1owing:
. Simplified Master Plan land use recommendations, allowing for more flexibility in
decision
making;
. Gave a stronger vision to land use concepts and projects which recognized and enhanced
the
Bozeman area's unique environmental and cultural assets;
Page 5
North 19th A venue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
. Encouraged more development within the Urban Growth Area, and tess scattered development
in
the unserviced rural areas;
.
. Identified long-term major capital improvement projects, beyond the scope of then
current annual
funding, which will further the Master Plan;
. Provided a basis for revision of the Bozeman Zoning Ordinance.
2.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
To date Bozeman's traditional position has been that of a major trading post for a variety of
agricultural products resulting from highly productive soils tound throughout the Gallatin valley. The
N. 19th A venue/Oak Street Corridor study area continues to date to demonstrate this farming
heritage, with a substantial portion of the study area still cultivated for irrigated crops and used for
livestock production. However, with the construction of
N. 19th Avenue and the N. 19th
Avenue/Interstate-90 interchange in 1995 and anticipated construction of Oak Street, the area is
recognized as the next significant land located within the City-County Planning Jurisdiction to be
developed at urban densities. Already in close proximity to the interstate transportation system, only
the anticipated extension of municipal infrastructure and services will delay urban development of the
area.
2.2 REVIEW OF APPLICABLE RESOURCE DOCUMENTS
2.2.1
Wastewater Facility Plan
In 1978, a Wastewater Facility
Plan was prepared to analyze what was then the existing
wastewater treatment system
and to identifY alternative systems improvements for the
secondary treatment of wastewater.
These improvements were needed to address Montana
Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System permit violations being experienced at the time. The
improvements outlined in this
plan were completed in 1982. During this time, the wastewater
treatment plant was upgraded
to service a population of 55,000.
A new Wastewater Facility Plan
is currently being prepared. This plan will evaluate existing
conditions such as population,
zoning, wastewater flows and loads, the wastewater collection
system, infiltration and inflow,
and the wastewater treatment system. It then will examine
future conditions such as population
projections, flow and load projections, drainage areas
within the 20-year planning
area, and wastewater collection and treatment.
2.2.2
Areawide Water Plan
This plan was prepared in 1973
to analyze water improvements for immediate needs, and
provide five year, ten year,
and long-range plans. Under this plan, the City constructed a filter
treatment facility, large distribution
mains, and additional storage facilities.
A new Water Facility Plan is
currently being prepared. This new plan will evaluate existing
conditions such as population,
zoning and population density, water consumption, water
rights and storage, and the
water system. This plan will also evaluate the water treatment
Page 6
North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
plant and water quality characteristics. Final1y, the plan will recommend needed water system
and treatment plant improvements.
2.2.3 Water Rate Evaluation
The original evaluation by Thomas, Dean & Hoskins in 1977 was superseded by a similar
evaluation completed by the CH2M Hill Co. in 1981. The new study established a cost-of-
service rate structure that was approved by the Montana Public Service Commission.
The
cost-of-service rate structure has been reviewed annually.
2.2.4 Stormwater Master Plan
This plan was prepared in 1982 by Thomas, Dean & Hoskins, and provided the technical
criteria by which the Bozeman Engineering Office reviews development proposals for storm
drainage contro1. This includes water quality treatment, maintenance of historic
drainage
patterns, and runoff rate attenuation methods.
2.2.5 Bozeman Park and Recreation Inventory and Work Plan
This plan was prepared by Bozeman City-County Planning Staff in 1975.
It analyzed the
recreational needs of existing and future populations, and evaluated whether existing facilities
would adequately meet their needs. It led to the recommendations
and plans for parks in
Bozeman.
2.2.6 Outdoor Recreation - Open Space Plan for Gallatin County
This plan was prepared by the Gallatin County Subdivision Review Office in 1989. It contains
a detailed inventory and description of all parks (public and private), recreation and school
lands in Gallatin County. The plan suggests the adoption of subdivision
park location and
development, cash-in-lieu fund disbursement criteria, and linear park linkages.
2.2.7 Transportation Plan
The Bozeman Transportation Plan was prepared in 1982 by Clete Daily and Associates of
Helena, MT. This plan evaluated the existing transportation system, reviewed existing street
and traffic conditions, and anticipated future traffic pattern and transportation network
problems based on population projections.
This plan was largely updated in 1993 in the Bozeman Urban Transportation Plan Update by
Robert Peccia & Associates of Helena, MT. The update examined the overall transportation
system for the City, analyzed future system needs based on modeling, prepared a list of
recommended improvements, conducted a fmancial analysis for potential funding sources, and
created a strategy for implementing recommended improvements.
Page 7
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
III. NORTH 19TH AVENUE/
OAK STREET CORRIDOR STUDY AREA
3.0 BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION
The study area for the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan is generally determined
by the two arterial streets which intersect in the middle of the study area and have the most influence
on future growth in the area. These arterials arc N. 19th A venue between
Durston Road and
Interstate-90 (north/south axis), and Oak Street between N. 7th Avenue and Rose Park (east/west
axis) (see Figure 1).
The north boundary of the study area is defined by the N. 19th Avenue/Interstate-90 interchange and
the Walker Property Planned Unit Development. Interstate-90, eastbound ITom the N. 19th Avenue
interchange, serves as the northeast boundary, while the N. 7th Avenue corrunercial corridor and N.
8th Avenue right-of-way establish the easternmost boundary. Durston Road, ITom N. 7th Avenue to
the existing City limits (in the general area of Western Drive), outlines the southern border of the
study area. The extension of the current City limits in the area of Western Drive, northward along
Thomas Drive to Interstate-90, establishes the westernmost boundary for the study area.
The
approximate area of the study area for this Master Plan is approximately 1,021 acres, which includes
public dedicated roads and public road easements.
3.1 INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS
The following section inventories existing conditions within the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor
study area, to assess the potential impacts of changes in land use designations.
The fol1owing are
included in this section: existing land use and zoning classifications; socio-economic characteristics;
environmental analysis; community impact analysis; land use inventory; and capital facilities plan.
3.1.1 Existing Land Use and
Zoning Classifications
Land Use
Figure 2 shows the existing land uses within the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor
study
area, and Table 1 shows the acreage for different land uses within the study area.
As shown in
Table 1, the largest existing land use in the study area is agriculture with approximately
74
percent of the land area. The
second largest land use is vacant with roughly 7 percent,
followed by single-family residential with roughly 6 percent of the land area.
Most of the study area's single-family residential land uses are found in the Brentwood,
Homesites, Maple Terrace and Royal Vista Addition subdivisions. Other single-family
homes
are scattered around the study area. The multifamily residential uses arc found
in the Arcadia
Gardens and Homesites subdivisions, as well as in the Gallatin Valley Rest Home
and the
Legion Villa apartment complex. The mobile home park uses are contained in the Covered
Wagon Mobile Home Park and in the Hornesites subdivision. The only school in the
study
area, Emily Dickinson School, is west of the Brentwood subdivision, and the only
church is
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
east of the Arcadia Gardens apartment complex on Durston Road. All of the light
manufacturing and heavy industrial uses are in the Gardner-Simmcntallndustrial Plaza.
Table 1: land Use Acreage in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Study Area
Land Use Number of Acres Percentage
of Total Study Area
Administrative/professional 18.2 I. 7 percent
Agriculture 783.6 74.4 percent
Church 0.7 0.0 percent
Duplex/triplex 1.4 0.1 percent
Heavy industrial 4.2 0.4 percent
Light manufacturing 16.4 1.6 percent
Mobile home park 41.2 3.9 percent
Multifamily residential 15.4 1.5 percent
Park land 25.0 2.4 percent
Schools 9.8 0.9 percent
Single-family residential 62.9 6.0 percent
Vacant 74.6 7.1 percent
Source: /995 City qfBozeman Land Use Map.
Zonina Districts
Figure 3 shows the existing zoning districts within the N. ] 9th A venue/Oak Street Corridor
study area, and Table 2 shows the acreage for each zoning category in the study area.
Table 2: Zoning District Acreage in the N. 19th Avenue!
Oak Street Corridor Study Area
Zoning Category Number of Acres
Percentage of Total Study Area
A-S (Agriculture Suburban) 353.3
34.6 percent
B-1 (Neighborhood Service) 10.8 1.1 percent
B-2 (Community Business) 30.9 3.0 percent
M-l (Light Manufacturing) 128.9
12.6 percent
PLI (Public Lands & Institutions) 26.9
2.6 percent
R-2 (Single-family, Medium-Density) 18.6
1.8 percent
R-2-A (Single-family. Medium-Density) 47.1
4.8 percent
R-3 (Residential, Medium-density) 344.6 33.7
percent
R-4 (Residential, High-density) 36.2
3.5 percent
R-O (Residential Office) 12.5 1.3 percent
Source: Ot/icial City of Bozeman Zoning Map. 1993.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Land zoned A-S covers a substantial area in the northwest part of the study area, and between
Gardner-Simmental Industrial Plaza and Interstate-90. There is
more A-S land east of the
Covered Wagon Mobile Home Park and the Homesites subdivision, as well as cast of the
Gallatin Valley Rest Home. Land zoned M-l lies within the Gardner-Simmental
Industrial
Plaza, and along Baxter Lane. Land zoned R-2 includes the Maple
Terrace and Homesites
subdivisions. The Brentwood subdivision is zoned R-2-A.
Land zoned R-3 includes the
Covered Wagon Mobile Home Park, the Annie Subdivision, land north of Oak Street, and
land along the southeast boundary of the study area. Land zoned R-4 includes the Arcadia
Gardens apartment complex, the Legion Villa Apartments, and land north of the Gallatin
Valley Rest Home. There is land zoned R-O southeast of the Brentwood
subdivision, and
north of the Gallatin Valley Rest Home. There is a B-1 district on the northwest comer ofN.
19th Avenue and Durston Road. Finally, there is some B-2 zoned land between Baxter Lane
and the extension of Oak Street. See Figure 9 for zoning ratios.
3.1.2 Socio-Economic Characteristics
The most recent socio-economic data available for the Bozeman area is from the 1990 Census
of Population and Housing. However, many housing units have been
constructed and the
population has increased in the study area since 1990. Therefore,
a count of housing units
within the study area was conducted using current (5 June 1996) aerial photos.
A total of
approximately 550 housing units was counted.
Table 3: Housing Units
Traffic Analysis Zone No. 1990*
1996** 2000*** 2010***
170
11 90 38
64
172
0 2 27
53
174
105 307 262
271
176
1 1 28
54
178
124 124 142
160
180
0 0 61
79
182
25 25 20
38
262
0 1 9
9
264
1 1 1
1
TOTAL
267 551 588
729
*Based on /990 U.S. Census of Populatioll alld Housing
**Based 011 1996 BozenWII City-County Planning Sta/reslimate
***Based on 1992 Ci(y consultallt pr()jectiolls
For the 1993 Bozeman Urban Transportation Plan Update, the Bozeman City-County
Planning Jurisdiction was divided into traffic analysis zones (T AZs), and socio-economic
information was evaluated using the T AZs. The study area contains nine traffic analysis zones
(see Appendix A). The housing units in the study area were al10cated among these nine T AZs
as shown in Table 3 above. In addition to the] 996 housing units estimated by the planning
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
staff using aerial photography, Table 3 also shows housing unit numbers ITom the 1990
Census, and housing estimates done by a City transportation consultant for the years 2000 and
2010.
Using the number of housing units per T Az, along with population per unit calculations fTom
1990 Census data, the current population for the study area can be estimated as shown in
Table 4. Estimates made by a City transportation consultant are also shown
for the years
2000 and 20 I O. The table illustrates that 1996 population estimates for the study area have
already surpassed the population projections the consultant had made for the year 2000.
Table 4: Population
Traffic Analysis
1990* 1996** 2000***
2010***
Zone No.
Pop Pop/Unit Pop Pop/Unit
Pop Pop/Unit Pop Pop/Unit
170
43 3.8 342 3.8
144 3.8 243 3.8
172
0 0 5 2.6
70 2.6 138 2.6
174
230 2.2 675 2.2
576 2.2 596 2.2
176
1 1.0 1 1.0
28 1.0 54 1.0
178
198 1.6 198 1.6
227 1.6 256 1.6
180
() 2.5 0 2.5
153 2.5 198 2.5
182
63 2.5 63 2.5
50 2.5 95 2.5
262
0 0 3 2.6
23 2.6 47 2.6
264
2 2.0 2 2.0
2 2.0 2 2.0
TOTAL 537
N/A 1,289 N/A 1,273
N/A 1,629 N/A
*Based on 1990 Us. Census qf Population and !-lousing
**Based Ull 1996 Bozeman City-County Planning Staff estimate
***Based 011 1992 City consultant projections
City of Bozeman percentages (calculated using 1990 Census data) for other socio-economic
factors such as gender, ethnic origin, age distribution, school enrollment, employment status,
and educational attainment were applied to the 1996, 2000 and 2010 population estimates for
the study area. Tables showing these other socio-economie factors arc shown in Appendix B.
3.1.3 Environmental Analysis
Streams and Ditches
Streams and Ditches in the Study Area
Several streams, ditches and stream/ditch combinations run through the study area. East and
West Catron Creek flow northward to the west of N. 19th Avenue and join west of the N.
19th A venue/Interstate-90 interchange. West Catron Creek is
a stream flowing along the
western edge of the study area. East Catron Creek is a stream/ditch
combination which
branches to either side of the Brentwood Subdivision. Both
branches originate south of
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Bozeman. A ditch connects E. and W. Catron Creek north of Baxter Road.
Another series
of streams and ditches flow north between N. 7th and N. 19th Avenues.
Mandevi11e Creek
flows general1y where the N. 11th Avenue alignment wi11 be. Two ditches fol1ow both the N.
19th A venue alignment (Farmers Canal) and what will be the N. 15th A venue alignment
(Walton's Ditch). At Oak Street, Farmers Canal turns east to merge with Walton's Ditch and
form a stream/ditch which flows north across Interstate-90 and merges with Mandeville
Creek.
Threats to Streams and Ditches
There arc a number of factors that can degrade streams and ditches:
. Changes in water quantity or flow;
. Modification of the river channel and riverine ecosystem morphology through darns,
reservoirs, channelization, and drainage and fil1ing of wetlands;
. Urbanization;
. Damaging land use practices, including some agricultural practices;
. Degrading of water quality through addition of point-source and nonpoint-source
contaminants.
Of these, urbanization presents the greatest threat to the stream and ditch resources in the
study area. First, urbanization results in alteration of the natural drainage
pattern. As the
landscape's ability to transport and accommodate runoff is compromised, the possibility of
flooding increases. Urbanization also results in more impervious surfaces,
especial1y in the
form of parking lots, roads, and root.,. This results in increased
overland flows, stream
overloading, and possible flooding. Final1y, urbanization results
in urban residues and
pol1utants carried by overland flow and deposited in streams and rivers, degrading water
qual ity.
