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Lot 11 Gallatin Center Subdivision
Driveway Approach Separation Deviation Request
Page 1 of 2
LOT 11 GALLATIN CENTER SUBDIVISION
DRIVEWAY APPROACH SEPARATION DEVIATION REQUEST
Gallatin TR proposes to subdivide Lot 11 of the Gallatin Center on N 19th Ave into two lots, Lot
11A and Lot 11B. The future Lot 11B is the home of the existing Bed, Bath, and Beyond, and
the City Brew building. Access into Lot 11 is currently available through N 19th Ave to the east
of the lot and Cattail Street to the south of the lot. Madison Engineering proposed an additional
access drive to the west of the existing driveway on Cattail.
This additional access is proposed to give delivery trucks an alternate route to exit the site after
delivery that does not require them to drive along the storefront, where pedestrians tend to be in
high volume going from their car to the store. Delivery trucks coming into the lot to deliver
goods will drive from west to east and turn into the back delivery drive between Lot 11 and Lot
10 to the north. This back delivery drive access is one-way. When they reach the end of the
delivery drive to the west, they will turn south on the western side of the future building to exit
the lot. To reduce mingling of pedestrians, customer vehicles, and delivery trucks, the second
access is proposed so the delivery trucks can exit essentially straight to the south. This second
access does not meet the full access separation requirements set forth in Bozeman Municipal.
Therefore we are requesting a deviation from Section UDC 38.24.090.D.3 – Minimum
Separation of the Unified Development Code.
Below is the criteria outlined by the City for consideration of the deviation request, followed by
our response to each item.
UDC 38.24.090.H Commercial developments (including residential complexes for five or
more households) which may not be able to meet the requirements of subsections C through E of
this section, and are requesting modifications from the standards, shall submit to the city
engineer a report certified by a professional engineer addressing the following site conditions,
both present and future:
a. Traffic volumes;
Response: Based on information outlined in the Institute for Traffic Engineers’ (ITE)
Trip Generation Manual (9th edition) it is estimated that each 1,000 sf of a General
Store will generate approximately 1.87 trips per Peak Hour. Based on the
assumed future 43,260 sf facility this equates to approximately 81 peak hour trips.
It is expected however for much of this traffic to enter/exit through the two other
existing driveways on Cattail St and N 19th Ave.
b. Turning movements;
Response: The driveway is designed for full turning movements.
Lot 11 Gallatin Center Subdivision
Driveway Approach Separation Deviation Request
Page 2 of 2
c. Traffic controls;
Response: A stop sign is proposed on the exit side of the driveway onto Cattail Street.
d. Site design;
Response: The proposed drive access was included in the original master site plan for
the purpose of delivery truck traffic. The proposed drive has limited flexibility
due to little distance from Max Ave, the no-access strip, and the existing driveway
into Lot 11 to the east. The existing locations of the buildings on future Lot 11B
and on Lot 10 support the need for the future buildings on Lot 11A to be where
they are shown on the site plan. This means that the delivery trucks will be
required to travel on the path shown in the exhibit attached to this deviation,
which is also the most efficient and safe path for the trucks to drive. This
proposed access will allow delivery trucks to avoid driving along the future
storefront, where many pedestrians will likely be.
e. Sight distances;
Response: Site distance is unobstructed in all directions on Cattail Street.
f. Location and alignment of other access points.
Response: There are no other practical options available if pedestrian and delivery
truck mingling along the storefront is to be avoided. The existing access to the
east on Cattail Street is angled toward the east, which would disallow delivery
truck drivers to exit there unless they first went along the storefront.
Water Features
This table gives estimates of various soil water features. The estimates are used
in land use planning that involves engineering considerations.
Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are
assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the
soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive
precipitation from long-duration storms.
The four hydrologic soil groups are:
Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively
drained sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water
transmission.
Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These
consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well
drained soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture.
These soils have a moderate rate of water transmission.
Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or
soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of
water transmission.
Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell
potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay
layer at or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious
material. These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission.
If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is
for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas.
Surface runoff refers to the loss of water from an area by flow over the land
surface. Surface runoff classes are based on slope, climate, and vegetative
cover. The concept indicates relative runoff for very specific conditions. It is
assumed that the surface of the soil is bare and that the retention of surface
water resulting from irregularities in the ground surface is minimal. The classes
are negligible, very low, low, medium, high, and very high.
The months in the table indicate the portion of the year in which a water table,
ponding, and/or flooding is most likely to be a concern.
Water Features---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
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Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil. The water features table
indicates, by month, depth to the top ( upper limit ) and base ( lower limit ) of the
saturated zone in most years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits are based
mainly on observations of the water table at selected sites and on evidence of a
saturated zone, namely grayish colors or mottles (redoximorphic features) in the
soil. A saturated zone that lasts for less than a month is not considered a water
table. The kind of water table, apparent or perched, is given if a seasonal high
water table exists in the soil. A water table is perched if free water is restricted
from moving downward in the soil by a restrictive feature, in most cases a
hardpan; there is a dry layer of soil underneath a wet layer. A water table is
apparent if free water is present in all horizons from its upper boundary to below
2 meters or to the depth of observation. The water table kind listed is for the first
major component in the map unit.
Ponding is standing water in a closed depression. Unless a drainage system is
installed, the water is removed only by percolation, transpiration, or evaporation.
The table indicates surface water depth and the duration and frequency of
ponding. Duration is expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2 to 7
days, long if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is
expressed as none, rare, occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is
not probable; rare that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather
conditions (the chance of ponding is nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year);
occasional that it occurs, on the average, once or less in 2 years (the chance of
ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); and frequent that it occurs, on the
average, more than once in 2 years (the chance of ponding is more than 50
percent in any year).
Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area caused by overflowing streams,
by runoff from adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short periods after
rainfall or snowmelt is not considered flooding, and water standing in swamps
and marshes is considered ponding rather than flooding.
Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is expressed as extremely brief if
0.1 hour to 4 hours, very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to
30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none,
very rare, rare, occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means that
flooding is not probable; very rare that it is very unlikely but possible under
extremely unusual weather conditions (the chance of flooding is less than 1
percent in any year); rare that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather
conditions (the chance of flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it
occurs infrequently under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is 5
to 50 percent in any year); frequent that it is likely to occur often under normal
weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in any year
but is less than 50 percent in all months in any year); and very frequent that it is
likely to occur very often under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding
is more than 50 percent in all months of any year).
The information is based on evidence in the soil profile, namely thin strata of
gravel, sand, silt, or clay deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic
matter content with increasing depth; and little or no horizon development.
Water Features---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
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Also considered are local information about the extent and levels of flooding and
the relation of each soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information on the
extent of flooding based on soil data is less specific than that provided by
detailed engineering surveys that delineate flood-prone areas at specific flood
frequency levels.
Water Features---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 3 of 4
Report—Water Features
Map unit symbol and
soil name
Hydrologic
group
Surface
runoff
Month Water table Ponding Flooding
Upper limit Lower limit Kind Surface
depth
Duration Frequency Duration Frequency
Ft Ft Ft
50B—Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Blackdog C Jan-Dec —————None —None
57B—Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Turner B Jan-Dec —————None —None
Data Source Information
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area, Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 20, Sep 19, 2016
Water Features---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 4 of 4
Hydric Soil List - All Components
This table lists the map unit components and their hydric status in the survey
area. This list can help in planning land uses; however, onsite investigation is
recommended to determine the hydric soils on a specific site (National Research
Council, 1995; Hurt and others, 2002).
The three essential characteristics of wetlands are hydrophytic vegetation, hydric
soils, and wetland hydrology (Cowardin and others, 1979; U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, 1987; National Research Council, 1995; Tiner, 1985). Criteria for all of
the characteristics must be met for areas to be identified as wetlands. Undrained
hydric soils that have natural vegetation should support a dominant population of
ecological wetland plant species. Hydric soils that have been converted to other
uses should be capable of being restored to wetlands.
Hydric soils are defined by the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils
(NTCHS) as soils that formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or ponding
long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the
upper part (Federal Register, 1994). These soils, under natural conditions, are
either saturated or inundated long enough during the growing season to support
the growth and reproduction of hydrophytic vegetation.
The NTCHS definition identifies general soil properties that are associated with
wetness. In order to determine whether a specific soil is a hydric soil or nonhydric
soil, however, more specific information, such as information about the depth and
duration of the water table, is needed. Thus, criteria that identify those estimated
soil properties unique to hydric soils have been established (Federal Register,
2002). These criteria are used to identify map unit components that normally are
associated with wetlands. The criteria used are selected estimated soil properties
that are described in "Soil Taxonomy" (Soil Survey Staff, 1999) and "Keys to Soil
Taxonomy" (Soil Survey Staff, 2006) and in the "Soil Survey Manual" (Soil Survey
Division Staff, 1993).
If soils are wet enough for a long enough period of time to be considered hydric,
they should exhibit certain properties that can be easily observed in the field.
These visible properties are indicators of hydric soils. The indicators used to
make onsite determinations of hydric soils are specified in "Field Indicators of
Hydric Soils in the United States" (Hurt and Vasilas, 2006).
Hydric soils are identified by examining and describing the soil to a depth of
about 20 inches. This depth may be greater if determination of an appropriate
indicator so requires. It is always recommended that soils be excavated and
described to the depth necessary for an understanding of the redoximorphic
processes. Then, using the completed soil descriptions, soil scientists can
compare the soil features required by each indicator and specify which indicators
have been matched with the conditions observed in the soil. The soil can be
identified as a hydric soil if at least one of the approved indicators is present.
Map units that are dominantly made up of hydric soils may have small areas, or
inclusions, of nonhydric soils in the higher positions on the landform, and map
units dominantly made up of nonhydric soils may have inclusions of hydric soils
in the lower positions on the landform.
The criteria for hydric soils are represented by codes in the table (for example,
2). Definitions for the codes are as follows:
Hydric Soil List - All Components---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
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1. All Histels except for Folistels, and Histosols except for Folists.
2. Soils in Aquic suborders, great groups, or subgroups, Albolls suborder,
Historthels great group, Histoturbels great group, Pachic subgroups, or
Cumulic subgroups that:
A. Based on the range of characteristics for the soil series, will at least in
part meet one or more Field Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United
States, or
B. Show evidence that the soil meets the definition of a hydric soil;
3. Soils that are frequently ponded for long or very long duration during the
growing season.
A. Based on the range of characteristics for the soil series, will at least in
part meet one or more Field Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United
States, or
B. Show evidence that the soil meets the definition of a hydric soil;
4. Map unit components that are frequently flooded for long duration or very
long duration during the growing season that:
A. Based on the range of characteristics for the soil series, will at least in
part meet one or more Field Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United
States, or
B. Show evidence that the soil meets the definition of a hydric soil;
Hydric Condition: Food Security Act information regarding the ability to grow a
commodity crop without removing woody vegetation or manipulating hydrology.
