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Home My WebLink About209 S Tracy 2021 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD For the Montana National Register of Historic Places Program and State Antiquities Database Montana State Historic Preservation Office Montana Historical Society PO Box 201202, 1410 8th Ave Helena, MT 59620-1202 Property Address: 209 S Tracy Ave. Historic Address (if applicable): City/Town: Bozeman Site Number: 285 Historic District Number (if applicable): 24GA955 County: Gallatin Historic Name: Samuel Lewis House Original Owner(s): Samuel Lewis Current Ownership Private Public Current Property Name: Samuel Lewis House/ Canterbury House Owner(s): St. James Parish Owner Address: 5 W Olive St, Bozeman, MT 59715 Phone: Legal Location PM: Montana Township: 2S Range: 6E NE ¼ NW ¼ SW ¼ of Section: 7 Lot(s): Lot 4, ACRES 0.145, N2 LOT 5 Block(s): Block F Addition: Alderson Addiiton Year of Addition: 1873 USGS Quad Name: Bozeman Year: 1987 Historic Use: Single Family Dwelling Current Use: Transitional Housing Construction Date: 1879 Estimated Actual Original Location Moved Date Moved: UTM Reference www.nris.mt.gov NAD 27 or NAD 83 (preferred) Zone: 12 Easting: 497075 Northing: 5058151 National Register of Historic Places NRHP Listing Date: 1987 Historic District: South Tracy - South Black Historic District NRHP Eligible: Yes No Date of this document: 5/10/2021 Form Prepared by: R. Schields and E. Sakariassen, Metcalf Archaeological Consultants, Inc. Address: PO Box 1526, Bozeman, MT 59771 Daytime Phone: (406) 219-3535 MT SHPO USE ONLY Eligible for NRHP: □ yes □ no Criteria: □ A □ B □ C □ D Date: Evaluator: Comments: MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 2 Architectural Description Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION Architectural Style: Stick If Other, specify: Property Type: Residential Specific Property Type: Single Family Dwelling Architect: Byron Vreeland Architectural Firm/City/State: Bozeman, MT Builder/Contractor: Byron Vreeland Company/City/State: Bozeman, MT Source of Information: James R. McDonald Architects, 1984 209 S Tracy, Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory. Document on file with City of Bozeman, Bozeman, MT. This site is the Samuel Lewis House, a Gothic Revival and Stick-style residence constructed in 1879 at 209 S Tracy. The site has been previously recorded by James R. McDonald Architects in 1984 and was subsequently included within the South Tracy - South Black Historic District as a primary site in 1987. McDonald describes the site as follows: "This detached one-and-one-half story single-family residence has a rectangular plan with a bracketed hood above the front door and small dormer windows built above theis (sic) entrance. The asymmetrical facade consists of the central front entrance with 4/4 double-hung windows and a shed-roofed bay window next to the front door. The frame construction is finished in bevel siding and rests on a concrete foundation. The gable roof is covered with red and grey asphalt shingles and is clipped on the corners. The axis of the roof is parallel to the street and features exposed rafters. A plywood shed has been attached to the northwest corner. The style is Carpenter Gothic." Metcalf visited the site in 2020 and noted several alterations, significantly, the residence has sustained a single-story addition to the rear (west) elevation. The house is 1.5-story, wood-framed, and constructed with Gothic Revival massing and Stick style ornament, including clipped gables, a box bay window, carved rafter tails, and applied faux bracing and timbering. The residence has a rectangular-plan and rests on a foundation that has been built up with poured concrete. The roof is side-gabled with clipped gable ends and a steeply pitched centered dormer. The rear addition has a hipped roof with eaves that extend over the north and south elevations of the addition. The roof is clad with asphalt shingles. A brick and metal chimney extends from the east slope of the main gabled roof. The facade faces east onto S Tracy Ave. The primary entrance is centered on the facade and is accessed by a concrete stoop. The entrance is sheltered by a narrow, steeply-pitched, bracketed, shed-roofed awning. To the north is a four-over-four lite, double hung wood window, a previously present hood molding has been removed from above the window. To the south of the entrance is shed-roofed box bay containing