Regulations Pertaining to Streams and Ditches
A watercourse is defined as any natural stream, river, creek, drainage, waterway, gully, ravine
or wash in which water flows either continuously or intermittently.
The Bozeman Zoning
Ordinance requires that no newly constructed structures, additions to existing structures,
parking lots, or other improvements be located closer than 35 feet ITom the mean high water
mark of a watercourse. Any waterbody created solely for the conveyance of irrigation water
is not considered to be a watercourse. The mean high water mark is defined as the line which
the water impresses on the soil by covering it for sufficient periods to deprive it of vegetation.
In order to re-Iocate or pipe an irrigation ditch, permission must be obtained ITom the owner
of the ditch as well as ITom the Farmer's Canal Board. A 310 Permit must be obtained ITom
the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) to relocate and/or pipe a stream or
ditch. In recent years, the NRCS has been discouraging or forbidding the relocation and/or
piping of streams and ditches.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
The following State of Montana regulations would pertain to streams and ditches in the study
area: Montana Stream Protection Act (SPA Permit); Storm Water Discharge General Permits;
Short- Term Exemption :trom Montana's Surface Water Quality Standards (3A Authorization);
Montana Natural Streambed and Land Preservation Act (310 Pennit); Montana Pol1utant
Discharge Elimination System (MPDES Pennit); and the Montana Water Quality Act.
Finally, Section 404 ofthe Federal Clean Water Act would apply to streams in the study area.
Wetlands
Wetlands are generally identified and delineated by the following characteristics:
1. The
presence of water on or near the surface for all or part of the year;
2. The presence of
distinctive. soils (hydric soils), often with organic content, which are clearly different :trom
upland soils and are poorly drained; 3. The presence of vegetation (hydrophytes) composed
of species adapted to wet soils, surface water, and/or flooding.
Wetlands in the Study Area
There are several artificial wetlands in the N. 19th Avenue study area (see Figure 4). Artificial
wetlands result :trom agricultural practices such as irrigation. The Army Corps of Engineers
regulates artificial wetlands the same as natural wetlands.
One wetland in the study area is located north of the Brentwood Subdivision.
It has two
branches that extend northwest beyond Baxter Lane, and northeast into the Gardner-
Simmental Industrial Plaza. Another wetland is located along Baxter Lane and Interstate-90.
ft has two branches that extend south along the eastern side of the study area and southwest
along the east side of the Covered Wagon Trailer Park, and the Maple Terrace and Homesite,s
Subdivisions. Both branches extend to Durston Road. Finally, a small wetland lies within the
northernmost part of the study area.
Wetland Functions and Values
Some socio-economic values of wetlands include: aesthetics,
recreation, erosion control,
education and scientific
research, and groundwater
recharge/water supply. Some
environmental quality functions of wetlands include: pollution filtration, chemical and nutrient
absorption, sediment removal,
aquatic productivity, oxygen
production, microclimate
regulation nutrient recycling, and world climate regulation.
Finally, wetlands provide
important fish and wildlife habitat.
Costs of Developing In and Around Wetlands
There are a number of costs - environmental and practical - associated with development in
and around wetlands. Environmental costs include I) degradation of habitat necessary for the
survival of many aquatic and terrestrial species; and 2) the compromise of water supplies and
water quality.
Beyond the environmental costs, there are also many practical costs associated with
devclopment in and near wetlands. First, wetlands typical1y
form in areas characterized by
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Nonh 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
poor drainage conditions which are ill-suited for most development.
Development in these
areas often involves considerable expense for site drainage, flood protection, and facility
maintenance. Second, most wetlands are characterized by organic (hydric) soils
that are
unstable for most types of development. Therefore, the costs of development resulting trom
complex engineering design requirements or the need to excavate and replace the soils can be
significant. Third, draining wetlands often lowers nearby water tables, sometimes affecting
water quality and availability. Finally, wetlands can be used as landscape amenities similar to
lakes and streams, and improve land values and design schemes; destruction of wetlands
removes these natural amenities.
Regulations Pertaining to Wetlands
Several state and federal regulations apply to wetlands. At the
state level, the Montana
PoUutant Discharge Elimination System (MPDES Permit) applies to aU discharges to surface
water or groundwater, including wetlands. The Montana Water Quality
Act prohibits the
pollution of state waters, including wetlands. Finally, Section 404 of the Federal Clean Water
Act regulates the discharge or placement of dredged or fiU material into wetlands.
Section
404 is administered by the Army Corps of Engineers.
Seasonal Hil!h Water Table/Groundwater
The water table is generally defined as the upper boundary of the zone of groundwater. Water
table levels fluctuate naturally during the year due to changes in recharge and discharge rates.
Typical1y, water table levels are highest in the winter or spring because of snowmelt and rains
and low use by plants. During the summer months, water tables fan because of evaporation
and uptake by vegetation. Human activities, such as pumping groundwater, also affect water
tables. Areas with a high water are characterized by hydric soils, or soils that are saturated to
the extent that anaerobic conditions exist and plants cannot survive.
Seasonal High Water Table in the Study Area
The N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street study area has several areas with seasonal high water tables
(see Figure 5). There are two zones where water tables range trom 1 Y2 to 3 feet below the
ground. One lies between N. 19th Avenue and the study area's western boundary, and
crosses Baxter Lane. The other runs just east of the Covered Wagon Trailer
Park and the
Maple Terrace and Homesites Subdivisions, and crosses Durston Road.
There are several
zones where the water table ranges trom 3 to 6 feet below ground surface. One zone covers
much of the Brentwood Subdivision and Arcadia Gardens apartment complex, and the other
lies just south of where Baxter Lane approaches Interstate-90. There are two zones where the
water table is 4 to 5 feet below the ground. One lies in the southwcstemmost
portion of the
study area, and the other in the southeasternmost portion. One
final zone has water table
levels that are 3 to 6 feet below the ground. This area covers some of the Gardner-Sirnmental
Industrial Plaza and extends east along the south side of Baxter Lane.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Sea,~onal High Water Table Considerations
Areas with high seasonal water tables pose considerable risks for groundwater contamination.
While the City of Bozeman's municipal water system currently does not rely on groundwater
for potable water, it may use groundwater in the future. In addition, not all parcels of land in
the study area are served with municipal water and may have to rely on groundwater for
potable water.
All major land uses represent potential sources of groundwater contamination, including:
industrial, agricultural, residential, and transportation uses. The likelihood
of groundwater
contamination varies widely depending on 1) variability in groundwater susceptibility; 2)
variability of contaminant loading rates; and 3) variability in the threat different contaminants
pose to living organisms.
In the study area, urban stormwater runoff, and spills and leakages present the greatest threat
to groundwater resources. Urban stormwater results ffom runoff ffom devc10ped areas such
as parking lots, streets, and other impermeable surfaces. Contaminants
found in urban
stormwater include metals (lead, zinc, and iron), organic materials (insecticides such as
diazinon and malathion), petroleum residues, nitrates and road salt. Spills and leakage could
result ffom a wide-range of activities. Spills usually involve petroleum products, organic
compounds, fertilizers, metals and acids. Spills most often occur along highways, railroads,
and in and around industrial complexes. Leakage usually occurs ffom underground storage
tanks (USTs), pipelines, and chemical stock piles. Household hazardous wastes,
such as
paint, cleaning compounds, motor oil, and gasoline, also contribute to groundwater
contamination.
Areas with seasonal high water tables arc also characterized by poor drainage, and may be
subject to an increased risk of flooding. These problems can greatly increase the cost
of
development because they may require special engineering and structural considerations such
as site drainage, flood protection and facility maintenance. Second, soils with a high water
content are subject to liquefaction during earthquakes, and may require special engineering
considerations. Finally, seasonal high water tables can also be a problem during excavation
and development, requiring pumping equipment machinery to remove water from the site.
Regulations Pertaining to Seasonal High Water Table Areas
The federal Safe Drinking Water Act, especially the Wellhead Protection Program, establishes
programs to prevent groundwater contamination. Title 75 of the Montana Code Annotated
regulates water quality - including groundwater (Part 8). Part 11
of Title 75 regulates
underground storage tanks, which pose a significant threat to groundwater resources. Finally,
Part 5 of Title 85 protects groundwater by prohibiting thc "waste and contamination of
groundwater."
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Nonh 19th Avenue/Oak Street
Corridor Master Plan
Bozeman Solvent Site
The Bozeman Solvent Site is an area of groundwater contamination within the Bozeman City-
County Planning Jurisdiction. In 1989, groundwater from wells in the Nelson Mobile Home
Park (north of the N. 17th Avenue and Durston Road intersection) was determined to contain
chlorinated solvents in excess of safe drinking water standards.
Subsequent investigations
found that the contaminants in the groundwater originated from the Buttrey's Shopping
Center property and extended north, generaIty between N. 19th Avenue and an extension of
N. 11th Avenue, to Interstate-90. The State of Montana issued orders requiring the shopping
center property owncr, the City of Bozeman, and others to begin cleanup of the
contamination. While further investigations were under way, those potentially
liable for the
contamination provided impacted well users with alternative supplies of water. Often the City
of Bozeman municipal water system was used as an alternative water supply if it was
available.
Those further investigations detennined that improper disposal of chlorinated solvents by a
dry eleaning business in the shopping center was the likely cause of the contamination.
Solvents were improperly released to the septic system of the shopping center, and to the
sewer system. The septic system seepage pits and leaking joints in the sewer system allowed
the contaminants to enter the groundwater aquifer. As time passed, the flow of groundwater
carried the contaminants to the prcsent boundaries of the solvent site. A
study of how to
clean up the site is currently under way.
A!!ricultural Lands
The City of Bozeman designates agricultural lands as land currently used for agricultural
purposes as depicted on the City's land use map, with productive agricultural
soils as
dctermined by thc NRCS. On the City's land use map, agricultural lands arc defined as land
''used for the cultivation of the soil or the raising of livestock, all activities incidental thereto,
not to include areas used for the raising of produce primarily intended for on-site
consumption. " Soil types in the Bozeman area that are most suitable for agricultural
use
include some Amsterdam loams, Bozeman loams, Bridger loams, Manhattan loams; Huffine
10ams, and Millville loams.
Agricultural Lands in the Study Area
Much of the undeveloped land within the study area is currently used for agricultural
purposes, including irrigated crops and livestock grazing (refer to Figure 2).
In addition,
many of these agricultural lands arc characterized by prime agricultural soils, especially in the
corridor along N. 19th Avenue and where the Brentwood and Annie Subdivisions are located.
Value of Agricultural Land,"!
Agricultural lands have several important values. First, agricultural lands
provide an
important historical resource that preserves the Gallatin's Valley's historically agrarian
character. Second, agricultural land provides important green and open space resources.
Third, agricuIturallands and agricultural production generate substantial export dollars for the
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North 19th A venue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Bozeman area. Finally, the costs of providing public infrastructure for
agricultural lands is
less than for other uses such as residential and commercial, which decreases the City's capital
expenditures.
Regulations Pertaining to Agricultural Lands
While the City of Bozeman has no formal programs designed to protect farmland and open
space, it should be recognized that areas characterized by agricuIturalland uses and soils with
high crop yield potential provide tremendous open space and production resources.
3.'.4 Community Impact Analysis
Municioa) Water System
Water is provided to the Bozeman area through a network of water mains. The network is
served by a number of larger mains, rcferred to here as trunklines. The N. 19th Avenue/Oak
Street study area is currently served by trunklines which generally follow the edges of the
study area (see Figure 6).
The east side of the study area is served by a 12-inch ductile iron trunkline following the Oak
Street alignment east ofN. 7th Avenue, and connecting to an 8-inch cast iron and ductile iron
trunkline following the N. 7th Avenue alignment. The area along the south edge of the study
area is served by a 14-inch cast iron trunkline following the N. 11th Avenue alignment and
connecting to a IO-ineh cast iron and ductile iron trunkline following the Durston Road
alignment. A short IO-inch trunk line (of unknown material) extends from Durston
Road to
provide water to the Brentwood Subdivision. The various subdivisions
in the study area
(Brentwood, Homesites, Royal Vista, Covered Wagon Mobile Home Park, and Maple
Terrace) are served by main extensions off the nearby trunklines.
Municioa) Sewer System
Sewer service is provided to the Bozeman area through a series of branching sewer mains.
The branches are served by a number of larger mains referred to here, as with the water
system, as trunklines. The N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street study area is principally served by the
24-inch asbestos cement trunkline which services the University, and the south and west sides
of the City. This trunkline runs north-south through the center of the study
area, generally
following the 11th Avenue alignment, the length of the Gallatin Rest Horne property, and the
old N. 19th Avenue/Simmental Way alignments (see Figure 6). Several other trunklines feed
into this central trunkline.
The land west of the study area will be served by an existing 24-ineh asbestos cement
trunkline servicing the area around the Valley Unit Subdivision.
That trunkline enters the
study area along the Baxter Lane alignment and meets the central trunk line at Sirnmental Way.
Land south of the study area generally drains to a ] 5-inch trunkline (of unknown material)
under the Durston Road alignment. This trunkline then follows the N. 17th Avenue alignment
to a point south of the Covered Wagon Mobile Horne Park, where it turns east to meet the
central trunkline just north of the Gallatin Rest Home building. There is an overflow outlet
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
north of the Gallatin Rest Horne which can drain to the N. 7th Avenue area, through Royal
Vista Subdivision. The east side of the study area is served by a IS-inch vitreous
clay
trunkline lying parallel to, and west of the N. 8th Avenue alignment. Near the Royal Vista
Subdivision, it is joined by other trunklines serving the N. 7th Avenue and Interstate-90
interchange and it becomes progressivcly larger in size. It then drains across the freeway east
of the interchange.
Storm Draina!!e System
The Bozeman area west ofN. II th Avenue is heavily dependent on the local system of ditches
and streams for stonnwater control. Future development will continue
to use the system.
(See Figure 4 for streams and ditches in the study area.)
The few physically constructed
stonn sewers in or near the study area are provided interrnittently within the various
subdivisions ofthe study area, such as Royal Vista, Homesites, Maple Terrace, and the north
end of Brentwood. Small sections also exist in the area south of Durston Road. The stonn
sewers typically drain to nearby ditches which eventually join the local system of streams, such
as Mandeville Creek and Catron Creek, which flow north through the study area.
The
Fanner's Canal runs underground along the N. 19th Avenue alignment to Oak Street, then
east along the north side of Covered Wagon Mobile Horne Park where it emerges and
becomes a stream/ditch combination running north through the study area.
