Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
City.of.Bozeman.MT_RFP.for.Digital.Orthoimagery_Sanborn.Response
This Response is for use in connection with the City of Bozeman, Montana Request for Proposals. This Response may be disclosed and distributed solely to those individuals who have a need to know and only for purposes of evaluating this Response to the City of Bozeman, Montana Request for Proposals. ©2021, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. “Sanborn” and “Sanborn Map” are Trademarks owned by The Sanborn Library, LLC, and used under license by The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Due: 3:00 p.m. Wednesday, February 3, 2021 PREPARED EXCLUSIVELY FOR: City of Bozeman, Montana Request for Proposals (RFP) Digital Orthoimagery DIGITAL SUBMISSION City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Table of Contents Section 1 – Executive Summary ............................................................................. 1 Section 2 – Firm/Individual Profile ......................................................................... 4 Section 3 – Description of Proposed Solution ...................................................... 7 Project Understanding and Background ............................................................... 7 Pilot Project ........................................................................................................ 10 Proposed Sensor Technology ............................................................................ 10 Digital Aerial Imagery Acquisition ....................................................................... 13 Data Acquisition Planning ................................................................................... 14 Mission Execution ............................................................................................... 19 Geo-referencing .................................................................................................. 24 Airborne GPS / Inertial Measurement ................................................................. 24 Ground Control Surveys ..................................................................................... 28 Digital Aerotriangulation (DAT) ........................................................................... 32 Elevation Modeling ............................................................................................. 36 Ortho Imagery Processing .................................................................................. 39 Sanborn Image QC™ Online Client QC Tool ...................................................... 44 Planimetric Mapping ........................................................................................... 45 Certification of Compliance with Accuracy Standard .......................................... 48 Section 3 – Description of Proposed Solution .................................................... 49 Project Management .......................................................................................... 49 Quality Control .................................................................................................... 55 Section 4 – Scope of Project ................................................................................. 57 Summary of Deliverables ................................................................................... 57 Section 5 – Related Experience with Projects Similar to the Scope of Services58 Section 6 – Statement of Qualifications ............................................................... 60 Section 7 – References .......................................................................................... 61 Section 8 – Present and Projected Workloads .................................................... 67 Section 9 – Key Personnel .................................................................................... 70 Key Personnel .................................................................................................... 70 Resumes ............................................................................................................ 72 Section 10 – Additional Information ..................................................................... 95 Section 11 – Affirmation of Nondiscrimination & Equal Pay ............................. 96 Section 12 – Cost ................................................................................................... 98 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 1 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 1 – Executive Summary The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. (Sanborn), is pleased to present this proposal to the City of Bozeman, Montana (City) in response to the Request for Proposals (RFP) for Digital Orthoimagery. Sanborn is a geospatial services company that specializes in providing a broad range of geographic information products, services, and solutions to government agencies and commercial organizations throughout the United States and abroad. Sanborn is one of the largest dedicated mapping companies in the nation, with the personnel, equipment, knowledge, experience, and financial strength to ensure timely and successful completion of this project. Sanborn understands that the City wishes to procure 3-inch, 4-band (RGB and NIR) digital orthorectified imagery meeting 1”=50’ map scale (i.e., 1”=300’ photo scale), and building outline data produced using photogrammetric means. Project extents include a 78.7 square mile planning boundary for the orthorectified imagery, as well as impervious surface data for the entire 20 square mile city limit boundary. This data will be provided with FGDC-compliant metadata, and will be used to support ongoing regulatory, land management, planning and engineering projects for the City. Further, this data will be stored in the City’s ArcSDE database, providing geospatial data information to both internal and external customers through various client applications and downloadable data files. The Sanborn Solution The Sanborn team will utilize existing ground control on this project to the fullest extent possible, and augment it with new, photo-identifiable ground control points where needed. Sanborn’s approach is to utilize a combination of targeted NGS published control stations, semi-permanent, field-identified control points, and AGPS/IMU-controlled aerial photography to accurately control the Fully Analytical Aerial Triangulation (FAAT) solution. Airborne GPS/Inertial Measurement Unit (AGPS/IMU) data will provide accurate support for image positioning and orientation, minimizing the required number of ground control points while still enabling the creation of orthoimagery and other mapping products that conform to the accuracy standards set by the City for the project. Collection of AGPS/IMU-controlled vertical color imagery for this project will be performed by Sanborn with the advanced UltraCam Eagle digital aerial camera system. All of the City’s data will be maintained on Sanborn’s robust, state-of-the-art IT infrastructure, capable of processing, storing, and communicating large volumes of data reliably and securely. Sanborn will use a suite of commercial and proprietary software tools for aerial triangulation, lidar processing, contour creation, and planimetric mapping. Sanborn will perform orthorectification of the imagery using its proprietary ortho rectification workflow based upon the Vexcel UltraMap software suite. Our software and workflow will ensure geometrically accurate and radiometrically pleasing imagery, and will facilitate elimination of defects such as image smearing, bridge distortions, radial distortion, seamline and mosaicking errors, and unsightly image artifacts. Interim deliverables and pilot/sample data will be provided to the City, City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 2 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. and the City member’s project managers will be involved in key decisions regarding subjective aspects of image radiometry. Sanborn has extensive experience with photo-interpretation and extraction of impervious data from aerial imagery for use GIS system for future analysis. Sanborn will manually compile all structures. Our final products will meet or exceed accuracy mapping as defined by ASPRS standards for 3-inch resolution. Quality Management Rigorous quality control, based upon Sanborn’s ISO 9001:2015-based Quality Management Program is integrated into our workflow, ensuring that any errors are caught and eliminated during the production process, rather than relying on large audits late in the project that result in costly rework and impact to the project schedule. Sanborn management will exercise tight control over the project, and coordinate our efforts with those of the Consortium’s management and staff to ensure that this project is completed on time, to specification, and within budget. Sanborn’s project management approach encompasses best practices of the Project Management Institute, which are applied to meet or exceed the requirements of ISO 9001:2015. Sanborn uses automated software tools to assist with project planning, monitoring, tracking and reporting. Sanborn’s Quality Management System has been developed to ensure that adequate and continuous control is in operation for all activities affecting product quality. Where specific regulatory requirements affect our processes, our procedures and instructions will be designed or revised to meet such requirements. Sanborn employs methods and techniques that foster continuous improvement and good business practice. Sanborn places an emphasis on problem prevention rather than dependence on detection after occurrence. Every effort is made to perform operations and quality-related activities correctly the first time. The Quality Management System includes a formal review of the parameters affecting product quality from conception to contractual fulfillment. Whenever necessary, corrective and preventive actions are implemented to ensure continuous improvement. Relevant Experience Sanborn has a demonstrable track record of success orthoimagery and photogrammetric mapping projects throughout the United States. The company has extensive experience in the western region of the United States, including previous projects for the City of Bozeman, Lewis and Clark County, the State of Wyoming, and cities and counties throughout the State of Colorado. Sanborn has recently completed large orthoimagery creation, and photogrammetric mapping projects for the states of New York, Virginia, Michigan, Louisiana, North Carolina, Wyoming, and Kansas. Additionally, Sanborn has performed airborne imagery acquisition and creation of digital orthophotography of the states of Virginia, West Virginia, South Dakota, Arizona, New Mexico, North Carolina, Colorado, South Carolina, Georgia, New Hampshire, Vermont, and Tennessee under contract to the U.S. Department of Agriculture for their NAIP and NAPP programs. Sanborn’s recent project involvement has included statewide imagery programs that required collection of imagery for areas exceeding 40,000 square miles, and delivering tens of thousands of orthoimagery tiles within the space of 6-8 months. The company’s first-time acceptance rate for orthoimagery submittals has exceeded 98 percent. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 3 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Key Personnel Sanborn’s experience with and ability to manage large, complex orthoimagery and photogrammetric mapping projects is due in no small part to significant investments in human and equipment resources. The Sanborn team of nearly 130 geospatial technology and management professionals possesses an enviable resume of project experience, significant educational credentials, and registration from government agencies and leading industry associations. Sanborn offers the City an exceptionally qualified project team with many years of experience in digital orthoimagery and photogrammetic mapping. Ms. Yvonne Harding, GISP, SC GIS Surveyor, will be the single point of contact for the project and will serve as your primary liaison with Sanborn operations staff and management. In general, Ms. Harding will be responsible for project definition, production oversight, scheduling, quality management, and financial and contractual management. Ms. Harding has more than 20 years of experience at various mapping companies in the geospatial industry with a focus on photogrammetric production. She has supervised and managed more than 200 mapping projects during her 10 years in project management Review of Terms and Conditions Sanborn understands that many of the basic terms and conditions in the RFP are based upon statutory or regulatory requirements and are not subject to negotiation. Sanborn notes that certain terms and conditions may or may not be applicable to this procurement, or may require adjustment based on the specifics of this procurement; and, reserves the right to discuss and negotiate these terms and conditions during the contract negotiation. Sanborn is confident that a mutually acceptable Contract will be negotiated upon selection that is based upon and reflects the final project specifications, deliverables, schedule, and fees. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 4 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 2 – Firm/Individual Profile Sanborn is a full-service geospatial company that has been in continuous operation since 1866. Sanborn offers comprehensive geographic information solutions to city, county, regional, state, and federal government agencies, private companies, and international clients. Our services include: GNSS ground surveys Aerial imagery acquisition, including airborne GNSS/IMU controlled imagery, using advanced digital aerial imagery sensors Digital orthophoto imagery creation Digital oblique imagery creation and oblique imagery viewing platform Airborne, terrestrial and mobile lidar data acquisition and production for digital elevation/terrain and feature modeling Planimetric and topographic mapping Remote sensing analysis, including change detection, land cover/land use mapping, impervious/pervious surface mapping, and fire risk assessments Data collection, and utility and asset inventory creation 3D infrastructure modeling and simulation Parcel, facility and data conversion mapping GIS and CAD database creation GeoIT support including data analysis, data hosting, website creation, and custom application development Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) Indoor mapping Sanborn is headquartered in Colorado Springs, Colorado. With four technology centers across the United States, Sanborn offers local presence, extensive resources, and quick response times. Our team of over 130 mapping and GIS professionals has decades of experience in all facets of the industry, proven project management skills, and expertise in many database systems and GIS platforms. As an ISO 9001:2015-certified company, Sanborn is dedicated to excellence and to fulfilling our clients’ needs in an efficient, accurate, and timely fashion. The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Address 1935 Jamboree Dr., Suite 100 Colorado Springs, CO 80920 Telephone/Fax (719) 593-0093 / (719) 528-5093 Internet Address www.sanborn.com Year Established 1866 Office to Provide Services Colorado Springs, Colorado (Corporate Office) Other Offices Pelham, NY Charlotte, NC Merritt Island, FL City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 5 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Type of Ownership The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. is a privately owned company incorporated in the State of Delaware, U.S.A. Registration Sanborn is licensed to do business in the State of Montana, under ID number F057504 History Sanborn is a successful, well-established mapping company in the United States. In 1866, our focus was the creation and maintenance of fire insurance maps used primarily for fire insurance underwriting. Sanborn has never lost focus of our original function as a map-maker, and today Sanborn utilizes the latest equipment and technology, while continually developing improved processes, to produce and deliver quality geospatial solutions for our contemporary clients. In 1960, Sanborn expanded into new markets with a variety of new thematic map styles such as market radius, noise abatement, and land use maps. Sanborn also continued to develop services using computers for tax parcel mapping and land/building usage databases. Sanborn began offering aerial photography and mapping services in 1966 as the result of a merger with an aerial mapping firm. In 1984, Sanborn became one of the first companies to use digital terrain modeling and contour interpolation techniques to produce topographic data. In 1988, Sanborn was the first company to develop and implement a commercially viable system for the production of digital orthophoto imagery. Sanborn continued to expand its services by purchasing its first lidar system in 1998; and, invested in its first terrestrial lidar scanning instrument in 2003, to complement the aerial lidar business line In 2004, Sanborn acquired its first digital aerial cameras, and has since continued to invest in the most useful and effective equipment Sanborn acquired its first digital oblique aerial imagery sensor in 2011, and now owns 5 Track’Air MIDAS systems. In 2013, Sanborn acquired three new Vexcel UltraCam Eagle cameras, and implemented them into the aerial photo production business line. Sanborn Chronological Experience of Service Offerings Service Offered Since Ground Surveys 1866 Aerial Photography 1966 Photogrammetric Mapping 1966 Digital Photogrammetric Mapping 1979 Digital Terrain Modeling 1984 Digital Orthophotography 1988 Lidar 1998 Digital Vertical Aerial Imagery 2004 Digital Oblique Aerial Imagery 2011 UAS Operations 2013 HD Mapping 2014 24 Hour Emergency Response 2016 Large Area UAS Processing 2017 Proprietary Oblique Camera 2018 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 6 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. In 2014, Sanborn acquired the latest aerial lidar sensor technology with the procurement of a Leica ALS70-HP lidar system, and a second system was purchased in 2015. Sanborn acquired a Leica RCD30 medium format mapping camera in 2015 to enable simultaneous lidar data and 4-band imagery collection. In 2017, Sanborn began delivering HD Maps to customers for testing. Sanborn also developed large area processing for UAS operators in 2017. In 2018, Sanborn developed a 500mp oblique camera system capable of 1-inch resolution imagery collection from an aircraft. In 2019, Sanborn acquired a Leica TerrainMapper combination Lidar/Imagery sensor to allow simultaneous lidar data and 4-band imagery collection, replacing one of our Leica ALS70-HP’s and expanding our capabilities. In 2020, Sanborn acquired a second Leica TerrainMapper combination Lidar/Imagery sensor, replacing our remaining ALS70-HP. Since acquisition of our first lidar and digital imagery systems, Sanborn has collected data for and mapped hundreds of thousands of square miles of terrain, and is one of the most advanced lidar and digital imaging firms today. Sanborn owns and operates two (2) aerial lidar instruments, two (2) terrestrial lidar instruments, and 13 digital sensors for imaging; and, operates a fleet of 11 aircraft consisting of three (3) turbine aircraft, five (5) twin engine piston aircraft, and three (3) single engine aircraft, plus three (3) unmanned aerial systems (UAS). Sanborn continues to set industry standards in excellence. The Sanborn name is synonymous with high quality mapping and GIS services. Our team of mapping and GIS professionals has decades of experience in all facets of the industry, proven project management skills, and expertise with many data collection and processing technologies, database systems and GIS platforms. In all aspects, Sanborn provides innovative solutions and quality service to our customers. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 7 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 3 – Description of Proposed Solution This section provides a detailed description of the equipment, methods, and procedures Sanborn will use to collect new digital aerial imagery, and produce the required derivative data products and supporting materials in full conformance with the standards and specifications outlined in the RFP. This includes project management, and the steps taken to provide quality assurance and control throughout the entire process. Project Understanding and Background Sanborn understands that the City of Bozeman (City) has made a significant investment in GIS, and supports a variety of applications to enhance the level of service provided by various City departments. Many geospatial data layers are also deployed to the public via online mapping applications and data viewers. The foundation of all of these applications is accurate, up-to-date base map data, including digital orthophotography, terrain surface, and planimetric base layers. Scope of Work Sanborn understands that the City wishes to procure: New 4-band aerial imagery; Establishment or recovery of ground control as needed to support the project; Aerial triangulation services as needed to position, orient, and tie the newly-acquired aerial imagery, and verify the integrity of the control solution; An updated digital elevation model (DEM) that will support accurate orthorectification New 3-inch spatial resolution, 4-band, 8-bit-per-channel, RGB/NIR digital orthophotography; Updated planimetric data layers consisting of building footprints Mosaics Supplemental documentation, reports, and deliverables created as a part of the production process for all data layers, as outlined in the RFP, including metadata. Mapping limit AOI’s are understood to be as outlined Attachment A of the RFP. The data layers are to be geo-referenced and projected in UTM Zone 12 NAD83 (2011) meters, NAVD88 meters and Montana State Plane NAD83 (2011) meters, NAVD88 meters. It is understood that all deliverable data products are required to meet 3-inch resolution accuracy (previously referred to 1”=50’). Accuracy will meet 2-pixel (6-inch) RMSE as defined by ASPRS. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 8 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. In order to assist with the project, the City has agreed to provide: Esri format files containing its existing digital elevation model (DEM) and planimetric data layers; Esri format files containing ground control positions from its most recent update project; Esri format files containing parcel polygons highlighted through a query of the City’s building, demolition, and grading permit databases to identify areas where changes to planimetric or terrain data may have taken place; Esri format files containing City’s project boundaries and tile schemes; and Any other available pertinent GIS data as needed. These data will be integrated into the production process and also used to assist with quality control. Sanborn will perform or provide for all of the necessary tasks, including but not limited to primary data acquisition (land surveying and aerial imagery), aerial triangulation, digital elevation modeling, orthorectification, planimetric data extraction, quality assurance and control, project management and administration, and generation of full documentation and metadata for the project. All deliverable data products will be in full compliance with the standards and specifications set forth in the RFP. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 9 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 10 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Pilot Project Sanborn understands the importance of completing and receiving approval for a pilot project prior to proceeding with full production. We feel this is especially critical in orthoimagery programs, which by their nature call upon us to address aesthetic elements, as well as the quantifiable technical requirements of our customers. Therefore, we will work closely with the City during the project initiation phase to obtain feedback on what your ideal is for the appearance of the imagery in terms of color characteristics, and submit pilot data samples for final approval before completing the remainder of the project in order to ensure that all standards and specifications set for the project will be met. Delivery of the pilot project will take place following completion of aerial data acquisition and digital aerotriangulation. Changes requested by the City subsequent to pilot project, delivery and final approval will be addressed on a case-by-case basis. Once full production has been started, a significant change requested by the City will impact the project scope and schedule, and could be subject to a formal change order. Problems or errors apparent in the final deliverable will be corrected by Sanborn if they do not conform to previously approved submissions. Proposed Sensor Technology Sanborn has fully implemented digital aerial camera technology and adapted our workflows to maximize the benefits of these systems. Sanborn was one of the first companies in the United States to purchase and operate large-format, metric digital aerial cameras, and over the intervening years, has developed extensive expertise in the implementation and use of digital camera technology. We have worked closely with manufacturers to ensure that our workflow, from acquisition through image processing, supports our subsequent production processes, and Sanborn has been integral in the manufacturer’s development of improvements to their technology. Sanborn has been working with Vexcel Systems since 2004, following our initial acquisition of their UltraCam D camera system. In total, Sanborn has used digital aerial cameras for over 3,000,000 square miles of imagery collection and processing for clients across the United States. A description of the sensor system, as well as quality assurance measures taken to ensure its readiness for use on a project is outlined below. The Vexcel UltraCam Eagle Digital Aerial Imagery Sensor Sanborn procured the third-generation Vexcel UltraCam Eagle digital aerial imagery sensor, which it proposes for this project, in February, 2013. The features and benefits of this system include: State-of-the-art CCD technology, 14-bit dynamic range, and a lower signal to noise ratio, resulting in nearly twice the brightness values of the sensors previously used for imagery collection by Sanborn, and providing exceptionally sharp, high-quality imagery even in less-than-ideal weather/atmospheric conditions, and better interpretability in areas where shadows are unavoidably present. A 5.2 μm pixel size at the sensor, compared to 12 μm for the Intergraph DMC sensor it has replaced. This allows Sanborn to collect imagery at much higher altitudes than was City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 11 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. previously possible, while still meeting the accuracy and resolution requirements set for a project. The higher imagery collection altitudes made possible by the UltraCam Eagle minimize air traffic control/airspace incursion issues, and result in a much larger exposure footprint (approximately 2.5 times that of the DMC) on the ground. This translates to a smaller number of exposures needed to cover a project area, faster collection times, less ground control, and lower cost to the client. Utilizes the best optics module currently available on the market. Additionally, the 100mm lens system provides a broader “central perspective”, resulting in less radial displacement (e.g. “building lean”) in the image data. Based upon proven, stable, frame sensor technology that results in maximum operational reliability and the most precise image geometry. In contrast to “push-broom” or line sensors that are completely reliant on the AGPS/IMU technology to generate usable data, normal photogrammetric solutions can be applied to the UltraCam Eagle’s imagery, enabling normal use of that imagery in the event of problems with the AGPS/IMU sub-systems. While Sanborn operates the best GPS/IMU systems available and failure is unlikely, this mitigates operational risk to Sanborn and the City. Forward Motion Compensation (FMC) implemented through TDI (Time Delayed Integration) technology. Solid state, in-flight exchangeable data storage modules result in higher reliability and longer mission times. Suitable for a wide range of applications, from large-scale engineering mapping to low-resolution remote sensing projects. Outputs image data in industry-standard file formats can be ingested into and processed with any standard softcopy photogrammetric system on the market Can be operated within a wide range of flying heights, and is operationally suitable for operation in both pressurized and unpressurized aircraft. Utilizes a modular hardware design, which enables easy replacement or upgrade of components. This includes field replacement of the lens system, enabling utilization of different focal length lenses. Extremely rugged camera frame and peripheral hardware design, leading to maximum operational reliability. Constructed of high-grade industry components for safe and reliable aircraft installation (high grade connectors, environment tests against DO160, a minimum of cable connections, crash load tests against DO160) and operation. The gyro-stabilized camera mounts in Sanborn’s aircraft were upgraded to the latest Track’Air systems at the same time as the UltraCam Eagle sensors were acquired, and represent the most advanced technology currently available on the market, ensuring a stable camera platform and high-quality imagery even in the event of unexpected, turbulent flight conditions. Technical Specifications for Sensor Technical specifications for the UltraCam Eagle are as follows: City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 12 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Vexcel UltraCam Eagle Specifications High-resolution 20K x 13K Panchromatic camera: Final output image is 20,010 x 13,080 pixels Field of view: 54.7° cross track x 37.4° along track Panchromatic camera lens system: f = 100.5mm with 1/5.6 lens aperture. Shutter speed options 1/500 to 1/32 sec Multispectral 6.7K x 4.4K cameras (x4): red, green, blue, and near infrared each 6,670 x 4,360 pixels Pan Sharpening Ratio 3:1 Multispectral camera lens system: f = 100.5 mm with 1/4 lens aperture. Shutter speed options 1/500 to 1/32 sec Physical pixel size pan: 5.2 μm Physical pixel size multi-spectral: 15.6 μm Input data quantity per image: 842 megabytes, 260 megapixels Maximum frame rate: >1.8 seconds per frame CCD signal to noise ratio: 72 dB Radiometric resolution in each channel 12 bits; workflow dynamic:16 bits In-flight data storage system: Solid state disc pack, Capacity ~3.3 TB, ~ 3,800 images per swappable unit Time needed to swap disc pack inflight: Less than 2 minutes Data recording time @ 10 cm GSD, 60% forward overlap, 140 kts: 8 hours per disc pack Radiometric and Geometric Calibration In order to facilitate collection of imagery with the best possible radiometric and geometric properties, Sanborn ensures the completion and currency of two independent camera calibration/verification processes. The first laboratory calibration is performed by the manufacturer. The second is Sanborn’s internal camera calibration/verification procedure. Sanborn will provide current manufacturer calibration certificates for all sensors used on the project, as well as a report based upon Sanborn’s own methods and procedures to verify the accuracy of any sensors used on the project. For example, each time a camera is installed in an aircraft, a complete geometric calibration is performed in order to ensure the accuracy of the platform. This process is referred to as a “boresight.” Manufacturer Calibration Prior to delivering a digital sensor to Sanborn, the manufacturer performs the following calibration procedures. Geometric calibration: The geometric calibration is based upon a set of 84 images of a defined geometry target with 240 control points. The number of point measurements is over 60,000. This calibration procedure guarantees that the remaining lens distortions are less than 0.002 mm. Verification of lens quality and sensor adjustment: The targets used for the geometric calibration also hold resolution targets, which are used to derive the modulation transfer function (MTF) across the field of view of camera. The MTF is derived for the meridonial (tangential) and sagital (radial) component of signals at frequencies of 10, 20, and 40 line pairs per millimeter for various aperture settings. The MTF is guaranteed to be less than -7dB in the field of view that typically is used for mapping applications, even for the 40 line pairs per millimeter resolution. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 13 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Radiometric calibration: The radiometric calibration is based on a series of 60 flat field images for each aperture size and sensor. The flat field is illuminated by two normal light lamps with known spectral illumination curves. These images are used to calculate the specific sensitivity of each pixel to compensate local as well as global variations in sensitivity. Sensitivity tables are calculated for each sensor and aperture setting, and applied during post processing from level 0 to level 1. The resulting image has virtually no vignetting caused by the camera system. Calibration of defective pixel elements: Outlier pixels that do not have a linear behavior as described in the CCD specifications are marked as defective during the calibration procedure. These pixels are not used or only partially used during post processing and the information is restored by interpolation between the neighborhood pixels surrounding the defective pixels. Sanborn’s Camera Accuracy Testing Sanborn’s image quality criteria require consistent and homogeneous imagery devoid of response gradients and vignetting within an exposure, and unnatural tonal variations across exposures. To ensure that these criteria are met, Sanborn employs a four-step radiometric calibration and processing method. These steps are: Pre-Flight Calibration: Camera response is calibrated the day of acquisition for the ground reflectance and expected illumination conditions. The calibration process ensures maximum use of the available 14-bit dynamic range and correct color balance. An advantage of the Eagle camera is the ability to respond to changing flight conditions. Camera settings can be changed by the operator within a flight line if required to ensure quality imagery collection. Atmospheric Correction: Atmospheric correction removes any haze or atmospheric transmission loss using a Modtran4 derived correction function. Sensor Corrections: Pre-processing to remove any vignette effects producing a homogeneous exposed image. Color Balancing: Final processing includes local and global color balancing to ensure all image exposures appear to be taken at the same time with no tonal variation across seams. Digital Aerial Imagery Acquisition Sanborn recognizes that one of the most critical phases of this project is acquisition of the aerial imagery. Timely collection of consistent, high quality aerial imagery and related data is the foundation for generating high quality digital orthophotography and other derivative data products. Our aerial team provides the following benefits to the City: Extensive, wholly-owned data acquisition resources to ensure collection within optimal windows of opportunity; A fleet of eleven aircraft, including high performance multi-engine and turbine-powered aircraft and one craft that is equipped with dual ports, and is capable of performing acquisition with multiple sensors; City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 14 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Five (5) large-format digital aerial camera sensors, including three new-generation Vexcel UltraCam Eagles to provide a variety of collection options, including simultaneous RBG and NIR capture; AGPS/IMU units to collect photo center position and direct exterior orientation data for imagery; and, Aircrews and photographers with extensive experience in the State of Montana and surrounding rocky mountain region, including projects for the City. Acquisition Equipment and Resources A summary of acquisition assets available to the City through our airborne data acquisition team is shown in the table below. Sanborn has sufficient aircraft and sensors to complete airborne data acquisition in Spring, 2021, with a very high level of redundancy. Any of the aircraft in the table could be tasked for the City’s project, as needed to complete acquisition in a timely manner. The listed aircraft are equipped with gyro-stabilized mounts, computerized flight management systems, and ABGPS/IMU systems for precise photo-center positioning and orientation. Sanborn Airborne Data Collection Assets Aircraft Type Cessna TU206F (1) Cessna TU206G (2) AeroCommander 680W (1) AeroCommander 690A (1) AeroCommander 690C (1) Piper Navajo PA-31 (5) Data Acquisition Planning Sanborn has designed the project so that all imagery is acquired during the hours of approximately 10:00am to 2:00pm, when the sun angle is at a minimum of 40 degrees, which helps to minimize shadows. Sanborn will carefully plan all missions to ensure that resulting data will be compliant with the requirements set for the project, and review our proposed flight and ground control plans with the City prior to mobilizing any field or airborne resources. Proposed plans will be provided to the City at least one (1) week prior to mobilization. The following table presents our proposed acquisition specifications for the project. Imagery Acquisition Specifications GSD 3-inch Proposed Sensor UltraCam Eagle Focal Length 100mm Flying Height Proposed 4,732’ AGL Aircraft Speed 175 kts Sidelap 30% Endlap minimum 60% Sensor Platform Multi-Engine Fixed-Wing Aircraft Radiometry 4-band, 14-bit per channel RGB/NIR Acquisition Date ~1-April to 30-April, 2021 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 15 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Imagery Acquisition Specifications Acquisition Time ~10am – 2pm Sun Angle 40 degrees or greater – attempts will be made to minimize shadow over downtown area as possible Conditions Snow free, leaf off, water within normal banks/no flooding. No clouds, cloud shadows, haze, smoke, precipitation, or other ground obscuring conditions. Visibility Minimum visibility at time of exposure will be 10 miles or greater Tilt No more than 4° per frame; no more than 2° average per any consecutive 10 frames; no more than 6° between consecutive frames Crab No more than 5° between two consecutive exposures Flight and Control Planning Flight planning and execution will adhere to ASPRS Draft Aerial Photography Standards. All flight and control plans will be reviewed by one of Sanborn’s ASPRS Certified Photogrammetrists prior to their release. A summary of procedures and considerations in flight mission planning is as follows: Sanborn will prepare a digital flight line layout for the project area(s) using Track’Air software, taking into account the configuration of the UltraCam Eagle aerial camera, which we propose to use for this project, and the accuracy and resolution required for the imagery and other data products under the City’s solicitation. These parameters determine the flight altitude, the footprint of each exposure on the ground, and correspondingly, the quantity of flight lines and exposures, and ground control requirements. Flight lines typically extend continuously across the project area; however, lines may be optimized in order to account for terrain, areas with tall structures, water bodies, airspace restrictions, and issues related to sun angle, lighting, and shadows. The Vexcel UltraCam Eagle will collect all imagery with 14-bits per channel in all 4 bands – Red, Green, Blue, and Near-Infrared. Our software enables us to orthorectify all four bands simultaneously, so there is no upcharge over collection and processing of 3-band imagery to deliver a 4-band orthorectified imagery product, providing added value to the City, if the 4- band imagery is desired. The principal points of the first two and last two exposures of each flight strip will fall outside the boundaries of the area to be covered by the flight. In order to ensure sufficient coverage, Sanborn will plan imagery collection so at least 25% of each outermost line of images extends beyond the boundary of each area of interest. Forward lap and side lap will be as shown in the table above, and will be adjusted as needed to ensure collection of quality imagery in areas with unique terrain or built infrastructure considerations. Sanborn’s flight plan will contain the following information: Projected flight lines Flight line numbers Intended coverage Approximate number of exposures Flight altitude City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 16 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Sanborn will overlay the flight line layout over Google Earth imagery, and determine optimum locations for the placement of ground control points, ground checkpoints, and GPS base stations, where these items are needed. Following the City’s approval, the control locations will be passed along to the project surveyor who will target, survey, and provide any other needed resources or information in support of the airborne acquisition mission. The final flight line map/photo index with photo centers will be delivered in Adobe .pdf file format, and in Esri Geodatabase format. Flight Diagrams Sanborn has prepared a preliminary flight map for the City’s proposed project, presented on the following page. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 17 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 18 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Flying Conditions/Requirements Our aerial team will monitor weather conditions and determine when to mobilize for the aerial missions. The optimal conditions occur: When the ground is clear of snow When the deciduous trees are barren When the air is free of smoke, atmospheric haze, fog, and dust When the air is free of clouds When the sun angle is 40 degrees or more above the horizon When streams are within their natural banks All photography in AOI will be accomplished between 10am to 2pm to minimize shadows. Imagery will be rejected if clouds which impact the orthoimagery product are noted, or if the sun angle is less than 40 degrees, or if there are any other conditions which do not produce consistent, high-quality photography that clearly defines ground features. Photography is accomplished by flight crews who will be temporarily based in City’s AREA in close proximity to the collection areas. We will attempt to acquire imagery in the shortest possible timeframe to minimize radiometric differences in the final image database. Sanborn relies on a variety of sources to determine the suitability of conditions for acquisition. Our first and primary source is the flight crews and surveyors in the areas of interest. Flight crews are trained to observe and report the conditions as they see them on the ground and in flight. We will also coordinate with and defer to the City if there is any question regarding suitability of conditions. Finally, there are a variety of ways to observe conditions remotely, including NOAA and NWS weather reporting stations, daily weather satellite reports, weather video cams, and a variety of public sources that can be accessed for detailed observations. Mobilization Planning Sanborn will perform mobilization planning to ensure that airborne data acquisition can progress in accordance with the project schedule. This will include: Monitoring conditions to determine when the ground is clear of snow, leaf conditions of deciduous trees, and the conditions of lakes, streams and rivers. Monitoring sun angle in order to determine the time ranges in which flights can be conducted. Monitoring weather conditions. Locating airports at which to stage aircraft and aircrews, and arranging for their accommodations. Making arrangements to access restricted airspace, if needed. Sanborn will coordinate all flight plans with air traffic control (ATC) well in advance of mobilization. Ensuring that all needed ground control and base stations are in place prior to the flights. Monitoring GNSS satellite configuration City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 19 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Mission Execution Sanborn’s aircrews will be mobilized to an airport near the project. The aerial team will monitor flight conditions and determine, in coordination with Sanborn’s project manager and the City, when to initiate imagery collection flights. Imagery will be captured for the entire project area at the required level of resolution. Mission profiles will be programmed into the Track’Air Flight Management System, which is integrated with the sensor systems on board each aircraft. This computerized system assists the aircrews with mission navigation and sensor operation, ensuring that imagery is collected in accordance with the flight plan. Aircrews are also able to mark flight lines or exposures where turbulence, clouds, or other factors that bear on the quality of the imagery may be an issue, so it can be accessed rapidly following the flight, and assessed for recollection, if necessary. Operational Considerations Sanborn’s experienced aircrews are highly familiar with the airspace system in the region, and know how to navigate safely and efficiently within its boundaries. All flights will be coordinated with the appropriate civilian and military air traffic control authorities. Our aerial team has the relationships needed to gain access to sensitive and restricted airspace. Sanborn’s aircraft are equipped with all of the communication and navigation avionics required to operate safely in the federal airspace system. All of our aircrews are appropriately licensed and qualified, and our aircraft are operated and maintained in accordance with applicable Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations at all times. While Sanborn does not anticipate any difficulty with regards to airspace access, our aerial team is prepared to make any necessary operational adjustments should airspace changes or temporary restrictions make them necessary. Possible steps to mitigate airspace issues include use of a sensor with a longer or shorter focal length lens, in order to enable operation above or below restricted airspace ceilings, or rescheduling or reconfiguration of flights. Sanborn will provide immediate notification if any of these steps become necessary. Post-Acquisition Flight logs will be prepared following each mission. The pilot or system operator will prepare a flight log for each flight day containing the date, project name, aircraft used, and names of crew members. In addition, the following information is recorded for each flight line: altitude, sensor number and any other comments relative to the flight conditions. These flight logs will be submitted digitally. All AGPS, IMU, and image data will be downloaded the day of collection. Preliminary processing of the ABGPS data is performed to ensure the data is complete and produces accurate photo center coordinates. Status Reporting Sanborn requires flight crews to submit a daily status report by fax or email immediately after that day’s operations to the Sanborn acquisition manager. The report states what occurred during the day. If the crew didn’t fly, they report why. If they did fly, they report what was flown, the weather and ground conditions, and the expected image quality. In both cases, they also provide a prediction for the next day’s operations. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 20 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. After receiving the reports from the field, the Sanborn production office in Colorado Springs, CO, will compile the results into one daily status report to send to Sanborn’s project manager. This report will be reviewed and sent to the City on a daily basis. In the past, this simple reporting system has proven highly effective. It is simple enough to not burden the flight crews, flexible enough to handle field contingencies, and effective enough to communicate the essential details to the City. Sanborn Flight Analyst™ Flight Status Tool Sanborn has recently developed an online status tool which would be used to report flight status during the acquisition process. The online status tool will update each morning, and will complement the reporting information provided daily by the Sanborn project manager. The status tool will display the updated version of the flight plan shapefile(s) indicating which frames have been captured, reviewed, and/or accepted. The City can identify the specific stakeholders that they would like to have access to the online status tool. With a unique login, stakeholders have the ability to access the acquisition status at their own convenience. This tool facilitates the sharing of the project information between Sanborn and the City’s stakeholders. This technology will benefit this project and the City’s project manager by: Providing easy distribution of acquisition status updates, alleviating reliance on email or phone calls Providing information in a format accessible from any internet connected device Providing access to multiple City-approved stakeholders simultaneously, which will relieve the City’s project manager from answering calls from stakeholders regarding status. Sanborn Flight Analyst™ Flight Status Tool City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 21 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Image Processing and Radiometry The Sanborn Image Processing Team is responsible for receiving and processing the raw imagery data after it is acquired by the Acquisition Team in the field. The imagery and peripheral data sets will be downloaded from the on-board data storage system, backed up, and shipped via overnight courier to Sanborn’s production facility in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Upon receipt of the newly-collected imagery by the production office, the digital image processing phase is initiated. The following characteristics exist in all camera systems. While each system type has slight variations, all digital frame sensors are fundamentally similar in the way imagery is recorded and processed into useable data. Each system uses an array of Charged Coupled Devices (CCD) to record panchromatic, RGB, NIR values. Once the images are acquired by each sensor, the imagery and mission parameters are stored in a raw binary format on the flight hardware. Each sensor uses a series of portable hard drives which can be linked to the aircraft-based servers; upon landing, the imagery is downloaded to the portable drives. Once the imagery has been transferred via the portable hard drives to a production facility, post-processing begins. The array of CCD’s requires post processing of each individual frame in order to mosaic together a single large format image. Each sensor type has a slightly different CCD layout, but the final frame image is a 4-band, 12-bit image. The Image Processing Team works in tandem with the Geo-positioning Team to ensure that all collected data meets the predefined customer specifications. Once it has been determined that all data meets customer specifications, the Image Processing Team is responsible for imagery enhancement and color balancing the data. The Image Processing Team follows a well-defined work flow process that emphasizes quality control, as illustrated in the following workflow. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 22 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Image Processing Work Flow Diagram City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 23 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Upon receiving the “raw” image data from Sanborn’s flight operations, it is downloaded to the server to initialize processing in the Vexcel UltraMap software. Using UltraMap Raw Data Center, the “raw” image data is processed to a DragonFly Project file (.dfp) of the imagery which allows image processing technicians to view and manipulate each imagery mission. The .dfp file is then loaded in the UltraMap AT software in order to run Project Based Color Balancing (PBCB) on the images. PBCB uses tie-point collection which samples the histograms of all images in a block to produce a color balanced set of images. Imagery missions can be merged to provide a continuous color balance across the entire project. After PBCB is run, the .dfp file is opened in UltraMap Radiometry. UltraMap Radiometry provides tools for detailed and specific radiometric adjustments to the imagery to eliminate such things as hotspots, atmospheric effects, and haze. There are also tools to adjust the gamma, histogram levels, haze, and exposure of the imagery. All adjustments are made while the imagery is still at a 12-bit color resolution allowing for the greatest quality when converted to 8-bit deliverables. After color balancing is complete the final step is to process out the images to the desired final product. UltraMap provides options for the output type of the Images. These options in include image Mode (RGB, RGBI, CIR, etc.), resolution, file format and Bit Depth (8/16 bit). In addition, during QA/QC, each image will be displayed and checked for completeness, radiometric acceptance, and any obvious visual problems. Any cause to reject the image will justify the need for a re-processing or re-flight of that particular image. Only after images have been displayed, checked, and accepted will they be released for use in subsequent production procedures. Photography Quality Control Sanborn takes every possible measure to ensure that mission planning, operational conditions, precision aerial cameras, and computerized flight management systems all work together to result in the acquisition of high quality, error-free imagery for the project. We quality check the entire imagery data set three times before accepting it for exploitation. As each image is acquired, a snapshot of that image is visible to the aircrew on a monitor. Our photographers view this snapshot at the time of capture and then again post-mission, before sending the imagery to the office. Sanborn’s photographers identify over 98% of the re-flights in the field through this QA process. When an imagery data set arrives at the office, it is immediately backed up. Thereafter, it is processed to the final image. This processing occurs quickly, as dedicated, high-capacity workstations utilizing a distributed processing system are used for the task. After the imagery is Before and after Project-Based Color Balancing City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 24 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. processed, a technician reviews the imagery a third time. The technician looks for details which may not have been visible in the snapshot and confirms that the image processed correctly. Checks performed by the technicians include: Review of the imagery for density, contrast, hot spots, clarity, shadow and highlight detail, and overall quality. Technicians will also check each line of imagery for: Adherence to the flight plan—the editor will review the imagery to ensure that the specified flight plan has been successfully executed. GSD—the technicians will confirm that the specified GSD has been achieved. Departures from flight heights required to produce the desired image scale shall not exceed minus two percent (-2%) or plus five percent (+5%) Crab— Crab in excess of five degrees (5°) may be cause for rejection of a flight. Tilt and Tip— Tilt of the camera from vertical at the instant of exposure shall not exceed four degrees (4°) per frame, nor shall it exceed 6 degrees (6°) between any two (2) successive exposure stations. Average tilt over any successive ten (10) frames shall not exceed 2°. Forward overlap—the forward overlap will be examined to ensure that it falls in the appropriate range for each acquisition area. Side overlap—the side overlap will be examined to ensure that it falls in the correct percent range for each acquisition area. Anomalies—any other anomalies that could affect the final product will be examined, such as exposures settings, pixel drop out, etc. If the technicians identify the need for any re-flights, they immediately email the flight crew needed parameters. Our goal is to accomplish this review within three days of acquisition of the photography. Sanborn understands that unacceptable imagery will be re-flown at no additional cost to the City. All re-flight coverage will overlap the accepted imagery by at least two exposures, and will be captured using the same sensor type that performed the initial acquisition. Geo-referencing Sanborn’s approach will be to utilize existing, available control points, augmented with newly surveyed ground control points where needed, together with AGPS/IMU-controlled aerial photography to accurately control the Fully Analytical Aerial Triangulation (FAAT) solution. Airborne GPS/Inertial Measurement Unit (AGPS/IMU) data will provide primary support for image positioning and orientation, minimizing the required number of ground control points required, while still enabling the creation of orthoimagery and other mapping products that conform to the accuracy standards set by the City for the project. Airborne GPS / Inertial Measurement The Vexcel UltraCam Eagle digital camera system utilizes airborne GPS (AGPS) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) data as input for sensor positioning and exterior orientation development. Sanborn’s new Applanix Type 46 Non-ITAR IMU’s, will be used to manage and collect data for this process. NovAtel MiLLennium DL4+ dual frequency GPS receivers City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 25 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. collecting P-code pseudo range and L1/L2 carrier signals at a sampling rate of 2 points per second will be used in the aircraft to collect GPS data. These directly observed exterior orientations will be combined with conventional ground control in an AT bundle adjustment. The statistics derived from the bundle adjustment will provide an accuracy assessment for ortho rectification and/or stereo compilation. The use of AGPS/IMU data has a number of benefits: It allows more flexibility in the selection of ground control points, making it possible to work around difficult areas such as forests, private land, restricted areas, and water bodies. It enhances the overall reliability of the AT solution. It results in bundle block adjustments of greater accuracy and homogeneity. Depending on the mapping products, it allows some level of reduction in the amount of ground control, enhancing production schedules. It automatically determines all six of the parameters required for resolving the exterior orientation of each photograph and allows for more reliable and accurate results from assisted automatic aerotriangulation. General AGPS Procedures Sanborn’s airborne GPS approach will consist of the following steps: Recovering or establishing suitable base station locations within the project area, as appropriate to the accuracy specifications for the project. Validating the bore-sighting of the camera and AGPS system. AGPS/IMU boresight calibration is performed at least twice per year. Any time the camera or AGPS/IMU is moved, a new boresight is required. Collecting, processing, and interpolating the AGPS data to derive camera station coordinates and rotations at each instant of exposure During the mission planning process, Positional Dilution of Precision (PDOP) is evaluated using Trimble’s Qplan or Ashtech’s MPwin GPS planning software. All mission collections will be conducted with a PDOP of 3.2 or lower. The K-Index is also evaluated prior to mission collection. The K-Index, and by extension the Planetary K-Index, are used to characterize the magnitude of geomagnetic storms. Therefore, no collection will occur when the K-Index is at or above 4. Prior to the actual AGPS photography missions, Sanborn will also check the AGPS system installation. This involves: Checking the GPS antenna location on the aircraft Checking the GPS receiver to aerial camera connections Re-measuring the offset vector from the antenna to the camera’s front lens node Differential Airborne GPS Correction Methods Sanborn may use one of three technologies for Airborne GPS Correction: City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 26 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Trimble CenterPoint™ RTX™: Sanborn subscribes to The Trimble CenterPoint™ RTX™ correction service. This service is a high- accuracy, satellite-delivered global positioning service that is available across Applanix’s entire airborne mapping portfolio. The Trimble CenterPoint™ RTX™ correction service is delivered by L-Band satellite or by the Internet. This technology provides high-accuracy GNSS positioning without the use of traditional reference station- based differential RTK™ infrastructure, which results in more uptime, faster initialization, and hardware savings. This enables Sanborn to generate map products faster at a reduced cost. Benefits of this system include: Availability: Worldwide High Accuracy: Provides <4cm (1.5-inch) horizontal accuracy Quick initialization: CenterPoint RTX converges to full accuracy within 1 to 5 minutes in select regions, and less than 30 minutes worldwide Multi-constellation support: GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS enabled More uptime: Work can continue through correction signal interruptions for up to 200 seconds No base station required: Since a base station is not required for Trimble RTX-based correction services, losing radio signal connectivity is not a concern Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS): During the data acquisition missions, multiple National Geodetic Survey Continually Operating Reference Stations (NGS CORS) that are up to 200km from the acquisition area will be logging data at 1-, 2-, or 5-second increments that will be download and incorporated when processing the airborne GPS solution. In order to ensure mission integrity, Sanborn will be operating base stations on the ground in the proximity of the project area for the duration of the acquisition flight as a backup in case of any failures or problems with the CORS system. Traditional Base Stations: Typically, at least one GPS base station will be in operation during each mission. This GPS receiver will be set on a published National Geodetic Survey control point such as the Primary Airport Control (PAC) Station. If for any reason it is not possible to set a GPS base station at a published NGS point, a temporary point will be introduced and marked near the fixed base of operation (FBO) at the airport of departure. The base station receiver at the airport will be operational prior to starting airborne data collection. All crews will have their base station(s) running at least 7 minutes prior to sun angle and at least seven minutes after sun angle. This provides redundant base station data in the event of a base station failure or other unanticipated GPS issue from one crew. All GPS receivers will be set to an epoch rate of 2 Hz. In-Flight Calibration The AGPS/IMU system requires a seven minute “initialization” period for satellite data acquisition prior to takeoff. This seven minute time period will not begin until after the system has been started and data logging has begun. After landing and when the aircraft is stationary, the AGPS/IMU subsystem will continue to collect data for seven more minutes. This procedure ensures that the airborne GPS unit is functioning properly and the solution is fixed. The initialization and termination of the aircraft’s data collection will occur as close to the airport base station as possible, but far enough from buildings to prevent multi-path errors. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 27 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. The ground and airborne GPS receivers will collect data at half- second epochs for the duration of all missions. Aircraft will not be banked more than 20 degrees during data collection to prevent loss of lock with GPS satellites. AGPS Post Processing Software All AGPS/IMU data will be downloaded from the aircraft the day it is collected. Sanborn will use the latest version of Applanix MMS kinematic AGPS post-processing software (currently v6.2) to process all AGPS/IMU data. Sanborn has been using this software since 2008. Applanix MMS software has numerous benefits, including: It exports into the proper format for direct input into the Inpho Match-AT software Numerous visual displays are available to assess systematic errors as well as to ensure that the requisite accuracy is met In a combination of AGPS data, the expected accuracy of the orientation of the photo exposures will be 0.10 meters in position and approximately 20 to 30 arc seconds in tilt, roll, and heading. Once a final solution is achieved, the photo center coordinate positions will be exported in the project coordinate system in preparation for use in aerial triangulation (AT). Airborne GPS QA/QC Sanborn rigorously checks the quality of the processed airborne GPS and INS data before implementing it into the bundle block adjustment. The kinematic data are processed from a minimum of two base stations, and the solutions are compared. This procedure verifies the integrity of the base station coordinates and elevations. Each processing session is computed in both the forward and reverse temporal directions. The comparison of these solutions provides insight into the quality of the kinematic ambiguity resolution. The below figure illustrates a high quality combined solution - positional information predominantly within the range of 4cm. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 28 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Once a final solution is achieved, the photo center coordinate positions will be exported in the project coordinate system in preparation for use in aerial triangulation (AT). Sanborn will supplement the final AT report with a section addressing the AGPS/IMU component of the acquisition. The information provided will include at a minimum: An analysis and write-up of the AGPS/IMU collection procedure, processing, and results An index identifying each image, corresponding digital file name, and image acquisition date and time in Esri .shp format. All photo centers (X,Y,Z) and the IMU unit rotation values Ground Control Surveys While Airborne GPS and IMU technology will serve as the primary means for geo-referencing, a framework of ground control is needed to serve as checkpoints and to enhance the control solution. Aerial control or ground checkpoints will be photo-identified or targeted as needed by Sanborn. New control will be established where control from previous projects is unavailable or unrecoverable. New Control Where new control is needed, Sanborn’s survey team will perform reconnaissance to determine optimal locations for its placement. Criteria for selection include: Suitability—for photogrammetric ground control, including good contrast between the ground surface and target material, and a flat ground surface. Safety – Protection or shielding of targets from disturbance or destruction. Safety of equipment and personnel Recoverability—ease of recovery Accessibility—for occupation by GPS and other surveying equipment Locality—within public rights of way or easements or on public property, where feasible Example of a targeted control point Example of a photo ID control point (intersection of driveway with sidewalk) that could be utilized. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 29 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Compatibility—potential conflicts with future development, including the construction of new highways Visibility – locations that allow an open and unobstructed view to the sky Monumentation Newly surveyed points will be semi-permanent, and will either be a 12-inch spike, or a PK nail with an aluminum washer. The intent of these survey monuments will be to meet analytical aerial triangulation and check point requirements only. Targeting Using control point coordinates and/or shape files along with GIS base layers, a location map will be generated for each control point. Survey field technicians will use these maps to reach the vicinity of each point, and then use either mapping grade or RTK GPS units to pin point the monument location. The target placement will be documented with at least three photos: a close-up of the monument, a full frame of the target, and landscape features surrounding the target. All targeted ground control points will be paneled with material of sufficient color and size to enable ease of identification in the aerial imagery, and use in the aerial triangulation process. Targets may be of an “L”, “V” or "X" shape. Painted targets will be placed using pre-fabricated templates and water-based paint. Plastic target material will be used on unpaved surfaces. Control Specifications All GPS surveys will meet the accuracy standards of at least order C-2-II as defined in “Geometric Geodetic Accuracy Standards And Specifications For Using GPS Relative Positioning Techniques”, Federal Geodetic Control Subcommittee, August, 1989. Accuracy will be reported according to the “GEOSPATIAL POSITIONING ACCURACY STANDARDS Part 2: Standards for Geodetic Networks developed by the Federal Geodetic Control Subcommittee (FGCS) and the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC)”, 1998. Surveying Methods: Horizontal and Vertical Control A GPS Static and Fast Static control network forms the backbone of all location surveys. Sanborn has extensive experience in designing, processing, and adjusting large control networks, and with the coordinate systems on which they are based. Sanborn has reviewed the City’s requirements for survey control, and will ensure that survey operations result in the establishment of control that meets these specifications. A high level of City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 30 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. redundancy will be maintained between baselines on all primary networks. Reliability of point positions that have redundant base lines and can be adjusted within a network are stronger than points observed using non-redundant RTK techniques. Sanborn will submit a control plan prior to proceeding with fieldwork that shows the location of stations to be observed with baselines to be observed during each session. Once targeting is complete, Sanborn will design a final control network which includes all new monuments as well as sufficient HARN monuments to hold as fixed points. Any network or sub-network in a survey will consist solely of independent, non-trivial baselines. Only processed baselines that have fixed ambiguity resolutions will be included in a network. GPS Data Acquisition Techniques Wherever service is available, the Virtual Reference System (VRS) will be used to survey new control points. VRS surveys use CORS station corrections transmitted to the rover receiver. All field notes, sketches, adjustments, positional closures, and electronic files for all control and photo control GPS network points will be submitted in the final survey report. Each new control point will have two or more independent station occupations. Independent occupations will have tripods reset and re-plumbed between sessions. Sessions will be separated by at least twenty (20) minutes. All GPS surveys will meet the following minimum accuracy standards: Independent observations on new control points must agree within 0.09-foot in X and Y Observations on existing control of a higher accuracy must agree with the published coordinates within 0.09-foot in X and Y Independent observations on new control points must agree within 0.16-foot in Z Observations on existing control of a higher accuracy must agree with the published coordinates within 0.16-foot in Z Antenna Setup—Sanborn will measure the antenna height twice at each setup: once in meters and once in feet. The two measurements will be reduced to a common unit system and compared in the field before leaving the station. This approach eliminates the possibility of observing an incorrect instrument height. Baseline Processing—all baseline vectors will be post processed nightly using Trimble Business Center™ 3-dimensional adjustment software. Fixed bias, double-difference solutions will be determined for all selected baselines. Baselines that do not produce an acceptable solution will be discarded and re-observed on the following day. Loop Misclosure Analysis—if closed loop surveys are implemented, loop misclosures for all figures in the network will be computed and analyzed on a daily basis. They are the first major indicators of quality, and will be tabulated and compared with the FGCS guidelines. Misclosure table will be included in the Final Survey Report for quality assurance purposes. GPS Network Adjustments Minimally Constrained (Free) Network Adjustment (if closed loop surveys are implemented)—After each day of fieldwork, the complete set of quasi-independent (nontrivial) baselines will be combined in a rigorous, minimally constrained, least squares adjustment. To City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 31 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. facilitate the adjustment, the geodetic latitude, longitude, and ellipsoidal height of one existing station will be held fixed. Sanborn will use Trimble Business Center™ or similar software, which is a three-dimensional least squares adjustment package. The variance-covariance terms from the baseline solutions will be scaled to ensure realistic observation weighting. The estimated (a posteriori) reference variance will be tested using the chi-squared test while the Tau-maximum test will be used for outlier detection. These tests are a direct form of quality control. Baseline component residuals will also be carefully examined. Sanborn’s approach allows for continuous quality assessment, which ensures the attainment of the required accuracy specifications. Analysis of the quality of the network will be based on these criteria: Accuracy Classification—all directly connected 95 percent relative error ellipses from the minimally constrained adjustment will be analyzed. This examination ensures maintenance of the required internal (relative) spatial accuracy. The network will be deemed acceptable when the relative positional accuracy between all pairs of stations does not exceed Second Order as defined by the FGCS. Station Confidence Regions—the station confidence regions will also be computed via the minimally constrained least squares adjustment. Examination of these results will reveal the expected horizontal accuracy of each station. Given achievement of the proposed FGCS relative positional accuracy, the final horizontal coordinates of the ground control will be more than sufficient to support the accuracy requirements for this project. Survey Report Upon completing the ground control phase, Sanborn’s ground control team will prepare and submit a Final Survey Report in .PDF format. At a minimum, the report will provide the following information: Executive summary of the survey and its results The location and extent of the network A narrative description of all aspects of the surveys Equipment and software details Tables summarizing the GPS misclosures (if closed loop method surveys are used) Results of the minimally constrained (free) adjustment and the formal classification of the network in terms of the relative spatial accuracy Results and associated analysis of the constrained least squares adjustment (if closed loop method surveys are used) Final coordinate listings A network diagram, showing all stations and the measured quasi-independent baselines Reference sheets for all ground control points Permissions, Public Relations and Safety Issues Sanborn is aware of potential concerns that some members of the public may have regarding field survey operations. Sanborn will ask the City for a letter explaining the intent of the survey City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 32 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. that can be referenced in the event of queries from the public. All field personnel will dress and conduct themselves in a professional manner. Sanborn will conduct field operations during daylight hours, and observe all laws and regulations pertaining to operations in public rights-of-way, as well as entry to public or private property. Ground Survey QA/QC The control survey will be characterized by extensive quality control mechanisms, for example: Dual instrument height measurements using different units of measure, or fixed-height tripods. Use of redundant, quasi-independent GPS baseline in all loops; loop misclosures, (if closed loop method surveys are used) Least squares adjustments and statistical evaluations, (if closed loop method surveys are used) Use of multiple well distributed existing horizontal and vertical control points as the basis for the new network(s) Independent review and checking of all computations Supplementing GPS surveys with conventional survey techniques using electronic traversing (total stations) and digital leveling for more precise vertical control. Full reporting of all results and the inclusion of all computations, field logs, solution printouts, and any other pertinent information provide quality assurance. Digital Aerotriangulation (DAT) Once the processed imagery, ABGPS/IMU, and ground control survey data become available, Sanborn’s next step will be to complete Aerial Triangulation (AT). Carefully developed and refined procedures will be followed, as the AT solution is the foundation for the accuracy of all derivative data products created from the imagery. Each stereo model will contain between 60 and 120 pixel match points to ensure that the relative accuracy and measurement integrity of the entire block of imagery is achieved. Sanborn’s procedure consists of the use of a fully automatic pixel-matching routine, followed by a supervised, manual point selection, introduced strategically where automated routines have difficulty matching pixels (shadows, water, dense trees, etc.). A flow diagram outlining Sanborn’s aerial triangulation approach is shown below, and described in the following paragraphs. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 33 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Assisted Automatic Aerial Triangulation (AAAT) AAAT is a refinement of conventional AT in which airborne GPS/IMU data are used for the direct measurement of the position and orientation of every exposure in the photogrammetric block. These data result in highly reliable automatic tie point and pass point measurements, because the directly observed exterior orientation data prevents divergence of the solution. The AAAT process improves upon conventional (manual) aerial triangulation by providing numerous automated tie points and pass points. Sanborn will automatically measure seven or more tie points and pass points in each of the standard Von Gruber locations. The automation of manual point observation within the AT process introduces significant efficiency when adjusting large contiguous blocks. The benefits of softcopy-based AAAT include: Alleviation of the need to perform manual pugging and observation of control points, tie points, and pass points. Much greater productivity, a factor that is crucial to schedule adherence and minimizing cost to the client. Improved accuracy, because the procedure yields many more tie points and pass points than could be practically observed by manual means. Sanborn will use Inpho’s Match-AT software to perform AAAT. On the market since 1996, and in its current version, offering what we believe to be the most evolved aerotriangulation solution available, Match-AT has a proven track record on projects of similar size and scope. The AT Work Flow Diagram City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 34 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. graphical display of adjustment statistics via this software is a highly valuable aid for analysis and quality control. Verification of results and measurement of ground control and check points will be performed using the Match-AT module as well. Match-AT includes bundle block adjustment module which performs least squares block adjustment after automatically matched points are generated and manual measurements are completed. Software has built in tools to flag and eliminate blundered observations. The benefits of using Inpho’s Match-AT software include: Match-AT enables the AT technician to use refinement to enhance the matching of a selected point in neighboring images during the mensuration of control and supplementary tie points. Sub-pixel accuracy is achieved on a routine basis. Match-AT provides a seamless digital environment because the AT result (namely, the final bundle block adjustment result) is applied directly, yielding single photo external orientations and absolute orientations, which can be used immediately in photogrammetric data capture and orthophoto by using Match-AT’s export functions to convert data to be used in data capture and orthophoto production modules. Absolute Accuracy Check Points True verification of accuracy requires the use of independent check points – specifically, ground control points withheld from the AT process and used as checks after the initial adjustment. To meet statistical criteria via a sufficiently large sample, Sanborn typically withholds a minimum of one-fourth of the ground control points to be used as check points to verify the quality of the AT adjustment. Since AGPS/IMU will be relied upon as the primary element of control for this project, ALL ground control points may be withheld in order to generate an RMSE for all ground control against an independent AGPS/IMU solution. This process validates the AGPS/IMU as a stand-alone solution for meeting the specified project accuracy. A final AT adjustment will then be made incorporating all of the ground control to arrive at the best possible coordinates for subsequent photogrammetric operations. Accuracy Standards At a minimum, the fit to horizontal and vertical ground control of the digital analytical aerotriangulation solution will meet the following criteria, as required by the RFP: Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of all horizontal control points used for each final block adjustment will not exceed 0.125-foot in X and 0.125-foot in Y for imagery supporting 3-inch GSD pixels; The maximum allowable horizontal error of any horizontal control point will not exceed ±0.375-feet in X and ±0.375-feet in Y for imagery supporting 3-inch GSD pixels; The maximum allowable vertical error of any vertical control point will not exceed ±0.375- feet for imagery supporting 3-inch GSD pixels; Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of all image coordinates will not exceed 3.0 microns (combined x,y). City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 35 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Ortho and Planimetric Mapping Standard Product Product GSD Product Accuracy (RMSEx, RMSEy) AT Accuracy RMSEy (cm) and RMSEy 7.5 cm (3-inch) 15 cm (6-inch) 7.5 cm (3-inch) ASPRS Positional Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data (Edition 1, Version 1.0. – November, 2014) Aerial Triangulation QA/QC The quality of the aerotriangulation solution is proven by low values of the error residuals in the least squares adjustment. Very low values in the residuals indicate that the ground control is free of survey errors because it fits the photogrammetric measurements. The quality control steps outlined below will be followed to help ensure the best quality adjustment. The full and complete documentation of the quality control procedures and results will be presented in the Final AT Report. The project boundary will be identified to ensure that triangulation coverage includes the entire project area. Checkpoints will be used and evaluated as previously discussed above Intermediate triangulation results will be thoroughly reviewed by the Lead Technician and the Data Processing Manager. Final triangulation results will be thoroughly reviewed by the Lead Technician, Data Processing Manager, and Production Manager. Aerial Triangulation Report Upon completion of all AT adjustments, Sanborn will submit a Final AT Report in .PDF format, with relevant portions in ASCII format as required by the City. This report will provide a narrative description of all aspects of the AT phase, tabular information for ground control and check point results, and appendices, which include documentation of the full AT solution. The Final AT Report will include the following information: An executive summary of the aerial triangulation (AT) and its results A narrative description of all aspects of the AAAT and AT bundle block adjustments A basic description of the project including ground control, flight planning, aerial imagery, and the airborne GPS observations and results Equipment and software details A description of the AAAT procedures and results including any geodetic considerations such as the use of a Local Rectangular System Results of the preliminary check point adjustment, the constrained bundle block adjustment, and the formal classification of the AT in terms of its accuracy Raw measured fiducial coordinates for each photo image in the photo coordinate system Raw measured control points and pass points in the photo coordinate system Adjusted control points, pass points, photo centers and residuals in the NAD 83(2011) SPCS coordinate system with NAVD88 elevations Standard deviation of the adjusted control point, pass point measurements, and airborne GPS photo center coordinates City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 36 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Photo orientation parameters (X,Y,Z, omega, phi, kappa) for each photo image Camera focal lengths used in adjustment Documentation of the weighting strategy used for ground control points and airborne GPS coordinates Final coordinate listings and other associated data in an Excel spreadsheet Elevation Modeling The orthorectification process requires a digital elevation model (DEM) as an input. The quality needed depends upon the accuracy and resolution requirements of the project. A DEM that is out of date or of insufficient resolution may cause a variety of geometric inaccuracies in the orthophoto image, including distortion of the image or unsightly, visible smearing. Additionally, bridges, flyovers, and certain other elevated features require special enhancement of the DEM in order to ensure that those features are modeled correctly and the orthorectification is accurate in those areas. This section describes Sanborn’s process for creating or updating a terrain surface. DEM Source Review The City’s existing DEM will be photogrammetrically reviewed using the 2D and 3D change detection processes to rapidly locate areas of significant change that would induce smearing or distortions in the orthoimagery. Sanborn will update the DEM in these areas, and ensure that updated change areas in the DEM transition accurately and smoothly into unchanged portions of the terrain surface. Sanborn reserves the right to create an all-new DEM for this project if the change detection process reveals that it is more cost-effective to do so. Masspoint Autocorrelation Sanborn will use autocorrelation techniques to rapidly and automatically generate masspoints in areas of the DEM requiring major revision, or to create a new DEM. This process is performed using SimActive Auto-Correlator 3D software. SimActive is graphics processing unit (GPU) enabled software that can extract masspoint DEM data from digital aerial images five times more efficiently than traditional auto-correlation engines, and to a higher degree of accuracy. SimActive then filters these points to create a very precise masspoint grid for the entire model, or within a predefined collection boundary. The software creates masspoints with an accuracy of approximately 1/10,000 of the flying height at which the aerial imagery was acquired. Surface modeling parameters will be tailored to the terrain type(s) in the project area to ensure creation of a DEM of sufficient resolution to support accurate orthorectification. The below figure diagrams the autocorrelation process. