Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout2008-07-TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM 5.2 LC SPRING IMPROVEMENTS Technical Memorandum 5.2 Lyman Creek Spring Improvements July 2008 U 25 I MOMUSON 1883 -�P dd MMERLE ix. Prepared for: Prepared by: City of Bozeman Morrison-Maierle, Inc. 411 East Main Street 2880 Technology Blvd West Bozeman, MT 59715 Bozeman, MT 59718 Technical Memorandum 5.2 Lyman Creek Spring Improvements July 2008 s02F' U 2 d • - - • MORRISON 1883 dd MAIERLE,INC. Prepared for: Prepared by: City of Bozeman Morrison-Maierle, Inc. 411 East Main Street 2880 Technology Blvd West Bozeman, MT 59715 Bozeman, MT 59718 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5.2.1. INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................1 5.2.2. UNCAPTURED GROUNDWATER...................................................................3 5.2.2.1 Uncaptured Overflow ..................................................................................3 5.2.2.2 Uncaptured Drainpipe Area Flow..............................................................10 5.2.2.2.1 Ambiguities in Measurements.............................................................12 5.2.2.2.1 GWUDISW Considerations Upper Collector.......................................13 5.2.2.2.2 Collector Considerations.....................................................................13 5.2.2.3 Other Uncaptured Underflow.....................................................................14 5.2.2.3.1 Geologic Control...................... 15 ........................................................... 5.2.2.3.2 GWUDISW Considerations.................................................................18 5.2.2.4 Source Fluctuations ..................................................................................19 5.2.3. RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................................28 5.2.3.1 Upper Collector.........................................................................................28 5.2.3.2 Overflow Collection ...................................................................................29 5.2.3.3 Lower Collector Site..................................................................................31 5.2.3.3.1 Lower Collector Site Considerations...................................................31 5.2.3.4 Monitoring Plan .........................................................................................33 5.2.3.4.1 Short Term Monitoring Program .........................................................33 5.2.3.4.2 On-going Monitoring Program ............................................................34 5.2.4. CONCLUSION................................................................................................34 LIST OF FIGURES Figure1: Vicinity Map...........................................................................................2 Figure 2: Photo of inlet to overflow pipe above transmission line inlet..............................4 Figure 3: Overflow of 60 gpm on 11/9/2007......................................................................4 Figure 4: Overflow 3,700 gpm on 6/17/2008.....................................................................5 Figure 5: Existing Water System........................................................................ .7 Figure 6: Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building flows and uncaptured flow 3-foot weir. ......8 Figure 7: Photograph of trapezoidal flume during submerged conditions. ........................9 Figure 8: Potential diversions at upper site compared to water right. .............................10 Figure 9: May 8, 2008 discharge of 181 gpm into streambed at drainpipe. ....................11 Figure 10: May 8, 2008 discharge of 173 gpm from drainpipe........................................12 Figure 11: Longitudinal profile of upper Lyman Creek. ...................................................15 Figure 12: Location of groundwater inflow between CM-2 and Parshall flume. ..............17 Figure 13: Total potential groundwater diversion with all uncaptured groundwater. .......20 Figure 14: 2001-2007 seasonal fluctuations at the 3-foot weir........................................21 Figure 15: 2001-2007 seasonal fluctuations at the Parshall flume..................................21 Figure 16: 98 percent confidence interval flows at 3-foot weir. .......................................23 Figure 17: 98 percent confidence interval flows at Parshall flume. .................................23 Figure 18: Trends of Lyman Creek average flows at Parshall flume 1970-2007.............24 Figure 19: 98 percent confidence interval flows at Parshall flume 1970-2007. ...............25 Figure 20: Comparison of 1970-2007 and 2001-2007 confidence intervals....................25 Figure 21: Long-term trends in stream flow in the Gallatin River watershed...................27 i LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Drainpipe and overflow pipe discharge measurements. .....................................6 Table 2: Groundwater baseflow contribution to Lyman Creek below 3-foot weir. ...........14 u APPENDIX Appendix A: Monitoring Forms.......................................................................................A-1 ii 5.2.1. INTRODUCTION This report presents the results of an investigation of the City of Bozeman's Lyman Creek diversion and Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building for the purpose of identifying how to increase the flow of water into the plant up to the City's water right of 2,680 gpm and increase the reliability of that flow. Figure 1 is a vicinity map showing the location of the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building, the historic point of diversion on Lyman Creek, the current location of groundwater diversion at the head of Lyman Creek, and various locations on Lyman Creek where groundwater discharge and surface water flows were measured during this investigation. Historically, Lyman Creek was diverted by the City of Bozeman at surface water diversion located approximately 0.22 and 1.5 miles downstream from the source of water. The source of water is groundwater, discharging from the Madison Limestone through a large spring. The location of the spring is controlled by a fault that has displaced metamorphic rocks upward against the down-gradient end of a block of Madison Limestone that provides the source of groundwater storage released through the spring. The relatively impermeable metamorphic rocks block the down-gradient flow of groundwater through the Madison Limestone, causing the groundwater to pool in the limestone behind the dam of metamorphic rock. The groundwater level in the limestone rises above the elevation of the metamorphic rock dam, spilling over the metamorphic rock to emerge through the rock rubble and alluvium in the bottom of Lyman Creek as a large spring starting a few hundred yards upstream from the dam of metamorphic rock. The original surface water diversions were constructed approximately 0.22 and 1.5 miles downstream from the large spring and diverted water into the Lyman Creek Reservoir. The surface water diversion structure and associated raw water transmission line to the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building could divert essentially all of the surface flow, excluding seasonally high flows in the spring and/or large storm runoffs. Specifically, the surface water diversion structure and pipeline used in the past could divert all of the City of Bozeman's 2,680-gpm water right when the flow was available. In the early 1990s, in order to avoid treatment costs stemming from new surface water rules, the City began improvements to change the point of diversion to a subsurface collector system located at the source spring approximately 1.5 miles upstream from the original surface water diversion location. Two subsurface collectors bounded by sheet piles, were built into the alluvium and rock rubble to directly intercept and divert groundwater before it emerged through the spring zone. When the groundwater diversion was put into operation, the water treatment plant facilities had the capacity to treat flows equal to the 2,680-gpm water right on Lyman Creek on a seasonal basis. Subsequently, modifications made to the piping system in the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building reduced the hydraulic capacity of the plant to approximately 1,500 gpm so that part of the groundwater flow that historically was collected is spilled through an overflow at the point of diversion. 1 2 2 • w UJ . 4 w - gr f mow 1 i'�. . •z0 � , tt� � ' �\ 3i: � 1 . '.� Lail O QW zo } LL' r M W U l 4 _ to U l ) LLJ LL CL Lu a o z:oIL U; yY,777 a W 0! wi \ LLLU E f1 fr. f bF f d Q' Y • ? COLLI LLJ w cl� • Lu Z e t „ - Q L U D Q -j w O Q C/)` d vJ z W i W O w z U � - U L.LiQ J Q 0� LLI z w Z cn . �► X ee W w W a a Z) - - With the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building flowing at its maximum hydraulic capacity of 1,500 gpm, the maximum possible diversion rate under the current plant configuration, a substantial flow of groundwater discharges out of the source spring in the area between the two existing subsurface collectors and flows on downstream in Lyman Creek. The City of Bozeman initiated this investigation to determine how the flow through the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building can be restored to the original capacity of the 2,680-gpm water right and how to obtain the longest duration of the 2,680-gpm diversion from groundwater as possible. 5.2.2. UNCAPTURED GROUNDWATER Investigation of the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building and groundwater diversion system in the autumn of 2007 and the spring of 2008 identified the following sources of flow that are not captured by the current diversion and which can be used to increase the diversions to the existing water right flow of 2,680 gpm and increase the duration of that flow: 1. Groundwater discharge spilled through the overflow pipe at the inlet to the main '. transmission pipe to the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building is uncaptured groundwater flow that can be used to increase flow to the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building. 2. Groundwater discharging from a spring and a buried black HDPE corrugated pipe in the area between the upper and lower collectors for the existing groundwater diversion system is uncaptured groundwater that can be used to increase the flow to the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building. 3. An inflow of groundwater discharge into Lyman Creek 0.5 to 0.8 miles downstream from the existing groundwater collector system is uncaptured groundwater flow that probably represents flow that passes under the present diversion structures. 5.2.2.1 Uncaptured Overflow The City of Bozeman manually regulates the submergence of the transmission line inlet at the groundwater collector system to ensure that the inlet remains submerged so that air cannot enter the transmission line. Figure 2 is a photograph of the manhole at the inlet to the transmission line. The transmission line inlet and the outlets from the two groundwater collectors are submerged in the photograph and the 24-inch diameter ."" overflow pipe inlet is visible on the left side of the manhole. The overflow pipe discharges into Lyman Creek. Figures 3 and 4 are photographs of the discharge from the overflow pipe showing low overflow and high overflow conditions, respectively. 3 sD' -L O � _ 7 L _ (� xk O g L O , > E r'• - o (D 4d `C In CN co Q) a) i i - .. ..~.�'r..:F — .