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Home My WebLink About140 E Main St 2021 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD For the Montana National Register of Historic Places Program and State Antiquities Database Montana State Historic Preservation Office Montana Historical Society PO Box 201202, 1410 8th Ave Helena, MT 59620-1202 Property Address: 140 E Main St Historic Address (if applicable): City/Town: Bozeman Site Number: 209 Historic District Number (if applicable): 24GA0952 County: Gallatin Historic Name: Krueger Block Original Owner(s): Louis Krueger Current Ownership Private Public Current Property Name: Owner(s): Multiple Owner Address: Multiple Phone: Legal Location PM: Montana Township: 2S Range: 6E SE ¼ SE ¼ NW ¼ of Section: 7 Lot(s): Lot 9A Block(s): Block B Addition: Bozeman Original Plat Year of Addition: 1870 USGS Quad Name: Bozeman Year: 1987 Historic Use: Commercial Current Use: Commercial Construction Date: 1891 Estimated Actual Original Location Moved Date Moved: UTM Reference www.nris.mt.gov NAD 27 or NAD 83 (preferred) Zone: 12 N Easting: 497307.91 Northing: 5058383.3 National Register of Historic Places NRHP Listing Date: 1986 Historic District: Main Street Historic District NRHP Eligible: Yes No *Property does not meet the City of Bozeman’s definition of an eligible property (see below). Date of this document: 04/22/2021 Form Prepared by: S. Wells and E. Sakariassen, Metcalf Archaeological Consultants Inc. with C. Alegria and C. Hendry, Extreme History Project Address: PO Box 1526, Bozeman, MT 59771 Daytime Phone: (406) 219-3535 MT SHPO USE ONLY Eligible for NRHP: □ yes □ no Criteria: □ A □ B □ C □ D Date: Evaluator: Comments: Site is non-contributing within the Main Street Historic District (24GA0952). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 2 Architectural Description Property Name: 140 E Main St Site Number: 209 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION Architectural Style: Romanesque If Other, specify: Property Type: Commerce Specific Property Type: Multiple businesses Architect: Logan Leachman (modern renovation) Architectural Firm/City/State: Jonathan L. Foote and Associates (modern renovation) Builder/Contractor: Louis Krueger (original construction) Company/City/State: Unknown Source of Information: McDonald 1985; Evanson 2014 This site consists of one historical architectural feature: a commercial structure built ca. 1891, and located within the boundaries of the Main Street Historic District (24GA0952). The property was previously recorded in 1984 by James R. McDonald Architects and revised in 1985 by Matt Coehn. At the time, McDonald recommended the property was an "intrusive element within a potential historic district...[and that] the historic integrity of this property has not been retained due to change in original design and materials." McDonald described the property as follows: "This two-story commercial structure has a rectangular plan with a recessed front entrance and window bay. The asymmetrical façade has aluminum hopper and aluminum storefront windows on the street level and on the upper level as well. The brick construction is finished in stucco on the upper level and tile on the street level and has a flat built-up roof. The original building featured a turret on the northeast corner which was removed at remodeling." In 1985, Matt Cohen added: "...this large, 2-story brick corner block was completely encased by smooth, synthetic sheathing in 1970, and presently forms one of the major gaps in the historic integrity of the district. The building reduced a large 2-story frame structure occupied by Sackett & Worth's saloon and gambling rooms." Metcalf revisited the site in November 2020 and noted a complete renovation of the building exterior has been completed since the time of previous survey. The building has a flat roof and rectangular plan. The primary façade faces north onto E Main Street. The exterior walls are brick, with the exception of the northeast corner. The first and part of the second story of the northeast corner is clad in rusticated ashlar masonry and topped with a rounded band of masonry coping. A plinth course runs along bottom of east elevation and north façade. All materials are modern, although they are intended to look historic. The facade's first story features two at-grade storefronts. The storefront at the west end is recessed and framed with metal I-beams. In the center of the elevation is a recessed entry set beneath a round brick arch. At the northeast corner is a modern, nine-lite divided window set under a round masonry arch. The second story features six modern one-over-one lite hung windows set under round brick arches. Three brick pilasters are visible on the second story and extend slightly past the roof line. A corbeled brick cornice tops the facade. The first story of the east elevation supports four modern windows. Three are one-over-one lite hung windows set beneath round brick arches. One window at the northeast corner is four divided lites set under a round masonry arch. The second story features seven modern one-over-one lite hung windows connected by a continuous sandstone sill and all set under round brick arches. There is a partial exposure on the top portion of the west elevation that looks like it might be a surviving section (above the neighboring building's roof) of the original brick. It has faded painted advertising. A modern addition was added off the south elevation. It is three stories, and the exterior walls are clad in tinted glass and the rusticated ashlar masonry. The site is in excellent condition and the recent renovation has brought back some of the building’s historic character. However, the building still lacks sufficient historic materials to convey historic character. