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05 City of Bozeman Design Standards and Specifications Policy
DESIGN STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS POLICY CITY OF BOZEMAN, MONTANA CITY ENGINEERING DIVISION MARCH 2004 ADOPTED: April 5, 2004, Ordinance 1611 Including: Addendum No. 1 approved 7/19/05 Addendum No. 2 approved 6/28/06 Addendum No. 3 approved 2/20/08 Addendum No. 4 approved 3/31/11 Addendum No. 5 approved 8/26/13 Addendum No. 6 approved 5/1/17 Addendum No. 7 approved 3/13/20 1 CITY OF BOZEMAN DESIGN STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS POLICY Prepared by City Engineering Department March 2004 Revised: 7/19/05; 6/28/06; 2/20/08; 3/31/11; 8/26/13; 5/1/17; 3/11/20 ********************************** Contents Page Foreword 3 City of Bozeman Plan and Specification Review Policy A. Standard Process 4-5 B. Self-Certification Process 6-7 C. Construction Coordination 8-16 Design Standards I Construction Plans and Specifications Requirements A. General 17 B. Specification Requirements 18 C. Drawing Scales 18 D. Plan Requirements 18-19 E. Utility Plan Requirements 19-20 F. Roadway Plan Requirements 20-21 II Drainage Policy A. General Design Criteria 22 B. Storm Drainage Plan 23 C. Storage/Treatment Facilities 23-25 D. Discharge Structures 25-26 E. Estimation of Runoff 26-32 III Floodplain Regulations 33 Contents (cont.) IV Roadway Design and Technical Criteria A. General B. Sidewalks, Curbs and Gutters, and Driveways C. Drainage D. Horizontal Alignment E. Vertical Alignment F. Median Treatments G. Roadway Specifications H. Signs and Markings I. Monumentation J. Lighting K. Bike Lanes/Paths V Utility Design Criteria A. Water Distribution Lines Design Criteria B. Sanitary Sewer System Design Criteria C. Storm Sewers D. Alignment, Depth, and Easements 34 34-35 35-36 36-39 39-41 41 41-42 42-43 43 43 44 45-47 47-52 52-55 55-57 Appendix Tables 58 Figures Table I-1: Runoff Coefficients (C) For Use in the Rational Formula 27 Table I-2: Manning Equation -Typical "n" Values 28 Table I-3: Rainfall Frequency For Use in the Rational Formula 28 Table IV-1: Curb Return Radius at Intersections 37 Table IV-2: Alignment Controls 38 Table V-1: Wastewater flow Rate for Zoned Undeveloped Areas 49 Table V-2: Wastewater Flow Rate by Land Use Designation 50 Table V-3: Wastewater Flow Rates for Undefined Land Use 50 Designations Figure I-1: Time of Concentration (Rational Formula) Figure I-2: Rainfall Intensity -Duration in Minutes Figure I-3: Rainfall Intensity -Duration in Hours Figure A-1: Typical Roadway Sections Figure A-2: Typical Concrete Outlet Structure for Stormwater Detention Ponds 2 30 31 32 Appendix Appendix FOREWORD This document has been prepared to assist design engineers, architects, developers, contractors, or other interested individuals with the preparation of plans and specifications for public infrastructure improvements so that they will meet the requirements of the City of Bozeman (COB). The requirements specified herein have been established through the subdivision regulations, municipal code, or City policies. It is the intent of the COB to revise this document on an as-needed basis as regulations and policies are modified. Written comments on this "Design Standards and Specifications Policy" are encouraged and may be submitted to the City Engineer. If any portion of this document is found to conflict with the Bozeman Municipal Code (BMC), the provisions of the BMC shall supersede this Guide. Abbreviations Used AASHTO -American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ADA -Americans with Disabilities Act ASTM -American Society for Testing and Materials A WW A -American Water Works Association BMC -Bozeman Municipal Code BUDO -Bozeman Unified Development Ordinance COB -City of Bozeman DEQ -Department of Environmental Quality ESAL -Equivalent Single Axle Load FSP -Final Site Plan MPWSS -Montana Public Works Standard Specifications MUTCD -Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices PUD -Planned Unit Development RCP -Reinforced Concrete Pipe WQB -Water Quality Bureau 3 CITY OF BOZEMAN PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS REVIEW POLICY A. Standard Process 1. Initial submittal of plans and specifications, and all subsequent correspondence and submittals for public infrastructure improvements including, but not limited to, sanitary sewer and water mains, storm sewer mains, street and transportation improvements, are to be made to the City Engineer's Office, 20 E. Olive Street, P.O. Box 1230, Bozeman, Montana, 59771-1230. Prior to submission of infrastructure plans and specifications, project approval (preliminary plat, Planned Unit Developments (PUD's), and in some cases Final Site Plans (FSP's)) from the City Commission must be obtained. 2. The minimum number of complete sets of plans and specifications which must be submitted for each review are as follows: Type of Project Water and Sewer Main Extensions Fire Service Lines Streets and/or Storm Sewers Water & Sewer Mains with Streets and/or Storm Sewers Eng. WIS ST = Engineering Department = Water and Sewer Department = Street Department Number* Reviewers 4 Sets Eng., W/S 2 Sets Eng., WIS 4 Sets Eng., WIS, ST 4 Sets Eng., WIS, ST * See Paragraph 8 below 3. The COB shall attempt to complete the initial review and provide written comments to the Engineer/Owner within thirty (30) calendar days of receiving the initial submittal. A review meeting may be scheduled with the design Engineer and City representatives to discuss review comments if the design Engineer desires. Pre-design and interim meetings with the design Engineer and City Engineering staff are encouraged. 4 4. To expedite the review process each submittal of revised plans and specifications shall be accompanied by a written response from the Design Engineer which addresses each item in the COB review comment letter. The revised documents will be distributed and reviewed as described above in item 2. Generally, "red-lined" copies of the plans and specifications will be provided to the Design Engineer to facilitate revisions of the documents. Red-lines must be returned with each subsequent re-submittal. 5. The COB shall attempt to complete each review of revised plans and specifications within fourteen (14) calendar days of receiving the revisions. A review comment letter may be mailed to the Engineer/Owner at the completion of each review. 6. All COB review comments must be adequately addressed and resolved before the final plans and specifications are approved by the City Engineer for construction. 7. The plans and specifications for water or sewer projects will not be considered for approval by the City Engineer without written approval of the final plans and specifications from the Superintendent of Water and Sewer or his designated representative. 8. Once all COB review comments have been adequately addressed and resolved the City Engineer must be supplied with four ( 4) complete sets of the final plans and specifications, signed and stamped by a Professional Engineer licensed in the State of Montana, and one half-size set of plans. Specification manuals are to be bound and contain the most current version of the revised documents and plan sheets are to be the most current version. The four (4) final full-size sets and one Yz size set of plans and specifications submitted for City approval will be reviewed by the City Engineer to ensure that all requested modifications are included. An electronic version of the approved plans shall also be provided in either Autocad or PDF format. 9. For projects subject to Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) review and approval, a copy of the project approval letter from DEQ must be submitted to the City Engineer prior to the preconstruction meeting. 10. The City Engineer will either approve or disapprove the submitted documents. An approval or disapproval letter will be sent to the Engineer/Owner. 11. Final stamped and approved plans and specifications will be distributed as follows: a. One set returned to the Engineer/Owner. b. One set and Yz size set to the COB Water/Sewer Department. c. One set for the COB Engineering Department. d. One set for the COB Engineering Department Field Inspector. 12. No work is to begin on the project prior to obtaining the COB's and DEQ's written approval of the plans and specifications, and the completion of a preconstruction meeting conducted by the Owner's Engineer and attended by the Contractor(s) and COB 5 representative(s). A "Pre-construction Meeting Checklist" will typically be included with the approval letter specifying additional documents which must be submitted prior to scheduling a pre-construction meeting. B. Self-certification Process 1. Introduction/Intent A. Plans and specifications submitted using this process will not be reviewed in detail by the City Engineering Department. Fire service lines and domestic service lines are specifically excluded from this process. The City's existing review process will remain in place, and will be used unless the submittal conforms with the self-certification process and is accompanied by a completed self-certification Checklist. B. The intention of this policy is that plans and specifications stamped and signed by a Professional Engineer registered in the State of Montana, submitted in conformance with this policy, and accompanied by the required checklists and certifications, will be acceptable to the City. C. The following are specifically excluded from the self-certification process: force mains, lift stations, booster stations, pressure reducing valves, and traffic signals. 2 Applicable Standards All infrastructure projects shall comply with the following design standards in order of precedence: A. COB Design Standards and Specifications Policy B. COB Modifications to Montana Public Works Standard Specifications (MPWSS) C. Bozeman Unified Development Ordinance D. DEQ Circulars 1 and 2 E. City Adopted MPWSS and Adopted Addenda The most recently adopted versions of the City Water and Wastewater Facilities Plans shall govern sewer and water trunk main design and sizing. The Storm Water Master Plan and Transportation Plan shall govern their respective service area issues. 3. Submittal Requirements Prior to submission of infrastructure plans and specifications, project approval (preliminary plat, Planned Unit Developments (PUD's), and in some cases Final Site Plans (FSP's)) from the City 6 Commission must be obtained. The following shall be submitted to the City Engineering Department and approved by the Public Service Department (through the City Engineer): Prior to Plan and Specification Submittal; A. Water and Sewer Utilities Design Report as detailed in the project conditions of approval. Subsequent to receipt and approval of this report, the City will issue a water/sewer capacity letter if warranted. B. Pavement Design Report and Traffic Impact Analysis (if required). C. Stormwater Facilities Design Report. D. A schematic signage plan for the subdivision, noting any proposed traffic calming measures. With plans and specifications; E. Four (4) sets of plans and specifications (24" x 36" sheets only) stamped and signed by a P.E., registered in the State of Montana, one Y:z size set of plans, and an electronic version of the plans in either Autocad or PDF format. F. A completed and signed COB Plan and Specification Checklist. G. Any easements which may be required. Easements must be properly executed. 4. City Review and Disposition A. Upon receipt of the plans and specifications and checklist, one complete set will be sent to the City Water/Sewer Superintendent and one set to the City Street Superintendent. B. Upon review and approval of the Checklist, Plans, and Specifications, the City Engineering Department will provide the engineer with a letter of approval and one set of plans and specifications stamped "Approved For One Year From This Date". C. Estimated time frames for City approval: With Deviations requested on City Checklist 2 weeks; this is a guideline only Without Deviations or with pre-approved variance 1 week D. No construction may begin prior to a pre-construction meeting which must be 7 attended by the applicant's engineer, the contractor and the City. All preconstruction meeting requirements currently in place will remain in place. E. Any changes to the approved plans must be reviewed and approved by the City Engineering Department and the Water/Sewer Superintendent. 5. Project Audits A. The intent of the self certification process is to place upon the design engineer the sole and significant burden and expectation that Public infrastructure plans and work completed within Bozeman fully comply with the City's infrastructure standards and requirements. The process necessitates a high degree of trust by the City and certainty by the design engineer that the plans and specifications fully meet the City's requirements. B. Deficiencies in plans which are discovered during project construction are inherently much more costly to the project schedule and budget than design deficiencies or issues resolved and addressed prior to construction. Subsequent to the City's approval of self certified plans and specifications, selected project plans will undergo audit review to assure compliance. Deficiencies discovered during the audit review or during construction may require revised plans to be submitted and approved, and may further require untimely and expensive correction or replacement of noncompliant work installed on the project. Project design self certification falsely or indiscriminately provided may be referred to the Montana Board of Professional Licensing. C. Project engineers with a history of design deficiencies or whose track record demonstrates repeated problems in their ability to design and complete projects adequately meeting the City's design standards will be more frequently audited, and may be prohibited from utilizing the self-certification process until adequate proficiency is demonstrated. As such, engineers are strongly encouraged to work closely with the City's engineering, field and operations staff throughout the pre-design, design and construction phases of a project. Engineers without adequate experience with the City's design and infrastructure standards and who have not previous successfully completed infrastructure projects within the City are advised to utilize the City's full design review process in lieu of the self certification process. C. CONSTRUCTION COORDINATION 1. Pre-construction Meeting Following approval of infrastructure plans and specifications, the Engineer shall schedule a pre- construction meeting with the City of Bozeman, Contractor(s), and if applicable, other affected utilities or governmental agencies. A "Preconstruction Meeting Checklist" will be included with the letter of approval which lists submittals that must be received by the City of Bozeman prior to scheduling a preconstruction meeting. 2. Shop/Fabrication Drawings 8 Any required shop/fabrication drawings shall be submitted by the Contractor to the Engineer. Upon approval, the Engineer shall submit four sets of the shop/fabrication drawings to the City Engineer a minimum of two days prior to the preconstruction meeting. 3. Bonding All new infrastructure that will be publicly maintained shall be bonded. Prior to initiation of construction, copies of the Contractor's Performance and Payment Bonds, each in an amount equal to 100% of the contract amount, in favor of the Owner, shall be filed with the Owner and the City of Bozeman. Prior to acceptance of the publicly maintained infrastructure, the Contractor shall post a Maintenance Bond with the Owner equal to 20% of the actual cost of the improvements to correct any deficiencies in workmanship and/or materials which are found within the two-year warranty period. The City of Bozeman shall be named as a dual oblige on the bond. The City of Bozeman expressly reserves the right to draft the Maintenance Bond for repairs not completed by the Property Owner, Developer, or Contractor within thirty calendar days of being advised that repairs are required. The Commencement Date for the Maintenance Bond shall be the date of acceptance by the City of Bozeman on the Certificate of Completion and Acceptance. The Maintenance Bond shall remain in full force for the two-year period following this date, however if the expiration date of the Maintenance Bond falls after November 16, the expiration date of the Maintenance Bond shall be June 30 of the following year. Maintenance Bonds may be in the form of a Surety Bond or a Certified Check. 4. Engineer's Status/Responsibility During Construction The Engineer will furnish a qualified Resident Project Representative (RPR) and other field staff to assist the Engineer in observing the performance of the work. The RPR will act as directed by and under the supervision of the Engineer, and will confer with the Engineer regarding the RPR' s actions. The RPR shall not authorize any deviation from the approved plans and specifications or substitution of materials or equipment, unless authorized by the Engineer. Duties of RPR. The RPR and/or other field staff of the Engineer will: -Conduct extensive on-site observations of the work in progress and field checks of materials and equipment to provide protection against defects and deficiencies in the work of the Contractor. -Perform construction observation, documentation, and required testing of all critical construction work including, but not limited to: all underground or buried work including placement and connection of utility lines and appurtenances, trench backfill and compaction, placement of geotextile fabric membranes, placement of fill or embankments; placement of curb and gutter and other surface drainage improvements; placement of pavement base and surface courses; and placement of sidewalks. -Advise the Engineer and Contractor of the commencement of any work requiring Shop Drawings or sample if the submittal has not been approved by the 9 Engineer. -Report to the Engineer whenever RPR believes that any work is unsatisfactory, faulty, or defective or does not conform to the approved plans and specifications, or has been damaged, or does not meet the requirements of any inspection, test or approval required to be made. -Advise the Engineer of work that the RPR believes should be corrected or rejected or should be uncovered for observation, or requires special testing, inspection, or approval. -Verify that all tests are conducted in the presence of appropriate personnel, and observe, record and report to the Engineer appropriate details relative to testing procedures. -Accompany visiting inspectors representing the City of Bozeman or other public agencies having jurisdiction over the project. -Maintain at the job site orderly files for correspondence, reports of job conferences, Shop Drawings and samples, reproductions of original Contract Documents including all Work Directive Changes, Addenda, Change Orders, Field Orders, additional Drawings issued subsequent to the execution of the contract or beginning of work, Engineer's clarifications and interpretations of the Contract Documents, and other Project related documents. -Keep a detailed and accurate diary or log book, recording Contractor hours on the job site, weather conditions, prime and subcontractor daily work force, daily log of equipment onsite or standby, data relative to questions of Work Directive Changes, Change Orders, or changed conditions, list of job site visitors, daily activities, decisions, observations in general, and specific observations in more detail as in the case of observing test procedures. -Furnish Engineer with periodic reports of progress of the work. -Furnish Engineer and Contractor a list of observed items requiring completion or correction before Engineer may issue a Certificate of Substantial Completion, assess completion or correction of said items, advising Engineer on their status, and make recommendation to Engineer regarding issuance of a Certificate of Substantial Completion. -Conduct final inspection of the project in the company of Engineer, Owner, Contractor, and City of Bozeman, and prepare final list of items to be completed or corrected. -Verify that all items on final list have been completed or corrected and make recommendations to Engineer concerning final acceptance. Duties of Engineer: The Engineer will: -Issue written clarifications or interpretations of the requirements of the Contract Documents (i.e. plans and specifications). -Disapprove or reject work which Engineer believes to be defective, and require special inspection or testing of the work whether or not the work is fabricated, installed, or completed. -Review Shop Drawings and samples for compliance with the Contract Documents. 10 -Review proposed changes in work and submit such changes to the City of Bozeman or other public agencies having jurisdiction for review. -Issue Certificate of Substantial Completion and Certificate of Completion and Acceptance. 5. Testing and Documentation Requirements for Infrastructure Improvements In order to better document the inspection and certification of public infrastructure improvements, the City Engineering Division shall require the following information for all projects approved for construction. This documentation shall be required prior to final acceptance of sanitary sewer, water main, storm drain, Portland cement concrete, and bituminous pavement improvements within City right-of-way or easements. THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTATION SHALL BE REQUIRED ON ALL PROJECTS APPROVED BY THE CITY ENGINEERING DIVISION: A. The Engineer shall submit a letter to the City certifying that the public improvements (i.e. sanitary sewers, water mains, drainage structures and streets) were installed in accordance with the approved plans and specifications and shall be accompanied by Record Drawings for the project. B. Dates of acceptable tests for sanitary sewer, which shall include TV inspection by the City of Bozeman, cleaning, exfiltration by air or water, and manhole testing, shall be included in the certification letter. This information shall be required for all public sewer main extensions. C. Dates of acceptable tests for water mains, which shall include hydrostatic and leakage testing, bacteriological testing, and continuity testing shall be included in the certification letter. This information shall be required for all public water main extensions. D. Benchmark elevations shall be established for all new hydrants on the project. Benchmarks shall be set on the hydrant bonnet bolt closest to the point of the operating arrow on Mueller hydrants and on the bury depth tag on Waterous hydrants. Said elevations shall be certified by either a P.E. or L.S. registered in the state of Montana. Elevations shall also be provided for the top of the water main at 50' intervals. The datum used as the basis for the elevations shall be clearly identified. E. Verification that all thrust blocking was installed in accordance with the approved plans and specifications shall be included in the certification letter. If mechanical restraints are used in lieu of thrust blocks, verification that the restrained length as installed meets or exceeds the manufacturers recommendations shall be included. F. An accurate record of the location of all sanitary sewer service connections as installed, and the length and slope of all service lines installed must be provided 11 by the Engineer. Elevations at the end of dry service line stub-ins is required. Sanitary sewer service connections shall be tied to manholes. This information shall be required for all public sewer main extensions and service connections to existing mains. G. The Engineer shall furnish documentation of tests in accordance with methods prescribed by AASHTO for theoretical maximum density, optimum moisture content, and sieve analysis for the sub-base course, crushed base course, pit run, and native backfill and subgrade material within the right-of-way. This information shall be required for all public sewer main, water main, storm drain and street extensions. H. The Engineer shall furnish documentation of in-place field density tests. In-place density tests for trenches and embankments shall, as a minimum, be required for the first lift of backfill to set a pattern of compaction, shall be provided daily, and as backfill material changes. In-place density tests for roadways shall, as a minimum, be required at intervals of 50 feet. Tests for roadways shall be provided for subgrade, sub-base course and/or pit run, and crushed base course materials. A minimum of the top 6 inches of subgrade which are to be paved or covered with curb, gutter, or sidewalk, shall be field density tested. All trench backfill material in improved areas and all embankments shall be compacted for the full depth and shall be compacted to 95% of the theoretical maximum proctor density as determined by AASHTO-T-99. This information shall be required for all public sewer main, water main, storm drain, and street extensions. I. The Engineer shall furnish a dated job-mix formula for hot plant mix bituminous pavement which conforms to the procedures of the Asphalt Institute's MS-2 manual. The job mix formula shall be no older than one year, and shall have the same aggregate and asphalt sources and grades as the mix used for the public improvements. The Engineer shall furnish certified results of a Marshall Test showing the bulk specific gravity determination, stability and flow data, and density and void analysis. The engineer shall furnish a minimum of one "field Marshall Test" per 2000 tons of mixture placed to check for variations from the job-mix formula. In addition, test results of ASTM D 1075 for the effect of water on cohesion of compacted bituminous material shall be provided by the Engineer. This information shall be required for all public street extensions. J. The Engineer shall furnish asphalt core samples for bituminous pavement in the public right-of-way. Four core sample shall be required for every 1000 tons of mixture placed, with a minimum of three samples for projects that use less than 1000 tons. The location of the core samples shall be determined on a random basis using a system of random numbers, so that each ton of material has the same probability of being selected. For random locations falling near the pavement joints, obtain the core as close to the location as possible without having any part of the core circumference coming closer than 12 inches to the pavement edge or 12 joint. The Engineer may take additional core samples at locations where he/she has, based on observations of the paving process and/or the results of nuclear density tests, reasonable belief that the in-place material is unsatisfactory. The Engineer shall submit the sampling plan to the City Engineer upon completion of the paving, prior to taking cores. (An example for one method of determining random sample locations is included in the appendix of these Design Standards). The Engineer shall provide a certified laboratory report from the samples taken as to thickness and actual density. Testing laboratories shall meet the requirements of ASTM D3666 (Evaluating and Qualifying Agencies Testing and Inspecting Bituminous Paving Materials). The engineer shall certify that the core holes have been patched with hot plant mix asphalt. This information shall be required for all public street extensions. K. The Engineer shall furnish Portland cement concrete tests for concrete placed in the public right-of-way and concrete incorporated into public infrastructure improvements. One set of tests shall be required for every 50 cubic yards of concrete placed with a minimum of one set of tests per project. The concrete shall be sampled, specimens made, and compliance determined in accordance with the following: Sampling Fresh Concrete Slump Air Content Compressive Strength Making and Curing Test Specimens in the Field ASTM C-172 ASTM C-143 or AASHTO T119 ASTM C-231 or C-173 or C-138 or AASHTO T152 ASTM C-39 or AASHTO T22 ASTM C-31 or AASHTO T23 Sampling and testing shall be done by persons that are currently certified as ACI Concrete Field Testing Technicians, Grade 1. This information shall be required for all public street extensions. 6. Pre-Paving Inspection The Engineer shall conduct a pre-paving inspection for any projects that have paved streets as part of the improvements. The Contractor and a representative from the City shall attend the inspection. 7. Acceptance/Correction of Deficient Pavement Improvements Acceptance tests shall be evaluated by the Engineer for conformance with the specifications. Any results that indicate the in-place material does not conform with the specifications shall be immediately reported to the City Engineer, along with a recommendation of corrective action to bring the material into compliance with the specifications. The City Engineer shall determine what corrective action is necessary in order for the improvements to be accepted by the City of Bozeman. Corrective action may include total removal and replacement of the deficient 13 material, partial removal and replacement, placing additional material, or in lieu of corrective action, payment of a penalty to the City of Bozeman in certain instances. A. Portland Cement Concrete If an individual strength test (average of two cylinders tested at 28 days) falls below the specified strength by more than 500 psi, the in-place material represented by the failed test shall immediately be randomly cored for acceptance testing. A minimum of three and maximum of six cores shall be taken. If the average strength tests of the acceptance cores are deficient in strength by more than 500 psi but not more than 1000 psi, the Contractor shall remove and replace the deficient concrete or pay the City of Bozeman 0.25 times the unit price bid times the area determined to be deficient in strength; if the average strength tests are deficient by more than 1000 psi, the area of the concrete determined to be deficient shall be removed and replaced. B. Asphaltic Concrete Pavement The asphaltic concrete pavement shall be tested and evaluated for acceptance on a lot basis, with one lot being 1000 tons of material. 1. Thickness. If the average thickness of the pavement cores is more than W' below the plan thickness, or if any one individual core is more than 1h'' below the plan thickness, corrective action or payment of a penalty will be required. a. Average Thickness Deficiencies. If the average thickness deficiency is between 1/.i'' and Yz", corrective action such as placement of additional material (i.e. overlay or chip seal), as determined by the City Engineer, will be required. In lieu of placing additional material, the City Engineer may allow the payment of a penalty to the City of Bozeman in the amount of 0.25 times the unit price bid of the asphalt pavement times the amount of pavement determined to be deficient. If the average thickness deficiency is more than Yz", an overlay will be required, along with cold milling of the existing pavement to provide for a minimum overlay thickness of 1.5''. b. Individual Core Thickness Deficiency. If any one core thickness is determined to be more than Yz" below plan thickness, additional cores shall be taken at 10 foot intervals parallel to the centerline in each direction from the affected location until, in each direction, a core is found which is not deficient by more than 1/.i'', in order to determine the extent of the deficient pavement. If the thickness deficiency is more than %", the area that is deficient shall be removed from pavement edge to pavement edge and replaced to bring the non-complying areas to planned thickness. If the thickness deficiency is not more than % ", the deficient area will either be removed and replaced to the planned thickness, or a penalty will be paid to the City of Bozeman in the amount of 1.5 times the unit price bid times the amount of pavement that is deficient in thickness. 