Parks. Recreation and OoeD 80ace
The City of Bozeman takes an active interest in its parks, recreational facilities, and open
spaces, as is demonstrated in the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update, 1995 Parks, Open
Space, and Trails (P.O.S.T.) Plan Update, 1992 Parks Master Plan, and Bozeman Bicyclc
Plan. These documents are available to the general public for additional infonnation on
particular planning efforts.
Parks
The 1990 Master Plan Update uses a park classification system that includes five categories:
Community, Neighborhood, Tot-lot, Specialty, and Linear.
Each category has particular
characteristics that are fairly well described by the name. There arc currently four public and
private parks in the study area; three neighborhood parks and one community park. (1) North
Ninth Park, west of the Royal Vista Subdivision, is roughly 1.0 acre in size and undeveloped.
(2) A small park in the Brentwood Subdivision at the intersection of Annie Street and N. 22nd
Avenue is roughly 0.5 acres in size and developed. This is a private
park since parkland
dedication for the land in and around the Brentwood Subdivision was aggregated to form the
nucleus of Rose Park and did not include this small park.
(3) A private park located in the
middle of the Covered Wagon Mobile Horne Park is roughly 3.0 acres in size and developed.
(4) Rose Park, a community park, is located northwest of the Brentwood Subdivision on the
north side of the Oak Street extension, approximately 1/4 mile west ofN. 19th Avenue. It is
approximately 21 acres in size and undeveloped. Rose Park is planned
by the Bozeman
Recreation and Parks Advisory Board to develop as a community park. The Advisory Board
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Nonh 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
and City wish to further enlarge it to become a regional park in the I DO-acre size range.
Private parties arc actively engaged in the effort to expand the park.
Open Space and Trail Corridors
The 1990 Master Plan Update and P.O.S.T. Plan identifY open space and trail corridors. The
Master Plan designates open space corridors that often follow streams and ditches which arc
protected in the Zoning Ordinance with a 35 foot "watercourse setback" to either side of a
stream or stream/ditch combination. This is also recognized as the desirable width for all open
space corridors. The P.O.S.T. Plan designates desirable trail corridors.
In some instances,
trail corridors follow open space corridors and in other instances they are separate.
The 1990 Master Plan Update delineates one open space corridor in the study area.
It
generally follows a stream/ditch combination on the west of N. 19th Avenue, which flows
between the intersections with Durston Road and Baxter Lane, and along the west side of the
Brentwood Subdivision. At Baxter Lane it branches to the north and west.
The P.O.S.T. Plan builds on the Master Plan and envisions a network of trail corridors
running through the study area and generally converging at Rose Park (see Figure 8). Trail
corridors are expected to generally follow the N. 19th A venue and Oak Street alignments.
Another trail corridor is planned and partially constructed to connect Rose Park to the
Bozeman Ponds, to the south. A short segment of trail has been built through the Brentwood
Subdivision.
The Recreation and Parks Advisory Board has indicated a need for trail corridors in the study
area in addition to those described in the P.O.S.T. Plan. The
optimal location for these
corridors was determined to be along local streams and ditches such as Mandeville Creek,.
Walton's Ditch, Farmer's Canal, and East and West Catron Creeks.
An additional corridor
should follow Baxter Lane to provide an east-west connection across other trail corridors.
The purpose of trail corridors is to provide linkages between different areas of the City for
pedestrian and bicycle use. Trail corridors provide for transportation alternatives
to
automobiles for individuals working and residing in the area. This will reduce traffic, improve
air quality, and provide for recreation opportunities. Trail corridors in the study area are also
intended to provide a number of secondary objectives in addition to those stipulated in the
Master Plan. These include mitigating noise and visual impacts, and enhancing the City's
entry way corridors.
Transportation
The major existing transportation network in the N. 19th A venue/Oak Street study area can
be grouped into two categories: (I) those within the study area, and (2) those on the
perimeter of the study area. The transportation routes that lie within the
study area arc N.
19th A venue, Oak Street, and Baxter Lane. The transportation routes
that follow the
perimeter of the study area arc Interstate-90, N. 7th Avenue, and Durston Road (see Figure
7).
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
The foHowing analysis providcs information on spccific transportation routes using five
categories: classification, right-of-way width, pavement charactcristics, street improvements
and access. The last catcgory (access) addresses the level of control that thc Montana
Department of Transportation places on a road. "Limited access" routes
have access
locations identified along their length that are agreed to by the landowners, the City of
Bozcman, and the state. Accesses identified as public streets have a publie-access-easement
attached to them. In order to maintain the functionality of these streets as arterials, access to
them should be limited to the identified access points. The category
"street improvements"
identifies bike lanes when they arc included in the construction drawings of the road.
N. 19th Avenue
N. 19th A venue runs north-south through the study area ttom Durston Road to Interstate-90
and on to Springhill Road. N. 19th A venue and its accompanying treeway interchange were
completed in mid-l 995. The speed limit on N. 19th Avenue is posted at 45 miles per hour,
however speeds often reach up to 60 mi1cs per hour. N. 19th A venue
is identificd as an
arterial in the current Master Plan. The right-of-way width is generally 115
feet bctwecn
Durston Road and Stevens Way (much by easement), gencrally 155 feet between Stevens
Way and Oak Street (much by easement), 120 fect between Oak Street and Baxter Lane, and
varies trom 125 feet to 175 feet between Baxter Lane and Valley Centcr Road. In terms of
pavement characteristics, N. 19th Avenue's is a 78 foot wide four-lane-plus-median state-
standard highway trom Durston Road to Oak Strect, and a 60 foot wide two-lane-plus-median
state-standard highway bctween Oak Strcet and
Interstate-90. Curb and sidewalk
improvements and shoulderlbikc lanes currently exist betwccn Durston Road and Oak Street.
N. 19th Avenue is categorized as "Limit cd Access" along the length north of Durston Road.
This roughly two-mile strctch has nine accesses along the west side (excluding existing strect
accesses and Oak Street) two of which are for public streets (Steven's Way and another
further south). There are twelve accesses along the cast side (excluding existing
street
accesses and Oak Street) six of which are locatcd south of Stevens Way; two for public
streets (Dead Man's Gulch and at what has been identified as the mid-linc road north of Oak
Strect).
Oak Street
Oak Street currently exists only as intersection improvements at N. 7th and N. 19th Avenues.
However, Oak Street is planned to be extended east and west in three stages: (1) between N.
7th and N. 19th Avenues beginning in 1996 or 1997, (2) between N. 19th Avenue and Rose
Park beginning in 1996, and (3) between N. 7th Avenue and N. Rouse Avenue in the near
future (street not designed yet). Initial construction of the N. 7th to N. 19th A venue segment
will be a two-lane-with-shoulders road with other improvements to be added in the future.
Oak Street is delineated in the current Master Plan as a proposed major arterial east of N.
19th Avenue, and as a proposed collector west ofN. 19th Avenue. For right-of-way width,
Oak Street will be 95 feet wide just to the west ofN. 7th Avenue, increasing to 100 feet west
ofN. 9th Avenue and to 120 feet along the north cdge of the Covered Wagon Mobile Home
Park. Oak Street will be 65 feet wide west of N. 19th A venue, and vary between 65 fect to
90 feet widc cast of N. 7th A venue. Oak Street will be constructed as a 25 foot wide, two-
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North 19th A venue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
lane City-standard street west of N. 7th Avenue, transitioning to a 60 foot wide two-Iane-
plus-median City-standard street near N. 8th A venue, and again transitioning to a 78 foot
wide four-lane-plus-median City-standard street between N. lith and N. 19th Avenues.
Finally, Oak Street wi11 be a 42 foot wide two-Iane-plus-parking City-standard street west of
N. 19th Avenue. Curbside sidewalks at N. 7th Avenue, wil1 become boulevard
sidewalks
between N. 8th Avenue and Rose Park, there wi11 be shoulders between N. 8th and N. 19th
Avenues only, and bike lanes will occupy the shoulders between N. lIth and N. 19th
Avenues. Oak Street will be designated as "limited access" between N. 7th and N. 19th
A venues; accesses are more ITequent on the east side of N. 11th A venue (114 mile in length)
than the west side (1/2 mile in length). Of the six accesses along the north side of Oak Street
two are for public streets (N. II th A venue and approximately N. 17th or 18th Avenue); three
accesses arc cast of the N. lith Avenue access, and two arc to the west, all are irregularly
spaced. Of the nine accesses along the south side of Oak Street, three arc for public streets
(N. 9th, N. ] Ith, and N. 17th Avenues); four accesses are east of the N. lIth Avenue access
and four are to the west, all are irregularly spaced.
Baxter Lane
Baxter Lane extends west ITom N. 7th A venue through the study area and provides access to
local county lands west of the study area. It paral1els Interstate-90 between N. 7th Avenue
and Sirnrnental Way, where it is state owned. Baxter Lane is an arterial
east of N. 19th
Avenue in the current Master Plan, and a col1ector for its entire length in the Transportation
Plan. Baxter Lane is generally 60 feet wide, except when paral1c1 to Interstate-90 where it is
part of the Interstate-90 right-of-way. Baxter Lane is constructed as a 24 foot wide two-lane
county-standard road, except when parallel to Interstate-90 where it is a 24 foot wide two-
lane state-standard highway. No street improvements arc planned for Baxter Lane. Baxter
Lane has no access restrictions along its length, except when paral1el to Interstate-90 where
access permits arc required from the Montana Department of Transportation (MOOT).
Interstate-90
Interstate-90 is a federal interstate highway and a regional transportation corridor. A network
of other highways and local roads aid Interstate-90 in providing access to the area northwest
of Bozeman. These include State Highway No. 10 and Springhi11 Road (a paved,
county-
standard road) which connect Intcrstatc-90, N. 7th Avenue, and N. 19th Avenue together.
Interstate-90 is classified as a principle arterial in the current Master Plan and Transportation
Plan. Its right-of-way width is 220 feet wide, except when parallel to Baxter Lane where it is
315 feet wide. Interstate-90 consists of two 24 foot wide two-lane federal-standard roadbeds
with a 46 foot median. There are no street improvements on Interstate-90, and access is fully
controlled by the Montana Department of Transportation.
N. 7th Avenue
N. 7th A venue runs north-south along the easternmost edge of the study area, and will be a
principle travel route to the study area ITom the east. N. 7th Avenue
is designated as a
principle arterial in the current Master Plan and Transportation Plan. The right-of-way width
Page 22
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
is generally 160' feet wide between the Interstate-90 interchange and Oak Street, and 100 feet
wide south of Oak Street. N. 7th is constructed as an 89 foot wide four-Iane-plus-median
statc-standard highway. Curb and sidewalks are installed intermittently and generally
by
landowners. Therc are no access restrictions other than obtaining permits from MDOT.
Durston Road
Durston Road runs east-west along the south edge of the study area and provides access to
local county lands west of the study area. It isa "road-by-use" which means that there is no
dedicated right-of-way. The section within the City limits is maintained by the City, the rest is
maintained by Gallatin County. The City is currently planning a major upgrade for Durston
Road. Thc improvements arc described below. In the Transportation Plan, Durston Road is
classificd as a minor artcrial east of N. 19th Avenue and as a collcctor to the west.
In the
current Mastcr Plan, Durston Road is listed as a major artcrial west ofN. 19th Avenuc. As
statcd above, Durston Road has no dedicatcd right-of-way, but has a presumcd 60 foot use
arca. Developed lands within the City limits may have casements or dcdicated rights-of-way
along adjacent segments of road; additional right-of-way may bc necdcd for improvements.
Durston Road is currently a 24 foot wide two-lane county-standard road, and improvements
should include a 48 foot wide two-Iane-plus-turn-lanc City-standard street.
Street
improvements should includc 5-toot bike lanes and curbsidc sidewalks. Durston Road has no
access restrictions along its length.
Historic Resources
Two historic resource reconnaissance surveys have been conducted in the N.
19th
Avenue/Oak Street study area. The first was in 1985 as part of a City-wide effort, and the
second in 1996 as part of this planning effort. For the most part, the study area
is
undeveloped and therefore there are few historic resources. The historic
resourccs that are
prescnt have a charactcr that is derived from the rural and agricultural nature of the area
during the early part of this century. These historic resources arc generally found along the
southcrn edge of thc study area on both sidcs of Durston Road.
Six properties were identified that havc the potential for listing on the National Register of
Historic Places on the basis of arehitcctural merit alonc. Two properties are loeatcd on the
north side of Durston Road; three on the south side of Durston Road; and one at the
intersection of Baxter Lane and N. 19th A venue. No research into the history
of the
properties has been undcrtakcn, however thcre has been some indication that the two
propcrties on the north side of Durston Road may have links to historic people of Bozeman.
Furthcr research necds to be undcrtakcn to confirm historic information and to inventory the
properties in morc detail. Where appropriate, eligible propcrties should be nominatcd for the
National Rcgister of Historic Places.
Thc Bozeman Historic Preservation Officer submitted a rcconnaissance inventory and report
describing historic properties in the study area (sce Historic Resources of the N. 19th
Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan Area in Appendix C). The report notes:
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Nonh 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
"More than simp~v rejlective of the Gallatin Valley's cultural heritage,
these historic sites are some of the on~y remaining agricultural-related
properties within Bozeman's jurisdictional area. Furthermore,
their
aesthetic beauty and high visibility will undoubted~y leave a lasting
impression of the character of the Bozeman area with Bozeman visitors",
Buildings of historical significance within the Bozeman Conservation Overlay District arc
fairly easy to protect against incompatible development. This is not so with historic buildings
outside the district, as is the situation in the study area. Listing
on the National Register
increases a building's protection. In order to preserve these clements of cultural
heritage
located in the study area, it is important to buffer them trom nearby land-uses that would
increase pressure to either change the use ofthe properties, or demolish them in favor of more
intense development.
Housine
In the 1990 U.S. Census, the study area had approximately 267 housing units which housed
approximately 537 people. According to City-County Planning Staff estimates, the number of
housing units in the study area had grown to approximately 550 housing units by 1996 and
housed roughly 1,290 people. Therefore, the number of housing units in the study area grew
by 283 units between 1990 and 1996 - a 106 percent increase.
In 1992, a City consultant projected that by the year 2000 the study area would have 588
housing units and a population of 1,273. Therefore, in 1996 the study area
has nearly
surpassed this 2000 housing unit projection, and has already surpassed the 2000 population
projection. The same consultant projected that the study area would have 729 housing units
by 2010, and a population of 1,629. It is important to note that transportation planning for
the study area is based on 2000 and 20 10 Transportation Plan consultant projections for
housing units and population.
Of the existing housing units in the study area, approximately 250 units are manufactured
homes in the Covered Wagon Mobile Home Park and in the Homesites Subdivision.
