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Home My WebLink About092 (321 W Mendenhall St 2020) revised 04092020 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD For the Montana National Register of Historic Places Program and State Antiquities Database Montana State Historic Preservation Office Montana Historical Society PO Box 201202, 1410 8th Ave Helena, MT 59620-1202 Property Address: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Historic Address (if applicable): City/Town: BOZEMAN Site Number: 092 (An historic district number may also apply.) County: GALLATIN Historic Name: Original Owner(s): W. B. Bessey Current Ownership Private Public Current Property Name: Owner(s): Thomas J Heriza Revocable Living Trust / May L Heriza Revocable Living Trust Owner Address: 321 W Mendenhall St, Bozeman, MT 59715- 3446 Phone: Legal Location PM: Montana Township: 02S Range: 05E NE¼ SE ¼ NE ¼ of Section: 12 Lot(s): Lot 10 & 11 Block(s): D Addition: Tracy’s 2nd Add (TR2) Year of Addition: 1883 USGS Quad Name: Bozeman Year: 1987 Historic Use: Residential Current Use: Residential (2 units) Construction Date: 1890 Estimated Actual Original Location Moved Date Moved: UTM Reference www.nris.mt.gov NAD 27 or NAD 83(preferred) Zone: 12 Easting: 496688.1 Northing: 5058560.7 National Register of Historic Places NRHP Listing Date: Historic District: NRHP Eligible: Yes No *Property meets the City of Bozeman’s definition of an eligible property (see below). Date of this document: 02/18/2020 Form Prepared by: E. Sakariassen, S. Wells, Metcalf Archaeological Consultants, Inc. with C. Alegria and C. Hendry, Extreme History Project Address: Metcalf Archaeological Consultants, Inc., Bozeman, MT Daytime Phone: 406-219-3535 MT SHPO USE ONLY Eligible for NRHP: □ yes □ no Criteria: □ A □ B □ C □ D Date: Evaluator: Comments: MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 2 Architectural Description Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION Architectural Style: Queen Anne Cottage If Other, specify: Property Type: Residential Specific Property Type: Multiple units Architect: Unknown Architectural Firm/City/State: Unknown Builder/Contractor: Unknown Company/City/State: Unknown Source of Information: N/A This site consists of two historical architectural features: a house built in 1875 and a detached barn built in 1900. The house is a wood-framed, two- story structure built in the Queen Anne style. The original southern portion of the house is 1.5- stories while a large modern addition to the rear (presumably added during a 2008 remodel) is two stories. The plan is rectangular, with a foundation that may have originally been stone, but is now concrete under at least the newer addition. The house has a complex roof shape consisting of an asymmetrical gable-front façade, with nested gables on the higher addition as well as full gable dormers on the east and west elevations. The roof is clad in asphalt shingles. The exterior walls are clad in brick veneer on the original portion of the house, horizontal wood siding across the first story, and vertical board-and-batten on the exterior of the second story of the addition. The board-and-batten design is also under the gables of the original house, with wood scalloped shingles above. The wood scalloped shingles are under the gables of the addition as well. The primary façade faces south, onto W Mendenhall St. The primary entrance is surrounded by a covered wood front porch, which is accessed by a single step. Large deciduous bushes obscure a clear view of the south façade, but it appears the porch has a shed roof and, in the apex of the front-facing gable is a single-lite square window. A secondary entry is located on the east elevation, recessed slightly from the main portion of the house, within a side-gabled hyphen connecting the large two-story addition to the main house. The entry is a modern side-hung single-lite door accessed by wood steps with a wood railing. South of the entry, on the original portion of the house, is a single-lite fixed widow within a segmented-arch surround. In the apex of the gable above this window is a smaller square window opening. North of the secondary entry on the east elevation is a pair of square windows and, further north, the large addition contains a box-bay with six large