References:
Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.
Federal Register. Doc. 2012-4733 Filed 2-28-12. February, 28, 2012. Hydric soils
of the United States.
Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18.
Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for
making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources
Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436.
Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
Vasilas, L.M., G.W. Hurt, and C.V. Noble, editors. Version 7.0, 2010. Field
indicators of hydric soils in the United States.
Hydric Soil List - All Components---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 2 of 3
Report—Hydric Soil List - All Components
Hydric Soil List - All Components–MT622-Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol and map unit name Component/Local
Phase
Comp.
pct.
Landform Hydric
status
Hydric criteria met
(code)
50B: Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4
percent slopes
Blackdog 90 Stream terraces No —
Meagher 4 Alluvial fans,stream
terraces
No —
Bowery 3 Alluvial fans,stream
terraces
No —
Quagle 3 Stream terraces No —
57B: Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
Turner 85 Stream terraces No —
Beaverton 5 Stream
terraces,alluvial
fans
No —
Martinsdale 5 Alluvial fans,stream
terraces
No —
Corbly 5 Alluvial fans,stream
terraces
No —
Data Source Information
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area, Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 20, Sep 19, 2016
Hydric Soil List - All Components---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 3 of 3
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings
Soil properties influence the development of building sites, including the selection
of the site, the design of the structure, construction, performance after
construction, and maintenance. This table shows the degree and kind of soil
limitations that affect dwellings and small commercial buildings.
The ratings in the table are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms
indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that
affect building site development. Not limited indicates that the soil has features
that are very favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low
maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has
features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can
be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair
performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates
that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use.
The limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation,
special design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high
maintenance can be expected.
Numerical ratings in the table indicate the severity of individual limitations. The
ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate
gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative
impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation
(0.00).
Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories or less. For dwellings without
basements, the foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced
concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of maximum
frost penetration, whichever is deeper. For dwellings with basements, the
foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced concrete built
on undisturbed soil at a depth of about 7 feet. The ratings for dwellings are based
on the soil properties that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without
movement and on the properties that affect excavation and construction costs.
The properties that affect the load-supporting capacity include depth to a water
table, ponding, flooding, subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential),
and compressibility. Compressibility is inferred from the Unified classification. The
properties that affect the ease and amount of excavation include depth to a water
table, ponding, flooding, slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of
bedrock or a cemented pan, and the amount and size of rock fragments.
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
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Small commercial buildings are structures that are less than three stories high
and do not have basements. The foundation is assumed to consist of spread
footings of reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at
the depth of maximum frost penetration, whichever is deeper. The ratings are
based on the soil properties that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load
without movement and on the properties that affect excavation and construction
costs. The properties that affect the load-supporting capacity include depth to a
water table, ponding, flooding, subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell
potential), and compressibility (which is inferred from the Unified classification).
The properties that affect the ease and amount of excavation include flooding,
depth to a water table, ponding, slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan,
hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, and the amount and size of rock
fragments.
Information in this table is intended for land use planning, for evaluating land use
alternatives, and for planning site investigations prior to design and construction.
The information, however, has limitations. For example, estimates and other data
generally apply only to that part of the soil between the surface and a depth of 5
to 7 feet. Because of the map scale, small areas of different soils may be
included within the mapped areas of a specific soil.
The information is not site specific and does not eliminate the need for onsite
investigation of the soils or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in
the design and construction of engineering works.
Government ordinances and regulations that restrict certain land uses or impose
specific design criteria were not considered in preparing the information in this
table. Local ordinances and regulations should be considered in planning, in site
selection, and in design.
Report—Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings
[Onsite investigation may be needed to validate the interpretations in this table
and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. The numbers in the value
columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the potential
limitation. The table shows only the top five limitations for any given soil. The soil
may have additional limitations]
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol and soil
name
Pct. of
map
unit
Dwellings without
basements
Dwellings with basements Small commercial buildings
Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value
50B—Blackdog silt
loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
Blackdog 90 Not limited Not limited Not limited
57B—Turner loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Turner 85 Somewhat limited Not limited Somewhat limited
Shrink-swell 0.01 Shrink-swell 0.01
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 2 of 3
Data Source Information
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area, Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 20, Sep 19, 2016
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 3 of 3
Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and
Landscaping
Soil properties influence the development of building sites, including the selection
of the site, the design of the structure, construction, performance after
construction, and maintenance. This table shows the degree and kind of soil
limitations that affect local roads and streets, shallow excavations, and lawns and
landscaping.
The ratings in the table are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms
indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that
affect building site development. Not limited indicates that the soil has features
that are very favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low
maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has
features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can
be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair
performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates
that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use.
The limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation,
special design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high
maintenance can be expected.
Numerical ratings in the table indicate the severity of individual limitations. The
ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate
gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative
impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation
(0.00).
Local roads and streets have an all-weather surface and carry automobile and
light truck traffic all year. They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material; a base
of gravel, crushed rock, or soil material stabilized by lime or cement; and a
surface of flexible material (asphalt), rigid material (concrete), or gravel with a
binder. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect the ease of
excavation and grading and the traffic-supporting capacity. The properties that
affect the ease of excavation and grading are depth to bedrock or a cemented
pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, depth to a water table, ponding,
flooding, the amount of large stones, and slope. The properties that affect the
traffic-supporting capacity are soil strength (as inferred from the AASHTO group
index number), subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential), the
potential for frost action, depth to a water table, and ponding.
Shallow excavations are trenches or holes dug to a maximum depth of 5 or 6 feet
for graves, utility lines, open ditches, or other purposes. The ratings are based on
the soil properties that influence the ease of digging and the resistance to
sloughing. Depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a
cemented pan, the amount of large stones, and dense layers influence the ease
of digging, filling, and compacting. Depth to the seasonal high water table,
flooding, and ponding may restrict the period when excavations can be made.
Slope influences the ease of using machinery. Soil texture, depth to the water
table, and linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential) influence the resistance to
sloughing.
Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping---Gallatin County Area,
Montana
Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 1 of 3
Lawns and landscaping require soils on which turf and ornamental trees and
shrubs can be established and maintained. Irrigation is not considered in the
ratings. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect plant growth and
trafficability after vegetation is established. The properties that affect plant growth
are reaction; depth to a water table; ponding; depth to bedrock or a cemented
pan; the available water capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of salts,
sodium, or calcium carbonate; and sulfidic materials. The properties that affect
trafficability are flooding, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, stoniness, and
the amount of sand, clay, or organic matter in the surface layer.
Information in this table is intended for land use planning, for evaluating land use
alternatives, and for planning site investigations prior to design and construction.
The information, however, has limitations. For example, estimates and other data
generally apply only to that part of the soil between the surface and a depth of 5
to 7 feet. Because of the map scale, small areas of different soils may be
included within the mapped areas of a specific soil.
The information is not site specific and does not eliminate the need for onsite
investigation of the soils or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in
the design and construction of engineering works.
Government ordinances and regulations that restrict certain land uses or impose
specific design criteria were not considered in preparing the information in this
table. Local ordinances and regulations should be considered in planning, in site
selection, and in design.
Report—Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns
and Landscaping
[Onsite investigation may be needed to validate the interpretations in this table
and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. The numbers in the value
columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the potential
limitation. The table shows only the top five limitations for any given soil. The soil
may have additional limitations]
Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol and soil
name
Pct. of
map
unit
Lawns and landscaping Local roads and streets Shallow excavations
Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value
50B—Blackdog silt
loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
Blackdog 90 Somewhat limited Somewhat limited Somewhat limited
Dusty 0.07 Low strength 0.93 Dusty 0.07
Frost action 0.50 Unstable excavation
walls
0.01
Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping---Gallatin County Area,
Montana
Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 2 of 3
Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol and soil
name
Pct. of
map
unit
Lawns and landscaping Local roads and streets Shallow excavations
Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value
57B—Turner loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Turner 85 Somewhat limited Somewhat limited Somewhat limited
Dusty 0.09 Frost action 0.50 Dusty 0.09
Shrink-swell 0.01 Unstable excavation
walls
0.01
Data Source Information
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area, Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 20, Sep 19, 2016
Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping---Gallatin County Area,
Montana
Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 3 of 3
Physical Soil Properties
This table shows estimates of some physical characteristics and features that
affect soil behavior. These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in the
survey area. The estimates are based on field observations and on test data for
these and similar soils.
Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.
Particle size is the effective diameter of a soil particle as measured by
sedimentation, sieving, or micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as
classes with specific effective diameter class limits. The broad classes are sand,
silt, and clay, ranging from the larger to the smaller.
Sand as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.05 millimeter
to 2 millimeters in diameter. In this table, the estimated sand content of each soil
layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2
millimeters in diameter.
Silt as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.002 to 0.05
millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated silt content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2
millimeters in diameter.
Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are less than 0.002
millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated clay content of each soil layer
is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2
millimeters in diameter.
The content of sand, silt, and clay affects the physical behavior of a soil. Particle
size is important for engineering and agronomic interpretations, for determination
of soil hydrologic qualities, and for soil classification.
The amount and kind of clay affect the fertility and physical condition of the soil
and the ability of the soil to adsorb cations and to retain moisture. They influence
shrink-swell potential, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), plasticity, the ease
of soil dispersion, and other soil properties. The amount and kind of clay in a soil
also affect tillage and earthmoving operations.
Moist bulk density is the weight of soil (ovendry) per unit volume. Volume is
measured when the soil is at field moisture capacity, that is, the moisture content
at 1/3- or 1/10-bar (33kPa or 10kPa) moisture tension. Weight is determined after
the soil is dried at 105 degrees C. In the table, the estimated moist bulk density
of each soil horizon is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter of soil material
that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. Bulk density data are used to compute
linear extensibility, shrink-swell potential, available water capacity, total pore
space, and other soil properties. The moist bulk density of a soil indicates the
pore space available for water and roots. Depending on soil texture, a bulk
density of more than 1.4 can restrict water storage and root penetration. Moist
bulk density is influenced by texture, kind of clay, content of organic matter, and
soil structure.
Physical Soil Properties---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 1 of 5
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) refers to the ease with which pores in a
saturated soil transmit water. The estimates in the table are expressed in terms
of micrometers per second. They are based on soil characteristics observed in
the field, particularly structure, porosity, and texture. Saturated hydraulic
conductivity (Ksat) is considered in the design of soil drainage systems and
septic tank absorption fields.
