Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout9 W Olive St 2021 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD For the Montana National Register of Historic Places Program and State Antiquities Database Montana State Historic Preservation Office Montana Historical Society PO Box 201202, 1410 8th Ave Helena, MT 59620-1202 Property Address: 9 W Olive St Historic Address (if applicable): City/Town: Bozeman Site Number: 24GA0927 Historic District Number (if applicable): County: Gallatin Historic Name: St. James Episcopal Church and Rectory Original Owner(s): St. James Parish Current Ownership Private Public Current Property Name: St. James Parish Church Owner(s): St. James Parish Owner Address: 9 W Olive St., Bozeman, MT 59715-4624 Phone: Legal Location PM: Montana Township: 2S Range: 6E NE ¼ NW ¼ SW ¼ of Section: 7 Lot(s): Lots 7-10 Block(s): Block A Addition: Alderson Addition Year of Addition: 1873 USGS Quad Name: Bozeman Year: 1987 Historic Use: Religious Current Use: Religious Construction Date: 1883 Estimated Actual Original Location Moved Date Moved: UTM Reference www.nris.mt.gov NAD 27 or NAD 83 (preferred) Zone: 12 N Easting: 497075 Northing: 5058221 National Register of Historic Places NRHP Listing Date: 1987 Historic District: NRHP Eligible: Yes No *Property meets the City of Bozeman's definition of an eligible property. Date of this document: 06/03/2021 Form Prepared by: E. Sakariassen and S. Watts, Metcalf Archaeological Consultants, Inc. Address: PO Box 1526, Bozeman, MT 59771 Daytime Phone: (406) 219-3535 MT SHPO USE ONLY Eligible for NRHP: □ yes □ no Criteria: □ A □ B □ C □ D Date: Evaluator: Comments: Site is individually listed in the NRHP. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 2 Architectural Description Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION Architectural Style: Gothic Revival If Other, specify: Property Type: Religious Specific Property Type: Church and rectory Architect: George Hancock Architectural Firm/City/State: Unknown Builder/Contractor: Church: James S. Campbell Company/City/State: Unknown Source of Information: NRHP Nomination Form 1987 This site consists of two historical architectural features: a church and rectory, built ca. 1883. The site was previously recorded in 1984 by James R. McDonald Architect, and regarded as "potentially eligible for the National Register because of its historical significance and because of its architectural significance." It 1987 it was listed in the NRHP. The church was described in the nomination form as follows: "The St. James Episcopal Church has a cruciform plan with a bell tower at the southeast corner and an arched entrance at the base of the tower. The main doorway is composed of a pair of 8-panel doors with wooden infill above in the Gothic arch opening. Windows are fixed stained glass, with plexiglass storms, set in Gothic arched openings along the east and west elevations and in a rose window in the center of the gable end of the main (south) facade. Stone buttresses are set between each set of windows on the east and west elevations. There are tall arched openings in the bell tower. The bearing wall construction is finished in cut sandstone and rests on a cut stone foundation. Sandstone coping was used on the gable wall ends and the steeply pitched gable roof is covered with grey asphalt shingles. Black shingles were used on the witch's cap bell tower roof. The axis of the main roof parallels So. Tracy Ave. In 1940 a chapel of cut stone was built onto the northwest corner of the church. The chapel is one-story and has Gothic arched, leaded clear glass windows. The north wall of the chapel, facing the alley, is finished in brick. The chapel is of compatible design and materials and does not detract from the historic architectural integrity of the 1889 church building." The rectory was described in the nomination form as follows: "The rectory, located on the adjoining lot to the west of the church, predates the stone church by approximately six years. This detached one-and-one-half-story, single family, brick residence has an irregular shape and a half-hexagonal bay window on the front (south) facade. The tri-gable, sidehall plan house was originally built in a transitional Italianate/Queen Anne style, with two small porches, one at the front and the other at the east ell, and Italianate style cornice above the bay window. The building was remodeled ca. 1930, and the early decorative features were removed and replaced by simple, Colonial Revival detailing. The entire building was covered in stucco at this time. The small porches were removed and Colonial Revival door surrounds were installed. Windows are four-over-six and nine-over-one double hung units, with arched decorative trim above. The gable brick chimneys, one covered with stucco. A brick and frame, garage/apartment addition to the rear (north) of the rectory, while non-contributing, does