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HomeMy WebLinkAbout11-17-20 City Commission Packet Materials - WS1. Climate Plan Work Session 2 Commission Memorandum 1 REPORT TO: Honorable Mayor and City Commission FROM: Natalie Meyer, Sustainability Program Manager Jon Henderson, Strategic Services Director SUBJECT: Bozeman Climate Plan Work Session #2. MEETING DATE: November 17, 2020 AGENDA ITEM TYPE: Work Session. RECOMMENDATION: Consider the draft Bozeman Climate Plan. Question, comment, and revise content as appropriate, receive public input and comment, and direct staff to return to the Commission with the final version of the Bozeman Climate Plan for discussion and formal adoption. STRATEGIC PLAN: 6.3.a – Update the Climate Action Plan. BACKGROUND: The draft Bozeman Climate Plan includes ambitious goals which are necessary to address the impacts of climate change. It will be critical to avoid significant costs associated with inaction. Projected costs of energy use including social impacts are estimated to be $407M community-wide by 2050 (compared to $120M in 2016). Furthermore, on November 27, 2017 the City Commission adopted Resolution 4866 upholding the Paris Climate Agreement. This effort honors a commitment to limit the effects of climate change and build a resilient future. Sixty-four action items support sixteen solutions within six focus areas to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 along with resiliency goals that help the community adapt to adversity. Many of the recommendations will require significant commitment from the City, its partners, local businesses, and residents. On September 22, 2020, the City Commission conducted a Work Session to receive an overview of the draft plan and provide input needed to ensure effective citizen engagement moving forward. Many public outreach events have since occurred, along with significant feedback from the community. Work Session #2 will focus on summarizing public comment, considering recommendations for revisions, and establishing a path towards final adoption. Community Survey A community survey was conducted to help prioritize actions and solutions, along with capturing additional ideas and comments for consideration. Ninety-seven responses were received from 277 2 October 1, 2020 – October 25, 2020. All data, including individual anonymous comments can be found within Attachment A. Overall, the survey demonstrated broad support for all six focus areas, with 80% of respondents “Very concerned” about climate change. Some highlights include:  Biggest concerns related to climate change: o More frequent and intense drought o Decline in volume of mountain snowpack o More extensive, frequent, and intense wildfire and poor air quality  Most popular actions currently taken to reduce emissions: o Conserve energy and water at home o Avoid disposable products and strive for less waste o Buy local food when possible  Most significant barriers to reducing greenhouse gas emissions: o Availability of alternatives o Convenience o Cost Public Events & Meetings A number of events and meetings open to the public were conducted since the last Commission Work Session. Valuable input was received from a wide variety of stakeholders and community members. Additional group meetings are anticipated within the next several weeks including the Bozeman Area Chamber of Commerce and the Bozeman Business and Professional Women. • Bozeman Planning Board (8/17/20) • Community Workshop #2 (see Attachment B for summary) (10/01/20) • 2040 Film Screening and Panel Discussion (323 attendees) (10/5/20) • Focused Community Workshops o Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Workshop (10/8/20) o Neighborhoods & Transportation (10/15/20) o Waste, Greenspace, Food Systems, & Natural Environment (10/20/20) • Bozeman Climate Partners Working Group (9/24/20 & 10/22/20) • Inter Neighborhood Council (10/8/20) • Bozeman Parking Commission (10/8/20) • MSU Campus Sustainability Advisory Council (10/15/20) • Bozeman Design Professionals (10/20/20) • SWMT Community Organizations Active in Disaster (10/21/20) • Affordable Housing Brown Bag Event (10/28/20) • MSU Energy Engineering Classes (ECHM 405 and ECHM 205) (10/29/20) Individual Conversations: • Greg Findley (Sierra Club) (10/07/20) • Kristen Walser (Citizens Climate Lobby) (10/08/20) 278 3 • Kathy Powell (University Neighborhood Association) (10/08/20) • Matt Thompson (Ameresco) (10/09/20) • Karin Kirk (Bridger Bowl) (10/09/20) • Mark Chavez (Climate Justice Alliance) (10/15/20) • Kelly Pohl (Parking Commission) (10/19/20) • Susan Bilo (interested citizen) (10/23/20) • Paul Neubauer (Parking Commission) (10/19/20 & 10/26/20) • Andrew Valainis (Montana Renewable Energy Association) (10/27/20) • Jennifer & Will Swearingen (MEIC/Sierra Club/Northern Plains members) (10/27/20) • Jerry DiMarco (interested citizen) (10/29/20) • Anne Hedges (MEIC) (10/12/20, 11/02/20, & 11/12/20) • Summer Nelson & Greg Findley (Sierra Club) (11/05/20) • Rae Birdhat (Montana Racial Equity Project) (11/12/20) Internal Presentations: • Economic Development Department (9/25/20) • Executive Leadership Team (10/14/20) • Community Housing Division (10/16/20) • Community Development Department (10/23/20) • Strategic Services Department (10/28/20) • Technical Operating Coordinating Committee (11/6/20) Public Comment While the majority of comments are in support of the draft plan, there are a number of comments in opposition. Opponents are concerned about government overreach, higher taxes, growth, and the City’s reliance on NorthWestern Energy (among other issues). This input was used to inform a number of suggested revisions. All written public comment can be accessed through the City’s document management system. Proposed Revisions Proposed revisions are broken down into three categories. Major revisions represent fundamental issues that received the majority of public comment and require further consideration. Minor revisions describe suggested modifications with broad consensus, while procedural revisions are largely technical and operational recommendations made by staff to further improve the final plan. Major (review Attachment C for a thorough description of comments received, staff response, and specific recommendations): 1) Strengthen the City’s commitment to relying on data-driven decisions while reinforcing the need for NorthWestern Energy to take a more aggressive approach to additional renewable resources. 279 4 2) Update and clarify details for a subscriber-based green tariff to emphasize opportunities for clean energy options for some customers including “additionality” of new clean energy generation. 3) Clearly define utility-scale pathways to achieve 100% net clean electricity with statewide legislation. 4) Amplify the need for sustainable funding for safe bike and pedestrian infrastructure to increase options for mobility choices. 5) Highlight the role of local food in building community resilience and expand actions to address affordability and access. Minor (review Attachment E for a list of all proposed minor revisions by chapter): Procedural: 1) Add a reference in the Implementation Plan (pg. 158) to operationalize sustainability efforts into city processes and operations at the direction of the City Manager. Some examples may include: a. Adding a climate change impacts section to all Commission Memos. b. Including climate change impacts in Capital and Operating budget requests. c. Designating a member of the Sustainability Division to participate in the Development Review Committee. 2) Enhance the need for effective partnerships throughout the plan to reinforce the value of a coordinated effort. 3) Include legal disclaimers in relevant areas to acknowledge future work needed to address due diligence before implementing significant policy changes. 4) Consolidate redundancies throughout the plan to clean up fragmented language and eliminate repetitive text. Next Steps Final revisions will be made following direction of the City Commission. An additional public comment period will be held from December 2, 2020 – December 21, 2020. Final adoption is tentatively scheduled before the City Commission on December 22, 2020. UNRESOLVED ISSUES: None. FISCAL EFFECTS: Fiscal impacts of the Climate Plan will be determined during the annual budget setting process. Budget needs may be significant depending on objectives identified to accomplish intended targets. Attachments: Community Survey Responses Community Forum #2 Summary Proposed Major Revisions Sensitivity Analysis Memo Proposed Minor Revisions Report compiled on: 11/09/20 280 1 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey Question Template (10/1/20-10/25/20) 1)Are you a City of Bozeman resident? (Yes/No) 2)How familiar are you with current City of Bozeman efforts to address climate change? (Not familiar, Somewhat familiar, Very familiar) 3)How satisfied are you with Bozeman’s response to climate change? (sliding scales with Don’t know, Not satisfied, Somewhat satisfied, Very satisfied. If no sliding scales, use multi-choice.) 4)How concerned are you about climate change? a.Very concerned b.Somewhat concerned c.Not concerned d.Don’t know 5)Which climate change impacts are you most concerned about for yourself and the Bozeman community? (sliding scale or grid table with very concerned, somewhat concerned, not concerned, don’t know) a.More frequent and intense extreme heat b.More severe floods c.More frequent and intense drought d.Decline in volume of mountain snowpack e.More extensive, frequent, and intense wildfire and poor air quality f.More severe winter storms g.Population growth driven by climate migration h.Other (please specify) 6)What actions do you regularly take to reduce your greenhouse gas emissions? Check all that apply. a.Conserve energy and water at home b.Minimize air travel c.Take public transit regularly d.Walk or bike regularly instead of drive e.Have solar electricity f.Have solar hot water g.Have geothermal or air source heat pumps for heating/cooling h.Drive a fuel efficient vehicle (like a hybrid or electric vehicle) i.Shop from second-hand or consignment stores for clothes and goods j.Compost food and yard waste k.Avoid disposable products and strive for less waste l.Buy local food when possible m.Other (please specify) 7)How likely are you to engage in the following to support climate action (sliding scale with Not likely, Maybe, Likely, Very likely) a.Vote b.Engage in local, state, and federal policy issues c.Volunteer on a service project d.Pay a small premium for more clean energy or transit e.Other (please specify) Attachment A 281 2 8) What are the most significant barriers to reducing your greenhouse gas emissions? a. Access to reliable information b. Community resources and support c. Availability of alternatives d. Convenience e. Cost f. Other (please specify) 9) Residential and commercial buildings generated 57% of Bozeman’s greenhouse gas emissions. Which of the following do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize in the next five years? (sliding scales with “Do not implement” to “Neutral” to “Most important”) a. Use development incentives to encourage energy efficiency and renewable energy b. Require large commercial buildings to disclose annual energy use c. Require a Home Energy Rating at the point of sale for all homes to build consumer awareness d. Promote building electrification policies to reduce reliance on fossil fuels e. Leverage partnerships to develop opportunities to purchase Montana clean energy through the electric utility f. Study the economics and policy options available in Montana to achieve 100 percent net clean energy g. Expand local renewable energy generation and energy storage h. Consider requiring “solar-ready” new construction to reduce the cost of future solar installations i. Support state and national policies that would place a fee on fossil fuels and/or eliminate fossil fuel subsidies, including support for just transition initiatives for workers 10) Are there any other actions the City should consider to address building energy efficiency and renewable energy? (optional) 11) Which of the following actions do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize over the next five years to promote walking, biking, transit, and resilient neighborhoods? (sliding scales with “Do not i mplement” to “Neutral” to “Most important”) a. Further advance context appropriate compact development and resilience in the development code b. Encourage land use planning that reduces the distance people have to travel by car c. Increase awareness of local climate related risks and emergency preparedness strategies 12) Are there any other actions the City should consider to address building energy efficiency and renewable energy? (optional) 13) 38% of Bozeman’s greenhouse gas emissions come from transportation. Which of the following actions do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize in the next five years? (sliding scale of “Do not implement” to “Neutral” to “Most important”) a. Increase investment in pedestrian and bicycle connections and network b. Pursue sustainable transit funding and expanded service c. Use parking policy to encourage biking, walking, and transit d. Plan and invest in electric vehicle charging infrastructure e. Encourage the transition to electric vehicles and other efficient, low-carbon vehicle technologies f. Support regional transit service coordination 282 3 14) Are there other solutions that the City should consider to address transportation emissions? (optional) 15) Reducing waste and keeping resources in use as long as possible has far-reaching climate and environmental benefits that extend beyond our local landfill. Which of the following actions do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize in the next five years? a. Enhance opportunities for efficient recycling and hazardous waste disposal b. Expand food and yard waste composting services c. Help develop local capacity and markets for recycled materials d. Promote construction waste diversion 16) Are there other solutions that the City should consider to address transportation emissions? 17) Regenerative greenspace, food systems, and preservation of the natural environment can help improve local climate resiliency and sequester carbon. Which of the following actions do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize in the next five years? (sliding scale of “Do not implement” to “Neutral” to “Most important”) a. Support the local food system as a climate resilience strategy b. Expand water conservation education and incentives c. Require new development to offset projected water demand through water conservation projects d. Protect local wetlands for flood resilience and water quality e. Maintain and expand the urban forest f. Expand outreach on water pollution prevention and carbon sequestration strategies g. Enhance greenspace and carbon sequestration for new development 18) Are there other solutions that the City should consider to address greenspace, food systems, and the natural environment? 