window lites. Other details of this elevation were not visible from the public ROW. The west elevation was also partially obscured from the public ROW. On the northern end of the west elevation is a two-story, gable- roofed deck supported by square posts. The deck has access from the second story, and an at-grade entrance to the first story from a patio below. The west elevation of the original portion of the house contains a window within a segmented-arch window opening. The window appears to have divided lites, but a corrugated-metal fence along the west property boundary obscured full view of the opening. Directly above, is a square window lite in the apex of the gable, similar to that on the east elevation. Most of the original windows have been replaced, but the openings are intact. The window in the gable of the front façade looks like a later addition. The site is well maintained, but has lots of vegetation surrounding it, making a thorough description difficult. The vegetation includes multiple deciduous bushes and large mature deciduous trees. To the north of the house is the second feature: a small wood-framed detached barn. It has a front gabled and lean-to roof, which is clad in wood shingles. The feature has a rectangular plan, with the primary façade facing north onto the alleyway. The primary entrance is a large sliding wood door. The exterior walls are clad in horizontal wood siding painted with a worn and fading red. A hay loft window/door is located on the north side gable. The south elevation was not visible from the public ROW. The property was first recorded in August 1984 by James R. McDonald Architects. At that time, the site was described as “a neutral element within a potential historic district,” and did retain its historic integrity “due to the survival of original design and continuity of use, setting, and location.” Subsequent remodeling in 2008 has changed the site’s design and feeling. Metcalf finds that the large addition to the rear of the house has not, however, directly affected the original fabric of the house. The addition is only partially visible from the public ROW and does not detract from most views of the historic structure. Metcalf finds the property retains sufficient integrity of materials, workmanship, setting, location, and association to convey historic character. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 3 History of Property Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 HISTORY OF PROPERTY Prior to construction of the house at 321 W Mendenhall St., William H. Tracy purchased this property from the United States on June 15, 1872. He platted it as Tracy’s 2nd Addition on May 16, 1883. The residence on this property was built between 1890 and 1891, based on Sanborn maps and Gallatin County deed records. The owners of the property at the estimated time of construction were William and Rebecca Bessey, who purchased it from Rosa Black on December 6, 1890. William Bessey was born in 1853 in Elmire, New York. While living in Bozeman, William worked as a painter, picture hanger, and wall paperer (R.L. Polk & Co 1918). Rebecca Griffith was born on November 30, 1840 in Vandalia, Illinois. She lived in Chicago, IL for a time and also lived in San Francisco, California. Rebecca moved to Bozeman in 1885 (The Anaconda Standard 8 Aug 1916). Rebecca died on August 6, 1916 and is buried in Sunset Hills Cemetery in Bozeman, MT (Findagrave.com 2004). William remarried on October 24, 1917 to Annie Mortin (The Butte Miner 28 Oct 1917). In approximately 1922, William moved to National City, CA (R.L. Polk & Co 1922). William Bessey died in National City, CA on February 29, 1924. His remains were brought back to Montana and he is buried in Sunset Hills Cemetery in Bozeman, MT (Ancestry.com 2017). John and Cynthia Arnold purchased the property on February 20, 1919 and moved into the residence at 321 West Mendenhall Street in approximately 1922. John was born in Farmington, Missouri to George W. Arnold and Maria (Todd) Arnold in 1875. John worked at various jobs while living at 321 West Mendenhall. He was a janitor at the courthouse, a fireman for Montana State College, and eventually an engineer at Montana State College (The Montana Standard 1938). John Arnold and Cynthia (Collier) Mitchell Arnold were married in Bozeman