four, four-over-four lite double hung wood windows. The upper, half-story has a centered, steeply-pitched gable roof dormer containing a four-over-four lite, double-hung window. The peak of the gabled dormer has cross-brace detailing spanning the eaves. The south elevation supports two, one-over-one lite double hung windows, one window is centered under the gable of both stories. The south elevation of the rear addition, which is a single-story wing, has a pair of double-hung windows and an at-grade, side-hung entry. The west elevation of the addition has an older fixed, four-lite window and a modern one-over-one lite window. The north elevation has a modern one-over-one lite window at the west end of the addition and a two, modern, one-over-one lite window on each story of main portion. The site is in excellent condition, though the cladding and windows of the west addition show some wear. The west addition appears to be historic with more recent further additions. These additions affect the integrity of design. Replacement of original windows affects the integrity of materials. All other aspects of integrity remain intact. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 3 History of Property Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 HISTORY OF PROPERTY The residence at 209 S. Tracy was constructed in 1879 as a rental property for Samuel W. Lewis, an early Black resident of Bozeman (McDonald and Cohen, 1984). The residence and its matching neighbor at 211 S Tracy were designed and constructed concurrently by Byron Vreeland, a Bozeman contractor. Samuel L. Lewis was an early pioneer of Bozeman and one of the earliest Black residents of the city. Lewis had been born in the West Indies in 1835, his father was a Frenchman living in the West Indies and his mother was of Indigenous (Narragensett of New York) and African heritage (Anaconda Standard, April 1, 1896). Orphaned at a young age, Lewis supported himself and his younger sister Edmonia by working as a traveling barber and, according to his obituary, as a circus performer (History of Montana, 1894). Through the 1850s and into the 1860s, Lewis worked as a barber in San Francisco and traveled extensively, visiting Europe and the West Indies. By 1864, Lewis had returned to the West, but found difficulty settling down. He set up a barber shop in Idaho City in the 1860s, Virginia City in 1866, Helena in 1867, and Radersburg and other Montana mining camps after that. He settled for good in Bozeman in 1869, where he found work at the Northern Pacific Hotel. Lewis waited tables and set up his barber chair nearby where he offered cuts and shaves during his breaks (Anaconda Standard, April 1, 1896). With his increasing capital, Lewis erected a bath house on Bozeman's Main Street in 1870, constructed two rental properties on South Tracy in 1879, and by 1881 purchased property at 308 S Bozeman for his own home (Strahn, 1998). In 1883, Lewis married Mrs. Malissa Bruce; they had one child together, Samuel E. Lewis (Anaconda Standard, April 1, 1896) Lewis was a lover of music and a patron of the arts; for many years, he supported his sister Edmonia Lewis, who gained international recognition as a sculptor. Lewis often sang and played music, performing with the Bozeman Dramatic Association and spending time with his family in their music room (Avant Courier, October 24, 1878 and Anaconda Standard, April 1, 1896). When Lewis passed in 1896, he was a well-respected and wealthy citizen of Bozeman. His obituary notes, "his pleasing manner, his strict attention to business, his painstaking, industrious and saving qualities having made him one of the wealthy and respected businessmen of this place." (Anaconda Standard, April 1, 1896). The first known renter at 209 S Tracy was Theophilus B. Sackett, a saloonkeeper, who resided at the site with his family beginning in 1892 (McDonald, 1984). Sackett had been born in Cape Vincent, New York in 1838 and came to Montana during the Alder Gulch gold rush (Anaconda Standard, April 19, 1910). By 1880, he had relocated to the Gallatin Valley and married Ann Elizabeth Budd (ancestry.com) By 1900, the pair were living at the residence on S Tracy with their four children (ancestry.com). Sackett kept bar at the Ponsford & Sackett Saloon located on Main Street (McDonald, 1984). Sackett passed in 1910 and is buried in Bozeman's Sunset Hills Cemetery. Ann and her children continued to live at the site through at least 1912 (Polk, 