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Home My WebLink About110 S Grand 2021 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD For the Montana National Register of Historic Places Program and State Antiquities Database Montana State Historic Preservation Office Montana Historical Society PO Box 201202, 1410 8th Ave Helena, MT 59620-1202 Property Address: 110 S. Grand Ave. Historic Address (if applicable): City/Town: Bozeman Site Number: 182 Historic District Number (if applicable): County: Gallatin Historic Name: Payne Memorial Christian Church Original Owner(s): Current Ownership Private Public Current Property Name: Grand Avenue Christian Church Owner(s): Grand Avenue Christian Church Owner Address: 110 S. Grand Ave, Bozeman, MT 59715-4616 Phone: Legal Location PM: Montana Township: 2S Range: 6E NW ¼ NW ¼ SW ¼ of Section: 7 Lot(s): Lots 15-20 Block(s): Block B Addition: Alderson Addition Year of Addition: 1873 USGS Quad Name: Bozeman Year: 1987 Historic Use: Protestant Church Current Use: Protestant Church Construction Date: 1888, 1951 Estimated Actual Original Location Moved Date Moved: UTM Reference www.nris.mt.gov NAD 27 or NAD 83 (preferred) Zone: 12 Easting: 496904.97 Northing: 5058267.27 National Register of Historic Places NRHP Listing Date: Historic District: NRHP Eligible: Yes No *Property does not meet the City of Bozeman’s definition of an eligible property (See below). Date of this document: 02/24/2021 Form Prepared by: A. Sakariassen, Metcalf Archaeological Consultants, Inc., with C. Alegria and C. Hendry, Extreme History Project Address: PO Box 1526, Bozeman, MT 59771 Daytime Phone: (406) 219-3535 MT SHPO USE ONLY Eligible for NRHP: □ yes □ no Criteria: □ A □ B □ C □ D Date: Evaluator: Comments: Click here to enter text. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 2 Architectural Description Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION Architectural Style: Other (specify) If Other, specify: Eclectic Property Type: Religious Specific Property Type: Protestant Church Architect: Byron Vreeland Architectural Firm/City/State: Builder/Contractor: W. T. Brandenburg Company/City/State: Source of Information: Montana Cadastral records online The property at 110 S. Grand is the Grand Avenue Christian Church, first recorded in 1984 by James R. McDonald. Metcalf found the structure little changed since 1984. The two-story building, a portion of which dates to 1888 and was originally brick, now presents elements of Tudor Revival style in the half-timbering on the west and north elevations. Overall, the church has an irregular plan shape and concrete foundation. It has stucco finish and a complex roof shape with wood shingles. The primary entry to the church is a modern glass entry at the southwest corner, and opens west onto S. Grand Avenue. Paired engaged columns flank the entry and half timbering is faintly visible on the wall above, and a pair of double-hung one-over-one lite windows are in the gable end on the second story. To the south are a series of buttresses separating stained glass windows. Basement windows are present, paired and single one-over-one-lite wood double-hung windows, within concrete window wells. Above the hipped roof formed to shelter the northwest entry door and link the older portions of the building to the large addition on the south end of the church is the gable end of the original brick church, now clad with horizontal board siding. A two-story flat-roofed addition that serves as both a rectory and parish offices and classrooms comprises the south half of the building's west elevation, with an entrance near center, beneath a half-timbered, gable-roofed awning, supported by corner posts. The entry doors are a pair of divided-lite side-hung doors. To either side are large decoratively divided wood windows, three to the south, and two to the north. These windows are repeated on the second story. Centered above the entry is a large pair of one-over-one-lite double-hung windows with two lites above. Five sympathetically placed basement windows are also present and appear to be single-lite hopper windows. The north elevation sees a continuation of the patterned windows from the west elevation of the addition. There are nine on the first story, with nine on the second story. Eight hopper windows also present, within the concrete window wells of the basement. Off center on this elevation is a shed-roofed, single-story addition sided with composite board, containing an A.D.A. accessibility lift. An at-grade entry is to the east of this addition. Above the entry is a narrow three-lite window between the first and second stories, presumably corresponding to an interior stairwell. The east elevation of the flat-roofed addition has four wood windows across the first story, with four matching windows above on the second story, and a basement window in a window well. An enclosed shed-roofed cellar access is at the north corner of the addition. A stuccoed chimney rises up on the north elevation of the flat-roofed addition. Flanking the chimney are additional wood windows of several sizes, and this wall intersects with older sections of the church. The older portions of the structure, as seen from this eastern view have a more complicated aspect, with an assortment of different gables and roof-lines. A wide gable end from the original brick church has a sloping roof that covers a series of buttresses separating stained glass windows, two rectangular and two semi-circular, matching the wall and windows on the opposite side of the building. Under a smaller upper gable with a paired two-over-two-lite wood window and an arched transom, at the north end of the elevation is a secondary entry. This entry is set into the northeast corner, and is accessed from the east side church parking lot. A paired glass door entry at the north end, is framed by paired engaged wood columns, and a sign above reads "Grand Ave Christian Church". The north elevation has a wide, centered bay with stained glass apse end windows and four divided-lite basement windows. This elevation exhibits elements of Tudor Revival in the half-timbering in the gable end, and the framing of the four short, arched windows and the lower four taller rectangular stained-glass windows. The site is in good condition, but alterations have affected integrity of materials, design, feeling and workmanship. New entries, an overpowering and utilitarian addition to the south, and the application of stucco have almost completely obliterated traces of the original brick church designed by Byron Vreeland and built by W. T. Brandenburg in 1888. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 3 History of Property Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182 HISTORY OF PROPERTY The Grand Avenue Christian Church at 110 S. Grand Avenue was formed and chartered on February 22, 1888. The congregation had been organized in 1887 under Reverend Martin Streator, the first pastor. The brick church was designed by the local architect Byron Vreeland and constructed with the Bozeman builder, W. T. Brandenburg. According to the Pioneer Church History of Montana, "They layed plans to construct a frame building, but a generous gift from the Payne family enabled the planners to use brick". The first building, which was finished in March of 1889 reflects the importance of this contribution by bearing the name Payne Memorial Christian Church. The first residential minister was Wiley Mountjoy in the fall of 1889 and, until 1951, the church followed a pattern of the times, with a new minister every year or two. Payne Memorial Christian Church was renamed Grand Avenue Christian Church in 1928. In 1950, the church was expanded in size by major remodeling and a large-scale addition. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 4 Information Sources/Bibliography Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182 INFORMATION SOURCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY Dailey, Charles 2009 “Bozeman, Montana.” Pioneer Church History online, http://ncbible.org/nwh/montana.html, accessed 3/22/2021 Grand Church 2021 “History,” website of Grand Avenue Christian Church. www.grandchurchbozeman.org/history, accessed 3/22/2021. James R. McDonald Architects 1984 110 S. Grand Ave "Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory Form." Document on-file with the City of Bozeman. Bozeman, MT. Montana State Library, Montana Cadastral records online, http://svc.mt.gov/msl/mtcadastral, accessed 07/09/2020 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 5 Statement of Significance Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NRHP Listing Date: NRHP Eligibility: Yes No Individually Contributing to Historic District Noncontributing to Historic District NRHP Criteria: A B C D Area of Significance: Period of Significance: STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The property at 110 S. Grand Avenue has been previously recorded. In a 1984 inventory, James R. McDonald considered this property to be "potentially eligible for the National Register of Historic Places because of its historical associations and because of its architectural significance". Furthermore, regarding the integrity of the property, McDonald concluded "The historic integrity of this property has been retained due to the survival of original design and materials and continuity of use, setting, and location". The site consists of a church built in 1888, designed by architect Byron Vreeland and built by W.T. Brandenburg. The original brick church has undergone alterations over the years, the most recent a large flat-roofed addition placed along the south side of the original structure, erected in 1951. The original brick building has been essentially encapsulated by this and other alterations. The exterior is now stucco, with half-timbering on portions. No brick is exposed at all. Sect. 38 of the Bozeman Municipal Code defines an eligible property as one that meets the criteria for inclusion in the NRHP or State Register either 1) individually or 2) as a contributing building to an existing or potential historic district. This site has been evaluated against the NRHP Criteria. Due to loss of integrity, Metcalf finds the site not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 6 Integrity Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182 INTEGRITY (location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, association) In McDonald's 1984 inventory, he considered this property to be "potentially eligible for the National Register of Historic Places because of its historical associations and because of its architectural significance". Regarding the integrity of the property, McDonald concluded "The historic integrity of this property has been retained due to the survival of original design and materials and continuity of use, setting, and location". Metcalf disagrees with both of McDonald's comments. Although the site is in good condition overall, the alterations to the exterior and the additions to the structure are too substantial to allow more than a few glimpses of the original brick church built in 1888. In fact no brick is visible. A few stained glass windows have survived in place. The aspects of integrity-design, setting, materials, workmanship, and feeling are affected. Only the integrity of location and association have been retained. Metcalf finds that the property lacks sufficient integrity to convey its historic character. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 7 Photographs Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182 Feature # 1 Facing: E Description: Property 182. Façade (Image #429, 10/14/20. EAS). Feature # 1 Facing: ENE Description: Property 182. Oblique view (Image #428, 10/14/2020. EAS). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 8 Photographs Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182 Feature # 1 Facing: NE Description: Property 182. Oblique view (Image 427, 10/14/2020. EAS). Feature # 1 Facing: SE Description: Property 182. Oblique view (Image #430, 10/14/2020. EAS). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 9 Photographs Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182 Feature # 1 Facing: SW Description: Property 182. Oblique view (Image #431, 10/14/2020. EAS). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 10 Site Map Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 11 Topographic Map Property Name: 110 S. Grand Ave. Site Number: 182