� 1'•'n' _ .tic• f � f�.: � �, •:sue-: -,�.. �, - ��, a • to �{� � ` , .. IF` The overflow is regulated manually by City of Bozeman personnel who use a flow control valve to restrict the flow into the transmission line so that the transmission line inlet remains submerged, thus preventing air from entering the transmission line. In addition to preventing air from entering the transmission line, the purpose of the manual regulation of the groundwater diversion is to maintain a constant flow through the plant so that the treatment processes can be operated at constant rates for extended periods of time at least a week at a time, if possible. The latter type of operation necessarily results in some spill of the available groundwater flow. Typically, the flow into the inlet is adjusted so that a constant flow will be maintained for approximately a week. The flow of groundwater spilled through the overflow is initially greatest when the valve is set and recedes in response to natural groundwater flow recession during the time until the next adjustment of the valve. The valve at the transmission line inlet must therefore be adjusted more frequently during times of rapid seasonal change in the groundwater flow rates and less frequently later in the year when groundwater flows exhibit a slower rate of recession. Groundwater discharges from a drainpipe and from the local streambed at a location between the upper and lower collectors for the existing groundwater diversion. The _ origin of the drainpipe is unknown; however, it was likely part of a construction site dewatering system installed during construction of the existing collectors. This location is referred to as "drainpipe" on Figure 5. The overflow pipe at the inlet to the main - transmission line dumps overflow water into the Lyman Creek streambed downstream from the drainpipe site, between it and a trapezoidal flume installed by the City of Bozeman (Figure 5). The flow of water through the trapezoidal flume therefore is the sum of groundwater discharge at the drainpipe and overflow from the transmission line inlet. The inflow around the drainpipe was measured separately from the spilled overflow at a current meter station (CM-1 on Figure 5) established between the drainpipe site and the overflow pipe. Table 1 summarizes the results of the measurements and shows the spill from the overflow pipe distinguished from the groundwater discharge into the Table 1: Drainpipe and overflow pipe discharge measurements. Calculated Trapezoidal Current Meter Overflow Pipe Flume Flow Site CM-1 Flow Spill Date m) WPM) m 9/28/2007 418 309 109 11/9/2007 354 305 49 5/8/2009 950 354 596 6/17/2008 4,300 618 3,682 6/25/2008 3,500 619 L 2,881 6 wLL g w z 0 11 X$ Z w cn xx X LaJ (V IX se vi a \ > CL \ f \ \'o C9 d z\Al L W \ W O �M \ zo O� O a z O� g n- w cn CN gt AA 60. _ 00 \ - 419 ttl $ • —� LL co a G � m D cr JZ 0 8 CD � W d 'x ':�i M LL • - • • • i r41104 • • • -• • •• • 11 r �ttt//tttttt/utttu/ttttoutt//ttttuttttattotttrttatt 2001 through11 ItltaEE-aEaama■EmaaaE maaE-mEEEOEEE-EalEMEa-OE MMma-amEEaEa -Ma-mEttMEMMMmM-a-EOM-aEttttt/tttttttttt//t/t/t/ttttttt/ -MEa-EE■MEEtttlltttlltttltttlt/t!!tt!!t/!!/atltttlttt!!t •111 IIMM-tma-tE---taOMEt-MEmaOMtM-MmEMmmIMOtEO-Et OEEM.MNOREEN Daily o ttttll tmmmtt laoo mttmNw tEEto tool tE-Ewt tEtto tttNo IMOMOMOaEEEO-MEMO-EEOM-E-MME---EEM-m--MOEO--aM-MEO■MEaaEa -MMOO-M-MEmMOMM-E--IM---E■Mincluding drainpipe area Inflow ama-M"MmmaM-OMO■MMO-mIM-O-O- IEt tttEEt tEttlm mowtE t-mmtt tto/t omEEt■/tttt ttNatt totEm MUNN MESON .spill fromoverflow• .- Il■Eaaaa■mamma-■-tmE■MEaa-0 a aaawamEElaaE--aEEOaam MEEmlm ►--- ___-Jlttaa/taattaaattattta t/talltaaatttattaattaME taataatMMMtaaat 111 tmmlmEtmwatEEtmlttttttmmttmmtttMtttEmtmEEtttEEtt ttttEm-ttmttmltllmtME WmEEttttttEE tttttmmomo-motm WtttOttmtttWtttmttmmtEMW WWEtmt ttEEttmEolNtt-mttmmtlEmtmtmWm■/tot --aEOmONOa-a--aa-amE-maaM-EE-MEE-mEEMm-aEOaaM-aa■-lam■MMEELEEamaEmaaaaaEEaEMEMaaE-a MOEE-lmEEIEEEIEEE■■a-MaammEEEMMM-aEEMaaEEMEE-aaEM-aEEEEaE-Ea■MaaamaaEEmaEEaEEEtEEEIa M-Oman MMENEMmammon mEm-mm E/NEENNEENNEEt omm mEmamm tttttttttEE-aOaMEMO-EOM-M---EO Mma-tl 11 MEt-u u--tl mammon ttaal-Mo-Mtm--tm--uttMtt-ttMMmtlaMtma-Emm-mEOMmtoEE tamtta tNaaO tttttt tttttttttttt WtttmtmtE-EtmtmttEmttEltttEEtttMttttWtotttttEmmttoEEWmottWttto M-EM-aE--aaaaEEE-mM-a-EEmaEM-MEE-E/-MEE--t■---aEMMaE-MmE-a-at--EEMMa--a-t--mEEMmEa-- MOMt-aMEaa--ME-mEMM-ME--aE-M-MMmEa-tart/EMM-Eta-tE/--MMMMNEEMENO-maa mEMEMmmatmwmm-mN EEM-mEM-maEMEaE-aEO-mEEM-EEMEEMMaaEO maEEma-amaE■MEat-M-E-EaEMalE-m■E-Ea-MEEEIEEEIalE ttMEEMMMMMMttmNtttm-mmmm tm-mtttmtmmE tElo-mMMmmaa-EommtwttmmmutmmEEltmttmmtt tttEta 111 ttttttmtmEWttttttttlmotMtttEttmttmNwmttmttttomtwoamOENtEttotmmolotttttmtttEo mE--Emmaama-tmEElEEaaEEEEMEIaMM-aEEEmEEEmE■--aaEMmEEtMEEtlaat-aE-a-at-Ea amaEElMaEama mEE-lau-mt-MEEM-EaltaE-tE--aaaMmaEM-Ea-MmEE-EEEMEEEMMEEtaEEt-EEamEE-MaE M-aa-EEEEMaa a-MOEaMmaEt-aM-NEMMIaEMaMEnEMEE-MM-aMMNOmmMm----wEE-NEEEMEMOEE---wM-EEE-NEM-lsaa-ME- 11 OlmttatmOMEE-EtmlaIMESONMNONEmtMESONM-ONEMtmamamMmmmmmMmm-mltE-tttMttO-Nt--tts-mmO-t WIEEtmmttt-lmmwM-mttttEE tEEttsWENItt MEtttmmME! tttttttttttt...EMEmtm-m-mmmwmmmmmmmm MOE!-maEEaaEtMEEM■mE--a-taaE-M■t-maEM-aEawEE-aEEMEtaaamaE--a-aamEMMlaE-aEMamEmMualE M--mMMMtma-Mta--tMMaata-Mt-t-MMM--M-aaM-M..M-MatEMM--a■Ma/at-MN-a-Ea MEMO -MaM--tMtl'am iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii.iiMENEM MENEM iiiiiiiiiiiui 111 mtmlmmmmmatEmtttmw ttmttEmoW-tttoltwo-mllIMEOEtM■oEam■EMOWttMttmttWtmtl tmttmmtmttat EEMEEEaIaaE-aEEamEEMala-mEEIaEMaaEEOmEE--IIEMIaaEMEMEMMEt-mlE MaEEamEE--aEMMEE-OEt-aaE M-M-EMmEO-EO■-EMEM-O-ttttttttt aat//tto/ aataattttattttttatatta t/ttttatata7 attttt t-mEaMm-aa-aOaEEE■maE-mEEMEaa7MME-mEE --1- EmaEraatEaME-aaMaaaE-aaatEE-HOME-aaaEal JMEaa-a � 11 MEMMMtMM-mE-mtEO-tt--Ea-tmOML.JMa-tM-tMm-t■M--mEOMmIO-\JO-mO■EtaEMMO-MOO MttO■.ItOM-Oa mmwmttltm-lttmEEEmtttMEEEttttL�mtEtmmmtElssttttEtttttNstttttNmttlmtmEEttt tttatlltttttt aE--Maa/aattaataalattattaaatlaltaat/lttarIN taaatt aaa/trrttta/ttaataaaattaatta/a:aataa/ M-mO-atOO-l----OOC'taa-OEM-O-•aiJ---IOM-mO11s tMEE-OM--t-1MME/-mmmmmmMmmmmm■mM-EM\'NO-M-w EEOEEO■EEa-mE--aEI.IMEE--aE-Ea[alrEEaaa tomEllMaMMEEEMw-a-Isms/tmamaaaataaatm!-tar?aaatma 111 MttEtttttm-m twtmmrl'tEtttm mEtmrlt Ittttlt ttttrlt m--EtttEtmEl�tmEwtEtttEtmtmEmtttattt•tttttt ....... ttttrlt l KENNmtammENmtmmmmtE wttlrmtmmmammmaammMmomE MEtms■tttttt IMMUNE E-m-r\m-a-aa taa-t1M I IEE-a-tNME-r'�E-tma MORE no sEEM-a E-OaEE M-EMEa MM-a\iL Jlaaam MaE-tMMalwt-m---m■MEMO O-Ewa-t1M 11mom M-OME-EMI--wE-OMt-O/[t-OmOOM-OOMmM-OEOE M-0 1MEM-wME aMENOEsIaEEa sa-a:■IEMEE-MEET lallwaOEMM-E--Ella--EMM-aEE••EamaEM-EEOMamwt-EO-aO11Monmoon 11 ttwmmr'mtmmmm mmmasl7wmatwttttuttlEt!twttmEENllamtmttEMRN■.Ewmo wmmt[7tmwtttmtEr r\E-tmt MtEOEt lmm-mm-mmmt■/7-MMEMEN•at11/:'wEO MEM"ar�WM-tNMOtmMr�l mom maur�••-lm-mtttmr•r, Itm-mt smamml!\-m-w-■aatsa\-aE--EE-■aEt1M�►.:--■Em-MEW 7aaE■MEE-M� 7EE--[if�.lE-m\a MEET JII-IEE- O-10�11\M--IOMa-O•IM sIn = MmO►'MmtlMmtlmmEm-mtM■mtnmm MmmEsr,Itr\a-O Mr,OEM7EML:wMMMt� Alms-- mom m._LJmEEI■a--E\ItL r1EOaE--rl-mrlsEIIOE■MMEEMmI\EI:7NMOMMO11116JlaEEII0IIaEAmOE.:�OaIIEM..Mm--a 111 mor•.4..mmtu tammuor..•.••■umuorlritrlmm umuur•mtlo Mar.. �E�v.MMm•tr/u lj no g.mall • •mEt OMEN A I MEMOttNtrlt Wtt...�■ttElru■'ntrlmtmtWEtN�►gltWr 7tt�w►d •.uorEtilOIt, \tEsal tl\�IEN■.J\ 7E EEEEEE[llama aEEl11E M-aMc ^EMIUE\I[a[I-mE--MEN__loss EE11mril sMul Ira--aatlr aaLq M-EMaM■;;-ouottluo-ar•1-s]-u as oaSEEM•r \r 5i ull-ur m7t ni r.\-nviao r . m M--aatmNlA�aEtlarA MEEEaE['t:•EaMClml IEEOEaa/. 7[m\ !II ItO11MEI L.Q fl It undo mn�ru/arJ.n[mu...Jaaa 11 o-r �vr---•�uor uuuuulowtowllAM1, 1 ••Ir/mt c nnniur\otr .ulrWLutur->a tm-mrm WMEL..- . �. JmNO-tEEmtaMNEI.]A WOMEN ar Wr•v r��..r�t1-l. IW tr7EEa ttl tOtl.ELJtaONYt►"7 mom aO-mE/-mIL.��a�l���It-aaEMOEE-EEEa/-MENERNMEM O1121,p Is ri• �E-\EM[IraEMtlEaa EM-tam'/Ea-ma mMam-amt-ataMO.Jaa m••^-��.�P-•7MO-[nE MENEM Ems M11M11a.JrrO-\MEs[OEMOIOOMIEa!May! -M�MENEMattar77 uiiiiEEim�v�MW-iiu oituirii:�Viiv:�W ar��r��mui omiqu uiiuiu'a•taMEuiiiiii■ • • -• • • • • •- • • • 1 • 11. •• • Figure 8 shows the same data as Figure 6 with an additional plot of the sum of the potential diversions shown as green fill on the plot. The sum of potential diversions is the sum of the water diverted through the plant plus the uncaptured flow measured at the 3-foot weir and, therefore, includes the overflow spills as well as the uncaptured groundwater issuing into the streambed around the drainpipe area. Also shown is a magenta fill wherever the total potential diversions are less than the 2,680-gpm water right. Figure 7: Photograph of trapezoidal flume during submerged conditions. a R- a S Figure 8 shows the combined spills and groundwater inflow at the drainpipe increase the potentially available diversion to more than the water rights of 2,680 gpm for only June and July or less during the 2001-2007 period of record. Accordingly, if the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building is modified to increase its capacity to a 2,680-gpm flow, that flow can be provided in much of the months of June and July. However, the flow will decrease to less than 2,680 gpm by mid to late July in most years. Table 1 indicates that with the exception of high flows during the period of seasonally high flow, the spills from the overflow pipe are not large and may not justify large capital 9 . 11 . .■■...■.MEEMR■■ROOK■R■R■......■■■■■W■■...■.....RMEEOMEMME DailyIE■R■MERE■Rma■■R■■WRNMERma■■■.■.■...■■...■■■.■■..■..■.■■■ WOMEMEM IIOE■MOMMOI■■OI■■■III■■MIOMM■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ■N..■■..■...■■■O■■■■M■■■.I■■■■.■■...■■■..■...■■.■....■..■IMMMMMMWMMM Total Potential Diversion at Upperd of PipelineI III■III M■MEI■O OI■IIO■■N■O■■MOM■■MIEM■M MM■■IE■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ MMIO■MOIM■MIEOM■■■EM■EEIN■■■■O■OE moon ■now ■MUM ■■.■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 111 iiiiiiiiii:::::o■iiiiiuioii:iiiiiii�::::�iiiii�iiiiiiiiioiioiiioioiiiiio No IMMOO ■ .■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■IL■■■■■■■■■■■11■■■EME■NE■ME■ME■■■MEE■r MWMM i--��- .MEN■MMMI■■IE■MO OMMMM■■IEMMI J■MMME■■■■III■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■. i■■■■■■■■■■■■M.V■�ME■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■.J■■■r■■■■■RI■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■l_■■■■■■ ■■■■■■■■ \■■MEN■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■. ■■■■■■■■■■■L.I.■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■L..■■■■■■ ■■■■■■■■ \■■W■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■r ■■■rO■■r■■IMEMMEMOMMEML:■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ \■■■■■ MENEM MENNEN mom ■■■r-----r --- —■----v—�o■■ur_IMMUNE, REEMONEW-mm-m- v■r- 11 MEME ■ rJi .N■ IMM NRMMI NINE MERE ■ It c■ 1■■■■■RI u C::: ■ .. I■..MOON �:: _ -- - - ■n MOON A� MEIN . . ■u ima am 5MEma�_ IN RE ■11 IOOOMMMN_ - _IRO .Mo. Ell 1MM■ ■11 1■■■E■■■_ _.NM■ IN an I ON Im ■NI - ■M■■■MLA -- .. ■11 III OIIML I:.��: RonkNOME _..■•I _ IE■MNMMN.._' 111 - ■■ I■■MEMEI JEWEL ■ SENN OIL1111011111111111111 __IE■■■■■1 IRE■' 1 IEFA moon a 1 1 Omar -■1•- I■■uRR1 r RIME _ .• _■M_. 1■■MONI. _ IMAM MEMO i .—% --.■-.I■■OM■II. IEEE ■RIM ■ — _ - ■O—.III IS MIMMI _.IEEE, ImaMErr 1101 • - • • •- A • 1 AV • K,y • �• is t '� �. - � +,- �.+Y o oral .\f,. r fit:; ,.� ,���''11` ` >A�;' ,,,� • • t� i '�c d �' I v ' •• \-r � .:-,., � � � � _ � ,�� .fit • - - ';. _ -- - _ ��\ @ . ~ '��•�, y'!�' fix.i/.4� �► � i �✓ _ _ R} I J/ � ,� F,I�� ' ` 1R�r ,ln���t aal ter.. `� �.e� 1. Figure 10: May 8, 2008 discharge of 173 gpm from drainpipe. ,F � r •. � f' � ?' +`;Ira '_-�1,"+ _ ,yam a• Table 1 shows that in the spring of 2008, flow of groundwater into the streambed of Lyman Creek from the drainpipe area increased to more than 600 gpm. The rate of recession of that discharge from more than 600 gpm to 300 gpm or less in the fall and winter has not been observed or recorded; however, it is implicit in the record of uncaptured flow at the 3-foot weir (Figures 6 and 8), assuming spill from the overflow pipe was minimized. Accordingly, most (but not all) of the green-filled area on Figure 8 indicates the potential diversions that could be realized by adding the drainpipe area flow to the diversion system, assuming the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building capacity were increased to 2,680 gpm. 5.2.2.2.1 Ambiguities in Measurements The flow from the drainpipe area could be captured by constructing an additional subsurface collector to the discharge pipe spring area. The streamflow measurements at the CM-1 site indicate that most of the groundwater inflow to the bed of Lyman Creek occurs in the reach between the drainpipe and the upstream end of the existing lower collector. Accordingly, a relatively small collector structure installed into the bed of Lyman Creek, beginning 10 or 20 feet upstream from the outlet of the drainpipe, would 12 theoretically provide 250 to 300 gpm of additional flow to the system in the late summer and winter months, and up to 600 gpm in June and part of July in most years. However, an unknown is how much water, if any, did Lyman Creek gain from groundwater inflow between the trapezoidal flume and the 3-foot weir at the pond downstream from the groundwater collection site? Any gain in this reach is water that probably would not be intercepted by a new collector at the drainpipe site and, therefore, should be subtracted from the 250- to 600-gpm flow predicted above for the drainpipe site. The measurements made during this investigation are ambiguous with the September 2007 measurement showing essentially constant flow across the reach, the November 2007 measurement showing what is likely a measurement or recording error, and the May 2008 measurement showing a gain of 0.23 cfs which might simply correspond to 10 percent measurement error. The June 17, 2008 measurement at a flow of 9.5 cfs at the trapezoidal flume shows a loss of 0.40 cfs between the flume and the 3-foot weir, however, the June 23, 2008 measurement six days later at a flow of 8.96 cfs at the flume shows a gain of 1.65 cfs between the flume and the weir. The apparent loss and gain values are 4.2 and 18 percent, respectively, of the flow at the trapezoidal flume, which was submerged during both measurements; i.e., the depth of water in the flume exceeded its capacity necessitating a calculation to estimate the flow through the flume. Since the geometry of the culvert/trapezoidal flume is non-standard the accuracy of the calculated flows may be less than desirable. 