Fifty
units are found in the Gallatin County Rest Home, and another 60 in the Legion Vil1a
Apartments. Most of the increase in housing between 1990 and 1996 is a result of the Annie
and Brentwood Subdivisions. In addition to the existing housing, many new units
are
currently under construction. For example, the Arcadia Garden apartment complex, currently
under construction at the corner of N. 19th Avenue and Durston Road, will have 160
apartment units.
On 26 July 1993, the City of Bozeman adopted an affordable housing policy. The goals and
objectives of the affordable housing policy have been considered during this sub-area master
planning process, and will continue to be used as the City considers zoning and site specific
development proposals. The mission statement of this policy reads as follows:
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
.. To encourage the development of safe, decent, affordable housing in the
jurisdictional area of Bozeman for low- and moderate-income citizens using
resources from local, state, and federal government, in partnership with the
non-profit and private sectors of the community. "
The City's affordable housing policy's guidelines include the following:
1. Multifamily rental projects will have lower income guidelines than single-family
owner-occupied
properties.
2. City programs will address niches in the housing market that arc not currently being
addressed through
other programs or that are addressed inadequately.
3. Initial emphasis for assisting housing development in Bozeman will be on multifamily
projects,
manufactured homes. and modular homes. with some assistance for site built. detached
homes.
4. Afibrdable housing units will be designed with accessibility needs in mind. Modifications
will be made to
the units based on the needs of individuals on housing waiting Jists. HUD standards
for accessibility will
be the standards used by the City.
5. To assure long-term affordibility. energy-efficient construction practices will
be included in criteria for
awarding development concessions.
6. General health. safety, and welfare issues will not be compromised when awarding
any development
concessions. In addition, overall quality of life concerns will be considered as
a part of any development
concessions.
7. Concerns of existing neighborhoods related to increased densities, generally associated
with affordable
housing developments, will be given consideration.
However, neighborhood impacts will be weighted
along with the benefits to the community as a whole.
Schools
School District #7 has one public elementary school, Emily Dickinson Elementary, within the
study area. This school is located within the Annie Subdivision, adjacent
to the Brentwood
Subdivision and Rose Park. A representative of School District
#7 indicated that planning
efforts for the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street area would not impact the School District's plans
for future school construction. He said that generally, the
construction of schools follows
growth instead of leading it. With the current land use and zoning designations for the study
area, the School District has no plans to build any new schools in the study area. However, it
is important to note that Emily Dickinson was planned and constructed based on current land
use and zoning designations. Sound planning dictates that substantial
amounts of residential
uses remain near public facilities such as Emily Dickinson and Rose Park.
3.1.5 land Use Inventory
National Land Use Ratios
Land-Use ratios refer to the breakdown of various categories of land as a percentage of the
total amount of land in a community. Because the ratios arc derived from the acreage totals
they do not represent the spatial arrangement or patterns of cities. Land-use ratios are most
useful to those involved in master planning and long-range development, because these data
are necessary in detennining what mix of land uses should be encouraged in the future.
Page 25
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Table 5: Comparison of Land Use Ratios
Bozeman vs. National Averaae for Cities Under 100,000 Population
Bozeman National
Residential! 41.75% 52%
Commercial2 12.64% 10%
Industrial3 10.74% 7%
Public4 34.87% 31 %
Notes:
I. Residential was comprised of the AS. RS. R-l. R-2. R-2A. R-3. R-3A. R-MlI and R-4 zones.
2. Commercial was comprised of the B-1. B-2. B-3. BP. and R-O zones.
3. Industrial was comprised of the M-l alld M-2 zones.
4. Public was comprised of the PLi. ineluding MSU. and a factor estimating the average right-of-way for
each zone based on sampling. Additional acreage was added to reflect those areas which were zoned
d(fferently but were being used fbr public paris and schools. These areas were subtracted ./T'om their
designated zone areas to prevellt double countillg.
The Public categm:v isfurther broken down asfollows:
· MSU - 9.74 percent of the total land area of the City not illeluding StOlT llills.
· PLI - 6.01 percent of the totallalld area of the City not illeluding St01Y Hills. The Gallatin County
Fairgrounds. Lindley Park. and the High School are in this categOlY.
· Parks with other zoning designations 2.11 percent
· Public Right-q(-way 19.12 percent
While it is often helpful to examine the land-use ratio of an individual community against the
averages of other cities in identifYing trends and general guidelines, there are some possible
problems. Any city is a unique entity with constraints and opportunities which are not taken
into account in the averaging process. When looking at future mixes of land-uses it is
important to remember that any national average is only a guideline. Table 5 shows the
national average ratios for communities under 100,000 in population (see Appendix D for land
use ratios for Great Falls, MT). Land use ratios for the City of Bozeman have also been
calculated. Some modifications have been made, as noted below, so that the ratios would be
comparable. Additional explanation follows the table. The Land-Use Ratios illustrated by the
national figures are calculated as a percentage of the developed land within communities,
Therefore. agricultural and vacant lands were not figured in. This results in a more accurate
representation of the breakdown of land uses in the urbanized portion of each city. For the
City of Bozeman no accurate data exists based only on developed land. Therefore, the
amount of land was calculated using zoning classifications. Additional refinement of the
information is possible but would require more time than is available for this study.
City of Bozeman/Extraterritorial Area Zonine Inventorv
As directed by the Planning Board, the City-County Planning Offiee has prepared an inventory
of the acreage in the various zones in the City of Bozeman and the Extra-
Territorial Zoning area. The information for this inventory was taken tTom the Official Zoning
Maps of the City of Bozeman and the Extra-Territorial area.
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North 19th A venue/Oak Street
Corridor Master Plan
The acreage and associated percentages of the various zones includes roads, which may
occupy 20 to 26 percent of the total land area of a development. The current inventory is not
able to adequately quantifY the total amount or percentage of roadway in the City, but
indications based on sampling in a residential area are that the higher percentages are more
likely accurate. One reason for the higher amount of roadway is the prevalence of alleys
throughout the older parts of the City.
The information was gathered ITom the best information available.
It is estimated that the
information presented has an error rate ofless than ten percent (10 percent). The inventory
only presents a snapshot of what conditions were in existence at the time the maps were
prepared. Several zone changes and annexations are being processed at this time. As changes
arc made, updates will need to be prepared. The process of updates and the accuracy of the
report will be substantially improved as the City and County implement Geographic
Information Systems.
Local Land Use Designations
Bozeman has several characteristics which will necessitate modifications in the preferred mix
of land-uses. First, the presence of Montana State University, which occupies 9.1 percent of
the total land area of the City. As a public institution MSU is zoned as Public
Land and
Institutions. MSU is also the largest employer in Bozeman and provides employment that
would be provided in commercial or industrial areas in other cities of equivalent size.
Second, Bozeman is functionally a major metropolitan area which provides services to several
outlying areas. The Gallatin Valley Development Corporation states that Bozeman's primary
trade area extends over a five county area and serves a population in excess of 77,000.
To
serve this large external market, Bozeman must provide more land for commercial and service
activities than would normally be provided in a comparably sized city.
Third, a substantial
number of tourists pass through and select Bozeman as a destination. To provide for tourists,
as with the residents of outlying areas mentioned above, greater commercial areas must be
provided within Bozeman than might apply to other similarly sized cities.
Some other factors could not be adequately reflected in the ratios calculated above.
First,
Story Hills includes 454.34 acres within the City limits; however due to incorrect
inftastructure, building permits are not being issued tor this area.
For this reason, it was
exeluded ftom the calculations. This area comprises almost 40 percent of an land within the
City which is zoned as PLT, but is not part ofMSU. It also holds almost 12 percent of all land
zoned as R-3, the largest residential zoning category. The removal of this area
ftom
consideration when calculating land use and available land for development is strongly
recommended by the Planning Office. Second, many areas of the City that are used for PLl-
type land uses such as schools and parks are actually zoned for residential uses.
This
comprises 5 percent of the land zoned for residential uses within the City boundaries.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Table 6: Zone Areas Within City Limits
Zone Designation Average Size of
Number of Zones Size of Area Percent of Total
Zone (Acres)
(Acres)
AS 78.1 3
234 3.4 percent
B-1 6.4 8
51 0.7 percell!
B-2 2715 2
543 7.9 percent
B-3 35.5 4
142 2.1 percell!
BP 42.4 6
255 3.7 percent
M-1 60.5 10
605 8.8 percellt
M-2 70.4 3
211 3.1 pcrcellt
PLI 56.5 12
678 9.8 percent
PLI-MSU 626.4 I
626 9.1 percell!
R-I 44.6 6
268 3.9 percent
R-2 85.1 11
937 13.6 percent
R-2-A 49.1 1
49 0.7 percent
R-3 29.2 36
1,051 15.3 percent
R-3-A .Bu~ 15
499 7.2 pcrccn!
R-4 16.8 23
385 5.6 percent
R-MII 31.1 I
.~ I 0.5 percent
R-O 7.0 15
lO4 1.5 percent
RS 36.4 6
219 3.2 percellt
TOTAL
6,888 acres 100.0 percent
Table 7: Zone Areas Within the Extra- Territorial Area
Zone Designation Average Size of
Number of Zones Size of Area Percent of Total
Zone (Acres)
(Acres)
AS 7,827.8 3
23,483 78.9 percent
B-1 10.4 2
21 0.1 percent
B-2 11.0 3
33 0.1 percell!
BP 137.7 I
138 0.5 percellt
M-l 15.8 6
95 0.3 percent
M-2 184.7 1
185 0.6 percent
PLI 737 5
369 1.2 percent
R-l 67.5 2
135 0.5 percell!
R-2 13.3 1
13 0.0 percent
R-3 65.7 5
328 1.1 percent
R-MII 63.4 2
127 0.4 percent
R-O 17.9 8
144 0.5 percent
RS 115.2 35
4,030 13.5 percent
ZD1* 130.9 5
654 2.2 percell!
TOTAL
29,755 acres 100.0 percent
*Gallarin County zoning district '10. l.
Page 28
North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Land Allocations/ A vailabilitv
Each of the commercial zones listed in Table 8 has a different character and intent. The B-1
zone is intended to provide for small retail and service activities which are frequently required
by neighborhood residents on a day-to-day basis while maintaining a residential character.
Ease of access by pedestrians, bicyclists, and autos is important.
This zone is the most
restrictive commercial zone both in term.1) of the permitted uses and physical features such as
building size and required setbacks. B-2 zoning is oriented to major arterial streets for a wide
range of retail and service functions. This is an auto-oriented type of zoning
and the
businesses located in it are ones which the average person does not need to use on a daily
basis. The scale of the businesses located in the B-2 zoning districts arc usually large
or
intended to serve high volumes of customers on site. The Central Business District is the B-3
zone. The intent of this zoning, where there is a single area unlike the other commercial
zones, is to provide a central area for the community's business, government, service, and
cultural activities. High volume, pedestrian-oriented uses arc strongly encouraged inside this
historically and architecturally rich area with many shops and galleries oriented to tourists as
well as the year-round residents of Bozeman.
As discussed before, Bozeman has a need to provide commercial and service areas at a higher
levc\ than other similarly sized cities. As many people travel to Bozeman to shop or recreate
the B-2 and B-3 zoning will need to be larger in area than would be supported by Bozeman
residents alone.
Table 8: Commercial Land - Zoning and its Relative Quantities and Ratios
Acres Percent of Total
Total Commercial 726.373
100.00%
B-1
42.275 5.82%
B-2
392.551 54.04%
B-3
79.464 10.94%
BP
212.083 29.20%
The Commercial zoning shown in Table 8 can be designated with either the BPII or
Commercial Master Plan categories. It is important to differentiate between an area which is
Master Planned as a commercial use and a commercially zoned area. The Master Plan tries to
anticipate and guide future needs of the City over a twenty-year horizon while zoning is
oriented to a more short term, immediate need and use. Neither one is a guarantee that
landholders are willing to develop or sell their land for any particular type of use. Many times
a Master Plan may indicate a future use of an area in advance of a need or ability to provide
inftastructure to develop a parcel of land. Table 8 addresses only
the total area zoned for
each zoning category. It docs not indicate how much has been developed or how
much is
available for future development.
A private study submitted to the Planning Office which indicates the difference between
Master Plan and zoning designations and availability, indicates that most of the land currently
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
zoned commercial and immediately available for new businesses is in small parcels scattered
across the City. Several large areas zoned for commercial
use have received preliminary
approval or are awaiting development and installation of infrastructure.
Table 9: Industrial Land. Zoning
and its Relative Quantities and Ratios
Acres
Percent of Total
All Industrial
691.233 100.00%
M-I
486.943
70.44%
M-2
204.290
29.55%
The Industrial zoning classifications are equivalent in setbacks and other physical controls to
development. The difference lies in the types of uses intended for each. M-l is
designated as
Light Manufacturing and allows a fairly wide variety of non-manufacturing uses such as
offices, certain types of schools, and limited retail facilities. M-I designations may be found in
proximity to residential uses and development may need to provide visual screening or other
impact mitigation measures. M-2 is the Manutacturing and Industrial category for the City of
Bozeman. Heavy industry, defined as industries which have detectable
off-site impacts or
explosion hazards, are to be placed within this district.
All M-2 districts in the City are
buffered from residential areas by other nonresidential zoning districts or substantial right-of-
ways. Both of these zoning districts provide needed services and employment in the Bozeman
area.
3.1.6 Capital Improvements Program
TranSDortation
The N. 19th Avenue corridor and Interstate-90 interchange are the largest transportation
influences in the study area. The 1993 Bozeman Urban Transportation Plan Update estimates
that by the year 20 I 0 traffic counts along N. 19th Avenue will vary between 9,500 and 23,900
cars per day at its north and south ends respectively. The
completion of Oak Street
connecting N. 19th and N. 7th Avenues is estimated to carry 9,000 cars per day by the year
2010. Upon completion of Oak Street between N. 19th and N. 7th Avenues, the northwest
quadrant of the study area will be surrounded by roads capable of carrying 12,000 cars or
more per day.
Several study area transportation improvements arc currently needed or arc projected to be
needed in the foreseeable future (see Figure 6). The project with the highest priority in the
study area is the completion of the Oak Street extension between N. 19th and N. 7th Avenues.
Construction of this project would help to relieve congestion on N. 7th Avenue, which is
approaching full capacity. The intersection of N. 7th Avenue
and Baxter Lane currently
functions at an unacceptable level of service. The extension
of Oak Street, and the traffic
signal at its intersection with N. 7th A venue, should help to facilitate movement to the west
and relocate some of the traffic currently using Baxter Lane. Construction on this project is
scheduled to commence the summer of 1996, with completion being anticipated by fall 1997.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
In the 1993 Bozeman Urban Transportation Plan Update, the intersection of Oak Street and
N. 19th Avenue and the intersection of Baxter Lane and N. 19th Avenue are projected to need
signals by the year 2010. Projects developing along the N. 19th A venue corridor should be
expected to participate in the funding of these traffic signals. The presence of traffic signals
would enhance pedestrian and bicycle movement along and across N. 19th A venue and its
cross streets. Residential development west ofN. 19th Avenue would then be able to access
services and employment opportunities cast of N. 19th A venue without using cars, thereby
reducing vehicular traffic and congestion.