19) Do you have any other comments about the Bozeman Climate Plan? 283 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 1 / 54 93.81%91 6.19%6 Q1 Are you a City of Bozeman resident? Answered: 97 Skipped: 0 TOTAL 97 Yes No 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Yes No 284 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 2 / 54 19.15%18 56.38%53 24.47%23 Q2 How familiar are you with current City of Bozeman efforts to address climate change? Answered: 94 Skipped: 3 TOTAL 94 Very familiar Somewhat familiar Not at all familiar 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Very familiar Somewhat familiar Not at all familiar 285 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 3 / 54 3 258 93 Q3 How satisfied are you with Bozeman's response to climate change? (Please drag the slider to the preferred position) Answered: 93 Skipped: 4 Total Respondents: 93 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 286 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 4 / 54 79.79%75 11.70%11 8.51%8 0.00%0 Q4 How concerned are you about climate change? Answered: 94 Skipped: 3 TOTAL 94 Very concerned Somewhat concerned Not concerned Don't know 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Very concerned Somewhat concerned Not concerned Don't know 287 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 5 / 54 4 355 93 Q5 Which climate change impacts are you most concerned about for yourself and the Bozeman community?a. More Frequent and intense extreme heat Answered: 93 Skipped: 4 Total Respondents: 93 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 288 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 6 / 54 3 263 94 Q6 b. More severe floods Answered: 94 Skipped: 3 Total Respondents: 94 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 289 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 7 / 54 4 398 94 Q7 c. More frequent and intense drought Answered: 94 Skipped: 3 Total Respondents: 94 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 290 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 8 / 54 4 417 94 Q8 d. Decline in volume of mountain snowpack Answered: 94 Skipped: 3 Total Respondents: 94 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 291 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 9 / 54 4 412 94 Q9 e. More extensive, frequent, and intense wildfire and poor air quality Answered: 94 Skipped: 3 Total Respondents: 94 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 292 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 10 / 54 3 256 91 Q10 f. More severe winter storms Answered: 91 Skipped: 6 Total Respondents: 91 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 293 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 11 / 54 Q11 h. Other (please specify) Answered: 29 Skipped: 68 294 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 12 / 54 Q12 What actions do you regularly take to reduce your greenhouse gas emissions? Check all that apply. Answered: 94 Skipped: 3 Conserve energy and... Minimize air travel Take public transit... Walk or bike regularly... Have solar electricity Have solar hot water Have geothermal o... Drive a fuel efficient... Shop from second-hand ... Compost food and yard waste Avoid disposable... Buy local food when possible Other (please specify) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 295 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 13 / 54 86.17%81 52.13%49 5.32%5 59.57%56 11.70%11 2.13%2 5.32%5 23.40%22 60.64%57 50.00%47 87.23%82 75.53%71 21.28%20 Total Respondents: 94 ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Conserve energy and water at home Minimize air travel Take public transit regularly Walk or bike regularly instead of drive Have solar electricity Have solar hot water Have geothermal or air source heat pumps for heating/cooling Drive a fuel efficient vehicle (like a hybrid or electric vehicle) Shop from second-hand or consignment stores for clothes and goods Compost food and yard waste Avoid disposable products and strive for less waste Buy local food when possible Other (please specify) 296 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 14 / 54 4 405 93 Q13 How likely are you to engage in the following to support climate action?a. Vote Answered: 93 Skipped: 4 Total Respondents: 93 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 297 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 15 / 54 4 355 92 Q14 b. Engage in local, state, and federal policy issues Answered: 92 Skipped: 5 Total Respondents: 92 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 298 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 16 / 54 4 321 91 Q15 c. Volunteer on a service project Answered: 91 Skipped: 6 Total Respondents: 91 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 299 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 17 / 54 4 347 92 Q16 d. Pay a small premium for more clean energy or transit Answered: 92 Skipped: 5 Total Respondents: 92 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 300 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 18 / 54 Q17 e. Other (please specify) Answered: 15 Skipped: 82 301 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 19 / 54 17.39%16 32.61%30 72.83%67 52.17%48 70.65%65 20.65%19 Q18 What are the most significant barriers to reducing your greenhouse gas emissions? Check all that apply. Answered: 92 Skipped: 5 Total Respondents: 92 Access to reliable... Community resources an... Availability of alternatives Convenience Cost Other (please specify) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Access to reliable information Community resources and support Availability of alternatives Convenience Cost Other (please specify) 302 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 20 / 54 4 365 88 Q19 Residential and commercial buildings generated 57% of Bozeman's greenhouse gas emissions. Which of the following do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize in the next five years?a. Use development incentives to encourage energy efficiency and renewable energy Answered: 88 Skipped: 9 Total Respondents: 88 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 303 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 21 / 54 4 337 89 Q20 b. Require large commercial buildings to disclose annual energy use Answered: 89 Skipped: 8 Total Respondents: 89 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 304 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 22 / 54 4 334 89 Q21 c. Require a Home Energy Rating at the point of sale for all homes to build consumer awareness Answered: 89 Skipped: 8 Total Respondents: 89 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 305 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 23 / 54 4 338 90 Q22 d. Promote building electrification policies to reduce reliance on fossil fuels Answered: 90 Skipped: 7 Total Respondents: 90 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 306 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 24 / 54 4 374 90 Q23 e. Leverage partnerships to develop opportunities to purchase Montana clean energy through the electric utility Answered: 90 Skipped: 7 Total Respondents: 90 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 307 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 25 / 54 4 353 88 Q24 f. Study the economics and policy options available in Montana to achieve 100 percent net clean energy Answered: 88 Skipped: 9 Total Respondents: 88 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 308 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 26 / 54 4 387 90 Q25 g. Expand local renewable energy generation and energy storage Answered: 90 Skipped: 7 Total Respondents: 90 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 309 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 27 / 54 4 340 89 Q26 h. Consider requiring “solar-ready” new construction to reduce the cost of future solar installations Answered: 89 Skipped: 8 Total Respondents: 89 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 310 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 28 / 54 4 341 87 Q27 i. Support state and national policies that would place a fee on fossil fuels and/or eliminate fossil fuel subsidies, including support for just transition initiatives for workers Answered: 87 Skipped: 10 Total Respondents: 87 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 311 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 29 / 54 Q28 Are there any other actions the City should consider to address building energy efficiency and renewable energy? (optional) Answered: 33 Skipped: 64 312 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 30 / 54 4 315 84 Q29 Which of the following actions do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize over the next five years to promote walking, biking, transit, and resilient neighborhoods?a. Further advance context appropriate compact development and resilience in the development code Answered: 84 Skipped: 13 Total Respondents: 84 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 313 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 31 / 54 4 358 86 Q30 b. Encourage land use planning that reduces the distance people have to travel by car Answered: 86 Skipped: 11 Total Respondents: 86 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 314 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 32 / 54 4 317 85 Q31 c. Increase awareness of local climate related risks and emergency preparedness strategies Answered: 85 Skipped: 12 Total Respondents: 85 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 315 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 33 / 54 Q32 Are there any other actions the City should consider to address walking, biking, transit, and resilient neighborhoods? (optional) Answered: 48 Skipped: 49 316 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 34 / 54 4 370 85 Q33 38% of Bozeman’s greenhouse gas emissions come from transportation. Which of the following actions do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize in the next five years?a. Increase investment in pedestrian and bicycle connections and network Answered: 85 Skipped: 12 Total Respondents: 85 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 317 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 35 / 54 4 327 86 Q34 b. Pursue sustainable transit funding and expanded service Answered: 86 Skipped: 11 Total Respondents: 86 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 318 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 36 / 54 3 295 85 Q35 c. Use parking policy to encourage biking, walking, and transit Answered: 85 Skipped: 12 Total Respondents: 85 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 319 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 37 / 54 3 290 86 Q36 d. Plan and invest in electric vehicle charging infrastructure Answered: 86 Skipped: 11 Total Respondents: 86 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 320 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 38 / 54 4 302 85 Q37 e. Encourage the transition to electric vehicles and other efficient, low-carbon vehicle technologies Answered: 85 Skipped: 12 Total Respondents: 85 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 321 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 39 / 54 4 334 84 Q38 f. Support regional transit service coordination Answered: 84 Skipped: 13 Total Respondents: 84 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 322 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 40 / 54 Q39 Are there other solutions that the City should consider to address transportation emissions? (optional) Answered: 27 Skipped: 70 323 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 41 / 54 4 365 83 Q40 Reducing waste and keeping resources in use as long as possible has far-reaching climate and environmental benefits that extend beyond our local landfill. Which of the following actions do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize in the next five years?a. Enhance opportunities for efficient recycling and hazardous waste disposal Answered: 83 Skipped: 14 Total Respondents: 83 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 324 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 42 / 54 4 378 86 Q41 b. Expand food and yard waste composting services Answered: 86 Skipped: 11 Total Respondents: 86 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 325 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 43 / 54 4 356 85 Q42 c. Help develop local capacity and markets for recycled materials Answered: 85 Skipped: 12 Total Respondents: 85 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 326 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 44 / 54 4 355 85 Q43 d. Promote construction waste diversion Answered: 85 Skipped: 12 Total Respondents: 85 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 327 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 45 / 54 Q44 Are there other solutions that the City should consider to address waste emissions? Answered: 27 Skipped: 70 328 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 46 / 54 4 347 82 Q45 Regenerative greenspace, food systems, and preservation of the natural environment can help improve local climate resiliency and sequester carbon. Which of the following actions do you think the City of Bozeman should prioritize in the next five years?a. Support the local food system as a climate resilience strategy Answered: 82 Skipped: 15 Total Respondents: 82 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 329 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 47 / 54 4 352 83 Q46 b. Expand water conservation education and incentives Answered: 83 Skipped: 14 Total Respondents: 83 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 330 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 48 / 54 4 360 83 Q47 c. Require new development to offset projected water demand through water conservation projects Answered: 83 Skipped: 14 Total Respondents: 83 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 331 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 49 / 54 5 382 84 Q48 d. Protect local wetlands for flood resilience and water quality Answered: 84 Skipped: 13 Total Respondents: 84 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 332 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 50 / 54 4 358 83 Q49 e. Maintain and expand the urban forest Answered: 83 Skipped: 14 Total Respondents: 83 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 333 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 51 / 54 4 322 82 Q50 f. Expand outreach on water pollution prevention and carbon sequestration strategies Answered: 82 Skipped: 15 Total Respondents: 82 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 334 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 52 / 54 4 343 83 Q51 g. Enhance greenspace and carbon sequestration for new development Answered: 83 Skipped: 14 Total Respondents: 83 0 1 2 3 4 5 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 335 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 53 / 54 Q52 Are there other solutions that the City should consider to address greenspace, food systems, and the natural environment? Answered: 26 Skipped: 71 336 Bozeman Climate Plan - Community Survey 54 / 54 Q53 Do you have any other comments about the Bozeman Climate Plan? Answered: 27 Skipped: 70 337 Q11 – Open ended responses to: “Which climate change impacts are you most concerned about for yourself and the Bozeman community?” I’m concerned about climate globally as well as locally, as a relatively wealthy community we should bear the burden for those living elsewhere in the world. Also we will have increasing population as we are a desirable place to live, let’s make a plan that incorporates that. Very very concerned that the success of Bozeman’s plan appears to hang on the cooperation of nw energy, a company that seems to be moving in the wrong direction while paying lip service to climate change 10/26/2020 10:23 AM mental health; disruptions to mainstream/commercial food chain 10/25/2020 11:53 PM traffic and mobility. How we move around within our area, It could be recreation, school, sports, work. 10/25/2020 9:07 PM Air pollution from wildfires and burning of fossil fuels 10/25/2020 3:46 PM Transfer of enormous amounts of political power, money and personal liberty to unelected administrative bueacracy 10/23/2020 12:13 PM How rapid growth in Bozeman affects climate change 10/23/2020 12:02 PM We don’t need more rules because of your ideas about climate change. To many rules and laws already. 