5.2.2.2.1 GWUDISW Considerations Upper Collector The proposed upper collector will likely fall under the same classification of groundwater not under the influence of surface water as is the existing collectors. However, it will be important that maintaining the current classification of the source water be a priority in the further development of the spring. Discussion with MDEQ staff prior to commencing with design is recommended. The proposed upper collector should be designed so it can be isolated from the existing collection system. Testing for parameters under the GWUDISW rules should be accomplished after construction of the new collector and before putting the collector into service. 5.2.2.2.2 Collector Considerations There are a number of considerations that need to be taken into account in design of a new collector at the spring site. • It is recommended that the collector constructed at the drainpipe site be excavated to bedrock, if practicable, so that it collects as much of the underflow through the gravel and rock rubble in the bottom of the bedrock channel as possible. • It is recommended that the collector be constructed as to not disturb the existing spring collection system. • The disturbed area should be minimized as much as practical in order to avoid disturbance of an excessive amount of wetland. 13 • A subsurface, compacted, cohesive clay soil cutoff wall is suggested as an alternative to the sheet pile method used in the construction of Spring No. 1. 5.2.2.3 Other Uncaptured Underflow The stream flow measurements indicate that additional groundwater flow discharges into the bed of Lyman Creek, downstream from the 3-foot weir, as summarized on Table 2. Stream flow was measured at four locations, shown on Figure 1 as current meter sites CM-1 and CM-2, the 3-foot weir at the pond originally used as the upper diversion site for surface water, and the Parshall flume at the unused lower surface water diversion site. Measurements at the latter three sites, as shown on Table 2, provided data indicating the surface water flow in Lyman Creek receives baseflow discharge from the groundwater between the 3-foot weir and the current meter measurements site, CM-2, and between CM-2 and the Parshall flume. The gains over the entire reach are more than 300 gpm in the late summer and early spring and probably decline to less than 300 gpm in the winter. Gains measured in the seasonally high flow are very large and transient. As shown on Table 2, the largest gains consistently occur in the reach between the 3-foot weir and the current meter measurement site, CM-2. Table 2: Groundwater baseflow contribution to Lyman Creek below 3-foot weir. Current Gain from Gain from 3-Foot Meter Parshall 3-Foot CM-2 to Weir Site Flume Weir Parshall Total Flow CM-2 Flow Flow to CM-2 Flume Gain Date pm pm pm pm pm m 9/28/2007 421 677 748 256 71 327 11/9/2007 3541 592 636 238 44 282 5/8/2009 1,075 1,317 1,416 242 99 341 6/17/2008 4,078 --- 5,906 --- --- 1,828 6/25/2008 4,015 --- 4,754 --- --- 739 -Measured at trapezoidal flume. Figure 11 shows a longitudinal profile of the Lyman Creek streambed elevations in the area from the existing groundwater collector system to the unused downstream surface water diversion site. The elevations were obtained digitally from a DEM file and, accordingly, do not perfectly represent the manually constructed, 40-foot contour interval topographic contours published on the 7.5-minute U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle; thus the irregular shape of the profile line as compared to the relatively smooth profile that would result from manual plotting of the contour line elevations on the map. The variance between the digital terrain model profile and the manually drawn 14 Figure 11: Longitudinal profile of upper Lyman Creek. 5900 DEM Streambed je 5800 11.6%Average Sl 8.5%Average Slo Upper Collector 4.9%Average Slo 5700 Drainpipe —-- CM-1 I I 5so0 o Lower Collector \z Overflow Trapezoidal Flume 5500 s a s 3-Foot Weir 0 m 5400 w 5300 -- CM-2 / I - \ GRANITE 5200 ALLUVIUM � e \ _ Pars hall —- \ Flume Lower •\ - - - - - Weir 5100 TERTIARY / i 1_ SEDIMENTS _ 49%S/ope 5000 / 44 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 Distance(feet) contours on the map is smoothed on Figure 11 by linear regression lines showing the average slope represented by the digital terrain model elevations. As shown on Figure 11, the regression analyses indicate the stream profile along the reach of interest is divided into three distinctly different slopes, ranging from 11.6 percent slope in the upper reach, 8.5 percent slope in a middle reach, and 4.9 percent slope in the lower reach. 5.2.2.3.1 Geologic Control The 11.6 percent average streambed gradient corresponds to that part of the Lyman Creek canyon cut into the metamorphic granite terrain. The local landform indicates this part of the canyon is essentially a V-shaped canyon or nearly so, with a fill of very coarse-grained boulders, gravel, and some angular rock rubble or talus, with a matrix of coarse-grained to granular sand which can be referred to collectively as "coarse-grained alluvium". The thickness of the deposits is not known, however, the deposits are highly permeable. A significant portion of the water flowing from the spring in the Madison Limestone flows into the coarse-grained alluvium and on downstream as underflow in the Lyman Creek canyon. The existing groundwater collectors are completed in the coarse-grained alluvium and intercept a portion of the latter groundwater underflow. 15 In the formulation of this investigation, it was recognized that the gradient of Lyman Creek changed about 900 feet upstream from a fault between the metamorphic granite and the Tertiary sediments that support the high-level bench along the mountain front, downstream from the granite. Accordingly, it was anticipated that as the gradient of the coarse-grained alluvium decreased, its hydraulic capacity would likewise decrease and a portion of the groundwater underflow in the alluvium would be forced to the surface and add to the flow of Lyman Creek. Narrowing of the strip of alluvial fill downstream from the 3-foot weir also appeared to be a factor reducing the hydraulic capacity of the coarse-grained alluvium to transmit groundwater in the reach between the 3-foot weir and CM-2, thus forcing part of the groundwater flow into the streambed. Therefore, current meter measurement station CM-2 was sited at the change from an 11.6 percent to an 8.5 percent streambed gradient in order to detect any gains in surface water flow between the 3-foot weir and the change in the gradient of the streambed. The gains represent a portion of the underflow of groundwater that is bypassing the groundwater collectors currently used as the point of diversion on Lyman Creek for the City of Bozeman. As shown on Table 2, the September and November, 2007 measurements indicate a recession from 327 to 282 gpm, suggesting continued recession of the baseflow contribution to Lyman Creek through the rest of the winter. The May, 2008 measurement indicated a groundwater contribution of 341 gpm to the Lyman Creek flow between the 3-foot weir and CM-2, reflecting the onset of early spring recharge to the system. Collectively, these measurements average 245 gpm and suggest an average long-term groundwater contribution to this reach of Lyman Creek of at least 200 to 250 gpm, considering probable winter low flows. The long-term average groundwater contribution during the summer months of high municipal water demand, excluding the seasonally high flows in June and early July, may be 300 gpm, based on these same data. This discharge of groundwater into Lyman Creek is uncaptured groundwater that probably bypasses the upper groundwater collectors as underflow below the level of the collectors. Table 2 shows that an additional gain in surface water flow from the groundwater contribution occurs between CM-2 and the Parshall flume. This contribution of groundwater to baseflow in Lyman Creek exhibits the same pattern as the reach between the 3-foot weir and CM-2; however, the flows are much smaller, ranging from 44 to 99 gpm and averaging 71 gpm. This baseflow contribution corresponds to the part of Lyman Creek with an 8.5 and 4.9 percent average slope of the streambed and may occur where the streambed transitions from 8.5 to 4.9 percent slope. The 8.5 percent slope may correspond to a thicker area of alluvial deposits, analogous to an alluvial fan in the area of transition from the steep granite canyon to the relatively flatter stream valley cut into the Tertiary sediment bench. Thicker alluvium would transmit more groundwater than the downstream alluvium at 4.9 percent slope, thus causing groundwater to discharge from the alluvium into the streambed where the streambed gradient flattens from 8.5 to 4.9 percent. 16 The latter interpretation is reinforced by the presence of a dense growth of riparian vegetation beginning near the fault. The fault is located across the toe of the mountain slope in the photograph in Figure 12 with granite on the mountain side of the slope and the benches in the foreground supported by Tertiary sediments. As shown on Figure 12, the vegetation consists of deciduous trees and willows growing on the surface of the alluvial deposits along Lyman Creek. The area of riparian vegetation is limited to the surface of the alluvial deposits which are bounded on both sides of the alluvial valley floor by Tertiary sediments. The location of the riparian vegetation indicates the area of shallow groundwater along this reach of the stream. The shallow groundwater likely corresponds to the reach of stream gaining flow from groundwater discharging into the stream and is the probable location of the streamflow gains recorded between CM-2 and the Parshall flume. Figure 12: Location of groundwater inflow between CM-2 and Parshall flume. - . ' .blr-tea.•` ' `y '�t �.�, �; , ,_=, OZI IV, VX i � '� �5:;'.L"y.� Y'!•!fil�'iR'$ �kYSJii�l3 ..� �Uti<+ s.iJt -}} t S 'Y•';r.. 17 5.2.2.3.2 GWUDISW Considerations The hard, crystalline, metamorphic granite bounding the Lyman Creek alluvial fill indicates the contribution of groundwater to the flow in Lyman Creek between the 3-foot weir and site CM-2 (Figure 1) is most likely underflow in the coarse-grained alluvium that is not captured at the existing groundwater diversions, rather than new inflow to the system from the granitic bedrock. This suggests that it may be possible to divert an additional 300 gpm from the groundwater at a location downstream from the existing groundwater collectors. If the groundwater inflow downstream from the 3-foot weir is underflow that bypasses the existing groundwater collectors, it should be present in the coarse-grained alluvial deposits anywhere between the existing collectors and where it begins to emerge into the surface flow downstream from the 3-foot weir. In other words, a new groundwater collector to intercept this flow would have to be upstream from where the flow begins to discharge into the surface water. This probably indicates that a new groundwater collector for this flow should be upstream from the 3-foot weir (Figures 1 and 11). A regulatory issue that may affect use of this latter flow of groundwater in the coarse- grained alluvium is rules on Ground Water Under Direct Influence of Surface Water (GWUDISW) as set forth in Montana DEQ circular PWS-5 (currently under review by MDEQ). The PWS-5 rules would likely apply where surface water flows in the streambed of Lyman Creek over or adjacent to a groundwater collector in the alluvium. These rules do not apply to the existing groundwater collectors because the upstream collector is not associated with surface water and is capped with clay to prevent transient storm runoff from entering the collector. The downstream collector intercepts groundwater flow from a buried alluvial channel under a landslide on the left side of the canyon and is therefore above the existing channel of Lyman Creek and separated from it by sheet piling. Seepage along the side of the collector system and over the sheet piling indicates the groundwater gradient is from the collector to the streambed and, therefore, the flow in the streambed cannot influence water quality in the collector. The above conditions would not apply at a new collector constructed between the trapezoidal flume and the 3-foot weir. Perennial flow of surface water exists in Lyman Creek from the location of the drainpipe all the way down the streambed to the Parshall flume. The flow of this surface water over the top of a new groundwater collector in the streambed would invoke the PWS-5 and PWS-6 (Source Water Protection) regulations. However, essentially all of the surface water flow in Lyman Creek upstream from the a- foot weir is provided by the discharge pipe area and the overflow to the transmission line inlet. Presumably, construction of a groundwater collector at the discharge pipe would intercept that contribution to surface water flow, leaving only the discharge from the overflow pipe. If a new groundwater collector were installed somewhere between the trapezoidal flume and the 3-foot weir, the discharge water from the overflow pipe could be routed into the new collector during most of the year, except for the periods of seasonally high flow. During seasonally high flow, the overflow could be piped 18 downstream from the new collector before discharging it into Lyman Creek. Thus, the system would remain a closed system with no surface water flow over the new collector. The only uncertainty in the latter scenario is the potential for groundwater to emerge into the streambed of Lyman Creek between the trapezoidal flume and the 3-foot weir. However, diversion of groundwater into a new collector should reduce the groundwater flow such that contribution to the surface water flow would cease. This points out the desirability of locating the new collector as far upstream from the 3-foot weir as possible, to minimize the potential for groundwater discharge into the streambed above the collector and cause surface water flow over the collector. The principal limitation in moving the theoretical new groundwater collector upstream is the fact that the existing collector system indicates that a substantial part of the groundwater flow at the existing diversion is likely in a buried channel of alluvium under a landslide mass on the left (south) side of the canyon. Any new groundwater collector installed between the trapezoidal flume and the 3-foot weir must be downstream from the landslide deposit so that groundwater flow will not bypass the collector through a buried channel of gravel. Accordingly, additional field work is required to select a site for a new groundwater collector between the trapezoidal flume and the 3-foot weir to avoid the landslide mass and select an optimum site for ease of construction and effective capture of the groundwater. Figure 13 shows the theoretical effect of capturing all of the inflow between the 3-foot weir and the Parshall flume, as indicated by the 2001 through 2007 flow records. It is assumed that a new groundwater collector somewhere upstream from the 3-foot weir is successful in capturing most of the underflow bypassing the existing collectors. 