Additional north-south routes provided by the continuation of N. 11th and N. 15th Avenues
from Durston Road will also be developed. N. 11th and N. 15th Avenues are anticipated to
function as either collectors or minor collectors as defined in the 1993 Bozeman Urban
Transportation Plan Update. East-west travel will be facilitated by a new road to be located
midway between Oak Street and Baxter Lane and continuing west of N. 19th A venue, as well
as by the extension of Oak Street west ofN. 19th Avenue and the extension of Juniper Street
to connect N. 7th and N. 19th Avenues. North of Baxter Lane, the extension to the west of
Rawhide Ridge Court and Dead Man's Gulch Court would provide for cast-west access for
most of the area south of Interstate-90 and the Valley Center Highway.
N. 19th A venue is currently developed to the full urban standard up to its intersection with the
proposed extension of Oak Street. North of this point, it is developed as a 'rural standard'
which does not have curbing, boulevards, or sidewalks. As development proceeds along this
corridor this remaining work will need to be done. This may be accomplished either through
conditions at the time of development at whatever schedule that may be, or through the use of
an SID/RID. A similar situation is anticipated with Oak Street, which initially may be
constructed without curbs or sidewalks and have the improvements completed later as
development along the street is accomplished. There will need to be
a right-of-way
acquisition program along the north side of Oak Street to provide for pedestrian and bicycle
circulation and to attain a linkage of pedestrian trails into the existing and proposed trail
system through the City of Bozeman. This may be accomplished through use
of required
setbacks for entryway corridors. The portion of Oak Street between N. 7th and
N. 19th
Avenues is proposed in the 1990 Master Plan Update to be a major arterial; and west of N.
19th Avenue it is proposed as a collector. N. 11th Avenue is anticipated to be developed as a
collector according to the 1990 Master Plan Update. N. 15th Avenue is also proposed as a
collector street.
Public input suggests that it is important to protect the nature of N. 19th Avenue as an
arterial. The most effective way to do this is to restrict the number of accesses to the street.
Access to N. 19th A venue is controlled by the Montana Department of Transportation, whieh
has designated it as a limited access road. As the City reviews development along N. 19th
A venue, care should be taken to ensure that access to adjacent property is taken from Oak
Street, Baxter Lane, or other significant east-west streets rather than directly ITom N. 19th
A venue via curb cuts.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
N. 19th Avenue's designation as an arterial means that it will carry many thousands of cars
daily. This will create a substantial amount of noise, fumes, and other undesirable effects. In
order to prevent harm to adjacent properties, visual screening, greenbelts, and other
techniques should be used to minimize the negative effects.
The provision of greenbelts in
conjunction with the entryway corridor overlay zones will allow for the placement of
pedestrian trails and walkways which will help to reduce traffic.
Mitigation should also
incorporate design elements to enhance and maintain N. 19th A venue as an attractive
entryway to the community.
Municioal Water System
As part of the 1996 Oak Street connection project between N. 19th and N. 7th Avenues, a 12-
inch diameter water main will be installed (see Figure 6). This line
will allow development
along the Oak Street corridor with small intermediate loops oriented to the north and south.
A future extension of this line from the intersection of N. 19th Avenue and Oak Street will
proceed north to Baxter Lane, then easterly across Interstate-90 and connect to an existing
water line at Mandeville Lane. This extension will provide a large loop in
the main water
supply system to protect against damaged lines or other possible interference with water
delivery. Without this extension, the development of property adjacent to Baxter Lane
will
not be possible. The construction of this extension is anticipated in the next five (5) years and
has been identified as a project eligible for at least partial funding through impact fees.
A portion of the study area is within the plume of the Bozeman Solvent Site, which will
impose restrictions on the use of ground water within the boundaries of the Site.
Storm Drainage
No City storm sewer is available within the majority of the study area. As no storm sewage
facilities are available to transport stormwater to other locations, provision for on-site
retention or detention, treatment, and release should be made.
Storm drainage in this area
may make use of several existing north-south ditches or streams after being detained and
treated for contaminants. The ditches must be perpetuated unless the owner of the ditch
formally abandons them. Some of these ditches have associated wetlands which must
be
accommodated during the development process. The Farmer's Canal is currently enelosed
along N. 19th Avenue trom Main Street to Oak Street and then east along the Oak Street
right-of-way. Beyond its outfall point it is no longer considered to be the Farmer's Canal.
Municioal Sewer System
The areas along the western side ofN. 19th Avenue and Baxter Lane are adequately served by
existing sewer lines. The area north of Baxter Lane and west of N. 19th A venue will possibly
need a new sewer collector due to the topography and .the slope required for a gravity sewer.
The area east ofN. 19th Avenue and north of Oak Street is separated into two sewer drainage
zones in the Wastewater Facilities Plan prepared by HKM and Associates. The dividing line
roughly follows a northerly extension ofN. lith Avenue as shown on Figure 6. The western
Page 32
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
area will drain to an existing 24-inch sewer main which is currently used at less than half of its
capacity. A new sewer line following the Baxter Lane alignment will need to be provided to
connect to the 24-inch interceptor. This line is indicated in the Impact
Fee Capital
Improvement Plan as extending from the future extension of N. 11th Avenue to N. 19th
A venue. Additional sewer lines could then extend to the south along the Baxter Lane
alignment.
The eastern area will drain to existing lines which have occasional surcharging.
Any
development in this area will need to carefully examine sewer capacity and possibly provide
off-site work to remove bottlenecks in the existing line.
Impact Fees
In January of 1996, the City of Bozeman initiated an impact fees program which began the
collection of fees on March 23, 1996. The primary role of impact fees is to assist in the
implementation of a Master Plan by directing growth through the timing and location of
municipal inrrastrueture. As part of the Impact Fee process a Capital Improvements Program
(CIP) will schedule growth-related infrastructure improvements for Water, Sewer, Fire
Protection and Street. The Capital Improvements Program is prepared on an annual basis and
addresses impact fee expenditures over a five-year time frame. During the annual revisions,
priorities may be changed. Land will only be able to be devcloped when certain
basic
conditions are met, including provisions for pedestrian and vehicular access, potable water,
and sewage disposal.
The City is currently using a CIP which schedules several projects for construction in the next
five years in the study area, including two water lines and a sewer line. Other projects,
including the extension of N. I lth and 15th Avenues, may be included on future Impact Fee
Capital Improvement Plans. Any development occurring in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street
area which is within City limits or receiving City services will be assessed impact fees.
Page 33
North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
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Page 34
North 19th Avenue/Oak Street
Corridor Master Plan
IV. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND
IMPLEMENTATION POLICIES
The community's pristine and ITagile high-mountain setting, and the need for orderly and attractive
development, is already recognized as a priority in the goals, objectives, and implementation policies
of the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update. However, these general stratcgies for the future
growth of the community as a whole lack the emphasis and specificity to guide growth and future
development in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street corridor, which is one of the few remaining
undeveloped agricultural areas within the Bozeman community and outlying area. Therefore, the N.
19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan will be an ~portant mechanism for achieving the
goals, policies and objectives outlined in the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update.
This chapter presents the goals, objectives and policies by subject area in non-prioritized order. The
goals are intended to define broad intentions in each subject area.
The objectives are intended to
identifY basic approaches to achieving those goals. The policies flow directly
ITom the goals and
objectives to specifically outline what actions will be taken by the City of Bozeman and Gallatin
County to achieve implementation of the plan. Because this document serves as a supplemental plan
for the study area, the goals. objectives and implementation policies adopted in the Bozeman Area
Master Plan wi11 also apply to the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan.
In developing this plan, the Bozeman City-County Planning Board collected and assessed background
information, including an inventory and analysis of past and present conditions such as environmental
constraints, community impacts, land use inventory and capital facilities planning. This information
was evaluated by the Bozeman City-County Planning Board to establish a foundation for formulating
strategies for guiding future growth in the study area. These draft goals,
objectives and
implementation policies were presented at public hearings for community review. A
formal
recommendation of the Bozeman City-County Planning Board was forwarded by resolution to the
Bozeman City Commission and Gallatin County Commission.
The goals, objectives and implementation policies set the basis for public and private actions to guide
orderly and planned growth within the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor study area.
The
Bozeman City Commission and Gallatin County Commission, based on a recommendation ftom the
Bozeman City-County Planning Board, found the following goals, objectives and implementation
policies necessary to maintain Bozeman's unique quality of life and environmental1y sensitive areas in
the N. 19th A venue/Oak Street area.
4.0 GOAL 1: PROMOTE AND ENHANCE NORTH
19TH A VENUE AND OAK
STREET AS MAJOR ENTRYWAYS INTO THE CITY THAT EXEMPLIFY THE
IMPORTANCE OF URBAN OPEN SPACE TO THE BASIC QUALITY OF LIFE IN
BOZEMAN.
Objectives:
a. Encourage the development ofN. 19th Avenue, and Oak Street between N. 19th and
N.
7th Avenues, as aesthetically-pleasing cntryways into the City.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
c. Develop necessary regulatory strategies to avoid traditional strip commercial development
(multiple driveway approaches, uncoordinated signage, piecemeal site development, clutter,
lack of planned design schemes, one-lot tier commercial strip) along the N. ] 9th Avenue and
Oak Street entryway corridors.
d. Encourage the development of high quality business park/industrial areas in proximity to
Interstate-90.
e. Promote the preservation of viewsheds and environmentally sensitive lands.
Implementation Policies:
a. Designate N. ]9th Avenue as a Class I entryway corridor roadway betwecn Durston Road
and the N. 19th Avenue/Interstatc-90 interchange, and Oak Strect as a Class I entryway
corridor roadway between N. 7th and N. 19th Avenues and a Class II entryway bctween N.
19th Avcnue and Rose Park, in the Bozeman Area Entryway Corridor Overlay District of the
Zoning Ordinance.
b. Through development of Design Objcctivcs for the N. 19th Avcnue Corridor, and
application of Planned Unit Development (PUD) guidelines or an alternative development
review process designed to achieve the same objectives, establish park-like entryway
corridors.
e. Implement the limited access design ofN. 19th Avenue and Oak Street through subdivision
review, PUD review or an alternative development review process designed to achieve the
same objectives, and site plan review of proposed devcIopment.
d. Avoid the placement of commercial and industrial activities along N. 19th Avenue, Oak
Street and Baxter Lane without proper design to eliminate visual impacts.
e. Establish appropriate zoning classifications and overlay districts that complement rather
than detract from existing and planned land uses in the study area.
f. Utilize subdivision review, and zoning PUD procedures or an alternative development
review process designed to achieve the same objectives, to encourage commercial, business
park, light industrial, and residential developments that enhance the first impression of the
community, while respecting existing and future development in the area, and while providing
for adequate recreational facilities and open space areas.
g. Through PUD review or an alternative development review process designed to achieve the
same objectives, require the development of green belts and open space within the entryway
corridors, as well as internal pedestrian and bicycle circulation facilities.
h. Establish guidelines in the Design Objectives Plan for the N. ]9th Avenue and Oak Street
entryway corridors that mitigate noise and visual impacts generated by the arterial streets.
Implementation of guidelines will occur for each proposed development during subdivision
review, and through zoning PUD review or an alternative development review process
designed to achieve the same objectives.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
4.1 GOAL 2: PROMOTE
THE ESTABLISHMENT, UTILIZA TION
AND/OR
PROTECTION OF PARK
LAND, OPEN SPACE,
TRAIL CORRIDORS AND
ENVIRONMENT ALLY SENSITIVE LANDS TO PROVIDE FOR NEEDED COMMUNITY
AMENITIES IN THE STUDY AREA.
Objectives:
a. Promote the development of Rose Park as a Community Park or a Regional Park,
which
will provide opportunities for recreation and leisure programs for all age groups.
b. Support and establish a network of linear open space/trail corridors for use
by the general
public.
c. Incorporate areas characterized as environmentally sensitive into overall design
schemes
which protect and enhance such areas rather than damage them.
Implementation Policies:
a. Establish provisions within zoning and/or subdivision regulations to implement
transfer
development rights that will enable developers to transfer public park land requirements
for
commercial and industrial development rights.
b. IdentifY open space, trail corridors and greenbelts within the N. 19th A venue
and Oak
Street entry way corridors that link with the community's pedestrian/bike trail
system.
c. Establish a pedestrian/bikcpath trail system for use by individuals working in
commercial
areas that will link with the area's linear open space/trail system.
d. IdentifY potentially environmentally sensitive lands as areas important for the
preservation
of the natural environment and community amenities and provide sufficient buffers
for
protection from future development. IdentifY these potential areas as an overlay
of the Land
Use Classification Map of the Master Plan.
e. Encourage the use of environmentally sensitive land as open space amenities.
f. Protect the region which surrounds Rose Park for development of residential neighborhoods
so that residents may benefit from proximity to a community-wide recreational facility.
4.2 GOAL 3: PROVIDE FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT
OF COMMERCIAL AND
BUSINESS PARK AREAS THAT ENHANCE THE BOZEMAN ECONOMY WHILE
REMAINING SENSITIVE TO EXISTING ANp PROPOSED NEIGHBORHOODS, AND
WHILE RESPECTING ENVIRONMENTAL AND HISTORIC CONDITIONS IN THE
AREA.
Objectives:
a. Promote and encourage the development of aesthetically-pleasing cluster commercial
development on the entryway to the City.
b. Recognize the importance of the Bozeman area as a center for commercial activity
in the
Gallatin Valley and beyond. Provide for commercial destination activities in close
proximity
to the interstate system.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
c. Provide for large business park/industrial lots in appropriate areas within the
study area,
especially east of N. 19th A venue and north of Oak Street, to provide for a variety
of
industrial and commercial activities which arc hannonious with the natural environment
and
image of the entryway corridors.
d. Provide a framework of infrastructure and development guidelines that will encourage
environmentally friendly companies to locate and thrive within the study area.
Implementation Policies:
a. Require all non-residential development of lands lying wholly or partially within
designated
Entryway Corridors to be reviewed in accordance with zoning PUD guidelines and
procedures, or an alternative development review process designed to achieve the
same
objectives, to provide integrated design schemes that effectively promote open space
and
discourage strip development.
b. Establish appropriate zoning classifications in the area based on reasonable
community
demands, both present and future, and availability of municipal infrastructure.
c. Institute a Business Park land use classification in the Land Use Plan for the
study area that
provides for visually attractive buildings in high-quality settings which hannonize
with
surrounding or adjacent development and contribute to the overall image of the community.