10/23/2020 11:09 AM Buy in by new residents to addressing climate change with actions that might adversely affect them personally. ( not watering lawns or agreeing with planners to not build houses in urban interface zones. 10/22/2020 10:27 AM Changes in ecosystems and wildlife habitat 10/21/2020 1:21 PM The new religion of the left. “Man made climate change” go talk to China and tell them to clean up their act!! American society has have done more to clean up our environment than any country on earth. 10/20/2020 3:48 PM I am concerned about running out of water bc we allow new homes that are built to continue to have sprinkler systems rather than landscapes that were more natural to MT that would require little water. Very wasteful that many new homes built by poor contractors need to be refinished in 10 years bc they start to fall apart. That we continue to build building on wetlands in Bozeman. That we talk more about straws impacting our environment versus no longer having well made appliances that we have to throw away on average of 10 years. Disappointed we do not recycle glass. I have noticed in the work place people at the end of the day don’t turn off equipment and lights. 10/20/2020 12:00 PM 1. Increase in insect pests, i.e. mosquitos with a concomitant decrease in bees and other pollinators; 2. Decrease in natural biodiversity with a concomitant increase in invasive plants and animals. 10/19/2020 10:14 AM Climate refugees moving to Montana 10/19/2020 2:58 AM effect on ecosystems, native flora and fauna, food supply, water supply, economy, infrastructure, affordability, health, lifestyle 10/18/2020 4:18 PM Loss of habitat, health implications, lack of natural resources for all, loss of recreation space 10/14/2020 4:39 PM degrading environmental quality rich climate migrants from the coasts overwhelming our water supply 10/13/2020 9:51 PM The City enacting laws mandating costly programs based on climate change models whose accuracy is in doubt (e.g. total electrification of buildings). Preparedness is great but laws based on questionable assumptions are not. 338 10/12/2020 2:04 PM Bozemans air quality due to truck exhaust/diesel fuels/idling/oblivious citizens air polluting lifestyles; gas powered lawn mowers/leaf blowers/trucks/diesel/idling!!! City buses should be electris/hybrid at best; air quality in our valley gets really bad often: Main Street air quality unacceptable for walking 10/12/2020 12:52 PM If everyone could be more self sufficient, those who can grow a garden for a start and collect rainwater! Be more energy efficient with solar/wind power. 10/12/2020 10:09 AM Increasingly difficult growing conditions for farmers due to increasingly unpredictable climatic conditions and weather events. 10/11/2020 8:45 PM Air pollution and water quality 10/11/2020 4:20 PM Too many cars 10/11/2020 11:02 AM For us I am most concerned about wildfires and heat waves/drought. 10/10/2020 7:18 AM Improving transportation options 10/8/2020 1:15 PM Health impacts for people and ecosystems (new disease vectors and ecological pests emerging here) Impacts on recreation and tourism (warmer winters impacting ski industry; warmer waters affecting fish) Overall impacts of climate change on wildlife 10/8/2020 12:38 PM Impact of Climate Refugees and our ability to provide homes, jobs, and quality of life opportunities for all Bozeman residents. 10/8/2020 8:25 AM I realize this likely isn't the correct venue, but we have a grand opportunity to enact a minor piece of policy this year. With the egregious influx of out of staters moving to Bozeman, I have a great fear that the start of the winter driving season will result in numerous wrecks and accidents created by people who have no idea and no business driving here until they fully understand how to safely drive in winter conditions. To this point, we should enact a policy that requires all new residents to pass a winter driving course. The added side benefit of this would be that while the DMV is backed up trying to give 5,000 new winter driving tests, those cars will be essentially off the road, causing ZERO emissions. As many of these new residents will also likely never pass a winter driving test we will be shutting down fossil fuel transit for a large portion of the city, these people can instead rely on multimodal transit opportunities or use our extensive bike and ped system. This is a two fold win. First for the safety of long-term residents and second for the climate. Thank you for your consideration. 10/2/2020 10:24 AM Wildfires and decreased air quality are the number one concern for me. 10/2/2020 9:00 AM 339 Q17 – Open ended responses to: “How likely are you to engage in the following to support climate action?” I do not want added costs of living, higher taxes, or anything like that in the name of "climate". Many of the taxes, recycling programs, and alternative energy schemes have created more economic and environmental harm than good. 10/26/2020 6:19 PM I’m becoming increasingly willing and able to be involved, Covid has limited my ability to be involved 10/26/2020 10:26 AM I am willing to work politically to oppose the implementation of the city's "climate plan." 10/23/2020 12:15 PM I’m open to doing my part to affect climate change. 10/23/2020 12:04 PM Join other environmental watchdogs such as MEIC and MCV locally. Contribute to national organizations as well. Make public comment on MDEQ permits. 10/23/2020 11:44 AM Paying taxes to make a more powerful government does not help the climate. Stay out of my life and those I love with your taxes and pointless laws 10/23/2020 11:11 AM Promote nucular power 10/20/2020 3:57 PM become more self-sufficient 10/18/2020 4:26 PM start a business 10/13/2020 9:52 PM I object to question d. above. For example, I probably would be OK with the city adopting natural gas vehicles (assuming less polluting than gas) but I would object to the city adopting all electrical vehicles as a waste of tax-payer money. Didn't the US post office do that during the Carter administration? How did that work out? 10/12/2020 2:13 PM How to educate the people of Bozeman/undo trumps lieniancy of epa auto manu re: lac/no emissions standards/trucks here filthy/unregulated; disgusting 10/12/2020 12:56 PM planning to get solar panels within 5 years 10/11/2020 1:36 PM require corporations to use compostable packaging 10/5/2020 4:03 PM Paying more for clean energy shouldn't even be an option. It should be the opposite. This is a PSC corruption issue that severely needs to be addressed, the public is being completely screwed. 10/2/2020 10:28 AM It doesn’t work in CA. Don’t bring it here. 10/2/2020 5:23 AM 340 Q28 – Open ended responses to: “Are there any other actions the City should consider to address building energy efficiency and renewable energy?” No. Let a free market determine what people build. Government involvement in buildings has hurt people and created more waste in our society. 10/26/2020 6:21 PM Require commercial and other large buildings to be built from green materials, using best leed practices with their own source of green electricity on their roofs to support themselves and others around them. Require nw energy to allow home and business owners to sell solar into the system, allow individuals and businesses to pool together into mini sustainable grids. For energy production- and support these efforts with block grants. Require nw to allow landlords to lump all properties onto one account so that solar production at one site can support other sites to decrease cost of installation, increase efficacy Require developers to not just create green spaces but also provide solar power and water heat on all new construction Work with county to implement the same policies outside the city and pool financial resources Dramatically Increase bus service and/or light rail as far as Torsten, West, and Livingston 10/26/2020 10:36 AM electric vehicle infrastructure 10/26/2020 8:05 AM likely so, i'm not familiar 10/25/2020 11:57 PM Continue to encourage density, bike lanes, trails and new trails, access to fitness and clean air and water very important. 10/25/2020 9:11 PM Require LEED certified buildings for all new construction 10/25/2020 8:01 AM require buildings to be electric and at least passive solar designs, no more solid black structures without appropriate overhangs etc. , do not use the smoke screen of buying "green energy" from NWE when they are working against green energy projects, work on legislature to allow independent neighborhood solar projects, do not promote growth 10/24/2020 2:51 PM Stop wasting my tax dollars to implement expensive, authoritarian pet projects that realistically will have ZERO impact 10/23/2020 12:18 PM Stop the city from citing increased density and building mass as being more sustainable than other methods. These buildings use electricity which is generated at Coldstrip, do not have solar, and are unaffordable to the general public. Simply putting more people in a large massive box does not solve our climate problem. 10/23/2020 11:49 AM Stop figuring new ways to charge people money. Money will never and has never helped climate. Stop taxing and applying more fees for your religion. 10/23/2020 11:13 AM Adopt net-zero required building but let contractors choose how they want to get there to encourage competition and innovation. 10/22/2020 3:04 PM Show What additional costs and taxes wii be required from each and every one of us to reach this perceived nervana of a green society, free of coal, oil, fracking and farting cows!! Just the “Life Blood “of Montana. 10/20/2020 4:15 PM Turn off the lights when not in use. 10/20/2020 12:09 PM Building envelope rehabilitation and repair. 10/19/2020 3:05 AM 341 layout of roads should optimize solar access for residences and commercial/industrial buildings, select city friendly wind power generators, develop local power grid 10/18/2020 4:41 PM There is way too much "should consider," "study," "encourage," etc. The City's goals have no hope of success as the plan is written. There are no concrete steps to actually cut emissions from the building and transportation sections. 10/16/2020 12:42 PM Invest more in streamline, mandate paid parking downtown 10/16/2020 9:20 AM Most “green energy” options, like solar and wind require mining that is extremely destructive and dependent on fossil fuels. Instead, every new residential and commercial building should be passive solar. Every home should have a laundry line. City planners should include trails for easy commuting by foot or bike. Mass transit should be expanded. 10/15/2020 8:55 PM required recycling throughout Bozeman community gardens in multi-dwelling/family areas or throughout the city for composting opportunities and food resources solar loan/grant programs (not sure if we already have that) more encouragement of LEED designs opportunities for green roofs 10/15/2020 12:25 PM Don’t build so many buildings! Slow down/eliminate population growth. More people means more greenhouse gases. 10/14/2020 1:14 PM enable / allow for distributed grid solar power - Atticus Cummings 10/13/2020 9:53 PM Carbon Tax 10/13/2020 8:48 PM What does the nexus of energy efficiency for residential development and affordable housing look like? How can both be used to reach mutual goals? What of micro-grid development - what would it take to create those options locally? 10/13/2020 12:37 PM The City's role should be limited because this is a State and National issue. The City can address its own energy usage but it should exercise great caution imposing laws and regulations to reduce or conserve energy that cause unnecessary financial or other intrusive impacts on the citizens. For example, requiring completely electrical buildings, monitoring individual energy use, net zero energy buildings, etc etc 10/12/2020 2:21 PM Solar is not the same as electrical; less hydro; more solar and WIND power; 10/12/2020 12:59 PM Free energy is available as soon as the Military Industrial Complex releases it to the public! 10/12/2020 10:15 AM Very strict insulation and energy efficiency requirements for all new construction. Subsidies for updating older buildings (both commercial and residential) to high efficiency modern standards. 10/11/2020 8:52 PM Support for a revenue neutral carbon tax at a state or federal level 10/11/2020 6:11 PM Taxes are all ready too high 10/11/2020 11:26 AM Electrify the city fleet of cars and encourages the development of charging stations. Encourage more recycling. Engage residents about climate issues more, explaining the impact on our water and air. Bike lane development. 10/10/2020 7:25 AM Prioritizing multi-modal transportation options. Even a diesel bus full of passengers is better than 20 single occupancy vehicles on the road. 10/8/2020 1:32 PM Require or incentivize the use of sustainability standards such as the Living Building Challenge or Passivhaus. LEED is the most common sustainability standard but is not results based. A building can become LEED certified withought being remotely close to net-zero energy. 10/7/2020 2:35 PM 342 Yes, keep your hands out of my pockets. 10/2/2020 5:26 AM 343 Q32 – Open ended responses to: “Are there any other actions the City should consider to address walking, biking, transit, and resilient neighborhoods?” See above re commuters Bus service to the airport from in town Require 95% of bridger bowl and big sky day traffic to be by bus Plowing and de icing bike lanes Protect bike lanes from crazy drivers- median or other separation 10/26/2020 10:42 AM likely so 10/25/2020 11:59 PM Shared parks with required trails. Make parks more central to neighborhoods instead of being on the side next to a busy road. Encourage neighborhood stores. 10/25/2020 9:14 PM Much better public transportation 10/25/2020 3:52 PM Create many micro city centers through out neighborhoods to encourage people to use their local area instead of having to drive the main city hub to get errands done. 10/25/2020 8:07 AM separate from street bike and walking combo paths, larger web of public transport, local solar collection support on rooftops- will require legislation! , local gardens areas in subdivision parks, do not allow subdivisions to disallow adu's and greenhouses or garden sheds. 10/24/2020 2:55 PM More robust funding options to expand our public transit options and increase reliability. Affordable housing near services and jobs. 10/23/2020 12:27 PM Walking and biking paths 10/23/2020 12:21 PM Convince the MDOT to allow traffic calming measures on collector streets to make them safe for pedestrians, bikes, pets and children. Create a city wide speed safety program involving the police dept and the neighborhoods to educate and improve safety and respect for speed limits. 10/23/2020 11:59 AM This is a free country we don’t need you to act on our freedoms. We did not elect you to impose more laws and taxes on us. 10/23/2020 11:15 AM Much better investment in all ages and abilities on-street infrastructure. Bozeman has a good trails system, but people still need to get to and from destinations that are not on the trails. 10/22/2020 6:22 PM Prioritize bikes or electric vehicles over fossil burning cars in regulations and road and path development 10/22/2020 3:11 PM More funding for transit and expansion of Streamline network. If it is more convenient, more people will use it. Invest in bicycle infrastructure that makes people feel safe and that connect neighborhoods with commercial districts-- e.g., buffered bike lanes on major streets. 