5.2.2.4 Source Fluctuations After the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building capacity is increased to 2,680-gpm, improvement of the diversions will increase the volume and duration of flows that can be diverted each year. This latter benefit is evident on Figure 13. For example, Figure 13 shows that a diversion rate of 1,400 gpm was possible for only July and part of August of 2005. Figure 13 shows that if the uncaptured water from the black 8-inch discharge pipe and the water spilled through the overflow could have been added to the system, the 1,500-gpm diversion rate would have been sustained from approximately mid-April through mid-September of that year. If the additional increment uncaptured groundwater emerging into the streambed of Lyman Creek in reach B on Figure 1 had ! been added with a diversion structure in reach A of Figure 1, the duration of the 1,500- gpm diversion rate would have increased even more to include mid-March through the late part of October. The plots of the City of Bozeman staff's measurements for the 2001 through 2007 flow indicate that even if the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building is improved for a 2,680-gpm capacity and additional groundwater collectors are added at the drainpipe area and in reach A of Figure 1, the seasonal fluctuation in the supply from the groundwater source 19 • • •• - • • • • • . • -• • • [It• • • mu■m Om■OM■■ammuammau■muaum � .EE E�ooEE'-.BE E=EEEEE�:'C �eS::EE ■■■a■ummm■mo■uU■WuCu_u■■■■m■aU■■ruuU ' CCCC■':■mia oioEE .: u■i ■u Co■��C■u'ua nU 1E om C■■■COUMCU■a ■M ■m■O ■a■C■m■■ a■■■E■■■■U■m■■■■E■UC■■■■�■■a■■■ •1 DiversionTotal Potential u m■ amuu■■u■■O■uama■■■W■■uu�o■u■ aW aumu■ouaaamaauouam■■■■■■■■m■aam at Upper End of Pipeline NEON E■a■a■oaMu■mU�om■■aaU■Ea■OE■■Om■mO■iCOUioC ■■■■■uW■u■Q■u■■■■■aMEm■U■EEu■C■■■■E■U Eman 111 - a■o■uu■W■�:_■mu■■u■■mm■muI.M.■■■■4■u■p Parshall Flume and 3-ft Weir ■■■■u■au■■a■c_mm■MMER RIM■auu uaW■■m,■mu OaouoaO MO_o■aaumn,■U■M■ma■■O■EaaoOO■=oa■aE DiversionTotal Potential ua■uooCC■O■ ■muwith Capture of Ground- ME■■■E■uU■UEa■■Om■MOE■ EuoC ■m■■u■■u■■■ ■■nou■ur,■■■mu■■■■■■m■m■■.:■■■aa aW maa O water---� • below 3-ft wei ■ a■aa■u■■a■aa■■m,i ■■■auam Mail■m■■■LL.:■mma •111 auGui■i■ ■M mL' l■ ■■■ ■■■maWaLma■■ ■au■■■■■O ■O■u■W■■■■■■ ■ -.■Ea■Em ■ au im ■m a wEMEaU■■o■maaa><. :u■m rao■mOa ■c■uamoaa■ -rmoauU ■■aaoamua■Ua■mL :r■■m ru■■■uOa aEE■.■ou■waM■ .imUM■u ■■■■■ "%aum■m■ -:]MEMO r■auaauC OOn u■a■■CMan _imo�n■■E ■a■M■o■■ �um■m■ ua ■ .MeoaM uuumM u■n _1001H■■Mo ■■MUM■■ _MEMMEM.�_l4 11 - rM_mo■■o■r■■■am■Wt iom ■m■u■u. mmm. •. r■a�a■■o■aU■r:■aumma■. iaaWaam nouUar aum ■ . MEN N�mmai Ciio■g. "'ou C�o�oUiiiiCC%:CCCOCCu■Ci iCCCCCCCCi iiiioCCi iCCpCim�m CCC EEm■ ■oouE._omauOn-■■■M■a�a■an ■■OSEEUMan ruoE■aO ■am■u ■ u■aM• 'tea MaR .umaa Maal...■mm■a■■ar ■aaaa UaO. lam aa■ tam■ ■aa■■ - �r m�:�C'.�:C.:C. -�.C�: C.":�E ',E�6E� 'C.CCCCCC: CCC�Cm� 1GCCCC:. a■= MEMO MUME =.a y in .. : ZI SO IImmMM, IN ma . . ■n ■aaa■■.__. nt Cmom o: i nr aOu■at , rE ■ ■ ■u ■■■■■■�. n a uv ■ ■u UM■O�_ i■o a 11 _ _ �;L� ■n aaaaa■r - j■u -a a■ i ME 'i CCo n NONE : ,J. 7111W i r ■OMm IN 1 1 1 .■ o■Uar L. m ■� u■aaar CCCC i ■, _n■■mr - - - r■r 'v 11 "•a ■ ii --.WCuiii r�r oar IV aCC -i ii iu• IS, IN 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ ii■iiii■ii■■ii:Vi�i■■■iini■ - Illlllllllllllllllllllnllllllllt:!IIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiii�ii;�l�iiiiiii _ _ - _ - Illllllllllllllllllltlllt lull tt,ti;�q 11111 - - - - - - - iL■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ iRJAu��■■■■■ - IIILIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�ILIIILII4111�1�'VII ii■■■■■i■■■iii■l��■i�i■■■■i III 111111111111111111111111[Illla'11 illliill ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ .���■■■■■■ Tll",IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�iIIIIIIIfliSlllll '�■■■■■■■■■ii■■■■■■ I'�■■■■■■■■■ JiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIINIIIIIIP:illlllll •10 1 ■■1 1 0 21■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■� t'i■■■■■■■■■■ 1...............................1111111111111111111111111111111111!%'llllllllll ■■■■■■■■■■i■iiiii■iii■■iiiii■iiiir�ii[�:4111■ii■iii IIIIIIIIIIIIIn1111111111111I11II1tI11I11II1111111111111111111[+111►:�ti�,l�nuun ■■■■■ ■■■■ ■iii■ii■■■■i■■■i�i■■i iiii■i■■�■rAitr�/Fi.��■1■ii■■■i 11111111111111111111 11111111111111 1111111111111111111111111'i5'VL*11'111111 ■■■■■ ■■■■■■■■ ��1�"�:;iiii�■■i■■■■ ' IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILIIIIIIIIIIIIIILIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILlh�;1!',I�yLllllll ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ■■■■■■■i�i!tii''�.-� 11113). 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111'!llllii+: tiilllllll i■■ii■■■■■■■■ii ■■■ii■■■■■■■i.HL/!a-!■i■i■■■ Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll�lli!IIII�:.�VIIIII ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■R i■■rC:]■■■■ Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltlllltlllllllllllllllll►:.11ll'1�'iilll ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ■ ■■■■■■iiiir� iil,i:•-1i■■■■■■■i IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIt1111111111111111111L11�:'r fyll':i��lllll 1 ■•••■■•••■■•••■CC �1�i■i■iIF10 '■iili IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILIIIIIIIIILIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII L111���. illllll�1 IL i■iiii■■iii■iiii ■ C_III ilt. Al ■■■■i 111111111111111111111111111111 111111111 11111111111111111 111�.iiI111111��IL11L • ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ii■i■i■ l ��.:.n■■■■■■i 1111111111111111111111111111111111I1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIInd114i(,�'�•-" • ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ iiiiiiiiir�: l Ii►iii■iiiiii 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111P.,;W1111,1011111111 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ■■■■�'iR�!`,■■ ►�■■ ■ii■■ 11111111111111 1111 1111111111 11111111 111111111111 i�,�1►+;,IY�111 111 _ .■■■...■...■■..■.■■■i■■ ■iir1 !/I1►t,i■ 1041 ■n■. • IIIIIIIIIIIIIILIIIILIIIIIIIIIILIIIIIIIILLIIIIIIILIIIII��IL.i 0IILLILII NINON going Igloo■■■■■■■■■r .i .1■■■■r'.�■■■■■■■■ ' LLIIIIIIIILIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILIIIIL1111111111111�111!�;111!i111D,1111!:I llln 11111111 1111111111111111111 1111 Illllltllllll.:�11!i�11111�1�n1111L11111 • ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■��'�■■���iP.�■■���■■■■■■■■■■■ 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111,illll✓A:1�1111/!�111111111111111 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■W!=7 Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll��n --- r - ■■■■■■■■■■���'"�a�= �r-"{�''��I■�i■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ::ui�irii111V,1111111111111111111 - ■■■■■■■■■■r��������`p=�i������■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 11 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�IIU�%=,";..::. ii Illtlllll 11111 111 11111111111111111111111111111 �� ■■■■■■■■■��■i:Oi!�5� \r�i■■■ti�i ■■■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ n_ "�'vL1i�r1:,,1""�i=i1 t� 111111111�1 IIILII ■■ .. 1111111111111111111111111�nlIAn.Illsi aILL1!i11111�IL��1:!IIIIIIIILIIIIIIL■i■■■■i■■■.:__i■►�p�_ ,►i■■■■■■►,��■■■i��■i'■■=■■ . Illlllllllllllllllllllllu..::!!PIi11�.:��r.��:!Inll 111R111111111111111 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ii�: ■ `���``-�'.��!Ii■■■■■ii■■■■■■■■■ Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllli:!111111::::'��::F'��111511111111I1111111 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■i:���n-�•;;:�t�::!�iiiiiiiiii�i 11111 111111111 Illllltlllllllllllllllllli:!l1111 ``y�'I.0::4,111L ILILI ■■■■iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii\►l�nl��:t�1 i�►iiiii■iii ■ 11111L1111111tIL1111t1111111111111111111111111r'! 11� '1 i1►u�11i11!tt 1 1■■■■iii■■iii■■iiiii■r:i7■i■■■■■►`VU ■i■►■■i■i■■■■■ 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111!::ill!ILLIIIO Id'1IC11if1111►11�11L11 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ !��■■■■ ■��! ■■■\I 1■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllli:�lill�ltl IIIi"f►1�1111111 111111 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■��� R211�■■10-411�■■■■ IIIIII1111111111111111111111111111111111111111�IIi� IL�11111�1:r,111111�.�111111 • ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■\\■■i�i:!■\i71�i1►■■■■■■■■ Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilli:!l111111 �1:!1111111111► ■■■■i■■■iii■iiiiiiiii■■iiii\iii■iii�\�71i11■Il■■ii■■■ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiHIM i11111tg11111I1111 L:C:::CSC:C:C��:C:�C�7�C��CC� �:�:►'':n':'��i.=log LLLLLLLLLLLLLLL'LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL'LLLLLLLLL OL��LLLLL��'�LLLLLLL ■■■■■■■■■■■■■ii■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■►1 ■f��■■■o V11■ ■■■■■ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIILIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIILIIIi:11111111LIC11111111. ■■■■ii■■■■i■iiii■■i■i■■iiiii■ii►�il1■ii■Li111iii■i■i 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 IIIIIIIIIIII:111111111r11.11111 ....................... ..... ....�....... ........ .......................................... ....Bill..?.,,......... �..... ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■�■■ ii�iiiiliiiii�7liiiiii� nnunninnuunnunuunnnnnn Jnnpl�l�llal�nuun��}Lnn ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■�■■■■■■■1■■■■11■I1■■■■■■■ 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 •�•• alll'11I111111 till • ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ii■■ill■■■ �If'■■■■■■■ 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 I�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIilllllll[�'llllll ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■i■■■■■■■■■ii■■■1■i■■i i■■■■ 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111'llllilllllcilllllll iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii■ii ii IN Igloo iii 1111 11111111111111111111 11111111111111111 111 1111111111'1111I 1111111 ::::: going " go LLLL�LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL;;LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLI L1t1LL111111111�t1[ 1111111 � � 1 IIIIIIIILIIIIIIII�'[ILIGIIIIIL This leaves the question of what type of flows to expect in the 50 percent of the time when 2,680 gpm is not provided by the source. Figures 16 and 17 show the 2001 through 2007 flow data plotted versus normalized time with the 98 percent confidence interval for the average trends. The 98 percent confidence interval simply indicates that there is a 98 percent chance that the flow from the source will equal the flows somewhere within the interval. The lower limit of the confidence interval on Figure 16 shows that when flows at the 3- foot weir are less than average, they might never equal 2,680 gpm but will be at least 2,000 gpm from approximately June 1 through the middle of the first week in July and will be 1,500 gpm or more at the beginning of August, 98 percent of the time. Figure 17 shows more favorable conditions at the Parshall flume with the water rights flow of 2,680 gpm satisfied 98 percent of the time from the end of the second week in May through the middle of the last week in July. The same flow at the Parshall flume will be satisfied 50 percent of the time from the beginning of May through the first week in August, or nearly three weeks longer than the 98 percent confidence in flows occurring. The seven years of flow measurements used in the foregoing analysis is a relatively short period of time for hydrologic analysis of data that may display long-term trends that are longer than seven years. Accordingly, it is necessary to determine if the seven years of records for the Lyman Creek flows represent average, below average, or above average conditions in the watershed. The first step in answering the latter question is evaluation of data collected at the Parshall flume by the City of Bozeman for the period from 1970 through 1988. The flows recorded at the flume for the latter period of time are shown on Figure 18 and do not include the diversions to the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building, i.e, they are limited to uncaptured water at the flume and do not indicate the total potential diversion. Likewise, the flows for the 2001 through 2007 period are limited to uncaptured water at the flume and do not include system diversions. Figure 18 also shows the trend of the recorded flows, based on regression analysis of the data, superimposed over the seasonal fluctuations. - The trend of the flows essentially did not change from 1970 through the early 1980s. After about 1982, the trend exhibits a significant decline, indicating that flows were below average. There is no record for 1989 through 2000; however, the 2001 through 2007 record shows the flows in that period of time were considerably less than the earlier 1970 through 1982 flows. The upward trend of the average through the 2001 to 2007 data does not indicate a period of above normal flows as demonstrated by the fact 22 ■■■gn■■■■�■■■■■ �wn.r��/•nnw�l�n��;'■■ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIL711l7111111111 ■Ills■ill■nil■n ■ '•::=';:aas� igloo - nlmnnW n uuml 7!r:71:0,41114!1 un LL LIIIIIIIIIIIIILIILIIIIII � � •• ••1 IIII .