Limit the types of land uses allowed in areas designated for Business Park to "B-P"
and "M-
I" zoning districts.
4.3 GOAL 4: PROTECT
EXISTING NEIGHBORHOODS AND
AREAS
DESIGNATED FOR FUTURE RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT FROM CONFLICTING
LAND USES.
Objectives:
a. Identify existing and future residential growth patterns in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak
Street
study area and protect those neighborhoods from commercial and industrial development.
b. Implement guidelines in the Bozeman Area Entryway Corridor Overlay District and
Design
Objectives Plan for the N. 19th Avenue and Oak Street entryway corridors that mitigate
impacts on adjacent residential neighborhoods (i.e., noise and visual) from the
traffie on the
arterial streets.
e. Designate land for the development of affordable housing, including manufactured
and
modular housing, which recognizes existing residential patterns and will allow future
residents
a choice ofIiving environments.
d. Identify and protect historic resources within the study area.
Implementation Policies:
a. Utilize physical features as logical demarcation boundaries between land use
classifications,
whenever possible.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
b. Institute a "Limited Commercial" land use classification in the Land Use Plan of the study
arca which minimizes the impacts of commercial devclopment on existing and future
residential neighborhoods. Limit the type of commercial land uses allowed in areas designated
for "Limited Commercial" development to those uses permitted in the "B-1" and "R-O"
zoning districts.
c. Establish through subdivision review, and zoning PUD design or an alternative development
review process designed to achieve the same objectives, a logical transition from industrial and
commercial to residential land uses that allows medium- and high-density residential along
designated arterials if adequately buffered, as a means to further buffer low-density residential
development from impacts generated by arterial traffic.
d. Require that watercourse corridors (i.e., streams, stream/ditches and irrigation ditches)
develop as linear open space/trail corridors for use by the general public and provide
neighborhood amenities for residents and employees of the area.
e. Establish appropriate zoning classifications to stimulate the development of affordable
housing in the area.
4.4 GOAL 5: PROVIDE
FOR PUBLIC FACILITIES
WHICH CAN
ACCOMMODA TE PROJECTED GROWTH AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE
AREA,
Objectives:
a. Promote orderly and adequate timing and sizing of infrastructure development.
b. Establish the major east-west and north-south transportation network system for
the study
area.
c. Develop infrastructure in accordance with adopted capital facilities plans.
Implementation Policies:
a, Utilize impact fees and design review practices and policies to ensure that development
contributes to the design and installation of public infrastructure
b, Designate N. 11 th and N. 15th A venues as collectors for transportation planning
purposes.
e. Designate Mid-Line Road and Juniper Avenue as collectors for transportation planning
purposes.
d. Establish a pedestrianlbike trail system that links residential and commercial
areas with the
community's network of public corridors for linear open space and trails, and which
reduces
the overall demand for the use of single-occupancy vehicles in the area.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALL V BLANK
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North 19th
Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
v.
MASTER PLAN ELEMENTS
Based on the inventory and analysis in Chapter Ill, and the adopted goals, objectives and policies of
the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan in Chapter IV, this chapter presents the
master plan's planning strategies and techniques to implement the adopted goals, objectives and
policies, and achieve the vision for development in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street area of the
community. This
section focuses on the key factors needed to
accomplish the major
recommendations of the plan and is presented in five clements:
. Land Use Plan
. Parks/Open Space Plan
. Transportation Plan
. Greenway Corridors Plan
. Environmentally Sensitive Areas
Plan
While other related elements of the comprehensive plan are important. such as water. sanitary sewer.
and other public facilities. it is these five elements that will have the most dramatic effect on future
development along the two arterial corridors of what will be onc of the community's major entryways
into the City. The N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan, including the five clements
listed above, is intended to provide elected and appointed public officials and municipal staff with a
framework within which they can promote and guide orderly, planned growth, which preserves and
enhances the community's basic qualities of life. It is also intended to provide clear guidelines and
predictability for developers and residents residing in the area. As a result, it is imperative that both
the governing bodies of the City and County take actions in land use, parks and open space,
transportation, entryway corridors and environmentally sensitive lands.
5.0 LAND USE PLAN
Three public forum meetings were held before the Bozeman City-County Planning Board, which
offered the general public and area property owners an opportunity to participate in discussions
regarding consideration of tentative land use development options for the study area. Three land use
development options for the study area were prepared by the Bozeman City-County Planning Office
and a fourth option was presented by representatives of the property owners for general discussion.
The threc options presented by the Planning Staff proposed alternatives for the Land Use Plan
element of the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan, which included two new land
use classifications for the study area: I) Limited Commercial,
and 2) Business Park, which
emphasized development options along the west side ofN. 19th Avenue, between Durston Road and
Baxter Lane, and the northwest quadrant of the intersection ofN. 19th Avenue and Oak Street.
The fourth option prepared by the property owners proposed amendments to the current Land Use
Plan for the majority ofland currently designated for residential development located in the northeast
quadrant of the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street intersection and along the west side ofN. 19th Avenue.
The amendments included reclassifYing the entire northwest quadrant and west side of N. 19th
Page 41
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Avenue, between Baxter Lane and Oak Street, and approximately three acres at the southwest corner,
for commercial and business park/industrial development. The property on
the south side of Oak
Street between N. 7th Avenue and N. 19th Avenue, and on both sides ofN. 19th Avenue between
Oak Street and Durston Road, exclusive of the three acres designated for commercial, was proposed
for development of limited commercial, consisting of a limited commercial strip along the two arterial
streets being approximately one City block wide.
After extensive discussions with the general public and area property owners related to the land use
development options, and after considering the goals and objectives of the Master Plan for the study
area, the Bozeman City.County Planning Board considered a mixture of the four options in preparing
a Land Use Plan for the master plan document.
The proposed land use classifications for the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan are
identified on Figure 11. The Land Use Plan element of the master plan emphasizes
1) preserving
existing watercourses; 2) designating ample land for anticipated residential, commercial and industrial
growth in the area; 3) providing commercial activities in proximity to 1-90; 4) enhancing entryway
corridors into the City; and 5) protecting environmentally sensitive lands.
The land use classifications delineated on Figure 11 are not intended to be implemented by an
appropriate zoning designation until the necessary inrrastructure is available to accommodate the
planned land use. This policy supports the concept that the Land Use Map represents a long range
vision of community growth and development in this area, and also applies to street alignments, open
space/trail corridors and "green way" corridors.
5.0.1 Land Use Classifications
To assist in guiding growth that is consistent with the Land Use Plan, it is important to
understand the intent of the different land use classifications. In addition to the current land
use classifications already identified in the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update, two new
classifications (Limited Commercial and Business Park) are proposed specifically for the N.
19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan. The following definitions for the new land
use classifications should be used when utilizing and interpreting the Land Use Plan.
Limited Commercial
Areas intended to serve a limited population and provide only for local neighborhood
convenience shopping and professional offices.
The areas should be buffered and
architecturally blended to protect surrounding neighborhoods and areas designated
for
future residential development. Buildings should be limited to a design and scale
that
complements residential development. Appropriate zoning designations would include
"B-1", Neighborhood Service District.
Business Park
These areas are intended to provide for and encourage development of high
technology industries, research establishments and regional office headquarters.
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Nonh 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Business Park requires attractive and well planned surroundings set in a high quality
setting developed to recognize the impact on adjacent development and contribute
to
the overall image of the community. Appropriate zoning designations would be "BP",
Business Park District, and "M-I ", Light Manufacturing District.
The boundaries of the land use classifications shown on the Land Use Plan are located along
significant natural or man-made features wherever possible to aid in identification.
These
features include watercourses, streets,
subdivisions, property boundaries and existing
development. The land use classification boundaries represent general recommendations for
future development. However, the precise location of the boundaries may not
always be
critical. Variations of many feet, particularly where no significant natural or man-made
feature is present, may be acceptable. It will be the responsibility of the Planning Department,
based upon the recommendations of the Planning Board and guidance provided by the N.
19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan, to establish boundaries if questions arise.
5.0.2 Land Use Implementation Guidelines
Most land development within the N. 19th A venue/Oak Street Corridor study area will be
conducted by private developers (exceptions might be parks and revitalization projects). With
the exception of public facility and utility improvements installed by the City, it will be the
development sector that actually implements the Land Use Plan.
It is therefore important for
both developers and the governing bodies to have clear, predictable guidelines to follow when
reviewing and making decisions relative to new developments.
Consequently, within the
context of the policies established in Chapter JV - Goals, Objectives, Jmplementation Policies,
the following guidelines have been formulated to help ensure that thc intent and integrity of
the Land Use Plan is retained over the life of its use.
Limited Commercial Land Use Guidelines
In an effort to create quality neighborhoods in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor area,
rctail and service commercial uses will be permitted as part of the neighborhood development
pattern. However, any commercial development must be sited and designed so that its
activities will not detrimentally affect the adjacent residential neighborhoods. To this end, the
following guidelines will influence the siting ofIimited commercial uses:
. Commercial uses will be located only at the intersections of arterials; and
. Professional offices, retail and service commercial uses may be permitted in
neighborhood commercial centers, but only at a development scale compatible with
adjacent residential development.
Business Park Land Use Guidelines
The following' guidelines shall aid in governing all land use planning pertaining to the
development of land designated in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street study area as Business
Park:
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
. Land use activities in areas designated Business Park include administrative and
research
office facilities, technological research establishments, pilot plants, medical
clinics, and
light industria1. Other commercial
and industrial uses may be considered as part of a
planned unit development.
. Business park, office and industrial uses should be located along arterial streets,
allowing
garden-type, green space uses in high-quality settings to buffer the general view
of more
intensive uses and contribute to the urban open space of the entry way corridors.
. All business park development shall be landscaped utilizing consistent landscaping
design
criteria that will tie adjacent projects together.
Landscape casements and greenway
corridors along N. 19th A venue and Oak Street using, shrubs, trees, streetscape
and earth
berms will be provided and installed at the time of development of individual projects.
Signage will be controlled in terms of placement, character and size.
. To assure compatibility between internal business park activities and adjacent sites,
master
planning of business park developments shall be required.
General Land Use Plan Implementation Guidelines
Buffering and Transitional Land Use
When two different land use types are shown on the Land Use Plan map, or are approved as
part of a development master plan, buffering or a transitional land use between the two land
uses may be required, particularly if there is substantial reason to believe that the two land
uses will be incompatible. Buffering consists of thc placement of neutral open space between
two incompatible uses and will be required of the more intcnsive use where a less intensive
use already exists, or where the Land Use Plan shows that a less intensive use is intended
adjacent to the more intensive use. Introduction of transitional
land uscs will consist of
situating uses of intermediate density or intensity between commercial or business park, and
residential developments.
In cases where buffering is desirable the following may be acceptable:
. Areas of landscaped open space;
. Stream corridors with landscaping;
. Arterial and collector streets
with landscaping;
. Major utility casements, iflandscaped;
. Block walls, landscaping, earth
berms; or
. Combinations ofthe above.
Interpretation of Land Use Boundaries
The land use boundaries, as shown on Figure 11, "Land Use Plan", utilize natural or man-
made demarcations where possible. Where such boundaries are not
readily distinguishable,
variations may be allowed, provided the intent of the Land Use Plan is not compromised.
With proper buffering and site planning techniques, variations may be allowed without
diminishing the intended purpose of the Land Use Plan.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Master Plan Amendment Process
The N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan constitutes a land use policy
statement that was created based upon prevailing needs, existing development patterns,
consideration of man-made and natural constraints, opportunities for new development,
underlying zoning, and accepted planning practices. As these variables change, the
Plan must
be periodically reviewed and occasionally amended.
Amendments to this document will be
processed according to the proceedings and criteria established in the 1990 Bozeman
Area
Master Plan.
5.1 PARKS/OPEN SPACE PLAN
The City of Bozeman has a modest inventory of park land and recreational facilities, and has not
effectively provided the necessary active recreational amenities to keep pace with the growth of the
community and outlying area. A conceptual network of linear open space/trail corridors throughout
the jurisdictional area was established in the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan.
However, greater
emphasis must be placed on implementation of these public corridors if open space protection and
active recreational facilities are to be available to the residents of Bozeman.
5.1.1 Park Land
The 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update identifies acquisition of land for future
public
park sites as vital to ensure land for park development and maintain pace with growing
community demands for new recreational facilities. Providing opportunities for recreation
and
leisure programs for aU age groups should not be taken lightly and cannot be accomplished
without successful mechanisms to acquire appropriate park lands.
Park land dedication
through residential subdivision review is still the principal tool used to acquire
lands for
development of public recreational facilities.
However, recent legislative actions and the
reduction of available revenue resources, such as eliminating cash-in-lieu of dedicated
park
land for minor subdivisions, reduces even more the community's already limited ability
to
acquire public park land. Reclassification of property designated for residential
development
in the Land Use Plan to
a designation for commercial development further limits the
community's ability to acquire additional lands for public parks and recreational
facilities.
Because these public provisions are generally not implemented until subdivision
review of
proposed developments, and after the land use classifications of the Land Use Plan
have been
amended, it is necessary to implement new strategies to provide the public recreational
facilities needed by the general public.
Acquisition of park land should not be based on random selection, but must instead
be
evaluated based on its location in the community and physical suitability to sustain
development of park and recreational use. Existing park land and the ability to
link with the
built environment and natural features should be a priority in selecting appropriate
areas for
future development of parks and recreational facilities.
When considering current and future parks and recreational needs, national standards
are
commonly used as guidelines.
These guidelines too often become absolutes and do not
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
consider climate, population density or a community's ability to implement the standards.
Nevertheless, the standards can provide a benchmark for further analysis.
A commonly
accepted standard suggests 8.5 acres of park land should be provided for every 1,000 people.
5.1.2 Rose Park
To rectifY this situation for the future, the Bozeman parks and open space system should be
steadily improved by developing new parks in those neighborhoods currently underserved and
by building upon the potential of existing park lands. Of those sectors within the community
that are substantially undeveloped, yet planned for future residential development, the
northwest quadrant of the City offers the greatest opportunity to fulfill the demand for public
recreational facilities.
The Bozeman Recreation and Parks Advisory Board designates Rose Park, an undeveloped
21.21-acre dedicated park, as a future community park for the City.
The park is located
approximately one-quarter mile west of the intersection of N. 19th A venue and Oak Street,
and is situated directly north of Emily Dickinson School. The Advisory Board has established
a long-term goal for Rose Park of serving as a regional park for the City and outlying
communities. As a recreational facility, it would complement, as well as expand
upon, the
public amenities of Bogart Park and provide a counterbalance in another sector of the City
that will help satisfY the demand for public recreational facilities.
Its proximity to N. 19th
Avenue and the interstate system should be given substantial weight in supporting the logic of
establishing Rose Park as a regional park.