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 37 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Mass point spacing used for the production of orthoimagery is a function of the map scale and terrain type, and whether the DEM is generated manually or automatically using softcopy techniques. Typical ranges of spacing for ortho-only products using manual soft-copy techniques are as follows. If auto-correlation is chosen, the points are generated at a 4 pixel density. Interactive Photogrammetric Editing and Enhancement Editing of the DTM’s and interactive extraction of any additionally needed masspoint or breakline data will be performed in a stereoscopic environment by Sanborn’s experienced photogrammetric technicians using DAT/EM digital photogrammetric workstations. DAT/EM software provides a full set of commands that lets operators display, enhance, and manipulate stereo graphics data in a raster environment. DAT/EM Systems International has had their photogrammetric software on the market since 1987, and offers what we believe is the most DSM (Digital Surface Model) DTM (Digital Terrain Model) City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 38 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. advanced data extraction, editing, and quality control solution available. DAT/EM uses MicroStation for its base runtime environment. Sanborn also has the capability of compiling directly into an Esri Geodatabase from the 3D stereoscopic environment using DAT/EM CAPTURE. All of the compilation methods and topology checks are the same as capture into MicroStation, but without the added step of having to translate the data from .dgn file format into Geodatabase format. The aerial imagery serves as a backdrop for the vector design file. This stereo superimposition technology (terrain or planimetric features traced in vector form directly over the top of stereoscopic imagery displayed on the computer monitor) ensures accurate horizontal and vertical positioning, and complete collection of all extracted features. DAT/EM offers tools for managing, digitizing, and editing terrain or planimetric vector features. Feature definitions are stored in a feature table, which stores an ordered set of vector features, annotation, attributes, and properties such as color and linetype that are associated with features. Once all vector-based features are collected, operators can edit and process them to produce the final terrain or planimetric database. DTM’s will be enhanced to correctly model the ground to an accuracy level sufficient to support the production of orthoimagery in full conformance with the City’s acceptance criteria. Additionally needed masspoints will be collected in a general grid format. Discrete spot elevations will be collected on high and low points, such as peaks, saddles, buttes, depressions, and other operator defined locations as needed to ensure accuracy of the surface model. Breaklines will be collected as needed to model abrupt changes in the terrain surface, such as water courses, ditches, embankments, ridgelines, retaining walls, bridge decks, and flyovers, as well as to eliminate waviness in curvilinear ground features such as roads and rail lines. All data in the DTM will represent the elevation of part of an actual feature, and each vertex on a breakline will have a unique elevation. The following are the types of breaklines Sanborn would typically collect for an orthophoto deliverable: Primary Breaklines – Primary breaklines are defined as those modeling man made features that are associated with the ground level of the earths’ surface. Examples include edges of pavement. Bridge deck breaklines are also added to allow for the correct positioning of the bridge during orthorectification. Secondary Breaklines – Secondary breaklines would be those modeling natural features, such as hydrology, shorelines, ravines and ridge tops. Sanborn will collect breaklines around major static water bodies to ensure a continuous, level water surface elevation. DTM Compilation QA/QC Sanborn’s QC of the DTM data will involve reviews for completeness (coverage, gaps), as well as duplicate points and other anomalies, such as spikes from points that are above or below the actual terrain surface. Masspoints and breaklines will be “draped” over the new imagery in a 3D stereoscopic environment to ensure that all point data is on the ground, independently verifying that all needed changes were made, and that any new data was captured correctly. Checks will be made into adjacent stereo models to ensure that City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 39 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. breaklines are tied and continuous, and that redundant masspoint data isn’t collected at model edges. All compilation data is tied to the mapping datum as determined by the ground survey and AGPS/IMU data. Each stereo model is referenced to an AT solution. It is imperative that the ground survey and base station data for the generation of AGPS photo positions be in the correct projection, coordinate and unit system prior to performing AT or compilation. The following quality control measures also help to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the final DEM: 1. A set of work instructions will be created detailing the work procedures that will be performed on the project. 2. The technicians will validate final ground control files from the aerial triangulation adjustment. 3. A supervising technician will review a sample of the DEM models on an interim basis during production to ensure the data is being collected correctly. Ortho Imagery Processing The creation of ortho imagery involves a number of important steps, beginning with the actual orthorectification, which corrects the geometric distortions inherent in digital aerial imagery, and turns it into a true map product. The process also involves mosaicking, and a variety of radiometric corrections, which turn the numerous individual photo images into one seamless database, with uniform, pleasing, realistic color characteristics. After it has been quality- controlled and any needed corrections made, the database is tiled to the client’s specifications, and written out in the desired compressed or uncompressed image file format(s) for delivery. Orthorectification Sanborn uses a highly sophisticated, proprietary software package for orthophoto creation, which is one of the most robust and feature-rich automated digital orthophoto production software suites in the industry. The proprietary system draws upon digital elevation/terrain models (DEM/DTMs), digital sensor information, digital aerial imagery acquired for the project, and aerial triangulation (AT) data to rectify each digital image. The rectification corrects for inherent geometric distortions in the image that are caused by terrain variance, earth curvature, and camera orientation in relation to the ground. The terrain surface used by Sanborn’s software is in the form of a triangulated irregular network (TIN), not a regular grid DEM or DTM. The TIN provides a more accurate representation of the terrain surface. The TIN eliminates waviness around sharp terrain breaks, such as steep embankments, road edges, railway grades, and hydrographic features, as seen by comparing the rail lines in the pictures above. The ortho processing software uses the cubic convolution sampling technique, which yields high accuracy and excellent aesthetic quality. Cubic convolution is the industry standard algorithm for Ortho with DEM Ortho with TIN City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 40 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. One imagery tile with eighteen contributing exposures Orthophoto without intelligent seams. Orthophoto mosaic with intelligent seams. the rectification of digital orthoimagery. It relies on a 4 x 4 (16-pixel) kernel and a cubic algebraic function. Sanborn has also developed methods and procedures that allow for the processing of the RGB color and near infra-red (NIR) bands within a single rectification. One of the greatest advantages of digital cameras systems is the ability to collect co-registered multi-spectral imagery. Because of this camera design, Sanborn can bring a 4-band image into our software and complete single-step aerial triangulation, orthorectification, and post processing. Prior to this process and the new digital camera technology, imagery providers had to collect RGB and NIR imagery on two separate flights, and perform aerial triangulation and orthorectification twice, doubling the effort, cost, and time to deliver the NIR product. Sanborn believes this new process provides an exceptional value to the City, as we will do not charge additional fees for collection, orthorectification, and delivery of the near-infrared data. Mosaic Processing Sanborn uses a unique mosaicking process that performs pixel matching along a seam line at ground level. This virtually eliminates image distortions caused by above ground features mosaicked from two adjacent photographs. As part of the mosaicking workflow, experienced imagery technicians review the seams between orthophotos to ensure that adjacent images edge match correctly. The seaming routine in Sanborn’s proprietary ortho processing software avoids elevated structures so that buildings are viewed from only one source image. Seamline Generation Sanborn’s production process allows for seamline generation and a seamline deliverable, if desired by the City. This is a product that has been delivered to other clients for many years, and is useful to have when performing quality control on the imagery. The following illustration displays how image chips are used to make a larger mosaic. Each color within this sample represents image chips that are mosaicked together to make a single homogeneous image. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 41 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Sanborn tracks each image throughout the production process for the metadata requirements. This same information will be applied to the attribution of the seamline database. Sanborn proposes to provide project-wide seamline polygons as a vector layer in Esri Geodatabase format. The polygons will be topologically correct, containing no gaps, overlaps or multi-part features, and will contain a polygon for each exposure chip used in the mosaicked image. The polygons will be attributed with exposure identification, and image acquisition date and time. Radiometric Balancing Sanborn’s image quality criteria require radiometrically homogeneous imagery that is devoid of response gradients and vignetting within an exposure, and unnatural tonal variations across exposures. A four-step radiometric calibration and processing workflow is followed to ensure that these criteria are met: 1. Pre-Flight Calibration: Camera response is calibrated the day of acquisition for the ground reflectance and expected illumination conditions. The calibration process ensures maximum use of the available 14-bit dynamic range and correct color balance. 2. Atmospheric Correction: Atmospheric correction to remove any haze or atmospheric transmission loss using a Modtran4 derived correction function. 3. Sensor Corrections: Pre-processing to remove any vignetting effects, resulting in a homogeneously exposed image. 4. Color Balancing: Final processing includes local and global color balancing to ensure that all image exposures appear consistent, with no tonal variation across seams. Final Color Balancing Sanborn will use tone balancing to even bright and dark areas on the imagery that are caused by changing lighting conditions , such as variance in sun angle, over the duration of the imagery acquisition process. Our procedure enables us to compute an average intensity value for each input image, and ensure that the corresponding output image retains the same average intensity, but with corrections for common photographic problems such as vignetting and uneven exposure. Once dodging has been completed, color balancing is continued using a proprietary color balancing software tool. This sophisticated tool enables technicians to use an intuitive and interactive methodology to specify the radiometric target characteristics of the final product, allowing the user to specify the radiometric properties of the final orthoimagery using a “what you see is what you get” interface, and also to match easily to client specified target characteristics. The City can provide digital imagery samples as a target, and the color balancing tool will match the characteristics of the target image. A secondary function of the color balancing software is to automatically adjust artifacts that typically lead to radiometrically non-homogeneous orthoimagery. This process is particularly important in regional areas with high reflectance, such as water. After selecting mosaic boundaries automatically or manually and defining blend types, either by default or individually, the mosaicking process runs in a batch mode. During the process, the final photos are tone balanced for optimal viewing and seamless mosaicking. The following images show how this process can provide different radiometric values from the same source imagery based on the selection of different color targets. It is this process that will City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 42 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. allow Sanborn to auto-match the radiometry of the prototype signature areas provided by the City. Sanborn will ingest the City’s approved prototypes in stage one of this process to produce the final orthoimagery with similar characteristics. Global tone matching and seamless mosaicking will provide consistent image quality output over the entire project area. Methods and procedures used in order to ensure a seamless orthoimage database with no discernible differences between adjacent images include: Each digital orthophoto will initially be created with a certain amount of overlap between adjoining images. This is necessary for determination of brightness differences between images. Pixel groups in adjacent images will be compared to determine the final output values along the seam line. Images will be processed so tonal values are consistent across boundaries, with no evidence of a seam. All radiometric correction will result in minimally measurable, and visually undetectable radiometric seams within or between flight lines, stereo models, or tiles. Sanborn calculates the position of the sun in relation to the camera at the time of exposure. This allows correction for hot spots and reflectance in the photography. Radiometric adjustment includes color balancing, overall tone adjustment, and brightness and contrast enhancement of the imagery over the entire project. Client-approved sample data (pilot data set) will be used as reference. There will be no null pixels within tiles. Radial Distortion (Building Lean) Minimization Radial distortion of above-ground features is a common issue with orthoimagery. Sanborn creates orthophotos using only a relatively small inner area, or so-called “sweet spot,” from each available image. This minimizes radial displacement and related problems, which increase toward the outer perimeter of a photograph. Using the “sweet spot” also increases the quality of the color balancing between photos. The high-overlap imagery acquired over major urban areas, as well as the higher acquisition altitude capability offered by the UltraCam Eagle sensor will also contribute significantly to the minimization of building lean and other radial distortion. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 43 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Smear Correction Due to Terrain Sanborn utilizes both the “sweet spot” and intelligent seaming to automatically correct for image smears. Image smears typically are found in areas of high relief where the image angle is parallel to the terrain. An accurate digital elevation model is required to correct this problem. As a result of Sanborn’s methodology, clients are guaranteed that valleys within high relief areas remain visible. The following image provides an example of image smearing and its correction: Correction of Bridges and Other Elevated Highway Features Distortion of bridges and other elevated highway features occurs when a DTM models the terrain surface, but not elevated features such as bridges crossing over that DTM. Sanborn corrects bridges and elevated highways as a routine step in our orthophoto creation workflow. Sanborn produces a separate DTM for each elevated highway feature, and when used in Smeared terrain Smeared terrain correction City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 44 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Sanborn’s rectification process software, elevated highway feature displacements will be corrected, with each feature being restored to its true location. Sanborn will deliver a separate bridge DTM file containing all affected bridges and flyovers. Digital Orthophoto Quality Assurance The process involved in producing high quality digital orthophotography is dependent upon the successful execution of many tasks performed by several Sanborn departments. While QA/QC is integrated into the workflow, every orthoimage tiles undergoes a thorough visual inspection by experienced imagery technicians following the conclusion of the production process. Any blemishes or artifacts in the imagery will be corrected prior to submittal. Inspections that will be performed on the orthoimagery include, but are not limited to: Visual inspection of geometry—Evaluate final geometric fit for compliance to specifications and/or published data quality statistics: Obvious seams Edge matching (roads, buildings) Bridge warping Excessive radial displacement in buildings Visual QC of mosaic—Evaluate product quality and modify as needed to meet project specifications: Blurred imagery Inconsistencies of color balancing Artifacts removed Shadow detail Product packaging—Final review of product with regard to content, format, labeling Sanborn understands that imagery which does not meet quality and accuracy requirements will be rejected and will need to be re-submitted following corrective measures. Sanborn Image QC™ Online Client QC Tool Sanborn provides an optional service for web-based quality checking of orthoimagery available to the City. Data is served from a central data server at Sanborn to the customer-side computer, and uses a mapping interface from within a standard web browser. Before After City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 45 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. The Sanborn Image QC™ online quality control (QC) tool accelerates the review process and expedites final product acceptance. This web-enabled tool removes the need for the physical transport of initial data to the customer site and allows for data to be reviewed and flagged for correction remotely, which reduces the project timeline. Edit flags are stored in a centralized location where they are immediately available for review by others in the organization. Customer-level login security has been implemented in conjunction with strict firewall functions and policies to help keep unauthorized users from accessing restricted data. Users are able to view available data and add digital issue points to areas which may have perceived problems or errors. These points are submitted directly to a secure centralized database where they are immediately available for others to review. Benefits of the online QC process include: Helps reduce the time needed for review as data can be corrected incrementally with edit calls, often speeding the review schedule. Provides ease and standard documentation for data quality review needed for contract monitoring and compliance. Facilitates coordination between many data reviewers, even when geographically separated. Sanborn Image QC™ can also consume any vector layers and/or WM(T)S feeds for overlay with the imagery under QC. These can include parcels, streets, city limits, orthos, utilities, zoning, land-use, etc. Sanborn can host these layers on our load-balanced back-end servers for high availability, or directly use them from a third-party service. Sanborn also offers a WMS/WMTS service option where the orthoimagery tiles are cached as pyramids and served over the web from Sanborn servers. These can then be imported into any OGC-compliant GIS software and used in production workflows. Alternately, point/polygon shapefiles can be created to identify potential issues (the issue details are mentioned in the attribute table of the shapefiles). Sanborn can then review these shapefiles and resolve the issues in an expedited manner. Planimetric Mapping Sanborn has extensive experience extracting building outline data from aerial imagery for use in creating or updating GIS data layers using photogrammetric techniques. Sanborn will update the desired building outline features from the controlled aerial imagery in a 3D stereoscopic environment, utilizing first-order softcopy workstations operated by photogrammetrists City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 46 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. experienced in photo interpretation to update or create the building outline database, as appropriate. The use of softcopy workstations utilizing stereo superimposition technology (building outline features traced in vector form directly over the top of stereoscopic imagery displayed on the computer monitor) ensures accurate and complete update of all mapped features. This approach not only provides an accurate horizontal position for the building outline features, it also provides accurate elevation data where needed, as Sanborn collects a variety of building outline features such a road edges, retaining walls, and hydrographic features in 3D. The database structure for the project will be uploaded to each softcopy workstation. Quality assurance steps will be in place during the data capture process to ensure that each required building outline feature is collected to correct graphical representation and attribute requirements outlined in the data dictionary. At the completion of the stereoscopic compilation tasks, the compiled model is reviewed using softcopy stereo-display to ensure that all data was compiled correctly. A senior photogrammetrist performs this review, with the specific responsibility of maintaining quality control of the project. The compiled file is superimposed over the source imagery, and the required building outline features in areas of change are reviewed. If features are determined to be missing, or not properly merged into unchanged portions of the database, the location is marked in the file in a separate layer and a QC note is inserted with specific comments. The model will be recalled by the stereo compiler and any necessary corrections addressed. This procedure provides two-way communication, ensuring consistency of data collection in terms of content and interpretation. Once the data are complete and correct, the interactive graphic editing phase begins. Interactive Graphic Editing and Topological Structuring of Data Graphic editing procedures involve a combination of interactive and programmatic checks to ensure that the data is cartographically correct and aesthetically pleasing, connectivity of linework is complete, and topology requirements have been met. A variety of intermediate topology checks are performed prior to the building of polygons from line data to ensure that all features defined as being topologically structured have no snapping errors (overshoots/undershoots/slivers). Polygon geometry is created, attributes of all features are populated, and edge-match checking between production blocks is performed. Edge Matching Checking for production block edge mismatches is a standard part of all Sanborn projects for clients that tile their data. Using an automated process, each production block is checked against its neighboring production block to ensure that all linework matches exactly. This ensures that attributes of the linework and/or polygon data are also checked. At the conclusion of the process, the graphic technician digitally reviews each production block and corrects any mismatches in line placement or attribution that City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 47 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. were flagged by the edge match process. This process is repeated until no errors are returned. Sanborn will ensure that planimetric features will meet all topology requirements when the data is migrated into the target environment, and make the transition to the GIS as efficient as possible. Layers, Colors, Symbols, Linestyles, and Annotation Sanborn will format all data layers as detailed in the data dictionary. All symbols, colors, linestyles, and annotation will follow the City’s desired conventions. Sanborn’s listing of data standards and criteria is summarized in the following table. Data Standards and Criteria Edge matching All data that crosses the edge of a production block will be edge-matched and coordinate connectivity verified. Point Duplication No duplicate structures or graphic entities will be allowed. No points will be duplicated within a data string. Points will not be duplicated across production block boundaries unless it corresponds to a delivery area. Connectivity Software checkable digitizing errors such as overshoots and undershoots will be eliminated as specified. Lines that intersect will join precisely. Line Quality All straight lines will contain only two points: beginning and end. A high graphic appearance shall be achieved. Transitions from straight line to arcs shall be smooth. Segmentation Linear elements will not be broken unless the break reflects a visual or attribute code characteristic. Precision All data capture will be accomplished in double precision. Spatial Continuity All delivered files will represent the specified data as spatially continuous. Graphic Standards All graphics will be consistent with accepted symbology and a high cartographic appearance shall be achieved. Topology Topology requirements will be defined based upon the City’s need. At minimum, illogical overlaps between features and/or feature classes will be avoided. Translation into Esri Geodatabase Format Once the planimetric and DEM data are completely structured and edited, they are ready to be translated from MicroStation .dgn to Esri Geodatabase format for delivery. Sanborn has a suite of proprietary translator software that enables the translation to various target systems, including the Esri environment. As a final check on the deliverable data, and with the City’s database design as the foundation, Sanborn uses custom software modules to perform QA/QC checks: Features and associated attributes are validated for data integrity Edge matching processes are run between production blocks Data will be verified with the source data and documents for content (missing data) errors, annotation integrity, and aesthetics QA/QC reports are generated and checked for errors; they may include: Ensure that all datasets have valid feature attribute tables (FATs) Ensure that all datasets have valid projection and coordinate system definition and properties City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 48 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Verify AOI coverage has been met Verify data edgematching across production blocks Validate topology Metadata FGDC-compliant metadata will be provided as part of the project. ArcObjects is used to generate the metadata information in the most efficient manner using semi-automated techniques. At a minimum, the metadata report will contain the following information: Date(s) of image collection Spatial and spectral resolutions Spatial accuracy of image Projection and datum of imagery Producer contact information for Sanborn Orthorectification method descriptions Sanborn has a staff of programmers who can develop applications as needed to ensure that all expectations for file format and metadata are met. Sanborn will coordinate with the City to ensure that all new metadata is compatible with their existing model. We will customize the attributes as needed to include all relevant information and descriptions and ensure that it meets the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) standards. Metadata files will be delivered in HTML and .XML format. Certification of Compliance with Accuracy Standard Following completion and passage of all internal and independent quality control checks, Mr. Doug Zehr, Chief Photogrammetrist, will certify the product accuracy as meeting the accuracy requirements as set for the project by the City. The detailed project plan prepared by the Project Manager will include comprehensive acceptance criteria, including the information outlined in the RFP, and review of interim products, such as the aerial triangulation results, that align with our rigorous ISO 9001:2015-certified internal quality control and quality assurance methods. Sanborn guarantees that rigorous testing to meet and certify to these standards for quality control for the project and deliverables will be performed. Sanborn has provided a comprehensive description of our quality control procedures following each production step in our workflow in the technical approach. The use of ground checkpoints to test the accuracy solution is described in the Analytical Aerotriangulation section. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 49 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 3 – Description of Proposed Solution Project Management Sanborn’s project management approach rigorously applies the Project Management Institute (PMI) model, which processes are incorporated into Sanborn’s ISO 9001:2015-certified Quality Management System (QMS). Sanborn understands that an upfront investment in planning results in the best outcome for the entire project lifecycle. The PMI model encompasses the following knowledge areas and process phases: Integration Scope Time Cost Quality Human Resources Communications Risk Procurement Project Manager Sanborn’s Project Manager, Ms. Yvonne Harding, GISP, SC GIS Surveyor, will be the City’s single point of contact and will serve as your primary liaison with Sanborn operations staff and management. Ms. Harding has over 20 years of experience in the mapping profession. She has extensive production and project management experience including statewide data, geospatial planning, and imagery projects for many projects including production support for previous City contracts. In general, Ms. Harding will be responsible for project definition, production oversight, scheduling, quality management, and financial and contractual management. Project Definition Project definition at Sanborn begins with the preparation of a project charter that encompasses all elements of the program. The project charter establishes the overall goals, vision, organizational structure, project structure, deliverables, management plans and approach, technical baseline, schedule, cost, subcontract management, quality, and other key elements of the program. All the methods used to plan, monitor, and control the project are also identified in the project charter. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 50 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. A key element of the project definition is the development of the project schedule in our earned value management (EVM) system, in addition to multiple supplementary tracking systems. This project management and production tool is used to develop and track all project resources and the schedule throughout the life of the project. The EVM schedule is the single source for all project status and tracking throughout the life of the project. A baseline contractual schedule is maintained in addition to multiple scenario schedules. Project Initiation Sanborn believes that the key to any successful project is continuous customer communication. Soon after contract award, Sanborn will request a preliminary planning meeting to identify any specific items that may have arisen after the original RFP was released. Once this information is gathered and the project charter is complete, Sanborn will request a “kickoff” meeting where Sanborn’s management team and appropriate Sanborn production staff will meet with appropriate City staff to: Review the technical requirements of the project against the proposed technical plan contained in Sanborn’s proposal. Review the sources that are to be supplied by the City against the requirements and expectations of Sanborn’s proposed work plan. Review the acquisition plan requirements and flight plans. Review the preliminary work plan (and the quality control processes and procedures) as presented in Sanborn’s proposal against defined delivery areas or work packages. Review the estimated resource plan. Review the project-specific Quality Plan presented at the meeting by Sanborn. Included will be a review the product acceptance procedures, methods and criteria that will be used by the City to determine product conformance with product specifications. Review the proposed project schedule and finalize interim and final delivery dates Review the schedule requirements by specific work tasks and the interdependencies of the sources of information to be supplied by the City Define the parameters of a pilot or prototype project where the proposed procedures will be tested for their ability to meet product specifications and/or the ability of the product specifications to meet the needs of the City. Define a formal change management process designed to effectively and efficiently track proposed modifications to contracts. This process will allow the City to make cost and benefit tradeoffs based on an analysis of the requested changes. It allows for the design, development, and implementation of modifications to production processes and procedures to be made in a controlled manner. Define all communication protocols and procedures that are necessary for effectively ensuring that both parties to the contract are informed about the production departments’ progress on each project task, that the sources are effective for the purpose intended, and the status of deliverable product reviews by the City. We anticipate that the kickoff meeting will be held at the City’s offices, but we welcome a site visit to our production facilities at any time throughout the course of the project. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 51 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Production Schedule Ms. Harding will review the production schedule contained in Sanborn’s proposal during the project initiation meeting. This draft schedule, based upon our review of the RFP, may be re-evaluated after the completion of the pilot or prototype project and before the balance of the project is started, depending upon comments received by the City, if they impact the scope of work. It is anticipated that the City will review the pilot deliverables and provide comments to Sanborn within five days of receipt. If necessary, the resource requirements will be input/revised in the EVM system at both of these milestones before production of the balance of the project commences. Proposed Schedule Sanborn’s anticipated project schedule is provided below for the City’s review. Anticipated Project Schedule Flight Plan and Calibration Report March 12, 2021 Flight Logs 2 Days after mission occurs AGPS and Ground Survey Control Report May 5, 2021 Aerial Triangulation Report May 14, 2021 Pilot Project May 21, 2021 Digital Orthorectified Imagery July 16, 2021 Building Outlines July 16, 2021 Final Project Report and Metadata July 23, 2021 Financial Schedule Ms. Harding will develop an internal set of financial budgets based upon the input into the EVM system and an invoice and payment schedule that is tied to production and/or terms and conditions in the contract. Ms. Harding is responsible for the timely and accurate submission of invoices to the City. The City is obligated to remit timely and accurate payments in accordance with the terms and conditions of the contract. Preferred Payment Schedule Sanborn proposes a milestone invoice schedule in coordination with the delivery schedule: 10% upon survey and flight plan approval 30% upon acquisition completion 20% upon survey report and AT report delivery 30% upon initial orthophoto/planimetric/topography delivery by area 10% upon final acceptance Sanborn is willing to negotiate other terms for invoicing if desired. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 52 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Quality Management System Sanborn has earned an ISO 9001:2015 certification and is registered with Platinum Registration, Inc. (Platinum). ISO 9000, a Quality Management System Standard, is a series of five international standards that provide guidance in the development and implementation of a specific and comprehensive Quality Management System (QMS). With Sanborn’s ISO 9001:2015 certification and thorough QMS processes, the City is assured that: The requirements and specifications of the project have been thoroughly and rigorously evaluated and documented The production processes and procedures employed for the project are appropriate and adequate to produce the results intended The production processes and procedures are controlled and results will be consistent and repeatable Documentation will be maintained that allows for evaluation of the processes and procedures to eliminate the source of nonconformities and to facilitate continual improvement of the processes and procedures Adequate facilities are available to meet the needs of the project Sufficient numbers of competent and adequately trained employees are working on the project Sanborn’s Quality Management System has been developed to ensure that adequate and continuous control is in operation for all activities affecting product quality. Where specific regulatory requirements affect our processes, our procedures and instructions will be designed or revised to meet such requirements. Sanborn employs methods and techniques that foster continuous improvement and good business practice. Sanborn places an emphasis on problem prevention rather than dependence on detection after occurrence. Every effort is made to perform operations and quality-related activities correctly the first time. The Quality Management System includes a formal review of the parameters affecting product quality from conception to contractual fulfillment. Whenever necessary, corrective and preventive actions are implemented to ensure continuous improvement. Responsibilities Sanborn staff members are aware of what they are authorized to undertake and are responsible for achieving. This is ensured by documentation of responsibilities and authorities in specific procedures. All employees are responsible for following applicable policies, procedures, and work instructions. Additionally, every employee has the responsibility and authority to: Initiate action to prevent the occurrence of any nonconformities relating to product, process, and the Quality Management System Identify and record any problems relating to the product, process, and the Quality Management System Initiate, recommend, or provide solutions through designated channels Control further processing and delivery of products until the deficiency has been corrected City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 53 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Ensure that the City’s source materials and other property, including intellectual property, is logged, utilized, stored, and returned in a controlled manner Roles and Responsibilities of the City Sanborn proposes that the City’s roles and responsibilities under this program will be to: Coordinate and communicate with Sanborn Process all contractually-related documents in a timely manner Review Sanborn’s flight plans and related documents, and provide comments or approval in a timely manner Respond in a timely manner to requests for information, data, and meetings or conference calls Perform reviews and quality control checks of interim and final deliverables in a timely manner and communicate the results to Sanborn Review and pay Sanborn’s invoices in a timely manner. Communications Management Customer communication and status reporting is the most important aspect of project management. The continuous communication between Sanborn and the City will provide insight to the project process and eliminate gaps in communication on technical and schedule issues. Sanborn has a proven method of communication with our customers, and will review with the City the best method to ensure constant contact throughout the project lifecycle. Communication requirements will be incorporated and documented in the work plan. The specific requirements for each project are unique; therefore, the tracking and reporting tools and procedures necessary for effectively managing the project are established specifically for the City’s project and maintained throughout the term of the contract. Meetings and Conference Calls Meeting minutes from project team meetings and conference calls will be produced and distributed by Ms. Harding. These minutes shall include descriptions of the issues discussed during the meeting, their resolutions, and the necessary follow-up. All project records, including correspondence, reports, invoices, and specifications, will be maintained in the project files by Ms. Harding. Project Status Reporting Sanborn is committed to successful internal performance management and to providing customers with easy access to the status of their projects. We accomplish this by using a variety of proven tools. Project Status Reporting is one of the most critical aspects of communication for large projects with many players and variables. As a result, Sanborn utilizes four primary technologies to provide update information about the project to the City, including real-time web-based tracking reports. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 54 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. 1. Written Status Reports – Ms. Harding will submit a weekly Project Status Report to provide project team members with a common understanding of the important issues, procedures, and goals associated with the project. The report summarizes project activities completed over the past reporting period and those planned over the next similar time period. Information addressed in the Project Status Report includes the following: Major activities completed during the most recent reporting period Summary of data production status, including but not limited to listing of data accepted by the City and the status of the City’s review of delivered data Description of current project issues and procedures Activities to be completed over the next reporting period Data production forecasts for the next reporting period List of requested action items List of outstanding issues/action items 2. Status Calls – Weekly status calls can also be held with the City to coordinate project activities and to review open issues noted in the status report. Exact times will be established with the City during the project initiation meetings. It is the Sanborn project manager’s responsibility to facilitate this call, document new actions, address the status of open issues, and assign action items. A sample agenda is as follows: Major issues and action items completed for a specified time period Critical issues and actions not completed and their potential impacts including, but not limited to, the City’s review of deliverables and the schedule for source data delivery Production status Action items for next reporting period Upcoming action items and questions 3. Web-Based Reporting / Program Status via Sanborn Flight Analyst™ – Sanborn recognizes the importance of enabling our clients to gather information on the status of their projects during acquisition. Being able to anticipate deliveries and to gather information on your projects status without relying on project management or production personnel can be very important (if not critical) at times. Understanding this need, Sanborn developed a system that provides our clients with the ability to view the status of their acquisition projects through an Internet connection. The Sanborn Flight Analyst™ is Sanborn’s method of visually tracking projects internally while at the same time allowing our clients to view the status of their projects. This browser-based viewing system allows clients to check the status of their projects at any time. The Sanborn Flight Analyst™, which is strictly for viewing City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 55 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. purposes, is accessible via the Internet using standard web browser. No additional client-side software is required. Our Program Manager will ensure the Sanborn Flight Analyst™ website is updated on a daily basis for acquisition. The web-based online status viewer will reflect a status for each tile or block as appropriate. Information posted to the status reporting site includes the progress for aerial imagery acquisition. 4. Web-based Collaboration Site – Our proposal assumes we will develop a project website to be accessible through our internal Intranet as well as the Internet. This tool will facilitate communication, document control, and standardization of procedures for both internal and external project /task management. This website will be designed specifically for the City’s project, and confidentially secured by user login and password. Project home pages provide hyperlinks to project reference documents, specifications, productivity and quality data, project status reports, technical support requests, and can be the primary mechanism for distributing status reports. Instituting this for the City would greatly improve project communications and tracking. This technology will benefit this project and the City by: Providing easy distribution of project updates, alleviating total reliance on email, faxes, etc. Providing summary and detailed level reporting, as well as sorting information by category. Quality Control Sanborn will follow its proven ISO 9001:2015-certified processes to ensure that all contract materials are delivered in accordance with the City’s requirements. Our key is a system that identifies any problems early in the workflow. Quality control validation points are inserted into the overall program process at key points and quality assurance protocols are completed prior to submission of deliverable products. Sanborn has established key quality audit points in the data creation process. Checks of work products immediately following a key process step provide the opportunity to ensure that the data at that point are of acceptable quality for input to the next process step. Any data found defective is immediately returned to the previous step for correction or recollection. Listed below are several key steps that will be initiated at the beginning of the project to support our Quality Plan: Sanborn will conduct a QA/QC technical work session with appropriate City representatives. This work session will be conducted during the initiation phase of the project. It will enable us to make sure that potential QA/QC issues are adequately addressed by Sanborn. Sanborn will designate a Quality Assurance Manager. Sanborn will review the City’s formal acceptance criteria for the final deliverables. We understand that the samples delivered as part of the pilot/prototype phase of this program are an integral part of understanding the acceptance criteria and ensuring they are met. Results of the pilot project will refine production guidelines for full production and creation of final deliverables. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 56 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. A detailed Quality Plan will be developed to be used in concert with the acceptance criteria. This document will include all checklists and forms to be used for quality reporting. Sanborn will conduct internal meetings with our managers and staff to ensure all team members have a full understanding of the project and quality control steps. Training sessions will be conducted as appropriate. Sanborn will also conduct an internal pilot program. This pilot will serve to test our QA/QC process and to make any necessary revisions as appropriate. The goal of this phase of the program is to implement a QA/QC program that is robust, comprehensive, and complementary of the procedures employed by the City. Sanborn has provided a comprehensive description of our ISO 9001:2015-based quality control procedures following each production step in our workflow in the technical approach above. Please see our technical approach for a specific description of quality control procedures for each key step of our production process. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 57 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 4 – Scope of Project Summary of Deliverables Sanborn will provide a copy of all deliverables as outlined in the table below. All data will be quality controlled and in full compliance with the standards and specifications set forth by the City in the RFP. Summary of Deliverables Deliverable Description Ground Control Field Survey Report Sanborn will submit a comprehensive survey report documenting the survey in PDF format, and an Esri Geodatabase file with all of the coordinate data. Flight Plans Sanborn will deliver the final flight line map/photo index with photo centers in Esri Geodatabase and Adobe PDF formats. Aerial Triangulation Sanborn will provide a fully-indexed AT report that will provide a narrative description of all aspects of the AT phase, tabular information for ground control and check point results, and appendices including full AT solution printouts. An Adobe .PDF version of the report and a Microsoft Excel file with the point coordinates will be provided as well. Digital Orthophotography Sanborn will provide a copy of all orthoimagery tiles at the desired spatial resolution of 3-inches in .TIFF/.TIFW format, and Radiometry will be 4- band, 8-bit per channel RGB/NIR. Mosaics 1-foot or 6-inch mosaic will be provided for the entire project area DEM Sanborn will provide a copy of the updated digital elevation model created for use in orthorectification in Esri Geodatabase format. Building Outlines Sanborn will provide a copy of the building outline data in Esri Geodatabase format. Metadata Sanborn will provide FGDC compliant metadata for the project in the format of the City’s choosing. Project Documentation Sanborn will provide a copy of all required project documentation including reports regarding aircraft and camera operation, calibration reports, QA/QC reports, and management & administrative documents. Deliverable Media Final data will be delivered on USB External Hard Drives. DVD 2.0, 4.7 GB single sided (4.3 GB usable) disks or FTP download is also available for interim deliverables, such as pilot data sets. Sanborn will also provide a WMTS and WebApp service for the early delivery within 14 days of imagery collection. The WebApp will be delivered for quality review by the County. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 58 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 5 – Related Experience with Projects Similar to the Scope of Services Sanborn has a demonstrable track record of success on large, complex orthoimagery, and photogrammetric mapping projects throughout the United States. The company has extensive experience in the States of Montana surrounding region, including projects for the USGS, USDA, City of Helena/Lewis and Clark County, MT, City of Bozeman, MT, Rapid City, SD, Sioux Falls, SD, City of Casper, WY, City of Cheyenne/Laramie County, WY. Sanborn has completed ortho imagery related programs for the entire states of South Dakota, Wyoming and Kansas. Sanborn’s aircrews are highly familiar with the airspace system in Montana, and know how to navigate safely and efficiently within its boundaries. They have the relationships needed to gain access to the sensitive and restricted areas. They know the terrain and local weather patterns, and how to structure mobilizations to take maximum advantage of the limited time window in which to collect leaf-off imagery. Sanborn understands the challenges of performing airborne data acquisition in the State, most notably, the short seasonal window of opportunity between snow clear and leaf-on conditions, combined with the potential scarcity of weather conditions sufficient to allow collection of quality aerial imagery. Related Experience The below table documents some of Sanborn’s major programs completed over the past 6 years. Sanborn Recent Large Program Experience Project Scope Fee Completion Date Commonwealth of Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP) Orthoimagery, Lidar, Planimetrics, Contours, Land Cover Mapping $12 million December 2016 Denver Regional Council of Governments (DRCOG), CO Orthoimagery $0.6 million December 31, 2019 Gwinnett County, GA Orthoimagery, Lidar, Planimetrics, Contours $4 million January 9, 2020 January 18, 2020 (separate contracts) Mississippi Ortho Program Orthoimagery $0.7 million Ongoing Oklahoma City, OK Orthoimagery, Lidar, Planimetrics, Contours $0.5 million November 2015 Pikes Peak Geospatial Alliance (PPGA), CO Orthoimagery, Lidar, Contours, DEM Update, Emergency Response $1.8 million Ongoing Pima Association of Governments (PAG), AZ Orthoimagery, Lidar, Contours $2.6 million December 2015 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 59 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Sanborn Recent Large Program Experience Project Scope Fee Completion Date Qatar Petroleum Nationwide Asset Mapping Program Orthoimagery, Oblique Imagery, Planimetrics, Contours, 3D structures. $5.9 million May 2017 Santa Clara County, CA Orthoimagery, Oblique Imagery, Change Detection, Cloud Hosting, Lidar $0.9 million Ongoing Southwest Pennsylvania Commission Orthoimagery $0.5 million April 2017 State of Arkansas Orthoimagery Orthoimagery $1.27 million January 18, 2020 State of Connecticut Orthoimagery, Lidar, True Orthos, Planimetrics, Contours, 3D Buildings from Lidar, Oblique Imagery $3.7 million May 2017 State of Florida, Department of Revenue (FLDOR) Orthoimagery, Ground Control Survey $1 million Ongoing State of Michigan MISAIL Orthoimagery, Lidar $5 million February 9, 2020 State of North Carolina Orthoimagery $2.3 million December 2017 State of Texas, Department of Information Resources (TX DIR) Orthoimagery, Lidar $1.4 million Ongoing United States Geological Survey (USGS), Geospatial Products and Services Contract (GPSC3) Lidar $8.4 million Ongoing Washington, DC, OCTO Orthoimagery, Lidar, Oblique Imagery, Planimetrics, Contours $0.5 million September 2015 Association of Central Oklahoma Governments (ACOG) Ortho and Plan $0.5 million March 6, 2019 City of Bozeman, Montana Ortho and Plan ~$119,900 Multiple projects from 2012 through 2015 City of Casper/Casper MPO, Wyoming Ortho, Lidar, and Plan ~$447,900 Multiple projects from 2010 through 2016 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 60 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 6 – Statement of Qualifications Sanborn’s experience with and ability to manage complex orthoimagery programs is due in no small part to significant investments in human resources. The Sanborn team of over 130 geospatial technology, management, and administrative professionals possesses an enviable resume of project experience, significant educational credentials, and registration from government agencies and leading industry associations. Sanborn offers the State an exceptionally qualified project team. Sanborn employs some of the most talented and dedicated individuals in the mapping industry. Our highly-trained staff includes certified photogrammetrists, registered land surveyors, survey technicians, pilots, sensor operators, photo interpreters, photogrammetric technicians, CAD operators, image processing specialists, remote sensing technicians, computer programmers, and GIS design professionals. Their knowledge and experience ensures that clients are provided with high-quality products and services based upon state-of-the-art solutions that are delivered on time, on budget, and in full compliance with the required specifications. The following table provides an overview of certifications and licenses held by Sanborn’s personnel. Licenses, Certifications and Degrees Count Certified Photogrammetrist (CP) 6 Geographic Information Systems Professional (GISP) 4 Project Management Professional (PMP) 6 Certified Mapping Scientist (CMS) Lidar 2 Certified Mapping Scientist (CMS) GIS/LIS 1 Certified Mapping Scientist (CMS) Remote Sensing 1 Certified Survey Technician (CST) 1 Certified Floodplain Surveyor (CFS) 1 Professional Land Surveyor (PLS) / Registered Land Surveyor (RLS) / Registered Professional Surveyor (RPS) 7 Professional Photogrammetric Surveyor (PPS) / Surveyor Photogrammetrist (SP) / Registered Professional Photogrammetrist (RPP) 11 Professional GIS Surveying (GIS Surveying) 2 Professional Surveyor and Mapper (PSM) 1 Doctorate Degree (PhD) 1 Master Degree/Graduate Studies 10 Registered Engineer-in-Training (EIT) 1 Microsoft Certified Professional (MCP) 2 Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE) 1 FAA IDLE Certification for ACs 150/5300-16, -17, and/or -18 4 Total 62 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 61 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 7 – References Representative projects that demonstrate Sanborn’s ability to deliver projects of this size, scope, and complexity are provided on the following pages, including contact information. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 62 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Reference: City of Sioux Falls, South Dakota The City of Sioux Falls (City), population of nearly 150,000, is located on the Great Plains of South Dakota along the Big Sioux River. In 2004, 2008, and 2017, the City contracted with Sanborn to perform detailed photogrammetric mapping services as part of the City’s GIS update plan. The main objective of the program was to provide high quality, high- resolution digital orthophotography and detailed planimetric/topographic features to efficiently manage the City’s operations. In addition, the City utilized a variety of products produced from the projects for planning, assessment, and resource analysis. Project Scope The 2017 project entailed the acquisition of color aerial imagery at 3-inch resolution meeting 1”=100’ (1:1200) scale accuracy, a lidar derived, hydro enforced, digital terrain model (DTM) data collection meeting USGS QL2 specifications, and planimetric feature capture (structures and impervious surfaces) for the City’s service area. In addition, the compiled topographic data will be utilized to support the production of digital orthophoto imagery and 1-foot contour mapping. To ensure that the new resulting mapping met accuracy requirements, the City provided Sanborn with the geodetic survey network to control the photography. In addition, the ground control data was supplemented with airborne GPS that was collected during the photographic imagery collection mission. Observing all control data as input, Sanborn completed fully analytical aerial triangulation calculations and evaluations. All project data was referenced and produced according to the UTM, Zone 14 Coordinate System in units of the U.S. Survey Foot. The horizontal and vertical datum corresponds with NAD83 (93) and NAVD88 respectively. Technical Specifications Ortho Delivery Digital Orthorectified images in GeoTIFF format and ERDAS Imagine files Project-wide MrSID and individual tile MrSIDs Elevation Data USGS QL-2 .LAS Format Classified lidar data (no check points) Digital Terrain Model (bare-earth) in Esri grid format Digital Elevation Contours with attributes of index and intermediate values in Esri Geodatabase format Building outlines and Impervious Planimetrics Digital copy must be a project-wide Esri Feature Class in a file geodatabase Building footprint feature class in Esri Geodatabase format Impervious surface polygons Metadata Documents compatible with the FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Contact Name Shannon Ausen, P.E. Project Manager Phone (605) 367-8607 Email sausen@siouxfalls.org Customer Name City of Sioux Falls, South Dakota Address 224 West 9th Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 Project Term February 2017 – December 2017 Project Value ~$224,000 Project Area 131 square miles City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 63 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Reference: City of Edmond, OK Orthos 2018 In March 2016 and February 2018, Sanborn was selected as the vendor for the City of Edmond, Oklahoma, to support data acquisition needs related to digital orthoimagery, planimetric mapping, and topographic mapping. The total project area was approximately 127 square miles and projected to the Oklahoma NAD83 State Plane Zone 3501 coordinate system. Project Background In the spring of 2015 and 2020, Sanborn was contracted to acquire imagery and lidar data for the City of Edmond as part of the Central Oklahoma Alliance of Government Agencies 2015(COAGA 2015) and 2020 (COAGA 2020) project. In the spring of 2016, the City of Edmond, OK contracted Sanborn to acquire imagery and lidar to support the creation of orthoimagery, DTM, contours and planimetrics. In the spring of 2018, the City of Edmond, OK contracted Sanborn to acquire imagery and lidar to support the creation of orthoimagery, DTM, contours and planimetrics. The City of Edmond’s goal is to have a complete up-to-date accurate digital ortho data set for the entire project area as well as updated planimetric and drainage-enforced contour data sets for the City of Edmond. Project Scope Sanborn was responsible for the acquisition of imagery/lidar, placement of ground control/checkpoints, aerial triangulation, Digital Terrain Model™ development, orthoimagery, orthoimagery mosaics and metadata. Sanborn was also responsible for hydro flattened DTM to support 1-foot contours, update of planimetric data including features such as centerlines, buildings, parking lots, sidewalks, etc., and the new collection of planimetric features such as buildings, fences, pavement, hydrology, etc., where existing data did not exist. The project encompassed several products: Aerial Acquisition – Sanborn used the Leica RCD30 digital sensor for all data acquisition during the Spring of 2016. In the Spring of 2018 Sanborn collected the imagery with the Eagle Ultracam sensor. Lidar – Aerial lidar was provided at 1.4 Aggregated Nominal Point Spacing (ANPS) commensurate for QL3 specification. Orthoimagery – A set of leaf-off imagery was produced at resolution of 3-inch. The newly acquired lidar bare earth DTM was used to generate the orthoimagery throughout the project area. Orthoimagery file format - All orthoimagery was delivered as uncompressed TIFF./TFW format. Additionally, a City-wide MrSID mosaic was provided. Planimetrics – Road edges (paved, unpaved, sidewalks and trail centerlines), driveways, parking lots, buildings including building heights, vegetation, and hydrology features were some of the features updated in stereo from the newly acquired leaf-off imagery. Buildings, fences, pavement and hydrology were some of the features collected as new features for areas that did not have existing planimetric data. Contours – 1-foot contours were generated, from lidar developed DTM FGDC compliant metadata FEMA specified checkpoints as a report Contact Name Antonio Adolphues GIS Coordinator Phone (405) 359-4333 Email Antonio.Adolphues@edmondok.com Customer Name City of Edmond, OK Information Technology Department Address 1273 N Broadway Edmond, OK 73034 Project Term January 2015 – May, 2016 March 2016 – June 2017 February 2018- February 2019 Project Value ~$186,000 Project Area 127 square miles City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 64 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Technical Specifications Tiling Single schema provided by City, no overlap, tile-based .prj files, edgematch seamlessly in horizontal & vertical; tile size an integer multiple of the cell size of deliverables DTM Bare earth DTM, hydro-flattened, Esri geodatabase and Auto CAD .dwg Planimetrics Esri Geodatabase format Updated features: Road edges (paved, unpaved, sidewalks and trail centerlines), driveways, parking lots, buildings including building heights, vegetation, and hydrology features New features collected: Buildings, fences, pavement and hydrology Contours 1-foot contours generated from lidar derived DTM with spot heights in ArcGIS Geodatabase and AutoCAD .dwg formats. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 65 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Reference: Pierce County, WA, Orthophotos and Impervious Surface Update Project Pierce County, Washington (County), contracted with Sanborn in July 2011 to complete the acquisition and production of orthophotography for the county, and produce a geodatabase of impervious surface updates for selected areas. In addition to this project, Sanborn provided orthoimagery, topographic, and impervious surface data to the County in December, 2008, and was reselected to perform additional work for the County in 2014, which concluded in 2015. Most recently, Sanborn was awarded another contract with the County to perform orthophotography and building feature updates. The purpose of the contract is to develop an orthophotography database that aligns with the existing County orthophotography database. Orthophotography is used by multiple departments and external partners to review property records, promote economic development, maintain environmental standards, plan construction and transportation projects, and promote public safety. Project Scope In 2011, the County’s project encompassed an 867-square-mile area. Sanborn collected new aerial imagery, targeted existing ground control points, updated the County’s DEM, and produced digital orthoimagery. The orthophotography was 6-inch resolution, 4-band imagery and the horizontal accuracy met the National Map Accuracy Standard of 1 inch = 100 feet, with a relative accuracy to the existing 2008 County orthophotography of ±1.5-feet. The digital orthorectified images were delivered in uncompressed GeoTIFF format, as a seamless mosaic at 6-inch pixel resolution and resampled to 1-foot pixel resolution. The data for both resolutions were edge matched and non-overlapping. Sanborn also updated specified planimetric impervious surface features reflecting changes that have taken place since the County’s previous mapping project. The impervious surface update area encompassed approximately 657 square miles. The horizontal accuracy met NMAS 1”=100’, and aligned with the 2008 impervious surface data. The impervious surface data was delivered in a file geodatabase suitable for inclusion in Esri ArcGIS software with feature classes by categories as required by the county’s specifications. In 2014, Sanborn provided orthoimagery, topographic, and impervious surface data to the County; the additional work concluded in 2015. For the latest contract, awarded in 2017, the primary scope of work includes acquisition of multi-spectral ortho imagery rectifications for an 802 square mile area, with options for planimetric building outline update mapping. Sanborn is providing a copy of all deliverables as outlined in the list below. All data is quality controlled and in full compliance with the standards and specifications set forth by the County. Summary of Deliverables: Digital Orthorectified Images: Edge-matched, non-overlapping tiles at 0.5-foot or 0.25-foot pixel resolution based on the tile scheme provided by the County and registered to the existing County orthophotography database. DEM Update: Update bare-earth DEM for proper orthorectification and 2-foot contour generation. Additionally, a feature class delineating areas of update in an Esri ArcGIS format. This delivery should also includes updated breaklines and 2-foot contour vector lines Contact Name Brandy Riche GIS Services Coordinator Phone/Fax (253) 798-4929/ (253) 798-6680 Email briche@co.pierce.wa.us Customer Name Pierce County, Washington Address 615 South 9th Street, Suite 100, Tacoma, WA 98405 Project Term 2011 – 2012, 2014 – 2015, 2017 – 2021 Project Value $875,996.46 Project Area ~867 square miles City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 66 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Planimetric Data: All plan data provided in a file geodatabase suitable for inclusion in Esri ArcGIS software and register to the existing County database. Quality Control/Feedback Tool: Sanborn is providing our web-based GeoServe Quality review tool until final acceptance is provided. Progress Reports: Progress reports are provided by email on a weekly basis for aerial photography acquisition until delivery of the pilot project and bi-weekly thereafter until the project is complete. Metadata: Complete FGDC-compliant metadata is provided for all data in an XML format. Project Report: A final project report summarizing the flight acquisition, orthorectification process, building footprint update and DEM update, quality control and assurance, and deliverables City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 67 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 8 – Present and Projected Workloads The combination of Sanborn’s extensive hardware collection, commercial and proprietary software, and personnel who are experts in their fields, serves to uphold our position as a leading provider of geospatial services and products. Sanborn’s earned value management (EVM) environment, in addition to multiple supplementary tracking systems, enables integrated management of the entire project lifecycle. This project management and production tool is used to develop and track all project resources and the schedule throughout the life of the project, from design and proposal development, to implementation, and change management. Project schedules and resource allocations are modeled in the EVM as early as the proposal stage, then developed and maintained over the entire life of the project. For the City’s program, as the collection and processing moves through the timeframes, updates to the EVM allow Sanborn to reallocate resources if necessary and to direct additional assets to cover equipment failures, weather problems or changes in the capacity plan as a result of changes in the collection activity. Sanborn has the ability to assume the significant scale of the City’s project with our available resources and key personnel. Sanborn’s current and anticipated workloads do not directly conflict with the City’s acquisition and production window. Sanborn actively tracks total capacity, capacity against existing workload, and capacity against existing workload with new anticipated programs; and, performs six- to twelve-month look-ahead analyses in order to adjust for variation in the need for production resources proactively and dynamically, and ensure that resource adjustments do not need to be made in “crisis mode” in order to ensure schedule compliance. Below are graphs documenting our EVM resource analyses. The graphs show significant capacity for airborne data acquisition, airborne GPS/IMU processing, image processing (pre-rectification), compilation/GIS (DEM ingest and update), aerotriangulation, and imagery post processing (orthorectification). Based upon this analysis, Sanborn has plenty of capacity to take on the proposed scope of work. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 68 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 69 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 70 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 9 – Key Personnel Sanborn’s experience with and ability to manage orthoimagery programs is due in no small part to significant investments in human resources. The Sanborn team of over 130 geospatial technology and management professionals possesses an enviable resume of project experience, significant educational credentials, and registration from government agencies and leading industry associations. Sanborn offers the City an exceptionally qualified project team with many years of experience in digital orthoimagery production. Sanborn employs some of the most talented and dedicated individuals in the mapping industry. Our highly trained staff includes certified photogrammetrists, pilots, aerial photographers, cartographers, photo interpreters, stereocompilers, GIS/CADD technicians, image processing specialists, computer programmers, and GIS design professionals. Their vast experience and close attention to detail ensures that the most effective aerial photography and digital mapping solutions are developed in a cost-effective manner. Key Personnel Sanborn uses established, cohesive teams that streamline the production process significantly. Under this approach the project benefits from the synergy of a proven team, which is critical to achieving maximum efficiency for cost-effective solutions. Sanborn’s staffing structure ensures that project requirements are met. We select project team members based on the following criteria: Goals of the City Project management experience Reliability in meeting schedules Technical expertise Commitment to quality The City’s project will be completed out of our main production facility and corporate headquarters located in Colorado Springs, Colorado. The technical managers and production staff all work together in a single facility, which creates the ideal conditions for effective communication and productive workflows. Also of note, we have several Certified Photogrammetrists on staff, which will help ensure the City’s products conform to the required mapping standards. The following organizational chart highlights key project personnel and their expertise. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 71 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Subcontractor Overview To increase Sanborn’s capacity and resource base, Sanborn has partnered with Shandong Eastdawn Corporation (Eastdawn) for optional Ortho Production Support. Subcontractor Management For any project that utilizes subcontracted services and products, it is essential to have an experienced subcontract manager, subcontractor SOW, and a subcontract management plan. Sanborn’s ISO 9001:2015-certified processes make certain these documents and personnel are in place is to ensure purchase orders are properly executed, providing the appropriate controls to meet the program schedule, budgets, and technically compliant services and products, and to review the progress of the subcontractor and subcontract management activities. Shandong Eastdawn Corporation Established in November 2001, Shandong Eastdawn Corporation (Eastdawn) is a global geospatial data production and remote sensing company providing comprehensive spatial information solutions for both commercial and government customers. Eastdawn is a subsidiary of Beijing Eastdawn Information Technology Co. Ltd., headquartered in Beijing, and is one of the largest privately owned geospatial data production companies in China. Eastdawn is a leading international geospatial service provider with established clients in Asia, Europe, South America, Africa and North America. As a Class-A surveying and mapping company certified by the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, the company serves its customers across a wide range of geospatial services including GIS, lidar City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 72 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. and photogrammetry from space, airborne and terrestrial data sources. Based in Jinan, Shandong Province, Eastdawn has sales offices in China, Japan, Europe and the USA. The company is highly customer focused, providing superior levels of service for its clients. Eastdawn offers high-quality, customized data processing services through their specific large- scale intellectual information processing system. In the data application sector, Eastdawn possesses a solid technical background and a broad range of project implementation experience, such as multi-source data processing, mass spatial data management, and geographical 3D visualization and analysis. Eastdawn obtained a Class-A Surveying and Mapping Certificate from the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (SBSM) in 2008. Resumes The following are resumes of Sanborn’s proposed key personnel. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 73 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Yvonne Harding, GISP, SC GIS Surveyor Operations Director/GIS Manager Ms. Harding has over 20 years of experience in many phases of digital mapping and orthophotography production, and is currently the GIS Team Manager for the entire organization as well as the Operations Director for Sanborn’s Charlotte, North Carolina, location. Ms. Harding’s responsibility is to supervise, facilitate, and ensure quality standards are met for each mapping project. Ms. Harding utilizes multiple GIS software, such as ArcGIS, MicroStation, and AutoCAD, for quality control verification. Project Experience North Carolina Statewide, Center for Geographic Information and analysis (CGIA), North Carolina, January 2014—Present. Ms. Harding was the production supervisor for this project between 2014 and 2017; verifying overall quality and driving internal production schedules to meet project milestones. For the 2018 and 2019 programs, Ms. Harding has been the Project Manager for this program; responsible for design, acquisition, production and delivery. For this project, Sanborn has been contracted by CGIA to produce over 17,246 square miles of 6-inch, 3-band, 8-bit, digital orthophotography in GeoTIFF and MrSID formats between 2014 and 2019, covering the following counties: 2014: Avery, Mitchell, Yancey and Madison 2015: Macon, Clay, Swain, Graham and Cherokee 2016: Carteret, Craven, Greene, Jones, Lenoir, Onslow and Pamlico 2017: Franklin, Nash, Edgecombe, Vance, Warren, Halifax and Northampton 2018: Davie, Davidson, Forsyth, Rowan, Stokes, Surry and Yadkin 2019: Gaston, Lincoln, Cleveland, Rutherford and Polk City of Edmond, Oklahoma, March 2016—Present. Ms. Harding was the GIS supervisor for this project; responsible for the overall quality on this project. Sanborn was contracted by the City of Edmond, Oklahoma, to provide planimetric update and 1-foot contour mapping for approximately 127 square miles in both 2016 and 2018. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, February 2015—Present. Ms. Harding has been involved in the production, project support and supervision of the services we have provided to UNC since 2003. The latest completed project with this customer was the 2015 Update Aerial Survey. This Aerial Survey was performed to produce high resolution digital orthophotography with 1/8th of a foot (0.125-foot) pixel resolution followed by new Education BS, Earth Sciences—University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 1998 Affiliations and Certifications Geographic Information Systems Professional (GISP)—GIS Certification Institute, No. 60209, 2008 Professional GIS Surveyor—South Carolina, No. 24118, 2004 Integrated Distance Learning Environment (FAA IDLE)—Level 3 Training for FAA Advisory Circulars AC 150/5300-16A – AC 150/5300-17B – AC 150/5300-18B, No. FAAIDLE20121130-256, 2012 American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS)—Member, 2011 Geospatial Information & Technology Association (GITA)—Member, 2011 Urban and Regional Information Systems Association (URISA)—Member, 2009 Professional Education/Seminars 3D Scanning Surveys, McKissock, 2018 FEMA/NFIP Floodplain Management, McKissock, 2016 Developing Web Apps with ArcGIS API for JavaScript, Esri, 2015 Public Data, Public Access, Privacy, and Security: U.S. Law and Policy, AICP, URISA, 2015 ISO Internal Auditor, Sanborn, 2012 Airports GIS Workshop, ACC, FAA, 2012 FAA IDLE Training, FAA, AC 150 5300-18 Survey Data and GIS Standards, 2012 GIS for Surveyors, Professional Development Seminars, 2010 GPS Projects, Professional Development Seminars, 2010 Advanced Analysis with ArcGIS, Esri, 2006 Building Geodatabases II, Esri, 2004 Creating and Managing Geodatabases, Esri, 2001 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 74 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. planimetric and topographic mapping at 1”=50’ with one- foot contour interval. Currently in 2019, Sanborn is under contract to perform digital orthophotography with 1/8th of a foot (0.125-foot) pixel resolution followed by updated planimetric and topographic mapping at 1”=50’ with 1-foot contour interval. Ms. Harding is the project manager for this current program and is responsible for design, acquisition, production and delivery. Gwinnett County, Georgia, November 2013—Present. As GIS supervisor, Ms. Harding was responsible for GIS QC and delivery of updated planimetric and topographic data for 1:100’ scale mapping for approximately 458 square miles in Gwinnett County. Sanborn’s performance led to the award of additional years of updating projects. Loudoun County, Virginia, July 2014—Present. As GIS Supervisor, Ms. Harding was responsible for GIS QC and delivery of updated 1:2400 scale, 4-foot contour interval planimetric and topographic mapping. Cherokee County, Georgia, January 2016—August 2019. Ms. Harding was responsible for project management for this multi-year contract from 2018-2019. Previously, she provided project support and supervised the ortho production and lidar derivatives for this 6-inch, 3-band orthoimagery and QL3 Lidar project. Arkansas Statewide Orthoimagery Program, Arkansas, January 2017—January 2018. Sanborn was contracted to perform acquisition and processing of new 4-band (Red, Green, Blue, Near-Infrared) for orthoimagery throughout the State of Arkansas at 1-foot (30cm) resolution (approximately 54,000 square miles of coverage). In the first year of the contract (2017), the State opted to obtain an additional 3,498 square miles of imagery upgraded to 6-inch (15cm) resolution for select urbanized areas. Ms. Harding performed project support for this project. Onslow County, North Carolina, February 2017—August 2017. As GIS Supervisor, Ms. Harding was responsible for GIS QC and delivery of updated building footprints. Connecticut Statewide, Capital Region Council of Governments (CRCOG), Connecticut, April 2016—December 2016. Ms. Harding was the GIS supervisor for this project; verifying the final QC and topology check this project and all additional City buy-ups as listed below. For this project, Sanborn was contracted by the State of Connecticut to provide statewide coverage (approximately 5,100 square miles) of 3-inch orthoimagery, QL2 Lidar, and 1-foot and 5-foot contours. The aerial imagery was collected in the spring of 2016. Additional services included: ground control surveys to support the project, aerial triangulation to tie the new aerial photography and verify the ground control, new 3-inch, 4-band, 8-bit, RGB/NIR digital orthophotography tiles in GeoTIFF and MrSID formats, new QL2 USGS-compliant Lidar for the entire state, a new bare-earth, hydro-flattened DEM to support orthorectification and contour production, a new 1-foot and 5-foot contour data set and MrSID orthomosaics for each town. Listed below are several municipalities, organizations and companies that procured database development through this CRCOG Spring 2016 Statewide GIS Acquisition and Services buy-up program: Connecticut Water Company Town of Enfield The Mohegan Tribe of Connecticut Town of Cromwell Town of Ellington Town of Haddam Town of Ledyard Town of East Haddam Southern Connecticut Gas Company (SGC), Connecticut, December 2016—December 2017. SGC was in the process of implementing an Esri ArcGIS-based Geographic Information System (GIS); this system used the digital orthophotography and data sets created by Sanborn through the Capital Region Council of Governments (CRCOG) spring 2016 Statewide GIS Acquisition and Services buy-up program (as listed above). SGC contracted Sanborn to provide a geodatabase design, perform prototyping, a pilot project and planimetric City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 75 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. data extraction to develop an Esri ArcGIS planimetric database and MicroStation .DGN CAD file set for features in a 594.4 square mile project area. Ms. Harding was the GIS supervisor this project; verifying the final quality assurance and control and the generation of the metadata for this project. March Air Reserve Base (ARB), Riverside, California, October 2016—May 2017. Sanborn collected Obstacle/Obstruction data for all ground and elevated features that penetrate the Airspace surfaces and clearance for March ARB. Sanborn acquired this data by using aerial photography and aerial lidar data to produce an Airfield Obstruction Survey for the airfield and surrounding area, with mapping products, including ground elevation contours, tree canopy points and GIS products with orthorectified aerial photography, 3D buildings, and prints. Oblique imagery was also collected for this project with 2.5-inch resolution. Oblique images were delivered together with the Sanborn Oblique Analyst® viewer software. A terrestrial scan of 5 hangars was also performed and 3D LAS files produced. Ms. Harding was the GIS supervisor for this project; verifying the final QC and topology check for project. Grissom Air Reserve Base (ARB), 12 Miles North of Kokomo, Indiana, October 2016—May 2017. Sanborn collected Obstacle/Obstruction data for all ground and elevated features that penetrate the airspace surfaces and clearance for Grissom ARB. Sanborn acquired this data by using aerial photography and aerial lidar data to produce an Airfield Obstruction Survey for the airfield and surrounding area, with mapping products, including ground elevation contours, tree canopy points and GIS products with orthorectified aerial photography, 3D buildings, prints, oblique imagery and the Sanborn Oblique Analyst®; and a terrestrial scan of 6 hangars. Ms. Harding was the GIS supervisor for this project; verifying the final QC and topology check for project. Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP), Virginia, November 2013—December 2016. As GIS Supervisor, Ms. Harding was responsible for GIS QC and delivery of a variety of planimetric and contour products across the state. Datasets were delivered in Esri shapefile or GDB formats. Nantucket, Massachusetts, June 2014—November 2014. Responsible for GIS QC and delivery of 1”=40’ scale, 2-foot contour interval planimetric, topographic and orthophoto mapping. Greater Bridgeport Regional Council, Bridgeport, Connecticut, November 2013—June 2014. Responsible for GIS QC and delivery of planimetric data for 1”=50’ scale mapping, including annotation contours. Also responsible for creating, editing and QC’ing topographic data. North Carolina Department of Transportation, North Carolina, September 2000—Present. Under an open-ended contract to perform mapping services for various roadway projects throughout the state, Ms. Harding performs quality control of MicroStation design file format topographic mapping and Geopak DTM data to ensure conformity to NCDOT’s Mapping Standards. City of Baltimore, Maryland, May 2008—August 2009. Ms. Harding oversaw the production of planimetric and 1-foot/2-foot contour update mapping and performed quality control verification using the ArcGIS PLTS extension. Oconee Nuclear Station, South Carolina, March 2010—June 2010. Ms. Harding oversaw the production and QA/QC of planimetric and DTM stereo-collection to support 1”=50’ scale, one-foot contour interval topographic mapping, and 0.25-foot pixel resolution orthophotography of approximately 2,000 acres. Beverly Municipal Airport, Massachusetts, June 2012—October 2012. Ms. Harding supervised the collection of 1”=200’ scale planimetric mapping and obstructions via stereo-collection to conform to FAA AC 150 5300-18B Survey Data and GIS Standards, and development of DEM collection to support orthophotography to conform to FAA AC 150 5300-17 Imagery Standards. Hartness State Airport (KVSF) Springfield, Vermont, September 2012—November 2012. Ms. Harding supervised the collection of 1”=50’ scale one-foot contour interval topographic mapping of the 238 acre ALP area. The planimetric features included 3D buildings, runways, taxiways, airport parking outlines, runway and taxiway pavement markings, paved/unpaved roadways and parking areas, utility poles, vegetation and hydrology. In addition, obstruction mapping of the 14,310 acre area was performed to conform, to Part 77 specifications. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 76 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Charleston Air Force Base, South Carolina, May 2011—November 2011. Ms. Harding supervised the production of obstruction mapping for Runways 15/33, 3/21 and 6/24 based on approach surfaces defined in UFC 3-260-01 for Class B. Charlotte Douglas International Airport, North Carolina, March 2010—October 2010. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=50’ scale planimetric and DTM mapping to support 1-foot contours for As-built Survey of Runways 36L/18R and 18C/36C to conform to NSSDA-FGDC standards. Greenville Spartanburg Airport, South Carolina, March 2011—December 2011. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=100’ planimetric and DTM mapping to support 5-foot contours for a 3,766-acre land use study area. Beaver Valley Nuclear Power Plant, Shippingport, Pennsylvania, 2012. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=100’ scale planimetric, DTM and topographic mapping delivered in AutoCAD format using Sanborn’s standard schema. Perry Nuclear Power Plant, North Perry, Ohio, 2012. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=100’ scale planimetric, DTM and topographic mapping delivered in AutoCAD format using Sanborn’s standard schema. Davis–Besse Nuclear Power Plant, Oak Harbor, Ohio, 2012. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=100’ scale planimetric, DTM and topographic mapping delivered in AutoCAD format using Sanborn’s standard schema. Grand Gulf Nuclear Station, Mississippi, November 2012—December 2012. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=100’ scale planimetric, DTM and topographic mapping delivered in AutoCAD format using Sanborn’s standard schema. Indian Point Energy Center, New York, November 2012—December 2012. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=100’ scale planimetric, DTM and topographic mapping delivered in AutoCAD format using Sanborn’s standard schema. Vermont Yankee Nuclear Plant, Vermont, November 2012—December 2012. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=100’ scale planimetric, DTM and topographic mapping delivered in AutoCAD format using Sanborn’s standard schema. Beaufort County, South Carolina, April 2012—July 2012. Ms. Harding supervised the orthophotography of the 826-square mile countywide project. Pixel resolution for the project was 0.5-foot. Mapping scale was 1”-100’ for the project. Blacksburg Quarry, Cherokee County, South Carolina, December 2012—January 2013. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=100’ scale two-foot interval contour mapping in AutoCAD format. In addition, she performed the volumetric calculations for the quarry’s inventory purposes. Cape Girardeau Quarry, Missouri, December 2012—January 2013. Ms. Harding supervised the production of 1”=100’ scale, two-foot contour interval planimetric, DTM and topographic mapping in AutoCAD format. In addition, she performed the volumetric calculations for the quarry’s inventory purposes. This project is usually updated annually for client. Work History Director of Operations/GIS Team Manager, Sanborn, Charlotte, North Carolina, February 2018—present. Ms. Harding is currently responsible for management of GIS mapping production for Sanborn, and for project management and mapping production in all phases for the Charlotte location. GIS Team Manager/Manager of Operations, Sanborn, Charlotte, North Carolina, May 2010—January 2018. Ms. Harding was responsible for management of GIS mapping production for Sanborn, and for management of mapping production in all phases for the Charlotte location. GIS Analyst, Sanborn, Charlotte, North Carolina, July 1999—May 2010. Ms. Harding has held multiple production roles including cartographic edit, orthophotography and GIS production. During this time she was responsible for quality control of cartographic edit and GIS products as well as training for production staff. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 77 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Srini Dharmapuri, PhD, CP, PMP, CMS-Lidar, PPS, SP, GISP Vice President – Chief Scientist Dr. Dharmapuri has 30+ years of program/project management experience in the United States and other locations in Lidar, Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing, and GIS Services. Dr. Dharmapuri supports various technology initiatives that Sanborn is currently exploring as a resident scientist and he also supports Technology Management, Program Management and Business Development for Sanborn. He previously served as MAEC’s Geospatial Director, as well as Lidar Scientist for Michael Baker International performing the role of subject matter expert and project/program management of various projects. Dr. Dharmapuri’s project experience includes FEMA, oil and gas, natural resources management, floodplain mapping, land use/land cover, transportation, and aviation projects. Project Experience While Dr. Dharmapuri has just recently joined Sanborn, he does have significant experience from his previous employment, some of which is highlighted below. Dr. Dharmapuri has expertise in developing winning proposals and worked extensively with Federal, State, and Local Government and commercial agencies from “start to finish.” He has been the Principal architect in conceptualizing, strategizing and executing business plans towards setting and building a business in this field with operations spread over USA and India. Dr. Dharmapuri has performed Program/Project Management for prestigious projects including Elevation Project for FEMA, and lidar and imagery projects for different state departments of transportation (DOT) and leading companies in the oil and gas market. He has been responsible for establishing an unmanned aerial system (UAS) program while at Michael Baker International and also developed a “Best Practices” document. Dr. Dharmapuri has been a Program Manager for the development of software in remote sensing, lidar and digital photogrammetry to move towards automation and to improve the efficiency of workflows. He has been a distinguished contributor for the Lidar Magazine and has published articles periodically. He provided inputs for technical specifications for lidar base mapping for the Land Records Management Division of North Carolina. Additional, specific project experience is detailed below: Runway 5L/23R Replacement Program, Raleigh-Durham International Airport, Morrisville, NC, 2017-2018. As Aerial Lidar Data Task Manager, he oversaw the aerial mapping portion of the project including collection of high resolution aerial lidar and imagery and creation of planimetric and topographic products. The Education PhD, Satellite Photogrammetry—Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India, 2006 MTech, Remote Sensing—Anna University, Chennai, India, 1985 MS, Physics—University of Madras, Chennai, India, 1983 Diploma, Marketing Management and Operations Research—IGNOU, New Delhi, India, 1997 Affiliations and Certifications Certified Photogrammetrist (CP)—ASPRS, No. R1347, 2008 Project Management Professional(PMP)—Project Management Institute, No. 1333949, 2010 Certified Mapping Scientist Lidar (CMS-Lidar)—ASPRS, No. L0012, 2017 Professional Photogrammetric Surveyor (PPS)—South Carolina, No. 24391, 2005 Surveyor Photogrammetrist (SP)—Virginia, No. 0408000142, 2010 Geographic Information Systems Professional (GISP)—GIS Certification Institute, No. 43865, 2010 Integrated Distance Learning Environment (FAA IDLE)—16A, 17B, & 18B Certifications ASPRS—Member ASPRS-RGLR Region—Past President ASPRS Mobile Mapping Committee—Chair Patents US Patent Number: 7,418,141, 2008–Method, apparatus, and computer-readable medium for identifying character coordinates City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 78 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. final products passed through a rigorous QA / QC process, and accuracy analysis was performed on the lidar products. SCDOT On-Call Photogrammetric Services On-Call Contract I-26 Aerial Mapping mm149-172 (P029938), Orangeburg & Dorchester, SC, 2017-2018. Task Manager for lidar data processing and accuracy analysis. Performed the lidar data classification and filtering and generated ground class and vegetation class. Also performed the accuracy analysis, using the provided check points and validated the vertical accuracy of the lidar data. The topographic mapping was performed to meet vertical accuracy of 0.05’-0.10’ on all paved surfaces (to include entrance and exit ramps) in conformance with Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Geospatial Positioning and ASPRS Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data. SCDOT On-Call Photogrammetric Services On-Call Contract I-95 Rehabilitation, Jasper County, SC, 2017-2018. As Aerial Lidar Data Task Manager, Dr. Dharmapuri planned, managed and supervised the execution of lidar data processing and accuracy analysis for an approximately 15.9-mile corridor of Interstate I-95 in Jasper County, SC, beginning at approximately mile marker 18 and ending at approximately mile marker 33. The topographic mapping was performed to meet vertical accuracy of 0.05’-0.10’ on all paved surfaces (to include entrance and exit ramps) in conformance with Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Geospatial Positioning and ASPRS Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data. SCDOT On-Call Photogrammetric Services On-Call Contract I-26 (mm 187-193) Widening, Berkeley/Dorchester County, SC, 2016-2017. As Aerial Lidar Data Task Manager, planned, managed and supervised the execution of lidar data processing and accuracy analysis for an approximate 6.3-mile section of Interstate I-26 in Berkeley and Dorchester Counties, SC, beginning at approximately mile marker 187 and ending at approximately mile marker 193. The topographic mapping was performed to meet vertical accuracy between 0.05’ - 0.10’ on all paved surfaces (to include entrance and exit ramps). Missouri Emergency Management Agency, Floodplain Management and Hazard Mitigation Planning Services, Statewide, MO, 2012-2013. Provided project management and QA/QC support for the elevation portion of the project. The project involved collection of 1,200 square miles of lidar data and 300 square miles of processing. Michael Baker provided a wide range of professional consulting services for floodplain management, hazard mitigation planning, and emergency management. Michael Baker's services include project management, floodplain studies, topographic surveys and mapping, floodplain mapping, development of flood insurance rate maps, hazard mitigation planning, grant administration support, floodplain construction permit reviews, website development, staff training, agency coordination, stakeholder coordination, and community outreach. Risk MAP R8FY11, 2010-2013. Provided overall project management and QA/QC of photogrammetric tasks including lidar acquisition and processing. Performed many duties including: preforming product validation checks to ensure the acquisition subcontractor’s imagery and lidar acquisition flights and deliverables were in compliance with program specifications; overseeing the lidar post-processing including classifying the lidar data's first and last return data points to remove vegetation and buildings for the floodplain areas; ensuring all production steps were preformed and all final deliverables were in accordance with the agency’s Procedures Memorandum No. 61—Standards for Lidar and Other High-Quality Digital Topography and USGS V13 specifications. Responsible for ensuring that all lidar tasks, both subcontractor and internal, were in compliance with Michael Baker’s ISO-certified lidar processing procedures. Planimetric Data Update for Impervious Mapping, City of Lancaster, PA, 2013-2014. As Project Manager, Dr. Dharmapuri’s responsibilities involved planimetric data collection and update. The process of updating datasets as opposed to a raw collection proved to have challenges which were overcome with specific Publications Dharmapuri, Srini. (2017, Oct). “High Resolution Aerial Lidar for Design Level Applications,” Lidar Magazine Dharmapuri, Srini. (2018, Jan/Feb). “Static Lidar as a Tool in Survey Related Projects,” Lidar Magazine Dharmapuri, Srini. (2018, June/July). “Evolution of Point Cloud – Part 1,” Lidar Magazine Dharmapuri, Srini. (2018, September). “Evolution of Point Cloud – Part 2,” Lidar Magazine Dharmapuri, Srini. (2017, March/April). “Landslide Analysis Using Multi Temporal Lidar Data,” Lidar Magazine Dharmapuri, Srini. (2015, May/June). “Lidar Fusion for Impervious Surface Mapping,” Lidar Magazine City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 79 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. workflows. The update involved adding, removing, and altering geometric features and their associated attributes in a quick and accurate manner both in a photogrammetric and GIS environment. Michael Baker updated geographic information system data regarding buildings, edge of pavement features, and recreational surfaces, and created planimetric data depicting sidewalk features to assist the city in mapping impervious features using photogrammetric methods. Michael Baker’s services included updates of shapefiles that had been captured and processed previously, and capture of the sidewalk features data. MDOT Surveying and Mapping Master Agreement, Statewide, MS, 2010-2017. Project Management responsibility in aerial imagery and lidar data acquisition, data processing and delivery of final deliverables. Responsible for quality of the intermediate and final deliverables. Under a master agreement for surveying, mapping, and photogrammetry services, Michael Baker performed surveys for a wide variety of transportation improvement projects, using state-of-the-art aerial and mobile lidar technology and photogrammetry techniques. California Water Service Company, Orthoimagery Impervious Surface Data Quality Assurance and Quality Control Review, Statewide, CA, 2014-2015. Performed the role of project manager and QA/QC for this project. The project had several components. Aerial Imagery QA/QC: Performed QA/QC and accuracy validation of the 3-inch resolution data covering the 600 square mile project area. Prepared a checklist for the QA/QC and performed the QC of the data. The project was completed within a tight schedule as the data was required impervious mapping QC. Impervious mapping QC: Performed the accuracy analysis of the data, which involved creation of a confusion matrix for the each of the districts which was used as an indicator for the pass/fail status of the impervious data. Lidar Floodplain Data Acquisition and Processing, Clear Creek County, CO, 2014-2015. Responsibilities included project management and QA/QC. Michael Baker provided aerial lidar data collection for 900 square miles and processing services for a flood plain area of 56 square miles for the Denver area. Michael Baker’s services included aerial lidar data acquisition, lidar data processing, lidargrammetry for generating break lines, and digital elevation model development. Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities, Aerial Mapping of Alaska Highways, Parks/Elliott/Dalton Highways, AK, 2011-2014. Responsible for various products that were developed for lidar data covering various locations along the Parks Highway between mileposts 163 and 305. Performed an accuracy assessment of lidar data as compared to the survey control to ensure prescribed tolerances are met. Triangular irregular network (TIN) files generated from the topographic data were validated with respect to survey control. Michael Baker provided professional services to acquire aerial mapping along stretches of the Parks, Dalton, and Elliott Highways in Alaska. The state required engineering quality 2-foot topographic contours and TIN datasets. Michael Baker provided lidar acquisition with simultaneous GPS base station control; conducted initial quality control (QC), preliminary processing, and accuracy assessment of lidar data; generated TIN files; performed validation to survey control; produced 2-foot contour topographic data; and provided final QC and deliverable assembly. Work History Vice President – Chief Scientist, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., Colorado Springs, CO, February 2019—Present. Responsible for management, leadership and direction of the research and workflow for imagery, lidar, and UAS projects. Also, responsible for business development and marketing of company services including writing technical proposals, estimating costs, professional presentations and attending conferences. Additional responsibilities include program/project management for signature projects. Director – Geospatial, MA Engineering Consultants, Dulles, VA, June 2017—February 2019. Responsible for management, leadership and direction of the research and workflow for lidar, photogrammetry and UAS projects. Office Manager for the Dulles office and responsible for growing business in the region. Responsible for business development and marketing of company services including writing technical proposals, estimating costs, professional presentations and attending conferences. Technical/Quality review capacity on all photogrammetric mapping and lidar projects by developing documented QC procedures and automated tools. Project/Program Management of large projects. Authored whitepapers and technical papers and presented in conferences and symposium. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 80 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Technology Development, Project Management and Operations Management Technical Manager, Michael Baker International, June 2010—June 2017. Subject matter expert in Geospatial technologies (lidar, remote sensing and photogrammetry for geospatial information technology (GIT) area with a role as a primary Michael Baker corporate point of contact for knowledge sharing and issue resolution for the GIT area. Successfully established and enforced engineering principles and procedures for the company and provided guidance and best practices and problem resolution throughout the service area. Successfully turned a department that had multiple clients returning unacceptable products into a department with 99% successful first time right deliveries by developing a robust Quality Control system. Responsible for acquiring and maintaining ISO certification for lidar processing. Successfully managed multimillion dollar government and private lidar and photogrammetry projects with consistent project management, estimating, client coordination and efficient production communication with the use of project SharePoint websites. Increased production output by 20% by streamlining the workflow. Streamlining was accomplished by implementing QC at workflow milestones. Business development and marketing support in writing technical proposals, estimating costs, presentation and attending conferences. Oversee production management for photogrammetry and lidar. Director, Geofiny Technologies, Wilmington, NC, April 2001—June 2010. P/L responsibility for the US operation and its subsidiary in India. Led RFP/RFQ responses, writing proposals, estimating cost, teaming with other potential companies and participation in the conferences. Project Management of photogrammetry/lidar projects involving flight map generation, planimetric/topographic compilation, ortho generation and final delivery. Project setup, production flow, quality control, and client relationship management for all mapping projects. Scientist/Engineer, Indian Space Research Organization, Department of Space, Nagpur, India, June 1986—April 2001. Project Manager for GCP-Library for WIFS and CARTOSAT satellites using GPS, and for WGS-84 Datum Establishment. Project Manager for design and development of suitable map projections at district, state and central level for GIS database creation towards Indian National Spatial Data Framework. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 81 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Deborah Barnes Senior GIS Analyst Ms. Barnes has more than 20 years of experience in mapping and data development, and has served as the Team Lead in the GIS and Photogrammetry departments. As the Senior GIS Analyst, she is responsible for training and implementing tools to increase Sanborn’s efficiency in meeting the USGS 1.2 Specifications for hydro production. Ms. Barnes has extensive experience in database management systems and spatial technologies on multiple hardware and software environments and the implementation of new technologies to improve end user productivity. Project Experience City of Edmond, Oklahoma, March 2016—Present. Responsible for QC and delivery on this project. Sanborn was contracted by the City of Edmond, Oklahoma, to provide planimetric update and 1-foot contour mapping for approximately 127 square miles in both 2016 and 2018. Loudoun County, Virginia, July 2014—Present. Responsible for GIS QC and delivery of updated 1:2400 scale, 4-foot contour interval planimetric and topographic mapping. GIS Base Map Update, Gwinnett County, Georgia, June 2013—Present. Responsible for GIS QC and delivery of updated planimetric and topographic data for 1:100’ scale mapping for Gwinnett County. Sanborn’s performance led to the award of additional years of updating projects. Connecticut Statewide, Capital Region Council of Governments (CRCOG), Connecticut, June 2016—December 2016. Responsible for the QC of lidar hydro-flattened rivers and water bodies, tiled hydro-flattened DEM, and lidar contours for the whole state of Connecticut. Anne Arundel, Maryland, April 2017—January 2019. Responsible for QC of lidar hydro-flattened breaklines, and tiled hydro-flattened DEM using USGS lidar spec 1.2. Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP), VA, November 2013—December 2016. Responsible for GIS QC and of a variety of planimetric and contour products across the state. Datasets were delivered in Esri shapefile or GDB formats. Qatar Petroleum, Qatar, September 2013—2016. Responsible for GIS collection, QC, and delivery of new and updated planimetric and topographic data for 15 cm scale mapping for Qatar Petroleum to map their oil and gas infrastructure. State of Michigan, MiSAIL Program, Michigan, June 2013—Present. Responsible for the delivery of hydro-flattened rivers and water bodies, and tiled hydro-flattened DEM for three areas. Sanborn was selected for several more counties for 2015 - 2017. Pierce County, Washington, September 2014—2016. Responsible for GIS QC and delivery of updated building footprints and surface contours. Tohono O’odham, Arizona, September 2014— September 2014. Responsible for the creation of 2-foot smoothed lidar contours. There were no corrections needed from the client. Greater Bridgeport Regional Council, Bridgeport, Connecticut, June 2013—2014. Responsible for GIS, QC, and delivery of planimetric data for 1:50 scale mapping, including annotation contours. Also responsible for creating, editing, and QC of topographic data. Area Council of Governments (ACOG), Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, May 2015—Present. Responsible for GIS QC and delivery of updated planimetric and new lidar topographic data for 1:150’ - 1:200’ scale mapping. Education Certificate, Noncommissioned Officer—United States Air Force Noncommissioned Officer Academy, 1994 Affiliations and Certifications American Council of Engineering Companies—Supervisor Skills I, Certificate, 2003 ASPRS Member 2015—present City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 82 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Hartford Area Governments, Connecticut, May 2015—Present. Responsible for GIS QC and delivery of new planimetric and lidar topographic data for 1:50’ scale mapping. State of Kansas LiDAR, Kansas, March 2012—October 2014. Responsible for the delivery of hydro-flattened rivers and water bodies, and tiled hydro-flattened DEM for three counties. The project accepted with few issues. Sanborn’s performance led to its selection for an additional six counties for 2013. Louisville and Jefferson County Metropolitan Sewer District, Kentucky, January 2013—Present. Responsible for the delivery of 922 square miles of hydro-flattened rivers and water bodies, and hydro-flattened DEM sufficient for 2-foot contours. This project was completed on time under a compressed schedule. Casper, Wyoming, May 2015—Present. Responsible for collection of hydro breaklines, hydro flattening of rivers and water bodies, and creating a hydro-flattened DEM and contours. Responsible for GIS QC of Planimetric Update of buildings and hydro features for 1:50’ scale mapping. South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, South Carolina, April 2011—February 2012. Responsible for delivery of GIS products, including hydro flattened DEM, for seven SC counties. Increased production efficiency by 80 percent. Used python scripting to decrease the manual labor in pre-production of data. Trained other employees on hydro flattening tasks by implementing the use of tools developed internally. American Samoa Villages, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), American Samoa, October 2011—November 2011. Responsible for creation of all GIS products from a combination of mobile lidar and other surveyed points to accurately map the ground up to 30 feet for tidal wave evacuation planning in seven villages that had been hard hit by the 2009 tidal wave. Work History Senior GIS Analyst, Sanborn, Colorado Springs, Colorado, February 2011—Present. Leads the creation of all products, training and tool implementation for the GIS department. Supervises, monitors, and trains processing technicians; schedules and coordinates projects; oversees production standards; coordinates project startups; provides technical support; assists GIS users; and performs quality audits. Senior GIS Analyst, Merrick & Company, Aurora, Colorado, May 1995—August 2009. Executed multiple projects as Team Project Lead, accomplished 95 percent accuracy and client satisfaction from data collected, coordinated and facilitated projects while learning new software and training others at the same time, managed quality control efforts, developed and documented procedures. Directed team performance on data compilation tasks, compiled data from orthophotos and satellite imagery, edited lidar, edited planimetric data and parcel mapping. Instrumental part of two teams that won annual quality awards. Imagery Intelligence Analyst, United States Air Force and Reserves, June 1986—April 1994. Analyzed information and wrote reports on sensitive intelligence data from imagery using both 2D and 3D compilation methods. Awarded Airman of the Quarter for outstanding dedication, initiative and professionalism and earned an Eagle Eye Award for superlative intelligence analysis. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 83 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Randolph (Randy) Jakus Senior Data Acquisition Technician Mr. Jakus has 12 years of experience overall in the Geospatial industry, with 6 years of that experience as a Data Acquisition Technician. As Data Acquisition Technician II at Sanborn, Mr. Jakus travels throughout North America and foreign countries to project locations to collect data (both optical and lidar). The primary function includes operating and monitoring optical and lidar systems for accurate data capture. Field-level data QC, back up/shipping of data, and completing logs & reports are also required. Additional on-site duties may include; basic surveying duties, Identifying ID points and layout control locations in coordination with the Land Surveyor, entry-level flight planning, and assisting with the coordination of various mission staff to accomplish flight acquisition plans. Project Experience Recent projects include: Santa Clara County, CA Orthoimagery and Oblique Imagery, 2016—Present Gwinnett County, GA Ortho/Lidar, 2018-2019 Central Oklahoma Alliance of Government Agencies (COAGA), OK Ortho, 2019 State of Michigan Lidar Program, Department of Technology Management and Budget, December 2014–2016, 2018-2019 Denver Regional Council of Governments (DRCOG), CO Ortho, 2016, 2018 Florida Department of Revenue (DOR) Ortho, 2018 Pikes Peak Geospatial Alliance (PPGA), CO, 2013—Present Hurricane Harvey Response, TX Ortho, 2017 Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD), FL Lidar, 2017 Work History Data Acquisition Technician, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., Colorado Springs, CO, March 2013— Present. Leads a two-man crew acquiring imagery and lidar data. Travels to project location as required, monitors weather over project location to ensure collection parameters are met. Operates and maintains imagery and lidar sensors to collect data efficiently and accurately. Performs initial QC of collected data and performs reflight collections as necessary. Imagery Technician, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., Colorado Springs, CO, February 2011 – September 2011. Responsible for transforming aerial photography for construction, processing and editing of geographic information using geographic information systems (GIS). Digital Imagery Project Coordinator, Analytical Surveys, Inc./The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., Colorado Springs, CO, April 1999 – March 2002. Responsible for the project setup and design, creation and maintenance of procedural documentation and the internal coordination of project schedules. Also responsible for resolving issues including resource requirements, budget, and scheduling. Coordinated with other departments regarding scheduling and delivery of project-specific tasks and data (AT, compilation, etc.). Digital Orthophoto Technician, Analytical Surveys, Inc, Colorado Springs, CO, May 1997 – April 1999. Responsible for transforming aerial photography for construction, processing and editing of geographic information using geographic information systems (GIS). Education BA, Geography—University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 1977 Computer Science Studies—Chapman College, Orange, CA, 1985 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 84 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Mark Kline Lead Pilot – Aerial Mapping Acquisition Team Mr. Kline has more than 20 years of experience in the aviation industry as a Professional Aviator, performing a wide variety of aviation operations. He coordinated defense services with civilian agencies for the United States Air Force for 18 years, and more recently served as a flight instructor at Edwards Air Force Base piloting over 1000 hours. Mr. Kline has also supervised all phases of aircraft maintenance. His knowledge of aircraft extends beyond piloting; his experience with coordination, maintenance, safety and training making him a valuable asset to Sanborn’s acquisition department. Project Experience As a Pilot for Sanborn, Mr. Kline operates aircraft for aerial photo and lidar data collection missions in support of photogrammetric and mapping projects. Below is a list of selected example projects: State of Michigan, MiSAIL Statewide Ortho and Lidar Program, Michigan, February 2018—Present. Ventura County Color Orthophotography and Oblique Imagery Services, California, February 2018—Present Gwinnett County, GA Ortho/Lidar, 2018-2019 Central Oklahoma Alliance of Government Agencies (COAGA), OK Ortho, 2019 Florida Department of Revenue (DOR) Ortho, 2018-2019 Santa Clara County, CA Orthoimagery and Oblique Imagery, 2018—Present Work History Lead Pilot, Sanborn, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 2019 – Present. Oversees aircraft and flight crew movement and coordinates with the acquisition team to achieve the highest quality and most efficient collection procedures possible. Works closely with the aircraft maintenance department helping manage data tracking and record keeping for an extensive fleet of aircraft ranging from single engine Cessnas to twin turbine aircraft. Maintains a high level of pilot training and continued education programs. Aerial Survey Pilot, Sanborn, Colorado Springs, Colorado, February 2018 – September 2019. As a pilot, Mr. Kline was responsible for directing onboard crew to ensure safe and efficient acquisition missions, and for successfully fulfilling aerial acquisition missions across the United States. US Airforce Flight Instructor FAR 141 Flight School, Edwards AFB, California, January 2016 – January 2018. Served as Flight Instructor and Classroom Instructor, piloting over 1000 hours. Served also as Director of Maintenance, overseeing all phases of maintenance for 9 aircraft. Manager of Technical Operations, Miles Electric Vehicles Inc., April 2008 – April 2014. Mr. Kline managed the Customer Service Department, which involved directly communicating with customers as needed, evaluating vehicle repair needs, developing a repair plan, and managing and documenting vehicle repairs (over 5000). He also oversaw the QA department and managed the company website for the IT department. Additional tasks included setting up Parts and Warranty accounts, approving warranty claims, organizing training seminars for fleet accounts, traveling for and conducting training and maintenance seminars, and training mechanics how to service and repair electric vehicles. Director of Maintenance, Azure Air, LLC, June 2006 – April 2008. Operator for Learjet 31A 135. Responsible for all phases of maintenance, and traveled with airplane to support flight missions. Education Associate of Science, Aviation Maintenance – Embry-Riddle Master of Science (pursuing), Aeronautics – Embry-Riddle Licenses and Certifications Flight Instructor CFI / CFII Commercial Instrument Pilot ASEL & AMEL FAA Inspection Authorization 11 Years Airframe & Powerplant License 21 Years FCC Elements 1&3 + Radar Endorsement Maintenance Training Certificates Learjet 31A (Flight Safety International) Boeing 757 ( UPS Airlines) McDonald Douglas DC-8 ( Airborne Express) City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 85 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Maintenance Manager, Nevada Air Transport, January 2006 – February 2008. FAR Part 91 Operations - HS 125-400A. Flight Mechanic responsible for all phases of maintenance. Line Mechanic, UPS Airlines, January 2001 – January 2002. Serviced, inspected, and repaired Boeing 727, 747, 757, 767 aircraft. Engine Run Qualified, Airworthiness Certified. Launch and Recovery. UPS 757 MX Fam Course. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 86 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Craig Laben Geospatial Data Manager/Image Processing Manager Mr. Laben has over 20 years of experience in remote sensing, GIS, image processing, geospatial analysis and geospatial product quality assurance. He has extensive knowledge of commercial and government satellite and aerial EO, MS, IR and radar imaging systems data and their applications. Mr. Laben has developed algorithms, techniques, processes and metrics to improve the image quality, accuracy and intelligence value of geospatial products. He also has experience in the processing and analysis of geospatial and natural hazards data for damage assessments, risk and vulnerability assessments and mitigation strategies. Mr. Laben has strong department management, project management and technical leadership experience, and has excellent analytical and problem solving skills. Project Experience North Carolina Statewide, Center for Geographic Information and analysis (CGIA), North Carolina, January 2018—Present. Mr. Laben currently manages the QC, image processing and color balancing of all acquired aerial imagery data for this program. Sanborn has been contracted by CGIA to produce over 17,246 square miles of 6-inch, 3-band, 8-bit, digital orthophotography in GeoTIFF and MrSID formats between 2014 and 2019, covering the following counties: 2014: Avery, Mitchell, Yancey and Madison 2015: Macon, Clay, Swain, Graham and Cherokee 2016: Carteret, Craven, Greene, Jones, Lenoir, Onslow and Pamlico 2017: Franklin, Nash, Edgecombe, Vance, Warren, Halifax and Northampton 2018: Davie, Davidson, Forsyth, Rowan, Stokes, Surry and Yadkin 2019: Gaston, Lincoln, Cleveland, Rutherford and Polk Gwinnett County, Georgia, November 2013—Present. Mr. Laben currently manages the QC, image processing and color balancing of all acquired aerial imagery data for this program. Arkansas Statewide Orthoimagery Program, Arkansas, January 2017—January 2018. Mr. Laben managed the QC, image processing and color balancing of all acquired aerial imagery data for this program. Connecticut Statewide, Capital Region Council of Governments (CRCOG), Connecticut, April 2016—December 2016. Mr. Laben managed the QC, image processing and color balancing of all acquired aerial imagery data for this program. Sacramento Color Orthophotography and Oblique Imagery Services, California, January 2018—Present. Mr. Laben currently manages the QC, image processing and color balancing of all acquired oblique aerial imagery data for this large oblique imagery program. This project is a collaborative purchase of the Education MS, Imaging Science—Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 1993 BS, Computer Science—Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 1986 AAS, Computer Science—Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 1986 Computer Skills Programming—MATLAB, Python scripting Remote Sensing and GIS Tools—Esri ArcGIS, ERDAS Imagine, ENVI, SocetGXP, Socet Set, RemoteView, QTModeler, ERMapper, Photoshop, LightRoom, OrthoVista, UltraMap, Global Mapper Publications C. Chiesa, P. Cower, C. Laben (2004, Jul). “Mapping Flood Risk and Vulnerability in the Lower Mekong Delta,” Esri Map Book Gallery Vol. 20 C. Laben, (2004, Mar). “An Asia Pacific Natural Hazards and Vulnerabilities Atlas Supporting Disaster Management Applications.” Pacific Disaster Center White Paper C. Chiesa, C. Laben, R. Cicone (2003, Nov). “An Asia Pacific Natural Hazards and Vulnerabilities Atlas.” Proceedings, International Symposium for Remote Sensing of the Environment (ISRSE), Honolulu C. Laben (2002, Sept) “Integration of Remote Sensing Data and Geographic Information System Technology for Emergency Managers and their Applications.” Optical Engineering, Journal for the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 9 Patents C. Laben, B. Brower (2000, Jan). “A Process for Enhancing the Spatial Resolution of Multispectral Imagery using Pan-Sharpening.” US Patent #6,011,875 R. Fiete, C. Laben (1999, Mar). “An Adaptive Process for Removing Streaks in Digital Images.” US Patent #5,881,182 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 87 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. acquisition and processing of 1,549 square miles of 3-inch orthoimagery and 990 square miles of 6-inch oblique imagery; both resolutions will have orthoimagery created from the oblique nadirs. Ventura County Color Orthophotography and Oblique Imagery Services, California, October 2017—Present. Mr. Laben currently manages the QC, image processing and color balancing of all acquired oblique aerial imagery data for this large oblique imagery program. This project consists of the acquisition and processing of 813 square miles of 6-inch orthoimagery and 1,084 square miles of 4-inch oblique imagery with orthoimagery created from the oblique nadirs. Central Coast Color Orthophotography and Oblique Imagery Services, California, October 2017—Present. Mr. Laben currently manages the QC, image processing and color balancing of all acquired oblique aerial imagery data for the large oblique imagery program. This project is a collaborative purchase of the following imagery services: 760 square miles of 12-inch orthoimagery, 478 square miles of 6-inch orthoimagery, 600 square miles of 3-inch orthoimagery, 108 square miles of 3-inch oblique imagery with orthoimagery created from the oblique nadirs and 325 square miles of 9-inch oblique imagery. US Cities Oblique Program, Multiple Cities Across the USA, October 2013—Present. Mr. Laben currently manages the Quality Control and delivery of all acquired aerial imagery data for Sanborn’s US Cities Oblique Program. He is responsible for ensuring that staffing requirements are maintained and that all project deliveries are made on-time and within budget, while making sure that all customer quality standards are being met. He is also responsible for identifying areas in the Image Quality processing work flows for improvement and making sure that process enhancements are developed, implemented and documented. In 2015 alone, over 3,000,000 images, encompassing over 8,300 square miles, were processed, reviewed, color balanced and successfully delivered to the customer. Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP), Virginia, November 2013—December 2016. Mr. Laben managed the QC, image processing and color balancing of all acquired aerial imagery data for this program. Washington DC OCTO Program, Washington DC, February 2015—February 2016. Mr. Laben was responsible for the QC, color balancing and enhancement of all orthophotography and oblique imagery collected for the Washington DC OCTO program. For this program, Sanborn flew lidar, orthophotography and oblique imagery simultaneously using three different sensors. This data was processed and combined to produce photogrammetric, GIS and imagery products. The oblique imagery was also delivered to the customer in Sanborn’s Oblique Analyst (SOA) viewing application. Maricopa County Orthoimagery Program, Maricopa County, Arizona, October 2013—September 2015. Mr. Laben was currently responsible for the QC, color balancing and enhancement of all color and NIR digital imagery collected at 3-inch, 6-inch and 1-foot resolutions for the County of Maricopa Program. McLean County Regional GIS Consortium, Illinois, February 2014—October 2014. Mr. Laben was responsible for the QC, color balancing and enhancement of all oblique imagery collected for the McLean County Program. He was also responsible for staging the data for implementation into the Sanborn Oblique Analyst viewing application and testing the application for completeness and accuracy. Lockheed Martin Corp., Goodyear, Arizona, June 2010—August 2011. Mr. Laben was the technical lead on a government contract and was responsible for developing image quality metrics that are currently being used to assess the quality and accuracy of national geospatial products. These image quality metrics include: visual ratings, local and global statistical analysis, geo-location and mensuration analysis, histogram analysis and metadata verification techniques. Pacific Disaster Center, Maui, Hawaii, October 2002—October 2004. Mr. Laben was the project lead for the design, implementation and deployment of the Pacific Disaster Center’s Global Hazards Atlas. The Global Hazards Atlas is an internet mapping application which can be used to display near real-time and historical natural hazards data around the globe. The Global Hazards Atlas may be accessed at: www.pdc.org/atlas. Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York, May 1998—January 2000. Under a government contract, Mr. Laben developed a Gram-Schmidt transform pan-sharpening technique that improved the spatial resolution of multispectral (MS) imagery using a higher resolution panchromatic image, but maintained the spectral characteristics of the MS imagery. Mr. Laben documented, submitted for, and received a patent for this City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 88 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Gram-Schmidt pan-sharpening technique. This algorithm is currently offered in both Esri’s ArcGIS and EXELIS’ ENVI remote sensing software packages. Work History Geospatial Data Manager, Sanborn, Colorado Springs, Colorado, October 2013—Present. Mr. Laben is currently the Image Processing Department Manager and oversees the day-to-day activities which include data ingestion, processing, color balancing and imagery QC for all aerial projects within Sanborn’s mapping operations. Mr. Laben is responsible for coordinating activities between the flight acquisition team and the production team and ensuring that image quality and accuracy standards are being met. Mr. Laben works with the GPS-IMU and Imagery QC teams to optimize workflows and to develop more efficient processes to improve data ingest and QC turn-around times and lower associated costs. Signal/Image Processing Engineer, Sr. Staff., Lockheed Martin Corp., Goodyear, Arizona, February 2005—August 2012. Mr. Laben was a member of the Geospatial Product Quality (PQ) group which performed geospatial product quality assurance and accuracy assessments on national remote sensing products/tools for various government and defense agencies. Mr. Laben was technical lead on multiple programs and was responsible for all PQ activities related to these programs to include: developing detailed test plans, assigning tasks, performing manual and automated regression testing, performing geo-location and mensuration accuracy assessments, identifying/logging/tracking issues, performing issue resolution and verification, and performing requirement verification. As a technical lead, Mr. Laben was responsible for ensuring that all projects were staffed appropriately and were completed on time and within budget. In addition, Mr. Laben developed Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), regression testing checklists and image quality metrics for the testing of baseline and Advanced Geospatial Intelligence (AGI) products. Sr. Imagery Analyst, Lockheed Martin Corp, Kihei, Maui, Hawaii, January 2001—February 2005. As a subcontractor, Mr. Laben was a member of the Data and Information Resources Division at the Pacific Disaster Center located in Maui, Hawaii. The PDC utilizes remote sensing and GIS data, impact modeling, risk assessment tools, and visualizations to provide emergency managers, decision makers and disaster management professionals with historical and real-time hazards information products. Mr. Laben coordinated with and conducted various remote sensing and GIS projects for local, state and federal emergency response agencies. Mr. Laben processed and analyzed natural hazards and geospatial data for risk and vulnerability assessments and mitigation strategies. He also was responsible for integrating real-time hazards data into PDC geospatial applications. Additionally, Mr. Laben tasked and trained PDC Imagery Analysts and GIS interns. Imagery Analyst, Eastman Kodak Co., Kihei, Maui, Hawaii, February 1999—January 2001. Mr. Laben joined the PDC in its early years as an Imagery Analyst, where he produced geospatial products for the disaster management community. As an Imagery Analyst, his duties included: base map imagery and GIS data collection, data processing and mosaic generation, metadata documentation and verification, database population, development of change detection techniques and products, damage assessments during and after a hazard/disaster event, geospatial product development, and post-event product generation. Project Engineer, Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, New York, December 1988—February 1999. Mr. Laben was a member of the Commercial and Government Systems Division’s Image Chain Analysis (ICA) group. Mr. Laben was an algorithm developer and conducted studies to improve the image quality of government EO, MS, IR and radar satellite data and products for both hardcopy and softcopy display. He developed numerous techniques and algorithms to enhance image quality and improve the intelligence value of imagery products to include: baseline image processing chain improvements, adaptive sharpening and dynamic range adjustment algorithms, data fusion and pan-sharpening algorithms, low light level imagery optimization, atmospheric normalization, and change detection algorithms. Mr. Laben obtained two patents on image processing algorithms that he developed while working in the ICA. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 89 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Doug Zehr, CP, SP Chief Photogrammetrist Mr. Zehr has 27 years of industry experience and is a member of Sanborn’s photogrammetric management team. His responsibilities include project planning and design, overseeing aerial triangulation, and the support of photogrammetric and lidar production processes. He also works with Sanborn’s business development group designing production processes. Project Experience Sacramento Color Orthophotography and Oblique Imagery Services, California, January 2018—Present. Mr. Zehr manages the Aerial Triangulation processes for both Oblique imagery and Nadir imagery. This project is a collaborative purchase of the acquisition and processing of 1,549 square miles of 3-inch orthoimagery and 990 square miles of 6-inch oblique imagery; both resolutions will have orthoimagery created from the oblique nadirs. Ventura County Color Orthophotography and Oblique Imagery Services, California, October 2017—Present. Mr. Zehr manages the Aerial Triangulation processes for both Oblique imagery and Nadir imagery. This project consists of the acquisition and processing of 813 square miles of 6-inch orthoimagery and 1,084 square miles of 4-inch oblique imagery with orthoimagery created from the oblique nadirs. Central Coast Color Orthophotography and Oblique Imagery Services, California, October 2017—Present. Mr. Zehr manages the Aerial Triangulation processes for both Oblique imagery and Nadir imagery. This project is a collaborative purchase of the following imagery services: 760 square miles of 12-inch orthoimagery, 478 square miles of 6-inch orthoimagery, 600 square miles of 3-inch orthoimagery, 108 square miles of 3-inch oblique imagery with orthoimagery created from the oblique nadirs and 325 square miles of 9-inch oblique imagery. Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP), VA, April 2007 – February 2008; April 2009 – August 2012; March 2014 – December 2016. Statewide orthophoto and DTM mapping program involving aerial photography collection, GPS surveys, AT, compilation, and orthophoto generation. Managed the Aerial Triangulation process for the program, beginning with statewide survey design and film based cameras in 2007, to state of the art sensors and program design in 2016. Oversaw accuracy assessment of products as ASPRS CP and Virginia Surveyor Photogrammetrist. Oblique Imagery Program, Customer Confidential, Multiple Cities, March 2014 – Present. Manages the Aerial Triangulation process for the program; overseeing sensor calibration procedures, software implementation, program design including participation in flight planning, survey planning and quality control. Works closely with the acquisition and production teams to resolve operational issues and improve efficiency. Education Graduate Studies, Geography, Physical Geography/Cartography – Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 1986 BS, Earth-Space Sciences/Math – University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 1984 Affiliations and Certifications Certified Photogrammetrist (CP) – American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS), No. R1021, 1997 Surveyor Photogrammetrist (SP) – Virginia, No. 0408000061, 2009 ASPRS – Member, 1987 North Carolina Local Users Group (NCLUG) – Member, 2013 Continuing Education and Seminars Photogrammetric Processing Workshop, ASPRS Webinar, 2013 Assessing Accuracy of GID Workshop, ASPRS Conference, San Antonio, TX, 2009 Intro to Open Source Workshop, ASPRS Conference, San Antonio, TX, 2009 Automated Linear Feature Extraction Workshop, ASPRS Conference, Portland, OR, 2008 Image Enhancement Workshop, ASPRS Conference, Portland, OR, 2008 Professional Airborne Digital Mapping System Workshop, ASPRS Conference, San Antonio, TX, 2006 Lidar Workshop, ASPRS Conference, Charleston, SC, 2004 IMU Workshop, ASPRS Conference, Washington, DC, 2002 Windows 2000 Server Training Course, Washington, DC, 2002 Lidar Workshop, ASPRS Conference, Washington, DC, 2000 Lidar Realm Training, Optech, Toronto, Canada, 1999 Orthophoto Training, Intergraph, Madison, AL, 1992 City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 90 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. State of Michigan Department of Technology Management and Budget, March 2014 – Present. Managed the Aerial Triangulation and DEM development processes for the orthoimagery program. Worked with the data acquisition and survey teams to ensure deliverables met desired accuracy and the required projection. Washington DC OCTO Program, Washington DC, February 2015 – February 2016. Managed the Aerial Triangulation processes for both Oblique imagery collected with the MiDAS camera system and Nadir imagery with the Leica RCD30 sensor. Worked closely with hardware/software vendors and the production team on developing a true ortho workflow for the orthoimagery base map. Maricopa County Orthophotos, Maricopa County, AZ, November 2007 – August 2012; March 2014 – September 2015. Color and NIR digital imagery collected at 3-inch, 4-inch, 6-inch and 9-inch resolutions. Performed AT, DTM update, and orthophotography. Florida Power & Light, Utility Mapping, FL, March 2013 – October 2013. Color ortho and oblique imagery to support mapping of 1,600 miles of transmission lines. Performed image QC, ortho and oblique production for PLSCADD model delivery. Pikes Peak Area Orthophotos, Colorado Springs Utilities, Colorado Springs, CO, March 2007 – December 2007, April 2009 – December 2009, March 2011 – December 2011, June 2014 – January 2018. Color and NIR digital imagery collected at 0.5-foot and 1-foot resolutions for 3,000 square miles. Performed image acquisition, GPS surveys, AT, DTM update, and orthophotography. Work History Chief Photogrammetrist/AT Manager, Sanborn, Colorado Springs, CO, 2014 – Present. Mr. Zehr manages aerial triangulation operations, and works with a team to support workflow for Sanborn’s large-format digital cameras and medium-format oblique sensors. As project designer, he works closely with the business development team and estimator to ensure technical questions, concerns, and strategies are disclosed and discussed. Mr. Zehr performs evaluation of software for production and works with development teams on strategies for process improvement. Production Manager, McKim & Creed, Raleigh, NC, 2012 – 2014. As production manager, Mr. Zehr established workflows and managed photogrammetric production for utility mapping programs. He worked closely with the regional manager on estimating, budget management, and scheduling, and provided customers with innovative technical solutions to satisfy needs utilizing existing datasets. Mr. Zehr was responsible for developing production workflows utilizing MIDAS RGB/IR sensors, Harrier 68i RGB sensors and VI Nadir RGB/IR and oblique sensors. This included field and office image processing, QC procedures, AGPS/IMU processing, orthophoto production, and delivery of nadir and oblique imagery in specific projections and formats. He resolved MIDAS sensor orientation issues allowing multiple offices (multiple software packages) to join production efforts. Aerial Triangulation Manager, Sanborn, Colorado Springs, CO, 2010 – 2012. Mr. Zehr managed aerial triangulation operations, and worked with a team to support workflow for Sanborn’s nine large-format digital cameras and facilitate data integration with lidar and photogrammetric sensors. As project designer/estimator, he worked closely with the business development team and project managers to ensure technical questions, concerns, and strategies were disclosed and discussed. Mr. Zehr consulted with project managers to ensure all projects’ technical specifications were correct and complete. He also participated in proposal meetings to discuss project specifications and to present alternate strategies when appropriate. Photogrammetric Department Manager and Photogrammetric Engineer, Sanborn, Colorado Springs, CO, 2006 – 2010. Mr. Zehr led aerial triangulation and compilation operations. In addition, he worked with a team to support workflow for Sanborn’s six large-format digital cameras and facilitate data integration with lidar and photogrammetric sensors. As project designer/estimator, he worked closely with the business development team and project managers to ensure technical questions, concerns, and strategies were disclosed Publications/Presentations Zehr, Doug. (2004, Aug). “Softcopy AT,” Geospatial Symposium, San Antonio, TX Zehr, Doug. (2002, May). “Ortho Production Techniques,” Alabama Association of Assessing Officials (AAAO), Muscle Shoals, AL City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 91 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. and discussed. Mr. Zehr worked on the design of specifications for the standardization of select products, and consulted with project managers to ensure all projects’ technical specifications were correct and complete. He participated in proposal meetings to discuss project specifications and to present alternate strategies when appropriate. Chief Photogrammetrist/Photogrammetry Department Manager, Atlantic Technologies, Huntsville, AL, 1999 – 2006. Mr. Zehr incorporated IMU technology with film cameras. He served as project manager of IMU bore sight. Tasks included project design and specifications, AT measurement and adjustment, and evaluation and analysis of resulting data. Responsible for establishing and supporting lidar integration within the photogrammetric workflow with input on accuracy standards, data collection routines, and automation. Assisted in establishing production procedures, quality assurance steps, and accuracy standards. Trained and supervised technicians. Provided AT adjustments of projects ranging from 5–3,000 images using Z/I and BINGO software. Production/Project Manager, Atlantic Technologies, Indianapolis, IN, 1990 – 1999. Mr. Zehr managed and supported photogrammetric and GIS mapping; maintained hardware and software proficiency, working with vendors and internal IT department to ensure PC and UNIX systems operated as designed; managed data archiving program, implementing digital tracking system for more effective retrieval; developed workflows to integrate film-based techniques with softcopy technology in AT and stereo compilation areas; managed production personnel (training and evaluations); consulted on marketing, estimating, project design, review, and evaluation of specifications and quality control; and managed 1”=50’ engineering scale: 1-foot contour mapping, county-wide mapping with digital orthos, and GIS mapping projects. Mr. Zehr was also responsible for project design and execution. Xiaopeng Li Ph.D CP PROFILE Xiaopeng has thirty years expertise in geomatics fields, including GIS, remote sensing, photogrammetry, surveying and mapping. He is a senior result-driven program and project manager in a multi-disciplinary environment working with many internal and external oversea partners/stakeholders. Xiaopeng has a solid academic background, strong analytical and problem solving skills, and well-built business acumen. He has excellent management and supervising experience in matrix organizations, proven communication (oral and written), presentation and organization abilities. Xiaopeng is a Canadian citizen living in Ottawa. EDUCATION - University of New Brunswick, NB, Canada, Aug.1999, Ph.D. (Geomatics – Photogrammetry, GIS and remote sensing); - Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping, China, Oct. 1990. M. Sc.E. (Surveying engineering); - Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping, July 1985. BA. with Honors in Surveying and Mapping. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Shandong Eastdawn Corporation, 2013 – Present Technical Advisor - Provides support to Eastdawn’s business development requirements in North America and works with clients and the China production teams to resolve any technical issues, either in the project design or production phase of the project. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2011 – Present Head, geospatial project liaison - Providing business leadership in the areas of client liaison and establishing relationships with AAFC, other federal and provincial departments and agencies and industries; - Overseeing the geomatics business process and supporting project portfolio management from inception to delivery; Intermap Technologies Corp, Canada, 1999 – 2011 Various positions including Technical programming manager, and Chief photogrammetrist and mapping scientist - Led the planning, implementation and management of projects and programs of traditional and non-traditional geospatial applications, such as GIS, remote sensing, environment management, and automotive; component products meet various business requirements. - Managed outsourcing of GIS geospatial data collection. Collaborated with subcontractors to develop standards, process workflows, guidelines, and quality acceptance criteria. - Acted as a technical authority for the company by writing, presenting and publishing technical/scientific papers and reports. - Managed several GIS projects from inception to completion, including desktop- and internet-based GIS visualization system. Tony Sheng, M.Sc. P.Eng. PROFILE Tony is responsible for data production and the company’s quality management system. He is a senior manager with financial responsibility. With over 9 years’ study and work experience in Canada, Tony obtained valuable knowledge of western culture, English language skills, professional engineer work ethics and project management skills. Tony is a Canadian citizen. EDUCATION - M.Sc., Department of Geomatics Engineering, University of Calgary - B.Sc., School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Shandong Eastdawn Corporation, 2014 – Present Director of Technology & Quality Assurance - Assist with organizational budget and strategy setup - Ensuring that proper procedures were in place and followed for delivering quality mapping products and services to customers - Evaluating the latest technologies for potential implementation in the production processes - Leading innovation, process improvement and workflow optimization efforts to gain efficiencies in the production procedures - Maintain and monitoring ISO9001 system inside the organization - Providing technical support to sales activities Shandong Eastdawn Corporation, 2012 – 2014 Production Manager - Managing daily production activities for international data division. Establish performance evaluation system for staff. - Train and promote technical staff to improve project performances. Projects cover photogrammetry compilation, GIS, orthophoto, 3D modelling and LiDAR classification etc. Focus Surveys Limited Partnership（Canada）2006 - 2012 Oil & Gas Geomatics| Project Manager - Managed and oversaw various survey engineering work carried out for Nexen Long Lake Projects. Created tracking records of large and complex projects. Successfully renewed a 3 year new contract with client. Work experience covers: • LiDAR planning and evaluation for core hole programs and disposition surveys • Corehole surveys • Disposition surveys • Engineering surveys (construction layout, volume tracking for subcontractors, as built survey etc.) • Ground disturbance monitoring and database maintenance • Engineering Design for Well Pad construction • Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) University of Calgary, Department of Geomatics Engineering, 2003 - 2005 TA&RA - Consulting service for GSD Canada for the environment impact analysis of natural gas exploration in the arctic. Feasibility study for replacing high precision leveling with GPS for deformation monitoring in the arctic. Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. (China Branch), 2001 - 2003 GPS Products Support Engineer AFFILIATION - The Association of Professional Engineers, Geologists, and Geophysicists of Alberta (APEGGA) City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 95 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 10 – Additional Information Sanborn does not have any additional information to include in this section. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 96 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 11 – Affirmation of Nondiscrimination & Equal Pay As required by the RFP, we are providing the completed and executed Attachment B, Nondiscrimination and Equal Pay Affirmation form on the following page. City of Bozeman Montana – Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 98 Confidential and Proprietary, © 2021 The Sanborn Map Company, Inc., ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Any and all graphics included in this response are for illustrative and representative purposes only and shall not be relied upon as depictions of the final deliverables. Section 12 – Cost Sanborn has prepared the following pricing based upon our understanding of the RFP and the technical description, specifications, deliverables, acceptance criteria and schedule (scope of work) provided in our proposal. As always, Sanborn is willing to negotiate the final project scope of work and related fees. Sanborn has provided pricing with both US-based labor only as well as a hybrid approach that uses some labor outside of the US. Both products will meet the same accuracy and schedule requirements. Further, all data will be quality controlled through Sanborn’s ISO QMS process. City of Bozeman, MT Pricing Scope of Work Area Size (Square Miles) Onshore Total Cost Onshore/Offshore Hybrid Total Cost 3-inch, 4 band Orthoimagery 78.7 $44,588.00 $39,532.00 Building Footprint Update Option 1 19.5 $5,013.00 $3,119.00 Building Footprint Update Option 2 78.7 $9,430.00 $3,486.00 City of Bozeman, Montana Request for Proposals (RFP), Digital Orthoimagery 1935 Jamboree Drive, Suite 100 Colorado Springs, CO 80920 1.866.726.2676