2. Density. The average density of the pavement cores shall equal or exceed 93% of the maximum density as determined by ASTM D2041 (Rice's density). If the average density is less than 93% but more than 90.9%, the pavement that has 14 deficient compaction shall be milled and overlaid (1.5" minimum depth), or a penalty in the amount of 0.10 times the unit price bid for the pavement material times the amount of pavement that has deficient compaction shall be paid to the City of Bozeman. If the average density is 90.9% or less, the pavement area affected will be removed and replaced or overlaid as determined by the City Engineer. If any one core is determined to have a density of less than 86%, additional cores shall be taken at 10 foot intervals parallel to the centerline in each direction from the affected location until, in each direction, a core is found which has a density of at least 91 %. The area that is determined to have deficient compaction shall be removed from pavement edge to pavement edge and replaced, or a penalty will be paid to the City of Bozeman in the amount of 1.5 times the unit price bid times the amount of pavement that is deficient in density. C. Unit Prices If unit prices for the project are unavailable, unit prices shall be as determined from time to time by the City Engineer for the various items of work. 8. Project Close-out and Acceptance Upon completion of the work, the following documentation shall be submitted to the City Engineer: A. An executed "Certificate of Completion and Acceptance" (included in the Appendix of this Policy). B. Project Inspection Diary and Testing Records. C. Certified Checklist for Testing and Documentation Requirements. Within 90-days of project completion, the Engineer shall sign and submit record drawings to the City Engineer. The drawings shall be full-size and consist of one reproducible set, two blueprint sets, and one digital (Autocad) copy. Failure to provide all of the necessary close-out documentation within the 90-day period may result in delaying approval for future projects submitted by the Engineer until such time as the necessary documents are provided. 9. Two-Year Warranty Inspection The Project Engineer, or his designated representative, shall conduct a two-year warranty inspection to be attended by a least one representative from the Public Works Department. The inspection shall take place not less than seventy-five (75) or more than one hundred and twenty (120) days prior to the expiration date of the Maintenance Bond. The Maintenance Bond will be released when all deficiencies have been corrected to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. 15 The City Engineer, the Project Engineer, or the designated representative shall notify the Principal and Bonding Company as listed in the Maintenance Bond of any work found to be deficient. The Principal shall restore the work to meet the requirements of the approved construction documents prior to release of the Maintenance Bond. The City of Bozeman expressly reserves the right to draft the Maintenance Bond for repairs not completed by the Owner, Developer, or Contractor within thirty calendar days of being advised that repairs are required. 16 DESIGN STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS I. CONSTRUCTION PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS REQUIREMENTS A. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1. Any required design reports must be submitted and approved prior to submittal of plans and specifications when the self-certification process is utilized. If the standard review process is utilized, design reports may be submitted prior to or along with submittal of the plans and specifications. 2. Project plans and specifications will not be accepted until the project has been approved by the City of Bozeman. 3. All project infrastructure plans must be submitted at the same time. Separate approval of infrastructure elements may be provided if necessary. 4. Where existing infrastructure is being extended, existing material, size, elevation, horizontal alignment, and grade shall be field verified, and all critical utility crossings shall be field verified, prior to plan and specification submittal. 5. All full-sized plans shall be on 24-inch by 36-inch plan sheets or 22-inch by 34-inch plan sheets. Reduced scale plans may be submitted for review if approved by the City Engineer, but all plans for final approval ( excepting the one required Yz size set) and all record drawings shall be full-sized. All plans submitted for review and approval will be stamped, signed, and dated by a professional engineer licensed in the State of Montana. 6. Separate plans shall be submitted for water facilities and sanitary sewer facilities. Plans for storm sewer facilities may be included with plans for street facilities. 7. All plans will have both plan and profile views of the proposed improvements. A general location map shall be provided showing the relationship of each page to the overall development. 8. Project datum and benchmarks shall be clearly identified on the plans. 9. English units are required. 17 B. SPECIFICATIONS REQUIREMENTS 1. The City of Bozeman has adopted "Montana Public Works Standard Specifications" (MPWSS) as the standard specifications for new construction. A separate document, "City of Bozeman Modifications to MPWSS" has been adopted which supplements and supercedes MPWSS. All project manuals must incorporate, preferably by reference, MPWSS (latest adopted edition) and the "City of Bozeman Modifications to MPWSS", including any addenda. 2. Additions or changes to the above standard specifications must be done through Special Provisions or similar supplemental sections in the project manual. C. DRAWING SCALES The following scales are required. Other scales will be considered on a case by case basis if all information can be clearly shown. 1. 2. 3. Plan View: Profile View, Horizontal: Profile View, Vertical: Stationing interval: 1" = 50' 1" = 50' (or match plan view scale) 1" = 5' 100 feet or 50 feet D. PLAN REQUIREMENTS The following items will be required on all plans. Existing features should be shown dashed or with a lighter shading than proposed new features. All construction will be tied to the centerline of a City right-of-way, to the centerline of a City easement, to a platted property line, or to section lines. 1. Plan View -North Arrow. -Legend of Symbols. -Property lines and ownership or subdivision information. -Street names and easements with width dimensions. -Project Stationing. -Limits of existing paved or graveled surfaces. -Monument boxes. -Culverts. -Existing and proposed utilities and structures, including: Line size and material where appropriate; 18 Water lines (main lines and service lines), valves, and hydrants; Sanitary sewer lines (main lines and service lines) and manholes; Storm sewer lines, manholes, and inlets; Gas lines; Electric lines, poles, transformers; Telephone lines, manholes, junction boxes; Cable T.V. lines, junction boxes; Irrigation ditches and structures; Irrigation systems; Fiber optic lines, manholes, junction boxes; Street lights; Proposed method of restoration of all areas disturbed during construction. 2. Profile View -Vertical and horizontal grids to scales. -Final grade (solid). -Existing grade ( dashed). -Existing utility lines where crossed. -Project Stationing -Utility crossings E. UTILITY PLAN REQUIREMENTS 1. The following general notes must appear on all plan sets: a. All construction will conform to MPWSS, (Latest) Edition, and COB Modifications to MPWSS. b. Any existing or new valves which control the CO B's water supply shall be operated by COB personnel only. c. The Contractor shall notify the Water Department a minimum of 24-hours prior to beginning any work. d. Contractor shall field-verify line and grade of existing connections. 2. Plans for water facilities shall show the following: -Size, type and structural class of proposed new water line(s), including A WW A specifications. -Bedding class. -Type of excavation and backfill. -Existing water lines including size and material. -Proposed valves, fittings, fire hydrants, and service lines, with stationing. -Depth of cover from finish grade to proposed water line(s). 19 -Requirements for pipe deflection, if necessary. -Type of joint restraint, if required. -Size of gravity thrust blocks based on calculated design. -Existing or proposed pressure reducing valves. 3. Plans for sanitary sewer facilities shall show the following: -Size, type, and structural class of proposed new sewer line(s), including American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specifications. -Slope of each proposed pipeline segment. -Bedding class. -Type of excavation and backfill. -Existing sewer lines and manholes including size, material, field-verified invert elevations, and field-verified slopes. -Proposed manholes with stationing and rim and invert elevations. -Existing and proposed sewer service lines with size and stationing. -Existing and proposed cleanouts. 4. Plans for storm sewer facilities shall show the following: -Size, type, and structural class of proposed new storm sewer line(s), including ASTM specifications. -Slope of each proposed pipeline segment. -Bedding class. -Type of excavation and backfill. -Proposed manholes with stationing and rim and invert elevations. -Proposed inlets and inlet service lines with stationing and invert elevations. -Points of stormwater discharge. F. ROADWAY PLAN REQUIREMENTS 1. Plans for streets or roadways shall show the following: -Limit of cut or fill. -Existing and proposed utilities, including manholes and valves. -Proposed new construction, including paving width and limits, curb and gutter, crosspans, sidewalks, and pedestrian ramps. -Existing and finished grades, with finished grade slopes. -Vertical and horizontal curves, with curve data: Horizontal curves -R, ~' L, PC and PT Stationing Vertical curves -K, L, Station of PT' s -Profile of centerline. -Profiles ofleft and right curb lines, if they are not the same. -Any required utility adjustments. -Existing and proposed signs and pavement markings. -Existing and proposed storm drainage facilities, including culverts, pipes, inlets, sidewalk chases, ditches and detention/retention ponds, with 20 invert and/or spot elevations. -Top of curb elevations at P.C.s, P.T.s, and inlets. -Existing and proposed street monuments. -Typical roadway section(s), dimensioned and drawn to scale, showing: -Right-of-way -Backslopes -Sidewalks -Curb and gutter -Pavement thickness -Base and sub-base thickness -Compaction requirements -Cross-slopes 21 II. DRAINAGE POLICY A. GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA A Stormwater Drainage Plan is required for all new developments. The following criteria shall be used in the design of all Drainage Plans: 1. The stormwater drainage plan shall be designed to limit stormwater runoff from the development site to the pre-development runoff rates. The pre- developed rate calculations shall be included as part of the required facility design calculations. Adequate on-site stormwater detention shall be provided for design storm runoff exceeding the pre-development rate. 2. The stormwater storage and treatment facilities shall be designed to remove solids, silt, oils, grease, and other pollutants. Where required, oil/water separators shall be provided in the facility design. 3. Where the storm drainage plan includes storm sewers they shall meet the following minimum requirements: a. Alignment between manholes shall be straight. b. The sewers shall be uniformly sloped to maintain a minimum velocity of 3-fps at the design storm depth of flow, or when flowing full, to prevent sediment deposits. c. Pond inlet and outlet piping shall be protected and designed to prevent erosion (i.e. splash pads, rip rap, etc.). d. Publicly maintained storm sewers located in the public right-of- way shall be constructed of reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) or solid-wall or corrugated PVC pipe, complying and installed in accordance with the current edition of MPWSS as modified by the COB. PVC pipe may only be used for pipe sizes of 36" diameter or less. Other pipe materials may be considered for private storm sewer facilities. Use 12-inch minimum pipe size for inlet structures and 15-inch minimum pipe size within the storm drain system. e. Storm sewer facilities shall be designed to handle a 25-year storm event. f. Inlets and manholes shall have 9-inch sumps for sediment collection unless otherwise approved by the City Engineer. 4. For all new development or redevelopment projects greater than or equal to 22 one acre, the drainage plan shall include, to the greatest extent feasible, low impact development practices that infiltrate, evapotranspire, or capture for reuse the runoff generated from the first 0.5 inches of rainfall from a 24-hour storm preceded by 48 hours of no measurable precipitation. B. STORM DRAINAGE PLAN A Storm Drainage Plan shall be submitted to the City Engineer for all new developments. The plan shall include the following: 1. A map or plat showing building site(s), open areas, drainage ways, ditches, culverts, bridges, storm sewers, inlets, storage ponds, roads, streets, and any other drainage improvements. The map shall also include identification and square foot coverage of the various ground surfaces (i.e. vegetation, gravel, pavement, structures). 2. Topographic contours (one-foot intervals) and sufficient spot elevation data. 3. Description of the ultimate destination of storm water runoff from the project and an evaluation of its impact on downslope drainage facilities and water quality. 4. Design calculations determining runoff quantities and storage requirements. 5. A storm drainage facilities maintenance plan. The plan shall: a. Identify ownership of all facilities. b. Establish a schedule for maintenance activities necessary to keep the system operationally effective. c. Identify the responsible party in charge of the specific maintenance duties. 6. Details and specifications (including invert and other pertinent elevation information) for all storm drainage improvements, such as storm sewers, manholes, inlets, discharge structures; and retention/detention pond dimensions and volume, side slope, and top, bottom, and maximum water surface elevations. C. STORAGE/TREATMENT FACILITIES Detention is the storage and gradual release of runoff to a storm sewer system, waterway, or a soil of high porosity. Detention facilities dampen peak runoff rates and provide lreatment of runoff flows. For new development, on-site detention with release rates limited to pre-development runoff rates is required. Complete retention facilities may be 23 provided or required where discharge is not feasible or desirable. Retention ponds shall be sized based on a 10-year, 2-hour storm intensity. 1. Detention Basins: Detention basins utilize natural or mamnade depressions or ponds for storage. Release of water is controlled by specially designed outlet structures (Figure A-2 in the Appendix of this Guide). 2. Basin Sizing: A minimum basin area of 145-square feet per 1-cfs release rate is required for sediment control. The controlling basin volume is determined by subtracting the total basin release volume from the runoff volume at different storm durations. The release rate is equivalent to the pre- development runoff rate at the piping system design frequency (Table 1-3). The runoff rate is determined at the piping system design frequency using development runoff coefficients. Where the potential for major property damage exists due to downstream flooding and the terrain and availability of land permit the construction of a large detention basin, a 100-year design frequency should be used for sizing the pond. Basins located in areas accessible to the public shall have a maximum water depth of 1 Vi-feet and a maximum basin depth of 2 Yi-feet. Deep basins designed only for stormwater detention shall be placed in remote areas and fenced. A sample problem for sizing detention basins is included in the Appendix of this Policy. 3. Basin Location: Basins serving multiple lots shall be located in common open space owned by a Homeowners or Property Owners Association. Locating a basin within an easement on a lot will not be permitted unless approved by the governing body. Public park land shall not be used for storm water detention or retention ponds unless approved by the Superintendent of Facilities and Lands. 4. Additional Requirements: The following additional requirements apply to the design of above ground earth formed detention basins: a. To prevent short circuiting, basin length shall be at least three times the width and inlet velocities should be dissipated. b. Basin slopes shall be 4: 1 or flatter. (UDO 18.48.050) c. Vegetative channels shall be utilized wherever possible to remove wastewater contaminants. d. Basins in floodplains shall have adequate erosion protection on the embankments. e. Overflows shall be provided to prevent overtopping of dike walls. 24 5. Retention volumes shall be calculated using the following formulas: Where: Q=CIA V = 7200Q ( cf) C = Weighted C Factor I= 0.41 in/hr (see figure I-2, I-3 for 10 year 2 hr storm) A = Area (acres) Q = runoff ( cfs) V = volume ( cf) D. DISCHARGE STRUCTURES 1. A design detail shall be provided including adequate elevation information. Discharge structures shall be adequately protected from damage. A typical discharge structure is shown in Figure A-2 in the Appendix of this Policy. 2. Orifice or weir calculations shall be provided for controlling the discharge to the pre-development rate. For discharge structures similar to that in Figure A- 2 of the Appendix, the slot width shall be sized using the equation: Where: Q = CLH312 Q = Discharge ( cfs) C = Weir Coefficient= 3.33 L = Horizontal Length (feet) H = Head (feet) 3. Failsafe features shall be provided including: a. An emergency free-flowing overflow for rates exceeding design storm events. 25 b. Discharge piping shall be a minimum of six (6) inches in diameter for maintenance, and capable of conveying a 25-year storm event. c. Ponds shall be designed so as to avoid long-term standing water in the pond. E. ESTIMATION OF RUNOFF 1. GENERAL The rational method shall be used to determine peak runoff rates with a slight modification of the method to determine runoff volumes. The basic assumptions that apply to the rational method are: a. Rainfall is uniformly distributed over the area for the duration of the storm. b. The peak runoff rate occurs when the duration of the storm equals the time of concentration. c. The runoff coefficient for a particular watershed is constant for a similar land use. The method is based on the Rational Formula: Q=CiA Q -Peak runoff rate ( cfs) C -Runoff coefficient i -Average rainfall intensity (in./hr.) A -Drainage area (acres) 2. RUNOFF COEFFICIENTS The runoff coefficients shown in Table 1-1 are recommended for design. Coefficients from other engineering texts may be considered for specific applications such as concrete, asphalt, roofs, etc .. 26 TABLE 1-1 RUNOFF COEFFICIENTS (C) FOR USE IN THE RATIONAL FORMULA LAND USE Open Land Low to Medium Density Residential Dense Residential Commercial Neighborhood Commercial Downtown Industrial RUNOFF COEFFICIENTS (C) 0.20 0.35 0.50 0.60 0.80 0.80 Source: City of Bozeman Stormwater Master Plan, Thomas Dean & Hoskins, Inc., 1982 3. TIME OF CONCENTRATION A basic assumption of the rational method is that the peak runoff rate occurs when the duration of the storm equals the time of concentration. The time of concentration is the flow time from the most remote point in the drainage to the point in question. It generally consists of overland flow time and channel flow time. Overland flow time may be estimated from the nomograph in Figure 1-1. Channel flow time in gutters, ditches, or pipes may be determined by estimating velocities with the Manning equation: V = 1.486 R213 S 112 n V -Mean velocity (ft/sec.) n -Manning roughness coefficient (typical values in Table 1-2) R -Hydraulic radius* = cross sectional area wetted perimeter 27 TABLE I-2 MANNING EQUATION -TYPICAL "n" VALUES Chal)nel Type Open Unlined Channels Concrete and RCP Pipe Corrugated Steel Pipe PVC pipe 4. STORM INTENSITY "n" Factor 0.035 0.013 0.024 0.013 The intensity of the storm is determined from Figure I-2 or I-3. Duration is assumed to be equal to the time of concentration. The values in Table I-3 are the City of Bozeman design frequencies. TABLE I-3 RAINFALL FREQUENCY FOR USE IN THE RATIONAL FORMULA Land Use Open Land Residential Commercial or Industrial 5. RUNOFF RATES AND VOLUMES Design Rainfall Frequency 2-year 10-year 10-year The rational formula provides a peak runoff rate which occurs at the time of concentration. The modified rational method approach shall be used to compute runoff volume for storm durations equal to or greater than the time of concentration. This method assumes the maximum runoff rate begins at the time of concentration and continues to the end of the storm. Maximum runoff rates for durations greater than the time of concentration are less than the peak runoff rate because average storm intensity decreases as duration increases. Total runoff volume is computed by multiplying the duration of the storm by the runoff rate. 28 6. RAINFALL INTENSITY DURATION CURVE In order to use the rainfall intensity duration curve, the time of concentration must be known. This can be determined either by the following equation or Figure I-1: Tc= 1.87 {1.1 -CCr) D v, S 1/3 Where Tc= Time of concentration, minutes S = Slope of Basin, % C = Rational Method Runoff Coefficient D = Length of Basin, feet Cr= Frequency Adjustment Factor1 Time of concentration calculations should reflect channel and storm sewer velocities as well as overland flow times. 'RATIONAL METHOD FREQUENCY ADJUSTMENT FACTORS Storm Return Period Frequency Factors (years) Cr 2 to 10 I Ito 25 26 to 50 51 to 100 Note: The product of C times Cr_shall not exceed 1.00. 29 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.25 1200 1000 800 z -600 LIJ u ~ en ci ...J LLI 400 ~ a: r- 0 z <{ ...J a: w 200 6 0 I I I J I I I J I I I I I I I I I J I I I .? I I ' I I l I I I (5 I I I I I I I I I I I I ~ io~ ~ .. cl _/ I /I I I / I I I I I 2 I~ ·~ ,f,l ~ I ~ ~/ ~'/ I I I I I I '" ~I I I kl I I I I -; :.; ~)'/ 2.\~ I I I I I ..... 1 / I / I/ . I '!/ I I I 0 I I I I p; I I l /I I I /I ' I -I I I I I I I I I II ' I /I ; I I I I I I I I I I / j / I / j / I I / V I l 1 I /I I I I I /I I I / I I I II I I I I I I J V I I I V , I I /I I I I I I 7 j ; 7 I I i/ I I J If /v ,/ j I ~ I I I J V; I I I / / I / / I I/ I I/ I I I I / V ,J' V I / I I /; V /I /I -~ v v i V / J ' II I I I/ CJ 7 1 n ~ ./ / / \ l I I I \II 1 / I A I ./ c.,i;P' ,i!: / ./ / ../ I I I I I JI I V Y I I /.,, / t;:,; / ,,./ /' .. r / I I I I /J I I vi "" / l/1 -:,C y ........ / -/ I I ij) • J ii V1 / / / _,,,,/ ,../ V .... a l~ ./ I ,. .,,,. I I I /; II I/ I / / / ,,,.v /"' / V .;.p 1,./' .,,- / / ,... II :/ / 7;, I /J/ / / ., / .,/ / I e,; / , I / /1 I ;% // ~/ A' / / / ,/ / / / ---~O _.., / / / ---I ). I ,, 0 v~ / / I / ./ / y / // :.,/' I ~ /f .,... /' / I/ ~ ~ V / 7/ ./ ,/ ./ ,,./ ,..... ---1-< / / V .... r,. ~ ~ ~ V / V / Vv,,./ ,,.V ..... -~-..... V -I ~ ...... 7 ~ / v _....,.... ~v ..... .-,,. ~ ~ . )0-~ ~ l/ V ..,..,...,.. --l-~ -I (l::I;.. ,;:;> -_,,...I ---- /~ ~ v v L/ l,-Y .---~L-f-l.--:' -I Jc= Cl:':. ~ . .- I ~ ~ ~ "' l,...--"' ~ I_L-4--I I , ~ L,.....,,1 L--l ~~:::::~-::i--r ·1 I I I I . ' 1 I I I I I I I I FIGURE 1-1 TIME OF CONCENTRATION (Rational Formula) 140 120 (J) w r-=i 100 z ~ z ~ ~ a: 80 r-z w u z 0 u ~ 0 60 ~ ~ Cl ~ ...J a: w > 40 0 20 0 t"rj ......... G) ~ >-I I Iv ~ z t"rj ;p. r-< r-< z @ w 163 -" ......... >-J >-< I t:l C ~ >-J ......... ~ z i >-J tT1 (/.) 6 5 n:: ::) 0 I n:: w (L 4 -•· (/) w I u z _J _J <{ LL z RAINFALL INTENSITY -DURATION CURVES BOZEMAN,MONTANA RAINFALL POWER CURVE I I I I I- ,,,,,,. I 00 YEAR FREQ UREN CY X=HR Y=IN/HR 2YEAR 5 YEAR 10 YEAR 25 YEAR 50 YEAR 100 YEAR Y=0.36X--60 Y=o.s2x-·64 Y=0.64X--65 Y=o.nx--64 Y=0.92X-·66 Y= 1.0 I x--67 .~---~---~---f 1---1----~--~---l -,-t--,.,....,_~........_--+ I I l----~---1----1··----I 1----1 ~ i--,... 0:: 1 ·---1 I l I r ~~ I I i I 1 I -1 I . l 0 -J~-1--1--- 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 DURATION IN MINUTES 'TJ ....... 0 C ~ >--' r w ~ z 'Tj )> ~ z w I~ N z Cl) ......... ~ I t1 C ~ .....:i ....... 0 z z ~ 0 C ~ (/) RAINFALL INTENSITY -DURATION CURVES BOZEMAN, MONTANA 1 ~--,--,---..--,----r---, Ii RAINFALL FREQURENCY 1-1 0 .1 -i--,--,r---1 0 0 3 POWER CURVE --•---1---;---1· I •--,--- X=HR Y=IN/HR 100 YEAR --1--1 ·-- ---+---•--•--·I -- 2 YEAR 5 YEAR 10 YEAR 25 YEAR 50 YEAR 100 YEAR Y=0.36X·60 Y=0.52X··64 Y=0.64X-65 Y=0.78X··64 Y=o.nx-66 Y=I.OJX-67 1-1-1-1-1 1-1-1-,1 rn ---,-·-·-·- 10 YEAR I I l---1--1-1---11 --·· 1 1·-·-1 . ;-. ·; ---;· -a--- -•-•·-•-·-rr -; -~,--1 : +-·- • ' ' i 1---f-----t--JJ I I I I.J-1-~ij_; 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 DURATION IN HOURS III. FLOODPLAIN REGULATIONS A. GENERAL Floodplain regulations are detailed in Chapter 18.58 of the BUDO. These regulations are intended to protect the public health, welfare and safety in order that citizens and property owners can remain under the national flood insurance program. All proposed developments shall conform to the requirements of Chapter 18.58 of the BUDO. 33 IV. ROADWAY DESIGN AND TECHNICAL CRITERIA A. GENERAL. This section sets forth the minimum design and technical criteria and specifications to be used in the preparation of all roadway plans. All roadway plans should also be designed in conformance with MPWSS; City of Bozeman Modifications to MPWSS; Americans With Disabilities Act; and City of Bozeman Sidewalk Policy. B. SIDEWALKS, CURBS AND GUTTERS AND DRIVEWAYS 1. Roadway typical sections are detailed in Figure A-1 in the Appendix of this Policy. Roadway typical sections shall conform to conditions of approval for the project. 2. Concrete sidewalks shall be constructed on both sides of all roadways unless otherwise approved by action of City Commission. Sidewalks shall be 6- inches thick across driveways, and 4-inches thick elsewhere. Sidewalk design and construction shall be in accordance with the "City of Bozeman Sidewalk Policy". 3. All sidewalks shall have a minimum width of five (5) feet, except the minimum width shall be ten (10) feet in the central business district. All sidewalks that are to be publicly-maintained and all sidewalks along arterial streets shall have a minimum width of six (6) feet and shall be 6-inches thick reinforced concrete. Publicly-maintained sidewalks are sidewalks along all parks, and any public facilities or city-owned structures which are anticipated to be maintained by the City of Bozeman. 4. Integral curb and gutter shall be used on all roadways. 5. Pedestrian ramps shall be installed at all intersections and at certain mid-block locations for all new construction or reconstruction of curb and sidewalk. Pedestrian ramps shall be constructed in accordance with City of Bozeman Standard Drawings and Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements. Pedestrian ramps may be shown at all curb returns or called out by a general note on the development plans. 6. Guardrails may be required in certain situations. Guardrails shall be designed and constructed in accordance with AASHTO Standards or as directed by the City Engineer. 7. Drop-curbs for driveways may only be installed with the initial curb construction when the final building locations have been determined. Driveway locations shall conform to Section 18.44.090, BUDO. 34 8. Curb transitions for curb bulbs shall be accomplished using 35' minimum radius curves to achieve the desired pavement narrowing. All curb bulbs shall be adequately marked with flexible roadway delineators and yellow curb paint as necessary. The minimum curb bulb throat width is 24 feet (back of curb to back of curb). C. DRAINAGE Drainage systems shall be designed in accordance with these Design Standards and Specifications, Section II, Drainage Policy. Development plans, including a drainage report, for the drainage system are required for concurrent review with, and shall be considered part of roadway design. 1. Crosspans. Crosspans ( valley gutters) shall be constructed in accordance with City of Bozeman Standard Drawings. Crosspans are not allowed across collector or arterial roadways, nor are they allowed on roadways with storm sewer systems. Crosspans may be used parallel with collector or arterial roadways to convey storm runoff across residential roadways. The use of crosspans elsewhere is discouraged, and will only be allowed after all other alternatives have been investigated. 2. Inlets: a. Inlets shall be located to intercept the major curb flow at intervals sufficient to ensure the depth of flow in the curb line is a maximum of 0.15' below the top of curb. This will result in a maximum spread width of approximately 9.5'. Inlets should be aligned with lot lines wherever possible. b. Inlets shall also be installed to intercept cross-pavement flows at points of transition in super elevation. Due to the presence of pedestrian ramps, inlets are not allowed in the curb return, but will be located at the tangent points of the curb returns. c. All inlets within the public right-of-way, or to be maintained by the City of Bozeman, shall be constructed in accordance with City of Bozeman Standard Drawings. 3. Cross Slope: Except at intersections, or where super-elevation is required, roadways shall be level from top of curb to top of curb and shall have a three (3 )percent crown as measured from centerline to lip of curb, or lip of median curb to lip of outside curb on roadways with raised center islands. Parabolic or curve crowns are not allowed. Maximum pavement cross slope allowed is 35 five (5) percent at warped intersections, as measured above. In no case shall the pavement cross slope at warped intersections exceed the grade of the through street. When warping side streets at intersections, the crown transition should be completed within 75-feet horizontally for local streets, 100-feet horizontally for collector streets, and 150-feet horizontally for arterial streets. The crown of the through street shall be decreased to 1.5% through intersections, with the crown transitions being accomplished within 100 feet on either side of the intersections. Quarter crowning may be accepted on a case by case basis needing prior approval from the City Engineer. 4. Temporary Erosion Control: Temporary erosion control is required at the ends of all roadways that are not completed due to project phasing, subdivision boundaries, etc. Prevention of erosion at the roadway terminus shall be by methods approved by the City Engineer. 