10/22/2020 2:50 PM Side walks and bike lanes are almost unusable during the winter. Need more options or better snow/ice clearing 10/22/2020 11:01 AM Neighborhood cores with essential services 10/22/2020 10:38 AM Improve the public transportation routes and system 10/21/2020 1:31 PM I think the city has done a good job with their biking and walking trails and cross country skiing opportunities. 10/20/2020 4:31 PM Stop actively promoting Bozeman growth 344 10/20/2020 12:29 PM Enforce cars need to be respectful to bikes as well as bikers need to follow the rules of the road. Biker and driver safety for kids. New residence need to watch video on driving by bikes and how to drive in the snow. 10/20/2020 12:15 PM Increase fuel taxes. Build more parks, maintain open space. Tax "part-time" (i.e. summer residents) for their excessive contribution to Bozeman's growth and emissions. 10/19/2020 10:22 AM Small homes for single/couples. More streamline bus. 10/19/2020 3:09 AM Be careful to balance increased density in older and historic neighborhoods. These homes can now build ADUs where possible. Vacant lots could be built on but keep neighborhood character as part of decision making. 10/18/2020 8:07 PM lobby state legislature to pass comprehensive land use plan that directs all development inside urban growth boundaries of existing cities and towns, lobby other local governments to do the same 10/18/2020 4:55 PM Again, no concrete steps to reduce emissions. 10/16/2020 12:44 PM Build bike infrastructure and stop building 5 lane arterial roads that makes it hard for pedestrians to cross 10/16/2020 9:22 AM Provide more affordable housing in Bozeman so that workers don’t have to commute. 10/15/2020 9:00 PM more transit opportunities (buses, trams, trains, etc) bike sharing if not already within Bozeman further connectivity of trails solar lights on trails 10/15/2020 12:30 PM Keep the city small. No more growth! 10/14/2020 1:17 PM better bike lanes 10/13/2020 9:56 PM Thoughtful consideration of pedestrian and bike traffic in building and renovation of roads 10/13/2020 8:51 PM Pathway maintenance, which appears included in the draft plan. 10/13/2020 12:40 PM Definitely NONE OF THE ABOVE. The City should be under a moratorium banning high density housing in the downtown vicinity. I count at least 6 huge new buildings being built adjacent to Main Street in the last 2-3 years. It is destroying the character of Bozeman. When that is done, who will care about energy emissions or usage? We will be like a little LA and our big concern will not be energy, it will be smog in Gallatin valley. 10/12/2020 2:30 PM Vehicular emissions control now! Incentives for buying hybrid/solar cars/more charging stations/electric city buses; tax /remove diesel; no tailpipes over 3" diameter; report polluters signs; incentives for getting old/polluters off road: buy back/trade in policy? Vote out administration that voted for.reduced epa standards 10/12/2020 1:07 PM Provide safe biking routes (bike lanes on roads or separate bike paths) in all areas of town so that people feel comfortable biking where they need to go. 10/11/2020 8:56 PM More bike lanes! Better plowing and clearing of bike lanes in the winter for safer use. 10/11/2020 6:13 PM Bike lanes, safe street crossings, trails, connectivity 10/11/2020 1:40 PM Protect r1 zoning 10/11/2020 11:28 AM 345 The City should not forget the carbon value of open space. It feels like every development that comes before the council is approved. At some point, we need to also be conserving land and in-filling rather than just sprawling. 10/10/2020 7:28 AM Add more bike trails and rec paths! 10/8/2020 3:30 PM Improvements to new and existing infrastructure to make walking, biking, and transit more accessible. 10/8/2020 1:36 PM Put a city tax on gas. Charge for parking. 10/8/2020 12:46 PM Build safe infrastructure for walking and biking, build infrastructure for bus rapid transit, fund transit to provide frequent service. 10/8/2020 11:36 AM Ensure safe biking routes through a reliable and easy to use bike path network as well as reduce the amount of parking near or in the site line of heavy use intersections that impair the ability of both bicyclists and drivers to be able to see oncoming/cross traffic. Parking in areas near Main St. is so crowded in toward the intersections that it greatly reduces the line of sight for safe traffic navigation. 10/6/2020 12:32 PM Increase the number of bike paths/lanes in and around Bozeman. The more bike-friendly we can make Bozeman, the more people will begin to bike. 10/6/2020 10:16 AM Better bike lanes on streets. There are many roads in town that the bike lanes are either nonexistent or are covered in gravel making it dangerous to be on a bike. 10/6/2020 8:06 AM Bike lanes on 11th and 19th! 10/6/2020 7:54 AM each neighborhood should have a walkable business section for the basics: food, hair care 10/5/2020 4:07 PM Yes, keep your hands out of my pockets. 10/2/2020 5:29 AM 346 Q39 – Open ended responses to: “Are there other solutions that the City should consider to address transportation emissions?” Transportation emissions don't cause a problem for Montana. No need to fix anything. 10/26/2020 6:24 PM Ban SUVs? I recognize I’m saying everything is highest priority, it kind of is though isn’t it? 10/26/2020 10:42 AM honest, no idea where the most impact can be had. it's all important 10/25/2020 11:59 PM keep Bozeman affordable to live in so people don't need to live in Belgrade and drive into Bozeman each day. 10/25/2020 8:07 AM stop the sprawl, all city vehicles should be hybrids or electric 10/24/2020 2:55 PM More parking for longer times 10/23/2020 5:16 PM More arterials to reduce growing wait intersection wait times. 10/23/2020 12:21 PM The city parking benefit district plan simply pushes the parking shortage downtown out into the residential neighborhoods and makes them pay for it. If there is a parking shortage downtown it should be handled there. Not a fan of that program as it will affect the poor and middle class while the rich will just pay the fees. 10/23/2020 11:59 AM We have have to many laws and ordinances to begin with stop creating more 10/23/2020 11:15 AM Support train service to Missoula, Helena, Great Falls, Billings, and Kalispell. 10/22/2020 3:11 PM More bike lanes, and education to drivers and bicyclists about traffic rules. 10/22/2020 12:47 PM In our climate it is difficult to walk and ride in cold and snow making transit services more important 10/22/2020 10:38 AM Discontinue mostly empty busses driving around Bozeman spewing noxious exhaust into the air. 10/20/2020 4:31 PM Careful on reducing requirement for parking in older and historic neighborhoods so that cars pile up on streets. 10/18/2020 8:07 PM keep bikes and peds separate from traffic lanes, transit serves town only, let regional transit handle regional travel 10/18/2020 4:55 PM Time stop lights so vehicles aren’t making as many stops and idling. Mandate that cars can’t idle while parked. 10/15/2020 9:00 PM Less tourism! Tourists create greenhouse emissions getting here by plane or car. 10/14/2020 1:17 PM limit new gas station construction? 10/13/2020 9:56 PM The City should stay out of the electric car infrastructure business. 10/12/2020 2:30 PM Buses are electric; tax/eliminate diesel/reduce number of polluting trucks/vehicular emissions control- policies/checks every 2 years/vote for administration that supports the max epa emmisions control from auto industry 10/12/2020 1:07 PM 347 Basically convert Streamline to electric and keep the old style buses running! Make Tesla charging stations universal for all electric vehicles! 10/12/2020 10:20 AM No car zones 10/11/2020 11:28 AM Affordable housing needs to be built near where people work. Bozeman is becoming expensive and this pushes people further out and creates long commutes. Need local affordable housing, excellent regional transit, and make people pay for their emissions through gas tax and parking fees. 10/8/2020 12:46 PM Commuter Rail access 10/7/2020 2:36 PM Can the Streamline buses be made electric/more efficient? 10/6/2020 10:16 AM Until we start getting power from alternate sources, electric charging and electric vehicles still will be powered largely from unsustainable sources. The power has to come from somewhere.... Hybrids have been working well for the City, although full EV I do have issues with due to the invasive mining practices required for extraction of materials needed for EV car production. For Americans these practices don't matter to most as it's out of sight out of mind, but it is ruining other countries. I think an educated approach to dispersing information on actual carbon footprints of manufacturing electric vehicles and their components should be brought into play. Nothing is completely free, and nothing is completely clean. Let's just try to play fair and show the whole story for all sides. 10/2/2020 10:50 AM Let people decide how they want to live and keep your hands out of my pockets. 10/2/2020 5:29 AM 348 Q44 – Open ended responses to: “Are there other solutions that the City should consider to address waste emissions?” Be careful when pushing recycling. It has environmental costs (transportation, destination, use of materials). Our town uses a landfill that does not drain into the ocean. Our landfill is not a big problem, so be careful to not implement policies that actually harm the environment when trying to help it. 10/26/2020 6:26 PM Require sellers of new furniture, etc like Home Depot, Lowe’s, Walmart, etc etc to provide a re-purchasing of good condition used items and a consignment shop similar to what ikea is doing in other countries Support building with green materials, subsidize? Tax new developments, new construction Require box stores to limit the quantity of one time use items that they sell and increase multiple use items Ban All plastic shopping bags. 10/26/2020 10:48 AM likely so 10/26/2020 12:00 AM Waste emissions needs a national lead. 10/25/2020 9:15 PM Need to be able to recycle glass in Bozeman 10/25/2020 3:53 PM glass recycling. Encourage Resused and recycled materials in construction 10/25/2020 8:10 AM I do think the city should take better care of their existing properties such as not letting city and city maintenance buildings fall into decay beyond repair such as the little white barn on North Rouse and Griffin. I have been watching it fall apart over the years and its an unnecessary waste. 10/24/2020 2:57 PM I use my food waste for compost. Encourage more community gardens and home gardens. Don’t allow developers downtown to eliminate green space on their lots and projects. Make ordinances the will not allow developers to block the sunlight from neighboring lots, and from solar panels. No sun, no green space. 10/23/2020 12:03 PM Stop spending more money and efficiently use what you have already. 10/23/2020 11:17 AM Ban plastic bags! 10/22/2020 12:49 PM Making it easy to recycle - a penalty for recycling construction waste works but it also encourages illegal disposal 10/22/2020 10:40 AM Paying more for larger trash cans 10/21/2020 1:34 PM Limit street parking. University and high school students. Creates snow removal issues in the winter and bike and pedestrian visibility issues. 10/20/2020 4:40 PM compost should also go to regenerate the soils that grow our food, tax on packaged products? 10/18/2020 5:01 PM lots of "promote" and "support" in here. We need laws and regulations or nothing will happen 10/16/2020 12:45 PM Require stores stop carrying single use plastic. Ban grocery bags (paper and plastic) at grocery stores. People must bring their own bags or reuse boxes that food is shipped in. Require restaurants use environmental friendly packaging for take out food. Provide education to the public. 10/15/2020 9:03 PM Garbage happens. Less people, less garbage. Why do we have to have so many people? Why does Bozeman have to act like cities in CA? Can’t we be different? This has all been done before in many cities. Why are we spending city resources on this? 349 10/14/2020 1:23 PM biomass energy plant? - Atticus Cummings 10/13/2020 9:56 PM household composting initiatives - ease of access. Human manure waste operations. Biodigesters and Biofuels. 10/13/2020 2:02 PM I am not adverse to any of the above. I worry about giving City officials a mandate to implement new laws and regulations that may be overreaching. 10/12/2020 2:34 PM Recycle glass/collect/crush/recycle to use in road and sidewalk paving material, etc 10/12/2020 1:08 PM Make all new buisness builds zero energy requirements! Be the example! Put up open work aluminum wall screens on the south side of government buildings to reduce heat absorbtion in the summer and have movable louvers for winter sun! Saves 30% of heating cooling costs! 10/12/2020 10:24 AM Biochar receives a short mention in the plan, as does anaerobic digestion. We can see from multiple life cycle assessment studies (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2011.10.005, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.01.024) and from initial results of ongoing research at MSU that production of biochar from food waste and municipal yard waste leads to a larger reduction in CO2 emissions than composting, while having similar soil benefits (See "Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology". We can see from the Stockholm Biochar Project (https://www.bloomberg.org/blog/stockholm-biochar-project-mayors-challenge-winner-opens-first-plant/) that cities are able to sequester large amounts of carbon, generate large amounts of renewable energy, while making a profit with biochar systems. 10/11/2020 9:38 PM A curbside foodwaste composting pickup would be very well received. 10/10/2020 7:29 AM -Waste disposal is WAY too cheap around here. Make people pay more for garbage and give them a "discount" on recycling and composting. -Mandate recycling and composting for residents and businesses -Waste issues are complicated in rural economies. Work more at the State level to ensure we have access to recycling (markets), and on waste-prevention initiatives -Support a state-wide bottle deposit -City-wide ban on plastic bags, Styrofoam takeout containers, disposable plastic cutlery, etc. -City does nothing to provide waste reduction and recycling education- that needs to change -How can the city help more with food waste reduction initiatives? Offer free help for businesses, schools, and other institutions that waste a lot of food. 10/8/2020 12:54 PM Promote waste reduction/consumption reduction through education. 10/6/2020 10:59 AM Yes, keep your hands out of my pockets. 10/2/2020 5:30 AM 350 Q52 – Open ended responses to: “Are there other solutions that the City should consider to address greenspace, food systems, and the natural environment?” I love wetlands and open spaces. I like our town's abundance of trees, and appreciate the care we take over our water and water supplies. Please push to maintain clean drinking water supplies for our city! 10/26/2020 6:29 PM Students at MSU are working on developing building materials that use more recycled materials and that sequester carbon. Support them and other similar local businesses 10/26/2020 10:52 AM likely so 10/26/2020 12:02 AM Too many wetlands have been moved and traded out. Keep existing wetlands, stop breaking up these sources water management and diverse ecosystems. Too much has been wittled away. 10/25/2020 9:18 PM Designate favorable farm land for agriculture within city limits. Require green space (with trees and native plantings) for condo and apartment development. Encourage native plants. Tax people how are going to water their lawn. Encourage front lawn gardens (have a no grass incentive). Keep open space for wildlife and natural floodplains. Encourage edible city landscaping 10/25/2020 8:26 AM switch from incentives to requirements in new development- building in much more infrastructure payments and no discounts, allow more adu's, continue with incentives for existing developments 10/24/2020 3:10 PM Be sure that the community plan allows for animal migration routes and wildfire prevention buffers. 