-.>. ... 119111111fill 11111III 111111LL11��► c::^r:::.�99 . �■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■�..-->'=�■■■■■■■■ = - - munnnnnnununnnnnw;:r.::.::�; �enunn Ili Bills lill■nilli Igloo P. ':::�',1■■■.■■■■ • - � - IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII► :�:i e✓11111111 • 'g !ll■Vigil■lI Igloo n■■li■`' '':';1■■ill■■l IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIC�::�:;:'llllllll;.; f■g■■■gg■■gigg■nog■■■■■s:':';.;,:.:�1■■■■■■■■ .s J■.■.■■. ll�I login g�■ngli% /■.■�■■■� `:•:j IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIWIIIl�111 ?'.�11111111 .•`��';=� = nnnnuW nmm�nnm 1 ran :����nnm �����������/s■■ll ll ■ili�g� il■l_:::9�:; 'g■■ill■■■ �■■■■.■■■....■.■....■■■d�1111111111111L1111111111111111LLILL7111�a�� ':IIIIIIIII llli■illliiiilill �l�siil�/■lllll��:�:'�:•:Il■[]i■■■l Illllllllllllllllillllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllll!::^5�1�1111111 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ u■■■n■ggin■nn���;: �::/■■■ngn■si nnuunuuuunnnnminnunnnnuunnumm�ur.�o:.••:�:,IinnW iiiiiins Wmm�W IWnWnummnmumummm�m 7r 7uulmn • • nmuwmmm�mnmumnumummumnummr.�••�-:�:mn�m� loollinglooling • 't! ::L:!'=:a::: °;:Impel in LLLLLLLLLLLLL9LLLLLLLLLLL LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL LLLL9LL LL LL,LLLLL • ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ■n■gnnnnr.�:�:�• �:ugn■■ng■■nn = uuunnmm�lnnnmuunmm�umnnunnnn!�:::�.munl�um • ll■lllllllll■■lll �l�sills■!';�:�;- '�/l■■nlis■■ill 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111�::�;:�.�Illllllllltllll • _- loon ';111�■anglin�� IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILIIIIIILLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLPl ; >t1L111111111L11111 C000ng mom milll inimillifi Igloo = LIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILIIIIIIIIIIILIIIIIIIIIIIIIi� ' A�rLLL, LLLLILIIlllllll • illllli■��ls■lilliiiilR7!r.:';:•:�;�;�C1■■■s■■■■ii■■■lil .,.,<•, '� ' 1 1111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111.,,..: • �11111111111111111111111 g■■ggn■g■n■■■gnn■ngG■Iao!:!'�•...! :i■also i■■■■i■ni■■■■i IIIIIIIIWIIWIW1111111111111111111116a!;.'•!:!=!:_::•silllllllllll11111111111111 • = 111 61i =■•- ,:. ;a iii iiiiiiii ii0ii mm�nmmmumuunn�� n�.� ,,':,., ; .;m„nmunnnm�w llllili��!:;;; ..�•:�;,•.::,�,�,..�•'❖,-, lli�ili■i■■ ill l IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIL11111 11►����! .:s>ifiiiii9Li LIII IIIII°°'�11i ■■rg■nngg■■n■g■n ■ nnnnnuuunnulraul. ..�, . . ;.:: :::::.�auun uu mm�nnnu isnn■■ll■n■■11n11■i■�r���^,•:�. �.;i��■Is`/i■■■■■i■■■■■■■■■ 1111111111111111111111111111111111111r1111�::...::5�:�IIIIIIIIIIIt11111111111111 ' i: :l'n:l:oll� . LLL�LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLu���� �� '!4��LLL9'LLLL°Illtllll ■■■■■■gggg■■■■g■■gggr■C1s■■■�.*•.;...:�.•�■■�■■■i■■■■■ IIIILIIIIIIIIIIItlll LIIIIDILLLLLLL • ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■�■■■■■�■■■■■►':�=;�::'.7 ■■■■■■■■■■ mmm�mumnmumnmm wummnmuuu:o�.��muunmu 1 ill■■Ill■■■lingligni■illggnillg■►'�;••;•�:;?�Glig■■lggg Illllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllll�lllllllllllllllllllllllc;;• r`IIIIIG1111111 • 111■illili■ill■■ill■llllig■iliilil►:: :;:: :�:�::!�lliill■■ IIIIIIIIIIt111111111111111111111111t1111111111111111111111111nt:;.••���t11r�11111 ■■g■ggnn■g■nn■■nn■gign■ggg■■■gg■■■gc;:::•;::::'_uC■gg■■■■ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIllllllllllllllllllllllllt1111111►:�::°.�IR71111 mommillsommiCl�C�C�C�C���C:���::��� =:::`::ANON:: LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL�LLLLLLLLLLLLL�'LLLLLLLLLL HIM L :�'�LLLLL - .g...........■....n■illn■■l�..g...�gl:•_:•:.:•:"1....... - IIIll111W1W111111111111I1I1111Lt1111111 LIIIIIIIIII�]111�► �.�lII1......■g■■.■■■sg■■■gn■■nggg■ggg■,g..1 ::: -nnnnn■■ 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111Wfil Jill IIIItu: .1411l iliililllilllllliliill g■■ll�ll�li',•: ;._����; , • u■.■■■■.noon ■■■..■■■■■■■■n■■■■■■ ■■n■■..�■■■■.■■■�;g.•j�,.... f IIIIIo1111i111t1111L`IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILII - `Illlllll `IIIIIIIII 1111 grill■n■ills■iiin■■it.�C�ls■n.■l..■■12.:;•;:NRO U11 fill 111111111111111I11W11111111I11111 1�!.••::iiiAlllllW�t • •••■••••n•.....gl■■gnll■gngng■g■■■ggl:>:r:�:•�• •1■pnnn 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111111' : �:,l1ll Jill ::C::: " LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL'LLLLLLL LLLLLLLLLL'�L�LLB':=. LLLLL . ■llii lllillli■lllllili l ilii ..����,..;.• .,;,.�agi. 1111111111111111111111111111 1 IIILIIIIIII IWIIn11L111L�:•:;:i�IIIII • g■■ngnnn■g■■■■g■■■■g■■■�ig�■■nggl�■4.,ss::::s,:;�:.9■ng • LIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILILIIIIIIIIIII nlnllllllllJs:l^s:ula�1111I 1 1 Figure 18: Trends of Lyman Creek average flows at Parshall flume 1970-2007. 8500 Lyman Creek Discharge at the Parshall Flume 1970 to 2007. 8000 • Reported Discharge at Flume l 7500 Estimated Hydrograph Flow Trend 7000 6500 6000 5500 E 5000 a rn 4500 rn 4000 p 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Cll ti ti ti �mc �mc, �mc` sac' mc' ,�c ,�c ,�c' mac• that both the high and low flows for the period are considerably less than those recorded in the 1970s and 1980s. The data indicate that during the 1970s, the flows seldom decreased seasonally to less than 1,500 gpm at the Parshall flume, with a few years declining momentarily to 1,200 to 1,400 gpm. In comparison, the flows in the 2001 to 2007 period declined to as little as 500 gpm in two years, essentially zero flow in one year, and typically declined to the range of 900 to 1,200 gpm in the other four years. The records shown on Figure 18 clearly show that 2001 to 2007 represents a period of below normal runoff with significantly less flow than in the years from 1970 through about 1982 or 1984. Figure 19 shows an analysis of the entire data set from 1970 to 2007, showing the average flows and the associated 98 percent confidence interval at the Parshall flume. Comparison of Figure 19 to Figure 17 indicates larger flows and longer durations of flows than the data set limited to 2001 to 2007. Figure 20 shows the combined plots from Figures 17 and 19. 24 mnnmununmm�numul�mlu+il�m'nm n nnnm mE'f ° 1 nm o _ _ . _ 7lnnnnunnuuuuuummn ne'ni-�u um _ _ 1111111111111111111111111111111111111`:":::'1i1111111111 _ _ - _ - 1111111111..❖,':Jy:�a:^«.1111111 Inunlulnununnlnnulwnd,!:��mnumn unnnnn;: .,;,,• :mnrn : . _ : ' - . I■■' 111�11111111111111111 11111111 IIAAi,ii,�il1111111111 � 111/111111 11 '�:1 illl m noon ununl�nnul��u�r,, la�n�ruml - - - uml u��n��,`'`'� o;�r�`ml • Inn unuu'nnunnnuur3uE��.;:;�aurr wn ppl IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�1l71r1!�•_�IIIIIII�11111 � �%� 1111111111��7Wr� .:] ;�1 IIItI ■■ �1111111111111111111111111111111'ri11F.7:��11111!l111111 ::: :: �IIIIIIIIia11PT•�.-��;���IIIIIU ' Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllll�lllllllllllllllllllflllllll`If'�„�f�1111111111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIII�IIII�IIII�illllllllllll����-+3111lI,IIIIII�..F,,��I:,.,;.,{�ili 1111 Illllllllllflll'lllmll.,:.,, JIM 11111 111111111111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIC711111111111 lilt������b`alalllllllll • IllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIC71111111111111ilt,: !,:'�;i71111L 111 Illllllllllllll�llllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllll��'ri,'d;;.,31111111ii111111 lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllftllllllllllll',i�:;;: ::::•,Iliilr�lll • � IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllEti" ;,I�'+11111111!!1111111 — 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111i'::,,°:: �:ll!!1111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE.:lill!�r.:!aA3'1r1111111111111 — IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIF:IiII!!,!!.•";?:•Allllt!11111 ' IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�IIIE3�111:`��Ga111111�E��lllllllj IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIn111iiE11h,��.••;>;�..;�11111111111 Illlllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll�lllllllttl''!':i11Eii1111111111111111111 - 11111111111111111111111111111�1111�11111111�1111�11�''�.�'. ��;/IIE;711�111111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIL31111iNs'31!:,,.•,II.a11f�J1111111Gr11111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111111:31111b1:31!:".:' •:'::•"•`1111nIGi11111111 • - IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIEi6i1P:;`;:!.",;9i11ii1nr111111E!111111111 — 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111'iiil";:.,'!,• '�;%3!Ir111111E!iallllll 1111 IIIIIIIII�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�IIII�G�:: i��iil11�1111��'�1111111 1�11� 1111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111��_e;!', ';;;'1 111 fill ii l 11 iou HIM'ri'i nuuamm�nuule�.lnleel<�5:1 •:�;rnll�:n nn`�unnnunnnm nnumm�unnult�nnearA�.E :. -�nn1A��nnnnunnum . - Illllllllllllii!!III�If111111M1!�!' ,;!,_�,;�_��IIIIIIf11�i11111E311111111111111111 Illllllllllllii!!Illllfllllll+l��?e�!r"• - .::.�._:''i111111i11E31111111111n11111 Inlnluumllnn�:e:,.. ., ._.!,.:,a.,nmlluunnul�annnunuuln unnnnnemn�.: .., <., ' ..,.,.., — aunnnn��lununuuun ' uuuunlnnn!lunrl�.. :z:,....,....nlGamnnnlflutmmm�uut nnunnnnul!lund�...:�. 1111111111111111111l11�71111trlllli":!:� :k :! — ��Illllrl�tii .IIIIIWItlllllllllllllllllll ' f��`30111111� 11111111111��1�� 1111111111111111111111. 41 Illllliiilllllllllllllllll Iti1111111111111111f11f11111111aE:11111i.::...„?:1111111 III�11111111 1 1 liillllllllllllllllfllrlllllllt;IF!�IIIl :!:'':':a� '<:�II!IIII�IINIIIIIIIIII IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllEllllllllti;_••�: a?.!111�'llllllllllllllllllllll — 1111111111111111111111111111111�11IIIIIIIQ:�!•.:�::'�.,•:5!IIIG�Illlrllllllllll . Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllil'r.:�..::`+e31E31111.111111111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIfII►l�`.��`���:•<_•::71111:1111.!111111 nnunnulnnnunnnnunnnuunmm�ln::.:;:a.,e4a^7unnmm� nnunnnnuunnnumnnnnnnnulnnn:::,,;-;-� ":�,�mnmum lull nnnunnnnnnunnunnminnu :Ir6a3,:�f:m f n un nnnnunnnnn non non ununnnnt�-,:., �•f:nr�un ununnnuuuuunnuunnnnnuuumm�u�l �,. ;,;!�:�ul��l�n un ulllInnnnnml lfnn�IIIIII Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll��lw�i,,�;f:i"11111111 • Illlllllll llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllnllllllllllllllltll::;��'•." ?"IIt91111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIf111111111111111111111111111111U111t31►:;' '!11111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE31`::''•`":'llllll IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIt1E3►!,;°UIIIIII . IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE3►�.;:';,:�111111 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIfill fill Itll�ll �Illllll�llllllllle:! ;'Inlll Illllllllllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll 11111111tt``1 Ilf' 'lllll IIIIIIIIIIIIIII 1l1111111111111IIIIIfill 11 1111111111111.31f1�•�:71111 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 �11111H1�1.1 E31�i�' 'llll• nnunnnnnnm■■uununn■■■11 nnuunnnu■:ai .e•.an nnnunnnnunnnunnnn.nnnn nnunnnuusac :vn • 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111!l111111!�IE�+�°::�IIII 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 IIIIIIIIPIIIIIII!Ih>:;�:�illll • 11111111111111111111�1111111111111111111111 �I�i""�Alllllfi3t5•����IIII • 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 Iln"incAlllll�31': :;7111 11111111111111111111 IIIIIIIIItlllllllllfll WillIlII IIIIIIIw;;a,.