1912). By 1927, the residence was rented by Emmett and Agnes White (Polk, 1927). Emmett had been born in 1883 in Montana. In 1920, he was working as a hired hand on a Gallatin Valley Farm and by 1930 he was renting the residence at 209 S Tracy (ancestry.com) While living at the site, Emmett labored in the cannery, while his wife Agnes cooked at The Bungalow (Polk, 1927; ancestry.com). By 1940, the White's had moved to another residence in Bozeman and Emmett was working for Standard Construction Company (ancestry.com). Agnes passed in 1955 and Emmett in 1975. In 1935, Polk's directory notes that Lawrence E. Hanson and Hiram and Eva Olson reside at 209 S Tracy, and marks Hanson and Olson both as householders. Hiram (also spelled Hyrum Oleson) had been born in 1864 in Utah (ancestry.com) By 1910, he and his wife Jessie Eva were residing in rural Gallatin Valley where they rented a farm. The pair had several children together and by 1940, Hiram and Jessie were living with their grown children in Bozeman (ancestry.com). Jessie Eva passed in 1942 and Hiram in 1947; the pair are buried together in Bozeman's Sunset Hills Cemetery (findagrave.com). No information could be found regarding Lawrence Hanson. Joseph A. and Chlola D. Ward were the owners of the site by 1940 (Polk, 1940). Joseph had been born in Virginia in 1888; while living at 209 S Tracy he served as a janitor at the Story Block (Polk, 1940; ancestry.com). Chlola (also spelled Chloli), had been born in 1895 in Marion County, Iowa; as a child, she moved to the Pass Creek area where her family established a homestead (Billings Gazette, June 11, 1980). After graduating from high school, Chlola worked for the Bozeman Daily Chronicle and the Bozeman Courier. Chlola and Joseph married in Bozeman in 1921 and raised three children together (findagrave.com and ancestry.com). In their later years, the pair owned and operated the Bozeman Cafeteria and managed Evergreen Apartments. Joseph passed in 1964 and is buried at the Golden Gate National Cemetery in San Bruno, California. Chlola passed in 1980 and is buried at Sunset Hills Cemetery in Bozeman. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 4 History of Property Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 Between 1942 and 1956, the property was owned by Robert M. and Vivian F. Campbell (Polk, 1942). Robert was listed as a stockman, while his son, Robert Jr served in the U.S. Navy. Robert Sr. had been born in 1896 in Ringling, Montana and grew up on the family ranch near Ringling (ancestry.com). By 1920, Robert was living with his mother on his own farm in Durham, Montana. That same year, Robert married Theresa Mary Marley in Bozeman (ancestry.com). Theresa had been born in Big Timber, Montana in 1896, and grew up in Bozeman where she graduated from Gallatin County High School (Montana Standard, November 27, 1938 and ancestry.com). Theresa and Robert lived on the Campbell Ranch near Ringling and had three children together, Robert Jr., Constance, and Corinne. Theresa passed in 1938 after a long illness; she is buried at the Sunset Hills Cemetery in Bozeman (Montana Standard, November 27, 1938). In 1943, Robert remarried to Vivan Lea Francis in Butte, Montana (ancestry.com). Vivian had been born in Chanute, Kansas in 1922. The pair resided together at 209 S Tracy for fourteen years, occasionally hosting Robert's mother Jennie, who is listed as a resident in the 1950 and 1954 directories (Polk, 1950; 1954). Robert passed in 1983 and is buried at the City of Mesa Cemetery in Mesa, Arizona (findagrave.com). Vivian passed in 2008 in Phoenix, Arizona (legacy.com) In 1958, the residence passed to Lyle L. and Elta E. Folkins (Polk, 1958). Lyle had been born in 1914 in Bridger, Montana and was raised near Project, Montana. He married Elta Olinger in Billings in 1940 (ancestry.com). Elta had been born in October of 1920. During WWII, Lyle served as a Fireman First Class in the U.S. Navy (Billings Gazette, December 17, 1945). The Folkin's resided in Bozeman for a short while, where Lyle made his living as a carpenter (Polk, 1958). Elta passed in 1970 and Lyle in 1998; they are buried together at the Willamette National Cemetery in Portland, Oregon (ancestry.com). The residence passed to William and Dorothy Bailey in 1959 (Polk, 1959). Dorothy had been born in Philadelphia in 1926 and graduated from Central High School of Syracuse, New York in 1943 (findagrave.com). She furthered her education with a degree in