HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-06-19 City Commission Packet Materials - WS1. City Commission Annual Ethics TrainingCommission Memorandum
REPORT TO: Bozeman City Commission
FROM: Andrea Surratt, City Manager
SUBJECT: Ethics Training for the City Commission
MEETING DATE: Wednesday, March 6, 2019
AGENDA ITEM TYPE: Work Session
RECOMMENDATION: Receive the 2019 Annual Ethics Training
SUGGESTED MOTION: None
BACKGROUND: All City staff and elected officials, as well as appointed volunteer board and
commission members must receive annual ethics training. This special meeting will meet the
requirements for City Commission members and serve as a chance to have dialogue on several
areas of ethics procedures as well as possible ethics scenarios.
City staff will facilitate the following discussions:
1. Review any highlights from the training session with the City Commission in early 2018
• Packet Materials - http://weblink.bozeman.net/WebLink8/0/doc/144841/Electronic.aspx
• Video - https://media.avcaptureall.com/session.html?sessionid=975972b5-8fb9-4fe5-aad5-
b60f27083747&prefilter=654,3835
2. Participate in discussion from the current Ethics Training module led by staff
3. Quasi-Judicial procedures
4. Commissioners questions/open discussion
FISCAL EFFECTS: None
Attachment: Ethics Training presentation
1
2018 ETHICS PROGRAM
City of Bozeman
TRAIN-THE-TRAINER
November 29, 2018
2
OVERVIEW
• Moving away from an “Ethics Season” time of year
• Moving toward a more integrated Ethics Training effort
• Equipping staff to facilitate training helps make the
material more familiar
• Facilitation & Group Discussion is the meeting format
we are striving for
• We want the conversation to evolve into more
frequent day-to-day conversations
3
BASIS
• The City of Bozeman Code of Ethics (Charter, Ch.2,
Article 3, Division 4) is a best practice for local
government in Montana
• Montana State Law, Title 2, Chapter 2 Code of Ethics
• Purchasing Policy
• Employee Handbook
4
WHO
Code of Ethics, Sec. 2.03.480./Persons covered.
All city officials and employees shall be bound by this division. All
officials, including members of the parking commission and library board,
and all employees shall be bound by this division. Upon initial employment
and annually thereafter each employee, official and member of every board
or committee shall verify that such employee, official and board or
committee member has not and will not knowingly violate any provision of
this division or the rules, standards of conduct or rules of ethics established
by state law.
5
CHARTER – CODE OF ETHICS
Code of Ethics, Sec. 2.03.460. - Declaration of policy.
The proper operation of the city government requires that public officials and employees be
independent, impartial, accountable, and responsible; that governmental policies and decisions be made
in the proper channels of the governmental structure; that public office and employment not be used for
personal gain nor be used to harass, intimidate, or retaliate against citizens and other employees and
officials; and that the public have confidence in the integrity of its government. The purpose of this code of
ethics is to set forth standards of ethical conduct, to assist public officials and employees in establishing
guidelines for their conduct, to foster the development and maintenance of a tradition of responsible,
accountable and effective public service, and to prohibit conflict between public duty and private interest.
Nothing herein shall be construed to relieve any employee or official of the responsibilities set forth in
MCA 2-2-104, 2-2-105, 2-2-121, 2-2-131, and 7-5-4109. Where a provision or interpretation of this division
conflicts with a provision of the Montana Code Annotated, the more stringent provision or interpretation
that requires a greater level of public disclosure shall apply.
6
ANNUAL TRAINING
Code of Ethics, Sec. 2.03.580. - Board of ethics.
14. In coordination with the city attorney, city manager, and other
appropriate city personnel, arrange for the conduct of annual training and
education, which shall serve as an orientation for new board members and
an opportunity for experienced members to explore specific issues in
depth.
-Attendance at this training shall be made a condition of service as a member
of the board, and, before taking office, board members shall commit
themselves to attend it.
-The city clerk shall forward to the commission annually a list of officials who
fail to take the training required under this section and the Charter. The
commission may remove an official for failing to take the required training.
7
WHAT TO EXPECT
• 18 questions available to you
• 13 questions related to staff scenarios (Green slides)
• 5 board and commission-focused scenarios (Blue slides)
• Notes and Tips
• Sign in sheet for documentation of participants
• Flip chart for possible future questions or other concerns
(putting items in the “Parking Lot”)
• GOAL: An hour of discussion to complete the Ethics Training
(more questions than time to complete)
• The hour will fly by!