Available water capacity refers to the quantity of water that the soil is capable of
storing for use by plants. The capacity for water storage is given in inches of
water per inch of soil for each soil layer. The capacity varies, depending on soil
properties that affect retention of water. The most important properties are the
content of organic matter, soil texture, bulk density, and soil structure. Available
water capacity is an important factor in the choice of plants or crops to be grown
and in the design and management of irrigation systems. Available water
capacity is not an estimate of the quantity of water actually available to plants at
any given time.
Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as
moisture content is decreased from a moist to a dry state. It is an expression of
the volume change between the water content of the clod at 1/3- or 1/10-bar
tension (33kPa or 10kPa tension) and oven dryness. The volume change is
reported in the table as percent change for the whole soil. The amount and type
of clay minerals in the soil influence volume change.
Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrink-swell potential of soils. The
shrink-swell potential is low if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than 3
percent; moderate if 3 to 6 percent; high if 6 to 9 percent; and very high if more
than 9 percent. If the linear extensibility is more than 3, shrinking and swelling
can cause damage to buildings, roads, and other structures and to plant roots.
Special design commonly is needed.
Organic matter is the plant and animal residue in the soil at various stages of
decomposition. In this table, the estimated content of organic matter is expressed
as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in
diameter. The content of organic matter in a soil can be maintained by returning
crop residue to the soil.
Organic matter has a positive effect on available water capacity, water infiltration,
soil organism activity, and tilth. It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients for
crops and soil organisms.
Erosion factors are shown in the table as the K factor (Kw and Kf) and the T
factor. Erosion factor K indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill
erosion by water. Factor K is one of six factors used in the Universal Soil Loss
Equation (USLE) and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to
predict the average annual rate of soil loss by sheet and rill erosion in tons per
acre per year. The estimates are based primarily on percentage of silt, sand, and
organic matter and on soil structure and Ksat. Values of K range from 0.02 to
0.69. Other factors being equal, the higher the value, the more susceptible the
soil is to sheet and rill erosion by water.
Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the whole soil. The estimates are
modified by the presence of rock fragments.
Erosion factor Kf indicates the erodibility of the fine-earth fraction, or the material
less than 2 millimeters in size.
Physical Soil Properties---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 2 of 5
Erosion factor T is an estimate of the maximum average annual rate of soil
erosion by wind and/or water that can occur without affecting crop productivity
over a sustained period. The rate is in tons per acre per year.
Wind erodibility groups are made up of soils that have similar properties affecting
their susceptibility to wind erosion in cultivated areas. The soils assigned to
group 1 are the most susceptible to wind erosion, and those assigned to group 8
are the least susceptible. The groups are described in the "National Soil Survey
Handbook."
Wind erodibility index is a numerical value indicating the susceptibility of soil to
wind erosion, or the tons per acre per year that can be expected to be lost to
wind erosion. There is a close correlation between wind erosion and the texture
of the surface layer, the size and durability of surface clods, rock fragments,
organic matter, and a calcareous reaction. Soil moisture and frozen soil layers
also influence wind erosion.
Reference:
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation
Service. National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. (http://soils.usda.gov)
Physical Soil Properties---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 3 of 5
Report—Physical Soil Properties
Three values are provided to identify the expected Low (L), Representative Value (R), and High (H).
Physical Soil Properties–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol
and soil name
Depth Sand Silt Clay Moist
bulk
density
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Available
water
capacity
Linear
extensibility
Organic
matter
Erosion
factors
Wind
erodibility
group
Wind
erodibility
indexKwKfT
In Pct Pct Pct g/cc micro m/sec In/In Pct Pct
50B—Blackdog
silt loam, 0 to
4 percent
slopes
Blackdog 0-10 - 9--67-20-24- 27 1.10-1.20
-1.30
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.18-0.19-0.
20
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 2.0- 3.0-
4.0
.37 .37 5 6 48
10-19 - 7--62-27-31- 35 1.20-1.30
-1.40
1.40-2.70-4.00 0.16-0.18-0.
20
3.0- 4.5- 5.9 1.0- 2.0-
3.0
.37 .37
19-60 -11--69-15-20- 25 1.20-1.30
-1.40
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.16-0.18-0.
20
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 0.5- 0.8-
1.0
.49 .49
57B—Turner
loam, 0 to 4
percent
slopes
Turner 0-6 -42--37-15-21- 27 1.10-1.20
-1.30
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.15-0.17-0.
19
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 2.0- 3.0-
4.0
.24 .24 3 6 48
6-12 -34--37-25-30- 35 1.30-1.40
-1.50
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.12-0.15-0.
18
3.0- 4.5- 5.9 0.5- 1.3-
2.0
.28 .28
12-26 -34--38-18-28- 35 1.35-1.43
-1.50
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.12-0.15-0.
18
3.0- 4.5- 5.9 0.0- 0.3-
0.5
.32 .32
26-60 -81--17-0- 3- 5 1.35-1.43
-1.50
42.00-92.00-14
1.00
0.01-0.04-0.
06
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 0.0- 0.3-
0.5
.05 .15
Physical Soil Properties---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 4 of 5
Data Source Information
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area, Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 20, Sep 19, 2016
Physical Soil Properties---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 5 of 5
Soil Map—Gallatin County Area, Montana
(Gallatin Center Lot 11)
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 1 of 350614705061530506159050616505061710506177050618305061470506153050615905061650506171050617705061830494440494500494560494620494680494740494800494860494920494980495040
494440 494500 494560 494620 494680 494740 494800 494860 494920 494980 495040
45° 42' 36'' N 111° 4' 17'' W45° 42' 36'' N111° 3' 48'' W45° 42' 23'' N
111° 4' 17'' W45° 42' 23'' N
111° 3' 48'' WN
Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 12N WGS84
0 100 200 400 600
Feet
0 40 80 160 240
Meters
Map Scale: 1:2,860 if printed on A landscape (11" x 8.5") sheet.
Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest (AOI)
Area of Interest (AOI)
Soils
Soil Map Unit Polygons
Soil Map Unit Lines
Soil Map Unit Points
Special Point Features
Blowout
Borrow Pit
Clay Spot
Closed Depression
Gravel Pit
Gravelly Spot
Landfill
Lava Flow
Marsh or swamp
Mine or Quarry
Miscellaneous Water
Perennial Water
Rock Outcrop
Saline Spot
Sandy Spot
Severely Eroded Spot
Sinkhole
Slide or Slip
Sodic Spot
Spoil Area
Stony Spot
Very Stony Spot
Wet Spot
Other
Special Line Features
Water Features
Streams and Canals
Transportation
Rails
Interstate Highways
US Routes
Major Roads
Local Roads
Background
Aerial Photography
The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
1:24,000.
Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
scale.
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857)
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts
distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the
Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s) listed below.
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area, Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 20, Sep 19, 2016
Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Aug 3, 2009—Sep 1,
2016
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
Soil Map—Gallatin County Area, Montana
(Gallatin Center Lot 11)
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 2 of 3
Map Unit Legend
Gallatin County Area, Montana (MT622)
Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
50B Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4
percent slopes
10.0 33.7%
57B Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
19.7 66.3%
Totals for Area of Interest 29.7 100.0%
Soil Map—Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 3 of 3
United States
Department of
Agriculture
A product of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey,
a joint effort of the United
States Department of
Agriculture and other
Federal agencies, State
agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment
Stations, and local
participants
Custom Soil Resource
Report for
Gallatin County
Area, MontanaNatural
Resources
Conservation
Service
August 25, 2017
Preface
Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas.
They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information
about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for
many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban
planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers.
Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste
disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand,
protect, or enhance the environment.
Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose
special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil
properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions.
The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of
soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for
identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.
Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area
planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some
cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/
portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering
applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center
(https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State Soil
Scientist (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/contactus/?
cid=nrcs142p2_053951).
Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are
seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a
foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as
septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to
basements or underground installations.
The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States
Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources
Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey.
Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available
through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its
programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability,
and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion,
sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a
part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not
all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require
2
alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,
audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice
and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of
Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or
call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity
provider and employer.
3
Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................2
How Soil Surveys Are Made..................................................................................5
Soil Map.................................................................................................................. 8
Soil Map................................................................................................................9
Legend................................................................................................................10
Map Unit Legend................................................................................................ 11
Map Unit Descriptions.........................................................................................11
Gallatin County Area, Montana.......................................................................13
50B—Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes..........................................13
57B—Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes....................................................14
References............................................................................................................16
4
How Soil Surveys Are Made
Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous
areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous
areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and
limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length,
and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and
native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil
profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The
profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the
soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is
devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other
biological activity.
Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource
areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that
share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water
resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey
areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA.
The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that
is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the
area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind
of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and
miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific
segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they
were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict
with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a
specific location on the landscape.
Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their
characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil
scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only
a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented
by an understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to
verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.
Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They
noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock
fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them
to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their
properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units).
Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil
characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for
comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic
classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character
of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil
5
scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the
individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that
they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and
research.
The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the
objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that
have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a
unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable
proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components
of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way
diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such
landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite
investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.
Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map.
The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of
mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape,
and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the
soil-landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at
specific locations. Once the soil-landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller
number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded.
These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color,
depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for
content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil
typically vary from one point to another across the landscape.
Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of
characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct
measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit
component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other
properties.
While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally
are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists
interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field-observed
characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the
soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through
observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management.
Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new
interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other
sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of
specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management
are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same
kinds of soil.
Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on
such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over
long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example,
soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will
have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict
that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.
After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the
survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and
Custom Soil Resource Report
6
identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings,
fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately.
Custom Soil Resource Report
7
Soil Map
The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of
soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols
displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to
produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.
8
9
Custom Soil Resource Report
Soil Map
50615005061560506162050616805061740506180050618605061500506156050616205061680506174050618005061860494420 494480 494540 494600 494660 494720 494780 494840 494900 494960 495020
494420 494480 494540 494600 494660 494720 494780 494840 494900 494960 495020
45° 42' 37'' N 111° 4' 18'' W45° 42' 37'' N111° 3' 49'' W45° 42' 24'' N
111° 4' 18'' W45° 42' 24'' N
111° 3' 49'' WN
Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 12N WGS84
0 100 200 400 600
Feet
0 40 80 160 240
Meters
Map Scale: 1:2,830 if printed on A landscape (11" x 8.5") sheet.
Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest (AOI)
Area of Interest (AOI)
Soils
Soil Map Unit Polygons
Soil Map Unit Lines
Soil Map Unit Points
Special Point Features
Blowout
Borrow Pit
Clay Spot
Closed Depression
Gravel Pit
Gravelly Spot
Landfill
Lava Flow
Marsh or swamp
Mine or Quarry
Miscellaneous Water
Perennial Water
Rock Outcrop
Saline Spot
Sandy Spot
Severely Eroded Spot
Sinkhole
Slide or Slip
Sodic Spot
Spoil Area
Stony Spot
Very Stony Spot
Wet Spot
Other
Special Line Features
Water Features
Streams and Canals
Transportation
Rails
Interstate Highways
US Routes
Major Roads
Local Roads
Background
Aerial Photography
The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
1:24,000.
Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
scale.
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857)
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts
distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the
Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s) listed below.
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area, Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 20, Sep 19, 2016
Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Aug 3, 2009—Sep 1,
2016
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
Custom Soil Resource Report
10
Map Unit Legend
Gallatin County Area, Montana (MT622)
Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
50B Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4
percent slopes
8.5 28.2%
57B Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
21.6 71.8%
Totals for Area of Interest 30.1 100.0%
Map Unit Descriptions
The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the
soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along
with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.
A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more
major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named
according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic
class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the
landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the
characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some
observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class.
Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without
including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made
up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor
components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.
Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the
map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called
noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a
particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties
and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different
management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They
generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the
scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas
are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a
given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit
descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor
components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not
mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it
was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and
miscellaneous areas on the landscape.
The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the
usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate
pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or
landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The
delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
Custom Soil Resource Report
11
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however,
onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous
areas.
An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.
Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil
properties and qualities.
Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for
differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major
horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.
Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness,
salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the
basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas
shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase
commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha
silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.
Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.
These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.
A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate
pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps.
The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar
in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.
An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or
miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present
or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered
practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The
pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat
similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas
that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar
interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion
of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can
be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made
up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil
material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.
Custom Soil Resource Report
12
Gallatin County Area, Montana
50B—Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 56vq
Elevation: 4,350 to 5,500 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 15 to 19 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 37 to 43 degrees F
Frost-free period: 90 to 110 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Blackdog and similar soils: 90 percent
Minor components: 10 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Blackdog
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Calcareous loess
Typical profile
A - 0 to 10 inches: silt loam
Bt - 10 to 19 inches: silty clay loam
Bk - 19 to 60 inches: silt loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 4 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20
to 0.57 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 30 percent
Available water storage in profile: High (about 10.9 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Meagher
Percent of map unit: 4 percent
Landform: Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
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Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Bowery
Percent of map unit: 3 percent
Landform: Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Quagle
Percent of map unit: 3 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Limy (Ly) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS357MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
57B—Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 56xd
Elevation: 4,350 to 5,400 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 15 to 19 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F
Frost-free period: 90 to 110 days
Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated
Map Unit Composition
Turner and similar soils: 85 percent
Minor components: 15 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Turner
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Alluvium
Typical profile
A - 0 to 6 inches: loam
Bt - 6 to 12 inches: clay loam
Bk - 12 to 26 inches: clay loam
2C - 26 to 60 inches: very gravelly loamy sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 4 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Custom Soil Resource Report
14
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 15 percent
Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0
mmhos/cm)
Available water storage in profile: Low (about 5.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Beaverton
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Stream terraces, alluvial fans
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Shallow to Gravel (SwGr) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS354MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Martinsdale
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Corbly
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Shallow to Gravel (SwGr) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS354MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Custom Soil Resource Report
15
References
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling
and testing. 24th edition.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of
wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service FWS/OBS-79/31.
Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.
Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.
Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric
soils in the United States.
National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.
Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262
Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for
making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577
Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580
Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands
Section.
United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of
Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical
Report Y-87-1.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National forestry manual. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/
home/?cid=nrcs142p2_053374
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/
detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084
16
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nrcs/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nrcs142p2_054242
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States,
the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook
296. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?
cid=nrcs142p2_053624
United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land
capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http://
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052290.pdf
Custom Soil Resource Report
17
United States
Department of
Agriculture
A product of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey,
a joint effort of the United
States Department of
Agriculture and other
Federal agencies, State
agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment
Stations, and local
participants
Custom Soil Resource
Report for
Gallatin County
Area, MontanaNatural
Resources
Conservation
Service
August 25, 2017
Preface
Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas.
They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information
about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for
many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban
planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers.
Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste
disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand,
protect, or enhance the environment.
Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose
special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil
properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions.
The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of
soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for
identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.
Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area
planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some
cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/
portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering
applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center
(https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State Soil
Scientist (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/contactus/?
cid=nrcs142p2_053951).
Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are
seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a
foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as
septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to
basements or underground installations.
The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States
Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources
Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey.
Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available
through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its
programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability,
and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion,
sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a
part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not
all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require
2
alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,
audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice
and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of
Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or
call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity
provider and employer.
3
Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................2
How Soil Surveys Are Made..................................................................................5
Soil Map.................................................................................................................. 8
Soil Map................................................................................................................9
Legend................................................................................................................10
Map Unit Legend................................................................................................ 11
Map Unit Descriptions.........................................................................................11
Gallatin County Area, Montana.......................................................................13
50B—Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes..........................................13
57B—Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes....................................................14
64B—Straw loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes.....................................................15
509B—Enbar loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes...................................................17
Soil Information for All Uses...............................................................................19
Soil Reports........................................................................................................19
Building Site Development..............................................................................19
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings................................................19
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings................................................21
Soil Physical Properties..................................................................................23
Engineering Properties................................................................................23
Particle Size and Coarse Fragments...........................................................28
Physical Soil Properties...............................................................................30
Water Features............................................................................................... 35
Water Features............................................................................................35
References............................................................................................................38
4
How Soil Surveys Are Made
Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous
areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous
areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and
limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length,
and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and
native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil
profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The
profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the
soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is
devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other
biological activity.
Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource
areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that
share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water
resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey
areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA.
The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that
is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the
area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind
of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and
miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific
segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they
were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict
with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a
specific location on the landscape.
Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their
characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil
scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only
a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented
by an understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to
verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.
Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They
noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock
fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them
to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their
properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units).
Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil
characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for
comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic
classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character
of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil
5
scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the
individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that
they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and
research.
The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the
objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that
have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a
unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable
proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components
of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way
diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such
landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite
investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.
Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map.
The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of
mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape,
and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the
soil-landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at
specific locations. Once the soil-landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller
number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded.
These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color,
depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for
content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil
typically vary from one point to another across the landscape.
Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of
characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct
measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit
component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other
properties.
While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally
are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists
interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field-observed
characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the
soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through
observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management.
Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new
interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other
sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of
specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management
are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same
kinds of soil.
Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on
such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over
long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example,
soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will
have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict
that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.
After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the
survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and
Custom Soil Resource Report
6
identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings,
fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately.
Custom Soil Resource Report
7
Soil Map
The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of
soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols
displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to
produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.
8
9
Custom Soil Resource Report
Soil Map
5061470506154050616105061680506175050618205061890506147050615405061610506168050617505061820494410 494480 494550 494620 494690 494760 494830 494900 494970 495040
494410 494480 494550 494620 494690 494760 494830 494900 494970 495040
45° 42' 37'' N 111° 4' 18'' W45° 42' 37'' N111° 3' 48'' W45° 42' 24'' N
111° 4' 18'' W45° 42' 24'' N
111° 3' 48'' WN
Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 12N WGS84
0 100 200 400 600
Feet
0 40 80 160 240
Meters
Map Scale: 1:3,000 if printed on A landscape (11" x 8.5") sheet.
Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest (AOI)
Area of Interest (AOI)
Soils
Soil Map Unit Polygons
Soil Map Unit Lines
Soil Map Unit Points
Special Point Features
Blowout
Borrow Pit
Clay Spot
Closed Depression
Gravel Pit
Gravelly Spot
Landfill
Lava Flow
Marsh or swamp
Mine or Quarry
Miscellaneous Water
Perennial Water
Rock Outcrop
Saline Spot
Sandy Spot
Severely Eroded Spot
Sinkhole
Slide or Slip
Sodic Spot
Spoil Area
Stony Spot
Very Stony Spot
Wet Spot
Other
Special Line Features
Water Features
Streams and Canals
Transportation
Rails
Interstate Highways
US Routes
Major Roads
Local Roads
Background
Aerial Photography
The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
1:24,000.
Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
scale.
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857)
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts
distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the
Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s) listed below.
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area, Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 20, Sep 19, 2016
Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Aug 3, 2009—Sep 1,
2016
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
Custom Soil Resource Report
10
Map Unit Legend
Gallatin County Area, Montana (MT622)
Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
50B Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4
percent slopes
14.5 34.9%
57B Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
26.1 62.8%
64B Straw loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
0.9 2.1%
509B Enbar loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
0.1 0.3%
Totals for Area of Interest 41.6 100.0%
Map Unit Descriptions
The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the
soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along
with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.
A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more
major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named
according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic
class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the
landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the
characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some
observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class.
Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without
including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made
up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor
components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.
Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the
map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called
noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a
particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties
and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different
management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They
generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the
scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas
are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a
given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit
descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor
components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not
mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it
was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and
miscellaneous areas on the landscape.
Custom Soil Resource Report
11
The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the
usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate
pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or
landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The
delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however,
onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous
areas.
An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.
Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil
properties and qualities.
Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for
differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major
horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.
Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness,
salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the
basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas
shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase
commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha
silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.
Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.
These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.
A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate
pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps.
The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar
in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.
An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or
miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present
or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered
practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The
pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat
similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas
that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar
interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion
of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can
be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made
up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil
material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.
