HomeMy WebLinkAbout26 W. Babcock Nomination MONTANA HISTORICAL/ARCHITECTURAL INVENTORY #11 -_ - - ��A �aJc
_HISTORIC NAME: First Presbyterian Church
ADDRESS: - 26 W. Babcock, Bozeman
LEGAL BOUNDARY: Alderson's Blk A, _
north i of lots 17-20
OWNER'S NAME: First Presbyterian Church ±
OWNER ADDRESS: 26 W. Babcock, Bozeman, MT
SPECIFIC DATE: 1908-1910
ARCHITECT: Turnbull and Jongs
BUILDER: Frank Vreeland =
ORIGINAL OWNER: Presbyterian Church
ORIGINAL USE: church
PRESENT USE: church
__ UTM REFERENCE: 12/497050/5058070
ACREAGE: less than one •
U.S.G.S. QUAD: Bozeman, 1953 --------------
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: -
Applicable Criteria: A and C -- - --
Areas of Significance: social history, architecture
Number of Contributing Properties: 1 -
The Bozeman First Presbyterian Church is an excellent example of the early 20th century -
Gothic Revival style, which was common for institutional architecture. It is also an
excellent example of standardized, early 20th century Presbyterian church design. This _
church was built to house the second Presbyterian church to be organized in Montana, and
the oldest remaining today. The building is also a physical remnant of the economic
depression known as the Panic of 1893. Planning for the structure began in the early
1890 's but was delayed due to the economic conditions. Had construction proceeded as
originally intended, the church might have been designed in the Queen Anne style rather
...than the early 20th century Gothic style. -_ --
- On orders from the Presbyterian General Assembly, Reverend Sheldon Jackson, superintendent
for missions in the Northwest, met in 1 872 with ministers from Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah
for the purpose of organizing the establishment of new churches throughout Montana. This
they did, and in 1872, seven new churches were established in sixteen days. In order,
those were Gallatin City, Bozeman, Hamilton, Virginia City, Deer Lodge, Missoula, and
Helena. Reverend William S. Frackleton was assigned to eastern Montana, with his
headquarters in Bozeman.
The church met in the Methodist and Episcopal churches until 1880, when the young
Presbyterian congregation erected a small, wood frame, High Victorian Gothic style church
on the corner diagonally opposite the present church. Officers from nearby Fort Ellis
contributed to its construction.
In the year of the Panic of 1893, planning began for a newer, larger church, to be built on
land donated by General and Mrs. Lester S. Willson. Because of the depression that had
just descended upon the city, the church was barely able to meet their operating expenses,
and instead invested in 190 shares of Building and Loan stock. When this investment
matured in April 1908, Bozeman was entering an active period of economic growth which
.: -lasted into the 1930's. Over 50% of the historic buildings in Bozeman were built during
this period of growth, which resulted in part from the growth of Montana Skate College
(today Montana State University) , and in part from the Bozeman's emerging role as the
=economic hub of the Gallatin Valley. -The matured stocks amounted to�$1900, which became the foundation for the building fund.
-Construction began immediately, the corner stone being laid in 1908. The Willson's small
house which originally stood on the site was demolished.,to make room for the new church.
The house and lot, which was the boyhood home of local architect Fred F. Willson, was
donated to the church when the Willsons built their impressive house on S. Willson Ave. in
1886, which is located within the Bon Ton Historic District. The church used the early
Willson House for Sunday school rooms and other functions until 1908.
Architects Turnbull and Jones of Elgin, Illinois, who were connected with the Presbyterian
Board, submitted the plans for the church, while local contractor Frank Vreeland supervised
construction. Volunteers hauled foundation stone from a quarry in Bridger Canyon. The
completed church was dedicated on February 20, 1910, and,featured an impressive auditorium
--with exposed hammer beams, and a dining room floor built upon an ashen base. In 1910, the
Macedonian Society of the church donated a pipe organ to the church, which was the first in
the city.
Changes to the building have included the installation of Carillo;ic Bells, manufactured by
Schulmerick Electronics, Inc. of Sellersville, Pennsylvania, in 1949. In 1954, a Sunday
-School addition designed by Fred F. Willson was completed to the rear (east) end of the
: building. This one-story addition in highly compatible with the original church building =
in use of materials, design, and set back. - - _ Y
The church remains today one of the city's major architectural landmarks.
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: -
This detached church of the Gothic style has a cross axial plan with a square entry-bell
.tower at the corner,-which has a flat roof and a crenelated parapet. The six-bay facade is
asymmetrical and consists of two offset front entrances, one set within a cut sandstone
- Gothic arched entry and the other at the south end. Above the south entrance are fixed
-,-stained glass windows, set in wood tracery under equilateral or lancet arches. The
enormous stained glass windows of the primary facade are also set in heavy, wooden tracery
of lancet arches. Plexiglass storm windows cover all of the stained glass windows, which
detracts slightly from the historic appearance of the building due to the plexiglass' high
reflectivity. The brick bearing wall construction rests on a high sandstone foundation.
The gable roof is covered with red clay the and is perpendicular to the street.
A small one-story, flat rooted brick addition has been built to the rear (east) of the
- church. -This addition of modern materials is compatible in scale and design with the
original portion of the building and does not detract significantly from the overall high
level of historic architectural integrity. _
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
First -PreSbYtuian Church, Bozeman, Mr. Centennial Edition, JUne 1872 June 1272,
Published by the church, 1972.
Seventy-FifhAnniversary: First Presbyteria Church, Bozeman, Mr, June {Z2-I947,
Published by the church, 1947.
=`-Q.i ar - T. Centennial: 1.872-1897: First• Presbyterian Church, Bo Zeman. err, Published by the
church, 1897.
a.ZZIDr3T] Dilly Ch 0i.Q12, Centennial Edition, March 31, 1983, p. 5.
HASS Worksheet, in the Bozeman Vertical File, State Historic Preservation office
FORM PREPARED BY: James R. McDonald, P.C. (1983--84) ; Matthew Cohen (1985-86 revision) ;
Patricia Dick (1987 revision) , State Historic Preservation office, 225 No. Roberts, Helena,
Montana 59620 (406) 444-7715
IRoll# 7frame# 28
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