HomeMy WebLinkAboutSpieth & Krug Brewery NominationNPS Form 10-900
(342)
0MB No. 1024-0018
Exp. 10-31-84
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Inventory—Nomination Form
See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms
Type all entries—complete applicable sections_______________
1. Name____________•
historic Spieth & Krug Brewery/Maxey Block)____________
and/or common Union Hall____________________________
2. Location________________
street & number 238 - 246 E. Main Stjeeet n/a_ not for publication
city, town Bozeman Ja/avicinity of
state Montana code 30 county Gall at in code 031
3. Classification
Category Ownership
district public
X building(s) X private
structure both
site Public Acquisition
object in process
being considered
n/a
Status
X occupied
unoccupied
work in progress
Accessible
yes: restricted
X yes: unrestricted
no
Present Use
agriculture
X commercial
educational
entertainment
government
industrial
military
museum
park
private residence
religious
scientific
transportation
other:
4. Owner of Property
name James & Ann DiBernardinis and Bob & Annette Evans
street & number 408 S. Willson Ave.
city, town Bozeman n/3 vicinity of state Montana
5. Location of Legal Description
courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. Gallatin County Courthouse
street & number Third & Main
city, town Bozeman state Montana
6. Representation in Existing Surveys
title none has this property been determined eligible? __ yes x no
date federal state county local
depository for survey records
city, town state
7. Description
Condition
excellent
X good
fair
deteriorated
ruins
unexposed
Check one
__~_ . unaltered
x altered
Check one
X original site
moved date
Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance
Construction began in 1882 for Spieth and Krug Brewery. While the building was under
construction a decision was made to add a second floor. Spieth had to purchase additional
bricks for the upper story. This explains why red brick was used for the first floor
and yellow brick for the second. The foundation is of stone.
This lofty, two story brick structure stands near the east end of Bozeman's business
district. Prominent features of the building are the decorative metal cornice that
runs the full length of the building, the balcony between the two doorways and the
distinctive arched windows of the second floor. Cast iron columns marked "Bozeman
Foundry" are found as dividers in two of the first floor windows.
The second floor windows and doors facing onto Main Street are original. The windows
are wood double-hung 1/1 units set in brick arches of soldier bricks. The upper sashes
of the windows conform to the arched openings. Each arch has a stone keystone and
triangular-shaped stones at the springing line. The windows have stone sills. A balcony
with a cast iron railing spans the space between the two doors. Originally this was
a wooden balcony, according to the 1884 Sanborn Insurance Map, but by 1904 that was
gone. The present balcony was built several years ago when the building was renovated.
The two second floor doors are set in semi-circular arches. Above each door there
is a transom with a curved head. The transoms are divided into three sections by gracefully
curving mullions that fan upward from the center point.
The first floor front has been changed, probably in the late I890 f s. There are now
three exterior doors giving access to three stores. The two larger doors are original
and are set in semi-circular arches formed by a double row of soldier bricks and have
stone keystones. They are located beneath the second floor doors. These doors have
rectangular transoms below second transoms that conform to the shape of the arches.
The third door is below the eastern-most second floor window and has a square head
and two rectangular transoms. The next window is framed in wood and has a large transom
light. The center window and the one on the western end of the front facade are double
windows with transom lights. Each double window has a cast iron column separating
the units and supporting a cast iron beam, each of the cast iron columns bears a mark
saying "Bozeman Foundry".
The impressive metal cornice was installed in 1883. It was fabricated by Nevitt Brothers,
a firm that advertised specialties in hardware, cooking and eating stoves, glazed sash
and doors, roofing, and sheet iron work.
On the west side of the building there is a new brick-and-glass stairwell giving access
both to the restaurant on the second floor and a bakery on the first floor rear. Initially
there was probably an interior staircase to the second floor. But in this century,
until the restaurant was established on the second floor, access was gained by an outside
wood stair that was sheathed with corrugated metal.