Community parks are recognized as large-scale, serving the population over a large region
with a community focus related to the facilities offered. A community
park is generally an
area of 10 to 100 acres that provides a variety of active and passive recreational opportunities.
To accomplish the development of Rose Park as a community park, the governing bodies,
with the assistance of the Bozeman Recreation and Parks Advisory Board, and Planning Staff,
must adopt a municipal parks and recreation facilities plan.
5.1.3 Open SpacelTrail Corridors
A network of public open space and linear trail corridors is presented in the 1990 Bozeman
Area Master Plan with the purpose of protecting environmental resources and supporting a
public, recreational trail system that exemplifies the importance of urban open space. These
corridors are often identified within stream corridors and other environmentally sensitive
lands, and are intended to eventually link with other elements of the community's public
pedestrian and bicycle circulation system.
The Master Plan currently identifies a portion of Catron Creek as a stream corridor west ofN.
19th Avenue, which runs through Brentwood Subdivision along the east side of Rose Park
and then north across Baxter Lane where it runs through the southwest corner of the Gene
Graf property. From there the creek parallels the west property line of the Graf property until
it reaches Interstate 90. Although the Master Plan does not continue the
corridor further
north of the old Burlington Northern railroad bed to Interstate 90, it is identified as a stream
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
corridor in the conceptual master plan for a mixed-use planned unit development proposed by
the property owner in this area, and should be designated accordingly as a stream corridor in
the Master Plan. To the northwest of the Baxter Lane and West Catron Creek intersection an
old railroad right-of-way that continues west is also designated as open space/linear trail
corridor.
Two additional watercourses have been identified in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street
Corridor Master Plan as stream corridors, to further encourage implementation of public
open space/linear trail corridors: 1) a stream/ditch tributary of East Catron Creek west of N.
19th Avenue, which enters the study area at the northwest comer of the intersection of N.
19th A venue and Durston Road, and paral1els the west side of N. 19th A venue until it drains
into East Catron Creek just north of Rose Park; and 2) Mandeville Creek along the west
boundary of the study area ITom Durston Road to Baxter Lane. A tributary
of Mandeville
Creek, identified as Walton's Ditch, should also be considered as a potential stream corridor in
this Master Plan and is located along the cast side of Maple Terrace and Homesites
Subdivisions, and Covered Wagon Trailer Park. The irrigation ditch connects with Fanner's
Canal at Oak Street and establishes a valid stream/ditch watercourse that runs north along the
Saccoccia/Perkin's property line to Baxter Lane (see Figure 4).
Development of residential, commercial and industrial property in the study area shall
recognize these stream corridors as an integral element of the community's master plan
designed to enhance pedestrian and bicycle circulation systems along stream corridors, as well
as Oak Street, N. 19th A venue and Baxter Lane. H is further intended to provide
for a
circulation system that offers recreational activities for area residents, as well as recreational
and commuting opportunities for individuals working in thc commercial and industrial sectors
of the study area. Rose Park, eannarked as a proposed community park, should be the focus
of these open space/linear trail corridors and should function as the threshold for a system of
trails and open space corridors that will link with the rest of the community.
5.1.4 Parks and Open Space Interface with Other Plan Elements
As the community grows, the location and importance of new parks and recreation facilities
should be coordinated with development of other public facilities.
The proximity of Rose
Park to Emily Dickinson School makes it a logical choice for a community-wide park.
It
offers opportunities for efficient property acquisition, use and maintenance, as well as
providing residents with open space buffers between their homes and less desirable public
facilities. In particular, cooperation between the City of Bozeman, Bozeman School District,
and Parks and Recreation Advisory Board should be encouraged to promote joint
development and use of facilities.
5.1.5 Park and Open Space Implementation Guidelines
The City of Bozeman, with the assistance of the Bozeman Recreation and Parks Advisory
Board, should develop a Municipal Parks and Open Space Plan with the aim of establishing an
integrated system of parks and open space, not only for the study area, but throughout the
City. This plan should include development of new parks, upgrading of existing parks, and
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
the development of innovative recreational facilities, such as pedestrian trails,
linear open
space and bicycle routes. In so doing, the City should:
. Seek to improve parks and recreation
facilities by examining and instituting methods to
increase revenues and to decrease
costs within the parks and recreation system.
. Establish an impact fee for
acquisition and development of neighborhood and community
parks.
. Identity and institute methods
of increasing the use of existing parks, including
improvements.
. Continue to expand the availability
of existing parks and recreation facilities through
cooperative agreements with
the public schools and other public agencies.
. Develop a
mechanism that allows developers the opportunity to consider Transfer-of-
Development-Rights for development
of property in-lieu of park land and/or open space in
another location in the community.
. Create incentives and flexibility
in subdivision and site plan review for developers to
develop properties using planned
unit development review or an alternative development
review process designed to achieve
the same objectives, which provide open space, green
belts, active recreational facilities,
trails and the other community amenities.
5.2 GREENWAY CORRIDORS PLAN
Both N. 19th Avenue and Oak Street are recognized as integral clements in emphasizing the
importance of urban open space and the lasting image of the community that is left with residents and
visitors. Future development along these corridors, with provisions for open space, trail corridors
and high-quality development, wi11 detennine the success of the community to implement the N. 19th
Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan and accomplish the objectives stated herein.
5.2.1 Greenbelt/Open Space Corridors
Provisions for sufficient open space and green belts along the two entryway corridors
in the
study area are necessary to provide the urban streetscape and park-like setting
for the area
envisioned by the community.
The greenways will be characterized by informal vegetative planting of trees and
shrubs, and
accessible pathways with curvilinear alignments. Currently N. 19th Avenue and Oak
Street
are developed to rural standards.
As development occurs along these arterial streets,
development will improve them to a fun urban standard with curb, gutters and sidewalks.
The
greenway corridors will allow the pedestrian ways to be relocated ITom their standard
location
and placed further ITom the arterial streets.
This will provide a more safe, park-like setting for pedestrians by creating a greater
visual and
physical separation ITom the arterial traffic.
These greenway corridors will mitigate the
impacts of noise generated by the arterial streets and protect the viewsheds of
the community's
surrounding environment.
Provisions for implementing these greenway corridors will be
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street
Corridor Master Plan
accomplished by designating N. 19th Avenue as a Class I entryway corridor roadway and
initiating Oak Street as a new Class I entryway corridor roadway between N. 7th Avenue and
N. 19th Avenue, and a Class 11 entryway corridor roadway west of N. 19th Avenue.
For
examples of attractive site plan development in existing Bozeman entryway corridors please
see Appendix E.
5.2.2 Planned Unit Development Overlay
To successfully achieve the community's vision of a park-like setting for commercial
development within the greenway corridors, and to establish aesthetically-pleasing entryways
containing harmonious patterns of high-quality development. a unified plan must be developed
to avoid the piece-meal strip commercial development experienced along other entryways.
The planned unit development (PUD) procedure of the Bozeman Area Zoning Ordinance has
already proven itself to be an effective tool in achieving these goals. The
PUD procedures
make available to the planning process a valid mechanism for reserving open space that may
not be acquired as residential park land due to reclassification of property for commercial
development.
Implementation of the PUD procedures established in the Bozeman Area Zoning Ordinance
will entail a master plan for each development that depicts general land uses, major streets,
pedestrian circulation, trails, stream corridors, open space, green belts, streetscape and other
significant land features. PUDs will be implemented by each developer during subdivision or
site plan review of each development project. Property located within the planned unit
development overlay for the N. 19th Avenue and Oak Street entryway corridors will be
reviewed as a zoning PUD Prior to initiating the first phases of development
for each
property, the developer shall provide architectural and landscape guidelines that ensure that
development will accomplish the goals and objectives of the N. 19th A venue/Oak Street
Corridor Master Plan.
5.2.3 Greenway Corridor Guidelines
The following guidelines shall aid in the influence and implementation of well-planned urban
development within the greenway corridors:
. Establish in the Design Objectives Plan for entryway corridors and Chapter 18.43
-
Bozeman Area Entryway Corridor Overlay District of the Zoning Ordinance landscape
guidelines designed to implement greenway corridors within commercial developments
located along N. 19th Avenue and Oak Street that accomplish:
1. An urban streetseape
that protects the viewsheds of the community and encourages
aesthetically-pleasing entryways
into the City
2. A park-like setting that
exemplifies the importance of urban open space
3. Guidelines to mitigate
the impacts of noise generated by the arterial streets
4. An integrated design
scheme of public and private open space
5. Community amenities not
acquired as residential park land
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
. Initiate a planned unit development
overlay for all non-residential development in the
N. 19th Avenue and Oak Street
entryway corridor roadways that requires zoning planned
unit development (PUD) review
procedures durmg subdivision or site plan review of any
property located in the entryway
corridors;
. Combine the subdivision and
zoning PUD requirements into a unified PUD ordinance, to
streamline review procedures
and to ensure consistency;
. Provide for flexibility in the
thirty percent (30 percent) open space provision by allowing
for portions of the tront yard
setback areas to count toward said open space requirements
if included as part of an overall
PUD design scheme and integrated into other areas
planned for green belts, active
recreational facilities, trails, common areas, public plazas,
and other community amenities
that compensate for the reduction of open space.
5.3 TRANSPORT A TION PLAN
The most significant clements of the transportation network for the study area are already in place.
Development of future clements such as Oak Street, the Mid-Line Road, and the continuation of N.
11 th and N. 15th are already in progress or may be developed during the subdivision and site planning
processes. Each of these roads will serve multiple modes of transportation
including automobiles,
bicycles, and pedestrians.
In the 1993 Transportation Plan Update both N. 19th and Oak Street are designated to provide
bicycle routes. These routes may be incorporated into either the roadways
themselves or into
auxiliary routes located in the entryway corridor setbacks. Pedestrian routes may also be provided in
the entryway corridor setbacks. Pedestrian and bicycle use will reduce automobile congestion as well
as the noise, fumes, and other impacts of automobiles. As the
majority of the study area is
undeveloped, a rare opportunity exists to provide trail corridors for transportation and recreation uses
that are integrated with the anticipated conunercial and residential uses. Connections to the existing
urban trail corridors can be made during the development ofthis area.
As noted in the 1990 Master Plan Update a number of financing methods are available to provide for
capital improvements to urban infrastructure. An additional option
has been added through the
implementation of impact fees. By collecting the cost of service ITom new businesses and residences
in the study area, the City's ability to provide timely installation ofnccded infrastructure is enhanced.
A key element in tbe design of the future road system in the study area is the recognition ofN. 19th
Avenue and Oak Street as limited access roadways. By limiting the
number of accesses strip
development is discouraged, coordinated larger an?a development is encouraged, and the function of
arterial streets is preserved.
5.4 ENVIRONMENT ALL Y SENSITIVE AREAS PLAN
This document has identified several environmentally sensitive areas in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak
Street Corridor study area. These sensitive areas are characterized by features such as streams and
ditches, wetlands, seasonal high water tables and hydric soils. The purpose of preserving these areas
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street
Corridor Master Plan
is twofold: I) to protect environmentally sensitive areas and retain the values and functions
they
provide; and 2) to set aside land deemed unsuitable for development.
5.4.1 Environmentally Sensitive Area Implementation Guidelines
Areas mapped as environmentally sensitive indicate land which may have environmental
features that limit development capacity and capability; environmental constraints could pose a
threat to life and property. Areas identified as environmentally sensitive will
be protected
through various regulatory and non-regulatory programs. Environmentally sensitive areas will
be delineated through field verifications, and protective measures wi1l be implemented through
subdivision or site plan review processes. These areas could be used as on-site open space
and recreational amenities. Eventually, if the City adopts a Critical Lands Strategic
Plan,
specific requirements or parameters for development will be outlined for environmentally
sensitive areas throughout the Bozeman City-County Planning Jurisdiction.
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
VI. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
In order to accomplish the objectives and implementation policies established in Chapter IV - Goals,
Objectives and Implementation Policies,
and in Chapter V - Master Plan Elements, the
Implementation Plan of the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan has been prepared to
provide a logical order of tasks and appropriate responsibility relative to Master Plan implementation.
The Implementation Plan outlines the four principal tools to complete the tasks of the Master Plan for
the study area.
. Annexation
. Subdivision Regulations
. . Zoning Ordinance
. Capital Improvements Program
6.0 ANNEXATION
Annexation of unincorporated lands to the City of Bozeman will help ensure efficient, well-planned
development at urban densities with municipal inftastructure and public services. Of the one thousand
plus acres in the study area, the cntire portion of the study area situated north of Baxtcr Lane, and
. approximately forty acres south of Baxter Lane, are currently locatcd outside the corporate City limits
of Bozeman. Additionally, land lying in the southeast quadrant of the study area bctween Oak Street
and Durston Road also lies outside the City limits. Gardner-Simmcntal Plaza Subdivision, which has
City sanitary sewer, is the only development outside the City limits in the study area that utilizes
municipal inrrastructure. As a result, a significant portion of the study area is under joint jurisdiction
of City and County govcrning bodies. Subdivision review by the Gallatin County Commission and
site plan/development review by the Bozeman City Commission limit the ability to effectively
implement the Master Plan, and ultimately affect various issues of the decision-making process by
both the public and private sector.
As delineated on the Land Use Plan, the area north of Baxter Lane is designated to develop as
Commercial and Business Park/Industrial. The area is located in the service boundary of the existing
sewer system, as well as the urban growth boundary for Bozeman.
Municipal inrrastructure is
planned to eventually extend to this area and should be considered a logical progression of urban
development in a north-south direction along N. 19th Avenue.
Annexation should accelerate
development timing, and impact development fees should be utilized to lessen the burden of
development costs on taxpayers by requiring development to pay for itself, and to ensure financial
solvency of the municipality.
Development at urban densities, but with private facilities, is a significant burden on County agencies
to provide fire and police protection, and road improvements. The ability
to provide safe and
effective services with private wells and sewage facilities is also affected by the proximity of the study
area to the Bozeman solvent site. Degradation of the area's water quality is a serious threat based on
the area's history of high ground water and numerous watercourses in the area.
Page 53
North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
It is both feasible and desirable for unincorporated lands lying within the study area to annex to the
City of Bozeman prior to development for the following reasons:
. The environmental conditions (i.e., high groundwater, watercourses and Bozeman solvent
site)
dictate extension of municipal infrastructure to the area to ensure adequate provision
of public
services (i.e., water, sewer, police and fire protection).
. The N. 19th A venue corridor is a logical progression of urban growth and development
in a
north-south direction betwccn Durston Road and the N. 19th Avenue/Interstate-90
interchange.
. The City has the capacity to provide domestic water, sanitary sewer and other urban
services to
the area.
. The additional land will complement Bozeman's tax base.