5. Sidewalk Chases: a. Storm waters from concentrated points of discharge shall not be allowed to flow over sidewalks, but shall drain to the roadway by the use of chase sections. The use of sidewalk chases is discouraged, and their use is limited to situations where it is not possible to use standard storm inlets and piping. b. Chase sections shall not be located within a curb cut of driveway. Chase sections shall be identified by station and elevation. c. Sidewalk chase sections are to be constructed in accordance with the City of Bozeman Standard Drawings. D. HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT 1. Turning Radius: All roadways shall intersect at right angles as nearly as possible. In no case shall the angle of intersection be less than seventy-five degrees (75°). 2. Curb Return Radius: Minimum curb returns shall be as shown in Table IV-1 of these specifications. A larger radius may be used with the approval of the City Engineer. 3. Design Speed: Design speed shall be as shown in Table IV-2 of these specifications. 4. Horizontal Curves: The minimum centerline radius for horizontal curves shall be as shown in Table IV-2 of these specifications. Variances from the requirements of Table IV-2 for local streets only may be considered on a case by case basis. 36 5. Two streets meeting a third street from opposite sides shall meet at the same point, or their centerlines shall be off-set at least 125 feet. TABLE IV-1 CURB RETURN RADIUS AT INTERSECTIONS* LOCAL COLLECTOR MINOR ARTERIAL MAJOR ARTERIAL LOCAL OR PRIVATE ST. 15' 15' 15' 15' COLLECTOR 15' 25' 25' 25' MINOR ARTERIAL 15' 25' ** ** PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL 15' 25' ** ** * Measured from back of curb ** Per AASHTO Standards 37 TABLEIV-2 MINIMUM STREET DESIGN STANDARDS FOR CITY STREETS STREET TYPE PRINCIPAL MINOR COLLECTOR LOCAL RURAL ARTERIAL ARTERIAL Right-of-way width 110' -120'3 100' 90' 60 90' -110'3 Centerline radius on curves I I 300' 150' 300' Tangent length between I I 100' 50' 100' reverse curves Stopping sight distance I I 300' 200' 300' Angle at intersection I I >75° >75° >75° centerline Curb radius at intersections 2 2 2 2 NIA Length of tangent at I I 150' 100' 150' intersection Back of curb to back of curb 82' 50', 63', 71'3 45', 48', 52',62'3 31', 33', 35'3 33 ', 39', 62 '3,4 Length of cul-de-sac5 NIA NIA NIA 500' NIA Outside radius on cul-de-sac 5 5 NIA 50' NIA right-of-way5 Grade -maximum I I 7% 10% 10% Grade -minimum 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% Grade within 150 feet of I I 3% 3% 3% intersecting centerlines Design Speed (MPH) 50 45 45 30 45 K Factor (minimum) Crest I I 105 50 105 Sag I I 65 35 65 Minimum VCL Crest I I 90 50 90 Sag I I 70 50 70 38 1All design criteria shall meet AASHTO standards. 2See Table IV-I 3The specific right-of-way and back of curb to back of curb street width will be determined on a case by case basis through the subdivision review process, and will be based on the specific needs, impacts and context of the development proposal. _,The rural street standard does not include curb and gutter. The street width is measured from the edge of pavement to the edge of pavement. 5Cul-de-sacs are generally not allowed The City Engineer may consider and approve the installation of a cul-de-sac only when necessary due to topography, the presence of critical lands, access control, adjacency to parks or open space, or similar site constraints. 6. 7. 8. 9. Super-elevation: Super-elevation may be required for arterial roadways and selected collector roadways. Horizontal curve radius and super-elevation shall be in accordance with the recommendations of AASHTO. Super-elevation shall not be used on local roadways. Spiral Curves: Spiral curves shall not be used on road-ways within the COB (State highways excluded) except by written approval of the City Engineer. Railroad Crossing: All railroad crossings on streets shall be steel reinforced rubber for the full width of the roadway. Barricades: Whenever roadways terminate due to project phasing, subdivision boundaries, etc., barricades are required in accordance with the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) and City standards. E. VERTICAL ALIGNMENT Design controls for vertical alignment are shown in Table IV-2. 1. 2. 3. 4. Permissible Roadway Grades: The minimum allowable grade for any roadway or alley is one-half (0.5) percent. The maximum allowable grade for any roadway is shown in Table IV-2 of this Policy. The maximum grade for an alley is subject to the approval of the City Engineer. Changing Grades: Continuous grade changes or "roller-coastering" shall not be permitted. The use of grade breaks, in lieu of vertical curves, is not encouraged. Where the algebraic difference in grade (A) exceeds one percent (1.0%), a vertical curve is to be used. Vertical Curves: All vertical curves shall be symmetrical. Design criteria for vertical curves are found in Table IV-2. The minimum grade within a sag (sump) vertical curve is five-tenths (0.50) of a percent. Minimum length of a vertical curve is shown in Table IV-2. All vertical curves shall be labeled, in the profile, with length of curve (L) and K (=LIA). Intersections: The following additional criteria shall apply at intersections. 39 a. The grade of the "through" street shall take precedence at intersections. At intersections of roadways with the same classification, the more important roadway, as determined by the COB Engineering Department, shall have this precedence. Warp side streets to match through streets. See Section IV.C. 3 above. b. The elevation at the point of tangency (PT) of the curb return on the through street is always set by the grade of the through street in conjunction with normal pavement cross slope. c. Carrying the crown of the side street into the intersecting through street is not permitted. d. At an arterial-arterial intersection, a more detailed review of the entire intersection's drive ability will be done. 5. Curb returns: Minimum fall around curb returns, when turning water, shall be three-tenths (0.3) of a foot for a fifteen (15) foot radius; four-tenths (0.4) of a foot for a twenty (20) foot radius; one-half (0.5) of a foot for a twenty-five (25) foot radius. For all other curb return radii use a grade of 1.25-percent within the return to establish minimum fall when turning water. The maximum fall around a curb return is 3.00-percent. Show and label high point location, elevation and intersection of flow line in plan view if applicable. 6. Connection with Existin Roadwa s: Connections with existing roadways shall be smooth transitions conforming to normal vertical curve criteria if the algebraic difference in grade (A) between the existing and proposed grade exceeds one percent (1.0%). When a vertical curve is used to make this transition, it shall be fully accomplished prior to the connection with the existing improvement. Field-verified slope and elevation of existing roadways shall be shown on the plans. 7. Off site Design and Construction: The design grade, and existing ground at that design grade, of all roadways that dead end due to project phasing, subdivision boundaries, etc., shall be continued in the same plan and profile as the proposed design for at least three hundred (300) feet or to its intersection with an arterial roadway. This limit shall be extended to six hundred (600) feet when arterial roadways are being designed. If the off site roadway adjacent to the proposed development is not fully improved, the developer is responsible for the design and construction of a transition with a 4-foot road base shoulder for the safe conveyance of traffic from his improved section to the existing roadway. The following formula shall be applied to the taper or land change necessary for this transition: 40 Speed Limit 40 MPH or Less 45 MPH or Greater where L = WS2/60 L=WxS L = length of transition in feet W = width of offset in feet S = speed limit or 85th percentile speed The City of Bozeman Engineering Department should be consulted for any unusual transition conditions. Grade breaks greater than 1-percent are not allowed when matching existing dirt or gravel streets. 8. The cost of offsite pavement transitions shall be borne by the developer. F. MEDIAN TREATMENT Median curbs should be integral curb and gutter (with spill curb) unless otherwise approved. Medians less than eight (8) feet wide should be capped with M-4000 concrete a minimum of three (3) inches thick. Wider medians should be top soiled and seeded with an approved seed mix. The minimum median width is 4 feet. All medians or raised islands should be made clearly visible at night through the use of adequate reflectorization and/or illumination. Flexible delineators shall be placed at the beginning and end of all medians, and at the point of any horizontal alignment change. All median curbs and island curbs shall be painted yellow with epoxy paint. G. ROADWAY SPECIFICATIONS Following are the requirements of the minimum roadway surfacing standards: Surfacing. The pavement thickness design will be based on the current AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures, or the current Asphalt Institute Manual Series No. 1 (MS-1) for thickness design. A Pavement Design Report, based upon specific site soil data and design-year traffic loading conditions, prepared by a Professional Engineer, or other qualified professional approved by the City Engineer, shall be submitted to the City Engineer for approval prior to plan and specification submittal if using the self-certification process or with the plans and specifications if using the standard process. The design shall be based on at least a 20-year performance period traffic volume; however, the minimum design lane Equivalent 18,000-lb Single Axle Load (ESAL) used in the pavement design shall not be less than 50,000-ESAL. The minimum asphalt pavement thickness for any new local roadway shall be three (3) inches. The minimum asphalt pavement thickness for any new collector or arterial roadway shall be four (4) inches. A 41 minimum of six ( 6) inches of high quality untreated aggregate base shall be provided for designs utilizing asphalt pavement over untreated aggregate base. Where full-depth asphalt is designed, an adequate stabilizer lift shall be included, consistent with unpaved roadway design practices, to provide a suitable sub-base capable of withstanding the traffic required for the initial construction of the roadway. The City Engineer may require intersections with roundabouts or traffic circles to be constructed with Portland Cement Concrete surfacing. H. SIGNS and MARKINGS I . Street identification signs shall be installed at all new intersections in accordance with City of Bozeman Modifications to MPWSS. The design Engineer should consider, and the City Engineer may require, regulatory traffic control signs and pavement markings in accordance with the MUTCD. Stop signs shall be installed on local streets when they intersect with any collector or arterial streets. 2. Unless otherwise approved, all transverse markings, words and symbols, and 8" or larger lane line pavement markings shall be inlaid thermoplastic or pre- formed plastic tape. All other markings may be either inlaid or preformed thermoplastic or epoxy paint. The materials proposed for all markings shall be specified on the plans. 3. Crosswalk markings should not be used indiscriminately. An engineering study should be performed before they are installed at locations away from traffic signals or stop signs. Mid-block crosswalks are discouraged. a. All marked crosswalks for designated school crossings shall be longitudinal white bars ("City of Bozeman Type B" style). "School Crossing" signs and "School Advance Warning" signs shall be installed at all designated school crossings. b. At stop or signal controlled intersections, marked crosswalks shall be two 8" white lines, 8' apart typically, installed transverse to traffic and in-line with sidewalks, if any ("City of Bozeman Type A" style). c. Marked crosswalks at uncontrolled intersections, and all mid-block crosswalks shall be "Type B", with "Pedestrian Crossing" signs. "Pedestrian Crossing Advance Warning" signs should be installed if deemed warranted by engineering judgment. d. Parking shall be restricted by the use of signs and curb markings within 20 feet of crosswalks at a minimum, or longer based on engineering judgment. 42 e. All crosswalk signs and advance crosswalk signs shall have a fluorescent yellow green background. 4. All signs shall comply with the "Standard Highway Signs" book (FHW A). 5. Street name signs for publicly-maintained roadways shall consist of white letters on a green background. Street name signs for privately-maintained roadways shall consist of white letters on a blue background. I. MONUMENTATION 1. Monuments in monument boxes shall be provided in new or reconstructed streets at all section comers, quarter comers, and sixteenth comers. J. LIGHTING The design engineer shall consider the need for roadway lighting in the development of plans for any new or reconstructed roadways. Street lighting consists of street lighting and pathway intersection lighting, and shall comply with the following requirements: 1. General. a. All street lighting shall be operated and maintained through the creation of a new SILD, through the annexation to an existing SILD or through some other equivalent means approved by the City of Bozeman. The application to create or annex to an existing SILD shall be submitted to the City within 2 months of preliminary approval of the development. The approval to create or annex to an SILD shall be granted prior to final plat for a subdivision or Occupancy if a final plat is not required. b. Street lighting shall be installed per 38.39.030 B, BMC (in regards to completion time for improvements). c. Individual yard lights on private property shall not be used for street lighting. d. Unless otherwise specified herein, installation of equipment for lighting shall conform to the requirements of "Bozeman Lighting and Electrical Specifications" (see appendix). 43 K. BIKE LANES/PATHS All bike lanes/paths shall be designed in accordance with the "Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities" (AASHTO, latest edition). Bike lanes shall be marked and signed in accordance with the MUTCD. 44 V. UTILITY DESIGN CRITERIA A. WATER DISTRIBUTION LINES DESIGN CRITERIA 1. All additions or modifications to the COB water system will be designed in accordance with the criteria set forth in this and other sections of this Policy as approved by the City Engineer. Ductile Iron Pipe (DIP) shall be used exclusively unless special approval, in writing, of alternate materials is given by the City Engineer. All additions to the water system will be designed and installed in accordance with the Water Quality Bureau (WQB) Circular No. l; MPWSS; COB Modifications to MPWSS; COB Water Facility Plan; and COB Fire Service Line Standard. 2. Master Water Plan: A master water plan shall be submitted for each subdivision or other major development prior to approval of any portion of the water system. An overall plan of the development, including all areas outside of the study area which would naturally be served through the study area shall be submitted. 3. A design report prepared by a professional engineer licensed in the State of Montana demonstrating compliance with these requirements shall be submitted to and approved by the City of Bozeman prior to plan and specification submittal if using the self-certification process or with the plans and specifications if using the standard process for any new development. Design parameters and the critical conditions shall be shown on a overall plan of the study area. An overall plan of the development, including all areas outside of the study area which would naturally be served through the study area shall be included. 4. Main Size: The water distribution system shall be designed to meet the maximum demand plus fire flow and the peak hour demand. The design shall be based on a maximum hour to average day ratio of 3: 1 (maximum day to average day ratio of 2.3: 1 for an average daily usage of 170-gallons per day per person), plus fire flow demand as determined by ISO (Insurance Services Office) criteria. A "C" Factor of 130 shall be used in modeling system designs. The working residual water pressure shall not be less than 20-psi at any point in the water distribution system under maximum day plus fire flow. The velocity of the water in the system shall not exceed 15-feet per second through a public main line. The minimum diameter for any new main is 8- inch, unless specific approval in writing is obtained from the City of Bozeman for smaller diameters. 5. Main Extensions: All main extensions shall be looped, where possible. All dead end 8" mains shall end with a fire hydrant or 2" blowoff. Larger diameter dead end mains shall end with a fire hydrant. Permanent dead-end 45 mains shall not exceed 500-feet long. Temporary dead-end mains scheduled for future extension may end with a blow-off in lieu of a fire hydrant. 6. Services a. A water line is designated as either a service line or water main based on its use, not its size. Generally, a line serving a single building or facility is considered a service line; a line serving more than one building, or intended to serve more than one building or facility is generally designated a water main. The standard sizes of service lines are 3/4-, 1-, 1 Yz-, 2-, 4-, 6-, or 8-inch. The minimum size of a fire service line is I-inch. The minimum size of a service line stub is 1 ", to allow for the potential use of the domestic supply for a fire sprinkler system. b. Service pipe shall be type "K" copper for sizes less than 4-inch, and ductile iron for services 4-inch and larger. Plans and specifications prepared by a Professional Engineer licensed in the State of Montana shall be submitted for 4-inch and larger service lines. c. The service stubs shall be installed in accordance with the COB Standard Drawings for service lines. The service line stubs shall be installed at the center of each lot unless otherwise approved by the Water Superintendent. d. No service line shall be extended into a building until an "Application for Service" has been completed and a Plumbing Permit has been obtained from the Building Department. e. Backflow prevention devices as required by the Water Superintendent shall be installed on each fire and domestic service line. Meters will be installed inside the building by the Water Department on all service lines except for fire service lines. Meter pits shall not be used unless specifically approved by the Water Superintendent. f. All service connections shall be uniform size from the service line tap to the building structure or structures unless otherwise approved or required by the Water Superintendent. The Water Department shall reserve the right to require a larger service connection to any building, structure or development if the water requirements when calculated by the fixture unit method, as specified in the Uniform Plumbing Code, cause the service line velocity to exceed ten (10) feet per second. Each service line and meter shall supply a specific building. 46 g. All service line stubs shall be sized to adequately serve the maximum anticipated demand for the property being served. h. The Water Superintendent may require the termination of any existing service stubs ( either for domestic or fire service) that are not utilized for service upon the development of the lot. Lines to be terminated shall be capped or plugged at the main, and any curb boxes or valve boxes on the line shall be removed. 7. Valves: Valves shall be installed in accordance with the following unless otherwise approved or required by the Water Superintendent: a. All connections to an existing water main will begin with a new valve. b. Valves shall be located at not more than 500-foot intervals in commercial districts and at not more than one block or 800-foot intervals in other districts. c. Every leg of a main intersection shall have a valve. d. Valves shall be placed so that main shut-downs can be accomplished with only one fire hydrant being out of service at a time. 8. Hydrants: Hydrants shall be provided at each street intersection and at intermediate points so that hydrants are spaced from 350-to 600-feet depending on the area being served. Mid-block hydrants shall be installed in line with lot lines. 9. Air Relief: Air relief shall be provided at all high points in the line where air can accumulate by means of hydrants, services, or air relief valves. 10. Pressure Reducing Valves: Pressure reducing valves shall be installed when the anticipated average-day line pressure exceeds 120 psi. 11. Thrust Restraint: All thrust restraint shall be designed to withstand the test pressure or the working pressure plus surge allowance, whichever is larger. Adequate factors of safety shall be employed in the design. B. SANITARY SEWER SYSTEM DESIGN CRITERIA 1. All additions or modifications to the COB sanitary sewer system will be designed in accordance with the criteria set forth in this and other sections of 47 this Guide as approved by the City Engineer. All additions to the sewer system will be designed and installed in accordance with WQB Circular No. 2; MPWSS; COB Modifications to MPWSS; the Uniform Plumbing Code; and the COB Wastewater Facility Plan. 2. A design report prepared by a professional engineer licensed in the State of Montana demonstrating compliance with these requirements shall be submitted to and approved by the City of Bozeman prior to plan and specification submittal if using the self-certification process or with the plans and specifications if using the standard process for any new development. Design parameters and the critical conditions shall be shown on an overall plan of the study area. An overall plan of the development, including all areas outside of the study area which would naturally be served through the study area shall be included. 3. New sewer lines shall be sized to flow at no more than 75-percent of full capacity at peak hour conditions upon the full build-out of the development. The effects of the proposed development's sewer loading on existing downstream sewer lines shall be analyzed. 4. New sanitary sewer lines to serve residential areas shall be designed to accommodate an average daily flow rate of2.l 1 people per dwelling unit and 89-gallons per capita per day. An infiltration rate of 150-gallons/acre/day shall be added to all flow calculations when designing new sewers. 5. New sanitary sewer lines shall be designed to accommodate the average daily flows as shown in Table V-1, V-2, and V-3 of this Policy. 6. A Manning's friction factor of 0.013 shall be used in designing new sewers. A peaking factor shall be calculated for each pipe segment based on the following formula; Qmax --------= QAve 18+P112 4 + pl/2 (P = Population/thousands) For non-residential flows an equivalent population shall be calculated for use in the peaking factor formula. 48 To evaluate future collection needs, wastewater loading needs to be assigned to areas based on anticipated future land use characteristics. In areas within the City limits the assigned zoning provides the best tool to approximate future wastewater loadings. Table V-1 shows the recommended wastewater flow rates based on a per acre basis for zoned areas. Detailed information on how the flow rates were developed is located in Appendix 2A of the "City of Bozeman Wastewater Facilities Plan, 2007." TABLE V-1 WASTEWATER FLOW RA TE FOR ZONED UNDEVELOPED AREAS 1 Designation R-S R-1 R-2 R-3 R-4 R-0 R-MH B-1 B-2 B-3 M-1 M-2 B-P NEHMU PLI Dwelling Units per Acre 6.5 3.9 5.2 6.5 10.4 5.2 5.2 6.5 1 The flow allocation in this table is based on gross area. GAL./ ACRE/DAY 1,220 730 980 1,220 1,950 980 980 1,000 2,000 3,000 960 960 960 1,220 1,030 In areas within the 2020 Plan Boundary that have a defined land use, wastewater flows can be allocated on the land use designation. Table V-2 provides the recommended wastewater flow rate by land use designation. 49 TABLE V-2 WASTEWATER FLOW RA TE BY LAND USE DESIGNATION1 Dwelling Designation Industrial Neighborhood Commercial Community Commercial Regional Commercial Business Park Public Institutions Residential Suburban Residential Park and Open Space Other Public Lands Golf Course MSU MSUWest Units per Acre 5.5 1.3 GAL./ ACRE/DAY 960 1,200 2,400 1,600 960 1,030 1,030 240 25 1,030 30 2,780 1,030 The flow allocation in this table is based on gross area as land area. Table V-3 identifies the recommended flow allocation for areas that are defiend as future urban by the 2020 Plan or are areas outside of the 2020 Plan Boundary. These areas are the least defined in terms of land use. As such, the projected flows are based on equivalent residential dwelling unit densities. Additional detail is provided in Appendix 2A of the "City of Bozeman Wastewater Facilities Plan, 2007". TABLE V-3 WASTEWATER FLOW RA TE FOR UNDEFINED LAND USE DESIGNATIONS 1 Dwelling Units Designation per Acre Future Urban 5.5 Future Expansion Area 5.5 The flow allocation in this table is based on gross area. 50 GAL./ ACRE/DAY 1,030 1,030 7. Manhole Spacing: The maximum distance between manholes shall be as follows: SANITARY SEWER PIPE SIZE 811 to 15" 18" to 30" larger than 30" MAXIMUM DISTANCE 400' 500' 600' 8. Barrel Size: The alignment and number of pipes into the manhole will determine the barrel size for the size of pipe used. All 48-inch manholes will have eccentric cone top sections if total manhole height is greater than six feet. All other manholes will have flat tops. All drop manholes shall be "inside drop" with a minimum barrel diameter of 60-inch. The internal diameter of the manhole barrel shall be typically as follows: SANITARY SEWER PIPE SIZE 12" or less BARREL SIZE 48" 15" to 2711 6011 3011 to 48 11 72" Manholes larger than seventy-two (72) inches may be allowed with specific approval by the City Engineer. 9. Manhole Channels: All manholes shall have full-depth channels. When a smaller main is being connected to a larger main at a manhole, the manhole inverts shall be set so that the 8/10 depth of flow of each main is equal in elevation. The minimum drop across a manhole (invert in to invert out) is 0.2'(cut-in manholes excepted). 10. Sanitary Sewer Mains: The minimum diameter of a sewer main is 8-inches. Main lines shall be sized for design flow, not available slope. PVC pipe shall be used for all gravity flow main lines unless other materials are specifically approved. 11. Sanitary Sewer Services: The minimum diameter of a service is 4-inch. Services shall connect to the main with in-line gasketed wyes. The service line stub, from the main to the property line or easement line, shall be installed with a maximum slope of 1h-inch per foot. The minimum slope of a 4-inch service line stub is 1/4-inch per foot. The minimum slope of a 6-inch service line stub is 1/8-inch per foot. Sewer service line stubs will typically be installed 15-feet from the downstream lot line. Services are to be installed perpendicular to the main. 51 Each building shall have a separate service line from the building to the sewer main, with the following exception: Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) may share sewer service with the service from the primary dwelling unit on the lot, provided that the service is television inspected at the owner's expense, and the Water/Sewer Superintendent determines that the service is in an acceptable condition for shared use. 12. Access Roads: A 12'-wide all-weather gravel access road, with tum-arounds if needed, shall be constructed to provide access to all sanitary sewer manholes not located within a paved public or private street or parking lot. 13. Cut-in Manholes: Pre-cast manhole bases are preferred for cut-in manholes. Poured-in-place cut-in manholes may be used if approved by the Sewer Superintendent. C. STORM SEWERS 1. Materials: RCP (reinforced concrete pipe) or PVC pipe may be used, however PVC pipe may only be used for pipes sized 36" diameter and smaller. PVC pipe shall have a minimum stiffness of 46 PSI. Structural strength shall withstand HS-20 design load. If PVC pipe is used, all pipe exposed to sunlight shall be protected with concrete headwalls or prefabricated end sections in accordance with MPWSS Section 02725. 2. Minimum Sizes: Storm sewer mains shall not be less than 15-inch diameter. Privately owned storm sewers may be smaller, but shall still be designed in accordance with section C.5 below. 3. Manhole Spacing and Size: Storm Sewer Pipe Diameter or Vertical Rise 15" -36" 42" -60" 66" and Larger Storm Sewer Pipe Diameter 15" -18" 20" -28" 30" -48" Maximum Manhole Spacing (Ft.) 400 500 750 Barrel Size* ( Ft.) 4 5 6 * Multiple pipe penetrations may require larger manhole barrels 52 4. Storm Inlets a. Publicly owned storm inlets shall comply with the applicable standard drawing in the COB Modifications to MPWSS. Where inadequate overflow paths are provided, inlets must be oversized SO-percent to accommodate plugging. b. The size of outlet pipes from storm water inlets shall be based upon the design capacity of the inlet, but shall not be less than 12- inches in diameter. The outlet pipes shall connect to the storm sewer main with a manhole. c. Computations for storm sewer design and storm inlet designs shall be submitted prior to plan and specification submittal if using the self-certification process or with the plans and specifications if using the standard process. Adequate details of inlets, manholes and other appurtenances shall be included in the overall drainage plan submitted for approval. d. Combination manhole/inlets may be used where approved as detailed in the City of Bozeman Modifications to MPWSS. 5. Hydraulic Design Storm sewers shall be designed to convey the 25 year storm event with no surcharging (i.e. pipe full with no head). Inlets and sidewalk chases shall be designed to convey the 25 year storm flow with a maximum water surface elevation of 0.15' below the top of curb. Drainage reports shall include hydraulic grade line calculations including losses from friction and transitions. Approved erosion control shall be designed and installed at all outlets. 6. Alignment a. Manholes are required wherever there is change in size, direction, elevation, grade or at sewer main junctions. b. The minimum vertical clearance between a potable water main and a storm sewer main is 1.5-feet. The minimum horizontal clearance between a potable water main and a storm sewer main is IO-feet. c. Horizontal alignment between manholes shall be straight. 7. Culverts a. A culvert is considered to be any structure which connects two 53 open channels. The culvert is to be designed to convey the 25-year frequency flow of the tributary drainage basin. The headwater depth will be limited by upstream conditions, but in no case shall exceed 1.5 times the culvert diameter. Excessive ponding above culvert entrances will not be acceptable if damage appears likely to surrounding property or to the roadway. b. Culverts shall be designed with an emergency overflow path. The emergency overflow capacity shall be 100-percent of the whole culvert for the major storm for culverts with area less than twenty square feet and for culverts with area greater than or equal twenty square feet, the overflow capacity shall be 100-percent of the capacity provided by the first twenty squ.are feet plus 20-percent of the capacity provided for the additional area as established by the formula: % overflow= (110%) 20+{A-20).20, where "A" is the area of the culvert opening. A If the culvert is located in a low point in the road the required overflow capacity can be provided by overtopping the road, as long as this does not result in more than 50 feet of street being flooded. Where the culvert is not in a low point, or where more than 50 feet will be flooded, the overflow capacity shall be provided by either increasing the culvert size, or additional culverts. 