NFS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018
Exp. 10-31-84
United States Department off the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Inventory — Nomination Form
Continuation sheet Item number 7 Page 001
On the east side of the Union Hall an alley about 12 feet wide separates it from the
next building. On the second floor east facade there are two windows, one of which
has been converted to a doorway leading to a new fire escape. These openings are set
in brick arches similar to the front windows.
The front section of the building is two stories in height. There is a tall one story
addition to the rear that is the full width of the building and much greater in depth
than the front section. This was probably added in the late 1890's or early 1900 f s
when the building no longer functioned as part of a brewery complex. The 1904 Sanborn
Insurance map shows this addition. At this time there was a billiard hall and a saloon
on the first floor with a dance hall on the second. Earlier, the 1884 and 1890 maps
indicate that the basement was used for beer storage and the first floor was an ice
house with a sleeping room nearby for the workmen; the second floor was a public hall.
These early maps show that a wooden building was attached to the rear of the building
(where the brick addition now is). Other wooden buildings were located around the
lot. There are several original windows in the back section but it appears that most
of the openings have been changed over the years.
Today there are two stores, a deli, and a bakery on the first floor and a restaurant
on the second floor. The tall windows of the front facade give diners an excellent
view of the Bridger Mountains. The building is fully utilized, and the owners now
plan to open a cabaret in the basement with an outside staircase on the east.
8. Significance
Per
X
iod
prehistoric
1400-1499
1500-1599
1600-1699
1700-1799
1800-1899
1900-
Areas of Significance — Check
archeology-prehistoric
archeology-historic
agriculture
architecture
art
X commerce
communications X
and justify below
community planning
conservation
economics
education
engineering
exploration/settlement
industry
invention
landscape architecture
law
literature
military
music
philosophy
politics/government
religion
science
sculpture
social/
humanitarian
theater
transportation
other (specify)
Specific dates 1882,1890' s Renewal Builder/Architect Unknown
Statement of Significance (in one paragraph)
The Speith & Krug Brewery building was constructed in 1882 as an addition to a complex
of buildings that formed the Bozeman Brewery. This building was constructed of locally
manufactured brick, milled lumber, and sandstone quarried nearby. As one of the earliest
commercial buildings in downtown Bozeman, the Speith & Krug Brewery reflects the airy,
verticality of early commercial design in Montana. The building retains a very high
degree of historic architectural integrity and has been in use for more than 100 years.
From its founding in 1864, Bozeman had grown to a population of about 2,500 in 1882.
In addition to a brewery, the town had businesses and industry that provided most of
its necessities, including flour mills, saw mills, brick yards, blacksmiths, and tinsmiths.
Entertainment was also recognized as a need, and there were several halls where dances
and social events were held. According to the Bozeman Sanborn Map of 1884, the Bozeman
Brewery, a two story brick building with a wooden balcony on the front, was used for
beer storage in the basement and an ice house on the first floor. The second floor was
a public hall. •
A decision to build the second floor was apparently made after construction of the building
was well under way. A few months before the building was completed a notice appeared
in a local newspaper stating that, "We learn that Messrs. Spieth and Krug are endeavoring
to secure sufficient brick to carry up their new building an additional story."1 This
search for additional brick probably accounts for the fact that first and second stories
are of different colors. A few months after this ad appeared for the Christmas Ball
to be held in "Spieth & Krug's New Hall." There had been a Spieth & Krug hall before
the building was started, probably in one of the other brewery buildings.
Jacob F. Spieth was born in Germany in 1883 and had a farming background. He emigrated
to the United States in 1854 and spent several years in farming in the midwest. The
lure of gold took him to Pike's Peak, then in 1863 to Montana where he spent two years
in Alder Gulch, two years in Confederate Gulch, and some time in other localities before
settling in Bozeman and opening a brewery with Charles Krug. Krug was also born in Germany,
in 1840, and emigrated to the United States in 1856. He farmed in Missouri until 1864
when he followed the crowds to Virginia City. He engaged in prospecting until 1867 when
he moved to Bozeman.