Custom Soil Resource Report
12
Gallatin County Area, Montana
50B—Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 56vq
Elevation: 4,350 to 5,500 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 15 to 19 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 37 to 43 degrees F
Frost-free period: 90 to 110 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Blackdog and similar soils: 90 percent
Minor components: 10 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Blackdog
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Calcareous loess
Typical profile
A - 0 to 10 inches: silt loam
Bt - 10 to 19 inches: silty clay loam
Bk - 19 to 60 inches: silt loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 4 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20
to 0.57 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 30 percent
Available water storage in profile: High (about 10.9 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Meagher
Percent of map unit: 4 percent
Landform: Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Custom Soil Resource Report
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Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Bowery
Percent of map unit: 3 percent
Landform: Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Quagle
Percent of map unit: 3 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Limy (Ly) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS357MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
57B—Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 56xd
Elevation: 4,350 to 5,400 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 15 to 19 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F
Frost-free period: 90 to 110 days
Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated
Map Unit Composition
Turner and similar soils: 85 percent
Minor components: 15 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Turner
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Alluvium
Typical profile
A - 0 to 6 inches: loam
Bt - 6 to 12 inches: clay loam
Bk - 12 to 26 inches: clay loam
2C - 26 to 60 inches: very gravelly loamy sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 4 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Custom Soil Resource Report
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Natural drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 15 percent
Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0
mmhos/cm)
Available water storage in profile: Low (about 5.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Beaverton
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Stream terraces, alluvial fans
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Shallow to Gravel (SwGr) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS354MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Martinsdale
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Corbly
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Alluvial fans, stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Shallow to Gravel (SwGr) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS354MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
64B—Straw loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 56yc
Elevation: 4,350 to 6,150 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 15 to 19 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 37 to 45 degrees F
Custom Soil Resource Report
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Frost-free period: 90 to 110 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Straw and similar soils: 90 percent
Minor components: 10 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Straw
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy alluvium
Typical profile
A - 0 to 18 inches: loam
Bk - 18 to 60 inches: loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 4 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 15 percent
Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0
mmhos/cm)
Available water storage in profile: High (about 10.8 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): 2e
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Enbar
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Flood plains
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Subirrigated (Sb) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS359MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Sudworth
Percent of map unit: 3 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Custom Soil Resource Report
16
Hydric soil rating: No
Straw
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Clayey (Cy) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS350MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
509B—Enbar loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 56vp
Elevation: 4,400 to 6,000 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 15 to 19 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 37 to 45 degrees F
Frost-free period: 90 to 110 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Enbar and similar soils: 85 percent
Minor components: 15 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Enbar
Setting
Landform: Flood plains
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy alluvium
Typical profile
A - 0 to 22 inches: loam
Cg - 22 to 49 inches: sandy loam
2C - 49 to 60 inches: very gravelly loamy sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 4 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 24 to 42 inches
Frequency of flooding: Rare
Frequency of ponding: None
Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 10 percent
Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0
mmhos/cm)
Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 8.8 inches)
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Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): 3w
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3w
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Ecological site: Subirrigated (Sb) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS359MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Nythar
Percent of map unit: 10 percent
Landform: Flood plains
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Wet Meadow (WM) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS365MT)
Hydric soil rating: Yes
Straw
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Ecological site: Silty (Si) 15-19" p.z. (R044XS355MT)
Hydric soil rating: No
Custom Soil Resource Report
18
Soil Information for All Uses
Soil Reports
The Soil Reports section includes various formatted tabular and narrative reports
(tables) containing data for each selected soil map unit and each component of
each unit. No aggregation of data has occurred as is done in reports in the Soil
Properties and Qualities and Suitabilities and Limitations sections.
The reports contain soil interpretive information as well as basic soil properties and
qualities. A description of each report (table) is included.
Building Site Development
This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present soil interpretations
related to building site development. The reports (tables) include all selected map
units and components for each map unit, limiting features and interpretive ratings.
Building site development interpretations are designed to be used as tools for
evaluating soil suitability and identifying soil limitations for various construction
purposes. As part of the interpretation process, the rating applies to each soil in its
described condition and does not consider present land use. Example
interpretations can include corrosion of concrete and steel, shallow excavations,
dwellings with and without basements, small commercial buildings, local roads and
streets, and lawns and landscaping.
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings
Soil properties influence the development of building sites, including the selection of
the site, the design of the structure, construction, performance after construction,
and maintenance. This table shows the degree and kind of soil limitations that affect
dwellings and small commercial buildings.
The ratings in the table are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate
the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect building
site development. Not limited indicates that the soil has features that are very
favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can
be expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features that are
moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or
minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and
moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one
or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally
19
cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive
installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected.
Numerical ratings in the table indicate the severity of individual limitations. The
ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate
gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative
impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation
(0.00).
Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories or less. For dwellings without
basements, the foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced
concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of maximum
frost penetration, whichever is deeper. For dwellings with basements, the foundation
is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced concrete built on undisturbed
soil at a depth of about 7 feet. The ratings for dwellings are based on the soil
properties that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without movement
and on the properties that affect excavation and construction costs. The properties
that affect the load-supporting capacity include depth to a water table, ponding,
flooding, subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and compressibility.
Compressibility is inferred from the Unified classification. The properties that affect
the ease and amount of excavation include depth to a water table, ponding,
flooding, slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a
cemented pan, and the amount and size of rock fragments.
Small commercial buildings are structures that are less than three stories high and
do not have basements. The foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of
reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of
maximum frost penetration, whichever is deeper. The ratings are based on the soil
properties that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without movement
and on the properties that affect excavation and construction costs. The properties
that affect the load-supporting capacity include depth to a water table, ponding,
flooding, subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and compressibility
(which is inferred from the Unified classification). The properties that affect the ease
and amount of excavation include flooding, depth to a water table, ponding, slope,
depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, and
the amount and size of rock fragments.
Information in this table is intended for land use planning, for evaluating land use
alternatives, and for planning site investigations prior to design and construction.
The information, however, has limitations. For example, estimates and other data
generally apply only to that part of the soil between the surface and a depth of 5 to 7
feet. Because of the map scale, small areas of different soils may be included within
the mapped areas of a specific soil.
The information is not site specific and does not eliminate the need for onsite
investigation of the soils or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in the
design and construction of engineering works.
Government ordinances and regulations that restrict certain land uses or impose
specific design criteria were not considered in preparing the information in this table.
Local ordinances and regulations should be considered in planning, in site
selection, and in design.
Custom Soil Resource Report
20
Report—Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings
[Onsite investigation may be needed to validate the interpretations in this table and
to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. The numbers in the value columns
range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the potential limitation.
The table shows only the top five limitations for any given soil. The soil may have
additional limitations]
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol and soil
name
Pct. of
map
unit
Dwellings without basements Dwellings with basements Small commercial buildings
Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value
50B—Blackdog silt
loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
Blackdog 90 Not limited Not limited Not limited
57B—Turner loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Turner 85 Somewhat limited Not limited Somewhat limited
Shrink-swell 0.01 Shrink-swell 0.01
64B—Straw loam, 0 to
4 percent slopes
Straw 90 Somewhat limited Somewhat limited Somewhat limited
Shrink-swell 0.10 Shrink-swell 0.22 Shrink-swell 0.10
509B—Enbar loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Enbar 85 Very limited Very limited Very limited
Flooding 1.00 Flooding 1.00 Flooding 1.00
Depth to saturated
zone
0.99
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings
Soil properties influence the development of building sites, including the selection of
the site, the design of the structure, construction, performance after construction,
and maintenance. This table shows the degree and kind of soil limitations that affect
dwellings and small commercial buildings.
The ratings in the table are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate
the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect building
site development. Not limited indicates that the soil has features that are very
favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can
be expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features that are
moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or
minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and
moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one
or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally
Custom Soil Resource Report
21
cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive
installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected.
Numerical ratings in the table indicate the severity of individual limitations. The
ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate
gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative
impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation
(0.00).
Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories or less. For dwellings without
basements, the foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced
concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of maximum
frost penetration, whichever is deeper. For dwellings with basements, the foundation
is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced concrete built on undisturbed
soil at a depth of about 7 feet. The ratings for dwellings are based on the soil
properties that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without movement
and on the properties that affect excavation and construction costs. The properties
that affect the load-supporting capacity include depth to a water table, ponding,
flooding, subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and compressibility.
Compressibility is inferred from the Unified classification. The properties that affect
the ease and amount of excavation include depth to a water table, ponding,
flooding, slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a
cemented pan, and the amount and size of rock fragments.
Small commercial buildings are structures that are less than three stories high and
do not have basements. The foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of
reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of
maximum frost penetration, whichever is deeper. The ratings are based on the soil
properties that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without movement
and on the properties that affect excavation and construction costs. The properties
that affect the load-supporting capacity include depth to a water table, ponding,
flooding, subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and compressibility
(which is inferred from the Unified classification). The properties that affect the ease
and amount of excavation include flooding, depth to a water table, ponding, slope,
depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, and
the amount and size of rock fragments.
Information in this table is intended for land use planning, for evaluating land use
alternatives, and for planning site investigations prior to design and construction.
The information, however, has limitations. For example, estimates and other data
generally apply only to that part of the soil between the surface and a depth of 5 to 7
feet. Because of the map scale, small areas of different soils may be included within
the mapped areas of a specific soil.
The information is not site specific and does not eliminate the need for onsite
investigation of the soils or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in the
design and construction of engineering works.
Government ordinances and regulations that restrict certain land uses or impose
specific design criteria were not considered in preparing the information in this table.
Local ordinances and regulations should be considered in planning, in site
selection, and in design.
Custom Soil Resource Report
22
Report—Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings
[Onsite investigation may be needed to validate the interpretations in this table and
to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. The numbers in the value columns
range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the potential limitation.
The table shows only the top five limitations for any given soil. The soil may have
additional limitations]
Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol and soil
name
Pct. of
map
unit
Dwellings without basements Dwellings with basements Small commercial buildings
Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value Rating class and
limiting features
Value
50B—Blackdog silt
loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
Blackdog 90 Not limited Not limited Not limited
57B—Turner loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Turner 85 Somewhat limited Not limited Somewhat limited
Shrink-swell 0.01 Shrink-swell 0.01
64B—Straw loam, 0 to
4 percent slopes
Straw 90 Somewhat limited Somewhat limited Somewhat limited
Shrink-swell 0.10 Shrink-swell 0.22 Shrink-swell 0.10
509B—Enbar loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Enbar 85 Very limited Very limited Very limited
Flooding 1.00 Flooding 1.00 Flooding 1.00
Depth to saturated
zone
0.99
Soil Physical Properties
This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present soil physical
properties. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for
each map unit. Soil physical properties are measured or inferred from direct
observations in the field or laboratory. Examples of soil physical properties include
percent clay, organic matter, saturated hydraulic conductivity, available water
capacity, and bulk density.
Engineering Properties
This table gives the engineering classifications and the range of engineering
properties for the layers of each soil in the survey area.
Custom Soil Resource Report
23
Hydrologic soil group is a group of soils having similar runoff potential under similar
storm and cover conditions. The criteria for determining Hydrologic soil group is
found in the National Engineering Handbook, Chapter 7 issued May 2007(http://
directives.sc.egov.usda.gov/OpenNonWebContent.aspx?content=17757.wba).
Listing HSGs by soil map unit component and not by soil series is a new concept for
the engineers. Past engineering references contained lists of HSGs by soil series.
Soil series are continually being defined and redefined, and the list of soil series
names changes so frequently as to make the task of maintaining a single national
list virtually impossible. Therefore, the criteria is now used to calculate the HSG
using the component soil properties and no such national series lists will be
maintained. All such references are obsolete and their use should be discontinued.