8. Culvert Hydraulics a. The culvert including inlet and outlet structures shall convey water, sediment and debris at all stages of flow. b. End Treatment: Flared end sections or headwalls with wingwalls are required. Inlets are to be designed to minimize head losses. Approved erosion control is to be provided at all culvert outlets and inlets. Trash racks should be used for culverts greater than 100-feet in length. c. Slopes: Culvert slopes shall prevent silting, yet avoid excessive velocities. Generally, the minimum culvert slope is 0.50-percent. Minimum barrel velocity is 3-fps and maximum is 12-fps. d. Hydraulic Analysis: Inlet and outlet control conditions shall be analyzed. Calculations shall be submitted with the design report. e. Minimum Size: Culverts crossing a roadway shall not be smaller 54 than 24-inch equivalent diameter. Driveway approach culverts shall not be smaller than 15-inch equivalent diameter. Culvert length shall be adequate to provide back slopes of 4: 1 or less from pipe inverts to finished street section, including existing or future sidewalks. f. Materials: Culverts shall be RCP unless otherwise approved by the City. g. All culverts shall be designed to withstand HS-20 loading in accordance with American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) "Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges" and with the pipe manufacturers recommendation. 9. Utility Culverts a. Conduits placed in right-of-way to facilitate placement of future gas, electric, communication, or other utility lines shall have the structural strength to withstand HS-20 loading. Conduits shall have a minimum stiffness of 46 PSI. Conduits shall be adequately sized to accommodate all anticipated utility lines. HDPE utility culverts shall not be placed within any public right-of-way. D. ALIGNMENT, DEPTH. AND EASEMENTS 1. General: Water mains, sanitary sewers, and storm sewers within the proposed development shall be arranged to allow the suitable development of any adjoining un-developed land, and shall be constructed to the boundary lines of the tract being developed, unless prevented by topography or other physical conditions, in which case a variance must be approved by the City of Bozeman. The alignment of all water, sanitary sewer, and storm sewer mains and services lines shall be arranged so that there is a minimum of ten (10) feet of horizontal separation between these lines and with any gas lines, power lines, communication lines, utility poles or other above-grade utility structures, and street lights. 2. Water Mains: a. Water mains located in public street right-of-way shall be placed nineteen (19) feet off the north or west right-of-way lines for streets 35 feet in width or greater (back of curb to back of curb). For streets less than 35 feet in width, water mains shall be placed 5.5 feet west and north of the street centerline. On curvilinear street alignments, water mains will be a minimum of two (2) feet 55 3. from the edge of the concrete gutters at all locations. b. A minimum depth of cover of six and one-half (6 Yi) feet below final grade will be maintained over all water mains. c. When water mains cross sanitary or storm sewer mains, the water line must have an eighteen (18) inch minimum vertical separation, with all water pipe joints no closer than ten (10) feet horizontal from the sewer pipe centerline, and the crossing will be perpendicular to the sewer line. A minimum of ten (10) feet horizontal separation shall be maintained between any water main and any sanitary or storm sewer main. Sanitary Sewer Mains: a. Sanitary sewer mains located in public street right-of-way shall be placed along the centerline of the street for streets 3 5 feet in width or greater (back of curb to back of curb). For streets less that 3 5 feet in width, sewer mains shall be located 5.5 feet east and south of the street centerline. On curvilinear street alignments, sewer mains will be a minimum of two (2) feet from the edge of the concrete gutters at all locations. b. Sewer mains shall have a minimum depth of cover of four ( 4) feet below final grade. All sewer mains and services with less than five (5) feet of cover will be adequately insulated. c. Where streets are curvilinear, manholes should be located in the center of the street wherever possible, however non-centerline locations that are not in vehicle wheel paths are acceptable if it will reduce the total number of manholes required. 4. Storm Sewer Mains a. Storm sewer mains located in public street right-of-way shall typically be located on the opposite side of the street from the water main. Storm sewers may be located beneath curb and gutter if combination inlet/manholes are used. b. Storm sewer mains shall have a minimum depth of cover of two (2) feet below final grade, provided that the pipe material shall withstand the design load. Storm sewers shall be placed to maintain a minimum horizontal clearance of five ( 5) feet and a vertical clearance of six (6) inches from any sanitary sewer main. 56 c. Manholes shall not be located in vehicle wheel paths. 5. Easements: a. A "utility easement" granted to the public is required for all public utility mains not located within public street right-of-way. An easement shall be a minimum of thirty (30) feet wide for one or two utility mains. An additional ten (10) feet is required for each additional main that occupies the easement. Wider easements may be required at the discretion of the City of Bozeman for large utility lines. Easements not established by plat will be executed on standard forms available from the City Engineer. b. At no time will the utility line in question be less than nine (9) feet from the edge of the easement or less than ten (10) feet from a parallel utility line. Utility easements will also be required for all meter pits and fire hydrants maintained by the City of Bozeman. c. No permanent structures shall be placed within a utility easement unless an encroachment permit has been obtained. Trees or other significant landscaping features shall not be placed within ten (10) feet of any utility main or service lines. d. All easements documents must conform to City of Bozeman requirements and must meet the formatting requirements of the Gallatin County Clerk and Recorder's office. 57 APPENDIX City of Bozeman Fire Service Line Standard Certificate of Completion and Acceptance Figure A-1 Standard Roadway Typical Sections Figure A-2 Typical Stormwater Detention Pond Concrete Outlet Structure Sample Detention Basin Sizing Problem Pre-construction Meeting Checklist Plan and Specification Certified Checklist Cert(fied Checklist.for Testing and Documentation Requirements Random Sampling Example City of Bozeman Street Naming and Addressing Policy Bozeman Lighting and Electrical Specifications 58 CITY OF BOZEMAN FIRE SERVICE LINE STANDARD MARCH 31, 1997 Revised March 31, 2011 1. For all fire service lines (regardless of size) a City of Bozeman water service application must be completed prior to beginning work on the fire service line. Applications may be obtained at the City Building Department located at 20 E. Olive St.. 2. Plans for all fire service lines will be reviewed by the City of Bozeman. The review and subsequent approval or denial will be for that portion of the proposed fire service line that starts at the point of connection to the City of Bozeman distribution system up to and including the backflow preventer and the flow detection device. The plans will be reviewed by the city of Bozeman Water Department, Fire Marshall, and Engineering Department. Upon satisfactory completion of the review process, the plans will be forwarded to the City Engineer with a recommendation for approval. The City Engineer will review the plans and either approve or deny the project. Installation of the fire service will not begin until the plans have been approved by the City of Bozeman and a City of Bozeman water service application has been completed. For maintenance of the fire service line after City of Bozeman final acceptance refer to Item 16 of this Standard. The Owner shall be completely responsible for assuring the fire service line is properly/adequately sized to provide the flows necessary for the fire protection system being serviced by the proposed fire service line. 3. Plans for all proposed fire service lines shall be drawn to scale on 24" x 36" plan sheet(s) and shall include all essential details such as: a. Size and location of all water supplies. b. Size and location of all piping indicating, where possible, the class, type and depth of existing pipe, the class and type of new pipe to be installed, and the depth to which it will be buried. For proposed fire service liens 4" in diameter and larger the plans must include a profile drawing of the proposed fire service line from the point of connection at the existing main up to and including the system riser. The profile drawing must show the finished grade, depth of cover for the line, and if applicable, all other utilities which the fire service line will cross or be adjacent to. c. Size, type and location of valves. d. Classification of the system (See Attachment A). e. Sprinkler and standpipe riser to be supplied by the system. f. Location of fire department connections. g. Size of orifice necessary to achieve the flushing flows required under NFP A 24. 4. All fire service lines not installed by the City of Bozeman Water Department shall be designed, inspected and certified by a Professional Engineer. 1 5. Fire service lines 4" in diameter and larger shall be installed, tested, and disinfected by a single Contractor from the point of connection at the City water main ( or existing stub) to the first control valve (OS&Y) inside of the building. (Note Item 16 of this Standard for maintenance of the fire line.) 6. For all fire service lines 2" in diameter and smaller where no stub exists, a licensed contractor shall install the line from the main up to and including the first control valve (OS&Y) and double check valve inside the building. The Water Department shall tap the main at the owner's expense and inspect the line under line pressure before it is backfilled. A curb stop and box shall be installed at a point 8' past property line unless otherwise directed by the Water Superintendent. Installation of the fire service line will not begin until the plans for the project have received City of Bozeman approval and a City of Bozeman water service application has been completed. 7. The City of Bozeman will only accept fire service lines which are 1 ", 1 W', 2", 4", 6", or 8" in diameter, unless specifically approved by the Engineering and Water Departments. 8. When tapping tees are used for the fire service line connection to the main, the Contractor shall install the tapping tee and valve and the City of Bozeman shall make the actual tap to the main at the Owner's expense. The fire service line connection to the City water main without the use of a tapping tee will be made by the Contractor installing the appropriate sized tee in the water main. The Water Department will operate all valves for the shut down of the line to install the tee and must be provided with a minimum of 24 hours advance notice before work is scheduled to begin. The Contractor shall notify all affected water customers of the water shut down a minimum of 24 hours before the work begins. Temporary water service shall be provided to all affected water customers if the shut down period is anticipated to exceed four hours. The City of Bozeman reserves the right to determine the likely extent of the main shut down based on the proposed work and Contractor experience, and require the installation of temporary water services by the Contractor. 9. Material and installation of fire service lines shall comply with the following standards: a. Montana Public Works Standard Specifications, Fifth Edition, March 2003. b. City of Bozeman Modifications to the Montana Public Works Standard Specifications. c. City of Bozeman Standard Drawings 02660-13 and 02660-14. d. City of Bozeman Fire Service Line Standard. e. NFP A 24, Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances, (latest edition). 10. The City of Bozeman's requirements for the installation of double check valve assemblies and reduced pressure backflow prevention assemblies are as follows: a. The first fitting inside of the building shall be a UL listed flanged American Flow 2 Control, Kennedy or Mueller OS& Y valve the same size as the fire service line, for lines 4" and larger. For lines 2" and smaller, the first fitting inside the building shall be a NIBCO T-104-0 OS&Y valve. b. All double check valve assemblies and reduced pressure backflow prevention assemblies shall be: 1. UL or FM listed 2. Approved by the University of Southern California Foundation for Cross Connection Control and Hydraulic Research (USCFCCCHR) for operation in the proposed position (vertical or horizontal) as shown on the approved plans. 3. Installed as shown on the approved plans. c. A flow detection device shall be installed immediately following the double check valve assembly or the reduced pressure backflow prevention assembly (alarm check valve, flow/sensor alarm, meter, etc.) as shown on the approved plans. d. A double detector check valve assembly may be used with a standard City of Bozeman meter ( for Class I, II and III systems only). The meter loop of the double detector check valve shall have a double check valve assembly installed which meets the same installation criteria specified above in requirement b. e. Horizontal installations must be a minimum of 2 feet clear above the finished floor. f. The fire service riser must be a minimum of 2 feet clear from any outside wall. g. The incoming fire service line shall be a minimum of 6.5 feet and a maximum of 7.5 feet below the finished grade. h. All fire service lines appurtenances shall have a minimum pressure rating of 175 p.S.1. 1. All fire service lines 4" ands larger shall be Class 51 ductile iron pipe. J. Line Sizing: The double check valve assembly or reduced pressure backflow prevention assembly shall be equal in size to the outgoing pipe diameter ( downstream). 11. Prior the City of Bozeman's initial acceptance of the new fire service line ( 4" in diameter and larger) the line must be disinfected in accordance with Montana Public Works Specifications and City of Bozeman requirements. Flushing and pressure testing of the line shall be done in accordance with NFPA 24. Two (2) copies of the bacteriological tests results are to be submitted to the City Engineering Department, who will forward a 3 copy to the City Water Department. 12. Prior the City ofBozeman's initial acceptance of the new fire service line (4" in diameter and larger) the "Contractor's Material and Test Certificate for Underground Piping" (See Attachment B) must be completed and two (2) copies submitted to the City Engineering Department, who will forward a copy to the City Water Department. 13. Prior to the City of Bozeman's initial acceptance and activation of the fire service line (i.e., putting the line into service) a final inspection will be conducted by the City of Bozeman Water Superintendent, or his designated representative, to confirm that the installation is in accordance with the approved application and the approved plans. A Certificate of Inspection (see Attachment C) will be completed by the Water Superintendent, or his designated representative, upon completion of the final inspection, with copies of the Owner, Contractor, and Engineering Department. Installations that are in conformance with the approved plans for the project and have passed all required tests (see sections 11 and 12) will be initially accepted by the City of Bozeman as noted on the Certificate of Inspection. Installations that are not in conformance with the approved plans for the project will not be initially accepted by the City of Bozeman and the line will not be activated (i.e., placed in service) until the installation is in conformance with the approved plans and all required tests have been taken and passed. 14. The required two-year warranty period for the fire service line begins on the date of initial acceptance as noted on the Certificate of Inspection completed by the City of Bozeman Water Department. 15. Upon the City's initial acceptance (see Section 13) of the fire service line, the following must be submitted by the Project/Design Engineer to the City Engineer within thirty (30) days: a. Two (2) sets of accurate blue line record drawings signed by the Engineer. b. A letter of certification from the project Engineer stating that the fire service line was installed in accordance with the approved plans. The City of Bozeman' s final acceptance of the fire service line will be based on the letter of certification, record drawings, and correction of any deficiencies noted during the two-year warranty period. 16. Following the expiration of the two-year warranty period, the City of Bozeman will maintain, at its expense, the fire service line from the main up to the curb stop or curb valve, or to the property line or easement line, whichever is more. Any maintenance or repairs to the fire service line or its appurtenances beyond the point of City of Bozeman responsibility specified above shall be by a licensed contractor at the 4 Owner's expense. The building owner shall also be responsible for maintenance, repairs, and testing of all fire service line piping and appurtenances beyond the first control valve (OS&Y) inside the building. 17. The building owner may operate the first control valve (OS&Y) inside of the building when necessary for maintenance or repairs. When the first control valve (OS&Y) inside of the building is shut off for any reason, the City of Bozeman Fire Department must be notified immediately and informed of the shut down date, time and duration. The building owner is completely responsible to ensure that this valve remains open at all times (except for maintenance or repairs) for the proper operation of the buildings fire protection system. 18. Use of the fire service line shall be restricted to fire fighting use, emergency use and approved auxiliary (e.g., closed loop heating/cooling systems) including routine testing and flushing. Combined use lines (i.e., domestic and fire) are not acceptable for all buildings except single-family residences (SFRs). Separate service lines must be installed for individual domestic and fire services, except for SFRs. Fire sprinkler systems for SFRs may connect to the domestic supply inside the residence. Such connection must be made downstream of the backflow preventer. The backflow preventer must be a testable backflow preventer approved by the City of Bozeman's Backflow Prevention Specialist. 19. Bonding Requirements. The Owner shall require the Contractor to furnish Performance and Payment Bonds in favor of the Owner in an amount equal to one-hundred percent (100%) of the Agreement amount. The bonds shall be signed by a surety company authorized to do business in the State of Montana, and acceptable as a surety to the Owner and countersigned by a Montana Resident Agent. The bonds shall be filed with the Owner and the City of Bozeman and shall include a copy of Power of Attorney certified to include the date of the bonds. 20. Insurance Requirements. The Owner shall require the Contractor to secure and maintain such insurance from and insurance company ( or companies) authorized to write insurance in the State of Montana, with a minimum "A.M. Best Rating" of B+, VI, as will protect himself, his subcontractors, the Owner, and the City of Bozeman and their respective agents and employees from claims for bodily injury, death, or property damage which may arise from operations and completed operations under the Agreement. The types and limits of coverage shall comply with the current edition of "Montana Public Works Standard Specifications". The Owner shall not authorize, nor shall the Contractor commence work under the Agreement until such insurance has been obtained and certificates of insurance, with binders, or certified copies of the insurance policy, have been filed with the Owner and the City of Bozeman. 5 All insurance coverages shall remain in effect throughout the life of the Agreement, except that the Contractor shall maintain the Commercial General Liability coverage for a period of at least one year following the substantial completion date for property damage resulting from occurrences during the Agreement period. Each insurance policy shall contain a clause providing that it will not be cancelled by the insurance company without 30 days written notice to the Owner, and the City of Bozeman, of intention to cancel. 21. Warranty Period. If, within two years after initial acceptance of the work by the City of Bozeman, any of the work is found to be defective or not in accordance with the Contact Documents, and upon written notice from the City of Bozeman, the Owner shall cause the Contractor to correct any work within seven (7) calendar days of said written notice. Should the Owner or Contractor fail to the written notice within the designated time, the city of Bozeman may correct the work at the expense of the Owner/Contractor. 6 ATTACHMENT A Backflow Prevention and System Classification The City of Bozeman requires that the plans for the proposed fire service line include a description of the system including the "Class" of the system and the backflow prevention to be installed with the system. This Attachment provides standards for determining the Class of the proposed system and the required backflow protection to accompany the specific system. The standards in this Attachment are based on recommendations in American Water Works Association Manual M14, Recommended Practice for Badiflow Prevention and Cross- Connection Control, and City of Bozeman requirements. 7 Classification for Backflow Protection Class 1. Direct connections from public water mains only; no pumps, tanks, or reservoirs; no physical connection from other water supplies; no antifreeze or other additives of any kind; all sprinkler drains discharging to atmosphere, dry wells or other safe outlets. Class 2. Same as Class 1 except that booster pumps may be installed in the building after the first interior control valve (OS&Y). Class 3. Direct connection from public water supply mains, plus one or more of the following: elevated storage tanks, fire pumps taking suction from aboveground covered reservoir or tanks; and pressure tanks. (All storage facilities are filled or connected to public water only, the water in the tanks is to be maintained in a potable condition. Otherwise, Class 3 systems are the same as Class 1.) Class 4. Directly supplied from public mains, similar to Class 1 and Class 2, with an auxiliary water supply dedicated to fire department use and available to the premises, such as an auxiliary supply located within 1700 feet of the pumper connection. Class 5. Directly supplied from public mains and interconnected with auxiliary supplies, such as pumps taking suction from reservoirs exposed to contamination, or rivers and ponds; driven wells; mills or other industrial water systems; or where antifreeze or other additives are used. Class 6. Combined industrial and fire protection systems supplied from the public water mains only, with or without gravity storage or pump suction tanks. Required Protection All systems regardless of Class require a means of flow detection which must be approved by the City of Bozeman. Class 1. Minimum backflow protection requirement for a Class 1 system is an approved testable double check valve assembly to prevent water from backflowing into the public potable water system. The double check valve assembly should be the same size as the fire service line to the building and installed immediately following the first interior OS& Y control valve as shown on the approved plans. (Refer to City of Bozeman Standard Drawing 02660-13 for specific requirements.) Exception: Special conditions may exist on the site of Class 1 fire systems such that actual or potential contamination hazards are presented to the domestic water supply. Under these conditions an approved reduced pressure baclcflow prevention assembly, or an appropriately sized air gap, may be warranted and/or required by the City of Bozeman. Class 2. Minimum backflow protection requirement for a Class 2 system is an approved 1 testable double check valve assembly to prevent water from backflowing into the public potable water system. The double check valve assembly should be the same size as the fire service line to the building and installed immediately following the first interior OS& Y control valve as shown on the approved plans. (Refer to City of Bozeman Standard Drawing 02660-13 for specific requirements.) Exception: Special conditions may exist on the site of Class 2 fire systems such that actual or potential contamination hazards are presented to the domestic water supply. Under these conditions an approved reduced pressure badiflow prevention assembly, or an appropriately sized air gap, may be warranted and/or required by the City of Bozeman. Class 3. Minimum backflow protection requirement for a Class 3 system is an approved testable double check valve assembly to prevent water from backflowing into the public potable water system. The double check valve assembly should be the same size as the fire service line to the building and installed immediately following the first interior OS& Y control valve as shown on the approved plan. (Refer to city of Bozeman Standard Drawing 02660-13 for specific requirements.) Exception: Special conditions may exist on the site of Class 3 fire systems such that actual or potential contamination hazards are presented to the domestic water supply. Under these conditions an approved reduced pressure badiflow prevention assembly, or an appropriately sized air gap, may be warranted and/or required by the City of Bozeman. Class 4. The type ofbackflow protection for Class 4 systems will depend on the quality of the auxiliary supply. The type ofbackflow protection will be one of the following approved by the City of Bozeman: air gap or reduced-pressure backflow-prevention assembly. Reduced- pressure backflow-prevention assemblies should be the same size as the fire service line to the building and installed immediately following the first interior OS& Y control valve as shown on the approved plans. (Refer to city of Bozeman Standard Drawing 02660-14 for specific requirements.) Class 5. The type of backflow protection for Class 5 systems will be either a reduced- pressure backflow'...prevention assembly or an air gap. Reduced-pressure backflow-prevention assemblies should be the same size as the fire service line to the building and installed immediately following the first interior OS& Y control valve as shown on the approved plans. (Refer to City of Bozeman Standard Drawing 02660-14 for specific requirements.) Class 6. Class 6 system protection would depend on the requirements of both industry and fire protection and could only be determined by a survey of the premises. 