10/23/2020 12:08 PM Stop creating more taxes 10/23/2020 11:18 AM Prioritize local food systems, localizing the food system will reduce environmental impact and benefit our local community and economy. 10/22/2020 12:52 PM It is important to recognize that not everyone has physical access to the National Forest lands The City green spaces are very important and access to food gardens for everyone regardless of economic status. 10/22/2020 10:47 AM Conserving greenspace by encouraging higher-density living 10/21/2020 1:39 PM Put in a bicycle and foot traffic walkway to mouth of sourdough canyon from he existing Bozeman trail system . 10/20/2020 4:52 PM Please see my concerns on the first few other questions. Thank you! 10/20/2020 12:18 PM Increase taxation on tourists and "part-time" residents, and put the money towards open/greenspaces, bike paths and public transportation. 10/19/2020 10:25 AM need to see details for c. and g., set limits on water use, natural sequestration only, also look into CO2 catalysts 10/18/2020 5:09 PM Revise the UDC to include community gardens as an acceptable form of residential open space. Include language in the park section to obligate developers and POAs to build and maintain community gardens 10/16/2020 9:28 AM Subsidize small local farmers. Require substantial green space with all developments. Stop urban sprawl. 10/15/2020 9:10 PM Stop building more housing developments. 10/14/2020 1:25 PM rooftop garden space on city buildings? -Atticus Cummings 351 10/13/2020 9:59 PM Get rid of all that endless, high maintenance, water sucking grass!!!!! The pesticide use alone is increasing toxicity in our City; mowing grass in gas powered mowers; zeroscape landscaping promoted 10/12/2020 1:14 PM The answers are everywhere! Open your eyes to what is being implemented elsewhere! More window light, Cleaner water(no Flouride industrial waste added) Local food sources expanded! Live near work. Reduce,reuse,recycle! It's been promoted for over 60 years! Get on board! 10/12/2020 10:30 AM Conserve as much remaining open space as possible. Incentivize farmland conservation in a way that is competitive with development. Consider a green belt. Focus on infill development to keep people in walking or biking distance to services and avoid further habitat loss in Gallatin Valley. 10/11/2020 9:07 PM All of the above are really important, thank you for considering them. 10/10/2020 7:30 AM City wide compost through the City of Bozeman would help prevent food waste entering the landfills. Food waste can be composted and turned into an added value product for use in personal gardens, local farms, city landscapes, and landscapes in developing neighborhoods. Every day we throw valuable nutrients into the landfill where they will forever be unrecoverable, take years and years to decompose, and emit harmful greenhouses gases. City wide compost is a simple and obtainable solution that lacks many of the complications of recycling and has the potential to improve greenhouse gas emissions and green spaces across Gallatin Valley. 10/6/2020 7:59 AM Conflicting messages... do we want more dense development to promote affordability and cut down on extended vehicle transit networks and miles travelled per capita OR do we want expanded development with more greenspace for potential carbon sequestration which would potentially more quickly EXTEND the transit network causing higher VMT per capita. Damned if you do... damned if you don't. 10/2/2020 10:54 AM Yes, keep your hands out of my pockets. 10/2/2020 5:33 AM 352 Q53 – Open ended responses to: “Do you have any other comments about the Bozeman Climate Plan?” You’re doing the right thing, take it as absolutely far as possible. Our planet is on fire, we need extreme action now, not later. Keep asking for help, input, etc as you need it 10/26/2020 10:52 AM thanks for tackling this 10/26/2020 12:02 AM I am a resident of Gallatin County. I hope sarong Bozeman Climate plan will spill over to the rest of the county 10/25/2020 3:55 PM It is very flawed in the Electricity Section due in part to having NWEnergy staff on the committee. There is a sense of being subservient to NWE. Make NWE relationship contingent on their cooperation. Do not look at carbon "intensity", this is a gimmick, you must look at "emissions". Create an Energy Panel without NWE participation to look at the Electricity section BEFORE approving. Why is community solar "illegal" in Montana? That is only protecting NWE and not serving Montanans. We need to see neighborhood grids and solar panels on low income housing. Decrease gas use (methane leaking- worse than Carbon emissions) with incentives for reverting to electric. Also, plan needs to align with indigenous peoples and the Gallatin Valley's unique history of being designated common hunting grounds. Look for how we can disconnect if needed from NWE and possibly buy from other sources. Be stronger than State Code and work to change state code. We need to be requiring electric vehicles with buses, postal service, UPS, city vehicles, and electric buildings with at least their own solar water heaters and panels for electricity. Thank you 10/24/2020 3:10 PM Good luck you guys. Support local environmental groups in reí watchdog efforts, especially efforts to make NorthWestern Energy responsible to the citizen ratepayers. NWE is the biggest deterrent to renewable energy and home solar in the state. 10/23/2020 12:08 PM I don’t like the plan and it needs to be thrown out completely. Less control and more freedom. 10/23/2020 11:18 AM Thank you to the City staff and Climate Team members for their work to create such a visionary plan. A few thoughts: Collaborative leadership, such as partnering with the private sector for compost collection, is invaluable. City leadership, modeling engagement and support for our growing and diverse local food sector, benefits everyone. Finding ways to influence subdivision landscaping is vital, as is nurturing a network of gardening coaches who offer expertise in regenerative, edible, native, pollinator, xeriscape, and permaculture landscaping. Equity, food security, and mental health are supported by regenerative green spaces, edible landscapes/gardens, and urban agriculture. It is inspiring and hopeful that Solution N, "Cultivate a Robust Local Food System", is part of this plan. Establishing a Food Policy Council will offer multiple positive benefits to our community: increased food security, stronger local economy, viable local farms into the future, expanded nutritional equity, enhanced community & cross-sector relationships (social cohesion), and amplified awareness of how systems impact health. Thank you for your efforts to build a more equitable, resilient community. 10/22/2020 7:03 PM Our suggestions for the Bozeman Climate Action Plan are for there to be clearer defined actions in the area of food waste. There was mention of a circular compost economy on page 131, but it only described the City’s sourcing of compostable/recycled products through a green purchasing policy. These types of policies do not have to end at what can be purchased by the City. The City of Bozeman has the potential to exercise greater influence in facilitating a circular compost economy that involves the citizens, businesses, and agricultural operations within its jurisdiction. Possibilities include: · Removing or reducing regulatory barriers to reusable/bring-your-own containers in restaurants and grocery stores. And, set a transition date for these food establishments to transition to compostable and reusable containers. · Implement financial penalties for businesses who waste food (and their associated plastic goods), which would include chains whose headquarters are not in Bozeman. And, provide financial incentives and/or 353 municipal recognition for limited waste practices. · Offer tax rebates for donated or composted food, perhaps based on tonnage or volume saved from waste. · Explore an alternative energy project involving anaerobic digestion – which turns compost into biogas. · Expand the landfill to accept and use compost. · Include schools and public institutions (like the library and hospital) in the City’s green purchasing policy, requiring that they also use compostable/recycled products. · Combine the efforts of the proposed reclamation projects and the diverting of food waste to compost by using the compost generated by the city in the carbon sinks that will be created. By considering more actionable solutions to the food waste issue, the City of Bozeman will not only be championing the cause but also pressing the community to follow suit. 10/22/2020 11:04 AM Protecting farmland and natural spaces - including watersheds - should be prioritized over new developments. Our community should also discourage the urban sprawl that has started to occur around town. 10/21/2020 1:39 PM Please don’t raise my taxes to help implement the Bozeman climate plan. They are currently to high for us seniors who have to live on a fixed retirement income!! 10/20/2020 4:52 PM Thank you for doing what is very hard work in a consumer-oriented society. 10/19/2020 10:25 AM appreciate all the people who came together to work on this, however your estimate of how much time it would take to complete this survey was way off 10/18/2020 5:09 PM This plan has zero hope of meeting the City's goals. Approximately 95% of emissions come from buildings and transportation. Most of those emissions (buildings and transportation, less air travel) could be mitigated through the following actions: 1. Energy efficiency – reduce energy use. Also a major climate justice piece to help lower income people save on energy costs. a. Buildings b. Houses c. Trailer homes d. Vehicles e. Reduce vehicle miles driven, etc 2. Clean up the grid as quickly as possible a. Replace coal and gas with renewables and batteries b. Increased reliance on regional grid to help all of us use what is available at that moment (ie if wind not blowing in Montana most likely another area has wind or sun to be used – helps with problem of not being able to turn off wind or solar and so also avoids energy produced that is not used) 3. Electrify everything that can be electrified – no more burning anything for heat or power a. Electrify vehicles, heat, water heat, cooking, etc b. This leads to more electricity demand, but less lower overall energy demand. i. Electric vehicles are way more efficient: “EVs convert about 59%–62% of the electrical energy from the grid to power at the wheels. Conventional gasoline vehicles only convert about 17%–21% of the energy stored in gasoline to power at the wheels.” With less energy required to move the same distance, demand declines even if vehicle miles traveled (VMT) doesn’t. ii. cars, buses, police cars, fire trucks can all be electric iii. heat pumps and heat pump water heaters are much more efficient than gas or traditional electric furnaces and water heater as they don’t actually heat anything, instead they pull existing heat out of the air much like a refrigerator in reverse. We must change code and regulations to allow the City to require these actions. If Morthwestern Energy is expected to provide our emissions savings, the plan is doomed as they are going to keep Colstrip open until 2042 and add new carbon emitting gas plants that will run for 30 years. They must not do this or this was as total waste of time. 10/16/2020 12:51 PM A great start, I would love to see Bozeman lead the charge in progressive climate policy and development strategy. Big market businesses are moving here that can afford to construct energy efficient buildings. We can't stop the growth but we can try and offset it 10/16/2020 9:28 AM Look deeply into “green energy” and learn about the dark side of it. Instead look at ways to change habits. Look at where the most impact can be made. Remember that if something must be purchased, it’s not likely “green.” 10/15/2020 9:10 PM Rock on! Please keep up the pressure to allow for distributed grid solar and support forcing all new construction to be solar ready. I know this is not really within the city's power but as much as you can push for it! 10/13/2020 9:59 PM 354 1) The plan is too long (184 pages) (with references to Vulnerability Assessment (35 pages) and MCA (318 pages!) 2) The City has a minimal role in this area. It is a State, National and World problem. And particularly because it is a population problem. 3) How much did the City spend on consultants and glossy brochures for its climate change project? 4) I am unhappy that the City gets caught up in fashionable projects that are outside of its traditional functions. 10/12/2020 2:51 PM See above 10/12/2020 1:14 PM Stop wasting funding on red tape and implement what is available now, not 10-20 years down the road plan! 10/12/2020 10:30 AM inertia is a big factor. anything that makes it easier to be greener is great. Also, more trees, please. 10/11/2020 1:43 PM Very excited to see it implemented and acted upon. 10/10/2020 7:30 AM I work in the waste industry. The waste part of the climate plan underestimates the true carbon footprint of our consumption and waste. The suggested actions in the current Climate Plan are a bunch of weak suggestions instead of real actions. 10/8/2020 12:57 PM One item that seems to be missing from the plan is a focus on personal actions. There’s reference to reducing air travel, but otherwise I don’t see much in the way of a campaign to encourage individuals to make lifestyle choices that reduce greenhouse gas emissions. One area that I think is notably absent is the impact of diet on personal greenhouse gas emissions. Although most of the carbon debt associated with the food that I consume is incurred outside of city limits, it seems an omission not to include the impact of agriculture and goods in the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions produced in the city. I do not believe that a climate plan would be complete without at least mentioning that diet is one of the most important determinants of a person’s greenhouse gas emissions and without a plan to raise awareness around the climate implications of dietary choices. Estimates differ, but I’ve frequently heard that one can reduce one’s greenhouse gas emissions as much by eliminating beef from one’s diet as giving up one’s car. 10/8/2020 11:38 AM Thank you for making climate change a priority. 10/6/2020 10:17 AM Looks great so far! Big Read. 10/2/2020 10:54 AM These proposals will make it more expensive to live in Bozeman and restrict freedoms. Don’t bring this liberal crap to Montana. 10/2/2020 5:33 AM Test user 10/1/2020 2:23 PM 355 DRAFT BOZEMAN CLIMATE PLAN – Community Workshop October 01, 2020 6:30 – 8:00 p.m. Webex Virtual Workshop Forum Objectives •Orient the community to the draft Climate Plan •Answer community questions about the draft plan •Clarify next steps for plan refinement and adoption Agenda 6:30 p.m. Welcome & Draft Climate Plan Introduction 6:50 p.m. Part 1. Buildings & Energy 7:10 p.m. Part 2. Neighborhoods & Transportation 7:30 p.m. Park 3. Waste, Food & Natural Environment 7:50 p.m. Wrap-Up & Next Steps Participants Alex Weber, Bruce Maxwell, Duncan Small, Eva Molina, Janelle Sanchez, Jennifer Boyer, Julia Ryder, Kate Burnaby Wright, Kristen Walser, Kyrie Dawson, Mark Chavez, Matt Thompson, Peter Aengst, Rachel just, Seth Kane, Ted Weaver, Will Swearingen Presentation Summary Slides (see attached) Part 1. Buildings & Energy Q&A 1.How are you going to increase rooftop solar in Bozeman, especially when the utility is continuously trying to kill net metering? a.Looking for legislative opportunity to increase the cap for net metering. b.Increased opportunities for non-export systems especially for large commercial. c.Follow-up: Some businesses are interested in solar if the cap can be adjusted. d.See action 2F3. 