8
WHO CAN YOU RELY UPON FOR HELP?
• At any time, you can ask your supervisor, HR or
the City Attorney when you have questions about
this training or about how to advise an employee
or board or commission member
9
ACTIVE LEARNING – LEARNING IN PUBLIC
• Participants have knowledge that we need to draw out
• Trainers need to give feedback
• Employees need to give feedback
• Trainers need to tell people where to go to get the answers
• Participants are sometimes hesitant to begin the conversation
• Reaching conclusions will likely lead to more unanswered questions
• THAT’S OKAY!
10
WHY FACILITATION?
• Equipping staff to facilitate training helps make the material more familiar
• Engaging in Conversation HELPS US LEARN
• Probing for more information (using questions that begin with Who, What,
When, Why, Where, and How)
11
QUESTIONS THAT HELP FACILITATION
The benefit of the training is the discussion that happens in the gray areas
of each scenario. Become comfortable with these types of questions for
effective facilitation of the Ethics Training:
Who is involved?
What information do we have or not have?
When is the occurrence in question?
Why might we need to pause and ask the ethics questions to
ourselves?
Where can we go for help? What are the resources?
How can the scenario help us learn?
12
RESOURCES
• Code of Ethics (Charter, Ch.2, Article 3, Division 4)
• A Copy of the Employee Handbook (encourage your employees to
bring their handbook or have several available)
• Supervisor, HR, City Attorney
• You can request a staff partner (other Trainer) to accompany you with
the training
• Board of Ethics members may float and attend a few training sessions
• City Commission members may participate within their liaison roles
13
HOW
• Staff meetings December - March
• Board meetings December - March
• Increments can vary: 1 full hour, 2 – 30 minute sessions, 3-20 minute sessions, etc.
• Sign in sheet for each session of training and who attended- Please DOCUMENT!
• 6 make – up meetings (do not automatically send your staff to these without trying to
cover in a staff/board/commission meeting)
• Trainers lead the discussion
• Get employees and board members involved
• Make reference to WHY we are doing the 14 training this way
12-17-18
15
Let’s Get
Started!
16
WHO CAN YOU RELY UPON FOR HELP?
• At any time, you can ask your supervisor, HR or
the City Attorney when you have questions about
this training or about how to advise an employee
or board or commission member
17
Fred goes to an IT conference paid for
by the IT department. During a reception
at the conference he wins a $100
Amazon gift card, which he uses to
purchase an Amazon Alexa for his house.
Is this acceptable for Fred to do? ?
1 Employee Scenario
18
Fred goes to an IT conference paid for
by the IT department. During a reception
at the conference he wins a $100
Amazon gift card, which he uses to
purchase an Amazon Alexa for his house.
Is this acceptable for Fred to do?
Main Issues: random drawing, available to
everyone, no obligation
Code of Ethics, Section 2.03.540 Gifts,
gratuities and favors, F. 2.
A prize received upon a random
drawing at an event where the official or
employee attends in their capacity as an
employee or official, the drawing is open
to all attendees, and receipt of the prize
does not place the official or employee
under obligation;
1 Employee Scenario
19
In a meeting with the HR Director, George (the
HR Generalist,) is informed that Sally from the
Public Works Department will be laid off next
month due to a reduction in force. The HR
Director asks George to keep it confidential as
they have not delivered the news to Sally. Sally’s
husband is George’s best friend and George
knows that they are in the process of shopping
for a new car for Sally. George wants to warn
Sally’s husband, but knows that this information
is to be kept confidential. He decides to tell
Sally’s husband that he’s heard of some layoffs
coming at the City and that he’s not sure if it
will affect Sally, but advises that they should not
purchase a new car at this time. Did George
disclose confidential information?
?
2 Employee Scenario
20
In a meeting with the HR Director, George (the
HR Generalist,) is informed that Sally from the
Public Works Department will be laid off next
month due to a reduction in force. The HR
Director asks George to keep it confidential as
they have not delivered the news to Sally. Sally’s
husband is George’s best friend and George
knows that they are in the process of shopping
for a new car for Sally. George wants to warn
Sally’s husband, but knows that this information
is to be kept confidential. He decides to tell
Sally’s husband that he’s heard of some layoffs
coming at the City and that he’s not sure if it
will affect Sally, but advises that they should not
purchase a new car at this time. Did George
disclose confidential information?
