The URL can be used to link to this page

Home My WebLink About33-43 W Main St 2021 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD For the Montana National Register of Historic Places Program and State Antiquities Database Montana State Historic Preservation Office Montana Historical Society PO Box 201202, 1410 8th Ave Helena, MT 59620-1202 Property Address: 33-43 W Main St Historic Address (if applicable): City/Town: Bozeman Site Number: 260 Historic District Number (if applicable): 24GA0952 County: Gallatin Historic Name: Martin Block/Hathorn Building Original Owner(s): E. Broox Martin Current Ownership Private Public Current Property Name: Hathhorn Building Owner(s): Multiple Owner Address: Multiple Phone: Legal Location PM: Montana Township: 2S Range: 6E SE ¼ SW ¼ NW ¼ of Section: 7 Lot(s): Lot 13 Block(s): Block A Addition: Tracy's 1st Addition Year of Addition: 1872 USGS Quad Name: Bozeman Year: 1987 Historic Use: Commercial Current Use: Commercial Construction Date: 1895-1905 Estimated Actual Original Location Moved Date Moved: UTM Reference www.nris.mt.gov NAD 27 or NAD 83 (preferred) Zone: 12 N Easting: 497007.78 Northing: 5058451.36 National Register of Historic Places NRHP Listing Date: 1986 Historic District: Main Street Historic District NRHP Eligible: Yes No *Property meets the City of Bozeman’s definition of an eligible property (see below). Date of this document: 04/01/2021 Form Prepared by: S. Wells and E. Sakariassen, Metcalf Archaeological Consultants Inc. with C. Alegria and C. Hendry, Extreme History Project Address: PO Box 1526, Bozeman, MT 59771 Daytime Phone: (406) 219-3535 MT SHPO USE ONLY Eligible for NRHP: □ yes □ no Criteria: □ A □ B □ C □ D Date: Evaluator: Comments: Site could contribute to the Main Street Historic District. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 2 Architectural Description Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION Architectural Style: Art Deco-Moderne If Other, specify: Property Type: Commerce Specific Property Type: Multiple business units Architect: Fred F. Willson (remodel, attributed) Architectural Firm/City/State: Unknown Builder/Contractor: Ingoff Johnson (remodel) Company/City/State: Unknown Source of Information: McDonald 1984 This site consists of one historical architectural feature: a commercial building built in various stages between 1895 and 1905. It is known as the Hathorn Building and was originally recorded in 1984 by James R. McDonald Architects. Due to exterior remodeling in the 1940s, at the time of the original survey the site was considered not eligible and was included in the 1986 Main Street Historic District as a non-contributing site. McDonald described the building as follows: "This attached two-story commercial structure in the Art Deco Style has a rectangular plan with a rounded metal awning over the majority of the street level entrances and a flat-roofed overhang above the store on the end. The asymmetrical façade has large fixed windows at street level and 1/1 double-hung in pairs and triplets along the second floor. The concrete construction is finished in colored plaster and features limestone portions dividing the concrete façade with "V" groove forms. The cornice detail includes herring bone limestone blocks set in slight niches in the projecting cornice. The coping has a fish scale pattern and is of colored plaster or stone. The large aluminum letters "Hathorn Building" are an integral part of the façade . A 3' high limestone band and drip cap runs continuously over the storefronts. The axis of the roof is parallel to the street and the roof is flat." A 1985 revision to the property form by Cohen added the following: "Actually four diverse, adjacent, two-story commercial blocks unified by a common façade, the Hathorn Building is significant as a very early example of building encasement, which is more typical of the period from the 1950's through the 1970's. The parapet displays two significant Art Deco style features - the zig-zag pattern concrete ornament, and the chrome letters which spell "Hathorn Building". Metcalf revisited the site in October 2020 and noted some changes. The continuous rounded metal awning covering the entire stretch of store front entrances is no longer there, nor is the flat roof overhang over the western corner end unit. Each shop now has its own individual rounded fabric awning or no awning at all. The windows in the western corner unit have been replaced one-over-two-lite, wider, and with wood sashes and framing. The bottom two lites of these windows are sliding sash. The rest of the second story windows on the primary south façade are one-over-one-lite double-hung windows with vinyl sash. All of the window openings appear to be intact. A business entrance now exists on the northern end of the west elevation, facing west onto Willson Ave. The rear north elevation consists