HomeMy WebLinkAbout503 E. Mendenhall 1984 MONTANA HISTORICAL AND
` ARCHITECTURAL ,INVENTORY Siteq :��:
Legal Description: Rouse' s First. Block H Lots 1 and 2-
Address. 503 East Mendenhall
Ownership: name: Mi cheal a Shyne
❑ private address: Richard M. and Donna Shanahan Roll p 29 Frame# 1 -
�' pubic
��`�"y,yt�� � ��,lt�yl E Historic Name:
Unknown
Common Name: Unknown
f E estim-aled
I Date of Construction: 1889-1890 cocumenied
' architect, Unknown
7 1 : Unknown
z i B'Jllddr.
_J Original Owner George Huffman
IA HORNE
Original use: Unknown
SCHOOL `r
_Lll _ Present Use: Office Building.
IVL2 tJ' E/v 14 Research Sources:
r � abstract of title ❑ city directoriesP b LI C E Q(plal records maps sewer/water permits
❑(lax cards ❑ obituaries
F�R� _ _ [I building permit ❑ biographies
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❑(Sanborn maps—dales: I..CI^()
ur
�' -T- - Y - Bibliography:
C IT * � D +
_ Progressive Men in Montana
' H A L ' Sewerpermit, 1924, Susan Huffman.
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PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Describe present appearance of structure/site,then contrast and compare that with it's original appearance,
noting additions,alterations,and changes in materials.Discuss significant architectural features.
This detached two-story office building has a greek cross plan and
flush entry door offset to one side. The brick construction sits on
a concrete foundation. The intersecting gable roof is covered with
cedar shingles and features a central brick chimney. There has been
some upgrading work, especially on the windows. Outbuildings include
a garage with notched wood.
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Justify how the persons,Important events,and/or historical patterns associated with the structure/site
and surrounding area lend the property significance.
. i .
This residence was built for George Huffman , and early day Bozeman settler.
He followed the gold strikes to Montana in 1864 from Kentucky and settled
ih the Gallatin Valley in 1866. He resided part of the year on his ranch
and part of the year in town.
This structure is potentially eligible for the National Register because
of its historical associations and because of its architectural integrity
of materials, location, setting, and design.
INTEGRITY: Assess the degree to which the structure/site,and surrounding area accurately convey the historical associations of the
property.
The historic integrity of this property has been retaln,: due to the survival
of original design and materials and continuity of use, setting and location.
INFORMATION VALUE: Explain how the extant structure/site may demonstrate or yield information about its historic use or construc-
tion.
None.
FORM PREPARED BY. GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION:
Name DAMES R. MCDONALD ARCHITECTS P.C. Acreage,
Address: P. 0. BOX 8163 USGS Quad:
Date:_ MISSOULA, MONTANA 59807 IJTM's•
AUG' 9OA34
MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD
For the Montana National Register of Historic Places Program and State Antiquities Database
Montana State Historic Preservation Office
Montana Historical Society
PO Box 201202, 1410 81h Ave
Helena,MT 59620-1202
Property Address: 503 East Mendenhall Street Site Number: 24 GA 1912(update)
(An historic district number may also apply.)
Historic Address(if applicable): 104 North Church Avenue
City/Town: Bozeman County: Gallatin
Historic Name: George&Susan Huffman Residence Legal Location
Original Owner(s): George&Susan Huffman PM: Montana Township: 2S Range: 6E
Current Ownership ® Private ❑Public NW/4 SW'/a NE'/a of Section: 7
Current Property Name: Preservation Capital Lot(s): 1-2
Owner(s): 503 Mendenhall LLC Block(s): H
Owner Address: 3240 Sentinel Drive Addition: Rouse's First Year of Addition: 1870
Bozeman, MT 59715-8791
USGS Quad Name: Bozeman Year: 1987
Phone:
Historic Use: Single-Family Ri „ 4r , ' "M Reference www.nris.mt. og v/tol2ofinder2
Current Use: Office/Apartment 14AD 27 or ®NAD 83(preferred)
U� 12 Eastin : 497670 Northing: 5058556n
Construction Date: 1889 El Est �\ g g
® Original Location ❑Moved
- Q
National Register of Historic Places Date of this document: March 31,2016
NRHP Listing Date: Form Prepared by: Jon Axline
Historic District: No Address: 448 Parriman St./Helena, MT
NRHP Eligible: ®Yes ❑No Daytime Phone: 406-422-2111
MT SHPO USE ONLY Comments:
Eligible for NRHP: ❑yes ❑no
Criteria: ❑A ❑B ❑C ❑D
Date:
Evaluator:
MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD
PAGE 2
Property Name: George&Susan Huffman Residence Site Number: 24 GA 1912
ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION ❑ See Additional Information Page
Architectural Style: Queen Anne If Other,specify:
Property Type: Residential Specific Property Type: Single-Family Residence
Architect: Unknown Architectural Firm/City/State:
Builder/Contractor: Unknown Company/City/State:
Source of Information:
Concisely,accurately,and completely describe the property and alterations with dates. Number the buildings and features to
correlate with the Site Map.