Soil properties that influence runoff potential are those that influence the minimum
rate of infiltration for a bare soil after prolonged wetting and when not frozen. These
properties are depth to a seasonal high water table, saturated hydraulic conductivity
after prolonged wetting, and depth to a layer with a very slow water transmission
rate. Changes in soil properties caused by land management or climate changes
also cause the hydrologic soil group to change. The influence of ground cover is
treated independently. There are four hydrologic soil groups, A, B, C, and D, and
three dual groups, A/D, B/D, and C/D. In the dual groups, the first letter is for
drained areas and the second letter is for undrained areas.
The four hydrologic soil groups are described in the following paragraphs:
Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when thoroughly
wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or
gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission.
Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These
consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained
soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils
have a moderate rate of water transmission.
Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or
soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water
transmission.
Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell
potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at
or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material.
These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission.
Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.
Texture is given in the standard terms used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
These terms are defined according to percentages of sand, silt, and clay in the
fraction of the soil that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. "Loam," for example, is
soil that is 7 to 27 percent clay, 28 to 50 percent silt, and less than 52 percent sand.
If the content of particles coarser than sand is 15 percent or more, an appropriate
modifier is added, for example, "gravelly."
Classification of the soils is determined according to the Unified soil classification
system (ASTM, 2005) and the system adopted by the American Association of
State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO, 2004).
The Unified system classifies soils according to properties that affect their use as
construction material. Soils are classified according to particle-size distribution of
the fraction less than 3 inches in diameter and according to plasticity index, liquid
Custom Soil Resource Report
24
limit, and organic matter content. Sandy and gravelly soils are identified as GW, GP,
GM, GC, SW, SP, SM, and SC; silty and clayey soils as ML, CL, OL, MH, CH, and
OH; and highly organic soils as PT. Soils exhibiting engineering properties of two
groups can have a dual classification, for example, CL-ML.
The AASHTO system classifies soils according to those properties that affect
roadway construction and maintenance. In this system, the fraction of a mineral soil
that is less than 3 inches in diameter is classified in one of seven groups from A-1
through A-7 on the basis of particle-size distribution, liquid limit, and plasticity index.
Soils in group A-1 are coarse grained and low in content of fines (silt and clay). At
the other extreme, soils in group A-7 are fine grained. Highly organic soils are
classified in group A-8 on the basis of visual inspection.
If laboratory data are available, the A-1, A-2, and A-7 groups are further classified
as A-1-a, A-1-b, A-2-4, A-2-5, A-2-6, A-2-7, A-7-5, or A-7-6. As an additional
refinement, the suitability of a soil as subgrade material can be indicated by a group
index number. Group index numbers range from 0 for the best subgrade material to
20 or higher for the poorest.
Percentage of rock fragments larger than 10 inches in diameter and 3 to 10 inches
in diameter are indicated as a percentage of the total soil on a dry-weight basis. The
percentages are estimates determined mainly by converting volume percentage in
the field to weight percentage. Three values are provided to identify the expected
Low (L), Representative Value (R), and High (H).
Percentage (of soil particles) passing designated sieves is the percentage of the soil
fraction less than 3 inches in diameter based on an ovendry weight. The sieves,
numbers 4, 10, 40, and 200 (USA Standard Series), have openings of 4.76, 2.00,
0.420, and 0.074 millimeters, respectively. Estimates are based on laboratory tests
of soils sampled in the survey area and in nearby areas and on estimates made in
the field. Three values are provided to identify the expected Low (L), Representative
Value (R), and High (H).
Liquid limit and plasticity index (Atterberg limits) indicate the plasticity
characteristics of a soil. The estimates are based on test data from the survey area
or from nearby areas and on field examination. Three values are provided to identify
the expected Low (L), Representative Value (R), and High (H).
References:
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling
and testing. 24th edition.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.
Custom Soil Resource Report
25
Absence of an entry indicates that the data were not estimated. The asterisk '*' denotes the representative texture; other
possible textures follow the dash. The criteria for determining the hydrologic soil group for individual soil components is
found in the National Engineering Handbook, Chapter 7 issued May 2007(http://directives.sc.egov.usda.gov/
OpenNonWebContent.aspx?content=17757.wba). Three values are provided to identify the expected Low (L),
Representative Value (R), and High (H).
Engineering Properties–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map unit symbol and
soil name
Pct. of
map
unit
Hydrolo
gic
group
Depth USDA texture Classification Pct Fragments Percentage passing sieve number—Liquid
limit
Plasticit
y indexUnifiedAASHTO>10
inches
3-10
inches
4 10 40 200
In L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H
50B—Blackdog silt
loam, 0 to 4 percent
slopes
Blackdog 90 C 0-10 Silt loam CL-ML A-4 0- 0- 0 0- 0- 0 100-100
-100
100-100
-100
95-98-1
00
80-85-
90
25-28
-30
5-8 -10
10-19 Silty clay loam CL A-6 0- 0- 0 0- 0- 0 100-100
-100
100-100
-100
95-98-1
00
85-90-
95
30-35
-40
10-15-2
0
19-60 Silt loam CL-ML A-4 0- 0- 0 0- 0- 0 100-100
-100
100-100
-100
95-98-1
00
80-85-
90
25-28
-30
5-8 -10
57B—Turner loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Turner 85 B 0-6 Loam CL-ML A-4 0- 0- 0 0- 5- 10 80-90-1
00
75-88-1
00
65-80-
95
50-63-
75
25-28
-30
5-8 -10
6-12 Clay loam, silty clay
loam, gravelly
loam
CL, GC,
SC
A-6 0- 0- 0 0- 5- 10 65-83-1
00
60-80-1
00
55-73-
90
35-53-
70
30-35
-40
10-15-2
0
12-26 Loam, clay loam,
gravelly loam
CL, GC,
SC
A-6 0- 0- 0 0- 5- 10 65-83-1
00
60-80-1
00
55-75-
95
40-58-
75
30-35
-40
10-13-1
5
26-60 Very gravelly loamy
sand, very gravelly
sand, extremely
gravelly sand
GM, GP,
GP-GM
A-1 0- 0- 0 10-20-
30
25-43-
60
15-33-
50
10-23-
35
0- 8- 15 0-7 -14 NP
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Engineering Properties–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map unit symbol and
soil name
Pct. of
map
unit
Hydrolo
gic
group
Depth USDA texture Classification Pct Fragments Percentage passing sieve number—Liquid
limit
Plasticit
y indexUnifiedAASHTO>10
inches
3-10
inches
4 10 40 200
In L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H L-R-H
64B—Straw loam, 0 to
4 percent slopes
Straw 90 B 0-18 Loam CL-ML A-4 0- 0- 0 0- 0- 0 100-100
-100
100-100
-100
80-90-1
00
60-73-
85
25-28
-30
5-8 -10
18-60 Loam, silt loam, clay
loam
CL, CL-
ML
A-4, A-6 0- 0- 0 0- 0- 0 100-100
-100
100-100
-100
80-90-1
00
60-73-
85
25-30
-35
5-10-15
509B—Enbar loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Enbar 85 C 0-22 Loam CL-ML A-4 0- 0- 0 0- 0- 0 80-90-1
00
75-88-1
00
60-73-
85
50-63-
75
20-25
-30
5-8 -10
22-49 Loam, sandy loam CL-ML,
ML
A-4 0- 0- 0 0- 0- 0 80-90-1
00
75-88-1
00
60-73-
85
50-63-
75
20-25
-30
NP-5
-10
49-60 Very gravelly sandy
loam, very gravelly
loamy sand,
extremely gravelly
sandy loam
GM, GP-
GM
A-1, A-2 0- 0- 0 0- 5- 10 25-43-
60
15-33-
50
10-25-
40
5-18- 30 15-20
-25
NP-3 -5
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Particle Size and Coarse Fragments
This table shows estimates of particle size distribution and coarse fragment content
of each soil in the survey area. The estimates are based on field observations and
on test data for these and similar soils.
Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.
Particle size is the effective diameter of a soil particle as measured by
sedimentation, sieving, or micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as
classes with specific effective diameter class limits. The broad classes are sand,
silt, and clay, ranging from the larger to the smaller.
Sand as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.05 millimeter to 2
millimeters in diameter. In this table, the estimated sand content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters
in diameter.
Silt as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.002 to 0.05
millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated silt content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters
in diameter.
Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are less than 0.002
millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated clay content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters
in diameter.
The content of sand, silt, and clay affects the physical behavior of a soil. Particle
size is important for engineering and agronomic interpretations, for determination of
soil hydrologic qualities, and for soil classification.
The amount and kind of clay affect the fertility and physical condition of the soil and
the ability of the soil to adsorb cations and to retain moisture. They influence shrink-
swell potential, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), plasticity, the ease of soil
dispersion, and other soil properties. The amount and kind of clay in a soil also
affect tillage and earthmoving operations.
Total fragments is the content of fragments of rock and other materials larger than 2
millimeters in diameter on volumetric basis of the whole soil.
Fragments 2-74 mm refers to the content of coarse fragments in the 2 to 74
millimeter size fraction.
Fragments 75-249 mm refers to the content of coarse fragments in teh 75 to 249
millimeter size fraction.
Fragments 250-599 mm refers to the content of coarse fragments in the 250 to 599
millimeter size fraction.
Fragments >=600 mm refers to the content of coarse fragments in the greater than
or equal to 600 millimeter size fraction.
Reference:
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. (http://soils.usda.gov)
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Particle Size and Coarse Fragments–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol and
soil name
Horizon Depth Sand Silt Clay Total fragments Fragments 2-74
mm
Fragments 75-249
mm
Fragments
250-599 mm
Fragments
>=600 mm
In L-RV-H
Pct
L-RV-H
Pct
L-RV-H Pct RV Pct RV Pct RV Pct RV Pct RV Pct
50B—Blackdog silt
loam, 0 to 4
percent slopes
Blackdog A 0-10 - 9--67-20-24- 27 —————
Bt 10-19 - 7--62-27-31- 35 —————
Bk 19-60 -11--69-15-20- 25 —————
57B—Turner loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Turner A 0-6 -42--37-15-21- 27 14 11 3 ——
Bt 6-12 -34--37-25-30- 35 13 12 1 ——
Bk 12-26 -34--38-18-28- 35 14 12 2 ——
2C 26-60 -81--17-0- 3- 5 51 39 12 ——
64B—Straw loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Straw A 0-18 -39--37-20-24- 27 —————
Bk 18-60 -38--36-20-26- 35 —————
509B—Enbar loam, 0
to 4 percent slopes
Enbar A 0-22 -40--38-18-23- 27 13 13 ———
Cg 22-49 -66--15-18-19- 27 13 13 ———
2C 49-60 -84-- 4-5-12- 18 48 45 3 ——
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Physical Soil Properties
This table shows estimates of some physical characteristics and features that affect
soil behavior. These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in the survey
area. The estimates are based on field observations and on test data for these and
similar soils.
Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.
Particle size is the effective diameter of a soil particle as measured by
sedimentation, sieving, or micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as
classes with specific effective diameter class limits. The broad classes are sand,
silt, and clay, ranging from the larger to the smaller.
Sand as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.05 millimeter to 2
millimeters in diameter. In this table, the estimated sand content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters
in diameter.
Silt as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.002 to 0.05
millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated silt content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters
in diameter.
Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are less than 0.002
millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated clay content of each soil layer is
given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters
in diameter.
The content of sand, silt, and clay affects the physical behavior of a soil. Particle
size is important for engineering and agronomic interpretations, for determination of
soil hydrologic qualities, and for soil classification.
The amount and kind of clay affect the fertility and physical condition of the soil and
the ability of the soil to adsorb cations and to retain moisture. They influence shrink-
swell potential, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), plasticity, the ease of soil
dispersion, and other soil properties. The amount and kind of clay in a soil also
affect tillage and earthmoving operations.
Moist bulk density is the weight of soil (ovendry) per unit volume. Volume is
measured when the soil is at field moisture capacity, that is, the moisture content at
1/3- or 1/10-bar (33kPa or 10kPa) moisture tension. Weight is determined after the
soil is dried at 105 degrees C. In the table, the estimated moist bulk density of each
soil horizon is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter of soil material that is less
than 2 millimeters in diameter. Bulk density data are used to compute linear
extensibility, shrink-swell potential, available water capacity, total pore space, and
other soil properties. The moist bulk density of a soil indicates the pore space
available for water and roots. Depending on soil texture, a bulk density of more than
1.4 can restrict water storage and root penetration. Moist bulk density is influenced
by texture, kind of clay, content of organic matter, and soil structure.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) refers to the ease with which pores in a
saturated soil transmit water. The estimates in the table are expressed in terms of
micrometers per second. They are based on soil characteristics observed in the
field, particularly structure, porosity, and texture. Saturated hydraulic conductivity
(Ksat) is considered in the design of soil drainage systems and septic tank
absorption fields.
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Available water capacity refers to the quantity of water that the soil is capable of
storing for use by plants. The capacity for water storage is given in inches of water
per inch of soil for each soil layer. The capacity varies, depending on soil properties
that affect retention of water. The most important properties are the content of
organic matter, soil texture, bulk density, and soil structure. Available water capacity
is an important factor in the choice of plants or crops to be grown and in the design
and management of irrigation systems. Available water capacity is not an estimate
of the quantity of water actually available to plants at any given time.
Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as moisture
content is decreased from a moist to a dry state. It is an expression of the volume
change between the water content of the clod at 1/3- or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or
10kPa tension) and oven dryness. The volume change is reported in the table as
percent change for the whole soil. The amount and type of clay minerals in the soil
influence volume change.
Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrink-swell potential of soils. The
shrink-swell potential is low if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than 3
percent; moderate if 3 to 6 percent; high if 6 to 9 percent; and very high if more than
9 percent. If the linear extensibility is more than 3, shrinking and swelling can cause
damage to buildings, roads, and other structures and to plant roots. Special design
commonly is needed.
Organic matter is the plant and animal residue in the soil at various stages of
decomposition. In this table, the estimated content of organic matter is expressed
as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in
diameter. The content of organic matter in a soil can be maintained by returning
crop residue to the soil.
Organic matter has a positive effect on available water capacity, water infiltration,
soil organism activity, and tilth. It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients for
crops and soil organisms.
Erosion factors are shown in the table as the K factor (Kw and Kf) and the T factor.
Erosion factor K indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill erosion by
water. Factor K is one of six factors used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation
(USLE) and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to predict the
average annual rate of soil loss by sheet and rill erosion in tons per acre per year.
The estimates are based primarily on percentage of silt, sand, and organic matter
and on soil structure and Ksat. Values of K range from 0.02 to 0.69. Other factors
being equal, the higher the value, the more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill
erosion by water.
Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the whole soil. The estimates are
modified by the presence of rock fragments.
Erosion factor Kf indicates the erodibility of the fine-earth fraction, or the material
less than 2 millimeters in size.
Erosion factor T is an estimate of the maximum average annual rate of soil erosion
by wind and/or water that can occur without affecting crop productivity over a
sustained period. The rate is in tons per acre per year.
Wind erodibility groups are made up of soils that have similar properties affecting
their susceptibility to wind erosion in cultivated areas. The soils assigned to group 1
are the most susceptible to wind erosion, and those assigned to group 8 are the
least susceptible. The groups are described in the "National Soil Survey Handbook."
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Wind erodibility index is a numerical value indicating the susceptibility of soil to wind
erosion, or the tons per acre per year that can be expected to be lost to wind
erosion. There is a close correlation between wind erosion and the texture of the
surface layer, the size and durability of surface clods, rock fragments, organic
matter, and a calcareous reaction. Soil moisture and frozen soil layers also
influence wind erosion.
Reference:
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. (http://soils.usda.gov)
Custom Soil Resource Report
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Three values are provided to identify the expected Low (L), Representative Value (R), and High (H).
Physical Soil Properties–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol
and soil name
Depth Sand Silt Clay Moist
bulk
density
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Available
water
capacity
Linear
extensibility
Organic
matter
Erosion
factors
Wind
erodibility
group
Wind
erodibility
indexKwKfT
In Pct Pct Pct g/cc micro m/sec In/In Pct Pct
50B—Blackdog
silt loam, 0 to
4 percent
slopes
Blackdog 0-10 - 9--67-20-24- 27 1.10-1.20-
1.30
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.18-0.19-0.2
0
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 2.0- 3.0-
4.0
.37 .37 5 6 48
10-19 - 7--62-27-31- 35 1.20-1.30-
1.40
1.40-2.70-4.00 0.16-0.18-0.2
0
3.0- 4.5- 5.9 1.0- 2.0-
3.0
.37 .37
19-60 -11--69-15-20- 25 1.20-1.30-
1.40
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.16-0.18-0.2
0
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 0.5- 0.8-
1.0
.49 .49
57B—Turner
loam, 0 to 4
percent
slopes
Turner 0-6 -42--37-15-21- 27 1.10-1.20-
1.30
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.15-0.17-0.1
9
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 2.0- 3.0-
4.0
.24 .24 3 6 48
6-12 -34--37-25-30- 35 1.30-1.40-
1.50
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.12-0.15-0.1
8
3.0- 4.5- 5.9 0.5- 1.3-
2.0
.28 .28
12-26 -34--38-18-28- 35 1.35-1.43-
1.50
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.12-0.15-0.1
8
3.0- 4.5- 5.9 0.0- 0.3-
0.5
.32 .32
26-60 -81--17-0- 3- 5 1.35-1.43-
1.50
42.00-92.00-14
1.00
0.01-0.04-0.0
6
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 0.0- 0.3-
0.5
.05 .15
64B—Straw
loam, 0 to 4
percent
slopes
Straw 0-18 -39--37-20-24- 27 1.10-1.18-
1.25
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.16-0.18-0.2
0
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 3.0- 4.0-
5.0
.28 .28 5 6 48
18-60 -38--36-20-26- 35 1.20-1.30-
1.40
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.16-0.18-0.1
9
3.0- 4.5- 5.9 1.0- 2.0-
3.0
.28 .28
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Physical Soil Properties–Gallatin County Area, Montana
Map symbol
and soil name
Depth Sand Silt Clay Moist
bulk
density
Saturated
hydraulic
conductivity
Available
water
capacity
Linear
extensibility
Organic
matter
Erosion
factors
Wind
erodibility
group
Wind
erodibility
indexKwKfT
In Pct Pct Pct g/cc micro m/sec In/In Pct Pct
509B—Enbar
loam, 0 to 4
percent
slopes
Enbar 0-22 -40--38-18-23- 27 1.15-1.25-
1.35
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.16-0.18-0.2
0
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 3.0- 4.0-
5.0
.28 .28 4 6 48
22-49 -66--15-18-19- 27 1.35-1.45-
1.55
4.00-9.00-14.00 0.14-0.16-0.1
8
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 0.5- 0.8-
1.0
.20 .20
49-60 -84-- 4-5-12- 18 1.50-1.60-
1.70
14.00-28.00-42.
00
0.04-0.05-0.0
5
0.0- 1.5- 2.9 0.0- 0.0-
0.0
.02 .02
Custom Soil Resource Report
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Water Features
This folder contains tabular reports that present soil hydrology information. The
reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit.
Water Features include ponding frequency, flooding frequency, and depth to water
table.
Water Features
This table gives estimates of various soil water features. The estimates are used in
land use planning that involves engineering considerations.
Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are
assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the
soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation
from long-duration storms.
The four hydrologic soil groups are:
Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when thoroughly
wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or
gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission.
Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These
consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained
soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils
have a moderate rate of water transmission.
Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or
soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water
transmission.
Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell
potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at
or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material.
These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission.
If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is
for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas.
Surface runoff refers to the loss of water from an area by flow over the land surface.
Surface runoff classes are based on slope, climate, and vegetative cover. The
concept indicates relative runoff for very specific conditions. It is assumed that the
surface of the soil is bare and that the retention of surface water resulting from
irregularities in the ground surface is minimal. The classes are negligible, very low,
low, medium, high, and very high.
The months in the table indicate the portion of the year in which a water table,
ponding, and/or flooding is most likely to be a concern.
Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil. The water features table indicates,
by month, depth to the top ( upper limit ) and base ( lower limit ) of the saturated
zone in most years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits are based mainly on
Custom Soil Resource Report
35
observations of the water table at selected sites and on evidence of a saturated
zone, namely grayish colors or mottles (redoximorphic features) in the soil. A
saturated zone that lasts for less than a month is not considered a water table. The
kind of water table, apparent or perched, is given if a seasonal high water table
exists in the soil. A water table is perched if free water is restricted from moving
downward in the soil by a restrictive feature, in most cases a hardpan; there is a dry
layer of soil underneath a wet layer. A water table is apparent if free water is present
in all horizons from its upper boundary to below 2 meters or to the depth of
observation. The water table kind listed is for the first major component in the map
unit.
Ponding is standing water in a closed depression. Unless a drainage system is
installed, the water is removed only by percolation, transpiration, or evaporation.
The table indicates surface water depth and the duration and frequency of ponding.