2 ATTACHMENT B Contractor's Material and Test Certificate for Underground Piping 3 24-18 INSTALlATION OF PRIVATE FIRE SERVICE MAINS AND THEIR APPURTENANCES Contractor's Material and Test Certificate for Underground Piping PROCEDURE Upon completion of work, inspection and tests shall be made by the contractor's representative and witnessed by an owner's representative. All defects shall be corrected and system left in service before contractor's personnel finally leave the job. A certificate shall be filled out and signed by both representatives. Coples shall be prepared for approving authorities, owners, and contractor. It is understood the owner's representative's signature in no way prejudices any claim against contractor for faulty material, poor workmanship, or failure to comply with aporovlna authority's requirements or local ordinances. Property name I Date Property address Accepted by approving authorities (names) Address P!an~ Installation conforms to accepted plans U Yes U No Equipment used Is approved 0 Yes 0 No If no, state deviations Has person in charge of fire equipment been instructed as to location of 0 Yes 0 No control valves and care and maintenance of this new equipment? If no, explain Instructions Have copies of appropriate instructions and care and maintenance 0 Yes 0 No charts been left on premises? If no, explain Location Supplies buildings Pipe types and class 1 Type joint Pipe conforms to standard 0 Yes 0 No Underground Fittings conform to standard 0 Yes 0 No pipes and joints If no, explain Joints needing anchorage clamped, strapped, or blocked in 0 Yes 0 No accordance with standard If no, explain Flushing: Flow the required rate unlll water Is clear as indicated by no collecllon of foreign material in burlap bags at outlets such as hydrants and blow-offs. Flush al one of the llow rates as spec)Oed In 10.10.2.1.3. Hydrostatic: All piping and attache(f appurtenances subjected to system working pressure shall be hydrostatically tested at 200 psi (1 3.8 bar) or 50 psi (3.5 bar) In excess of the system working pressure, whichever Is greater, and shall maintain that pressure ±5 psi (0.35 bar) for 2 hours. Test Hydrostatic Testing Allowance: Where additional water is added to the system to maintain the test pressures required by 10.10.2.2.1, description the amount of water shall be measured and shall not exceed the limits of the following equation (for metric equation, see 10.10.2.2.6): L= soffe L = testing allowance (makeup water), in gallons per hour S = length of pipe tested, in feet 148,000 D = nominal diameter of the pipe, In inches P = average test pressure during the hydrostatic test, in pounds per square inch (gauge) New undargrou~lplng tlushed according to N'..PP,4 -2 standard by (company) 0 Yes 0 No If no, explain How flushing flow was obtained Flushing 0 Public water 0 Tank or reservoir 0 Fire pump I Through what type opening 0 Hydrant butt 0 Open pipe tests Lead-ins flushed according to standard by (company) 0 Yes 0 No If no, explain How !lushing flow was obtained I Through what type opening 0 Public water 0 Tank or reservoir 0 Fire pump 0 Y connection to flange 0 Open pipe and spigot © 2012 National Fire Protection Association NFPA 24 (p. 1 of 2) <.. FIGURE 10.10.1 Sam le of Contractor's Material and Test Certificate for Unde p ound Pi in rgr p g ~ 2013 Edition UNDERGROUND PIPING 24-19 All new underground piping hydrostatlcally tested at Joints covered Hydrostatic Q Yes Q No test psi for hours Total amount of leakage measured Leakage gallons hours test Allowable leakage gallons hours Forward flow Foward llow tes, ,-w .. w with 10.10.2.5.2: test ol backllow Q Yes 0 No preventer Number installed I Type and make I All operate satisfactorily Hydrants Q Yes a No Water control valves left wide open 0 Yes a No If no, state reason Control valves Hose lhreads of fire deparlment connections and hydrants interchangeable wilh Q Yes Q No those ol fire department answering alarm Date left in service Remarks Name of installing contractor ' Tests witnessed by Signatures For property owner (signed) Title Date I I For inslalling contractor (signed) Title Date I 1 Additional explanalion and notes © 2012 National Fire Protection Association NFPA 24 (p. 2 of 2) ~ FIGURE 10.10.1 Continued 2013 Edition rn - ATTACHMENT C Certificate of Inspection 4 Date: CERTIFICATE OF INSPECTION FOR FIRE SERVICE LINE INSTALLATION Time: ----------------------------- City of Bozeman Water Department Inspector: ________________ _ This is the 1st 2nd 3rd inspection of this installation. Fire Service Line Installed For: Owner of Building: -------------------------0 wn er' s Address: --------------------------0 wn er' s Phone: __________ Building Phone: _________ _ Building Address: ________________________ _ Building Name: __________________________ _ Fire Service Line Installed By: Name of Contractor: -------------------------Contractor's Address: ------------------------Contractor's Phone: -------------------------Person to Contact: -------------------------- The following were present during this inspection: The fire service line is installed in accordance with City of Bozeman requirements for the project: YES NO Bacteriological Tests have been completed and passed: YES NO The "Contractor's Material & Test Certificate for Underground Piping" has been completed and submitted to the City Engineer (i.e. pressure tests have been conducted and passed): YES NO If the answer to all the above items is "YES" then the City of Bozeman initially accepts the fire service line and the two year warranty period begins on the date of this inspection. Page 1 of 2 5 The fire service line was activated (placed into service) during this inspection: YES NO (If "NO" indicate below the reason and the date it is to be activated.) The first interior valve (OS&Y) was left in the completion of this inspection. OPEN CLOSED position at the OWNER NOTE: When the first control valve (OS& Y) inside of the building is shut off for any reason, the City of Bozeman Fire Department must be notified immediately and informed of the shut down date, time, and duration. Comments: ------------------------------- cc: Owner Contractor City Engineer's Office Page 2 of2 6 7 CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION AND ACCEPTANCE OWNER: ___________ PROJECT TITLE: ________ _ DATE OF ACCEPTANCE: PROJECT NO.: _____ _ PROJECT DESCRIPTION:-------------------- PROJECT LOCATION: CONTRACTOR: ______________________ _ ENGINEER: _______________________ _ Substantial Completion Date: ______ Two-year warranty expiration date: __ _ The Work performed under the Contract for the above Project has been inspected by a representative of the Owner, Contractor, City of Bozeman, and Engineer and has been found to substantially comply with the approved Contract Documents and is hereby declared complete. Acceptance by the Owner and City of Bozeman and recommendation thereto by the Engineer does not affect the "Contractor's Continuing Obligation" as described in Article 14.15 of the Standard General Conditions of the Construction Contract, or the Owner's contractual obligations. Maintenance Bond with City of Bozeman named as dual obligee is attached. ENGINEER'S RECOMMENDATION On the basis of observation of the Work during construction, final inspection and review of project testing, final application for payment and accompanying documents, the Engineer is satisfied and hereby certifies that the Work has been completed in accordance with the approved Contract Documents. This acceptance shall not relieve the Contractor of his obligations under the Contract Documents. By: _________________ _ Engineer Printed Name: --------------P.E. # ____ _ Date CONTRACTOR'S CONCURRENCE WITH ENGINEER'S RECOMMENDATION By: __________________ _ Contractor Printed Name: ---------------Title: __________________ _ Date: -------------------- OWNER'S ACCEPTANCE AND GRANT OF POSSESSION On the basis of independent observations and inspections and the recommendations of the Engineer, the Owner accepts the Project as complete. This acceptance does not relieve the Contractor of continuing obligations as described above. The Contractor is reminded this Project is under warranty beginning and that bonds shall remain in effect for two years after the Date of Acceptance specified above. The Owner hereby grants possession of all public infrastructure improvements completed by this Project to the City of Bozeman and warrants against defects in these improvements for a period of two years from the Date of Acceptance specified above. Owner CITY OF BOZEMAN'S ACCEPTANCE By:-------------- Printed Name: ----------- Title: --------------- Date: --------------- The City of Bozeman hereby accepts possession of all public infrastructure improvements, subject to the above indicated warranty. This acceptance does not relieve the Owner or Contractor of his continuing obligations for this work as described above or otherwise required through Improvement Agreements, conditions of plat approval, or his other contractual commitments. ~C .... it...,.y_o~f~B~oz=e~m=an~------------By: _______________ _ Title: --------------- Date: --------------- 2 0 -j -< 0 '1 rn 0 N f"Tl ~ '1 )> C) zc 0 ::::0 f"Tl [""Tl (J) -)> ~I ____. (J) .. ~ -l z -< ou )> - ::::0 0 0 )> (J) ' R> ::::0 0 (J) )> --uO f"Tl ~ 0 )> '1 -< 0 )> U) -j [""Tl on z -l (J) -0 uz 0 U) I 0 -< Y------------------1·-----------------; .If 30·------+----- 1·7"' A= 5'~ARIES' V 1 30' rlDEWALK 1 BLVD. 1 VARIES T VARIES t 2% -e::- LOCAL STREET STANDARD 45' 1 '7"' tc 5'~VARIES L, VARIES !DEW BLVD.1 ----c:::- PLANT MIX ASPHALT SURFACING, 3" MIN. DEPTH CRUSHED GRAVEL BASE COURSE, 6" MIN. DEPTH SUB-BASE COURSE AS REQUIRED 96· f 45' VARIES -c::::}--2% k: 1 VARIES 5' 1' BLVD. DEWAL ::.f-to~ 2% -----c:::,.. __.., I ~% -\I \I -~% ___,_,_ ~Mt<=)--<:}-2% COMPACTED SUB-GRADE CO LLECTOR STREET STANDARD PLANT MIX ASPHALT SURFACING, 4" MIN. DEPTH (2 LIFTS). CRUSHED GRAVEL BASE COURSE, 6" MIN. DEPTH SUB-BASE COURSE AS REQUIRED ---------------------------00-1120''---------------------------- ,f---------1-. ----------50' -60' 50' -60' --------------------.1' VARIES VARIES I . I . I . 1 •-:;j" ,,f: 6'~VARJES 7f t VARIES~ 6'~k-1' BLVD. FIDEWAL1 rlDEWALK 1 BLVD. 1 <.·7 '11'~ 2% -----c:::,.. -<:}-2% ...,.'\ ~l>t-1 -le. ., ~~'/. ,\,INTEGRAL CURB & GUTTER COMPACTED SUB-GRADE ARTERIAL STREET STANDARD PLANT MIX ASPHALT SURFACING, 4" MIN. DEPTH (2 LIFTS). CRUSHED GRAVEL BASE COURSE, 6" MIN. DEPTH SUB-BASE COURSE AS REQUIRED NOTE: PAVEMENT AND BASE COURSE THICKNESS SHALL BE DETERMINED BY THE DESIGN ENGINEER BASED ON SITE SOIL CONDITIONS AND AT LEAST THE 20 YEAR PERFORMANCE PERIOD TRAFFIC VOLUME. NOTE: THE SPECIFIC RIGHT-OF-WAY AND BACK OF CURB STREET WIDTH WILL BE DETERMINED ON A CASE BY CASE BASIS THROUGH THE SUBDIVISION REVIEW PROCESS. 4;7 (REF. SLOT SIZE AS REQUIRED) INLET OPENING WITH GRATE- SIZE AS REQUIRED. BOTIOM OF POND ELEV.~ T 24" ·sLOTIED MANHOLE / COVER· WITH RING L TOP OF POND ELEV. -., / SET INVERT AT BOTIOM OF POND ELEV. -., .-... -1 .. -~=· ======-----t ]1--- TEE SET VERTICAL SLOT -SIZE AS REQUIRED CITY OF BOZEMAN DESIGN STANDARDS SCALE: NONE 44" TYP . SIDE VIEW /(REF. OUTLET PIPE) ~t---t-~--i / ., TOP VIEW TYPICAL CONCRETE OUTLET STRUCTURE FOR STORMWATER DETENTION PONDS FIG. A-2 MAY 2001 SIZING DETENTION BASINS -SAMPLE PROBLEM (Rational Method) Given: Existing Land Use: Proposed Land Use: Drainage Area: Slope: Overland Travel Distance to Channel: Channel Time: Max. Basin Water Depth Allowable: Problem: Agricultural Industrial 5 Acres 1% 120 feet 4 minutes 1 foot Size a detention basin to control runoff to pre-development levels and to remove sediment ( 40 micron particle). Solution: Existing Situation Land Use: Area: C= Time of Concentration: Design Storm Frequency: Intensity at Tc: Peak Runoff Rate: Future Situation Land Use: Area: C= Time of Concentration: Design Storm Frequency: Detention Basin Sizing Design Release Rate: 1 Agricultural 5 Acres 0.20 (Table I-1) 16 minutes (Figure I-1) + 4 minutes = 20 minutes 10 year (Table I-3) (Based on Future use Design Frequency) 1.3071 in/hr (Figure I-3) (0.20) (1.3071) (5) = 1.31 cfs Industrial 5 Acres 0.80 (Table I-1) 6 minutes (Figure I-1) + 4 minutes = 10 minutes 10 year (Table I-3) 1.31 cfs MINIMUM VOLUME Storm Duration Intensity Future Runoff Rate Runoff Release Required (Minutes) (in/hr) (Q = CiA) (cfs) Volume (cf) Volume (cf) Storage ( cf) 25 1.1306 4.52 6780 1965 4815 27 1.0755 4.30 6966 2122 4844 29 1.0266 4.11 7175 2279 4872 31 0.9831 3.93 7310 2437 4873 33 0.9439 3.78 7484 2594 4890* 35 0.9085 3.63 7623 2751 4872 * Minimum Volume Required-4890 cf Note: 1. If controlling volume falls at a storm duration less than the future time of concentration, use the volume at the time of concentration. 2. Based on Minimum Volume and using 1 foot depth, Surface Area= 4890 sf. MINIMUM AREA Assumptions: 1. Non-flocculant particles. 2. Settling velocity of 40 micron particles = 0.0069 ft/sec. Design Release Rate: 1.31 cfs Minimum Area Required: 1.31 cfs -:-0.0069 ft/sec= 190 sf (Since 4890 > 190 sf, use 4890 sf) BASIN SIZING Water Depth: Surface Area: Volume: Length: Width: 1 foot 4890 sf 4890 cf 123 ft. 40 ft. 2 PRECONSTRUCTION MEETING CRITERIA CHECKLIST PROJECT NAME: PROJECT TYPE: (water, sanitary sewer, storm sewer, streets) OWNER/DEVELOPER: ENGINEER: CONTRACTOR: PRECONSTRUCTION CONFERENCE SUBMITTALS CHECKLIST REQUIRED SUBMITTAL REQUIRED DATE REC. COMMENTS Approved Plans & Specifications: DEQ Approval COB Approval Executed Easements Abandoned Easements Shop/Fabrication Drawings•• (submit two days before precon. mtg.) Traffic Control Plan (submit one week before precon. mtg.) Electronic Plans on CD (.dwg or .PDF) (submit two days before precon.mtg.) Copy of Contractor's Bonds Bonds shall be in effect until 2 yrs after the date of final completion and acceptance by the City. Copy of Contractor's Insurance PERMITS: Dewatering Discharge Permit (MDHES) • 310 Permit (SCS/FWP) * 404 Permit (Corps) • Stormwater Control Permit (MDHES) • Street Cut Permit (COB/County) • Utility Occupancy Permit (MOOT/County) • Flood Plain (COB) • PRECONSTRUCTION MEETING DATE: (Will not be scheduled until all above applicable submittals are received.) •• Note: Shop/Fabrication Drawings shall bear Engineer's approval when submitted. • Note: To be determined by design engineer. CITY OF BOZEMAN PLAN AND SPECIFICATION CERTIFIED CHECKLIST Project Name: Engineer: Reports Received: 0Utilities Design Report 0Traffic Impact Analysis 0Stormwater Facilities Design CHECKLIST SUBMITTAL INSTRUCTIONS This checklist may be used in lieu of a complete department review when the conditions listed below are met. The department reviews all certified checklists for completeness and accuracy and must approve all deviation requests. Deviation requests will result in slower tum-around by the department. Construction may not begin until approval of the certified checklist is granted by the department, and a preconstruction meeting is held. Department approval will be issued in a letter to the design engineer submitting the plans and specifications. All sections of the certified checklist must be completed. The answer yes may be checked when all the requirements of the section being addressed are satisfied. Where a yes answer cannot be given, a deviation must be requested or the applicant must explain why that section of the standard is not applicable. All deviation requests must be justified by the design engineer and supported with appropriate documentation. All infrastructure certified checklists must be signed and stamped by the professional engineer responsible for the design of the project. In addition, four sets of plans and specifications signed and stamped by a professional engineer must be included. The plans and specifications for the above referenced project are m compliance with the following sections of the City of Bozeman Design Standards. PRELIMINARY REQUIREMENTS 1. Project approval obtained from City Commission 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2. All conditions of project approval have been addressed 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 1 I. CONSTRUCTION PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS REQUIREMENTS A. General Requirements 1. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: --4. D Yes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 6. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 7. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 8. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 9. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: B. Specification Requirements I. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: C. Drawing Scales I. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: D. Plan Requirements I. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: E. Utility Plan Requirements I.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: l.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: 2 ONA Explain: I.e. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: l.d. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: F. Roadway Plan Requirements I. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: II. DRAINAGE POLICY A. General Design Criteria I. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3.c. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3.d 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3.e. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3.f. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: B. Storm Drainage Plan I. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3 4. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5.a. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5.b. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5.c. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 6. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: C. Storageffreatment Facilities I. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.a. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.b. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.c. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.d. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.e. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: D. Discharge Structures I. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3.a. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3.b. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3.c. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4 E. Estimation of Runoff I.a. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: l.b. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: l.c. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 6 DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: III. FLOODPLAIN REGULATIONS A. General DYes 0 Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: IV. ROADWAY DESIGN AND TECHNICAL CRITERIA A. General DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: B. Sidewalks, curbs and gutters and driveways I. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes 0 Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 6. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 7. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5 8. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: C. Drainage 1. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2.c. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5.c. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: D. Horizontal Alignment 1. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 6. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 7. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 8. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 9. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: E. Vertical Alignment 6 I. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.a. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.b. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.c. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.d. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 6. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 7. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 8. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: F. Median Treatment DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: G. Roadway Specifications DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: H. Signs and Markings I. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3.a DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3.b DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3.c DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3.d DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 7 3.e 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: I. Monumentation I. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: J. Lighting I. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: K. Bike Lanes/Paths 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: v. UTILITY DESIGN CRITERIA A. Water Distribution Lines I. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 6.a 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 6.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 6.c. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 6.d. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 6.e. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 6.f. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 6.g. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 8 6.h. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 7.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 7.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 7.c. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 7.d. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 8. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 9. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 10. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 11. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: B. Sanitary Sewer System Design Criteria I. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 6. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 7. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 8. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 9. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 10. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 11. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 9 12. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 13 . DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: C. Storm Sewers 1. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 2. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 3. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.a. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.b. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.c. DYes 0 Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 4.d. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 5. DYes 0 Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 6.a. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 6.b. DYes 0 Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 6.c. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 7.a. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 7.b. D Yes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 8.a. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 8.b. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 8.c. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 8.d. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 8.e. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: 10 8.f 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 8.g. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 9.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: D. Alignment, Depth, and Easements l. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 2.c. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 3.c. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 4.c. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5.a. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5.b. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5.c. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: 5.d. 0Yes 0 Deviation Requested: ONA Explain: Certified By: --------------Date:---------- (Signature of Professional Engineer) Montana P.E. Number:---------- 11 CERTIFIED CHECKLIST FOR TESTING & DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS FOR INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENTS All sections of the certified checklist must be completed. The answer~ may be checked when all the requirements of the section being addressed are satisfied. Where a yes answer cannot be given, a deviation must be requested or the applicant must explain why that section of the standard is not applicable. All deviation requests must be justified by the design engineer and supported with appropriate documentation. All infrastructure certified checklists must be signed and stamped by a professional engineer licensed in the state of Montana. A. r-, •• D Deviation Requested: LJ Yes DNA Explain: B. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: C. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: D. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: E. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: F. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: G. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: H. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: I. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: J. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: K. DYes D Deviation Requested: DNA Explain: Certified By: --------------Date: _________ _ (Signature of Professional Engineer) Montana P.E. Number: _________ _ 13 SAMPLING MA TERJALS BY RANDOM NUMBER SAMPLING 1. SCOPE -This method provides a procedure, in the form of several examples, for selecting samples on an approximately random basis using a system of random numbers. To accomplish this selection, choose the random sample so that each unit of material (i.e., cubic yard, square yard, ton, etc.) has the same probability of being selected. Divide each material sampled into lots, and establish a frequency of sampling. 2. PROCEDURE - 2.1. Random numbers can be generated by some calculators by planting a seed number such as date, time of day, etc., expressed as a decimal between O and 1. Included in this method are two tables of random numbers for use. Enter the table in a random method, such as a blind placement of a pencil. After choosing the first random number in this manner, choose consecutive numbers, following a column (or row), until the entire table has been used. At that time, repeat the initial process of random entry into the table of numbers. This method will reduce the possibility of using a value from the table more than once. 2.2. Following are examples related to particular phases of highway construction: 2.2.1. EXAMPLE NO. 1 In this example, select station numbers for density coring of a 0.75-in. nominal- maximum mixture. Specifications require four density cores for each 1 000 tons of mixture placed. The sublot size is 1000 tons with a frequency of four cores per sublot. The sublot of mixture in question will be placed on a 12-ft.-wide lane that is 4545 ft. long. The lift thickness of the 0.75-in. nominal-maximum mixture is 3.0 in. The job starts at Station No. 0+00. Since four density cores are required for the entire 4545-ft. length, obtain one core for each 1136.25 ft. of pavement. Use the following steps to determine the station number and offset for each density core: 2.2.1.1. 2.2.1.2. Refer to the random number table (seep. 5 for example). Enter the table at any point. Select four consecutive numbers from the random number table. Use these numbers for finding the station number of the core site in each 1136.25-ft. section. Multiply each random number by 1136.25 to determine the station number at which to obtain the density core. After detennining the KM 64-113-01 1 SAMPLE NO. 1 2 3 4 SAMPLE NO. 1 2 3 4 location of the first core, for each of the remarnmg cores, add increments of 1136.25 ft., increasing with each core, to provide locations throughout the entire sublot length. RANDOM NUMBER CALCULATION 0.420 X 1136.25 = 477.23 + 0.00 = 477 0.859 X 1136.25 = 976.04 + 1136.25* = 2112 0.011 X 1136.25 = 12.50 + 2272.50 = 2285 0.762 X 1136.25 = 865.82 + 3408.75 = 4275 STATION NUMBER 4+77 21 + 12 22 + 85 42 +75 * 1136.25-ft. increments, as determined by the sublot length, provide resultant numbers throughout the entire subiot iength. According to Subsection 402.03 .02 of the Standard Specifications, obtain cores no closer than three inches from the pavement edge or joint. To select the transverse distance from the pavement edge (left or right), select four additional consecutive numbers from the random number table (see p. 5 for example), and multiply each random number by 11.5 (12-ft. lane width minus the 0.25-ft. offset from each side). For this example, calculate the distance from 0.25 ft. inside of the right edge of the pavement. RANDOM NO. CALCULATION 0.062 X 11.5 + 0.25 = 0.100 X 11.5 + 0.25 = 0.409 X 11.5 + 0.25 = 0.784 X 11.5 + 0.25 = OFFSET FROM RIGHT EDGE 1.0 ft. 1.4 ft. 5.0 ft. 9.3 ft. Therefore, from the calculations above, conform to the coring schedule given below for this sublot: SAMPLE NO. 1 STATION NUMBER 4+77 OFFSET FROM RIGHT EDGE 1.0 ft. 2 3 4 21 + 12 22 + 85 42+75 1.4 ft. 5.0 ft. 9.3 ft. With respect to this example, in other cases, the paving length and width will vary, but use the same procedure for obtaining random locations. KM 64-113~01 2 2.2.2. EXAMPLE NO. 2 In this example, select trucks to sample for running air content, slump, and concrete cylinders on Class AA Concrete for a bridge deck pour. The pour will consist of 250 cubic yards of concrete. The trucks will be hauling 10 cubic yards each. The testing frequency is one test for each 50 cubic yards; therefore, perform five tests. There will be at least five tests required. Use the following steps to select the trucks to sample: 2.2 . .2.1. 2.2.2.2. Refer to the random number table (seep. 5 for example). Seiect five cun~ecutive numbers from the random number table. Use these numbers to determine which trucks to sample. Multiply each number by 50 (a lot size of 50 cubic yards), and divide the answer by 10 ( cubic yards per truck) to determine which trucks to sample. SAMPLE RANDOM CALCULATED TRUCK NUMBER NUMBER VOLUME (cubic yards) SAMPLED 1 2 3 4 5 0.007 X 50 = 0.35 + 0 = 0.35 '!?10=0.04* 1st 0.922 X 50 = 46.1 + 50** = 96.1 ? 10 = 9.6 10th 0.729 X 50 = 36.5 + 100 = 136.5? 10 = 13.7 14th 0.949 X 50 = 47.5 + 150 = 197.5? 10 = 19.8 20th 0.606 X 50 = 30.3 + 200 = 230.3 ? 10 = 23.03 24th *When this answer contains a decimal, always round upward to the next highest whole number to determine the truck number. **Add increments of 50 cubic yards (lot size), increasing with each sample, in order to provide sampling throughout the full 250 cubic yards. 2.2.3. EXAMPLE NO. 3 In this example, select the accumulated tonnage of Crushed Stone Base for gradation testing. The frequency for gradation testing of aggregate bases is one test per 2000 tons of material. Plan quantities show 10,000 tons of Crushed Stone Base exist on this project. This quantity will require five gradation tests. Again, select five consecutive random numbers from the random number table (see p. 5 for example). Use these numbers to determine the accumulated tonnage at which to select the sample. KM 64-113-01 3 SAMPLE NUMBER 1 2 3 4 5 Multiply each number by 2000 to determine the accumulated tonnage for sampling. Add increments of 2000 tons (lot size), increasing with each sample, in order to provide sampling throughout the full 10,000 tons. · RANDOM NUMBER CALCULATION 0.658 X 2000 = 1316 + 0 = 0.747 X 2000 = 1494 + 2000 = 0.270 X 2000 = 540 + 4000 = 0.715 X 2000 = 1430 + 6000 = 0.418 X 2000 = 836 + 8000 = ACCUMULATED TONNAGE 1316 3494 4540 7430 8836 Obtain samples as near the above-listed accumulated tonnages as possible. 2.3. The system of selecting random samples can be related to periods of time, number of pieces, tons, etc. The key to randomness, using this method, relies heavily on the manner of entering the table. Do not use the same set of numbers repeatedly. KM 64-113-01 4 kmll3.doc .600 .504 .248 .116 .227 .802 .098 .726 .507 .147 .867 .802 .644 .067 .001 .310 .531 .520 .493 .235 .886 .788 .272 .484 .652 .523 .317 .816 .045 .423 .086 .585 .177 .689 .755 .027 .117 .029 .309 .700 .989 .980 .321 .431 .370 .515 .775 .759 .543 .575 .633 .629 .502 .503 .221 .882 .206 .751 .446 .189 .553 .160 .464 .384 .778 .284 .969 .740 .102 .085 .125 .750 .667 .355 .784 .076 .968 .527 .788 .943 .091 .165 .422 .601 .472 .201 .558 .668 .708 .776 TABLE 1 RANDOM NUMBERS .230 .996 .462 .349 .241 .956 .607 .963 .410 .416 .370 .377 .158 .702 .148 .560 .888 IE .287 .178 .490 X.@@'l .487 .277 Al .112 .601 . 705 Ml 'l2PJ .943 .227 ## .1NJJ~ .851 .513 J_._~@~ .183 .024 IE.w§~ .017 .926 X.'NJ,'l .532 IE .640 Al .l'l@ .814 X.,fJ2@ Ml 'lll.§ .438 Al.$$.Pl ## .,fJJUJ .097 JMJ.(Jl)lf.Jl 3 .170 .036 Cf) 0 'J@1 .280 .415 Jl .776 .548 .776 .465 .936 .309 .298 .304 .435 .246 .319 .093 .055 .155 .900 .991 .887 .803 IE .072 .206 .749 X.