Main Issues: George is in a position to
know confidential information and
advises based upon that knowledge to
his friend that would know George was
in a position to communicate something
with authority.
Code of Ethics, Section 2.03.530 A.
Confidential Information.
No official or employee shall, without
legal authority, disclose confidential
information concerning the
personnel, property, government, or
affairs of the city.
2 Employee Scenario
21
Jennifer, an employee in the Police
Department, is buying a real estate lot.
Can she offer to the seller that she
would ask coworkers to speed up the
process for getting final plat approval
through Community Development so
that she can save the seller money and
look more favorable to the seller? ?
3 Employee Scenario
22
Jennifer, an employee in the Police
Department, is buying a real estate lot.
Can she offer to the seller that she
would ask coworkers to speed up the
process for getting final plat approval
through Community Development so
that she can save the seller money and
look more favorable to the seller?
Main Issue: using position for improper
influence
Code of Ethics, Section 2.03.490 E.
No official or employee shall, for any
reason, use or attempt to use the official
or employee’s position to secure any
financial interest or personal interest for
said official employee, or others.
No official or employee shall, for any
reason, use or attempt to use the official
or employee’s position to improperly
influence any other official or employee
in the performance of such official or
employee’s official duties.
3 Employee Scenario
23
A department purchased a new stereo
system for the meeting room facility as
the current system was failing. Alice
was asked to install the new system
and toss the old one. In her spare time
Alice likes to rebuild electronics. She
asks her supervisor if it is ok for her to
take the old system home to rebuild
and keep for her personal use. Can
Alice’s supervisor approve this request?
?
4 Employee Scenario
24
A department purchased a new stereo
system for the meeting room facility as
the current system was failing. Alice
was asked to install the new system
and toss the old one. In her spare time
Alice likes to rebuild electronics. She
asks her supervisor if it is ok for her to
take the old system home to rebuild
and keep for her personal use. Can
Alice’s supervisor approve this request?
4
Main Issue: was the equipment disposed
according to MCA below?
Section 2.03.5 of Code of Ethics – Use of City
Resources
No official or employee shall use, or permit
the use of, city-owned vehicles, equipment,
material, or city personnel for personal use of
the employee or official or anyone else or to
be used in any manner prohibited by state
statutes or city ordinance.
Montana Code Annotated 2017 7-8-4201-
Disposal or Lease of Municipal Property -
Election
(1) Subject to the provisions of subsection (2),
the city or town council may sell, dispose
of, donate, or lease any property belonging
to the city or town.
Employee Scenario
25
Should Roger, a City employee in
Engineering, attend the annual Christmas
party of ACME Engineering, a local firm
in the community that will include city
officials, customers, and people they
work with in attendance if the firm is
competing for a large contract, and
Roger is on the interview team? ?
5 Employee Scenario
26
Should Roger, a City employee in
Engineering, attend the annual Christmas
party of ACME Engineering, a local firm
in the community that will include city
officials, customers, and people they
work with in attendance if the firm is
competing for a large contract, and
Roger is on the interview team?
Main Issue: Understanding what
signal his presence might
represent to the company or how
he might be influenced by them
Code of Ethics, Section 2.03.490 B.
Standards of Conduct
Officials and employees shall conduct
themselves with propriety, discharge
their duties impartially and fairly, and
make continuing efforts toward
attaining and maintaining high
standards of conduct.
5 Employee Scenario
27
Sarah is a Board Liaison.
After the Board Meeting the
group decided to meet for
drinks. Sarah had a glass of
wine. Did she do the right
thing? ?
6 Employee Scenario
28
Sarah is a Board Liaison.
After the Board Meeting the
group decided to meet for
drinks. Sarah had a glass of
wine. Did she do the right
thing?
Main Issue: Being aware if there
is a quorum of the Board
present which would make it
wrong to have a drink = on duty
City of Bozeman Employee
Handbook, November 2017:
Employees may not be under
the influence of or impaired
by drugs or alcohol while on
duty.
6 Employee Scenario
29
Mick’s friend is a videographer
and his department has a
small project that needs to be
filmed. Can Mick hire his
friend for the job? ?