not seriously detract from the overall historic architectural integrity of the rectory, which despite the 1930's remodeling, still possesses historic design characteristics that serve to recall its original and present use in association with the church." Metcalf revisited the site on October 15, 2020, and noted some modifications, since the NRHP nomination. The most obvious change is that there has been another building added to the grounds, where there was once an alley to the north of the site. The building is the brick faced, single story Todd Center for Christian Formation (111 S Tracy). It was purchased by the church and is now a part of the church complex. The site is in good condition, and integrity sufficient to maintain listed status. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 3 History of Property Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 HISTORY OF PROPERTY This site is St. James Episcopal Church and Rectory. The Episcopalian congregation is one of the earliest in Bozeman and was organized here during the 1860s. According to the NRHP nomination, Daniel Sylvester Tuttle was the region's first Episcopalian bishop, assigned to Montana, Idaho, and Utah in 1867. One of his five missionaries came to Bozeman in July of 1868. The following year, Bishop Tuttle secured land for the construction of an Episcopalian church in town. The first church was completed in 1876 and was a wood-framed, board-and-batten structure. Construction of the church rectory that stands today began in the early 1880s. The date of construction of the rectory , 1883, corresponds with the arrival of the Northern Pacific Railroad in Bozeman and may reflect the new wealth of the church congregation members resulting from it. The church building that stands today was built later, in 1890 and was based on plans obtained from architect George Hancock of Fargo, ND, who practiced briefly in Bozeman. As Bick describes in the NRHP nomination, "during the early years, the congregation made some wise land investments in Bozeman, the profits from which would later be used as the nucleus of the building fund for the present stone church. One early purchase involved five lots located at the corner Main and Church Streets, which were noted in an account by Reverend Frank Bradley Lewis in which he said the lots were bought from Mr. E.A. Rouse for $25 each, and sold after the railroad came in 1883 for $2500. The money was loaned at 12% until it was needed. At the start of construction of the new stone church, the building fund had accrued $6100. The new, stone St. James Episcopal Church would cost about $11, 500" (Bick 1987). A newspaper account of that time stated: 'The new church is of Gothic architecture, grey sandstone from Rock Canyon, pointed with blue mortar. It is 80 feet long by 30 feet wide, with a copper cross whose top is 80 feet from the sidewalk. Each of the main gables, which are 40 feet high, has upon it a stone cross of beautiful design and fine workmanship. The inside finish of the church is worthy of the outside. The wings are cathedral glass, with opalescent pieces dispersed through them. The colors of the glass are not strong, but soft and well blended. The roof is supported by trusses bolted together. The panels between trusses and purlin plates are finished with selected Norway pine, all inside work is finished in oil and natural colors. The side walls and gables are plastered. The furniture is of solid oak' (Bick 1987). The church building has been remodeled. In the 1940s, the vestibule was renovated and new doors were installed. An Estes organ was installed in 1913. The Chapel of the Resurrection at the northwest corner of the building, was also added on. It was designed by Dorothy Miller of Bozeman and was consecrated in 1940. The St. James Episcopal Church website contains a very thorough history of their church, including the following excerpts: "Work on the parish hall ceased during World War II, and was completed after the war. [William Tatem] Reeves [rector from 1936 to 1942] also restored the historic rectory. Then, during the tenure of James Donald Skinner 91941-50), the parish hall was completed and the nave restored. The parish hall was built in memory of Louis Schoenek...The administrative wing of the church, which lies above the parish hall and contains the Guild Room, classrooms and offices, was constructed during the tenure of Fr. Hanford King Jr. and consecrated by Bishop Daniels in 1954...On December 1, 1999, the parish purchased property across the street owned by Grace Bible Church. The property is now home to St. James' Canterbury House and Park, the St. James parking lot and a basketball court. The Park was designed and developed by parishioners and is used today for baptisms, weddings and fellowship activities...The Canterbury House was built in 1876, by a Mr. Lewis. It was the first such residence built by an African-American west of