6.1 SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS
An update of the Bozeman Area Subdivision Regulations is presently scheduled by the Planning
Offiee to incorporate changes to the Montana Subdivision and Platting Act enacted by the State
legislature with House Bill 473. However, to facilitate administration
of the Bozeman Area
Subdivision Regulations and to assure consistency with the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor
Master Plan, additional adjustments to the subdivision regulations are necessary. As
such, the
following amendments to the subdivision regulations, at a minimum, are suggested.
Chapter 16.14 - Planned Unit Development
. Repeal the PUD chapter of the
subdivision regulations and replace with a unified zoning
and subdivision PUD ordinance
which incorporates all of the existing subdivision and
zoning PUD procedures, statutory
requirements, and criteria into one coordinated policy
and regulatory document.
Adoption of the unified PUD ordinance will require all
development to comply with the
1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update and N. 19th
A venue/Oak Street Corridor
Master Plan.
. Amend Section 16.14.050 - "Design
and Standards" to provide flexibility in the 30 percent
open space provision, incentives
for high-quality development, architectural and landscape
developmental guidelines, and
a conceptual master plan for development of each PUD.
Additional front yard setbacks
in the entryway corridor overlay, beyond the minimum
setbacks required for each zoning
district, may be counted toward the 30 percent open
space provisions for planned
unit developments.
6.2 ZONING ORDINANCE
Certain provisions of the Bozeman Area Zoning Ordinance will need modification to effectively
implement the adopted N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan. Four aspects of the
Zoning Ordinance should be given particular attention:
.
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North 19th Av(mue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Chapter 18.43 - Bozeman Area Entryway Corridor Overlay District
. ReclassifY N. 19th Avenue as a Class I entryway corridor roadway between Durston
Road
and the N. 19th A venue/Interstate-90 interchange.
. ClassifY Oak Street as a Class I cntryway corridor roadway between N. 7th Avenue
and
N. 19th A venue, and a Class II entryway corridor roadway west ofN. 19th A venue.
Chapter 18.47 - Environmentally Sensitive Lands Overlay District
. Establish a new chapter to the Zoning Ordinance that will implement the protection
of
environmentally sensitive lands, and set aside land deemed unsuitable for development
due.
to environmental constraints.
Chapter 18.54 - Planned Unit Development
. Repeal the PUD chapter of the subdivision regulations and replace with a unified
zoning
and subdivision PUD ordinance which incorporates all of the existing subdivision
and
zoning PUD procedures, statutory requirements, and criteria into one coordinated
policy
and regulatory document. Adoption
of the unified PUD ordinance will require all
development to comply with the 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update and N. 19th
A venue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan.
. ModifY Section 18.54.020 - "Intent of Planned Unit Development" to recognize the
N.
19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan as a "sub-area comprehensive plan" of
the City's adopted Master Plan.
. ModifY Section 18.54.050 - "Planned Unit Development Review Procedures and Criteria"
and Section 18.54.060 - "Plan Submittal Requirements" to clarifY that concept plan
review
procedures will involve a conceptual master plan of the development which depicts
general land uses, major streets, pedestrian and bicycle circulation, trails, stream
corridors,
open space, green belts and other significant land features.
. Amend Section 18.54.080 - "Phasing of Planned Unit Developments" that provides
objective developmental guidelines,
involving architectural and landscape
design
guidelines, which specifically outline how the development will accomplish the goals
and
objectives of the N. 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan with regard to
the
following:
1. Urban Streetscape and the importance of urban open space
2. Greenway Corridors and the importance of green belts and park-like settings
3. Vehicular, Pedestrian and Bicycle Circulation
4. Common Public Arcas
5. Architectural Standards
6. Landscape Treatment
7. Unified Signs
. Add to the PUD chapter a section that provides criteria for developer incentives
(density
bonus, flexibility in 30 percent open space provision, yard setbacks, lot coverage,
floor-
Page 55
North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
area ratio, cluster development,
etc.) to encourage the design of harmonious, high-quality
development.
. Amend Section 18.54.100 - "Planned
Unit Development Design Objectives and Criteria"
to recognize that the Commercial
and Industrial PUD Development Criteria arc applicable
to
all non-residential development in the N. 19th Avenue/Oak
Street Corridor
Comprehensive Plan.
Design Objectives Plan for Entryway Corridors
. Amend the Design Objectives
Plan for cntryway corridors to include Oak Street as a new
Class I entryway corridor roadway
and establish objectives and guidelines for development
along the corridor.
. Amend the Design Objectives
Plan for both N. 19th Avenue and Oak Street to include
landscape guidelines with a
typical blueprint for developers addressing entryway image,
greenbelts, park-like landscape,
streetscape, special design features, buffering techniques,
pedestrian and bicycle circulation,
and parking lot visibility.
. Establish landscape and architectural
guidelines in the Design Objectives Plan for entryway
corridors that mitigate the
impact of noise generated by traffic along the arterials while
protecting the viewsheds of
the community.
. Establish guidelines in the
Design Objectives Plan for entryway corridors that address the
orientation of buildings and
off-street parking lots to entry way corridors.
6.3 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM
The Capital Improvements Program is a part of the Impact Fees Program.
Growth of the City is
directed by scheduling public inftastructure improvements. The Capital Improvement Program is a
document prepared by City Staff for adoption by the City Commission which identifies specific
installations or upgrades of water, sewer, street, and fire protection facilities.
It schedules the
anticipated construction over a five year time frame and allocates the impact fee funds which have
been collected.. The intent is to match facilities availability with the demand for those facilities. This
mechanism makcs the process of development of public infrastructure more deliberate and
predictable. In this way, urban sprawl is discouraged. If private interests wish to develop in other
areas, they may do so but they will bear the true cost of providing infrastructure for their
development.
To qualify for the Impact Fee Capital Improvement Program, a specific project must increase the
capacity and ability to serve development within the city of Bozeman or its service areas. The entire
project does not have to be allocated to new growth but that portion paid. for by impact fees must be.
No maintenance or operations costs may be met by impact fees although debt service or bond
payments for growth-oriented expenditures may be. The Capital Improvements Program is prepared
on an annual basis and adopted by the City Commission as part of the budgeting process.
The current Capital Improvement Program supports three projects in the study area. The first project
is the installation of a water main in conjunction with the construction of Oak Street between N. 7th
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North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Master Plan
Avenue and N. 19th Avenue. The second is the continuation of the water main to follow the road
alignments north and tie into an existing water line under Mandeville Lanc~ The third project is to
install a sewer main following the Baxter Lane alignment and tying into the existing main by the
Gardner-Sirnmental Plaza. Without the installation of these projects the infrastructure
will not
support the full development of the northwest quadrant of the study area.
Page 57
n _....____..__.__._
Appendices
APPENDIX A
I '\ ., , Study area ~
~Roads
</,: TAl 170
_ TAl 172
mm TAZ 174
_ TAZ 176
~ TAl 178
~ TAl 180
1::::::::::1 TAl 182
~ TAl 262
~ TAl 264
~
-
---
----
Appendices
APPENDIX B
Gender Distribution
Gender Percentage* 1996**
2000*** 2010***
Male 51.2 percent 660
652 834
Female 48.8 percent 629
621 795
TOTAL 100.0 percent 1,289
1,273 1,629
*Based on 1990 U.S. Census of Population and Housing
**Based on 1996 Bo=eman City-County Planning Sta.ff estimate
***Based 011 1992 City consultant projections
Ethnic Origin
Ethnic Origin Percentage* 1996**
2000*** 2010***
Caucasian 95.9 percent ],237
1.222 ],563
African American OJ percent 4
4 5
Native American ] .8 percent
24 23 30
Asian American 1.5 percent 19
]9 24
Other 0.4 percent 5
5 7
TOTAL 100.0 percent 1,289
1,273 1,629
*Based on 1990 U.S, Census of Population Gnd Housing
**Based on J 996 Bo=eman City-County Planning Sta.ff estimate
***Based on 1992 City consultant projections
Age Distribution
Age Distribution Percentage* 1996**
2000*** 2010***
Under 1 to 9 years 11.4 percent
147 145 185
10 to 19 years 15.7 percent 202
199 256
20 to 29 years 3 IJ percent 403
398 509
30 to 39 years 16,0 percent 206
204 261
40 to 49 years 9 J percent 120
118 151
50 to 59 years 5,0 percent 64
64 81
60 to 69 years 4.8 percent 62
61 78
70 to 79 years 4,1 percent 53
52 67
80 years and over 2.5 percent 32
32 41
TOTAL 100.0 percent 1,289
1,273 1,629
*Based on 1990 U.S. Census of Population and Housing
**Based 011 1996 Bo=eman City-County Planning Sta.ff estimate
***Based on 1992 City consultant projections
Appendices
School Enrollment (Persons 3 Years and Over)
Percentage* 1996**
2000*** 2010***
Enrolled - Preprimary 1.7 percent 21
21
27
Enrolled - K-12 11.6 percent
144 143
182
Enrolled - College 36.5 percent
455 449
574
Not enrolled 50.1 percent
624 615
789
TOTAL (Persons 3 years and over) 100.0 percent
1,244 1,228
1,572
*Based on 1990 U.S. Census of Population and Housing
**Based on 1996 Bozeman City-County Planning StaIr estimate
***Based 0/1 1992 City consultant prqjections
Educational Attainment (Persons 18 years and over)
Percentage*
1996** 2000***
2010***
Less than 9th grade 1.6 percent
17 17
21
9th to 12th, no diploma 3.7 percent
39 39
50
High school graduate 15.4 percent
163 161
205
Some college 45.2 percent
477 471
603
Associate degree 4.3 percent
46 45
58
Bachelor's degree 20.0 percent
211 209
268
Graduate/professional 9.7 percent
103 101
129
TOTAL (Persons 18 years and over) 100.0 percent
1,056 1,043
1,334
*Based on 1990 U.S. Census (~r Population and Housing
**Based on J 996 Bo=eman City-County Planning StaIr estimate
***Based on 1992 City consultant prqjections
Employment Cla~sification (Employed persons 16 years and over)
Percentage*
1996** 2000*** 2010***
Private, for-profit 56.6 percent
366
361 462
Private, not-for-profit
6.9 percent 45
44 56
Local government
5.1 percent 33
33 42
State government 21.5 percent
139
137 175
Federal government
2.8 percent 18
18 23
Self-employed
6.8 percent 43
43 55
Unpaid family workers
0.3 percent 2
2 3
TOTAL (Employed persons 16 years & over) 100.0 percent
646
638 816
*Based on 1990 U.S. Census o.r Population and Housing
**Based on 1996 Bozeman City-County Planning Sta.ff estimate
***Based on 1992 City consultant prqjections
----------------
Appendices
APPENDIX C
HISTORIC RESOURCES OF THE N.
19TH AVENUE/OAK STREET CORRIDOR
MASTER PLAN AREA
Several historic resources and potential National Register of Historic Places listings have been
identified within the general vicinity of the North Nineteenth Avenue/Oak Street Conidor
Comprehensive Plan Area. These properties have not been officially surveyed or researched at this
time, however, and very limited information is presently available. Nonetheless, given the fact that
these sites are important remnants of the Gallatin Valley's disappearing agricultural heritage, any land
use classifications for the North Nineteenth Avenue/Oak Street Corridor Study Area should recognize
and, to some extent, be guided by the presence of these historic resources.
In September of 1985, a reconnaissance survey of historic sites within Bozeman city limits but outside
the 1983 historic resource survey area boundary was conducted by Matthew Cohen. Two existing
historic sites were identified within the general vicinity of the North Nineteenth Avenue/Oak Street
Conidor Study Area which may be potentially eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic
Places. These include:
1. The former Palrrey Property (c. 1935), 1005 Durston Road, a large, 1 1/2 story rustic Craftsman
Style residence, with broad, low-pitched roofs, multiple sash windows, gable stickwork,
associated outbuildings, and other site features;
2. 1319 Durston Road (c. 1885), a trigabled, 1 1/2 story, novelty sided vernacular
residence
featuring a porch with an ornamental valence, and associated outbuildings.
On July 10, 1996, a second reconnaissance survey of the Study Area was conducted, revealing other
historic properties that are potentially eligible for National Register listing. These include:
1. 1306 Durston Road (c. 1930),
a 1 1/2 story craftsman-style rustic log house with a log
outbuilding, and other site features;
2. 1406 Durston Road (c. 1930), a 1 1/2 story stuccoed Craftsman Bungalow with associated
log
shed/barn, and other site features;
3. 1412 Durston Road (c.1930), a 1 1/2 story rustic log house in the Craftsman Style,
with
associated outbuildings, and other site features;
4. 5762 Baxter Lane (c. 1925), a two-story rustic log residence, with associated outbuildings,
mature vegetation, and other site features.
The 1990 Bozeman Area Master Plan Update recognizes that "(t)he beauty of the City of Bozeman,
the Gallatin Valley, and our productive agricultural lands are valuable resources." The Master Plan
Appendices
Update stresses the importance of the area's environment, aesthetics, and natural resources
encouraging, among other things, the preservation of aesthetic resources, the establislunent and
maintenance of greenbelts and/or open space, and the protection and preservation of the Gallatin
Valley's productive agricultural operations. More specifically, the Master Plan Update advocates the
preservation and cnhanccment of "all of thc fcatures of the community's heritage that define and
contribute to the Gallatin Valley's unique 'quality of life.'"
The historic resources of the North 19th Avenue/Oak Street Corridor study area, as well as most of
the undeveloped land in this vicinity. contributes to the Bozeman area's unique 'quality of life' and is,
consequently, worthy of historic preservation consideration. More than simply reflective of
the
Gallatin Valley's cultural heritage, these historic sites are some of the only remaining agricultural-
related properties within Bozeman's jurisdictional area. Furthermore. their aesthetic beauty and high
visibility will undoubtedly leave a lasting impression of the character of the Bozeman area with
Bozeman visitors.
Therefore, proposed land use classifications for the North Nineteenth A venue/Oak Street Corridor
Comprehensive Plan Area should, at the very least, be guided to some extent by the location,
character, and quality of existing historic buildings and farmlands in the vicinity. When possible and
appropriate, efforts to officially survey and nominate potentially eligible properties on the National
Register of Historic Places should also be encouraged.
- ---------------
.....- .......-.--.--.---..-- --------.--.-----..-------......--....-.-....-
Appendices
APPENDIX D
Land Use Breakdown for City of Great Falls and Vicinity by Great Falls City-County Planning
Area (Land Use) City of Great Falls County
Urbanized Total Urbanized Area
Residential 42.52% 77.52%
61.64%
Commercial 11.17% 4.1%
7.47%
Industrial 6.31 % 8.22%
7.44%
Public 39.37% 10.101%
23.66%
Appendices
APPENDIX E
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---.------
Appendices
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