of painted red brick, and horizontal wood siding. There are individual back entrances for each shop. The windows are double-hung and sliding with modern metal frames and sashes. The original windows on the northern elevation of the western unit are broken and partially boarded up on the outside and some from inside the building. The exterior walls of the western corner unit are plastered over on the rear north elevation. The site is in excellent condition and has been well kept over the years. Metcalf has re-evaluated the site’s integrity as the 1940s façade has surpassed the 50-year threshold for consideration as historic in its own right. Despite the changes made to the windows and storefronts, the integrity of feeling and design have only been slightly affected, and Metcalf finds that overall the site still retains enough integrity to convey historic character. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 3 History of Property Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260 HISTORY OF PROPERTY Previous recordings provide the following history for the building: "E. Broox Martin was born in Michigan in 1844, and moved to Bozeman in 1889. Soon after, he organized the Bozeman Milling Co. He also engaged in ranching, and in 1892 became the first president of the Commercial Exchange Bank. Of the four buildings beneath the present façade, Martin probably built the third from the left around 1895 -- a 5-bay Romanesque style brick building that displayed arcaded windows similar to those of the Bozeman Hotel and Annex. This building was known as the "Martin Block," while another building erected across the street by Martin around 1905 was named the "Michigan Block," for Martin's home state. The five-bay Martin Block was flanked by two narrower blocks, each of which had a one-bay oriel window projecting from it. These flanking buildings may have been built by Martin around 1900 to create a formal unit of three buildings similar to that which Achilles Lamme created in the 1880's. The irregular spacing of the windows of the "Hathorn Building" façade today is accounted for by the variations of the buildings beneath it. John Lovelace bought the Martin Block, and presumably the two flanking buildings as well, around 1935, and later renamed them collectively the "Hathorn Building"-- his wife's maiden name. About the same time, 1934, he bought the Michigan Block across the street from Martin and renamed it the "Lovelace Building." Chrome, Art Deco letters presently span the parapets of the two buildings, displaying the words "Hathorn Building" and "Lovelace Building," respectively. Lovelace, proprietor of Montana Motor Supply Co. in the Lovelace Building and, at one time a state senator, remodeled the Hathorn Building during World War II, and according to his daughter-in-law, Mrs. Jack Lovelace, had a difficult time obtaining materials. Architect Fred Willson's job list of 1942 includes a job described as: "Alterations to the Hathorn Building", which probably refers to the present concrete sheathing. Willson designed a similar remodeling for the Bozeman Lodge #18 building around the same time. The contractor for the remodeling was Ingoff Johnson. A few years after Lovelace's extensive remodeling, Bill McCleod, owner of the 2-bay wide building at the northeast corner of Main Street and Willson Avenue, followed suit, and remodeled his building to match the adjacent Hathorn Building (the two western most bays of the extensive building covered by this inventory form are consequently of a slightly different color). McCleod's small building was originally somewhat similar to 30 W. Main across the street, displaying an ornate parapet with polychromatic brick diapering." According to the Montana Cadastral records, remodeling was done in 2015 to the 43 W Main storefront (furthest east shop in the Hathhorn Building block) in order to modernize the entrance and display windows. An article in Bozeman Magazine clarified that the other storefronts also underwent some updates in 2015 and said the following: "The City recently reviewed plans to modify the retail storefronts in the Hathhorn Building, at 29-43 West Main Street, vacated by the Leaf and Bean and Poor Richards after the sale of those businesses. Continued investment in the Hathhorn Building by retailers and residents is a testament to the durability of the century-old mixed use buildings which characterize Bozeman’s Main Street commercial core" (bozemanmagazine.com). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 4 Information Sources/Bibliography Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260 INFORMATION SOURCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY Bozeman Magazine 2015 "Historic Spotlight: The Main Street Historic District," Courtney Kramer, August 31, 2015, website. https://bozemanmagazine.com/articles/2015/08/31/101880-historic-spotlight-the-main-street-historic Cohen, Matthew 1985 29-43 West Main Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory Form (revision). Document on-file with the City of Bozeman, MT. James R. McDonald Architects 1984 29-43 West Main Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory Form. Document on-file with the City of Bozeman, MT. Montana State Library. Montana Cadastral records online, http://svc.mt.gov/msl/mtcadastral, accessed 04/03/2021. Renewable Technologies, Inc. [RTI] 2008 Bozeman Historic Resources Survey, revised ed. Prepared for Planning Department, City of Bozeman, Bozeman, MT. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 5 Statement of Significance Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NRHP Listing Date: NRHP Eligibility: Yes No Individually Contributing to Historic District Noncontributing to Historic District NRHP Criteria: A B C D Area of Significance: Period of Significance: STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This site is the Art Deco Hathorn Building, two-story corner-lot commercial building built in various stages between 1895 and 1905 and remodeled in the 1940s. It was originally recorded in 1984 by James R. McDonald Architects. Due to extensive changes to the façade in the 1940s, the site was excluded from the 1986 NRHP-listed Main Street Historic District and noted as a non-contributing site. Today, the site is in excellent condition. Metcalf has re-assessed the site’s integrity as the 1940s façade has now surpassed the 50-year threshold for consideration as historic in its own right. Despite some more recent alterations, Metcalf finds that the Hathorn Building does retain sufficient integrity to convey historic character and is, in fact, a strong representative example of the Art Deco style of architecture in Bozeman. Sec. 38.700 of the Bozeman Municipal Code defines an eligible property as one that meets the criteria for inclusion in the NRHP or State Register either 1) individually or 2) as a contributing building to an existing or potential historic district. This site has been evaluated against the NRHP Criteria. It is found to be an excellent example of the Art Deco Style of architecture, executed by Bozeman’s arguably most prolific architect Fred Willson. The façade, which was remodeled during WWII, appears to have sparked a stylistic trend along Main Street that reflects a period of redevelopment and investment in Bozeman’s downtown in what has been termed Bozeman’s Nationalization Phase (1930-1945). During this period, “Main Street facades underwent some transformation to Art Moderne or Art Deco styles (RTI, Inc, 2008).” Metcalf feels this is an important element of the history of downtown’s development. The site is currently located within the Main Street Historic District (24GA0952). However, as the Art Deco remodel dates to 1940, it was considered to fall outside the period of significance for the district defined in 1986 as 1879-1937. It has been considered a non-contributing site. However, Metcalf recommends that the period of significance for the historic district be reconsidered. If extended through the Nationalization Phase, this site would be contributing to the significance of the Main Street Historic District. Therefore, Metcalf recommends the site be considered eligible/contributing to a potential district. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 6 Integrity Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260 INTEGRITY (location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, association) Site is in excellent condition, overall. The external changes from the 1940's and after the 1980's affect integrity of design and feeling. Metcalf find that despite these alterations over time it still has enough integrity to be considered eligible for the NRHP. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 7 Photographs Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260 Feature # 1 Facing: N Description: Property 260. Primary façade. (Image #1524, 10/12/2020. SLW) Feature # 1 Facing: NE Description: Property 260. Oblique view. (Image #1523, 10/12/2020. SLW) MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 8 Photographs Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260 Feature # 1 Facing: SE Description: Property 260. Oblique view of rear. (Image #1542, 10/12/2020. SLW) Feature # 1 Facing: SW Description: Property 260. Oblique view of rear. (Image #1541, 10/12/2020. SLW) MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 9 Photographs Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260 Feature # 1 Facing: S Description: Property 260. North elevation of rear of building. (Image #1540, 10/12/2020. SLW) MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 10 Site Map Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 11 Topographic Map Property Name: 33-43 W Main St Site Number: 260