The George and Susan Huffman Residence is located at the northeast corner of the intersection of East Mendenhall
Street and North Church Avenue. It faces south onto East Mendenhall. The two-story masonry Queen Anne style
residence features a cross-gable roof covered in wood shingles with wide wood fascia under the corniced eaves. The
walls of the residence are red brick set in a running bond. The house sits on a plinthed stone foundation with stucco
veneer. There are fish scale pattern wood shingles on each of the four gable ends of the house. Windows throughout
the dwelling have segmental arch lintels and dressed limestone sills. The segmental arches on the first floor have
soldier coursed lintels and header coursed lintels on the second floor windows. Windows on the second floor face
north, south, east, and west and are all recent 1/1 double-hung units. The ground floor windows hold recent 2/2
double-hung units throughout except where otherwise noted. The residence displays symmetrical fenestration.
An open-air shed roof porch is attached on the north of the west facade. The footprint of the porch is historic as is the
roof, but the support system and decking are recent. The north end of the porch roof is clad in wood fish scale
shingles. The porch roof is sheathed in wood shingles and the ceiling is bead board. The roof is supported by square
wood posts with 2 x 6 wood boards veneering them. The porch has recently added horizontal board railings on the
west and north. The porch has a concrete foundation veneered with red concrete pavers. It is reach by a paver-
veneered step on the south. The primary entry to the building is reached through the porch. It has a recent decorative
wood door with a fixed light. A window is adjacent to the doorway on the north. Window openings are located adjacent
to the porch on the south and on the south side of the bay. A doorway is located on west of the south elevation of the
bay. A window is adjacent to it on the west. It is not known when the doorway was added to the dwelling, but it does
not appear in historic photographs of the house. It has a recent wood paneled door with a decorative frosted fixed light.
Two window openings are located on the ground floor of the south elevation. The west window appears in an undated
historic photograph of the house as a doorway with a transom; it was later reconstructed as a window. It is taller in
height than the east window and has an infilled transom with"503" in raised letters is attached to the infilling the feature.
Both windows have segmental arched lintels and 1/1 double-hung windows. The west window is mostly obscured by a
lilac bush.
The east facade has a projecting bay that corresponds with the west(facade) bay. A single window opening is located
in the gable-end with a window directly below it on the ground floor. A gable roof wall dormer is adjacent to the second
floor window on the north. The dormer has a gable roof sheathed in wood shingles and the gable-end in squared wood
shingles. The dormer has a small 1/1 double-hung window with a soldier-coursed brick sill. Window openings are
situated on the north and south of the east facade. A brick arch opening leads to the basement and once functioned as
a coal chute. It is mostly obscured by exterior A/C units sitting on a concrete pad.
The north elevation has a window centrally located on the second floor. A doorway is offset to the east on the
elevation. It has a brick segmental arch lintel and a stone sill. The doorway is reached by two concrete steps. The
doorway is infilled with vertical wood tongue-in-groove boards and holds a recent fixed octagonal window.
There are no other buildings or structures on the lots.
MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD
PAGE 3
Property Name: George&Susan Huffman Residence Site Number: 24 GA 1912
HISTORY OF PROPERTY ® See Additional Information Page
The house first appears on the July 1890 Sanborn fire insurance map. It is shown as a 1'/story cross-gable brick
dwelling. The map indicates there was some kind of veneer over the brick on the south and east sides of the residence.