-'IIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIn111111111111111111U II�IiilnUnll�l!! :: .:;nn .. nnunuuunnnuuunnnnnnnm �nnnl�unnn`;: nU1 nnnnumm�uunuuuunnunun un�tt`: -anm uuunnnuunnnnunnnnuunm num uo1-�••-;,;loon nnunnnnunuumnnnnnmum SHRIMP :uum nnunnnnuuunnunnnuunnm mm�1��,::.,1:,�:;.�►mnm unnnununnnnnunnnnunnlu nnnn!��::�">� '.. ;orlon • 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 UCi�■���:CC�Cu:+:E':Illfltll - Illflllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll IIIC.::'a:::::8: i;a"I[till Figure 20 confirms the conclusion that the records from 2001 through 2007 represent a period of below normal runoff in Lyman Creek and, therefore, decreased discharge from the block of Madison Limestone that provides the source of water discharging through the large spring on Lyman Creek. The latter conclusion can be put in the greater perspective of long-term hydrologic trends in the region by comparing the trends of the 1970 through 2007 flows (Figure 18) to the long-term trends of the Gallatin River watershed, as shown on Figure 21. Figure 21 is a plot of the cumulative departure from mean monthly flow for the Gallatin River near Gallatin Gateway, measured at U.S. Geological Survey stream flow gage USGS 06043500 for the period from August 1889 through September 2007. The cumulative departure curve is a powerful statistical tool used to reveal trends in data. The significance of the curve lies in the trend of the curve, not the absolute values. As shown on Figure 21, a downward trend in the cumulative departure curve indicates a period that is below average, in this case, below normal for precipitation and/or runoff. Similarly, an upward trend in the curve indicates a period of above normal precipitation and/or runoff. A level trend indicates a period of normal (average) moisture conditions in the watershed. On Figure 21, the cumulative departure from mean monthly stream flow in the Gallatin River reflects the period of below normal moisture that began in the 1920s and persisted through about the end of 1941. The period of below normal moisture conditions was followed by a period of essentially normal conditions (with a short dry spell in the early 1950s) until the beginning of 1961. Starting in 1961, above normal precipitation and runoff prevailed until 1975 when normal moisture conditions returned to the watershed. The period of normal moisture conditions prevailed through 1985 after which below normal conditions resumed. Therefore, most of the Lyman Creek data collected by the City of Bozeman in the period from 1970 through 1985 were in a period of either above normal or normal moisture conditions in the Gallatin River watershed. Comparison of Figure 17 to Figure 22 shows that the Lyman Creek watershed began to exhibit below normal moisture conditions by 1982. Likewise, comparison of cumulative departures for precipitation records at various parts of the Gallatin Valley to those for stream flow in the Gallatin River at Gallatin Gateway does not reveal exact correlation between the onsets of the various trends. These slight differences are to be expected for a comparison of stream flow from a large watershed that is mostly located at considerable distance from the precipitation stations in the Gallatin Valley or the small Lyman Creek watershed on the flank of the valley. Although it is expected that small differences should exist between all of these data, Figure 22 shows that there is an excellent correlation between precipitation trends measured in the Gallatin Valley and stream flow trends from the large mountainous watershed to the south of the valley. Within very acceptable limits, all the data show the same trends. 26 Figure 21: Long-term trends in stream flow in the Gallatin River watershed. 20 Precipitation records for the Gallatin Valley. to d .0 - O O — C L O t `Q L -20 A 4A M o Belgrade -4o , MSU Bozeman aGallatin Gateway ------- ---- - --- -- - - - -60 Iv' ", �000 ►`oOb ►`000 ell, ell 4bll� logo 4;1 4brp ,,off` ^oho 114111 ^oho 114011, *q 1b Ie 14101* 101oo ^OO, o►�+ ,�h+ ,�0+ ryo+ ,yo+ 'VA, ,yco+ �D�+ fig, ��.+ �►�" �o, �R>+ h1, moo, �p�, �"�, ��,, �►�, oo, oo, oA, Qec, oec, Oe4 Oe6 Oea Oeo Oe6 OeG Oea Dec, Oe6 Oeo Oe4 OeG oec, Oe6 OeG Dec, Dec, Dec, Oec, Oe66 0C, Oe4 USGS 06043500 Gallatin River near Gallatin Gateway through 9/30/2007. 15000 --- _ -__-._ �- _L=1_ I I L.I I ! I- I 1 1 -_-_ _ - I I I I l I. I =._ _ _ I. I I I I I I I -11 I _I i I I I I I I��YY _ O N 10000 _ I- I Missing Record ! = i I- -� - _ II 5000 _-- I I I I_ __ _� AA I I I I I r I_ - � _ IIII IIII - I IIII _ II ___ � I 1 I IIII__ __ III IIII_ II 111 IIII_.. --- - -_--L_I I O O I - --- - 1-- -_- (Q LL CL I I I I I I - t -5000 C 4:111.1 111 O I -I... _ 1_I_ .I I l l- r 11 1-1 .I I _J-I IV ._L__.I 11 I I..__...I I __ _. I- -I_ I _1_ I _ _ -10000 E ai -15000 -- 1I I I_ 1 I I -- (� - 1 - --I . I_I_ i I I I I I i _1 _I_ I - I- -I I I I -� - I I 1 _ -20000 IIIIIA Monthly Mean from 8/1/1889 =_--- I o'`" '��+ '�o' �°'+ ,tio" ti'1" �►�O' tib+ �`�+ ��•+ �►•+ ►�°'' ►.�'+ NA, ►CIO" NN', N`b+ N%, NN, o°'+ �a� Oe� �e� Oea Qe� Qe� Deg Oea Oea Oea �e� Qe� Oea oea Qe� Oea Oea Oea Oea �e� Oea Oea �e� Oea Oea 27 Likewise, the trends of the 1970 through 2007 data from Lyman Creek (Figure 17) correspond to the regional watershed trends, with the exception of the apparent upward trend on Figure 17 for the 2001 through 2007 data in a period of below normal moisture trends in the regional watershed. However, examination of Figure 17 shows that the statistical upward trend is a false trend resulting from very high year-to-year variability in the runoff from Lyman Creek during a period of the smallest flows in that limited data set. Moreover, year 2007 produced significantly greater flow than the previous six years, thus biasing the regression analysis of the small data set. Therefore, comparison of the 1970-2007 Lyman Creek flow data to the long-term regional trends indicates the period from 1970 through about 1982 was a period of normal precipitation and runoff whereas the later record from 2001 through 2007 was for a period of below normal conditions, i.e., a draught. Assuming that the hydrologic fluctuations in the watershed in the past are an indication of those that will take place in the future, it appears that the fluctuations in flow recorded in the records, both long-term and short-term, will be repeated in the future. However, despite the fluctuations in the amount of water available from the source, this analysis clearly shows benefits in both the annual volume of supply and the duration of summertime flows that will result from improvements to both the diversion works and the Lyman Creek Inlet Control Building. 5.2.3. RECOMMENDATIONS Expansion of the spring collection system should include, in order of priority, a new upper collector at the black drainpipe site, improved regulation of water currently bypassing the system through the overflow pipe, flow measurement after completion of improvements to the system to help design a lower collection system and a streamflow monitoring plan. Capture of water at the upper collector site could increase flow to the reservoir by 250-300 gpm. Capture of water bypassing the system through the overflow could increase flow to the reservoir by a minimum of 40 gpm and would significantly increase the time that the City could divert its entire water right. The lower collector site has the potential to capture an additional 250 gpm. In total, improvements to the Lyman Creek Spring Collection system could provide an additional 500 to 600 gpm to the City of Bozeman. 5.2.3.1 Upper Collector While the amount of water that can be captured varies seasonally it appears that 250 to 300 gallons per minute is available for capture at the proposed upper collector site during most of the year. The spring collector system should be constructed in such a manner to not disturb the existing collector and to maintain a groundwater classification of the supply. 28 The following steps are recommended in constructing the upper spring collector: 1. Remove soil and debris to bedrock depth from 10 to 20 feet upstream from the end of the black pipe to approximately 50 feet downstream. 2. Construct a compacted clay cutoff wall at the downstream end of the collector excavation. 3. Import washed gravel to act as a collection medium. 4. Install 12" stainless steel screen material at the bottom of the washed gravel. 5. Cover washed gravel with a geotextile and backfill with impervious material such as a clay cap. 6. Extend 12" pipe downstream below sheet pile wall of existing Spring Collector No. 2 and connect to existing 16" pipe at a point down gradient to allow for gravity flow. 7. Construct new overflow manhole structure. 8. Provide bypass piping and valves to allow for the new collector system to be isolated from the existing spring collection system. Permitting will be an important component of the project. Agencies of concern include the United States Army Corp of Engineers, the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks and the Montana Department of Environmental Quality. Permanent wetland impacts should be kept to less than one-tenth of an acre in order simplify permitting and to reduce project costs associated with mitigation of wetland loss. The estimated project cost for the spring expansion is listed in the table below: Upper Collector $120,000 Overhead/Profit 15% 18,000 Contingency 15% 18,000 Subtotal 156,000 Engineering 20%) 31,200 Total 187,200 The project should be constructed during low flow periods of the year. It is recommended that the work commence around October 1st to allow for reasonable working conditions and low flows. The project should take approximately 30 days to construct. Due to permitting constraints the project should be scheduled for 2009. 5.2.3.2 Overflow Collection The current operation for flow control is to set the flow control valve based on visual observations of the overflow at the diversion manhole just downstream of the spring. As discussed in section 2.1, this method of operation spills groundwater that was originally diverted by the groundwater collectors. The amount of spilled groundwater varies seasonally as the spring flow changes. Based on observations during the study the low value for overflow is in the range of 40 gallons per minute. This value increases 29 significantly during times of major changes in flow rates and when the total water collected in the spring exceeds the water treatment plant capacity. As explored in Technical Memorandum No. 2.2, there are a number of methods that could be employed to capture the overflow water. The following improvements would help to reduce the amount of overflow water: • Improved measurement of overflow water • Storage volume to allow for operation under small fluctuations in spring flow • Level/flow sensor to provide automated flow control or alarm functions • Real time level/flow data through radio telemetry from the spring to the Water Plant's SCADA system Three options have been explored to reduce the amount of overflow water that is spilled: Option I — Radio Telemetry— Overflow Water Flow Data This option includes the installation of a remote solar powered radio telemetry system and the construction of a flow measurement weir box on the overflow pipe of the new overflow manhole installed with the upper collector described in Section 3.1. This would allow for remote monitoring of the overflow. This data could be used to adjust the influent flow to the plant at more frequent intervals than the current visual observation procedures. The estimated project costs for implementing the radio telemetry and overflow measurement with the upper collector project are as follows: Radio Telemetry $12,000 Weir Box 6,000 Subtotal 18,000 Overhead/Profit 15% 2,700 Contingency 15% 2,700 Subtotal 23,400 Engineering 40% 9,400 Total 32,700 Option 11 — Reservoir for Flow Attenuation plus Option I This option would add a small reservoir to Option I to allow for increased flexibility in setting the plant influent rate. Details regarding the small reservoir are discussed in Technical Memorandum 2.2. Adding the reservoir to Option I would add approximately $45,000 in total project costs to Option I which would result in the total cost for Option II being approximately $78,000. 30 Option III — Postponing Improvements Implementing Option I or Option II at this time would reduce the amount of overflow water in the near term. Consideration should be given to postponing these improvements if the lower collector site is to be explored after construction of the upper collector. The reason for this is that the improvements installed under both Option I and Option II would need be relocated down the canyon if the lower collector is constructed. Recommended Option In deciding which option to pursue at this time the City should consider the following factors: • Need for water at this time compared to long term needs • Impact of existing operational constraints due to winter time access issues - Available budget It appears that the reasonable options to proceed with at this time are either Option I or Option III. If development of the lower collection site is projected to occur many years into the future it would is recommended that Option I be implemented at the time of the upper collector improvements. 