The brewery had changed hands by 1892; the new owners were Henry Hellinger, a former
resident of Pennsylvania, and Louis Hanson, who came from Denmark. By 1900, the Bozeman
Brewing Company, as the operation was then called, had moved to N. Wallace near the depot
and Speith and Krug building had been renamed the Maxey Block. Maxey Hall, on the second
floor, continued to meet some of the social needs of the community.
1. Bozeman Avant Courier (Newspaper). Sept. 28, 1882
9. Major Bibliographical References
Leeson, History of Montana, 1739-1885^ pp. 1093, 1138, 1160-1163.
Bozeman City Directories; 1892-3, 1900, 1902-3, 1906-7, 1908-9
BozeHoy fdvf"^Courier (newspaper), Sept. 28, 1882; Oct. 5, 1882; Oct. 26, 1882; Dec. 21. 1882;
(See Continuation sheet)
10. Geographical Data
Quadrangle scale 1:62,500
UTM References
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Northing
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Verbal boundary description and justification
All of Lots 10, 11 & 12 of Block C, Original Townsite of Bozeman, excepting the
east 6'-3" of the south 60', less 10' of alley.
List all states and counties for properties overlapping state or county boundaries
state n/a code county code
state code county code
11. Form Prepared By
name/title John N. DeHaas, Jr., AIA
organization date Oct. 15, 1983
street & number 1021 s - Tracy telephone (406) 586-2276
city or town Bozeman state Montana
12. State Historic Preservation Officer Certification
The evaluated significance of this property within the state is:
__ national __ state ^local
As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-
665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated
according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service.
State Historic Preservation Officer signature
title date 3 - U '% V
this property js included in the Nationals Register
M
Keeper of the National Register
Attest--date
Chief of Registration
NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018
(3-82) Exp. 10-31-84
United States Department off the Interior
National Park Service
National Register off Historic Places
Inventory—Nomination Form
Continuation sheet Item number R Page 001
Daniel Maxey had coal mines east of Bozeman and in the 1890's developed a solid financial
base. He expanded the building by adding a one story section to the rear and also remodeled
the front on the first floor by putting in an additional door and changing the windows.
For a number of years businesses on the first floor were primarily saloons. As for example
in 1902-3: Alexander McLain Billiard Hall and Albert Smith Saloon; and in 1906-7: H.E.
Huffman Saloon, Rudolf Michel Saloon and Booth & McCarthy Saloon. At this time the Bozeman
City Directory also listed Maxey's Hotel (rooming house) at 46 E. Main. It should be
noted that street numbers then started with Bozeman Avenue and the Maxey Block address
was 42-46 E. Main. In 1910-11 the headquarters for Maxey Coal was given as 46 E. Main.
Businesses continued to come and go in the first floor spaces, but usage of the second
floor declined in the early part of this century. Then in 1946, the upper floor was
refurbished by the Bozeman Trades and Labor Council, and the building became known as
the Union Hall. When the Labor Council built its own building a few years later the
upper floor was again deserted except for temporary use as an artist's studio. It has
now been remodeled into a restaurant. On the first floor there are two merchandising
establishments, a delicatessen, and a bakery.
NFS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018
(3-82) Exp. 10-31-84
United States Department off the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Inventory—Nomination Form
Continuation sheet Item number 10 Page 001
Sanborn Bozeman Insurance Maps, 1884, 1890, 1904, 1912
The Bo^pTnan f.fHifi'o-r (newspaper), Dec. 20, 1946
BREWERY AND PUBLIC HALL
DRY HOUSE.ANOMALT HOUSE RESIDENCEJ.R SPEITH
BOZEMAN BREWERY.SPEITH^ KRUGeRops. BOZEMAN.MONTA NA
COPIED FROM: HISTORY OF MONTANA, 1739-1883* M. A. LEESON; P. 1093
- NOTE THAT SPIETJH'S .N-AME i s MISSPELLED.;fc-