7 Employee Scenario
30
Mick’s friend is a videographer
and his department has a
small project that needs to be
filmed. Can Mick hire his
friend for the job?
7
Main Issues: What if Mick is not
involved in the hiring?
City of Bozeman Purchasing
Policy, 7) APPROVAL OF
PURCHASES:
Two (2) signatures are required
to approve the payment for any
good
or service purchased by the City.
The following must appear on
each claim submitted to the
Accounting Division.
Employee Scenario
31
Warren heard through the
grapevine a city position
may be opening. He thinks
he knows the perfect
candidate. Is it okay for
Warren to contact that
person and tell them to get
ready to submit a resume?
?
8 Employee Scenario
32
Warren heard through the
grapevine a city position
may be opening. He thinks
he knows the perfect
candidate. Is it okay for
Warren to contact that
person and tell them to get
ready to submit a resume?
Main Issues: Positions are approved in
the annual budget through a public
process. They are not confidential.
Code of Ethics, Section 2.03.470 Definitions,
A.3.
“Confidential information” means any
information which is not available to the
general public and which is obtained only by
reason of an official’s or employee’s position.
Section 2.03.530 A. Confidential Information.
No official or employee shall, without legal
authority, disclose confidential information
concerning the personnel, property,
government, or affairs of the city.
8 Employee Scenario
33
?
Marcus from Vehicle Maintenance shops at
O’Reilly’s for supplies for the city frequently
and receives a government discount for
supplies purchased for the City. While
working on his personal vehicle over the
weekend he stops by O’Reilly’s to purchase
supplies. The clerk recognizes Marcus and
automatically applies the discount. Marcus
informs the clerk that he is not purchasing
these items for the City and that he should
not receive the discount. The clerk tells
Marcus that it’s “okay” and insists that
Marcus accept the discount. The result of
the discount is approximately $28 less than
what he would have paid. Marcus decides
not to argue with the clerk and accepts the
discount, nobody will know anyway. Did
Marcus violate the City’s ethics policies?
9 Employee Scenario
34
Marcus from Vehicle Maintenance shops at
O’Reilly’s for supplies for the city frequently
and receives a government discount for
supplies purchased for the City. While
working on his personal vehicle over the
weekend he stops by O’Reilly’s to purchase
supplies. The clerk recognizes Marcus and
automatically applies the discount. Marcus
informs the clerk that he is not purchasing
these items for the City and that he should
not receive the discount. The clerk tells
Marcus that it’s “okay” and insists that
Marcus accept the discount. The result of
the discount is approximately $28 less than
what he would have paid. Marcus decides
not to argue with the clerk and accepts the
discount, nobody will know anyway. Did
Marcus violate the City’s ethics policies?
Main Issues: acceptance of
something because he is an
employee and the clerk recognizes
him
Code of Ethics, Section 2.03.540 Gifts,
gratuities and favors, B. 2. That the
person knows or that a reasonable
person in that position should know
under the circumstances is primarily
for the purpose of rewarding the
person for official action taken;
Charter, Code of Ethics, Sec.
2.03.460… that public office and
employment not be used for
9 personal gain… Employee Scenario
35
Molly has been swimming at the city pool
for years. She finds out that one of the
lifeguards, Jane, that she has built a friendly
relationship with over the years, just had
her baby. Molly knows that other
swimmers would be interested in giving Jane
a gift. Molly collects $20 from 9 additional
patrons and surprises Jane with a gift card
to a baby store in the amount of $200.
Jane’s maternity leave ends in one day, but
Jane informs Molly she has made the
decision not to return to work. Can Jane
accept the gift card? If no, could she accept
the gift if it was given individually in the $20
increments?
?
10 Employee Scenario
36
Molly has been swimming at the city pool
for years. She finds out that one of the
lifeguards, Jane, that she has built a friendly
relationship with over the years, just had
her baby. Molly knows that other
swimmers would be interested in giving Jane
a gift. Molly collects $20 from 9 additional
patrons and surprises Jane with a gift card
to a baby store in the amount of $200.
Jane’s maternity leave ends in one day, but
Jane informs Molly she has made the
decision not to return to work. Can Jane
accept the gift card? If no, could she accept
the gift if it was given individually in the $20
increments?