Duration is expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7
to 30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none,
rare, occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is not probable; rare that it
is unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions (the chance of ponding is
nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it occurs, on the average,
once or less in 2 years (the chance of ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); and
frequent that it occurs, on the average, more than once in 2 years (the chance of
ponding is more than 50 percent in any year).
Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area caused by overflowing streams, by
runoff from adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short periods after
rainfall or snowmelt is not considered flooding, and water standing in swamps and
marshes is considered ponding rather than flooding.
Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is expressed as extremely brief if
0.1 hour to 4 hours, very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to 30
days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, very
rare, rare, occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means that flooding is not
probable; very rare that it is very unlikely but possible under extremely unusual
weather conditions (the chance of flooding is less than 1 percent in any year); rare
that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions (the chance of
flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it occurs infrequently under
normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is 5 to 50 percent in any year);
frequent that it is likely to occur often under normal weather conditions (the chance
of flooding is more than 50 percent in any year but is less than 50 percent in all
months in any year); and very frequent that it is likely to occur very often under
normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in all
months of any year).
The information is based on evidence in the soil profile, namely thin strata of gravel,
sand, silt, or clay deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic matter
content with increasing depth; and little or no horizon development.
Also considered are local information about the extent and levels of flooding and the
relation of each soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information on the extent of
flooding based on soil data is less specific than that provided by detailed
engineering surveys that delineate flood-prone areas at specific flood frequency
levels.
Custom Soil Resource Report
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Map unit symbol and soil
name
Hydrologic
group
Surface
runoff
Month Water table Ponding Flooding
Upper limit Lower limit Kind Surface
depth
Duration Frequency Duration Frequency
Ft Ft Ft
50B—Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Blackdog C Jan-Dec —————None —None
57B—Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Turner B Jan-Dec —————None —None
64B—Straw loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Straw B Jan-Dec —————None —None
509B—Enbar loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Enbar C Jan-Mar —————None Brief (2 to 7
days)
Rare
Apr-Jul 2.0-3.5 6.0 Apparent ——None Brief (2 to 7
days)
Rare
Aug-Dec —————None —
Custom Soil Resource Report
37
References
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling
and testing. 24th edition.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of
wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service FWS/OBS-79/31.
Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.
Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.
Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric
soils in the United States.
National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.
Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262
Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for
making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577
Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580
Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands
Section.
United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of
Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical
Report Y-87-1.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National forestry manual. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/
home/?cid=nrcs142p2_053374
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/
detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084
38
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nrcs/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nrcs142p2_054242
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States,
the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook
296. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?
cid=nrcs142p2_053624
United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land
capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http://
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052290.pdf
Custom Soil Resource Report
39
Water Features
This table gives estimates of various soil water features. The estimates are used
in land use planning that involves engineering considerations.
Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are
assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the
soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive
precipitation from long-duration storms.
The four hydrologic soil groups are:
Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively
drained sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water
transmission.
Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These
consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well
drained soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture.
These soils have a moderate rate of water transmission.
Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or
soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of
water transmission.
Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell
potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay
layer at or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious
material. These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission.
If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is
for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas.
Surface runoff refers to the loss of water from an area by flow over the land
surface. Surface runoff classes are based on slope, climate, and vegetative
cover. The concept indicates relative runoff for very specific conditions. It is
assumed that the surface of the soil is bare and that the retention of surface
water resulting from irregularities in the ground surface is minimal. The classes
are negligible, very low, low, medium, high, and very high.
The months in the table indicate the portion of the year in which a water table,
ponding, and/or flooding is most likely to be a concern.
Water Features---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 1 of 4
Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil. The water features table
indicates, by month, depth to the top ( upper limit ) and base ( lower limit ) of the
saturated zone in most years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits are based
mainly on observations of the water table at selected sites and on evidence of a
saturated zone, namely grayish colors or mottles (redoximorphic features) in the
soil. A saturated zone that lasts for less than a month is not considered a water
table. The kind of water table, apparent or perched, is given if a seasonal high
water table exists in the soil. A water table is perched if free water is restricted
from moving downward in the soil by a restrictive feature, in most cases a
hardpan; there is a dry layer of soil underneath a wet layer. A water table is
apparent if free water is present in all horizons from its upper boundary to below
2 meters or to the depth of observation. The water table kind listed is for the first
major component in the map unit.
Ponding is standing water in a closed depression. Unless a drainage system is
installed, the water is removed only by percolation, transpiration, or evaporation.
The table indicates surface water depth and the duration and frequency of
ponding. Duration is expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2 to 7
days, long if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is
expressed as none, rare, occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is
not probable; rare that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather
conditions (the chance of ponding is nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year);
occasional that it occurs, on the average, once or less in 2 years (the chance of
ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); and frequent that it occurs, on the
average, more than once in 2 years (the chance of ponding is more than 50
percent in any year).
Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area caused by overflowing streams,
by runoff from adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short periods after
rainfall or snowmelt is not considered flooding, and water standing in swamps
and marshes is considered ponding rather than flooding.
Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is expressed as extremely brief if
0.1 hour to 4 hours, very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to
30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none,
very rare, rare, occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means that
flooding is not probable; very rare that it is very unlikely but possible under
extremely unusual weather conditions (the chance of flooding is less than 1
percent in any year); rare that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather
conditions (the chance of flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it
occurs infrequently under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is 5
to 50 percent in any year); frequent that it is likely to occur often under normal
weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in any year
but is less than 50 percent in all months in any year); and very frequent that it is
likely to occur very often under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding
is more than 50 percent in all months of any year).
The information is based on evidence in the soil profile, namely thin strata of
gravel, sand, silt, or clay deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic
matter content with increasing depth; and little or no horizon development.
Water Features---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 2 of 4
Also considered are local information about the extent and levels of flooding and
the relation of each soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information on the
extent of flooding based on soil data is less specific than that provided by
detailed engineering surveys that delineate flood-prone areas at specific flood
frequency levels.
Water Features---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 3 of 4
Report—Water Features
Map unit symbol and
soil name
Hydrologic
group
Surface
runoff
Month Water table Ponding Flooding
Upper limit Lower limit Kind Surface
depth
Duration Frequency Duration Frequency
Ft Ft Ft
50B—Blackdog silt loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Blackdog C Jan-Dec —————None —None
57B—Turner loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes
Turner B Jan-Dec —————None —None
Data Source Information
Soil Survey Area: Gallatin County Area, Montana
Survey Area Data: Version 20, Sep 19, 2016
Water Features---Gallatin County Area, Montana Gallatin Center Lot 11
Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey
National Cooperative Soil Survey
8/24/2017
Page 4 of 4
Inter-office Original to:
City of Bozeman
Department of Community Development
P.O. Box 1230
Bozeman, MT 59771
WAIVER OF RIGHT TO PROTEST
CREATION OF SPECIAL IMPROVEMENT DISTRICTS
GALLATIN CENTER SUBDIVISION P.U.D. PHASE 4
The undersigned owner of the real property situated in the County of Gallatin, State of
Montana, and more particularly described as follows:
A tract of land being Lot 11 of the Final Plat of Phase 1 of the Gallatin Center
Subdivision P.U.D. Phase 4, on record with the Gallatin County Clerk and Recorder
Located in the Northeast One-Quarter of Section 35, Township 1 South, Range 5
East, Principal Meridian Montana (P.M.M), City of Bozeman, Gallatin County,
Montana, being more particularly described as follows:
Beginning at the north corner of said Lot 11, an Engineering Inc. yellow plastic cap;
thence S 00°03'31" E a distance 157.53' to an Engineering Inc. yellow plastic cap;
thence N 89°59'54" E a distance of 226.67' to a 5/8" rebar; thence S 00°21'02" W a
distance of 386.15' to and Allied aluminum cap; thence S 89°38'35" W a distance of
150.58' to a 5/8" rebar; thence 48.88’ along a curve concave to the north with a
radius of 255.00', a delta angle of 10°58'58", a chord bearing of N 84°42'08" W and a
chord length of 48.80' to an Allied aluminum cap; thence N 79°17'01" W a distance
of 178.05' to an Allied aluminum cap; thence 66.29' along a curve concave to the
south with a radius of 345.00', a delta angle of 11°00'34", a chord bearing of N
84°50'33" W and a chord length of 66.19' to an Allied aluminum cap; thence S
89°42'06" W a distance of 352.77’ to an Allied aluminum cap; thence N 00°00'26" W
a distance of 502.80' to an Allied aluminum cap; thence N 89°59'31" E a distance of
568.41' to the point of beginning, containing 8.615 acres, more or less. Subject to all
easements of record or apparent from a visual inspection of the property.
IN CONSIDERATION of receiving approval for subdivision of the subject property from
the City of Bozeman, along with accompanying rights and privileges and for other and valuable
consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, and in recognition of the impacts
which will be caused by the development of the above-described property, the owner has waived
and does hereby waive for itself, its successors and assigns, forever the right to protest the
creation of a one or more special improvement districts for;
a. Street improvements to Cattail Street including paving, curb/gutter, sidewalk, and
storm drainage
b. Street improvements to Max Avenue including paving, curb/gutter, sidewalk, and
storm drainage
c. Street improvements to N. 27th Avenue/Thomas Drive including paving,
curb/gutter, sidewalk, and storm drainage
d. Street improvements to N. 19th Avenue including paving, curb/gutter, sidewalk,
and storm drainage
e. Intersection improvements to N. 27th Avenue/Thomas Drive and Cattail Street
f. Intersection improvements to Cattail Street and N. 19th Avenue
g. Intersection improvements to Max Avenue and Cattail Street
or to make written protest against the size or area or creation of the district to be assessed in
response to a duly passed resolution of intent to create one or more special improvement districts
which would include the above-described property.
In the event an SID is not utilized for the completion of these improvements, the developer
agrees to participate in an alternate financing method for the completion of said improvements
on a fair share, proportionate basis as determined by square footage of property, taxable
valuation of the property, traffic contribution from the development or a combination thereof.
This waiver is made for the benefit of the property described herein shall be a covenant
running with the land.
The terms, covenants and provisions of this waiver shall extend to, and be binding upon the
successors-in-interest and assigns of the Landowner
DATED this _____ day of __________________, 2017.
LANDOWNER
______________________________________________
Gallatin TR LP
STATE OF MONTANA )
)ss.
County of Gallatin )
On this ________ day of ____________________, 2017, before me, the undersigned, a
Notary Public for the State of Montana, personally appeared , known
to me to be the of the entity that executed the
within instrument, and acknowledged to me that he executed the same for and on behalf of
said corporation.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my Notarial Seal
the day and year first above written.
_________________________________________
(Printed Name Here)
Notary Public for the State of _________________
(SEAL) Residing at ________________________________
My Commission Expires: ____________________
(Use 4 digits for expiration year)