business from Syracuse University, graduating in 1947. After Dorothy completed her education, she traveled to Yellowstone National Park, where she worked for two seasons, and, "met the love of her life", Bill Bailey (findagrave.com). Bill had been born in Pony, Montana in 1925. During WWII, Bill served as a sergeant in the U.S. Marines. He and Dorothy married in 1947 at Bozeman's United Methodist Church. When Bill was called upon to serve in the Korean War, the young family relocated to California. In 1957, the Bailey's moved back to Bozeman, where Bill took a job as a salesman for the Robert F. Dye Company. Dorothy worked at First National Bank and raised their family; she retired as Junior Vice President of the bank in 1979. In retirement, Bill and Dorothy traveled frequently and spent time at Bill's family home in Pony. Bill passed in 1993 and Dorothy in 2009, they are buried together at the Valley View Cemetery in Pony, Montana. In 1999, the residence at 209 S Tracy and the neighboring lot at the corner of Tracy Ave and Olive St were purchased by the St. James Episcopal Church, located across the street at 9 W Olive (stjamesbozeman.org). The park was redesigned and developed into an outdoor setting for baptisms and weddings. The residence at 209 S Tracy was renamed the Canterbury House, and currently serves as transitional housing for women in need (Dietrich, 2016). In 2016, St. James Episcopal and Bozeman's Human Development Resource Council (HRDC) worked together to develop and open Canterbury House; the residence can house up to four homeless or at-risk women at one time. St. James Parish is the current owner of Canterbury House. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 5 Information Sources/Bibliography Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 INFORMATION SOURCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY Anaconda Standard 1896, "Samuel Lewis Dead" April 1, 1896. https://www.newspapers.com/image/354562852, accessed 5/26/2021. 1910. "Montana Pioneer Drops Dead on Bozeman Street." April 19, 1910. https://www.newspapers.com/image/354280847/?terms=Montana%20pioneer%20drops%20dead%20on%20bozeman%20street&match=1, accessed 5/17/2021. Ancestry.com 1880; Census Place: Fort Ellis, Gallatin, Montana; Roll: 742; Page: 215C; Enumeration District: 015. 1900 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004. Montana, U.S., County Marriage Records, 1865-1993 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2016. 1920; Census Place: Bozeman, Gallatin, Montana; Roll: T625_970; Page: 2A; Enumeration District: 70 1930; Census Place: Bozeman, Gallatin, Montana; Page: 1A; Enumeration District: 0006; FHL microfilm: 2340991 1930; Census Place: Bozeman, Gallatin, Montana; Page: 6A; Enumeration District: 0007; FHL microfilm: 2340991 U.S., World War II Draft Registration Cards, 1942 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Montana, U.S., County Marriages, 1865-1987 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT. USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2017. National Cemetery Administration. U.S., Veterans' Gravesites, ca.1775-2019 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006. B. Derek Strahn, 1990, 308 S Bozeman, National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. Document on-file with the City of Bozeman, Bozeman, MT. Billings Gazette "Chlola D. Ward." Billings Gazette, Billings, MT. June 11, 1980. https://www.newspapers.com/image/414447135/?terms=Chlola%20Ward&match=1, accessed 5/24/2021. "Tales of the Town..." Billings Gazette, Billings, MT. December 17, 1945. https://www.newspapers.com/image/411066312/?terms=Lyle%20Folkins&match=1, accessed 5/24/2021. Bozeman Daily Chronicle 2016. Eric Dietrich. "Homeless, at-risk women to get housing help in Bozeman." Bozeman, MT. November 30, 2016. https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/homeless-at-risk-women-to-get-housing-help-in-bozeman/article_99fad77d-3aa2-5f8c-9cec-4d82c4a06df2.html, accessed 5/26/2021. Findagrave.com "Agnew Roselyn McNamee White." Memorial id: 51233252. Find A Grave Database, Memorial, and Images. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/51233252/agnes-roselyn-white, accessed 5/17/21. "Chlola Deska Richards Ward." Memorial id: 51233181. Find A Grave Database, Memorial, and Images. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/51233181/chlola-deska-ward, accessed 5/24/2021. "Dorothy Jessie "Darby" Wood Bailey." Memorial id: 47316251. Find a Grave Database, Memorial, and Images. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/47316251/dorothy-jessie-bailey, accessed 5/26/2021. "Emmett White." Memorial id: 51233269. Find A Grave Database, Memorial, and Images. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/51233269/emmett-white, accessed 5/17/21. "Hyrum Oleson." Memorial id: 51340301. Find A Grave Database, Memorial, and Images. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/51340301/hyrum-oleson, accessed 5/17/2021. "Joseph Alexander Ward." Memorial id: 3645685. Find A Grave Database, Memorial, and Images. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/3645685/joseph-alexander-ward, accessed 5/24/2021. "Robert Max Campbell." Memorial id: 62887765. Find A Grave Database, Memorial, and Images. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/62887765/robert-max-campbell, accessed 5/24/2021. James R. McDonald Architects, 1984, 209 S Tracy, Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory Form. With revisions by Matt Cohen, Document on-file with the City of Bozeman, Bozeman, MT. Legacy.com. "Vivian Lee Campbell." https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/eastvalleytribune/obituary.aspx?n=vivian-lee- MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 6 Information Sources/Bibliography Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 campbell&pid=121843965, accessed 5/24/2021. Miller, Joaquin. 1894. An Illustrated History of the State of Montana. Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Co. Montana Standard 1938. "Ringling Matron is Taken by Death." Montana Standard, November 27, 1938. https://www.newspapers.com/image/349926047/?terms=Theresa%20Marley&match=1, accessed 5/24/2021. R. L. Polk and Company 1904-2012 Polk’s Bozeman (Gallatin County, Mont.) City Directories. R.L. Polk & Co., Kansas City, Missouri. Stjamesbozeman.org "History of Saint James, Bozeman." About page. August 31, 2020. https://www.stjamesbozeman.org/journal/history-of-saint-james-bozeman, accessed 5/26/2021. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 7 Statement of Significance Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NRHP Listing Date: 1987 NRHP Eligibility: Yes No Individually Contributing to Historic District Noncontributing to Historic District NRHP Criteria: A B C D Area of Significance: Social History, Architecture Period of Significance: Historic More Than One Decade STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The property at 209 S Tracy ahs been previously recorded by James R. McDonald Architects in 1984 and subsequently listed on the National Register of Historic Place as a primary site within the South Tracy - South Black Historic District (24GA0955). Although the residence has sustained an additional and replacement of some original windows, which affect the integrity of design and materials, Metcalf has determined the site retains integrity sufficient to convey historic character. The site is currently listed in the NRHP and retains integrity sufficient to maintain its listed status. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 8 Integrity Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 INTEGRITY (location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, association) Overall, the site is in excellent condition. The west addition appears to be historic with more recent further additions. These additions affect the integrity of design. Replacement of original windows affects the integrity of materials. All other aspects of integrity remain intact. Despite these alterations, the site retains integrity sufficient to convey historic character. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 9 Photographs Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 Feature # 1 Facing: SW Description: Property 285. Primary façade (Image #0450, 10/15/2020, EAS). Feature # 1 Facing: NW Description: Property 285. Oblique view (Image #0451, 10/15/2020, EAS). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 10 Photographs Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 Feature # 1 Facing: ENE Description: Property 285. Oblique view (Image #0455, 10/15/2020, EAS). Feature # 1 Facing: SW Description: Property 285. Oblique view (Image #0449, 10/15/2020, EAS). MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 11 Site Map Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 12 Topographic Map Property Name: 209 S Tracy Ave. Site Number: 285