2.Are there any initiatives to push building code beyond the current green building standards? a.Locally not allowed to adopt a code that is more stringent than the state-wide code. b.1B2: Advance at the state-wide standard though advocacy. c.Can incentivize above code construction locally as well. 3.What kind of input did NorthWestern Energy give to the plan process? Attachment B 356 2 a. Have been working with NorthWestern energy for many years. b. Most promising opportunity is a green tariff in collaboration with other MT communities. c. Also work on DSM, efficiency, and smart metering. d. Follow-up: Green tariffs allow Bozeman to be a leader in the state. 4. How do you recommend advocating for more stringent energy and water regulations? a. State code council makes a recommendation every couple years. b. Need to watch the schedule - a hearing coming up soon. i. Can follow-up with information with how to engage. ii. Ted and Alex are interested in this information. 5. Will transportation emissions overcome stationary energy emissions? a. This is starting to happen in some communities and will come soon to Bozeman. 6. Are you coordinating or referencing how these recommendations are supported or support the Governor's Climate Solutions Council recommendations? a. Did reference the draft climate solution recommendations, there are a variety of parallels. b. Report seems to be generally in line. c. Both documents can benefit from identifying where there is consistency with the Governor's recommendations. d. Were very closely coordinated during the drafting process, but implementation needs to be coordinated as well. Part 2. Neighborhoods & Transportation Q&A 1. What are "resiliency hubs within cities"? a. A neighborhood stronghold, likely a city facility, that is designed to withstand shocks and stressors providing a safe pace for community members to go during a disaster. b. Looking to public safety center to serve in this capacity. 2. Has there been any thought or conceptual planning measures to use an urban growth boundary similar to Portland that would encourage infill development and discourage extensive land use for expanding land development? a. Very fortunate to have good relationships among departments allowing strong collaboration. Working to coordinate with future community plan that is happening now. In alignment in presenting a plan that provides higher density development that is amenable to transit and alternative transportation. b. Incentives and policies will be in place to help encourage this type of development. c. Parking policy is also involved in management of sprawl. d. Sphere of influence limited to City limits, so limited ability to establish this type of boundary. e. Focus on incentivizing this type of development. 3. Recommendation: Pressure MSU to change their policy to be consistent with most other universities and not allow freshman to have personal vehicles. Would get students in the habit of taking alternative transportation in their first year. a. There is a good opportunity to work with MSU on coordinated parking policies. b. Goes hand in hand with transit access. 4. There is not a bus out to the airport. Maybe at the peak student times (thanksgiving/end of the school year) a. Funding issues right now. b. There has been a bus during peak times in the past. 5. Perhaps incentives for freshman without vehicles. Part 3. Waste, Food, and Natural Environment Q&A 1. Have there been any conversations on creating a community wide composting system? a. Yes - City of Bozeman has been working on scaling up household compost service for a couple years as well as working with MSU's cafeteria 357 3 b. Have talked to local composting businesses to increase capacity through these private businesses. c. Working on modeling costs and acquiring the necessary equipment. 2. I think we should keep yard waste separate from food waste to create two streams of end-products. One that can be used as reclamation material and mulch (yard waste) and one that can be used as high-quality fertilizer/compost for use on organic farms. a. Thank you for your suggestion. 3. Also, I think we should have a "re-use" zone at the landfill where usable items can be stored and then taken for free by other patrons. Lots of good stuff ends up just getting tossed. This exists in a lot of other locations 4. Thinking about green spaces, food systems, and the natural environment. Have the surrounding tribal communities been involved in this planning process? a. One Climate Team member identified as a Native American, but outreach and participation could be more robust. b. Follow-up: Will be able to help make connection. 5. Are there alternatives to composting that may have been explored such as biofuels. a. There was discussion about biochar as a possibility. b. Composting is a good opportunity for returning nutrients to the earth. 6. Encouraged to work with MSU. Community-wide composting increases participation considerably. How does the city's operations work with the small producers right now? Can we help promote these producers in the meantime? a. City has been mindful of the existing local composters and looking for ways to partner and collaborate. It seems to be feasible and mutually beneficial. 7. Owner of Yes Compost - it has been good working with the City to figure out how to make composting more accessible. A lot of that may be able to be done though educational events to improve awareness. Most people just don't know the programs exist and are happy to participate when they learn. Biofuel works well with high carbon materials. Composting returns the compost back in the ground - circular cycle rather than a downgrade. 8. Clearly constrained by what can be influenced where it is harder to go fast. Funding is important to get things done to meet the commitments. Across the board, if people don't know about it, they can't do anything. Share the strategies and build a base of supporters. Build a culture of sustainability - relatively low cost and high payback. a. Good point. Education and outreach that is included in this plan will be exciting and important. Part 4. Wrap-up & Next Steps Q&A 1. Note - this is a remarkable plan that will be a great model for other communities. Being contacted by other communities to help build their own plans and it is nice to be able to show this plan. Address how you stand as an island in the county and the state. How can this be scaled to higher levels? a. Always looking to build coalitions and collaboration with other communities. Seeing more interest across the state. 2. Is there somewhere in the report that talks about the cost associated with each of the solutions? a. This can be found in Chapter 4 implementation guide 358 Virtual Community Workshop October 1, 2020 359 Logistics and Ground Rules •This meeting is being recorded. •Use of video is optional. •Please keep yourself muted unless prompted to speak. •Use the “raise hand” feature if you wish to speak. •Use the chat feature to provide feedback, ask questions, or raise any technical issues. •If you are on the phone only, please announce who you are when speaking. 2360 Workshop Overview Agenda Time Agenda Item 6:30 p.m.Welcome & Draft Climate Plan Introduction 6:50 p.m.Part 1: Buildings & Energy 7:10 p.m.Part 2: Neighborhoods & Transportation 7:30 p.m.Part 3: Waste, Food & Natural Environment 7:50 p.m.Wrap-Up & Next Steps Objectives •Orient the community to the draft Climate Plan •Answer community questions about the draft plan •Clarify next steps for plan refinement and adoption 3361 Meet the Project Team! Judy Dorsey Executive Project Manager Brendle Group Shelby Sommer Project Manager Brendle Group Sarah Martin Resiliency Planner Brendle Group Becca Stock Lead Engineer Brendle Group Katie Kershman Document Dev. & Design Brendle Group Megan Moore Engagement Coordinator Logan Simpson Bruce Meighen Plan Integrator Logan Simpson Natalie Meyer Sustainability Program Manager City of Bozeman Heather Higinbotham Energy Conservation Technician City of Bozeman Jon Henderson Strategic Services Director City of Bozeman Britt Ide Energy Expert Ide Energy 4362 Draft Climate Plan Available at: www.bozeman.net/climateplan Community Survey at: https://www.surveymonkey.co m/r/cobclimatesurvey Share survey comments by October 25 Submit general comments to: agenda@bozeman.net 5363 Process & Timeline 6364 Local Climate Change Impacts High Temperature Forecast in Montana (Jul 2017) Ditch Flooding on College St.Bridger Foothills Fire (Sep 2020) © Rachel Leathe/Chronicle Beall Park,-39°F Record Low (Mar 2019) 7365 Draft Climate Plan Orientation:Climate Trends and Goal Contributions Total 2018 Emissions: 607,139 MT CO2e Since 2008: Emissions ↑ 16%, Population ↑ 37%8366 9 Draft Climate Plan Orientation 367 Draft Climate Plan Orientation:The Cost of Inaction Projected Cost of Energy Use and Social Impacts of Carbon Emissions Under Business as Usual in the High-Growth Scenario $- $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 $400 $450 2016 2025 2030 2050Community CostsMillionsElectricity Natural Gas Gasoline Diesel Social Cost of Carbon $193 $232 $407 $120 10 Bozeman’s Climate mitigation solutions save $217.5 million by 2050 and avoid the projected social impacts of carbon emissions estimated at $102 million in 2050. 368 Draft Climate Plan Orientation: Climate Resiliency Conserve natural resources Strengthen infrastructure to natural disaster Increase social cohesion Mitigate property and economic losses Protect human health 11369 Draft Climate Plan Orientation: Vision –Position Statement Through leadership and collaboration, the City of Bozeman will advance innovative solutions to cultivate a more equitable and resilient, low-carbon community for current and future generations. 12370 Draft Climate Plan Orientation: Vision -Guiding Principles Bozeman will be a leader in addressing climate change by: •Adopting bold targets for emissions reduction and renewable energy. •Weaving sustainability and resilience into decision-making processes. •Pursuing partnerships with other municipalities and our utility provider. •Seeking innovative, actionable solutions to mitigate climate change. •Inviting all Bozeman residents to join us, including current and future leaders. 13371 Draft Climate Plan Orientation: Climate Mitigation Goals 26% reduction in GHG emissions by 2025 (from 2008) 100% net clean electricity by 2030 Carbon neutral by 2050 14372 Focus Areas & Cross-Cutting Themes 15373 PART 1: OVERVIEW 16374 Solution A. Improve Efficiency of Existing Buildings Solution B. Achieve Net Zero Energy New Construction Solution C. Electrify Buildings 17375 Solution D. Increase Utility Renewable Energy Mix Solution E. Increase Community Participation in Utility Green Power Programs Solution F. Increase Community-Based Distributed Renewable Energy Generation 18376 Part 1: Discussion WE WANT TO HEAR FROM YOU! (raise hand or chat feature) •What questions do you have about these topics? •Is anything missing? •How do you plan to advance the solutions identified? POTENTIAL WAYS TO ENGAGE: Reduce energy use during peak energy demand (4pm to 8 pm) Learn about and begin to make changes to your energy behaviors Contact NorthWestern Energy, or other qualified auditor, to schedule a home energy audit and make efficiency improvements to your home Advocate for more stringent state-wide energy and water efficiency regulations Explore opportunities to install on-site renewable energy and storage on your property377 PART 2: OVERVIEW 20378 Solution G. Facilitate Compact Development Patterns Solution H. Reduce Vulnerability of Neighborhoods and Infrastructure to Natural Hazards Solution I. Enhance Social Infrastructure and Community Preparedness 21379 Solution J. Increase Walking, Bicycling, Carpooling, and Use of Transit Solution K. Decrease Direct Vehicle Emissions Solution L. Limit Emissions from Air Travel 22380 Part 2: Discussion WE WANT TO HEAR FROM YOU! (raise hand or chat feature) •What questions do you have about these topics? •Is anything missing? •How do you plan to advance the solutions identified? POTENTIAL WAYS TO ENGAGE: Plan a neighborhood activity to help build social connections Get to know your neighbors and swap contact information for times of need or emergency Review City maps to understand if you are in a location that is vulnerable to flooding, fires, or other hazards and develop an emergency plan Walk, bike, carpool, or take transit to destinations instead of driving alone Limit idling and combine trips when using a vehicle for transportation Consider investing in an electric vehicle for your next vehicle purchase Find alternatives to air travel, avoid binge flying, and/or purchase offsets for your next airline trip23381 PART 3: OVERVIEW 24382 Solution M. Move Toward a Circular Economy and Zero Waste Community 25383 Solution N. Cultivate a Robust Local Food System Solution O. Manage and Conserve Water Resources Solution P. Manage Land and Resources to Sequester Carbon 26384 Part 2: Discussion WE WANT TO HEAR FROM YOU! (raise hand or chat feature) •What questions do you have about these topics? •Is anything missing? •How do you plan to advance the solutions identified? POTENTIAL WAYS TO ENGAGE: Review your waste and consumption practices and look for opportunities to reduce, reuse, or share products Volunteer at or donate to a local food bank Learn to garden and grow your own food Plant and maintain a tree Update irrigation equipment and landscaping to use less water Reduce pesticide and herbicide use 385 WRAP UP & NEXT STEPS What’s next? 28386 Draft Climate Plan Orientation:Climate Trends and Goal Contributions 29387 Upcoming Community Events & Activities •2040 Virtual Screening and Presentation, October 5, 2020, 7:00 p.m. Register at GallatinValleyEarthDay.org. •Draft Climate Plan Virtual Community Workshops by Focus Area o Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, October 8, 2020, 12:00-1:30 p.m. o Transportation & Neighborhoods, October 15, 2020, 12:00-1:30 p.m. o Waste, Food Systems, Greenspace, & Natural Systems, October 20, 2020, 12:00-1:30 p.m. •Community Survey (Oct. 1 to Oct. 25) Visit the project website for all documents, survey, and registration details! www.bozeman.net/climateplan 30388 Plan Review Process Next Steps •City Commission Work Session 2, Draft Bozeman Climate Plan Community Feedback Summary, November 17, 2020, 6:00-11:00 p.m. •Bozeman Climate Plan Commission Hearing and Resolution for Adoption, December 8, 2020, 6:00-11:00 p.m. Visit the project website for all documents and meeting details! www.bozeman.net/city-projects/bzn-climate-plan 31389 1 Bozeman Climate Plan Proposed Revisions (11/17/20) Major Revisions: 1.Strengthen the City’s commitment to relying on data-driven decisions while reinforcing the need for NorthWestern Energy to take a more aggressive approach to additional renewable resources. Public Comment: Considerable input was received regarding the use of “carbon intensity” to model emissions (otherwise known as an “emission factor”). Comments can be categorized in the following areas. a)NorthWestern Energy’s carbon emissions goal uses the metric of CO2e/MWh, which is not a definitive commitment to reduce total greenhouse gas emissions. NorthWestern Energy could reduce carbon intensity while increasing their generating capacity and total emissions. b)The emissions forecast (Figure 13) references NorthWestern Energy’s carbon intensity benchmarks from 2020 to 2045 as a baseline scenario for increased renewable energy generation and emissions reductions under Solution D. NorthWestern Energy does not detail the actions they will take to achieve their goals. Recent