on May 16, 1909 (Ancestry.com 2016). Cynthia was born in Indiana to John Collier and Emma (Barrickman) Collier. John Arnold died on November 1, 1938, the result of an auto accident on the corner of Main Street and Tracy Avenue in Bozeman, MT. He was struck by a car driven by E. L. Trent. Trent was charged and convicted of drunken and reckless driving and involuntary manslaughter (The Independent-Record 10 Nov 1938). After John’s death, Cynthia remained at 321 West Mendenhall Street for only a short time, moving to Tacoma, WA by 1940. Cynthia Arnold died in 1957 in Yakima, WA. John and Cynthia are buried together at Sunset Hills Cemetery in Bozeman, MT (Findagrave.com 2004). In 1943, this property was known as the “Arnold Apartment” and used as a rental. On April 9, 1943 Hattie F Kramer, Lorence Happel, Harold Happel, and Fred Happel purchased the property. Lorence Happel was born in Montana and lived his entire life in the Gallatin valley. He farmed near Belgrade, MT and was employed at Montana State College in Bozeman, MT. Lorence served in the second World War in Company M, 169 Infantry Regt (Findagrave.com 2004). He entered the Army on February 10, 1942 at Fort Lewis in Washington and was discharged on October 19, 1945 at Camp Lockett in California (The Montana Standard 6 Nov 1957). For many years, Lorence Happel was a member of the Bozeman City Band. Lorence died on November 4, 1957 and he is buried at Sunset Memorial Gardens in Belgrade, MT. Hattie (Toepper) E. Kramer was born February 2, 1888 in Bozeman, MT. She attended school and lived her entire life in Bozeman. In 1906, Hattie married Fred Happel. Fred Happel died in 1932. Hattie married Dave Kramer in 1934. Hattie Kramer died on September 30, 1963 (The Great Falls Tribune 3 Oct 1963). She is buried in Sunset Memorial Park in Belgrade, MT (Find A Grave 2004). Peter Zeier and Frank Oliver purchased the property on July 21, 1953. Peter J. Zeier was born January 14, 1884 in Madison, Wisconsin. He moved to Roundup, MT in 1910. He married Esther Baldwin in 1911 and the two of them settled in Bozeman in 1913. They lived briefly in Seattle, Washington from 1942 to 1952, after which they returned to Bozeman, MT. Peter was a contractor and builder in Bozeman (Great Falls Tribune 21 Mar 1962). Esther was born October 18, 1891 in Mauston, WI. Peter and Esther are buried in Sunset Hills Cemetery in Bozeman, MT (Findagrave.com 2004). The current owners of the property in 2019 are Thomas J Heriza Revocable Living Trust and May L Heriza Revocable Living Trust. Table 1. Chain of Title, 321 W. Mendenhall St, Bozeman, Montana. Grantor Grantee Date of Instrument Type of Instrument Property Description/Comments Reference USA William H. Tracy 15 June 1872 Patent S ½ of NE ¼ section 12, T2S R5E and SW ¼ of NW ¼ of section 7, T2S, R6E (113.40 acres) D: I/56 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 4 History of Property Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 Table 1. Chain of Title, 321 W. Mendenhall St, Bozeman, Montana. Grantor Grantee Date of Instrument Type of Instrument Property Description/Comments Reference William H. and Sarah J. Tracy John Bothwell 02 November 1881 Warranty Deed Lots 10 – 13, Block D, Tracy’s 2nd Addition D: 2/111 John and C. B. J. Bothwell Rosa G. Black 12 April 1883 Deed Same D: 3/571 M. M. and Rosa G. Black R. L. and W. B. Bessey 06 December 1890 Warranty Deed Same D: 18/8 W. B. and R. L. Bessey E. D. Ellis 17 February 1891 Warranty Deed Lots 10 and 11, Block D, Tracy’s 2nd Addition D: 18/40 E. D. Ellis Helena H. Ellis 02 May 1896 Warranty Deed Same D: 23/155 Helena H. and Edward D. Ellis Parmley White 23 April 1901 Warranty Deed Same D: 28/85 Pamley and John White F. M. Fitzgerald 01 Oct 1912 Warranty Deed Same D: 46/602 F. M. and Ella B. Fitzgerald Thomas J. Wilson 09 November 1914 Warranty Deed Same D: 52/216 Thomas J. and Mary J. Wilson John M. and Cynthia A. Arnold 20 February 1919 Warranty Deed Same D: 59/640 Cynthia A. Arnold Anna Pearl Sherrick 09 April 1943 Warranty Deed Same D: 88/334 Anna Pearl Sherrick Hattie F. Kramer, Lorence Happel, Harold Happel, and Fred Happel 09 April 1943 Warranty Deed Same D: 88/335 Hattie Kramer, Lorence and Virginia Happel, Harold Happel, Fred Happel Nora E. Keck 19 October 1944 Warranty Deed Same D: 90/408 No deed from Nora