Main Issue: Test of intent of gift
Code of Ethics 2.03.540
B. No official or employee shall accept a gift, gratuity,
or favor from any person or entity:
1. That would tend improperly to influence a
reasonable person in the person's position to depart
from the faithful and impartial discharge of the
person's public duties;
2. That the person knows or that a reasonable
person in that position should know under the
circumstances is primarily for the purpose of
rewarding the person for official action taken; or
3. Has a value of $100.00 or more for an
individual.
Section 2.03.540 Gifts, gratuities and favors, F. 1.
Items or services provided an employee or official in
their private capacity and without relationship to
their employment or official position;
10 Employee Scenario
37
Lester made comments to a coworker one
day that others overheard which were
blatantly sexual harassment. At the urging
of his boss who heard about the incident
and told Lester that his admission of the
incident would enable him to avoid
discipline, Lester went to HR. Did the boss
act appropriately? ?
11 Employee Scenario
38
Lester made comments to a coworker one
day that others overheard which were
blatantly sexual harassment. At the urging
of his boss (who heard about the incident
and told Lester that his admission of the
incident would enable him to avoid
discipline), Lester went to HR. Did the boss
advise appropriately?
Main Issue: Sexual harassment is
not covered in the Code of Ethics
and therefore Section 2.03.590
C.2 does not apply.
City of Bozeman Employee
Handbook, November 2017,
Harassment Complaint Procedure
Code of Ethics, Section 2.03.590 C.2
An employee’s…own improper
action does not grant the employee
immunity from discipline…
11 Employee Scenario
39
?
Sarah goes to an Economic Development
conference and sees Jason there who is a
consultant who hopes to work with the
City on a project but hasn’t yet
submitted his proposal. He annoys Sarah
because he calls her frequently asking
questions He has an extra ticket and
invites Sarah to a technical
demonstration event valued at $65 with
the proceeds going to a local non profit
during the conference. Can she accept
the invitation?
12 Employee Scenario
40
Sarah goes to an Economic Development
conference and sees Jason there who is a
consultant who hopes to work with the
City on a project but hasn’t yet
submitted his proposal. He annoys Sarah
because he calls her frequently asking
questions. He has an extra ticket and
invites Sarah to a technical
demonstration event valued at $65 with
the proceeds going to a local non profit
during the conference. Can she accept
the invitation?
12 Employee Scenario
Main Issue: Test of intent of gift
Code of Ethics 2.03.540
B. No official or employee shall accept a gift,
gratuity, or favor from any person or entity:
1. That would tend improperly to influence
a reasonable person in the person's position to
depart from the faithful and impartial discharge
of the person's public duties;
2. That the person knows or that a
reasonable person in that position should
know under the circumstances is primarily for
the purpose of rewarding the person for
official action taken; or
3. Has a value of $100.00 or more for an
individual.
41
?
Candace works in the Library. She checks
out a patron who has library book damage
fees on her account. The patron explodes
with anger at being accused of returning
books that were damaged and claims the
Library should not have charged her.
Candace is tired of this behavior. She told
the patron that she would bring up this
situation at the next Library Advisory
Board meeting and hoped that the patron
would lose her library card. Did Candace
cross the line?
13 42
Candace works in the Library. She checks
out a patron who has library book damage
fees on her account. The patron explodes
with anger at being accused of returning
books that were damaged and claims the
Library should not have charged her.
Candace is tired of this behavior. She told
the patron that she would bring up this
situation at the next Library Board
meeting and hoped that the patron would
lose her library card. Did Candace cross
the line?
Main Issues: Where is the line
between reporting problems v.
customer service v. ethical
violations?
Code of Ethics, Section 2.03.510
Treatment of the public
In their contact with the public,
officials and employees must bear in
mind their role as public servants.
Each member of the public shall be
treated courteously, impartially and
fairly…refrain from taking any
action…that is intended to
retaliate…against any member of the
public.
13 Employee Scenario
43
WHO CAN YOU RELY UPON FOR HELP?
• At any time, you can ask your supervisor, HR or
the City Attorney when you have questions about
this training or about how to advise an employee
or board or commission member
44
?
Sandy is a member of the Northeast Urban
Renewal Board. She owns a restaurant in the
district and is very invested in improving the
district for both her business and Bozeman in
general. She is diligent about filling out her
Financial Disclosure Form each year and notes
her business and property interests on the form.