efforts to acquire an additional 25% share of Colstrip Unit 4 and the 2019 Electricity Supply Resource Procurement Plan's notable exclusion of a reference to adding renewable energy resources suggests that their goals are not focused on reducing total greenhouse gas emissions. c)The action-level performance measures (under Solution D) reference percent decrease in carbon intensity of delivered CO2 emissions, which raises concerns that the absolute emissions reduction goals outlined in the Climate Plan will be confused or conflated with a carbon intensity goal. Staff Response: Quantifying greenhouse gas emissions requires an emission factor to determine total emissions over time. The analysis provided in the draft plan is the basis for calculating the benefit for each solution, thus demonstrating a quantifiable approach to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. This is consistent with the Global Protocol for Community-scale GHG Emissions (GPC), which references the following methodology for emissions from grid-supplied energy consumed within the city boundary: Emissions = Fuel Consumption × Emission Factor for Fuel Local greenhouse gas emissions inventories are intended to help cities track progress and direct local policy and investment. Local plans are not a substitute for comprehensive state-wide and national climate planning. The premise of using a carbon intensity metric within the context of community greenhouse gas emissions inventories and forecasts is unavoidable and does not warrant the development of a novel approach for tracking and forecasting greenhouse gas emissions. Attachment C 390 2 The reference to NorthWestern Energy’s carbon emissions is not intended to be an endorsement of the utility’s goal, but rather an opportunity to hold them accountable to their stated environmental commitments. Revisions proposed by staff recognize the City’s desire to move the utility forward, without compromising analysis based on current data used throughout modeling efforts. Total greenhouse gas emissions will continue to be the primary measure of progress toward emissions goals as referenced in the Climate Plan Implementation Guide (pg. 158). Performance measures listed under action items will help monitor programs between inventory years. Proposed Revisions: The following recommendations will provide a more complete picture of how greenhouse gas emissions inventories will support long term goals, while strengthening the City’s commitment to holding NorthWestern Energy accountable to their actions. a) Modify text within Solution D (pg. 60) to read: “Strongly encourage NorthWestern Energy to meet Bozeman’s goal of 100% net clean electricity by 2030” (currently written as: “Support NorthWestern Energy to meet and surpass their 2045 goal to reduce the carbon intensity of their generation by 71% to 0.14 MT CO2 per MWh”). This revision would further acknowledge that the utility’s current goal will not advance quickly enough to achieve the City’s short term goals and may not be sufficient to achieve carbon neutrality. b) Revise forecast modeling to include an additional sensitivity analysis that assumes no new renewable energy supply (see Attachment D). This will identify the net impact if NorthWestern Energy does not lower its carbon intensity and emissions beyond current levels. c) Develop specific recommended carbon-free benchmarks for NorthWestern Energy’s supply mix that coincide with the Climate Plan goal years. d) Add percent increase of Utility Scale Renewable Energy (2.D.1) and total annual emissions from NorthWestern Energy’s Montana Portfolio under Solution D. Performance Measures. Clarify in Chapter 1. Introduction (pg. 13) that greenhouse gas emissions inventories will continue to serve as the over-arching metric of progress towards goals. e) Expand modeling detail and assumptions in Quantitative Analysis Methodology in Appendix A4. f) Work with peer communities (i.e., Missoula & Helena) to urge greater transparency from NorthWestern Energy on their reported emission factor and carbon goal. A revised carbon goal should reflect absolute emissions reductions. The emission reductions should acknowledge the existing portfolio of carbon-free resources and clearly articulate future reductions based on a current baseline. 391 3 2. Update and clarify details for a subscriber-based green tariff to emphasize opportunities for clean energy options for some customers including “additionality“ of new clean energy generation. Public Comment: The distinction between NorthWestern Energy’s E+ Green Renewable Energy Credit (REC) program and a subscriber-based green tariff are not sufficiently defined (Solution E and Action 2.E.1). The key features of this critical short-term solution should be specified. An explanation should be provided regarding the reference to a REC price premium. Some expressed concern over equity and that this solution depends too much upon individual action rather than corporate responsibility. Staff Response: Renewable Energy Credits cannot be used to help Bozeman reach our emissions reduction goals under the Global Protocol for Community-scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions and typically result in a cost premium. The draft Climate Plan references the shortcomings of Renewable Energy Credit (REC) programs, such as NorthWestern Energy’s E+ Green program (pg. 68). In contrast, a subscriber-based green tariff is a price structure, or an electricity rate, offered by a local utility that allows customers to source up to 100% of their electricity from renewable sources. Customers are able to purchase the energy from new renewable energy projects, and receive the RECs. Retiring the RECs on behalf of the customers is necessary to avoid double counting of the environmental attributes of the renewable energy. In 2019, the Montana Public Service Commission approved a settlement agreement between NorthWestern Energy, the Montana Department of Environmental Quality, the Montana Consumer Counsel, and Walmart, in which NorthWestern Energy agreed to initiate a stakeholder process to explore the development of a green tariff. Missoula County, the City of Missoula, the City of Bozeman, and the City of Helena are among the participants in this stakeholder process. After the draft Climate Plan was released, NorthWestern Energy agreed to develop a green tariff program in partnership with members of the stakeholder group. The City of Bozeman, Missoula County, the City of Missoula, and the City of Helena are preparing to jointly seek a third party consultant with expertise in utility rate design to support the development of a green tariff in order to advance the local governments’ 100% clean electricity goals and economic interests, including the possibility of a residential program and a low-income carve-out to address equity. New renewable energy generation will be “additional” and located within the state of Montana. Key questions regarding cost and scale of the renewable development have not yet been determined. If successfully developed and approved by the Public Service Commission, participation in the green tariff program by the City of Bozeman and other large institutions will be necessary to ensure that Bozeman meets our 2025 emissions reduction goal. While a green tariff is critical in the short-term, Figure 17 (pg. 61) highlights the necessity of concurrently increasing utility-scale and local renewable energy to meet our 2030 and 2050 goals. 392 4 Proposed Revisions: a) Revise and reformat pages 68 to 70 to more clearly distinguish RECs from green tariffs. b) Revise the title of Solution E from “Increase Community Participation in Utility Green Power Programs” to read: “Develop and Promote Utility Green Power Programs”. c) Provide examples of leading utility green tariff programs and key features. d) Add NorthWestern Energy and city partnership process updates and the anticipated timeline for program development. e) Remove the reference to a power purchase agreement for municipal operations on page 70. f) Reference creative models, such as the City of Bozeman operating its’ own REC program to generate revenue for local renewable energy, microgrid, and storage projects. 3. Clearly define utility-scale pathways to achieve 100% net clean electricity with statewide legislation. Public Comment: The City of Bozeman must be prepared to pursue its own pathway without relying solely on the utility to achieve 100% net clean electricity and carbon neutrality. Staff Response: The City of Bozeman and other partnering communities within Montana have two primary pathways to jointly pursue: 1) the creation of a community-wide renewable energy program that would allow communities to choose to be supplied with 100% clean electricity through new renewable energy sources from NorthWestern Energy or 2) a Community Choice Aggregation program that allows local governments to procure power from an alternative supplier. Both options would require state enabling legislation. Furthermore, community-scale renewable programs are not a substitute for the energy efficiency, distributed renewable energy, and electrification actions identified in the plan. Action 2.D.1 Evaluate the Economic Feasibility and Policy Options Available to Achieve 100% Net Clean Energy (pg. 64) calls for an economic analysis to serve as the foundation to pursue a community-wide renewable energy program or Community Choice Aggregation. Proposed Revisions: a) Revise title of Action 2.D.1 from “Evaluate the Economic Feasibility and Policy Options Available to Achieve 100% Net Clean Energy” to read: “Complete a 100% Net Clean Energy Community Renewable Energy Feasibility Study”. b) Add the key features of a community-wide renewable energy program modeled after Utah’s Community Renewable Energy Act (HB 411) and successful Community Choice Aggregation programs. c) Include a price on carbon to the feasibility study scope of work. d) Change from Priority Level 1 to Priority Level 2 based on the opportunity to first pursue a green tariff. 393 5 4. Amplify the need for sustainable funding for safe bike and pedestrian infrastructure to increase options for mobility choices. Public Comment: Bozeman has a long list of planning documents that express the community’s resolve for expanding pedestrian and bicycle connections. The Climate Plan should focus on sustainable funding sources to implement the bicycle and pedestrian projects already identified in the Bozeman Transportation Master Plan and the Downtown Improvement Plan. Staff Response: The City of Bozeman continues to invest in bike and pedestrian infrastructure through a combination of local and private funding sources. The City’s Complete Streets principles are applied on new City projects, privately funded development, and incrementally through a series of smaller improvements and activities over time. Example of innovative funding efforts include: • The 2012 Bozeman Trails, Open Space and Park Bond initiative resulted in the expansion and improvement of several trails, including the separated Path to the “M”. • The Midtown Urban Renewal District helped fund sidewalk improvements, LED streetlighting, boulevard trees, and innovative stormwater amenities on the North 7th Avenue corridor. • Bozeman’s sidewalk replacement and ADA ramp upgrade program is an example of proactive programs that improve safe pedestrian connections. With growing community and staff support, including a dedicated Transportation Demand Manager, the City will continue to explore all possible funding sources. When Bozeman reaches a population of 50,000 and becomes part of a Metropolitan Planning Organization, the community will be eligible for federal grant programs to help fund bike and pedestrian infrastructure. Proposed Revisions: a) Under Prioritize Regional Multi-modal Planning & Connectivity (Action 4.J.1), recognize that the Transportation Master Plan references greenhouse gas emissions and health benefits to communicate the value of active transportation. Recommend that future transportation plans incorporate targets for total and per capita Vehicle Miles Traveled and greenhouse gas emissions reductions. b) Revise Expand Pedestrian and Bicycle Connections and Network (Action 4.J.2) to read: Pursue Innovative Funding for Pedestrian and Bicycle Connections and Network. c) As specified in the Transportation Master Plan, ensure that the Unified Development Ordinance is amended to require sidewalk construction as a basic component of subdivisions and should be installed with the streets and utilities before individual lots are developed (add to Action 4.J2). d) Under Support Employee Trip Reduction Programs and Transportation Demand Management (Action A.J.5.), consider requiring large employers and institutions to fund performance-based Transportation Demand Management programs for employees. 394 6 5. Highlight the role of local food in building community resilience and expand actions to address affordability and access. Public Comment: Solution N. Cultivate a Robust Local Food System should address affordability to ensure that local food is a real source of health, nutrition, and community for all. More can be done to address equitable access to local, healthy food, particularly for low and mid-income households. The City can shift norms towards more sustainable, community-strengthening practices by incorporating good food procurement policies into operations. In addition to food security and equity, local food and regenerative spaces support mental health, the local economy, and social cohesion. Staff Response: The suggested revisions further align the issue of local food to the Climate Plan’s vision statement and cross-cutting themes of health, equity, and city leadership. Solution N. Cultivate a Robust Local Food System, identifies actions that may require the City of Bozeman to expand future policy priorities. Organizing partners and developing a strategy will be necessary to execute the first action, “Support the Formation of a Local Food Council” (6.N.1). Proposed Revisions: a) Under “Support the Formation of a Local Food Council” (6.N.1), expand coordination and collaboration with the larger “foodshed”, build-in additional partnerships to the scope of education supported by the Local Food Council. b) Under “Help Develop a Food System Assessment and Security Plan” (Action 6.N.2), add middle-income individuals and families to the scope of the food system assessment. Middle income earners currently have poor access to local food as they are challenged by the higher prices and are not likely to access emergency food security programs. c) Under “Encourage Local Agriculture and Preservation of Working Lands” (Action 6.N.3), revise the phrase “research existing land in Bozeman to remain in agricultural production” to read: “will review existing land uses and the Community Plan, research effective metrics to evaluate urban agriculture, and consider targets to ensure that food production remains feasible within and near Bozeman.” d) Under “Support Local Food Production, Processing, and Distribution” (Action 6.N.4), add that “The City of Bozeman with the City-County Food Council, may identify opportunities to advocate for agricultural subsidies for producers contributing to community food security. This supports the local producers to sell locally, makes food affordable for low and middle-income individuals, and support the local economy.” e) Under “Develop Plans for Green Purchasing and Zero Waste Events for City Operations” (Action 5.M.6), incorporate good food procurement policies for city events and purchasing. 