@@1 .075 .141 A.Jl@(fJ) .040 .095 Mf.,fj{ij)_p) .897 .725 Cf) .'J&M .025 .490 Jl .270 .868 KM 64-113-01 5 .422 .079 .572 .775 .667 .567 .640 .435 .669 .395 .911 .041 .584 .610 .548 .689 .357 .605 .520 .970 .613 .078 .225 .993 .508 .526 .750 .963 .943 .658 .054 .224 .121 .632 .126 .677 .777 .237 .851 .256 .348 .148 .217 .421 .149 .251 .593 .571 .343 .894 .079 .7 16 .924 .304 .435 .984 .239 .931 .887 .242 .253 .669 .328 .512 .518 .910 .570 .212 .504 .257 .996 .978 .148 .953 .450 .924 .350 .724 .429 .899 .087 .518 .275 .017 .417 .253 .808 .467 .371 .077 .512 .816 .270 .695 .152 .637 .782 .226 .250 .183 .096 .542 .385 .691 .127 .292 .176 .310 .870 .249 .345 .271 .770 .100 .040 .984 .011 .954 .916 .955 .600 .504 .248 .116 .227 .802 .098 .726 .507 .147 .867 .802 .644 .067 .001 .310 .531 .520 .493 .235 .886 .788 .272 .484 .652 .523 .317 .816 .045 .423 .086 .585 .177 .689 .755 .027 .117 .029 .309 .700 .989 .980 .321 .431 .370 .515 .775 .759 .543 .575 .633 .629 .502 .503 .221 .882 .206 .751 .446 .189 .553 .160 .464 .384 .778 .284 .969 .740 .102 .085 .125 .750 .667 .355 .784 .076 .968 .527 .788 .943 .091 .165 .422 .601 .472 .201 .558 .668 .708 .776 TABLE 1 RANDOM NUMBERS .230 .349 .607 .416 .158 .560 .178 .487 .601 .943 .851 .183 .017 .532 .814 .438 .097 .036 .415 .776 .309 .435 .093 .900 .803 .749 .141 .095 .725 .490 .996 .462 .241 .956 .963 .410 .370 .377 .702 .148 .888 .287 .490 .007 .277 .922 .705 .729 .227 .949 .513 .606 .024 .658 .926 .747 .640 .270 .420 .715 .859 .418 .011 .170 .762 .280 .776 .548 .465 .936 .298 .304 .246 .319 .055 .155 .991 .887 .072 .206 .062 .075 .100 .040 .409 .897 .784 .025 .270 .868 KM 64-113-01 6 .422 .079 .572 .775 .667 .567 .640 .435 .669 .395 .911 .041 .584 .610 .548 .689 .357 .605 .520 .970 .613 .078 .225 .993 .508 .526 .750 .963 .943 .658 .054 .224 .121 .632 .126 .677 .777 .237 .851 .256 .348 .148 .217 .421 .149 .251 .593 .571 .343 .894 .079 .716 .924 .304 .435 .984 .239 .931 .887 .242 .253 .669 .328 .512 .518 .910 .570 .212 .504 .257 .996 .978 .148 .953 .450 .924 .350 .724 .429 .899 .087 .518 .275 .017 .417 .253 .808 .467 .371 .077 .512 .816 .270 .695 .152 .637 .782 .226 .250 .183 .096 .542 .385 .691 .127 .292 .176 .310 .870 .249 .345 .271 .770 .100 .040 .984 .011 .954 .916 .955 .605 .973 .319 .720 .497 .679 .918 .295 .295 .294 .396 .441 .089 .927 .802 .591 .409 .668 .494 .808 .410 .021 .699 .597 .926 .085 .758 .351 .709 .461 .329 .857 .949 .126 .525 .834 .572 .101 .066 .728 .374 .402 .524 .346 .698 .176 .870 .306 .031 .437 .512 .826 .llO .065 .945 .640 .283 .948 .890 .677 .232 .639 .425 .896 .502 .074 .643 .838 .357 .552 .892 .843 .623 .955 .024 .988 .648 .182 .326 .500 .874 .130 .545 .756 .907 .419 .705 .859 .365 .476 TABLE2 RANDOM NUMBERS .294 .634 .777 .321 .530 .967 .097 .286 .624 .093 .550 .677 .147 .679 .133 .179 .107 .878 .330 .328 .434 .092 .294 .851 .718 .983 .958 .164 .597 .351 .236 .572 .299 .578 .854 .281 .655 .191 .937 .257 .993 .920 .633 .149 .982 .953 .491 .694 .498 .377 .095 .906 .045 .699 .069 .006 .601 .492 .013 .907 .071 .854 .842 .507 .182 .460 .163 .496 .075 .752 .795 .329 .203 .625 .592 .440 .685 .847 .534 .978 .128 .784 .826 .523 .418 .817 .655 .566 .154 .458 KM 64-113-01 7 .216 .743 .867 .205 .530 .812 .547 .913 .496 .639 .596 .568 .979 .002 .992 .086 .458 .442 .767 .207 .941 .541 .676 .963 .962 .606 .462 .707 .546 .645 .973 .931 .870 .835 .062 .200 .864 .374 .748 .899 .807 .186 .005 .539 .999 .018 .578 .618 .895 .829 .953 .422 .291 .979 .490 .949 .457 .801 .388 .334 .462 .891 .758 .147 .902 .664 .259 .765 .460 .512 .529 .089 .453 .883 .684 .414 .973 .785 .018 .881 .506 .504 .075 .027 .543 .921 .923 .692 .268 .204 .026 .867 .035 .505 .835 .021 .186 .304 .212 .189 .604 .634 .208 .645 .8ll .138 .208 .337 .823 .955 .773 .882 .984 .903 .738 .614 .373 .303 .631 .832 City of Bozeman Street Naming and Addressing Policy A. All new street names, for both public and private streets, shall be approved by the City Engineering Department and the Gallatin County GIS Department. B. Street names will not be reserved. Street names shall be approved prior to preliminary plat and final plat approval. Street names become effective upon filing of the final plat. C. Street Name Selection 1. A new street shall assume the name of the street on which it aligns unless the street does not and cannot in the future connect to an existing street segment along the alignment. 2. Duplication of street names will not be permitted. Proposed street names that have the same primary name of an existing street but a different suffix (e.g. Smith Drive and Smith Lane) are considered duplicates and will not be permitted. 3. Similar ( text or phonetic) or confusing spelling of street names will not be permitted (e.g. Briar Lane/ Brier Lane; Allen Lane/ Alan Lane; Beech Street/ Peach Street). 4. Only the common spelling of street names will be accepted (e.g. Jane not Jayne, Green not Greene) 5. Names that tend to be slurred or difficult to pronounce shall not be used. 6. Do not use special characters in street names such as hyphens, apostrophes, or dashes. 7. No new street names shall consist of more than two (2) words or contain more than fifteen (15) characters, excluding the suffix (street, avenue, etc.) and directional prefix, if any. 8. Wherever possible, new north-south streets that are west of the east-west zero line (Tracy Ave.) shall be designated as the appropriate numbered avenue. 9. No street name shall begin with an article. D. Directional Prefixes 1. All streets that cross the east-west zero baseline shall be designated with the appropriate east or west directional prefix. The east-west zero baseline Page 1 of 4 is Tracy Avenue as extended and shown on the City ofBozeman's address grid map. 2. All streets that cross the north-south zero baseline shall be designated with the appropriate north or south directional prefix. The north-south zero baseline is Main Street as extended and shown on the City ofBozeman's address grid map. E. Street Type Designations I . Street type designations should reflect the size and function of a street. Street types are contained in the suffix of the street name. 2. Approved street type descriptions and abbreviations are as follows: a) Avenue (AVE): a continuous street with a definite north-south directional course. b) Boulevard (BLVD): a wide arterial or collector type roadway, typically with a median. c) Circle (CIR): a street that intersects another street only once and terminates in a closed loop. d) Court (CT): a relatively short, uninterrupted dead-end street. e) Drive (DR): a curvilinear or winding street which continues through to other rights-of-way. f) Lane (LN): a minor roadway within a subdivision. g) Loop (LOOP): a relatively short, uninterrupted street that begins and ends on the same parent street at two different points, or a street that connects to two intersecting perpendicular streets. h) Parkway (PKWY): same as boulevard. i) Place (PL): a relatively short, uninterrupted dead-end street. j) Road (RD): an arterial or collector type roadway that may run in any direction. This street type designation should not be used for new streets in the City of Bozeman, unless the new street is an extension of an existing street designated as a road. k) Street (ST): a continuous street with a definite east-west directional course. Page 2 of 4 1) Way (WAY): a minor roadway within a subdivision. 3. Private roads should use the designations Place or Way. F. Cul-de-sacs and bubbles 1. When a cul-de-sac is located at the end of an existing street right-of-way or alignment, it shall be given the name of that street, including the suffix, whether the cul-de-sac is straight, curves, or meanders. 2. When two cul-de-sacs approach each other from opposite directions and are in the same alignment but do not join in any manner, they shall be assigned different street names. 3. Cul-de-sac or bubble streets less than 100 feet in length that provide frontage for three or fewer lots shall not be named, but shall take the name and numbering of the street adjoining. G. Addressing 1. Subdivision developers shall make arrangements with the Engineering Department to assign addresses for all individual lots in the subdivision prior to filing of the final plat. A copy of the proposed final plat showing approved street names shall be submitted for use in assigning addresses. Unless the proposed project has been designated for concurrent construction, the lot addresses will not be entered into the City address database until the final plat has been filed. 2. One street address number will be assigned for each separate building by the Engineering Department. For projects with multiple buildings on a single lot, a site plan showing the proposed buildings shall be submitted to the Engineering Department for address assignment prior to site plan approval. Developers of multi-unit buildings shall assign the unit or suite numbers. A floor plan showing the proposed unit or suite designations shall be submitted for approval to the City Engineer's office prior to site plan or building permit approval. Unit/suite numbers shall be assigned based on the following guidelines: a) Multi-unit residential buildings (including condominiums) on separate lots: assign consecutive unit numbers (Unit 1, Unit 2, etc.) or unit letters (Unit A, Unit B, etc.) for each unit. b) Multi-unit residential buildings (including condominiums) on one lot: assign consecutive unit numbers for all the units in the Page 3 of 4 development, beginning at the building closest to the main roadway entrance and continuing in a logical manner through all of the buildings (i.e.: first building: 2301 Smith Street, Units 1, 2, 3, 4; second building: 2305 Smith Street, Units 5, 6, 7, 8). Use a counter-clockwise circular sweep starting from the right side of the primary entryway as you enter. Systematically increment numbers throughout all buildings on the site so as to end at the left side of the same entryway. Avoid oscillating back and forth across the site as much as possible. If the buildings have dwelling units on separate floors, use 3-digit numbers for all of the units, with the first number being the floor level. All building accesses shall clearly identify which units are served by the access. c) Multi-unit commercial buildings: use 3-digit numbers for the units or suites, with the first number being the floor level of the unit. d) Accessory dwelling units shall be assigned a separate street number, however if there are no remaining street numbers available, the main dwelling unit on the property shall be designated unit A and the accessory dwelling unit shall be designated Unit B. Page 4 of 4 BOZEMAN LIGHTING AND ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS CONTENTS: Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installations Street & Pedestrian Lighting Luminaire Submittal Form Standard Drawings Street Lighting – Method of Measurement Street Lighting – Luminance Method of Measurement Street Lighting – Step-by-Step Luminance Method of Measurement Street Lighting Measurement Form (Excel Document, fillable form) City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Table of Contents Section I. General ....................................................................................................... 3 Section II. Definitions ............................................................................................... 3 Section III. Scope of Work. ....................................................................................... 4 A. General ........................................................................................................................... 4 Section IV. Control of Work ...................................................................................... 4 A. General ........................................................................................................................... 4 B. Deviation Request ........................................................................................................... 5 Section V. Utility Clearances ................................................................................... 5 A. Overhead Powerline Clearances ..................................................................................... 5 B. Below-grade Utility Clearances ........................................................................................ 5 Section VI. Conduit .................................................................................................... 5 A. Plastic Conduit - PVC ...................................................................................................... 5 B. Plastic Conduit – HDPE ................................................................................................... 6 C. Steel Conduit ................................................................................................................... 6 D. Conduit Installation .......................................................................................................... 6 Section VII. Pull Boxes / Splice Boxes ...................................................................... 7 A. General ........................................................................................................................... 7 B. Pull Box / Splice Box Installation ..................................................................................... 7 Section VIII. Concrete Foundations ........................................................................ 8 A. Light Standard Foundations............................................................................................. 8 B. Concrete Foundation Pads .............................................................................................. 8 C. Concrete Fill for Pedestal Type Cabinets ......................................................................... 8 Section IX. Wiring ...................................................................................................... 9 A. General ........................................................................................................................... 9 Section X. Bonding and Grounding ........................................................................ 9 A. General ........................................................................................................................... 9 Section XI. Lighting Control Centers and Metered Pedestals ............................. 10 A. General ..........................................................................................................................10 B. Installation ......................................................................................................................10 Section XII. Lighting Design Criteria ....................................................................... 11 A. General ............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. B. Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined. All luminaires shall have a Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) of 2700K - 3000K (+/- 275K). ................................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. C. Non-Signalized Intersection ............................................................................................11 D. Signalized Intersections .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. E. Intersections of Pathways and Streets ............................................................................12 F. Continuous Lighting on Streets .......................................................................................14 G. Design Considerations. ...............................................................................................16 H. Pedestrian Lighting. ........................................................................................................18 City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 I. Pathway Lighting. ...........................................................................................................18 Section XIII. Streetlight Luminaires ...................................................................... 19 A. General ..........................................................................................................................19 B. Installation ......................................................................................................................20 C. Approved Manufacturers – Cobrahead Style [Refer to Figure 10 – Typical Streetlight Standard Detail] .....................................................................................................................20 D. Approved Manufacturers – Bell Style [Refer to Figure 10 – Typical Streetlight Standard Detail] ....................................................................................................................................20 Section XIV. Pedestrian Luminaires ...................................................................... 20 A. General ..........................................................................................................................20 B. Installation ......................................................................................................................21 C. Approved Products – Traditional Post-top Style [Refer to Figure 11 – Typical Post-Top Pedestrian Light Standard Detail] ..........................................................................................21 D. Approved Products – Bell Style [Refer to Figure 12 – Typical Arm-Mount Pedestrian Light Standard Detail] .....................................................................................................................21 Section XV. Pathway Luminaires ......................................................................... 21 A. General ..........................................................................................................................21 B. Installation ......................................................................................................................22 C. Approved Products .........................................................................................................22 Section XVI. Poles. ................................................................................................. 22 A. General ..........................................................................................................................22 B. Installation ......................................................................................................................23 Section XVII. Pole bases ......................................................................................... 23 A. General ..........................................................................................................................23 B. Breakaway Bolt Couplings. .............................................................................................23 C. Frangible Transformer Base. ..........................................................................................23 D. Non-Breakaway Anchor Base. ........................................................................................23 Section XVIII. Submittal Requirements ................................................................... 24 A. General ..........................................................................................................................24 City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 Section I. General These specifications for the provision of lighting installations are intended to provide a set of minimum standards that shall be followed for street lighting, pedestrian lighting and pathway lighting installations within the City of Bozeman public right-of-way or property. These standards, plans, and any special provisions shall apply to all materials supplied, methods, and procedures of work to be followed, and other general minimum requirements that shall be complied with before work is accepted by the City of Bozeman. The City of Bozeman has adopted the following as part of these standard specifications: A Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction (latest edition), Montana Department of Transportation, and all amendments and revisions pertaining thereto. B Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (latest edition), Federal Highway Administration. C NFPA 70 - National Electrical Code (latest edition) D NESC - National Electrical Safety Code The standard specifications outlined in this document are revisions and amendments to the Montana Department of Transportation Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction. In situations where there is a conflict or question of interpretation, these specifications and any special provisions shall prevail. These specifications, the plans, any special provisions, and all supplemental documents are essential parts of a contract and a requirement occurring in one is as binding as though occurring in all. They are intended to be complementary and to describe and provide for the complete work. In case of a discrepancy, figured dimensions shall govern over scaled dimensions; plans shall govern over standard specifications; and special provisions shall govern over plans and standard specifications. Section II. Definitions Development Review Committee (DRC) evaluates all proposals subject to the provisions of Chapter 38, the Unified Development Code within the Bozeman Municipal Code. The DRC is charged with reviewing items related to public health and safety. Low Pedestrian Conflict occurs when adjacent to residential, rural or industrial land uses with very low volumes of nighttime pedestrian usage. These can occur in any of the cited street classifications but are typically suburban streets with single family dwellings, multi-family residential developments, and rural or semi-rural areas. Medium Pedestrian Conflict occurs when adjacent to commercial and institutional land uses where a moderate numbers of pedestrians utilize the streets at night. Typical are downtown office areas, blocks with libraries, schools, churches, shopping centers, restaurants, parks, and streets with transit lines. Pathway lighting is provided to light trails and pathways that are not adjacent to streets. Pathway lighting assemblies are typically 36 inches to 48 inches. The distribution of the light is City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 directed towards the trail or pathway. Pedestrian lighting is provided to light the sidewalk (attached or detached) along arterial, collector, local streets, public plazas, trails or other pedestrian areas. Pedestrian lighting assemblies are typically between 12 feet to 15 feet. The distribution of the light is directed towards the sidewalk. Special Improvement Lighting District (SILD) an improvement district embracing street or streets or public highway therein or portions thereof and property adjacent thereto or property which may be declared by said council to be benefitted by the improvement to be made for the purpose of lighting such street or streets or public highway. All or any portion of the cost of installing and maintaining such lighting system is required to be paid by the owners of the property embraced within the boundaries of such districts. Street lighting is provided for arterial, collector, and local streets where pedestrians and cyclists are generally present. The primary purpose of street lighting is to help the motorist identify obstacles, provide adequate visibility of pedestrians and cyclists, and assist in visual search tasks, both on and adjacent to the street. Street lighting assemblies are typically between 25 feet and 40 feet. The distribution of the light is directed towards the street. Section III. Scope of Work. A. General The design engineer shall consider the need for street lighting, pedestrian lighting and pathway lighting, as specified in Section XII Lighting Criteria, in the development plans for any new or reconstructed roadways. The guidelines and specifications outlined here shall be applicable to lighting located within the City’s Right of Way. All street, pedestrian and pathway lighting shall be operated and maintained through the creation of a new SILD, through the annexation to an existing SILD or through some other equivalent means approved by the City of Bozeman. The application to create or annex to an existing SILD shall be submitted to the City within two months of preliminary approval of the development. The approval to create or annex to an SILD shall be granted prior to final plat for a subdivision or Occupancy if a final plat is not required. Street lighting shall be installed per 38.570, BMC (in regards to completion time for improvements). Individual yard lights on private property shall not be used for street lighting. Section IV. Control of Work A. General Record drawings shall be provided to the City for all new and re-constructed lighting systems that are to be maintained by the City. Cut sheets of all equipment shall be provided with the record drawings. For lighting projects in new subdivisions, record drawings shall be provided and a final inspection done before final plat approval. For site plans that include lighting projects, record drawings shall be provided and a final City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 inspection done before occupancy approval. Contractor is required to submit record drawings and equipment cut sheets for any electrical work that alters an existing lighting system, prior to receiving full payment for project work. B. Deviation Request Deviations may be granted by the City Engineer. Appeals to denials of deviation requests shall be to the Director of Public Works. Refer to Section 38.570 for additional information. Section V. Utility Clearances A. Overhead Powerline Clearances Light standard assembly locations must comply with National Electrical Safety Code (NESC) Rules regarding clearance requirements between phase conductor and streetlight and between primary conductor and streetlight. Light standard assembly locations must comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 1926.1408 minimum clearance distances to overhead power lines. The City will not accept work that does not meet these clearance requirements or requires a qualified worker to maintain the lighting system. B. Below-grade Utility Clearances Light standard foundations shall be located to maintain a minimum horizontal clearance of 10 feet from the edge of foundation to the edge of any water line, sewer line, storm drain line or gas line. When paralleling water, sewer, storm and gas lines with lighting conduit, a 10-foot horizontal separation is preferred. Where 10 foot separation is impractical, a minimum of 5-foot horizontal separation will be allowed. Section VI. Conduit A. Plastic Conduit - PVC All PVC conduits located under roadways, driveways, and other vehicular access areas shall be schedule 80 type EPC-80-PVC. Conduits under non-vehicular locations may be schedule 40 type EPC-40-PVC. PVC conduit shall be manufactured of high-impact PVC, and shall conform to industry standards and commercial standard CS-207-60 and NEMA TC 2. All 90-degree conduit bends shall be factory 90-degree elbows that are schedule 80 PVC or PVC coated GRC. Field conduit bends may be used for bends that are 60-degrees or less. When bending PVC conduit in the field, use a heater that is approved by the conduit manufacturer. Bends in PVC conduit shall be made and conform to all appropriate sections of the National Electric Code or local codes governing bending radius, and the number of bends allowed as City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 applicable for rigid conduit. Conduit bends, except factory bends, shall have a radius of not less than six times the inside diameter of the conduit. B. Plastic Conduit – HDPE All HDPE conduit shall be factory lubricated, low friction, high-density conduit constructed of virgin high density conduit constructed of virgin high-density polyethylene resin. Conduit shall be capable of being coiled on reels in continuous lengths, transported, stored outdoors, and subsequently uncoiled for installation, without affecting its properties or performance. Bored electrical conduit shall be HDPE and installed using trenchless technology of either jacked conduit or directional boring. C. Steel Conduit Steel conduit for exterior, surface mounted, above grade installations shall be Galvanized Rigid Conduit (GRC). Polyvinyl Chloride coated Galvanized Rigid Conduit (PVC coated GRC) may be used for below grade installations, encased in concrete and above grade where exposure to water is imminent. GRC conduit shall comply with ANSI C80.1 and UL 6. PVC coated GRC shall comply with NEMA RN 1. Coating thickness shall be a minimum of 0.040 inch (1mm), both inside and out. D. Conduit Installation All conduit direct buried in contact with earth shall be PVC, HDPE or PVC coated GRC. PVC conduit Installation through foundations (other than light standard foundations) shall have transition to GRC or PVC coated GRC prior to exposure above foundation. Underground conduit shall have the following minimum diameter (ID) trade size conduit, unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. 1. Conduit Sleeves Under Roadways: 3 inch minimum 2. Conduit in Typical Trench: 2 inch minimum 3. Conduit from Pull Box / Splice Box to Foundation: 1 inch minimum 4. Conduit to Pathway Luminaires: 3/4 inch minimum Conduits shall be placed two feet from back of curb. All existing conduits shall be cleaned with a mandrel or cylindrical wire brush and all conduits (existing or new) shall be blown out with compressed air, before conductors or signal facilities are installed. All empty spare conduits shall be installed with the following: 1. A nylon or polyester pull tape of at least 1250 lbs strength with footage marking tape. 2. For bored conduit installations that require complete intersection rewiring or new construction, a 12 AWG tracer wire shall be installed across every empty conduit leg, and conduit plugs shall be installed in all conduits. 