5.2.3.3 Lower Collector Site The potential for capture of water at the lower collection site can be determined only after completion of upper collector system, capture or redirection of the overflow pipe and a complete year of streamflow monitoring has been performed. A few of the considerations in trying to capture the water seen in the mid to lower canyon is GWUDISW considerations, amount of flow in the mid to lower canyon section after capture of the water at the new upper collector site, and final construction and design considerations 5.2.3.3.1 Lower Collector Site Considerations A flow of surface water presently exists downstream from the drainpipe site and persists through the area where a second new collector is recommended, upstream from the existing upper surface water diversion site at the 3-foot weir. That flow of surface water is of concern to the second new collector in that it might cause groundwater diverted at that site to be under the direct influence of surface water and, therefore, trigger surface water treatment requirements for the Lyman Creek source. The surface water flow between the drainpipe site and the 3-foot weir includes at least the groundwater flowing from the area of the black drainpipe and the discharge from the overflow pipe on the manhole where the existing spring collectors feed into the main transmission line. However, it is presently not known if the flow includes an unidentified component of groundwater inflow to the Lyman Creek streambed between the drainpipe 31 site and the second collector site. Moreover, it is not known if construction of a new collector at the drainpipe site would end any groundwater contribution into Lyman Creek flow downstream from the drainpipe site, if in fact such a flow exists now. It is therefore recommended that construction of a new collector at the drainpipe site be followed by a period of observation of the Lyman Creek streambed downstream from the drainpipe site to determine if a flow of surface water persists in the streambed after the new collector is in operation. However, such observations will be affected by the discharges from the overflow pipe. The discharge of water from the overflow pipe on the inlet manhole to the main transmission line spills directly into the streambed of Lyman Creek and is therefore a complicating factor, both in inspecting the streambed for groundwater inflow and for preventing surface water infiltration into the second, downstream collector site recommended herein. In particular, it is clear that even with the addition of the new collectors recommended in this study, the diversion system will bypass overflows that exceed the diversion capacity in late May and early June of most years, thus causing undesirable surface water flow across the proposed downstream collector site. At least two solutions might be applied to deal with the surface water issues associated with the overflow as well as any groundwater that might potentially emerge into the Lyman Creek streambed to become surface flow in this area. One potential solution is to convey the overflow discharge through a pipe to a location downstream from the proposed new collector site. It is assumed the pipe would be part of a larger improvement to or replacement of the existing manhole structure at the inlet to the main transmission line. For example, the overflow might be piped into a storage reservoir, as discussed later in these recommendations. If there is no inflow of groundwater into the Lyman Creek streambed downstream from the new collector proposed at the drainpipe area, conveying the overflow discharge through a pipe would eliminate the potential problem of surface water flowing over the proposed downstream collector site. However, a pipe from the overflow would not collect any discharge of groundwater into the Lyman Creek streambed downstream from the overflow pipe, between the trapezoidal flume and the 3-foot weir, if such a flow exists. Therefore, a solution must be provided for such a flow, if it is present. One possible solution would be to line the Lyman Creek streambed with low permeability soil and utilize the entire reach of stream from the trapezoidal flume down to the 3-foot weir as a manmade wetland. Influent groundwater could enter the streambed through such a soil cap, however, the soil cap and associated wetland would provide filtration of any surface water flow that might enter back into the groundwater system. The goal of this approach would be to allow the proposed downstream collector to pass MPA and operate as groundwater under the influence of transient surface water flows with adequate filtration. The uncertainty about groundwater inflow to the Lyman Creek streambed between the trapezoidal flume and the 3-foot weir is the basis for the recommendation that the streambed of Lyman Creek be scrutinized for any evidence of groundwater inflow after 32 the new collector at the drainpipe site is installed. Observation of the streambed will probably require installation of a temporary pipe or low-pressure flat hose to bypass the overflow pipe discharge to a location downstream from the 3-foot weir without allowing it to enter the stream. The observations should be made for a couple of weeks after the high flows in June, when overflow is manageable and high groundwater levels that would cause any discharge into the streambed are most likely. 5.2.3.4 Monitoring Plan Monitoring plans for both this year (short-term) and the future (on-going) should be implemented. Short term monitoring should include measurements through the fall, installation of devices to improve accuracy of readings and cleaning of the flume. On- _ . going monitoring will be important in planning of a lower collector site (as discussed in 3.3.1) and for possible future diversions up to the full volume and flow rate of the water right the City holds. 5.2.3.4.1 Short Term Monitoring Program Monitoring at Lyman Creek should be continued by Morrison-Maierle, Inc. through the fall of this year to establish recession of the spring throughout the summer months and to install needed devices to increase measurement reading accuracy. Measurements at the three current meter sections should be performed until ice/snow limits the accuracy of the measurements. The weirs, flumes and the overflow should also be monitored through the same period. Tasks performed during short-term monitoring program include: • Installation of boards in 3-foot and 5-foot weirs located at the upper and lower ponds. • Installation of staff gauges at the Parshall flume, 3-foot weir, and the 5-foot weir. • Cleaning of Parshall flume including stilling well. • Installation of a pressure transducer in stilling well at Parshall flume. • Monthly current meter measurements through October at existing current meter sites. • Install Cutthroat flume with stilling well and transducer The cutthroat flume with stilling well and transducer should be installed at the location known as CM-1. This would enable flow to be directly measured in the section above the Overflow and the Trapezoidal flume. The advantage to the cutthroat flume is that it is not permanent, therefore could be removed and used elsewhere after construction of the upper collector. The cutthroat flume is also less invasive, is easily installed and can 33 measure a wide range of flows. Total cost of the short-term monitoring plan, including cost of flume and pressure transducers would be approximately $8,500. 5.2.3.4.2 On-going Monitoring Program Monitoring by city personnel should be carried out until the City has fully utilized the Lyman Creek Water rights. Even if flow is captured using a combination of new collectors at both the upper and lower collector sites, future use could potentially be through surface water diversion at the Lower Diversion Pond. This information will be invaluable to the City in planning further diversions on Lyman Creek. Recommended monitoring sites and intervals are as follows: • Cutthroat Flume at site CM-1: Set logger to record measurements every 15 minutes, download once a month, download data in tabular form. Read and record level on staff gauge bi-weekly from September 1 to April 1 as weather and - access permit, weekly from April1 to August 31 • Trapezoidal flume: Set logger to record measurements every 15 minutes, download once a month, download data in tabular form. Read and record level on staff gauge bi-weekly from September 1 to April 1 as weather and access permit, weekly from April1 to August 31 • 3-foot weir: Bi-weekly from September 1 to April 1 as weather and access permit, weekly from April to August 31 • Parshall Flume: Set logger to record measurements every 15 minutes, download once a month, download data in tabular form. Read and record level on staff gauge bi-weekly from September 1 to April 1 as weather and access permit, weekly from April1 to August 31 • 5-foot weir: Bi-weekly from September 1 to April 1 as weather and access permit, weekly from April to August 31 • Instantaneous plant inflow to the Lyman Creek Reservoir should be recorded each time manual measurements are performed. Each site should be evaluated during monitoring according to the Lyman Creek Measurement Procedure Chart contained in Appendix A. Daily Monitoring sheets, yearly monitoring sheets, monitoring procedures and discharge tables for each device have been included both electronically and in hard copy format in Appendix A. 5.2.4. CONCLUSION The City of Bozeman could potentially expect an additional 500 to 600 gpm of water from the Lyman Creek source after implementation of spring improvements on Lyman Creek. Improvements would include construction of an upper collector site, better 34 regulation of the overflow, and a lower collector site. Construction at the upper collector site would entail installation of a collector system consisting of washed gravel, screens, a clay cutoff wall, a clay cap, pipeline and overflow manhole structure. This improvement would add 250-300 gpm to the system. Improved regulation of the overflow through improvements would add a minimum additional 40 gpm to the reservoir and allow the City divert their full water right for a longer duration in the summer. Monitoring flow in Lyman Creek after addition of the upper collector and improved regulation of the overflow will potentially allow the City to site a third collector that could bring an additional 250 gpm to the reservoir. On-going monitoring after all recommended improvements are made would allow the City to investigate the merits of diverting the remaining water at the lower diversion pond as surface water if needed in the future. 35 4, :49 pajedaid •Jn ,�1Qa••I l ��. �~ m N�f auou Ilam s!Ile 6ol-dois ay! •uog!Puoo s,i!Jo o do)ssaoe mo uuo!un gjim uealo aus ayi;noge uogeuuo;u!luouped ua�le;sem WdJ pue auou u!peaj elemoae amsul of uealo algepeei Jaylo Aue pue sAelap 6uunseaw Sdo u!a6beyos!p ua66o!e;ep peolumop Allsee lou pue 41P a6e6 elS P I P luawa�nseaw 1J auslnbai se pam se pauuoyad leyi awg prooaa of s6u!pe8j OWpue a6e6 ge;S auou •aoe}lns jaleM o;'a6e gels Beau aloyueyy;o 6ulp4 lelye awnid leojy;Ino aoueualu!ew pue 6wueala Aue aloN gels uanuoo awng;o aseq wok Salem;o y;dap ainseaW 6ulpnlsul)a6e6 gels ueyl jay6l4 mold inoy;.ro; aolnap y nay;mop ao!nap ay;y6nayl mog uualle s;uawamseew Aelao jadad A;uan pue suogoruisgo jeelo/ueelo jo 6w1oruisgo uo4ela6an Jo sugao auou pam s!lie ;envy; uoglpuoo s,;!Jo ay;y6nay;mog uuogun ygm uea to alls a ;lno a uo!euuo u!luau! ed ua Wd�J Pue auou 6w ear a eunooe a�nsu!o uea o 4 g 3 ) }r �lel sem �afi6oi P l 3 I algepea� IGLOO AUGpue sAelap 6uunseaw Sdo u!a6jeyoslp Allsea lou pue A>rlp a6e6 ;! P ! P luawaunseaw o;s6ulpea 96e6 e;ep peolumop pue auou aoe ns ja;em o;'a a e;s Beau ge-d awnl j alls!nba�se pam se pauuoyad leyi aw!)PJooaa a6e6 ge;S weeilsd� 11 (aloyueW;o ulpy le!ye leplozedeil aoueuapew pue 6uluealo Aue a;oN gels jIanuoo 'awng;o aseq wo4jelem;o yidep ainseeV4 6ulpnlou!)a6e6 gels ueyi J84614 mold moy l jo; ao!nap y nay;mog aolnap ay;46nayl mog woMe s;uawainseew Aelao jadad A;uan pue suolloruisgo jeepueelo JO 6uporuisgo uogela6an jo sugao auou pam s!pe ol- ols ay; •uog!puoo s,ll Jo ;o do;ssojoe mog uuo;!un y;!m ueelo Opp ayi lnoge uo!;euuo;u!;ueuped uaMel sem WdJ Pue auou 6ulpeej a;ejnooe-nsu!of uealo algepeei Iaylo Aue pue sAelap 6uunseaw Sdo ul aCueyoslp luawamseew 96e6 gels Al!sea;ou pue Ay!p a6e6 ge;S (lapno euodJaddn) aps!nbei se gam se pauuopad ley;awg p-Jooaa of s6ulpeaj a6e6 inoy i jo; aoeld ul s)6o1 ols ueelo i1 japun jo punoae 6ulmog jalem nam looj-c aoueualu!ew pue 6uluealo Aue aloN gels uanuoo sluaweinseaw Aelao 4pm paleas Auadadw!6ol-doiS inoy i jo; aolnap y nojy;mog aolnap ay;46nayl mog 6uualle s;uawanseaw Aelao jaded A;uan pue suogoru;sgo jealo/ueelo Jo 6ugoru;sgo uogela6an Jo sugao auou pam s!Ile 1e0JL4 ay;y6nayl mog uuo;!un 4Um uealo volllpuoo s,l!