E. Keck to Wilburn L. and Rosalind Keck et al. is indexed in the grantor or grantee indices. Wilburn L. and Rosalind Keck, Mary Keck Lake, Ed H. Keck Peter J. Zeier and Frank Oliver 21 July 1953 Warranty Deed Same D: 112/5 No deed from Frank Oliver to Peter Zeier is indexed in the grantor or grantee indices. Peter J. and Esther Zeier Otto and Hazel Zeier 07 February 1962 Warranty Deed Same D: 139/289 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 5 History of Property Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 Table 1. Chain of Title, 321 W. Mendenhall St, Bozeman, Montana. Grantor Grantee Date of Instrument Type of Instrument Property Description/Comments Reference Otto and Hazel Zeier Frank and Frances Oliver 07 February 1962 Warranty Deed Same D: 147/218 Frank and Eileen Kountz Frank and Frances Oliver 19 August 1985 Quit Claim Deed Same D: Film 88/4808 Frank and Frances Oliver Richard E. and Kathleen Swift Thompson 19 March 1986 Warranty Deed Same D: Film 91/1351 Richard E. and Kathleen Swift Thompson Thomas J. Heriza Revocable Living Trust and May L Heriza Revocable Living Trust 27 February 2015 Warranty Deed Lots 10 and 11, Block D, Tracy’s 2nd Addition D: #2504999 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 6 Information Sources/Bibliography Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 INFORMATION SOURCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY The Anaconda Standard [Anaconda, Montana] 1916 “Mrs. W. B. Bessey Dead.” 8 August. Anaconda, Montana. Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com/image/348871309/?terms=Bessey, accessed January 10, 2020. Ancestry.com 2016 Montana, County Marriage Records, 1865-1993 [database on-line]. Ancestry.com Operations Inc., Lehi, UT. Electronic document, https://search.ancestry.com/cgi- bin/sse.dll?dbid=61375&h=328102&indiv=try&o_vc=Record:OtherRecord&rhSource=6061, accessed January 15, 2020. 2017 Montana, County Births and Deaths, 1830-2011 [database on-line]. Ancestry.com Operations Inc., Lehi, UT. Montana State Historical Society; Helena, Montana. Electronic document, https://search.ancestry.com/cgi- bin/sse.dll?dbid=61255&h=37008&indiv=try&o_vc=Record:OtherRecord&rhSource=5187, accessed January 10, 2020. The Butte Miner [Butte, Montana] 1917 “The Marriage of William B. Bessey” 28 October. Butte, Montana. Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com/image/348840624/?terms=William%2BBessey, accessed January 10, 2020. Find A Grave 2004 Rebecca Bessey (30 Nov 1840 – 6 Aug 1916). Electronic document, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/69793526/elijah- laurence-bessey, accessed January 10, 2020. 2004 Hattie E Kramer (1888 – 1963). Electronic document, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/86733711/hattie-e-kramer, accessed January 19, 2020. 2004 John M Arnold (1875-1938). Electronic document, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/72714005/john-m-arnold, accessed December 3, 2019. 2004 Peter J Zeier (14 Jan 1885 – 17 Mar 1962). Electronic document, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/75230776/peter-j- zeier, accessed January 19, 2020. 2004 Esther L Zeier (18 Oct 1891 – 3 Jun 1965). Electronic document, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/75230872/esther-l- zeier, accessed January 19, 2020. 2004 Lorence M Happel (25 Aug 1909 – 4 Nov 1957). Electronic document, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/75467512/lorence-m-happel, accessed January 19, 2020. Gallatin County Clerk & Recorder 1864-2019 Gallatin County Deeds. Gallatin County Clerk & Recorder, Bozeman, Montana. The Great Falls Tribune [Great Falls, Montana] 1963 “Deaths Around the Treasure State.” 03 October. Great Falls, Montana. Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com/image/239288657/?terms=Hattie%2BKramer, accessed December 18, 2019. 1962 “Zeier, Peter Jacob.” 21 Mar. Great Falls, Montana. Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com/image/239116070/?terms=zeier, accessed January 19, 2020. The Independent-Record 1938 “Trent in Custody for Manslaughter in Auto Accident.” 10 November. Helena, Montana. Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com/image/11469140/?terms=John%2BArnold, accessed December 3, 2019. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 7 Information Sources/Bibliography Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 James R. McDonald Architects 1984 321 W Mendenhall St. Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory Form. Document on-file with the City of Bozeman. Bozeman, MT. The Montana Standard [Butte, Montana] 1938 “Death of Engineer is Blamed on Accident.” 3 November. Butte, Montana. Electronic document, https://www.newspapers.com/image/349917028/?terms=John%2BArnold, accessed December 3, 2019. 1957 “Lorence M. Happel, Belgrade, Is Dead.” 6 November. Butte, Montana. https://www.newspapers.com/image/355495663/?terms=Lorence%2BHappel, accessed December 18, 2019. R. L. Polk & Co. 1904-2010 Polk’s Bozeman (Gallatin County, Mont.) City Directories. R.L. Polk & Co., Kansas City, Missouri. Renewable Technologies, Inc. [RTI] 2008 Bozeman Historic Resources Survey, revised ed. Prepared for Planning Department, City of Bozeman, Bozeman, Montana. Electronic document, https://www.bozeman.net/home/showdocument?id=5645, accessed 3/31/2020. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 8 Statement of Significance Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NRHP Listing Date: NRHP Eligibility: Yes No Individually Contributing to Historic District Noncontributing to Historic District NRHP Criteria: A B C D Area of Significance: Period of Significance: STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The property was first recorded in August 1984 by James R. McDonald Architects. At that time, the site was described as “a neutral element within a potential historic district,” and did retain its historic integrity “due to the survival of original design and continuity of use, setting, and location.” Subsequent remodeling in 2008 has changed the site’s size and scale, but the addition is not readily visible from the public ROW. Sec. 38.700 of the Bozeman Municipal Code defines an eligible property as one that meets the criteria for inclusion in the NRHP or State Register either 1) individually or 2) as a contributing building to an existing or potential historic district. This site has been evaluated against the NRHP Criteria and has been determined to lack individual significance under Criterion A, B, C, and D. The site is not located within an existing historic district; however, it should be considered eligible/contributing to a potential district composed of similar structures observed in the vicinity. The site retains sufficient integrity to convey its historic association with the Civic Phase of Bozeman’s development, which saw growing variety and refinement of residential architectural styles (RTI 2008). Metcalf recommends further research be conducted regarding Bozeman’s Tracy’s 2nd Addition in order to evaluate district potential. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 9 Integrity Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 INTEGRITY (location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, association) The site is in excellent condition, overall, and retains integrity of location, workmanship, setting, materials, and association. The large 2008 addition to the northern (rear) portion of the property has affected integrity of design and feeling, however it does not detract from the primary façade of the original brick structure which is still easily interpreted as having been, historically, a modestly scaled Queen Anne cottage. Metcalf finds that it retains sufficient integrity to convey its historic character. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 10 Photographs Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 Feature # 1 Facing: N Description: Property 092. View of south façade (Image # 1786, 10/19/2019. SLW). Feature # 1 Facing: NE Description: Oblique view northeast (Image # 1785, 10/19/2019. SLW). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 11 Photographs Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 Feature # 1 Facing: NW Description: Property 092. Oblique northwest (Image # 1787, 10/19/2019. SLW). Feature # 2 Facing: SE Description: Oblique view of barn at rear of property, view southeast (Image # 1797, 10/19/2019. SLW). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 12 Site Map Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 13 Topographic Map Property Name: 321 W MENDENHALL ST Site Number: 092