the Mississippi and, like the rectory and nave, is considered an historic treasure. All three structures are a part of the historic registry. The Todd Center for Christian Formation, a structure just to the north of the nave, was purchased in 1995 and has been renovated for Christian formation and other ministries, like Godly Play. Prior to the dedication of the Todd Center in November of 2005, the church had leased the space to a local dentist and the Gallatin Community Clinic...With the advent of a new century, restoration became a priority at St. James with projects to restore both the rectory and nave. These and the Canterbury project received awards and recognition from the City of Bozeman for historic preservation and beautification. A renovation of the chapel took place as well, funded by Paula Daws in memory of her husband, Archie...The nave restoration project reached completion in 2003...On November 19, 2000, St. James celebrated its 125th Anniversary (of the building of the church in 1876)." MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 4 Information Sources/Bibliography Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 INFORMATION SOURCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY James R. McDonald Architects 1984 33 E Main St. Montana Historical and Architectural Inventory Form. Document on-file with the City of Bozeman, Bozeman, MT. Montana State Library. Montana Cadastral records online, http://svc.mt.gov/msl/mtcadastral, accessed 1 June 2021. Bick, Patricia 1987 St. James Episcopal Church and Rectory. Montana Historical/Architectural Inventory. Document on-file with the City of Bozeman. St. James Episcopal Church 2021 History of Saint James, Bozeman. Website, https://www.stjamesbozeman.org/journal/history-of-saint-james-bozeman, accessed 3 June 2021. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 5 Statement of Significance Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NRHP Listing Date: 10/23/1987 NRHP Eligibility: Yes No Individually Contributing to Historic District Noncontributing to Historic District NRHP Criteria: A B C D Area of Significance: Events & Architecture Period of Significance: Historic More Than One Decade STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This site is the historic St. James Church and Rectory, a site containing two 19th century structures built by one of the community's oldest religious congregations. The site was first recorded by James R. McDonald, Architects, in 1984 and was subsequently listed in the NRHP in 1987. In its statement of significance, the site is said to be a "fine example of ecclesiastical architecture designed by the regionally important architect George Hancock" (Bick 1987). Metcalf visited the site and found no major alterations affecting historic integrity; it retains sufficient integrity to convey its historic character. This site is currently listed in the NRHP and retains sufficient integrity to maintain its listed status. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 6 Integrity Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 INTEGRITY (location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, association) The site is in good condition, and integrity sufficient to maintain listed status despite minor changes to the site's setting, including the encroaching 20th century development including the Todd Center to the north. MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 7 Photographs Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 Feature # 1 Facing: NW Description: Site 24GA0927 (Property 273). Oblique view. (Image #0438, 10/15/2020. EAS) Feature # 1 Facing: SW Description: Site 24GA0927 (Property 273). Oblique view. (Image #0439, 10/15/2020. EAS) MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 8 Photographs Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 Feature # 1 Facing: NE Description: Site 24GA0927 (Property 273). Oblique view. (Image #0445, 10/15/2020. EAS) Feature # 1 Facing: N Description: Site 24GA0927 (Property 273). View of addition. (Image #0444, 10/15/2020. EAS) MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 9 Photographs Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 Feature # 2 Facing: NW Description: Site 24GA0927 (Property 273). Oblique view of rectory. (Image #0446, 10/15/2020. EAS) Feature # 2 Facing: NE Description: Site 24GA0927 (Property 273). Oblique view of rectory. (Image #0447, 10/15/2020. EAS) MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 10 Photographs Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 Feature # N/A Facing: Description: Site 24GA0927 (Property 273). NRHP plaque. (Image #0448, 10/15/2020. EAS) MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 11 Site Map Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927 MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD PAGE 12 Topographic Map Property Name: 9 W Olive St Site Number: 24GA0927