3. Pull rope with footage tape, tracer wire, and conduit plugs shall be included in the price of City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 electrical conduit. When conduit is specified to be installed under existing pavement by directional line boring, the boring pits shall be kept a minimum of 2 feet clear of the edge of pavement whenever possible. Conduit installed under pavement, sidewalk, dirt, sod or any condition other than under an existing roadway shall be installed with not less than 24 inches of cover to the top of the conduit. Under existing roadway, conduit shall be installed with not less than 30 inches of cover to the top of the conduit. Conduit installed under railroad tracks shall be installed not be less than 42 inches below the bottom of the tie to the top of the conduit. [Refer to Figure 1 – Typical Conduit Burial Standard Detail]. Section VII. Pull Boxes / Splice Boxes A. General All pull / splice boxes and covers must be made of polymer concrete with fiberglass reinforcement with a traffic rating of TIER 22. Pull / splice boxes shall be labeled "ELECTRIC" on pull / splice boxes containing electrical power or “LIGHTING” on all pull / splice boxes containing street lighting conductors. The labeling must be cast into the cover and not a separate independent tag. [Refer to Figure 2 – Typical In-Grade Pull Box / Splice Box Dimensions Standard Detail] B. Pull Box / Splice Box Installation When pull / splice boxes are located behind sidewalk or in non-pavement areas, they shall be surrounded by a 12 inch wide collar of class B concrete 6 inches deep. [Refer to Figure 3 – Typical In-Grade Composite Pull Box / Splice Box Detail] Maximum distance between pull / splice boxes is 200 feet for street and pedestrian lights, and 100 feet for pathway lights. Street crossings for conduit runs need to have a pull / splice box at each side of the street crossing. Pull / splice boxes are to be installed at each street corner where conduit takes a 90 degree bend around the corner of the block. Provide a Type 1 or Type 2 pull / splice box by each streetlight or pedestrian light with smaller 1 inch diameter conduit allowed going into light base from pull / splice box. For pathway lights, conduit may be routed in and out of the foundation, with a minimum conduit size of 1 inch. Pull / splice boxes for pathway lights shall be placed at 90-degree bends around a corner, and at the minimum spacing listed above. Box size shall be determined by the diameter of the Largest Trade Size Conduit (LTSC) installed in the box. For conductors 6 AWG or smaller, the box shall be sized (6) six times LTSC in width or length dimension. For conductors 4 AWG and larger, the box shall be sized (8) eight ties LTSC in width or length dimension. City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 For future expansion, empty conduit, with nylon or polyester tape pull tape of at least 1250 lbs strength with footage marking tape, shall terminate in a pull / splice box. Stub spare conduit(s) out of the box and cap below grade at 2 feet from the box, in the direction of future expansion. Label conduit stub out(s) in pull / splice box “for future expansion to the direction of expansion”. Wire connections in pull / splice boxes should use water-proof, insulated multi-tap connectors, by Burndy, or Ilsco, or equivalent. Section VIII. Concrete Foundations A. Light Standard Foundations In locations where the roadway is not curbed, and/or in dirt, the top of the foundation shall be six inches above the grade of the edge of the pavement or as directed by the Engineer. The top of the foundation shall be finished smooth and have a 3/4 inch chamfered edge. [Refer to Figures 4, 5 and 6 – Typical Light Standard Foundation Electrical Details] Where caisson foundations are located in the sidewalk, the caisson foundation shall be installed to 6 inch under finished curb or sidewalk grade or as directed by the Engineer. [Refer to Figure 4 – Typical Light Standard Foundation Electrical Details ] Where foundations are to be installed in dirt, landscaped areas, or any other situation where the top of the caisson is not being installed with an existing sidewalk or concrete improvement, the contractor shall use sono-tube on the top section of the caisson for finished appearance. A structural engineer licensed in the state of Montana shall determine the foundation size (depth and diameter) and concrete reinforcement for the specific light standard configuration. B. Concrete Foundation Pads All lighting control center cabinets that are to be installed in concrete, shall have either, an approved anchor bolt template with bolts installed before concrete pour, or upon approval of the Engineer, be installed using approved concrete drop in style anchors. All lighting control center cabinets installed in areas other than concrete, shall be installed to their marked grade on a concrete foundation pad with 24” depth, sized to fit cabinet dimensions with 3 inch minimum to 6 inch maximum offset of concrete on all sides of the enclosure. Provide 3 foot x 3 foot step pad with a maximum slope of 1:24. [Refer to Figures 7a, 7b, 8 and 9 – Typical Lighting Control Center Standard Details] C. Concrete Fill for Pedestal Type Cabinets All pedestal type cabinets mounted on galvanized strut-channel supports shall have concrete filled post holes with a minimum depth of 36-inches and minimum diameter of 9-inches. [Refer to Figure 8 – Typical Lighting Control Center Pedestal Standard Detail ] City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 Section IX. Wiring A. General All wiring shall be copper conductors installed in conduit to meet the National Electric Code. Minimum size current carrying conductor for exterior installations shall be #10 AWG copper. Furnish conductors of solid or stranded copper of the gauge shown in the contract. Insulation for conductors must be Type THW, XHHW, XHHW-2, USE, RHH, RHW, THWN, and THWN-2. All insulation must be designed for 600 volts and meet NEC requirements. All wiring shall be pulled into conduit using a nylon or polyester pull tape of at least 1250 lbs strength with footage marking tape. Metal Clad cable (MC) or Armored Cable (AC) shall not be allowed in exterior applications. Exterior lighting shall be powered at 120/240V-1PH-3W unless otherwise noted on the plans. Wiring color code shall be as follows: Line 1 = Black Line 2 = Red Neutral = White (only required when 120V power is present) Ground = Green Section X. Bonding and Grounding A. General All PVC or PVC coated GRC conduits from a metered power source shall have a raceway ground conductor installed with the current carrying conductors, sized to the NEC. Ground conductor shall have the size increased to match current carrying conductor size increase for voltage drop purposes. All light standard foundations for streetlights and pedestrian lights shall have a 5/8 inch diameter x 8 foot long, copper clad driven ground rod installed in the pull / splice box next to the light standard. Top of rod shall be a minimum of 4 inches below grade. Exothermic weld or underground rated lug connect a #6 AWG soft drawn bare copper conductor from rod through 1/2 inch trade size conduit in the foundation to the lug on the pole in the back of the hand hole. In instances where no dedicated ground rod is present in the pullbox to clamp to the #6 bare copper conductor, the contractor shall clamp to the light pole foundation rebar cage. In this situation, the light pole foundation must be in direct contact with the ground (sonotube removed). Pathway lights shall have the system grounding conductor bonded to the grounding lug inside each bollard. All grounding electrodes shall be bonded together per the NEC. City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 Section XI. Lighting Control Centers and Metered Pedestals A. General All street lighting systems shall be metered separately from other uses, with the exception of streetlights installed in conjunction with traffic signal poles. Lighting control centers and metered pedestals shall be located outside of the sight triangle and within the public right of way or easement at least 50 feet from intersection corners. The location shall be behind the sidewalk where possible and in the boulevard near the sidewalk when right of way does not allow for placement behind the sidewalk. B. Installation Electric services shall use NEMA Type 3R cabinets with hinged, lockable covers and 3/8” holes for a padlock. Services shall be equipped with 3-way switches for hand-off-auto (HOA) operation. Wire photocell on/off control in the auto position. Lighting control centers shall house electrically held lighting contactors that are 12-pole with 30 amp contacts rated at 600V, and 120V coils. Street lighting circuits shall be automatically controlled with turn lock mounting delayed response photo cells. Lighting control centers shall have a 120V twist-lock receptacle type photoelectric cell with matching receptacle base attached to the assembly with heavy duty galvanized c-channel structure using 1 inch galvanized rigid conduit, mounted 8 feet above grade. Orient window of photocell to face north. Photocell to operate the lighting contactors for on/off control when HOA is in the auto position. Meters shall be installed a minimum of 4 feet and maximum of 5 feet above grade to the center of the meter. City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 Section XII. Lighting Design Criteria This section describes the luminaire selection and lighting layout for each street classification. Designers are required to submit the following to the City of Bozeman for all street lighting projects: Calculation summary (more information can be found in Section XII.D) Luminaire Submittal Form (found in Appendix A) A. Lighting Controls All street and pedestrian lights installed shall have on board dimmers to allow for dimming in the field after luminaires have been installed. Onboard dimmers will allow for city officials to be able to dim lights when residents are offended following new installations. All streetlights shall have and ANSI 7-Pin receptacle to be compatible with future wireless control systems. B. Intersections and Crosswalks The same luminaires are to be used throughout the intersection. When an intersection is between two different street classifications, the higher street classification target criteria is used throughout the entire intersection. The recommended streetlight layout for an intersection is also dependent on whether the street classification calls for continuous or non-continuous lighting. All traffic signal mounted streetlights shall meet the lighting requirements listed below. The intersection design shall ensure that the crosswalks are sufficiently lighted to light the vertical surface (body) of pedestrians in the crosswalk. This may require that additional streetlights be located before the intersection as shown in the Figures below. Mid-block crossings and denoted crosswalks shall be lighted. Crosswalks can be denoted by striping, signage, flashing beacons, etc. Crosswalks are important parts of the streetscape and an appropriate lighting design will improve the visibility of pedestrians in the crosswalk. The lighting should be installed between the vehicle and the crosswalk (ie: half to one pole height before the crosswalk) to ensure that the body of the pedestrian is adequately lighted. If streetlights are installed above or immediately adjacent to the crosswalk, only the top of the pedestrian’s head will be lighted making it difficult for motorists to see the pedestrian. Crosswalks and mid-block crossings shall be lighted to the Vertical Illuminance requirements in the table below. See Section D for instructions on how to set up a calculation for crosswalks and mid-block crossings. Figure 1: Streetlight Located Before Crosswalk Figure 2: Streetlight Placement with Respect to Crosswalk City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 Table A: Intersection Target Horizontal & Vertical Criteria Signalized, large intersections This intersection type applies to: Arterial/Arterial Arterial/Collector For a signalized intersection, with continuous lighting, the typical streetlight arrangement is interrupted by placing a streetlight half to one pole height in front of the crosswalk. This is called out as “1/2 to 1 pole height before crosswalk”. See the Crosswalk section for more information. Additional streetlights should be located on signal poles if additional lighting is needed to meet the intersection criteria. Figure 3: Signalized, Large Intersection Functional Classification Adjacent Land Use Average Horizontal Illuminance (Fc) Uniformity Ratio (Fcavg/Fcmin) Average Vertical Illuminance (Fc) Luminaire Mounting Height (feet) Recommended Mast Arm Length (ft) Distribution Max BUG Rating Commercial / Institutional 2.4 6 1.0 35-40 10 Type 2 or 3 3-0-3 Residential / Industrial / Rural 1.7 6 0.8 30-35 10 Type 2 or 3 2-0-2 Commercial / Institutional 2.0 6 1.0 35-40 10 Type 2 or 3 2-0-2 Residential / Industrial / Rural 1.4 6 0.7 30-35 10 Type 2 or 3 2-0-2 Commercial / Institutional 1.9 6 0.8 35-40 10 Type 2 or 3 2-0-2 Residential / Industrial / Rural 1.2 6 0.6 30-35 10 Type 2 or 3 2-0-2 Commercial / Institutional 1.7 8 0.8 30-35 6 Type 2 or 3 2-0-2 Residential / Industrial / Rural 1.1 8 0.5 30-35 6 Type 2 or 3 1-0-2 Commercial / Institutional 1.5 8 0.7 30-35 6 Type 2 or 3 1-0-2 Residential / Industrial / Rural 0.9 8 0.5 30-35 6 Type 2 or 3 1-0-2 Commercial / Institutional 1.3 10 0.6 25-30 6 Type 2 or 3 1-0-1 Residential / Industrial / Rural 0.7 10 0.5 25-30 6 Type 2 or 3 1-0-1 Commercial / Institutional Residential / Industrial / Rural Arterial / Arterial1 Arterial / Collector1 Arterial / Local1 Collector / Collector2 Collector / Local2 Local / Local <30mph Local / Local >30mph * A U2 BUG rating is acceptable when using a house side shield? 1. Arterial mid block crossing shall follow the arterial/arterial intersection criteria. NA NA 2. Collector mid block crossing shall follow the collector/collector intersection criteria. City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 Non-signalized, large intersection This intersection type applies to: Arterial/Collector Arterial/Local Collector/Collector The larger street sections should be continuously lighted through the intersection. The typical streetlight arrangement is carried through the intersection. The streetlights should be located half to one pole height before the crosswalk, if it exists. The smaller cross street should have at least one light located before the stop bar. Signalized, small intersection This intersection type applies to: Arterial/Local Collector/Collector Streetlights should be located half to one pole height before the crosswalk. This will light the people within the crosswalk. An additional streetlight located along the cross street should be included to better illuminate the crosswalk if necessary. Additional streetlights should be located on signal poles if additional lighting is needed to meet the intersection criteria. Non-signalized, small intersection This intersection type applies to: Collector/Local Local/Local At least one luminaire is to be placed at each intersection. Figure 4: Non-Signalized, Large Intersection Figure 5: Signalized, Small Intersection Figure 6: Non-Signalized, Small Intersection City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 Mid-Block Crosswalks A streetlight shall be located one half to 1 mounting height in front of the crosswalk on both sides of the street for all mid-block crossings. Figure 1: Streetlight Placement with Respect to Mid-Block Crossing Figure 7: Mid-Block Crossing City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 C. Continuous Lighting on Streets Provide continuous lighting for all arterial, collector, and local streets as specified in Table A. Lighting criteria varies for each street classification based on adjacent land use. Due to a higher pedestrian activity, streets located adjacent to commercial and institutional properties will have a higher lighting criteria. Commercial and institutional properties include churches, schools, retail areas, and restaurants. Streets located adjacent to residential, industrial, and rural properties, as well as office parks have a lower lighting criteria due to lower pedestrian activity. The lighting criteria and adjacent land use shall be evaluated on a block-by-block basis. Therefore, if a project is traveling through a residential area and passes by a school, the block that the school is on will have a higher criteria than the rest of the project. A house-side shield is highly recommended on all installations and may be needed to meet the required maximum BUG Rating. All streetlights shall have a U0 uplight rating, unless an external house side shield is being used. When an external shield is in use, light can be reflected upwards, therefore, when a shield is necessary to reduce light trespass, a U2 uplight rating is acceptable. Internal house side shields can maintain a U0 uplight rating and are preferred. All roadway calculations where a house-side shield is intended on being used shall be calculated with an .ies file that includes the shielding. Designers should strive to meet the luminaire spacing that will provide the highest quality street lighting possible, but this is not always feasible. It is necessary to integrate lighting locations to coordinate with other improvements: Clearance from driveways (10 feet commercial and 5 feet residential). Clearance from fire hydrants (5 feet). Trees (centered in between trees or 10 feet from the tree trunk). Place poles and luminaires near property lines wherever practical and avoid locations in front of doorways, windows, and lines of egress. A staggered luminaire arrangement is preferred but is not always feasible. Single sided arrangements should only be used when necessary. Table B: New Construction Lighting Design Guidance. Functional Classification Adjacent Land Use Average Luminance (cd/m2) Uniformity Ratio (Lavg/Lmin) Luminaire Mounting Height (ft) Arrangement Lumen Output Range Distribution Max CCT Max BUG Rating Staggered 11,000 - 14,000 Type 2 or 3 3,000 B2-U0-G2 Single Sided Staggered 7,000 - 10,000 Type 2 3,000 B1-U0-G2 Single Sided 7,000 - 12,000 Type 2 3,000 B1-U0-G2 Staggered 7,000 - 10,000 Type 2 3,000 B2-U0-G2 Single Sided 7,000 - 12,000 Type 2 3,000 B2-U0-G2 Staggered 3,500 - 5,500 Type 2 2,700 B1-U0-G2 Single Sided 5,000 - 7,500 Type 2 2,700 B1-U0-G2 Staggered 3,500 - 5,000 Type 2 3,000 B1-U0-G1 Single Sided 4,000 - 6,000 Type 2 3,000 B1-U0-G1 Staggered 2,500 - 4,000 Type 2 2,700 B1-U0-G1 Single Sided 3,500 - 4,500 Type 2 2,700 B1-U0-G1 Local - Continous Commercial / Institutional 0.3 10 25-30 Single Sided 3,500 - 4,500 Type 2 3,000 B1-U0-G1 Local Residential / Industrial / Rural NA 10 25-30 Single Sided 2,500 -4,000 Type 2 2,700 B0-U0-G1 * At time of publication, all Principal Arterial Streets except for Conttonwood Road are owned and maintained by MDT. Residential / Industrial / Rural Commercial / Institutional 25-30 25-30 0.3 0.5 10 10 0.6Commercial / Institutional 6 6 30-350.4Residential / Industrial / Rural 8 * A U2 BUG rating is acceptable when using a house side shield. Principal Arterial Minor Arterial Collector Not Recommended 30-350.9Commercial / Institutional 30-350.6Residential / Industrial / Rural 30-35 5 City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 All new installations and retrofits of streetlights shall conform to the standards set forth in Table B, based on street classification, adjacent land use, and luminaire arrangement. D. Calculations Lighting calculations are required for all street lighting projects for the City of Bozeman. Calculations shall be done in AGi32, DIALux, Visual, or comparable software, and include the following calculation grids: Roadway Luminance o A calculation grid is required for every lane of traffic and shall be oriented in the direction of travel spaced 10’ OC along each lane, with two points across each lane. o Every section of roadway where criteria changes requires a separate calculation grid. Intersection Illuminance o Intersection calculations shall be done using horizontal illuminance grids that include the whole intersection, as well as all crosswalks associated with the intersections. Calculation points shall be placed in a 5’x5’ grid. Sidewalk Illuminance o Horizontal sidewalk illuminance grids shall be placed on all sidewalks, spaced every 5’-10’ OC along the sidewalk with two points across the sidewalk. Light Trespass Illuminance o Light trespass grids shall be located 5’ past the edge of ROW, into private property. Light trespass grids shall be placed 5’ AFF, oriented toward the street with calculation points every 5’-10’ OC. o Light trespass calculation grids shall be separated based on adjacent land use. If the project goes from a residential area to a commercial area, a separate light trespass calculation grid will be required for each section of the project. o If a structure is within 5’ from the property line, light trespass grid to be placed on the structure, 5’ AFF. o Light trespass values shall not exceed the following: Residential properties: 0.1Fc Maximum. If this criteria is not feasible with proper shielding and distribution, a variance may be considered to allow up to 0.2Fc Maximum light trespass in residential areas. Designer will be required to submit a narrative describing the efforts to control light trespass to the City Engineer. Commercial and mixed-use residential properties: 0.3Fc Maximum Crosswalk Vertical Illuminance o Vertical illuminance grids shall be placed in all crosswalks at 5’ AFF, and oriented according to Figure 9. Calculation points shall be located along the center line of each crosswalk, placed every 5’ OC. Designers shall submit to the City a calculation summary table for each calculation grid and City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 include the average illuminance or luminance, maximum illuminance or luminance, minimum illuminance or luminance, and Avg:Min ratio. Calculated values may vary from criteria by no more than 10% above or below. Calculations shall not include a light loss factor (LFF). Figure 8: Intersection Calculation Grid Setup Figure 10: Roadway, Sidewalk, and Light Trespass Calculation Grid Setup Figure 8: Horizontal Intersection Illuminance Grid Figure 9: Vertical Intersection Illuminance Grid Figure 10: Calculation Grids for Roadway Luminance, Sidewalk Illuminance, and Light Trespass City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 E. Design Considerations. In addition to the requirements outlined in Table B, the following layout criteria shall be used: When a streetlight location falls near an unlit intersection, the light shall be located at the intersection; Streetlights shall be located at property lines to the greatest extent possible, but not in conflict with other utility service providers; All proposed local streets within the proposed subdivision, having a curve of 300 feet or longer in length, shall have a streetlight in the middle of the horizontal curve or as required by the City Engineer; A streetlight shall be placed at the terminal ends of center median islands having trees and/or other fixed objects not having a breakaway design for speeds of 25 miles per hour or greater; Additional streetlights may be required by the DRC when potential traffic hazards are identified during plan review; and Street and pedestrian lighting arrangements with poles aligned on opposite sides of the street, rather than staggered are allowed. Mounting heights shall be measured from the grade of the street at the edge of the travelled way and shall comply with the requirements of Table B. F. Pedestrian Lighting. Pedestrian lighting is defined as luminaires mounted between 12ft and 15ft and shall be installed at 60 feet to 105 feet on center, as appropriate to coordinate with landscape and hardscape features. Two pedestrian lights shall be installed on opposite sides of the street at all intersections of pathways and local streets located within the proposed development or along existing streets or roads abutting the development, unless the pathway intersects the street at a lighted intersection. Pedestrian lights shall have a lumen output range of 2,000 – 3,500 lumens, and a maximum B.U.G. rating of B2-U1-G1. Pedestrian lights in special districts, including those along Main Street and Wilson Ave, will require special approval from a City Engineer. Spacing of pedestrian lights shall be determined by meeting the illuminance requirements outlined in Table C. Table C. Pedestrian Lighting Guidance. Adjacent Land Use Average Horizontal Illuminance for Pedestrian Walkways in Maintained Footcandles Illuminance Uniformity Ratio (avg/min) Commercial or Institutional 0.5 4.0 Residential, Industrial or Rural 0.3 6.0 Source: Roadway Lighting (RP-8), Illuminating Engineering Society of North America. G. Pathway Lighting. Pathway lights shall be installed along pathways through parks and other pathways that are detached from the street. All pathway lights shall comply with City of Bozeman specifications. Pathway lights shall have a height range of 40 - 48 inches, a lumen output range of 500 - 1,000 lumens, and a maximum wattage of 25 Watts. City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 Section XIII. Streetlight Luminaires A. General All luminaires shall be light emitting diode (LED). Color temperature 3000K maximum, per ANSI C78.377-2011 standard. All luminaires shall be equipped with a surge suppression device with a minimum immunity level of 10kV. All luminaires shall have a field adjustable dimming system to allow for onsite dimming once installed. Shielding: All luminaires shall have standard house-side shielding options. Front-side shielding may also be required to control light trespass across the street. Front-side shields may be custom, but manufacturer standard shielding is preferred. New light installations will be evaluated by the City of Bozeman during the required 2- year warranty period immediately following project acceptance. The City may require the developer to modify light installations through shielding or dimming to get the desired light distribution. The contractor may be required to provide house side light shields to the City of Bozeman for each new luminaire as a condition of project acceptance. All luminaires shall have a minimum ingress protection (IP) rating of IP66, and shall be UL/ETL listed for wet locations. All luminaires shall be equipped with a 0-10V or DALI dimming driver, capable of receiving input line voltage 120V-277V. Driver shall comply with Federal Communication Commission (FCC) 47 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part 15 non-consumer radio frequency interference (RFI) and/or electromagnetic interference (EMI) standards. Minimum power factor (PF) shall be no less than 0.9 at full input power. Maximum total harmonic distortion (THD) shall be no greater than 20 percent at full input power. A minimum 10 year warranty is required for all parts, materials, and shipping required to repair or replace luminaire. All luminaires are to be equipped with an ANSI C136.41 7-pin receptacle. Shorting caps are to be installed on each luminaire. Luminaires are to have a Type II distribution. Type III distribution allowed on Principal Arterials and Large Signalized Intersections. Access to all internal parts requiring replacement shall not require tools (i.e., “tool-less entry”). Luminaire shall be tested in accordance with IES LM79 and TM21 certifying photometric performance and rated life, respectively. LM79 (performance) and TM21 (predicted life) testing shall both be for the same luminaire’s operating drive current as specified. Luminaires shall have a minimum L70 live of 100,000 hours based on IES TM21 testing. Luminaire system efficacy shall be no less than 80 lumens per input watt. Luminaire shall have an external label per ANSI C136.15 and internal label per ANSI C136.22. Luminaires shall be equipped with internal leveling bubble. Breakaway connections using sheer bolts must have a skirt to protect the bolts. Luminaires shall be powder coat finished black or powder coat finished to match pole, unless installed on a local street, then either dark brown or hunter green. Luminaire distribution shall be equal or less than the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America’s (IES) TM 15-11 Backlight, Uplight, and Glare (BUG) ratings as City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 specified in Table B. B. Installation Luminaires shall be mounted in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. Plumb or level all elements, symmetrically arrange, and securely assemble. Conceal all conductors in the poles and assembly. Luminaires shall have an adjustable slipfitter-type mounting system for the installation on 1.25 inch (1.66 inch o.d.) to 2 inch (2.375 inch o.d.) outside diameter pipe tenons. Slipfitter shall consist of a two-piece clamp and four 9/16 inch hex bolts. Slipfitter shall allow for a vertical tilt adjustment of +/- 5 percent in order to mount plumb for a U0 rating. C. Approved Manufacturers – Cobrahead Style [Refer to Figure 10 – Typical Street Light Standard Detail] GE Evolve LED Cobrahead Cree XSP (only to be used with a House-Side Shield and distribution Type II Long) Lumec Roadfocus D. Approved Manufacturers – Bell Style [Refer to Figure 10 – Typical Streetlight Standard Detail] Lumec Domus Architectural Area Lighting Universe Or Pre-Approved Equal Section XIV. Pedestrian Luminaires A. General All luminaires shall be light emitting diode (LED). Color temperature maximum 3000K, per ANSI C78.377-2011 standard. All luminaires shall be equipped with a surge suppression device with a minimum immunity level of 10kV. All luminaires shall be equipped with a 0-10V dimming driver, capable of receiving input line voltage 120V-277V. Driver shall comply with Federal Communication Commission (FCC) 47 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part 15 non-consumer radio frequency interference (RFI) and/or electromagnetic interference (EMI) standards. Minimum power factor (PF) shall be no less than 0.9 at full input power. Maximum total harmonic distortion (THD) shall be no greater than 20 percent at full input power. A minimum 10 year warranty is required for all parts, materials, and shipping required to repair or replace luminaire. All luminaires are to be equipped with an ANSI C136.41 7-pin receptacle. Shorting caps are to be installed on each luminaire. Luminaires are to have either a Type III or Type V distribution. Type V distributions will be considered for special use through DRC review. Access to all internal parts requiring replacement shall not require tools (i.e., “tool-less entry”). Luminaire shall be tested in accordance with IES LM79 and TM21 certifying City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 photometric performance and rated life, respectively. LM79 (performance) and TM21 (predicted life) testing shall both be for the same luminaire’s operating drive current as specified. Internal house-side shield must be available. Luminaire system efficacy shall be no less than 60 lumens per input watt. Luminaire shall have an external label per ANSI C136.15 and internal label per ANSI C136.22. Luminaires shall be powder coat finished black or powder coat finished to match pole, unless installed on a local street, then either dark brown or hunter green. Luminaire distribution shall be equal or less than the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America’s (IES) TM 15-11 Backlight, Uplight, and Glare (BUG) rating of B2 U1 G1 For applications approved for Type V distribution, the Backlight rating shall not apply. B. Installation Luminaires shall be mounted in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. Plumb or level all elements, symmetrically arrange, and securely assemble. Conceal all conductors in the poles and assembly. C. Approved Products – Traditional Post-top Style [Refer to Figure 11 – Typical Post-Top Pedestrian Light Standard Detail] Sternberg Euro Architectural Area Lighting Providence Or approved equal D. Approved Products – Bell Style [Refer to Figure 12 – Typical Arm-Mount Pedestrian Light Standard Detail] Lumec Domus Architectural Area Lighting Universe Or approved equal Section XV. Pathway Luminaires A. General All luminaires shall be light emitting diode (LED). Color temperature maximum 3000K, per ANSI C78.377-2011 standard, +/- 275K. All luminaires shall be equipped with a surge suppression device with a minimum immunity level of 10kV. All luminaires shall be equipped with a 0-10V dimming or DALI driver, capable of receiving input line voltage 120V-277V. Driver shall comply with Federal Communication Commission (FCC) 47 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part 15 non-consumer radio frequency interference (RFI) and/or electromagnetic interference (EMI) standards. Minimum power factor (PF) shall be 0.9 at full input power. Maximum total harmonic distortion (THD) shall be 20 percent at full input power. A minimum 10 year warranty is required for all parts, materials, and shipping required to repair or replace luminaire. All luminaires are to be equipped with an ANSI C136.41 7-pin receptacle. For City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 luminaires that are not supplied with integral 7-pin receptacles, provide the 7-pin receptacle in pole cap on the top of the pole. Shorting caps are to be installed on each luminaire. Luminaires are to have either a Type III or Type V distribution. Type V distributions will be considered for special use through DRC review. Luminaire shall be tested in accordance with IES LM79 and TM21 certifying photometric performance and rated life, respectively. LM79 (performance) and TM21 (predicted life) testing shall both be for the same luminaire’s operating drive current as specified. Luminaire system efficacy shall be no less than 30 lumens per input watt. Luminaires shall be powder coat finished black. Vandal proof. Not flat heads, rounded heads. Concrete base, no direct burial Luminaire distribution shall be equal or less than the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America’s (IES) TM 15-11 Backlight, Uplight, and Glare (BUG) ratings as follows: B2 U1 G1 For applications approved for Type V distribution, the Backlight rating shall not apply. B. Installation Luminaires shall be mounted in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. Plumb or level all elements, symmetrically arrange, and securely assemble. Conceal all conductors in the assembly. [Refer to Figure 13 – Typical Pathway Light Standard Detail] C. Approved Products Lithonia Lighting KBR8 LED Bollard Lithonia Lighting D-Series LED Bollard Or approved equal Section XVI. Poles. A. General Unless specifically approved by the City Commission, the use of “Montana Angle”, “Budget