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Home My WebLink About220 W Main St 2021 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD For the Montana National Register of Historic Places Program and State Antiquities Database Montana State Historic Preservation Office Montana Historical Society PO Box 201202, 1410 8th Ave Helena, MT 59620-1202 Property Address: 220 W Main St Historic Address (if applicable): City/Town: Bozeman Site Number: 24GA0918 Historic District Number (if applicable): County: Gallatin Historic Name: Holy Rosary Church Rectory Original Owner(s): Current Ownership Private Public Current Property Name: Holy Rosary Catholic Church Owner(s): Roman Catholic Bishop Owner Address: PO Box 1729, Helena, MT 59624 Phone: Legal Location PM: Montana Township: 2S Range: 6E SW ¼ SW ¼ NW ¼ of Section: 7 Lot(s): Lot 1 Block(s): Block C Addition: Story Addition Year of Addition: 1872 USGS Quad Name: Bozeman Year: 1987 Historic Use: Religious Current Use: Religious Construction Date: Church 1907-1908; Rectory 1912 Estimated Actual Original Location Moved Date Moved: UTM Reference www.nris.mt.gov NAD 27 or NAD 83 (preferred) Zone: 12 Easting: 496813.92 Northing: 5058353.59 National Register of Historic Places NRHP Listing Date: 1987 Historic District: NRHP Eligible: Yes No *Property meets the City of Bozeman’s definition of an eligible property (see below). Date of this document: 4/22/2021 Form Prepared by: S. Wells and R. Schields, Metcalf Archaeological Consultants, Inc. Address: PO Box 1526, Bozeman, MT 59771 Daytime Phone: (406) 219-3535 MT SHPO USE ONLY Eligible for NRHP: □ yes □ no Criteria: □ A □ B □ C □ D Date: Evaluator: Comments: Rectory is listed in the NRHP MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 2 Architectural Description Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION Architectural Style: Gothic Revival If Other, specify: Property Type: Religious Specific Property Type: Church and Rectory Architect: Church: Guido Beck; Rectory: Fred F. Willson Architectural Firm/City/State: Builder/Contractor: Company/City/State: Source of Information: James R. McDonald Architects 1983-1984 Holy Rosary Church Rectory Montana Historical Architectural Inventory Form. Document on-file with the City of Bozeman, Bozeman, MT. This site is the Holy Rosary Catholic Church and Rectory, previously recorded as distinct structures though they share a street address at 220 W Main St. For the purposes of this site update, Metcalf has added feature labels to the two. Feature 1 is the Rectory and Feature 2 is the Church. The Church and Rectory were originally separate buildings, but due to additions, the buildings are now connected. Both buildings were first recorded by James R. McDonald Architects in 1984. The Rectory was added to the NRHP by Bick in 1987. The church itself was omitted due to alteration and, as such, does not have a distinct SITs number. McDonald described Feature 1, the Rectory as follows: "This two-story, brick church rectory was built in the Neo-Gothic Revival style with a rectangular plan and the Gothic arched entrance marked by a small, crenelated overdoor protrusion. The facade is symmetrical and consists of a central front entrance with a small, double hung, Gothic arched window above, and two sets of one-over-one arched windows with stone keystones on each level. The windows of the front facade have Gothic window heads and stone lintels. The detailed brick design on the parapet features a corbeled blind arcade and stone coping. The axis of the roof lies perpendicular to the street." McDonald described Feature 2, the Church, as follows: "This church was constructed in the Romanesque Revival style, using Hebron granite brick and featuring sandstone sills, slate roof and Munich stained glass. There are squared turrets on the front corners and lower-level squared corner turrets of the same style on a 1981 vestibule addition that extends across the entire front. There are three arched entrances to the main part of the vestibule and arched stained glass windows in the turrets and main hall of the church. An eight-sided spire extends above one of the front turrets. The running bond brick coursing has elaborate detailing on all levels. It sits on a cut stone foundation and the gable roof is covered with cedar shingles. Outbuildings include an education center at the rear of the church. The axis of the roof of the church is perpendicular to the street." Metcalf visited the site in 2020 and found these descriptions no longer accurate. While both facades remain unchanged, the Church has sustained additions to the west, south, and east elevations which connect the church to the southwest corner of the Rectory. Between 2010 and 2011, the Holy Rosary Church constructed a 2-story, east-west transept that intersected the chancel of the original Church at a 90 degree angle to create a cruciform shape (Bozeman Daily Chronicle). At the same time, the church demolished an existing convent to the south and added a single-story addition around the south elevation of the new transepts, extending the Church 40 feet to the south (Bozeman Daily Chronicle). This addition connected the southwest corner of the Rectory to the main church building. The new additions to the west, south, and east elevations of the Church match the Gothic Revival details of the original building. The additions are composed of blonde brick with pointed arched windows and sandstone sills. The roof of the south addition is flat and topped with a parapet and coping; two gable walls are present on the south elevation with brick detailing in the gable peaks. An ADA accessible entrance is located on the southeast corner of the new addition. A parking lot fills the southwest corner of the property. An internally illuminated sign sits on the northwest corner supported by blonde brick. Mature trees and bushes are found throughout the site. Overall, the site is in excellent condition. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 3 History of Property Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 HISTORY OF PROPERTY The Holy Rosary Parish was established in 1879 as the first Catholic community in Bozeman (holyrosarybozeman.org). Traveling Catholic priests visited the small parish a few times each year until 1885, when Rev. Joseph Guidi was sent from the Helena parish to oversee the construction of a church building. A frame church building at the corner of S 7th Ave. and Mendenhall St. was completed and dedicated in 1885. As the city of Bozeman grew in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Holy Rosary's Father Thompson realized the need for a larger building. In 1906, he arranged the purchase of a half-block of real estate at the corner of 3rd Ave. and Main St.; construction commenced in 1907. The Holy Rosary Catholic Church opened its doors for the first time in March of 1908. Father Thompson also oversaw the construction of the Holy Rosary Church Rectory, just to the east, in 1912. The rectory was designed by Fred F. Willson and is one of his earliest extant designs. In 1928, a brick convent was constructed to the south of the church, also in the Gothic Revival style (Bozeman Daily Chronicle, 2007). The convent was converted to an education center in 1977 (holyrosarybozeman.org). Between 1980 and 1982, the church underwent significant renovation. An atrium was added to the south elevation, a new heating plant was built, and the interiors of both the church and the rectory were redecorated. In 2010, the church again underwent significant renovation. The church itself added a 2-story, east-west transept that intersected the chancel of the original church at a 90 degree angle to create a cruciform shape (Bozeman Daily Chronicle, 2008). At the same time, the existing education center to the south was demolished and the church added a single-story addition around the south elevation of the new transepts, extending the church 40 feet to the south. These additions connected the southwest corner of the rectory to the main church building and doubled the capacity of the church (Bozeman Daily Chronicle, 2010). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 4 Information Sources/Bibliography Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 INFORMATION SOURCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY Bick, Patricia 1987 220 W Main St. National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form. Document on file with the City of Bozeman, Bozeman, MT. Bozeman Daily Chronicle 2007 "Group Ranks Holy Rosary Rectory, Convent as Endangered." September 27, 2007, Bozeman, MT. https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/group-ranks-holy-rosary-rectory-convent-as-endangered/article_476e46ab-27f3-5d89-a03e-eaf8a07aa247.html, accessed 4/22/2021. 2008 "Holy Rosary raises $4 million to renovate church." April 7, Bozeman, MT. https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/holy-rosary-raises-4-million-to-renovate-church/article_4099b6ac-47a8-5e9e-8bef-eb75836f4d0d.html, accessed 4/22/2021. 2010 "Expansion started at Holy Rosary." October 31, Bozeman, MT. https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/expansion-started-at-holy-rosary/article_0b1ddf80-e489-11df-a7a6-001cc4c002e0.html, accessed 4/22/2021. Holy Rosary Parish "Parish History." https://www.holyrosarybozeman.org/parishhistory.html, accessed 4/22/2021. McDonald, James R. 1984 220 W Main St. Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory Form. Document on file with the City of Bozeman, Bozeman, MT. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 5 Statement of Significance Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NRHP Listing Date: Rectory: 1983-4: 1985-86; 1987 NRHP Eligibility: Yes No Individually Contributing to Historic District Noncontributing to Historic District NRHP Criteria: A B C D Area of Significance: Period of Significance: 1910-1919 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Holy Rosary Parish Church and Rectory have been previously recorded as two distinct, but associated, structures sharing a street address at 220 W Main St. The Church, built in 1908 but expanded in more recent years, is in excellent condition, but does not retains sufficient integrity to convey its historic character. It was recorded in 1984 by James R. McDonald and recommend not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. Metcalf concurs with this recommendation. The 1912 Holy Rosary Church Rectory was recorded in 1984 as well, but was subsequently listed in the NRHP, individually, under Criterion A and C (24GA0918). The rectory is in excellent condition retains integrity sufficient to convey its historic character in reference to its historic associations. The Holy Rosary Parish Rectory is currently listed in the NRHP and retains integrity sufficient to maintain its listed status. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 6 Integrity Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 INTEGRITY (location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, association) Overall, the site is in excellent condition. Significant modifications to the church building in the 1980s and 2010s affect the integrity of design, workmanship, feeling, and association. The Holy Rosary Church does not retains sufficient integrity to convey historic character. The Holy Rosary Rectory has sustained an addition that connects it to the Holy Rosary Catholic Church to the west. This addition affects the integrity of design to a degree, as the Rectory building can easily be distinguished from the nearby church. Metcalf has determined that sufficient integrity remains and that the Rectory building continues to convey its historic character. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 7 Photographs Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 Feature # 1 Facing: S Description: 24GA1918 (Property 254) Rectory. Façade view (Image #1858, 6/01/2020. SLW). Feature # 1 Facing: SE Description: 24GA1918 (Property 254) Rectory. Oblique view (Image #1859, 6/01/2020. SLW). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 8 Photographs Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 Feature # 1 Facing: SW Description: 24GA1918 (Property 254) Rectory. Oblique view (Image #1860, 6/01/2020. SLW). Feature # N/A Facing: N/A Description: 24GA1918 (Property 254). NRHP plaque on rectory (Image #1738, 11/05/2020. SLW). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 9 Photographs Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 Feature # 2 Facing: NW Description: 24GA1918 (Property 254) Church building. Oblique view (Image #1737, 11/05/2020. SLW). Feature # 2 Facing: N Description: 24GA1918 (Property 254) Church building. Oblique view (Image #1736, 11/05/2020. SLW). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 10 Photographs Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 Feature # 2 Facing: SW Description: 24GA1918 (Property 254). Oblique view (Image #1734, 11/05/2020. SLW). Feature # 2 Facing: NE Description: 24GA1918 (Property 254), Church building. Oblique view (Image #1734, 11/05/2020. SLW). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 11 Site Map Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 12 Topographic Map Property Name: 220 W Main St Site Number: 24GA0918