A developer recently brought before the board a
proposal for a hotel in the adjacent unused lot.
Sandy is very excited about the hotel, as she’s had
some conversations with the owners and expects
the two to share some parking facilities and of
course, the hotel will bring in customers for her.
She doesn’t mention this at the NURB meeting
because she has no direct business interests in
the project, and since her form is on file staff can
bring it up if they think it’s a conflict. Sandy
enthusiastically approves the hotel. Has Sandy
correctly followed the process?
1 Board/Commission Scenario
45
Main Issues:
Financial Interests and Disclosure – Sandy should disclose her
interests in the project on the record (at the meeting). Section 6
of the City Code of Ethics states that officials must discharge
their duties impartially and fairly, and Sandy certainly has
financial interests and has even made efforts to discuss such, so
she is not acting impartially. Pursuant to BMC 2.03.520, officials
are not to use their position to secure any financial interest or
personal interest. She should call the City Attorney as she may
need to disclose her interests and recuse herself from the vote.
Many boards require members with knowledge and investment
in certain areas, so conflicts are expected and should not be
assumed uncommon. This is managed through thoughtful
disclosures and recusals when appropriate.
Financial Disclosure Form – While the Financial Disclosure Form
is a public record, staff members typically do not have direct
access to these documents and will not necessarily know of
potential conflicts of board members. It is the responsibility of
the board member to recognize and disclose any potential
conflicts on the record. Financial Disclosure Forms are not
required for all boards, so if a board has this requirement
pursuant to BMC 2.03.550, it has been determined board
members are major financial decision makers and need to take
this requirement seriously.
Sandy is a member of the Northeast Urban
Renewal Board. She owns a restaurant in the
district and is very invested in improving the
district for both her business and Bozeman in
general. She is diligent about filling out her
Financial Disclosure Form each year and notes
her business and property interests on the form.
A developer recently brought before the board a
proposal for a hotel in the adjacent unused lot.
Sandy is very excited about the hotel, as she’s had
some conversations with the owners and expects
the two to share some parking facilities and of
course, the hotel will bring in customers for her.
She doesn’t mention this at the NURB meeting
because she has no direct business interests in
the project, and since her form is on file staff can
bring it up if they think it’s a conflict. Sandy
enthusiastically approves the hotel. Has Sandy
correctly followed the process?
1 Board/Commission Scenario
46
?
Gwen is an active member of the Parks and
Recreation Advisory Board and vehemently
opposes a proposed Parks Maintenance District.
The subject has been discussed at the board a
number of times, and while a few members
agree with her, the majority of the board
supports the creation of the district. Gwen feels
like her voice isn’t being heard, so she puts in
public comment to the City Commission, and
writes a letter to the Chronicle expressing her
concerns about the district, acknowledging her
experience with the project given her
membership on the RPAB. She makes sure to
include “on behalf of RPAB” in her letters to
reinforce her legitimate opinion and so that
others will take her seriously. Has Gwen done
anything wrong?
2 Board/Commission Scenario
47
Main Issues:
Representation as an Individual – BMC 2.03.470.A.9 classifies
board members as “officials” as they are appointed by the City
Commission. Board members are appointed by the City
Commission to advise the City Commission. All City officials
must act within the course and scope of their position and must
act on behalf of the municipality. City Commission liaisons sit
on almost every board and hear conflicting viewpoints during
meetings. Voicing her concerns to the board and City
Commission is appropriate, but she goes further by writing to
the Chronicle, as she is no longer acting on behalf of the
municipality but instead of her own interests. She can do this as
a private citizen, but using her position as advocacy of her own
interests is not appropriate.
Representation as the Board – Board members (and all officials
and staff for that matter) have free speech rights and can
express opinions as private citizens. However, Gwen cannot
write “on behalf of RPAB” on any of her communications unless
said communications were expressly approved by the board at a
public meeting. She does not speak on behalf of the board
unless given that permission, and should not represent herself as
such.
Gwen is an active member of the Parks and
Recreation Advisory Board and vehemently
opposes a proposed Parks Maintenance District.