395 Memorandum To: Natalie Meyer From: Shelby Sommer, Becca Stock, Judy Dorsey Date: November 3, 2020 Re: Sensitivity analysis of NorthWestern Energy goals Purpose and Overview Given public comment on the draft Bozeman Climate Plan, this memo summarizes the sensitivity analysis of the Responsible & Reliable Renewable Energy Supply strategies to the modeling assumption that NorthWestern Energy will achieve its carbon intensity reduction goals. The sensitivity analysis assumes that NorthWestern Energy’s electricity supply is comprised of 61% carbon-free resources and that the carbon intensity of the supply mix will remain the same through 2050 with no new additional renewable energy or lower carbon intensity natural gas resources added to the supply mix.The sensitivity analysis was conducted for the year 2050. Additional sensitivity analyses for the years 2025 and 2030 would require additional time to complete. Summary Results •To achieve the community goal to be carbon neutral by 2050, the draft Climate Plan requires668,000 MWh per year of carbon-free electric supply by 2050 (see Appendix A-2). o This accounts for the net effects of reducing electricity needs through Solution A: ImproveEfficiency of Existing Buildings and Solution B: Achieve Net-Zero New Construction.o This also accounts for the increased clean-electricity community needs from Solution C:Electrify Buildings and Solution J: Decrease Direct Vehicle Emissions. •The net impact if NorthWestern Energy does not lower its carbon intensity beyond currentlevels is 180,000 MWh less carbon-free electricity supply (27% of the total needed).o Under the draft Plan, Solution D: Increase Utility Renewable Energy Mix would contribute587,000 MWh toward the total required. o Assuming no new renewable energy is added to the supply mix, but accounting for the 61%of existing carbon-free electricity currently in the supply, Solution D would contribute 407,000 MWh. Strategy 2050 Contribution in Draft Plan (MWh) 2050 Contribution if No Carbon Intensity Reduction (MWh) Solution D. Increase Utility Renewable Energy Mix 587,000 407,000 Attachment D 396 2 • To make up the difference needed from no change in the electric supply mix, the following table summarizes the current contribution and the best-in-class contribution from the remaining two Responsible & Reliable Renewable Energy Supply solutions (Solutions E and F). • Making up the required 180,000 MWh shortfall from Solution D, would require a total of 260,000 MWh from Solutions E and F (current plus shortfall). However, the total feasible contribution from these solutions is less than that at 231,000 MWh. Strategy 2050 Contribution in Draft Plan (MWh) Best-in-Class Contribution (MWh) Solution E. Increase Community Participation in Utility Green Power Programs 3,0001 138,000 Solution F. Increase Community-Based Distributed Renewable Energy Generation 77,0002 93,000 Total 80,000 231,000 • In our efforts to refine the Appendix for the draft Plan, we revisited calculations for Solutions D, E, and F. We discovered an error in the spreadsheet calculations for Solution F that will be corrected in the final Climate Plan. The correction of this error increases the contribution from Solution F from 54,000 MWh per year to 77,000 MWh per year. This also decreases the necessary contribution from Solution E from 27,000 MWh to 3,000 MWh per year. These changes are reflected in the table above. Conclusion – Reliance on NorthWestern Energy • The table above shows it is not feasible to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 without NorthWestern Energy lowering the carbon intensity of its supply mix or exceeding best-in-class assumptions for other Solutions. • With additional time, we could build off the modeling approach to develop specific recommended carbon-free MWh benchmarks for NorthWestern Energy’s supply mix that coincide with the plan update years. • It’s important to note the reliance on a NorthWestern Energy partnership in achieving all three of the strategies in this focus areas. 1 On Appendix page A-2, this was previously identified as 27,000 MWh. This number has been revised due to a spreadsheet formula error. 2 On Appendix page A-2, this was previously identified as 54,000 MWh. This number has been revised due to a spreadsheet formula error. 397 1 Bozeman Climate Plan Proposed Revisions (11/17/20) Minor Revisions (by chapter): 1. Acknowledgements & Executive Summary a)Reference professional affiliations of sub-consultant Britt Ide. b)Articulate “economic health strategies.” c)Add a key for sectors and percentages to greenhouse gas emissions inventory graphic. d)Add “infrastructure” to list of action activities. e)Add summary table of all solutions and actions. 2. Introduction a)Increase size of Figure 3. Proclamation of Intent related to the City of Bozeman’s Climate Plan from October 2019, noting direction to develop a policy document that specifies city partnerships to leverage support for renewable energy. 3.Healthy, Adaptive & Efficient Buildings Action 1.A.4 Establish an Energy and Water Benchmarking Standard for Commercial Buildings a)Add water references to benchmarking and retro-commissioning narrative. Action 1.A.5 Require Home Energy and Water Use Labeling at Time of Listing a)Add water to efficiency narrative. b)Add WaterSense Labeled Homes. Action 1.A.7 Create a Rental Registry Program to Advance Renter Safety and Energy and Water Efficiency a)Incorporate Montana State University’s Off-Campus Living Housing program. Action 1.B.3. Encourage High Performance Construction for All Publicly Funded Buildings a)Add water efficiency to narrative. Action 1.B.5 Offer a Voluntary Pathway & Incentives for Above-Code Construction a)Add “Encourage all buildings to be designed and constructed to: 1) minimize energy use (with an ultra-low Energy Use Intensity = EUI) and water use and 2) maximize solar energy system electricity production to achieve Net Zero Energy (NZE) and Electric Vehicle-Ready goals.” b)Add reference to the New Building Institute’s Zero Energy Performance Targets. Solution C. Electrify Buildings a)Discuss unintended consequence of driving demand for wood burning stoves and harming local air quality. Action 1.C.2 Include Electrification Component for Above Code Construction a)Add evaluation of City Engineering standards and NorthWestern Energy utility connection standards to determine if new developments are discouraged or prohibited from Attachment E 398 2 installing electric only service. Further determine if ground source energy or district energy technologies may be economically disadvantaged due to City or utility connection requirements. Action 1.C.3 Support Outreach and Incentives for Electric Appliances and Equipment a) Evaluate options to require electric appliances and equipment prior to achieving a net- zero energy code requirement. 4. Responsible & Reliable Renewable Energy Supply Action 2.D.2 Collaborate and Innovate Utility-Scale Solutions with NorthWestern Energy a) Specify “NorthWestern Energy’s stated electric capacity shortfall” and more directly outline the scope of mutually beneficial programs and policies to include: energy conservation, demand side management, local planning for large new commercial loads, deployment of advanced metering infrastructure, renewable energy, and possible support for batteries and pumped storage. b) Add that the City of Bozeman will consult with outside subject matter experts in the development of a Memorandum of Understanding with NorthWestern Energy. c) Add reference that the City of Bozeman will continue to grow interlocal partnerships with Montana cities and counties with clean energy and climate goals. Action 2.D.3 Support Policies to Expand Renewable Energy and Just Transition Initiatives a) Reference past support for clean energy in the Montana Legislature and add reference to 2021 Legislative Agenda & Priorities, which includes clean energy among the City’s top three priorities. b) In the list of sample policies, add “oppose future efforts to acquire additional shares of Colstrip” and change “decoupling utility revenue from electricity sales” to “utility business model reform.” c) Add Montana EIA reference to the statement related to the decline of coal in Montana and specify the 2020 closure of Colstrip Units 1 and 2. Do not specify that air and water pollution has improved. d) Add supporting language for robust clean-up efforts, such as dewatering of Colstrip ash ponds and implementing a “High and Dry” secure storage of toxic material, protecting ground water for future generations. e) Add that just transition funding should be qualified to guarantee that the funding goes toward workforce development and retraining programs and impacted tribal entities. Solution F. Increase Community-Based Distributed Renewable Energy Generation a) Acknowledge innovative local wind energy technologies. Action 2.F.3 Advance Distributed Solar Policies with NorthWestern Energy a) Modify title from “Advance Distributed Solar Policies with NorthWestern Energy” to read “Advance Distributed Solar Policies” and specify continued support for lifting the 50kW net-metering cap and enabling the aggregation of meters. 399 3 b) Modify the reference to “decoupling policies” to “utility business model reform” and specify that the evaluation of any proposed reform will include input from renewable energy stakeholders. c) Add discussion on pathways to develop local microgrids. d) Reference best practices for resilient solar PV installations to prepare for more extreme weather events. 5. Vibrant & Resilient Neighborhoods Action 1.B.5 Offer a Voluntary Pathway & Incentives for Above-Code Construction a) Reference that development code relaxations and trade-offs must be carefully considered to avoid undesirable outcomes to the built environment. Action 3.G.1. Continue Regional Coordination on Compact Growth and Sustainable Development a) Advocate for county and state-wide comprehensive land-use planning. Action 3.G.2 Revise Development Code to Enhance Compact and Sustainable Development a) Add sustainable landscaping to list to desired amenities. Action H. Reduce Vulnerability of Neighborhoods and Infrastructure to Natural Hazards a) Add high winds to list of hazards. Recommend planning for a relocation process for damaged property and infrastructure located in a hazardous area. Action 3.H.4 Incorporate Resilience into Infrastructure Plans a) Note that the scope of the 2019 Climate Vulnerability Assessment and Resiliency Strategy was limited to city assets. While infrastructure and capacity outside of the city’s purview was considered in the risk assessment, it was not a comprehensive evaluation of the community. Reference current and future Continuity of Operations planning efforts. 6. Diverse & Accessible Transportation Options Action A.J.4 Pursue Sustainable Transit Funding and Expansion a) Reference need for route from airport to Bozeman. b) Better define Mobility as a Service. c) Recommend micro-transit or smaller buses for some routes. d) Reference Park and Rides at the end of bus routes and strategic locations. Action 4.J.6. Support Regional Transit Service Coordination and Outreach a) Discuss impact of tourism and in-migration on traffic. Action 4.J.2 Expand Pedestrian and Bicycle Connections and Network a) Add reference for planning and defining appropriate non-car travel to prepare for autonomous and low-speed electric modes that may threaten pedestrian safety. Action 4.J.7 Leverage Parking Policies to Encourage Other Modes of Transportation a) Under Performance Measures, “Updates to the UDC that eliminate minimum parking requirements in commercial districts and affordable housing areas and reduce parking minimums elsewhere where transit and safe routes are available” revise to read: “Pursue 400 4 updates to the Unified Development Code that eliminate minimum parking requirements in commercial districts (see Community Plan M-1.12) and affordable housing projects and reduce parking minimums elsewhere where transit and safe routes are available.” Move referenced text from Performance Measures to action narrative. b) Refer to free parking as a public subsidy that should be eliminated downtown, as referenced in the Community Plan and Downtown Plan. c) Reference need to coordinate with Montana State University on parking policies, including consideration for encouraging or prohibiting freshman from having personal vehicles. Solution L. Limit Emissions from Air Travel e) Modify the title of Solution L. “Limit Emissions from Air Travel” to “Improve Air Travel Efficiency” to better reflect the scope of actions available to the City of Bozeman. 7. Comprehensive & Sustainable Waste Reduction Action 5.M.4 Support Construction Waste Diversion a) Explore if there may be economic incentives for supporting demolition (deconstruction) businesses. 8. Regenerative Greenspace, Food Systems & Natural Environment Action 3.H.2 Advance Resilience in Development Code and Development Review d) In reference to ensuring that the development process discourages growth near potential hazards, add a reference to stream setbacks. Action 6.N.1 Support the Formation of a Local Food Council a) Expand education partnership to include Montana State University Extension and add reference to general education activities such as “individual food production efforts, community gardens and home gardening, edible landscapes, maximizing water use efficiency, and season extension practices.” b) Add Gallatin Valley Food Bank to list of partners. c) Revise “The Local Food Council will partner with the local school system to provide food economy and nutrition education early and often to students and identify opportunities to connect school and local farms” to read: “The Local Food Council will partner with local institutions to support increased engagement with our local food economy and greater understanding of the multiple benefits of procuring local/regional foods.” Action 6.N.2 Help Develop a Food System Assessment and Security Plan a) After the phrase “and with local grocery stores” insert “and other food sector businesses”. b) After the phrase, “backup generators” add “mapping infrastructure that can be invited or prepared to assist during emergencies.” Action 6.N.4 Support Local Food Production, Processing, and Distribution a) Replace the phrase “agricultural producers” with “farmers, ranchers, processors and other food sector businesses.” b) After the phrase “agricultural production” add the words “and food supply chains.” c) After the phrase “barriers to local food production” add “and distribution.” 401 5 d) Revise the phrase “larger commercial opportunities” to “new or larger commercial opportunities.” e) Acknowledge the importance of water use efficiency. Solution O. Manage and Conserve Water Resources a) Reference water supply limitations. If per capita water use remains the same, demand will meet supply approximately when we reach 83,000 people. At our current growth rate of 4.3%, demand will meet supply in about 13 years. b) Update reference to the Water Conservation Plan and optimization tool to read: The optimization tool will examine current water rights and historical yield, providing staff with the means to track and project current and future supply availability. The water conservation plan will evaluate benefit/cost for existing and future program measures to identify a volume of water the city can expect to save through demand management. Together, these initiatives will provide the city with more detailed and comprehensive look into the city’s future water supply reliability and water demand patterns. Action 6.0.2 Build on the Success of Water Conservation Education and Incentives a) Link “free online water use portal” to the City’s Dropcountr page. b) Modify “The City will establish a voluntary energy and water benchmarking program for commercial buildings” to read: “This effort will be supported by the energy and water benchmarking program for commercial buildings (Action 1.A.4).” 402