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 3 History of Property Property Name: 140 E Main St Site Number: 209 HISTORY OF PROPERTY This site is a late 19th century brick commercial block. McDonald provided the following history for the property, which is associated with a prominent local figure: "This building is significant because this structure was built and owned by a person important in Bozeman history, Louis Krueger. Krueger, a native of Germany, emigrated to the United States in 1860 and settled in Bozeman in 1873. Following his trade of building and contracting, he also worked as a brickmason. He owned much of this property in this area of Bozeman. The Krueger family lived in their house until the 1930's. He built many buildings, both public and private, and includes his brother-in-law's house, Emil Ketterer at 35 North Grand, and the Krueger Block in 1891 at 136-140 East Main." The original construction of the Krueger Block included a "turret on its northeast , faux crenelations along the top, and small false towers every 50 or so feet along the cornice" (Evanson 2013). Past occupants of the Krueger Block include The Bozeman National Bank (adding the nickname "Bozeman National Bank Building"), "Waite & Co,"in the 1980s –the oldest insurance company in the county, and one of the oldest in the state, and Western States Insurance who occupied the building until the early 2000's. The architectural firm, Jonathan L. Foote and Associates then purchased the building. Logan Leachman, one of the firm's partners, designed the more recent renovation of the building’s exterior, with the assistance of the architectural firm GSBS. "Renovations began in June 2007 and were completed 18 months later" (Evanson, 2013). Their design is a nod to the original design from its 1891 construction, but with modern materials as the original brick beneath the stucco was in too poor a state to be reused. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 4 Information Sources/Bibliography Property Name: 140 E Main St Site Number: 209 INFORMATION SOURCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY Bozeman Preservation Advocacy Group 2019 "This Place Matters." The Extreme History Project, 7 July. Electronic document, http://www.bozeman-history.net/builders/Early_Builders_Gilmore.pdf, accessed 22 April 2021. Cohen, Matt 1985 108 S Bozeman Ave. Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory Form, Revision. Document on-file with the City of Bozeman. Bozeman, MT. Evanson, Tim 2013 File: 140 E Main - Krueger Building - Bozeman Montana. Wikimedia Commons, 9 July. Electronic document, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:140_E_Main_-_Krueger_Building_-_Bozeman_Montana_-_2013-07-09.jpg, accessed 22 April 2021. James R. McDonald Architects 1984-85 108 S Bozeman Ave. Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory Form. Document on-file with the City of Bozeman. Bozeman, MT. Montana State Library. Montana Cadastral records online, http://svc.mt.gov/msl/mtcadastral, accessed 04/15/2021. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 5 Statement of Significance Property Name: 140 E Main St Site Number: 209 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NRHP Listing Date: NRHP Eligibility: Yes No Individually Contributing to Historic District Noncontributing to Historic District NRHP Criteria: A B C D Area of Significance: Period of Significance: STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The property at 140 E Main Street was previously recorded by James R. McDonald and regarded as an "intrusive element within a potential historic district," due to major alterations to the original exterior. After a second renovation in 2007, Metcalf has determined that this property, while more historic in its appearance, still lacks sufficient integrity to convey historic character. Sect. 38.700 of the Bozeman Municipal Code defines an eligible property as one that meets the criteria for inclusion in the NRHP or State Register either 1) individually or 2) as a contributing building to an existing or potential historic district. This site has been evaluated against the NRHP Criteria. This newly renovated building, while having ties to important historic figures in Bozeman's past from its original construction, currently lacks sufficient integrity to convey its associations under Criterion A, B, C, and D. It is located with the Main Street Historic District (24GA0952), but Metcalf concurs with previous assessments that it is a non-contributing element, and recommends this site not eligible for the NRHP. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 6 Integrity Property Name: 140 E Main St Site Number: 209 INTEGRITY (location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, association) This site is in excellent condition, overall. Modern renovations, while a return to a more accurate depiction of its original construction, have affected integrity of design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 7 Photographs Property Name: 140 E Main St Site Number: 209 Feature # 1 Facing: SE Description: Property 209. Oblique of primary façade. (Image #1764, 11/07/2020. SLW) Feature # 1 Facing: SW Description: Property 209. Oblique view. (Image #1765, 11/07/2020. SLW) MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 8 Photographs Property Name: 140 E Main St Site Number: 209 Feature # 1 Facing: NW Description: Property 209. Oblique view of rear of building, including new construction). (Image #1766, 11/07/2020. SLW) MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 9 Site Map Property Name: 140 E Main St Site Number: 209 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 10 Topographic Map Property Name: 140 E Main St Site Number: 209