The subject has been discussed at the board a
number of times, and while a few members
agree with her, the majority of the board
supports the creation of the district. Gwen feels
like her voice isn’t being heard, so she puts in
public comment to the City Commission, and
writes a letter to the Chronicle expressing her
concerns about the district, acknowledging her
experience with the project given her
membership on the RPAB. She makes sure to
include “on behalf of RPAB” in her letters to
reinforce her legitimate opinion and so that
others will take her seriously. Has Gwen done
anything wrong?
2 Board/Commission Scenario
48
?
Neil is the chair of the Midtown Urban Renewal
Board, and is responsible for setting the
agendas. He also owns a hotel in the district.
Recently the agendas have been pretty full with
new activity in the district, so he wants to
prioritize retail and food service projects as he
views that as a gap to fill with new development.
A proposed hotel has asked the board to be
considered for $40,000 in incentives. Neil
knows that this amount of a request needs to
be approved by the MURB and does not go
before the City Commission, but he doesn’t
want to put it on an agenda as his hotel is
covering the needs of the district at the
moment. He didn’t get any incentives when he
built his hotel, so if they are in a time crunch
they can proceed without the incentives. Neil
informed the applicant the board is focusing on
other priorities and that the request will not be
considered at this time. Has Neil acted within
3 his authority? Board/Commission Scenario
49
Main Issues:
Misuse of Position – Pursuant to MCA 2-2-105.5, a public
official may not perform an official act directly and
substantially affecting a business or other undertaking to its
economic detriment when the officer of employee has a
substantial personal interest in a competing firm or undertaking.
While as the chair he has the authority to set the agenda, he
has already made the call that the new hotel doesn’t need the
incentives at this time, which he then uses to justify keeping the
item off the agenda. He may even be retaliating against the new
applicant if he views it unfair that this person could get
incentives he didn’t. The definition of “improper governmental
action” in BMC 2.03.470.8 includes action taken by an official
that is intended to retaliate against a member of the public. If
the new applicant chooses to come back later when he can get
the incentives, Neil’s actions as chair have directly resulting in
delaying a project, which will lead to less competition for him.
Neil needs to act on behalf of the City in his decision-making.
Financial Interest – Pursuant to BMC 2.03.470.6, “financial
interest” does not need to be tangible. Regardless of whether
Neil is intentionally creating a barrier for the new hotel, if the
hotel is delayed due to his actions, he stands to keep business
that the new hotel may have taken away. He needs to be aware
of this level of financial interest, and even if his motivations are
in the right place, the perception of a conflict may still exist. He
needs to take this into account in his decision making when
setting the agenda.
Neil is the chair of the Midtown Urban Renewal
Board, and is responsible for setting the
agendas. He also owns a hotel in the district.
Recently the agendas have been pretty full with
new activity in the district, so he wants to
prioritize retail and food service projects as he
views that as a gap to fill with new development.
A proposed hotel has asked the board to be
considered for $40,000 in incentives. Neil
knows that this amount of a request needs to
be approved by the MURB and does not go
before the City Commission, but he doesn’t
want to put it on an agenda as his hotel is
covering the needs of the district at the
moment. He didn’t get any incentives when he
built his hotel, so if they are in a time crunch
they can proceed without the incentives. Neil
informed the applicant the board is focusing on
other priorities and that the request will not be
considered at this time. Has Neil acted within
3 his authority? Board/Commission Scenario
50
?
Jenny is a member of the Community Affordable
Housing Advisory Board, and also works for a local
non-profit that helps to coordinate placement of
low-income individuals in affordable housing, and
she is happy that her involvement on the board can
help facilitate a community need her job also
addresses. Since she is an expert in the area, she
makes sure that developers coming before the
CAHAB are fully aware of the different resources
in the community, and gets frustrated when
someone asks for an incentive when they haven’t
gone through all the steps to minimize
development costs, such as working with Habitat
for Humanity to potentially have them build some
of the houses. She votes no on these projects since
there are so many local organizations that could
also benefit from a developer utilizing their
resources, and only votes yes on projects that
maximize these resources. Is Jenny doing anything
wrong or is this appropriate given her position?
4 Board/Commission Scenario
51
Main Issues:
Financial Interest – Again, pursuant to BMC
2.03.470.6, “financial interest” does not need to
be tangible. While Jenny has good intentions,
citizens may view Jenny as using her position to
build up business for local non-profits, which
benefits her directly in job security and
community relationships. This is not the role of a
board member, who as a city official needs to put
on a different hat to advise the City Commission
and act on behalf of the municipality.