Angle”, or similar style streetlight poles is prohibited. All poles, mast arms, and luminaires for streetlights and signal poles shall be round, tapered steel with galvanized and painted finish. Poles for pedestrian lights shall be round, non-tapered steel, with optional decorative fluting, and galvanized and painted finish. Unless a variance is granted, all future ARTERIAL AND COLLECTOR street and signal light poles shall be “Hunter Green” (RAL#6005), Moss Green, or similar in color, excepting that all future street and signal light poles in the Downtown Business District and North 7th Avenue TIF District shall be black, and further excepting that entryway streets into Montana State University (i.e. S. 8th Avenue, College Street, Kagy Boulevard, and S. 11th Avenue) may be dark Bobcat Blue. City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 The height of streetlight poles shall be determined based upon the lumen output and application. Refer to Lighting Design Criteria. Streetlight luminaires shall have a mast arm of 6 feet for local and collector streets, or 10 feet for principal and minor arterials. All streetlight poles shall be installed on a concrete foundation with the appropriate base for the application. [Refer to Figure 9 – Typical Streetlight Standard Details] All poles, foundations, and breakaway bases shall meet the criteria set forth in the AASHTO publication Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires, and Traffic Signals. B. Installation Streetlight poles shall be placed typically at five feet from back of curb. Streetlight standards, pedestrian light standards and pathway lights shall have an access panel and cover near base for access to wiring, fusible, in-line, water tight, breakaway connectors on wiring in pole hand hole area such as Bussman type water tight fuse holders. [Refer to Figures 14, 15 and 16 – Typical Pole Base Standard Details] Section XVII. Pole bases A. General Unless otherwise protected, a breakaway base should be provided for all streetlight standards within the clear zone along rural and high-speed urban highways, except where located within 1.5 times pole height from a bus stop. Non-breakaway bases shall be used for all pedestrian lights and pathway lights. B. Breakaway Bolt Couplings. Breakaway bolt couplings are aluminum connectors or sleeves that are designed to shear when the pole is hit. The bottom of the coupling is threaded onto the foundation anchor bolts, and the light standard is attached to the top of the coupling. Four couplings are used with each light standard. Where breakaway supports are required, use the breakaway bolt coupling unless it will not function with the approved light standard. [Refer to Figure 14 – Typical Breakaway Bolt Coupling Standard Details] C. Frangible Transformer Base. The frangible transformer base consists of a cast aluminum apron between the concrete foundation and the base of the pole. It is designed to deform and breakaway when hit by a vehicle bumper. Use the frangible transfer base where a breakaway base is justified but breakaway bolt couplings cannot be used. [Refer to Figure 15 – Typical Frangible Transformer Base Detail] D. Non-Breakaway Anchor Base. A non-breakaway anchor base consists primarily of a metal plate that is welded to the bottom of the light standard. The plate allows the light standard to be bolted directly to the foundation without an intermediate breakaway device. It does not meet AASHTO breakaway base criteria. [Refer to Figure 16 – Typical Non-Breakaway Pole Base Detail] City of Bozeman Standard Specifications for Lighting Materials and Installation Revision March 2020 Section XVIII. Submittal Requirements A. General Plan sheets showing pole locations, conduit locations, pull / splice box locations, and meter locations are required. For Street Lighting submittals, provide luminaire cutsheets showing compliance with Table 1. New Construction Lighting Design Guidance and Section XIII. Streetlight Luminaires, For Pedestrian Lighting submittals, provide a Photometric Plan for new installations showing compliance with Table 3. Pedestrian Lighting Guidance. Also provide luminaire cutsheets showing compliance with Section XIV. Pedestrian Luminaires. For Pathway Lighting submittals, provide luminaire cutsheets showing compliance with Section XII.J. Lighting Design Criteria – Pathway Lighting, and Section XV. Pathway Luminaires. Details of point of service, lighting control center, electrical one-line diagrams, pole foundations, poles, and luminaires are required. Prior to construction, submit shop drawings (cut sheets) for all material and equipment. Lighting calculations showing roadway luminance, intersection illuminance, sidewalk illuminance, and light trespass. Luminaire Manufacturer & Catalog Number Principal Arterial Minor Arterial Collector Local (Commercial, Institutional) Adjacent Land Use Commercial, Institutional Residentail, Industrial, Rural Luminaire Characteristics Initial Luminaire Lumen Output = System Wattage =Luminaire Efficacy (lm/W) = Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) Color Rendering Index (CRI) BUG Rating (per IES TM-15) Backlight = Uplight = Glare = IES Photometric Data in .ies Format Yes No Other LED Retrofit Luminaire Yes No 0-10V Dimmable Driver Yes No Field Dimmable Yes No Exterior Label (per ANSI C136.15) & Interior Label (per ANSI C136.22) Yes No Tool-Less Entry Yes No Luminaire Housing Finish Rated Life (IES TM-21) Ambient Temperature Range Minimum Temperature= Maximum Temperature= Vibration Rating (ANSI C136.31) UL Listing Wet Location Damp Location IP Rating = Passive Cooling System Yes No LED Compatible 7-pin Receptacle (ANSI C136.41) Yes No Control Module Internal Wiring and Quick Disconnects Operating Voltage Voltage = Power Factor Total Harmonic Distortion Surge Protection (IEEE C62.41.2) Warranty Period Warranty Start Date Other Submittals = = = = Frequency (Hz) = = = = = Roadway Luminaire Submittal Form = Street Classification = = = = Local (Residentail, Industrial, Rural) Luminaire Manufacturer & Catalog Number Adjacent Land Use Commercial, Institutional Residentail, Industrial, Rural Path or Sidewalk Lighting Path Sidewalk Luminaire Characteristics Initial Luminaire Lumen Output = System Wattage =Luminaire Efficacy (lm/W) = Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) Color Rendering Index (CRI) BUG Rating (per IES TM-15) Backlight = Uplight = Glare = IES Photometric Data in .ies Format Yes No Other 0-10V Dimmable Driver Yes No Field Dimmable Yes No LED Retrofit Luminaire Yes No Exterior Label (per ANSI C136.15) & Interior Label (per ANSI C136.22) Yes No Luminaire Housing Finish Rated Life (IES TM-21) Ambient Temperature Range Minimum Temperature= Maximum Temperature= Vibration Rating (ANSI C136.31) UL Listing Wet Location Damp Location IP Rating = LED Compatible 7-pin Receptacle (ANSI C136.41) Yes No Control Module Internal Wiring and Quick Disconnects Operating Voltage Voltage = Power Factor Total Harmonic Distortion Warranty Period Warranty Start Date Other Submittals = = = = Frequency (Hz) = = = = = = = = Pedestrian Luminaire Submittal Form = BREAKAWAY BOLT COUPLING (ONE OF FOUR) BOLT COVER 3/4" BEVEL ON ALL EXPOSED EDGES TYPICAL BREAKAWAY BASE DETAIL LIGHT STANDARD FOUNDATION FOR USE WITHING CLEAR ZONE OR UNPROTECTED INSTALLATIONS. ANCHOR BOLT SPACING VARIES 1-1/2" PVC CONDUIT STUB 2'-0" (MIN.)2'-0" (MIN.)6" ANCHOR BASE HAND HOLE AND COVER. LOCATE GROUND LUG OPPOSITE HAND HOLE AND AT SAME LEVEL ANCHOR BOLT HARDWARE AND TORQUE PER MANUFACTURER SPECIFICATIONS. SPACE CONFORMING TO MANUFACTURER RECOMMENDATIONS 1" MAXIMUM 7"6" 4" BREAKAWAY, WATERPROOF, IN-LINE FUSE HOLDER AND FUSE FOR EACH HOT AND A BREAKAWAY, WATERPROOF CONNECTOR ON NEUTRAL (IF REQUIRED) 24"-30" ℄ BOND ONE #6 SOFT DRAWN BARE COPPER GROUND WIRE AT GROUNDING LUG IN HAND HOLE AND EXOTHERMIC WELD TO GROUND ROD IN PULL BOX. NOTES 1.LIGHT STANDARD FOUNDATIONS MAY BE PRECAST CONCRETE OR CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE. 2.ALL CONDUCTORS SHALL BE SIZED IN CONFORMANCE WITH N.E.C. REQUIREMENTS IMSA 19-1 3 CONDUCTOR #14 AWG MINIMUM NUT COVERS Scale: Date: CITY OF BOZEMAN STANDARD DRAWING FIGURE 14TYPICAL POLE BASE STANDARD DETAILS N.T.S. 2020-04-07 Page 1 City of Bozeman – Street Lighting Method of Measurement Introduction Street lighting luminance measurements are best taken on nights with clear skies, dry pavement and in areas with little to no light contribution from adjacent properties. Preliminary luminance measurements may be taken using OpticaLight, a luminance photo-mapping application on an iPad or iPhone. The recommended distance for taking luminance measurements with the OpticaLight App is 20-ft to 30-ft from the measurement point. The technician performing the luminance measurements shall complete the Street Lighting Measurement Form to record the measured street luminance values and the factors that may affect the lighting measurements. If the measurements from OpticaLight result in an average luminance that is below the acceptable tolerance from the luminance criteria, luminance measurements shall be re-taken using a calibrated luminance meter with a 1-degree or 1/3-degree measuring angle and +/- 2% accuracy. Street Lighting Method of Measurement 1. Intent: There are many factors that can lead to differences between calculated street luminance and street luminance measured in the field. The intent of this report is to provide guidance for City of Bozeman field technicians to measure the luminance of street lighting installations to compare with luminance criteria. By first understanding the many factors that affect street luminance conditions and differences with calculated street luminance, technicians will be able to: a. Determine which factors can be avoided by following these recommended methods; b. Understand which factors can be accounted for and considered as reasonable variations; and c. Identify which factors may need further investigation to troubleshoot any issues that need to be addressed in order to bring a non-compliant street lighting installation into compliance. 2. Measured vs. Calculated Street Luminance: The following factors affect the measurement of street luminance to some degree. Some factors can have a significant impact on the luminance and perceived brightness of the street surface, while other factors have a minimal effect. a. Pavement Conditions: The street surface material, age and condition affects the reflectance, and therefore, the luminance and perceived brightness of the street surface. i. Type of Pavement: The Illuminating Engineering Society’s Recommended Practice for Roadway Lighting (RP-8-14) defines four pavement types (R1 – R4) that have different reflectance properties. The most common pavement types used within the United States are types R1 (typical concrete) and R3 (typical asphalt). 1. R1: Mostly diffuse reflectance properties characteristic of Portland cement or asphalt surface with a minimum of 15% of the aggregates composed of artificial brightener aggregates. City of Bozeman Street Lighting Method of Measurement Page 2 2. R2: A combination of diffuse and specular reflectance characteristics of asphalt surfaces with aggregate composed of a minimum of 60% gravel of size greater than 10 mm. Also asphalt surfaces composed of 10% - 15% artificial brightener in aggregate mix. 3. R3: Slightly specular reflectance typical of asphalt surfaces with dark aggregates, rough texture and some months of use. This surface is common in the United States. 4. R4: Mostly specular surface typical of very smooth asphalt texture. ii. Age of Pavement: As pavement ages, the reflectance properties also change, particularly with asphalt pavement. Pavement reflectance can be measured using a standard 18% reflectance photo-gray card. 1. Concrete (type R1): The reflectance properties of concrete pavement are much more stable throughout the life of the pavement than asphalt. 2. Asphalt (type R3): Fresh, newly laid asphalt is very dark. Over a period of 6 - 12 months from laying new asphalt, the pavement lightens and eventually stabilizes to be a more consistent reflectance. When measuring luminance of an asphalt street, the pavement reflectance should be measured by comparing the luminance of a standard 18% reflectance photo-gray card with the luminance of the pavement, using the following equation: 𝑅𝑅𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝= 𝐿𝐿𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 × 𝑅𝑅𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔𝑐𝑐𝐿𝐿𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔𝑐𝑐 𝑅𝑅𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝=𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑜𝑜𝑅𝑅 𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔𝑐𝑐=𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑜𝑜𝑅𝑅 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝑅𝑅𝐺𝐺 𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅𝐺𝐺𝐶𝐶=0.18 𝐿𝐿𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝=𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑃𝑃𝐿𝐿𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑜𝑜𝑅𝑅 𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅𝑃𝑃𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝐿𝐿𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝𝑔𝑔𝑐𝑐=𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑃𝑃𝐿𝐿𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑜𝑜𝑅𝑅 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝑅𝑅𝐺𝐺 𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅𝐺𝐺𝐶𝐶 When measuring the pavement reflectance, the measurement of the pavement luminance and gray card luminance should be taken with the meter aimed at the same point, moving the photo-gray card instead of moving the meter. Moving the meter to aim at a different point may result in a different light level at the two points, introducing error into this measurement. iii. Wet Pavement: When pavement is wet, the street surface becomes more specular, affecting the reflectance and luminance of the street. Luminance measurements should not be taken when the pavement is wet. iv. Snow: When there is snow on the street, luminance and brightness of the street is significantly increased. Luminance measurements should not be taken when there is snow on the streets. City of Bozeman Street Lighting Method of Measurement Page 3 b. Atmospheric Conditions: i. Ambient Temperature: At higher ambient temperatures, electronic components operate at a lower efficiency, resulting in a reduction in lumen output from LEDs. At lower ambient temperatures, the electronic components operate at a higher efficiency, increasing the lumen output from LEDs. The effect of temperature will vary depending on the luminaire’s thermal management design. ii. Cloudy Sky: Clouds increase the reflection of light pollution back to the ground. Particularly when the ground is covered with snow and the sky is overcast, there is more light contribution from sky glow than under clear sky conditions. Under cloudy sky conditions, luminance measurement shall be taken both with lights off and lights on to determine the contribution from reflected sky glow. iii. Humidity and Airborne Particulates: In high humidity or poor air quality conditions, more light is scattered in the air before reaching the roadway surface. If the effect of light scattering in the air is visible, luminance measurements should not be taken. c. Ambient Lighting Conditions: i. Twilight: After sunset and before sunrise, is the period of twilight when the skylight fades into darkness. Twilight has three stages, civil twilight, nautical twilight and astronomic twilight. Street lighting measurements shall not be taken until Nautical Twilight to eliminate light contribution from the sky. Nautical Twilight can be determined using the Sunrise Sunset Calendar website: http://www.sunrisesunset.com/USA/Montana.asp 1. Civil Twilight: During civil twilight, electric lighting is not needed to clearly distinguish terrestrial objects. During clear evening's civil twilight, horizontal illuminance decreases from approximately 45 footcandles to 0.2 footcandles. 2. Nautical Twilight: During nautical twilight, the horizon is still clearly distinguishable. During a clear evening's nautical twilight, horizontal illuminance decreases from approximately 0.2 footcandles to 0.0008 footcandles. 3. Astronomical Twilight: By the end of astronomical twilight, the sky is dark enough for all astronomical observations. ii. Moonlight: On a clear night, full moonlight produces 0.01 footcandles, and a quarter moon produces 0.001 footcandles. The contribution, even from full Excerpt from the Sunrise Sunset Calendar website City of Bozeman Street Lighting Method of Measurement Page 4 moonlight, is generally not enough to effect the lighting measurement. However, technicians should note the phase of the moon and moonrise in the luminance measurement report. If measurements are taken during a full moon, the technician may also take luminance measurements with the lights turned off to establish the contribution from moonlight. iii. Light Spill from Adjacent Properties: Light contribution from adjacent properties may be significant, and should be accounted for by technicians when measuring street luminance. At sites where light spill from adjacent properties may affect street luminance measurements, technicians should measure the street luminance both with the streetlights turned off, and again with streetlights turned on. d. Electrical / Utility Conditions: Voltage supplied can affect the lumen output of a luminaire. Lower voltage may result in reduced lumen output and higher voltage may result in increased lumen output. Some variation in voltage is expected, but should not exceed +/- 5% from the design voltage at the luminaire. The following factors may affect the voltage supplied to a luminaire: i. Wire Sizing: Voltage drop occurs over distance of electrical wiring, and is a function of the wire type, wire size, length of wire, ampacity of the electrical load and the supply voltage. Larger gauge wire has less voltage drop per linear foot than smaller gauge wire. For LED street lighting retrofit projects, the electrical load is most often being reduced from the original load. Since the existing wire was engineered for a higher load, it is typically over-sized for the new lower LED loads and voltage drop is not usually a concern. ii. Wire Type: Copper wire has the best conductivity and longevity, maintaining its conductivity over time. Aluminum wire is more susceptible to corrosion and thermal expansion and contraction, which can affect the wiring connections and conductivity over time. In older street lighting installations, the age of the wiring may contribute to inadequate operating conditions. iii. Conduit Type: For in-grade electrical wiring installations, PVC and HDPE conduit provides the best long-term protection of the wiring. While most new street lighting installations use these conduit types, some older street lighting may have been installed with galvanized rigid conduit (GRC) or even with direct bury cable (DBC) with no conduit protection. GRC and DBC installations can corrode or degrade over time, reducing the functional life of the wiring, which may contribute to inadequate operating conditions. iv. Utility Supply Voltage: Voltage supplied by the utility to the Lighting Control Center may vary from the design voltage. If the voltage at the Lighting Control Center is more than 2% below the design voltage, the City should contact the electrical utility to help determine the cause. City of Bozeman Street Lighting Method of Measurement Page 5 e. Luminaire Manufacturing i. Manufacturing Quality: Optics and light output may vary between the sample luminaire that was used to create the photometry used in the lighting calculations and the actual luminaires installed in the field. While normal tolerances in the manufacturing process should be expected, the quality of manufacturing process may result in unacceptable variation from the specifications. ii. Luminaire Specifications: Luminaires have multiple options for different optical distributions and lumen outputs. If the installed luminaires do not match the specified and calculated luminaires, the measured light levels may vary significantly from designed levels. iii. Thermal Management: Heat from LEDs is emitted back through the circuit board that the LED is mounted to. If this heat is not adequately dispersed away from the circuit board, and the LEDs overheat, the light output degrades much faster. iv. LED Driver: The LED driver regulates the electrical voltage and current that is delivered to the LEDs. The electrical current is typically expressed in milliamps (mA). LEDs can be driven at multiple drive currents, with lower drive currents emitting less light and higher drive currents emitting more light. If the light output is too low, a higher drive current will increase the light output of the luminaire. Some drivers are designed with field selectable drive current that may be set to a higher drive current without replacing the driver. f. Measuring Equipment i. Calibrated Luminance Meter: Calibrated luminance meters like the Konica Minolta LS-110 or LS-160 provide high accuracy luminance measurements at low light levels that are typical in street lighting applications. Luminance values can be measured at any distance. ii. OpticaLight iPhone/iPad Application: The OpticaLight iPhone/iPad application provides a less expensive option for measuring luminance. Luminance measurement from this application tend to be lower than the LS-110 luminance meter by 15% - 20% on average. The accuracy improves when measurements are taken at a distance of 20-ft to 30-ft from the measurement point. When there is high contrast, measurements may need to be taken at a closer range to reduce the area within the view, thereby reducing the contrast within the view. g. Construction i. Light Pole Locations: As-built light pole locations may vary from designed locations to avoid conflicts that were unforeseen during the design phases. Light pole locations that vary significantly from the design may adversely impact the measured light levels on the street. City of Bozeman Street Lighting Method of Measurement Page 6 ii. Light Pole Geometry: The pole height and mast arm length should match the design specifications. Variations in height or location of the luminaire may affect the measured light levels on the street. iii. Luminaire Orientation & Positioning: Luminaires may be installed with a tilt or twist, resulting in the luminaire not being level, changing the light distribution from the intended design. h. Light Loss Factors Roadway lighting calculations are performed using light loss factors that reduce the lumen output of luminaires to ensure that adequate luminance is provided through the life of the lighting system as the light source ages and dirt accumulates on the luminaire. A lighting calculation using light loss factors results in the “maintained luminance” of the street. When a new lighting installation is being measured, these light loss factors should be close to 1.0, resulting in “initial luminance” of the street. i. Lamp Lumen Depreciation (LLD): For maintained lighting calculations, the Lamp Lumen Depreciation (LLD) factor for LED luminaires shall be 0.9. ii. Luminaire Dirt Depreciation (LDD): For maintained lighting calculations, the Luminaire Dirt Depreciation (LDD) factor for LED luminaires shall be 0.9. iii. Total Light Loss Factor (LLF): Multiplying the LLD(0.9) x LDD(0.9) results in a total Light Loss Factor (LLF) of 0.81. City of Bozeman Street Lighting Method of Measurement Page 7 References European Road Lighting Technologies - Luminance Design and Pavement Reflection Factors http://international.fhwa.dot.gov/euroroadlighting/04.cfm “Furthermore, results of studies have shown that, in the case of porous asphalts, it typically takes between 6 months and a year for the pavement to stabilize in order to obtain reliable R-values.” “In an additional conversation with Werner Riemenschneider, however, he clarified that after the pavement had aged for 6 to 12 months, the Swiss typically found that the measured average values were within 15 percent of the average design value, usually on the high side.” “In the good cases the Belgians noted discrepancies of less than 10 percent, when comparing measured luminance levels against calculated levels for pavements, where the reflection characteristics have been determined.” “In Switzerland, experts emphasized the importance of dry roadways when conducting field measurements. There are, however, only a couple of summer months during which pavements are dry enough to be measured. In addition, the team heard warnings about dew points and pavement ages. It was noted that, during observations in cold weather (typically October through December), with a clear sky, when conditions were under the dew point, a water film could suddenly appear on the roadway. This film could provide a reflectance differential of 200 percent. Given these difficulties and variations in pavement reflection characteristics, the Swiss typically verify lighting installations with incident light measurements.” PNNL – Lumen Maintenance and Light Loss Factors http://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-22727.pdf Twilight Envelope (3.2 lux) as a Visibility Criterion http://www.visualexpert.com/Resources/twilightcriterion.html During civil twilight, approximately the first half hour after sunset, ground illuminance in good weather declines by a factor of about 100, from roughly 330 lux to 3.2 lux. American Meteorological Society Civil Twilight: http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Civil_twilight During a clear evening's civil twilight, horizontal illuminance decreases from ∼585–410 lux to ∼3.5–2 lux. Nautical Twilight: http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Nautical_twilight During a clear evening's nautical twilight, horizontal illuminance decreases from ∼3.5–2 lux to ∼0.008 lux. Astronomical Twilight: http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Astronomical_twilight During a clear evening's astronomical twilight, horizontal illuminance due to scattered sunlight decreases from ∼0.008 lux to ∼6 × 10-4 lux. Sunrise/Sunset Calendar http://www.sunrisesunset.com/USA/Montana.asp This website provides calendars with sunrise/sunset information for specific locations, with appropriate adjustments for latitude, longitude and time zone. Information display options include City of Bozeman Street Lighting Method of Measurement Page 8 sunrise, sunset, moon phase, moonrise, moonset, civil twilight, nautical twilight and astronomical twilight. City of Bozeman – Street Lighting Method of Measurement Step-by-Step Street Luminance Measurement Method 1. Schedule and Prepare for Site Visit: a. Determine Measurement Start Time: Street lighting measurements shall not be taken until Nautical Twilight to eliminate light contribution from the sky. Nautical Twilight can be determined using the Sunrise Sunset Calendar website: http://www.sunrisesunset.com/USA/Montana.asp b. Arrange Traffic Control (if necessary) c. Resources & Equipment Needed i. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 1. High Visibility Vest 2. High Visibility Pants or Gators 3. Hard Hat ii. Measuring Wheel or 200-ft Measuring Tape iii. Luminance Measurement Equipment 1. iPad/iPhone with OpticaLight App, or 2. Calibrated Luminance Meter iv. Photo-gray Card to measure pavement reflectance v. Camera vi. Street Lighting Measurement Form (Excel Spreadsheet) to record conditions taken in steps 2-4 below. 2. Record Field Conditions: a. Pavement Type (Concrete, Asphalt-New, or Asphalt-Aged) b. Pavement Conditions (dry, wet, or snow packed): Only measure when pavement is dry c. Sky Conditions (clear, partly cloudy, overcast) d. Light spill from adjacent properties 3. Layout & Mark Measurement Points: a. Locate points in the center of each lane spaced at 1/4 of the street light pole spacing 4. Measured and Record Street Luminance: a. Select Luminance Measurement Equipment (OpticaLight or Calibrated Luminance Meter) b. Measure Pavement Reflectance i. Measure Gray Card Luminance ii. Measure Pavement Luminance at same location c. Measure Street Lighting Luminance i. With OpticaLight, luminance measurements should be taken 20-ft to 30-ft away for most accurate readings. d. Measure Ambient Luminance (only required if there is significant contribution of light from adjacent sites) One Lane Measurement Grid Two Lane Measurement Grid Single Luminaire Measurement Grid Optica Light App Konica Minolta % Difference 0.57 1.07 47% 0.31 0.44 30% 1.7 1.9 11% 1.8 1.97 9% 2.4 2.9 17% 0.65 0.86 24% 0.48 0.7 31% Low 0.49 1.13 1.29 24% Distant Measurements Optica Light App Konica Minolta % Difference 1.6 1.88 15% 6.1 6.9 12% 2.1 2.4 13% 0.33 0.44 25% 0.51 0.67 24% 0.32 0.39 18% 0.66 0.69 4% 0.41 0.43 5% 0.33 0.38 13% 1.5 1.55 3% 5.7 6 5% 0.13 0.2 35% 0.04 0.05 20% 1.52 1.69 15% Near Measurements City of Bozeman –Street Lighting Luminance Method of Measurement The City of Bozeman Street Lighting Standards are based on roadway luminance criteria. Luminance is the intensity of light per unit area that is emitted from a surface in a given direction, expressed as candela per square meter (cd/m2).The luminance of the roadway surface is the light reflected off of the pavement toward a driver.Accurate luminance measurements require a calibrated luminance meter with a 1/3 –degree measuring angle and +/-2%accuracy.Konica Minolta produces very high quality luminance meters the LS-160 is the current model offered by Konica Minolta (http://sensing.konicaminolta.us/products/ls-160-luminance-meter/),and the Konica Minolta LS-110 can be rented from Advanced Test Equipment Rentals (http://www.atecorp.com/products/minolta/ls-110.aspx). For preliminary testing,there is a photographic luminance mapping application from OpticaLight (website)for iPad and iPhone (https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/opticalight- candela/id1086540410?mt=8).The OpticaLight App was tested and compared to measurements from a calibrated Konica Minolta LS-110 luminance meter.The accuracy of the OpticaLight App was found to be more accurate for measurements that were taken at close range (20ft to 30ft), and less accurate for more distant measurements. Konica Minolta LS-160 Luminance Meter OpticaLight Photo Luminance Mapping App OpticaLight App vs. Konica Minolta LS-110 Luminance Meter 1/4 SP 1/4 SP Luminance Measurement Grid 1/4 SP 1/4 SP One-Lane Measurement Grid Two-Lane Measurement Grid Luminance Measurement Grid 1 x Mounting Height (MH) 1 x MH 1 x MH Single Luminaire Measurement Grid City of Bozeman –Street Lighting Luminance Method of Measurement OpticaLight Application Luminance Mapped Images City of Bozeman –Street Lighting Luminance Method of Measurement OpticaLight Application Luminance Mapped Images City of Bozeman –Street Lighting Luminance Method of Measurement OpticaLight Application Luminance Mapped Images City of Bozeman –Street Lighting Luminance Method of Measurement OpticaLight Application Luminance Mapped Images City of Bozeman –Street Lighting Luminance Method of Measurement OpticaLight Application Luminance Mapped Images City of Bozeman –Street Lighting Luminance Method of Measurement OpticaLight Application Luminance Mapped Images City of Bozeman –Street Lighting Luminance Method of Measurement OpticaLight Application Luminance Mapped Images