�o Wdo P auou ulpea alownooe ainsul o;uealo algepeai ells ay;lnoge uo!;euuo;u!luaugaad ua�lel sem pue ]lam 6ugl!is u! A isea ou IGLOO Aue pue sAelap 6uunseaw Sdo u!a6Deyoslp I. ; pue Aulp a6e6gels 43 p I P luawanseaw �a66o1 a;ep peolumop uuo; ulpodej uol ou a I!iS 4l y6nayl mog 6uuep ewnij geysie al!slnbei se pam se pauuoyad leyl awg prooa of s6wpeei a6e6 i ry p m 6ul! a d a Pue a6e6 gels�anuoo ge;S uo suolloe a;ou)auou iadad amsul pue suogon4sgo jealo/uealo jo 6ugorulsgo uoge;a6an�o sugao aoueua;ulew pue 6uluealo AUG aloN moo 6 jo; aolnap y nayl mog aolnap ay;y nayl mog 6uualle sluawamseew Aelao iadad A;uan pue suolloru;sgo jealo/ueelo jo 6w;orulsgo uoge;a69n 10 sugao auou pam s!Ile ol- ols ay; •uo!upuoo S.P.Jo ;o do;ssaoe mog uuogun y;lm ueslo ails ay;lnoge uogeuuo;ul lueupied uaNe;sem Wdo Pue auou 6wpe9j alejnooe amsui of uealo algepeau Iaylo Aue pue sAelap 6uunseaw luawain Sjo u!e6jeyoslp seaw 96e6 ge;S AI!see lou pue Ay!p 96e6 gels (inno puod,amoj) auslnbau se llem se pauuoped ;eyl awl of s6ulpeei 96e6 inoy L io; eoeld u! s 6o dos uea r ja un jo unae u!mo is em j!a l p�ooaa ge;s yanuoo sluawainseew Aelao ) ! 3 to i. p p g 3 M looj S aoueua;ulew pue 6uluealo Aue aloN ql!m paleas Auadadwl 6ol-dolS inoy i jo; aalnap y6nay;mog ao!nap ay;y nay;mog 6uua41e s;uawajnseew Aelao iadad A;uan pue suo!lorulsgo aeepueelo jo 6upruisgo ua;e;a6an Jo sugao -T (wd6 pue s;o) (s)uol;eoo l sa;oN awll aCueyoslp ;uawamseeW Aelap;uawa�nseayy uo!loV uoplpuoo ao!naa ails molaq palsy Jenia;ui Ae)ap popuawwooai ay;uey;ssa( ou Aq sauawainseew lie Ae)ap'aamap a uo pawJo)jad si aoueualulew Aue 11 uoijounjjew ay;jjodGU pue alou 'mog wjo;(un ajolsej of alq)ssod Sou si l!;I •sugap pue uoi;e;a6an;o aomap ay;6uipunalins eaje ayl 6uiue9jo pue suoi;oru;sgo 6umowaj Aq elq!ssod;i;!Apewei pue asneo ay;ouiwielep Aliedad 6utmog;ou si Ja;em jj •aomap 9y110 weeilsuMop ao weallsdn Jo e01Aap ay;Ulq)!m suogonilsgo ou y;iM aomap yoea g6nayl Alwjo;iun pue Ajy;oows mog sAemle pinogs J93eM •aomap ay;gBnay;6uimog Apedad si Jalem p auiwja;aa •luawainseew of joud a;is yoea alenjena sAemly •lC ;sn6ny of 111dy woj; AlMeam pue pwied ssaooe pue jegjeam se L Judy o; 6 jagwaldaS wa; AiNeem-iq painseew aq pinogs a;is yoea :Sejnpaoad(eJauaE peyo aanpaaoad ;uaweinseeW a6aey3si(3 )jaaa3 uewA-1 ani'3��Id1/II �!� ,�• Feel �� NOSMIOW ' T '6ulue9jo 6ulnn01101 SAeJap 6ulpeaJ luenalaJ pue sainp000id 5uluealo se Ilann se al!s pea aol suo!leool buunseew ao;}jeyo ainp000ad ay}llnsuoo aseald ---- - - ownld leojquno (yego sainpooad aos)awn6 jo wogoq o,jaleM jo gldap pjooai a6e6 jje,s anoge si Jan31)I awnl j lep!ozodeil (lallno puod — - --..—Jaddn)naM;ood-S --- ownlzi IleysJed -- (199no Puod JaMol)l!aM lood-S e/u e/u e/u e/u ;a!u!nonJasaa )!aaj3 uewA-1 (wd6) (sbo) (laa�) (N/A) sa;oN aw!1 a6jeyos!Q a6jeyos!Q 6u!peaa a6eO}}elg paueal� uo!l!puoD ao!naa ol!g :lauuosJad :Jay;eaM :sled wao=l :podaa juawainseaw a6aeyasi(3 )iaaa:o uewA-1 CJ r C C ��Cyy w = d o w i5 a) d E Elm = Q O Mn rn � o O � CL O � U N d a) L � C9 � C� R 'D L a1 L co V Q P� �itVHd< m .. m U H do a) Eoa Ea) � E (D Ea� a�i Eon EoC E iA E � = E � E LL � E � _� ' > > M 2 m E ate) a7 '� 2 N LL O fC LL L L a3 Ll. C L O '� a7 ll C 'O '� N LL C L O a] LL. C 3 = io LL C ' a3 — C (� a) Il' a) +' •` O LL O :O �' O L.L N p `- O LL N ;S7 .. O LL a) :6 O LL a) �. O LL N O u — � o o � — � o m .o � — � o io 'off — � o o � — � o m —:! — o 'o — o oo � � o oo LL f0 N O .+ f0 .� N 2 Z N N OL � f0 N O j> — f0 N O` N .+ N «+ N N 0 .+ N N ` 0 a) O O L O a) sOO cO m t O C O a) r OO N O O OO a) O O a)* GP O ` O fl. y 0 0 a 0 ` O Cl. 0 ` O d y O L 0 C3. y 0 ` O Cl ) 0 ` O O. y 0 ` O 0.. �uT 7 a) 4 CU 4 � 7 a) L� ca � � 7 a) � (p � � 7 a) � � f0 7 a) LL ca LL N 7 a) 4 a) LL a) 7 a) LL � � � a) dMH- UOfLn � MI- 0X0CLMI— UW0mcv) I— UQ' lnEici) ilf nMc) UQ' lpd6Zolof no- MHUQ' Lyman Creek Discharge Conversion Table Discharge Conversions for 24-Inch Parshall Flume Discharge Conversions for Standard Suppressed Rectangular Weirs Discharge Conversions for 2" Discharge Conversions for 45 degree Trapezoidal Flume 8"Cutthroat Flume Gage Discharge Gage Discharge Gage Dischar a for: Gage Discharge for Gape Discharge for Gage Discharge for �--- Reading P•nch•tl Flom• Reading P•r•halI Flume Reading 3 Foot Weir 5 Foot Weir Reading 5 Foot Weir Reading Tre zoIdal Flume Reading Cutthroat Flume N cfs m N cfs m N cfs m cfs m N cfs m ft cfs m N ctt m 0.20 0.6E 296.2 0.91 6.91 3101.2 0.20 0.89 401.2 1.49 668.7 1.01 16.90 7584.7 0.11 0.03 12.4 0.10 0.04 19.00 f 0:21 0.71 318.6 0.92 7.03 3155.1 0.21 0.96 431.3 1.60 718.1 1.02 77.20 7719.4 0.12 0.03 14.7 0.11 0.05 23.0 0.2Z 0.77 345.6 0.93 7.15 3208.9 0.22 1.03 462.3 1.72 771.9 1.03 77.40 7809.1 0.13 0.04 17.2 0.12 0.06 27.4 0.23 0.82 394.0 0.94 7.27 3262.8 0.23 1.10 493.7 1.84 825.8 1.04 17.70 7943.8 0.14 0.04 19.9 0.13 0.07 32.1 0.24 0.88 394.9 0.95 7.39_3316.6 0.24 1.17 525.1 1.9E 879.E 1.05 17.90 8033.5 0.15 0.05 22.8 0.14 0,08 37.2 0.25 0.99 444.3 0.97 7.63 3424.3 0.25 1.32 592.4 2.08 933.5 1.06 10.20 8168.2 0.16 0.06 25.9 0.15 0.10 42.8 0.2E 0.99 444.3 0.97 7.63 3424.3 0.2E 1.32 592.4 2.21 991.8 1.07 18.40 8257.9 0.17 0.07 29.3 0.1E 0.11 48.E L 0.27 1.05 471.2 0.98 7.75 3478.2 0.27 1.40 628.3 2.34 1050.2 1.08.18.70 8392.6 0.18 0.07 32.8 0.17 0.12 54.9 0.28 1.11 4982 0.99 7.88 3536.5 0.28 1.48 664.2 2.47 1108.5 1.09 18.90 8482.3 0.19 0.08 36.6 0.18 0.14 61.6 0.30 1.17 525.1 1.00 8.00 3590.4 0.29 L56 700.1 2:60 1166.9 1.10 19.20 8617.0 0.20 0.09 40.E 0.19 0.15 fi8.6 0.30 1.24 556.5 1.01 8.12 3844.3 0.30 1.64 736.0 2.74 1229.7 1.11 19.50 8751.E 0.21 0.10 44.9 0.20 0.17 76.0 0.31 1.30 683.4 1.02 8.25 3702.6 0.31 1.72 771.9 2.87 1288.1 1.12 19.70 8841.4 0.22 0.11 49.4 0.21 0.19 83.8 0.32 1.44 614.9 1.03 8.37_3756.5 0.32 1.81 812.3 3.01 1350.9 1.13 20M 8976.0 0.23 0.12 54.2 0.22 0.20 92.0 0.33 1.44 646.3 1.04 8.50 3814.8 0.33 1.89 848.2 3.16 1418.2 1.14 20.30 9110.6 0.24 0.13 59.2 0.23 D.22 700.5 0.34 1.50 673.2 1.05 8,53 3873.1 0.34 1.96 888.6 3.30 1481.0 1.15 20.50 9200.4 0.25 0.14 64.5 0.24 0.22 100.5 0.36 1.57 704.E 1.07 8.7E-3985.5 0.35 2.07 929.0 3.45 1548.4 1.16 20.80 9335.0 Q26 0.1E 70.1 0.25 0.2E 118.8 0.3E 1.64 738,0 1.07 8.88 3985.3 0.38 2.16 969.4 3.60 1615.7 1.17 21.10 9469.7 0.27 0.17 75.9 0.28 0.29 128.4 0.38 1.71 767.4 1.08 9.14 4102.7 0.37 2,25 1009.8 3.75 1683.0 1.18 21.30 9559.4 0.28 0.18 82.1 0.27 0.31 138.5 0.38 1.79 803.4 1.09 9.14 4102.0 0.38 2.34 1050.2 3.90 1750.3 1.18 21.60 9694.1 0.29 0.20 88.5 0.28 0.33 149.0 0.40 1.8E 83q.8 1.10 9.40 41 60.4218- 0.39 2.43 1090.E 4.0E 1822.1 7.20 21.90 9828.7 0.30 0.21 95.1 0.29 0.3E 159.8 f �I 27 0.40 1.93 866.2 1.11 9.40 4218.7 0.40_ 2.53 1135.5 4.21 1889.4 1.21 22.20 9963.4 0.31 0.23 102.1 0:30 0.38 171.0 L 0.41 2,01 902.1 1.12 9.54 4281.E 0.41 _ 2.62 1175.9 4.37 1961.3 1.22 22.40 10053.1 0.32 0,24 109.4 0.31 0.41 182.6 0.42 2.09 938.0 1.13 9.67 4339.9 0.42_ 2.72 1220.7 4.53 2033.1 1.23 22.70 10187.8 0.33 0.28 117.D 0.32 0.43 194.E 0.43 2.1E 969.4 1.14 9.80 4398.2 0.43 2.82 1265.E 4.69 2104.9 1.24 23.00 10322.4 0.34 0.28 124.9 0.33 0.4E 206.9 0.44 2.24 1005.3 1.15 9.93 4456.E 0.44 2.92 1310.5 4.86 2181.2 1.25 23.30 10457.0 0.35 0.30 133.1 0.34 0.49 219.6 0.45 2.40 1041.2 1.18 10.07 4519.4 0.45 3.02 1355.4 5.03 2257.5 1.2E 23.50 1054fi.8 0.38 0.32 141.E 0.35 0.52 232.8 (- 0.4E 2.40 1077.1 1.17 10.20 4577.8 0.46 3.12 1400.3 5.19 2329.3 1.27 23.80 10681.4 0.37 0.34 150.4 0.3E 0.52. 232.2 0.47 2.48 1113.0 1.18 10.34 4640.E 0.47 3.22 1445.1 5.3E 2405.E 1.28 24.10 10816.1 0.38 0.36 159.E 0.37 0.58 260.1 0.49 2.57'65 1189.4 1.19 10.61 4761.4 0.48 3.32 1490.0 5.54 2486.4 1.29 24.40 10950.7 0.39 0.38 169.1 0.3E 0.61 274.4 �.� 0.49 2.65 1189.3 1.20 10.61_4761.8 0.49 3.43 1539.4 5.71 2562.6 1.30 24.70 11085.4 0.40 0.40 178.9 0.39 0.64 289.0 0.51 2.82 1225.2 1.20 17.38 7800.1 0.50 3.53 1584.3 5.89 2643.4 1.31 25.00 11220.0 0.41 0.42 189.1 0.40 0.68 304.0 0.51 2.90 1265.E 1.22 77.71 7876.4 0.51 3.64 1633.E 8.0E 2719.7 1.32 25.30 11354.6 0.42 0.44 199.E 0.41 0671 319.4 r 0.52 2.90 1301.5 1.22 17.71 7948.2 0.52 3.75 1683.0 6.24 28D0.5 1.33 25.50 11444.4 0.43 0.47 210.5 0.42 0.75_335.2 0.53 2.99 1341.9 1.23 17.88 8024.5 0.53 3.85 1727.9 6.42 2881.3 1.34 25.80 11579.0 0.44 0.49 221.7 0.43 0.78 _335.2 0.54 3.08 1382.3 51,3 1.24 18.04 8096.4 0.54 3.9E 1777.2 6.61 2966.6 1.35 26.10 11713.7 0.45 0.52 233.3 0.44 0,82 367.8 u 0.56 3.26 1463.1 1.26 18.37 8172.E 0.55 4.07 1826.E 6.79 3047.4 1,36_26.40 11848.3 0.46 0.55 245.3 0.45 0.86 384.8 0.5E 3.2E 1463.1 1.2E 18.37 8244.5 0.58 4,19 1880.5 6.98 3132.E 1.37 26.70 11963.0 0.47 0.57 257.E 0.48 0.90 402.0 0.57 3.35 1503.5 1.27 18.54 6320.8 0.57 4.30 1929.8 TV 3217.9 1.38 27.00 12117.E 0.48 0.60 270.3 0.47 0.94 419.7 r. 0.58 3.44 1543.9 1.28 18.71 8397.0 0.58 4.41 1979.2 7.35 3298.7 1.39 27.30 12252.2 0.49 0.63 283.3 0.48 0.98 437.8 0.59 3.53 1584.3 1.29 18.87 8468.9 0.59 4.53 2D33.1 7.55 3388.4 1.4D 27.60 12386.9 0.50 0.66 296.8 0.49 1.02 456.2 0.61 3.72 1624.7 1.31 99.21 8545.2 0.60 4.64 20B2.4 774 3473.7 1.47 27.90 12521.5 0.51 0.69_ 310.E 0.50 1.0E 475.0 `..i 0.61 3.72 1669.5 1.31 19.21 8621.4 0.61 4.76_2136.3 7.93 3559.0 1.42 28.20 12656.2 0.48 0.60 270.3 0.51 1.10 494.2 0.63 3.91 1754.9 1.32 19.38 8697.7 0.82 4.88 2190.1 8.13 3648.7 1.43 28.50 12790.8 0.49 0.63 283.3 0.52 1.14 113.8 0.64 3.01 1799.7 1.33 19.55 8774.0 0.83 5.00 2244.0_ 8.33 3738.5 1.44 28.80 12925.4 0.50 0.6E 296 8 0.53 1.19 533.7 0.84 4.01 1799.7 1.34 19.72 8850.3 0.84 5.11 2293.4 6.52 3823.8 1.45 29.10 13060.1 0.51 0.69 310.6 0.54 1.23 554.0 1 0.65 4.10 1840.1 1.35 19.89 8926.6 0.65 5.24 2351.7 8.73 3918.0 1.46 29.40 13194.7 0.52 0.72 324.8 0.55 1.28 574.8 0.65 4.10 1840.1 1.3E 20.0E 9002.9 0.66 5.36 2405.6 8.93 4007.8 1.47 29.70 13329.4 0.63 0.7E 339.4 0.58 1.33 595.8 0.88 4.20 1885.0 1.37 20.24 9083.7 0.87 5.48 2459.4 9.[3 4097.5 1.48 30.00 13464.0 0.54 0.79 354.4 0.57 1.3E 817.3 0.87 4.30 1929.8 1.38 20.41 916D.0 0.68 5.60 2513.3 9.34 4191.8 1.49 30.30 13598.6 0.56 0.82 369.8 U. 1.42 639.2 0.68 4.40 1974.7 1.39 20.58 9236.3 0.89 5.73 2571.E 9.54 4281.6 1.50 30.60 13733.3 0.56 0.86 386.6 0.59 1.47 _ 661.4 0.89 4:50 2019,6 1.40 20.75 9312.E 0.70 5.85 2625.5 9.75 4375.8 1.51 30.90 13867.9 0.57 0.90 g01.8 0.80 1.52 684.0 0.70 4.71 216- 1.41 2093 9393.4 0.71 5.98 2683.8 9.9E 4470.0 1.52 31.20 14002.E 0.58 0.93 418.4 0.61 1.58 7oZ0 0.71 4.71 2113.8 1.42 21.10 9469.7 0.72 6.10 2737.7 10.20 4577.8 1.53 31.50 14137.2 0.59 0.97 435.5 0.62 1.58 707.4 0.72 4.81 2158.7 1.43 21.28 9550.5 0.73 6.23 2796.0 10.40 4667.5 1.54 31.80 14271.8 0.60 1.01 452.9 0.63 1.68 754.1 �+ 0.73 4.02 2203.E 1.44 21.45 9626.8 0.74 6.3E 2854.4 10.60 4757.3 0.61 1.05 470.8 0.64 1.73 778.2 0.74 5.02 2253.0 1.45 21.63 9707.5 0.75 6.49 2912.7 00.80 4847.0 0.62 1,09 489.1 0.65 1.79 802.8 0.75 5.23 2347.2 1.47 21.81 9788.3 0.78 6:62 2971.1 11.00 4936.8 0.63 1.13 507.9 0.68 1.84 827.6 --t 0.78 5.23 2347.2 1.47 2t.98 9864.E 0.77_8.75 3029.4 11.20 5026.E 0.84 1.17 527.1 0.68 1.94 852.9 0.77 5.34 2396.E 1.48 22.16 9945.4 0.78_ 6.88 3087.7 11.50 5161.2 0.65 1.22 546.7 0.68 1.9E 878.E 0.78 5.44 2441.5 1.49 22.34 10026.2 0.79 7.01 3146.1 11.70 5251.0 0.6E 1.2E 566.7 0.69 2.02 904.E 5.55 2490.8 1.50 22.52 10107.0 0.80 7.15 3208.9 11.90 5340.7 0.67 1.31 587.2 0.70 2.07 931.0 0.8 5.6E 2540.2 1.5 22. 10187.8 0.81 Z28 32fi7.3 12.10 5430.5 0.68 0.81 5.77 2589.E 1.52 22.88 1.35 608.2 88 10268.5 0.82_7.42 3330.1 22.40 5565.1 0.89 1.40 629.E 0.82 5.88 2638.9 1.53 23.08 10349.3 0.83 7.55 3388.4 12.60 5654.9 0.70 1.45 651.4 0.83 5.99 2688.3 1.54 23.24 10430.1 0.84 7.69 3451.3 12.80 5744.E 0.71 1.50 673.7 0.84 6.11 2742.2 1.55 23.42 10510.9 0.85 7.83 3514.1 13.00 5834.4 0.72 1.55 696.5 0.85 6.22 2791.5 1.5E 25.2E 11336.7 0.88 7.97 3576.9 13.30 5969.0 0.73 1.fi0 719.7 0.8E 6.45 2840.9 1.57 27.15 12184.- 0.87 8.11 3639.8 13.50 6058.8 0.74 1.6E 743.5 0.88 6.45 2944.1 1.58 29.08 13051.1 0.88 8.25 3702.E 13.70 6148.E 0.75 171 767.6 0.88 6.5E 2944.1 1.59 31.07 13944.2 0.89 8.39 3765.4 14.00 6283.2 0.76 1.77 792.3 0.89 6.6B 2998.0 1.60 33.10 14855.3 0.90 8.53 3828.3 14.20 6373.0 0.77 1.82 817.4 j 0.90 6.79 3047.4 0.91 8.67 3891.1 14.50 6507.6 0.78 1.88 843.0 0.92 8.82 3958.4 14.70 6597.4 0.79 1.94 869.1 0.93 8.96 4021.2 14.90 6687.1 0.80 2.00 895.7 0.94 9.10 4084.1 15.20 6821.8 0.81 2A6 922.8 0.95 91.25A151.4 15.40 6911.5 0.82 2.12 950.4 4y�.BO2 P'fs 0.9E 9.40 15.70 7046.2 0.83 218 0780.97 9.54 1590 7135.90.98 g.69 ��14!2�;O7270.E0.99 9.846.40 7360.31.00 9.996.70 7495.0 MORRISON '<< �883 ■■ MMERLE,INC. n1 rl Lyman Creek Discharge Yearly Measurement Report Form Reservoir Influent Date and Time Influent (cfs) Influent (gpm) +�BOZF� TZ A'MORRISON --188 -�_� ■■ MAIERLE,INC. ,� ♦�r�W Lyman Creek Discharge Yearly Measurement Report Form 5-Foot Weir Date and Time Staff Gage Discharge Discharge Reading (feet) (cfs) (gpm) O - • 12,MOlUUSON 18e3 ME MAIERLE,I.VC. 1 J Lyman Creek Discharge Yearly Measurement Report Form Parshall Flume Date and Time Staff Gage Discharge Discharge Reading (feet) (cfs) (gpm) U Z ='MORRISON tees ■■ MAIERLE,INC. ` ,rN Qp N�a to Gy.a::-U.ndtiyv.!. Lyman Creek Discharge Yearly Measurement Report Form 3-Foot Weir Date and Time Staff Gage Discharge Discharge Reading (feet) (cfs) (gpm) by�BOyF�f MOIOS ■U'MAIE E vc. 1883 N 0p M r Lyman Creek Discharge Yearly Measurement Report Form Trapezoidal Flume Date and Time Staff Gage Discharge Discharge Reading (feet) (cfs) (gpm) r y �kMORRISON ■■ MAIERLE,NC. N pp M i r ..a Lyman Creek Discharge Yearly Measurement Report Form Cutthroat Flume Date and Time staff Gage Discharge Discharge Reading (feet) (cfs) (gpm) �y aozF 9 • _ MMUSON --883 _< AMMERLE,ivc.