Impartiality – Section 6 of the Ethics Handbook
states that officials must “discharge their duties
impartially and fairly.” As a decision-maker, Jenny,
like all board members, must consider the
information before her with each application, and
not apply standards not expressly given to her by
law.
Jenny is a member of the Community Affordable
Housing Advisory Board, and also works for a local
non-profit that helps to coordinate placement of
low-income individuals in affordable housing, and
she is happy that her involvement on the board can
help facilitate a community need her job also
addresses. Since she is an expert in the area, she
makes sure that developers coming before the
CAHAB are fully aware of the different resources
in the community, and gets frustrated when
someone asks for an incentive when they haven’t
gone through all the steps to minimize
development costs, such as working with Habitat
for Humanity to potentially have them build some
of the houses. She votes no on these projects since
there are so many local organizations that could
also benefit from a developer utilizing their
resources, and only votes yes on projects that
maximize these resources. Is Jenny doing anything
wrong or is this appropriate given her position?
4 Board/Commission Scenario
52
?
Olive is a member of the Parking Commission,
and with the rest of the commission is working
to coordinate an expansion to the downtown
parking garage. This week the Parking
Commission is considering the construction
contract for the garage, which includes as a sub-
contractor an architecture firm for which her
son works. Olive wasn’t sure if her approving the
contract would show favoritism to a relative so
she emailed the chair of the Parking Commission
to let her know of the relationship, and the chair
thanked Olive for letting her know. When the
commission got to the item Olive did not
disclose the conflict since she already did, and
since her relation was once-removed from the
contract before them, she voted to approve the
contract. Did Olive go overboard with her
disclosure, was it correctly handled, or was it not
enough?
5 Board/Commission Scenario
53
Main Issues:
Disclosure – Pursuant to BMC 2.03.520.D.1, disclosure must be
on the record. It is Olive’s responsibility to disclose the conflict
at the public meeting. Knowing of the conflict, the chair should
also bring it up since Olive failed to.
Nepotism – MCA 2-2-201 states officials are not to have
interest in contracts if they are directly involved, defined as a
person who directly monitors, extends, amends, audits, or is
responsible for procurement of the contract, of which Olive
certainly is. Whether her son is a sub-contractor is irrelevant as
he may directly stand to benefit from this contract if approved.
If Olive knows her son will or may work on this project she
should disclose that and recuse herself from the vote. If Olive
knows he will NOT work on that project, she should still disclose
that information prior to the vote to avoid any misperceptions
of favoritism later down the road.
SUMMARY: These are complicated scenarios, and there can
be fine lines between disclosing vs. recusing, speaking as an
individual vs. board member, etc. There may also be more
nuanced ethical issues with any of these scenarios, so only
the main ones are highlighted. But these situations come up
frequently, so please never hesitate to contact the City
Attorney’s office for assistance prior to any decision-making.
Olive is a member of the Parking Commission,
and with the rest of the commission is working
to coordinate an expansion to the downtown
parking garage. This week the Parking
Commission is considering the construction
contract for the garage, which includes as a sub-
contractor an architecture firm for which her
son works. Olive wasn’t sure if her approving the
contract would show favoritism to a relative so
she emailed the chair of the Parking Commission
to let her know of the relationship, and the chair
thanked Olive for letting her know. When the
commission got to the item Olive did not
disclose the conflict since she already did, and
since her relation was once-removed from the
contract before them, she voted to approve the
contract. Did Olive go overboard with her
disclosure, was it correctly handled, or was it not
enough?
5 Board/Commission Scenario
54
WHO CAN YOU RELY UPON FOR HELP?
• At any time, you can ask your supervisor, HR or
the City Attorney when you have questions about
this training or about how to advise an employee
or board or commission member
55
NEXT STEPS
• Staff to create a final version of the presentation you will use with your staff and
commission members. (Only slight changes will be made to make it relevant to the
groups you will present to instead of this training oriented version)
• PPT will be emailed to you and available in the Projects folder
• Begin to book time during your staff meetings and/or place on board and commission
agendas
• Make sure to have a sign-in sheet and provide completed sheet and any comment
feedback sheets to City Clerk Robin Crough before April 1st, preferably as sessions are
completed
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12-17-18
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THANKS!
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