The 1891 Sanborn map shows the house in the original configuration, but with a wood frame building located south of
the dwelling. It is not known the function of the building, but historic photographs indicate it was much closer to the
north side of the house than the map suggests. An open-air wood frame porch had been added to the north of the west
side of the house by 1891 (corresponding to the existing porch). There were no changes to footprint of the house
(including additions) on the 1904 and 1912 Sanborn maps. The 1927 maps show that the outbuilding may have been
converted to an automobile garage and the porch on the west side had been removed. There were also outbuildings at
the northeast corner of the lot adjacent to the alley(they no longer exist). There were no other changes to the house
on the last two Sanborn maps(Sanborn maps, 1884, 1890, 1891, 1904, 1912, 1927, 1943).
On March 28, 1888, George and Susan Huffman purchased lots 1 and 2 on Block H of Rouse's First Addition from
Bozeman saloonkeeper Mathias and Emma Mounts for$100. Six months later, in September 1888, the Huffmans lost
the property in a bet over an election to R. C. Hite. The Huffman's obtained a mortgage loan from Bozeman
schoolteacher A. C. McComb, to buy back the property from Hite and build a house on the lots. They built the house in
1889 (Deed Book 16, p. 126; Leeson 1885: 1147; Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps, 1889, 1890; Bozeman Weekly
Chronicle).
Born in Kentucky in 1836, George Huffman was orphaned at an early age"and was well prepared by his early
dependence on himself and his thorough training in the hard school of adversity. . . ." He worked as a farmer in
Missouri from 1856 to 1859 and then joined the Pike's Peak gold rush to Colorado. When he failed in the gold fields,
he returned to Missouri and then tried his hand at farming in Kansas and Nebraska until 1861, when he joined the
Confederate Army. His enlistment in the army lasted less than a year and then spent a short time in Dakota Territory
and Iowa. Huffman arrived in Virginia City, Montana Territory in August 1864. After trying his hand at mining on Alder
Gulch and in Helena, he returned to Missouri. Huffman came back to Montana in 1866 on the Bozeman Trail and
settled on the East Gallatin Rivera few miles north of Bozeman in Section 25, T1 S,_R5E. He obtained the patent
INFORMATION SOURCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY ❑ See Additional Information Page
Bozeman City Directories. Omaha, Nebraska: R. L. Polk&Co., Publishers, 1947-2010.
Deed Records. Clerk& Recorders Office. Gallatin County Courthouse. Bozeman, Montana.
General Land Office Records. Viewed at www.glorecords.blm.gov.
"George Huffman Dead." The Butte(Mont.) Inter Mountain, 13 July 1903.
Leeson, M. A. History of Montana, 1739-1885. Chicago: Warner, Beers&Company, 1885.
"Old Pioneer Passes Away." The Anaconda (Mont.) Standard, 14 July 1903.
Progressive Men of the State of Montana. Chicago:A.W. Bowen, 1902.
"Real Estate Transactions." The Bozeman Weekly Chronicle, 5 December 1888.
Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps, 1884, 1889, 1890, 1891, 1904, 1912, 1927, 1943. Research Center. Montana
Historical Society. Helena, Montana.
United States Census Records. Viewed at www.ancestry.com.
"Valley Resident Since 1881 Taken by Death." The Bozeman (Mont.) Daily Chronicle, 27 May 1947.
MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD
PAGE 4
Property Name: Geor a&Susan Huffman Residence Site Number: 24 GA 1912
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
NRHP Listing Date:
NRHP Eligibility: ®Yes ❑No ®Individually ®Contributing to Historic District ❑Noncontributing to Historic District
NRHP Criteria: ❑A ❑B ®C ❑D
Area of Significance: Architecture Period of Significance: 1889-1966
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ❑ See Additional Information Page
Built in 1889 by George and Susan Huffman, the residence is associated with a pioneer Gallatin Valley family. George
Huffman originally came to Montana in 1864 and returned to the territory with his bride, Susan, in 1881. Despite the
couple's long association with the valley and Bozeman, they do not appear very often in the historic record and their
contributions to the development of the area are minimal. The construction of the house does not appear to be
associated with any historic event in Bozeman. The house does not appear to be associated with the economic boom
that characterized communities in Montana along the route of the Northern Pacific Railway in the 1880s.
The Huffman Residence, however, does retain excellent integrity and is a representative example of a simple cross-
gable-roofed masonry Queen Anne dwelling. The building displays the irregular footprint common to Queen Anne
residences and the characteristic intersecting gable roofs, still sheathed in asphalt shingles. The window and door
openings are intact in their original configuration, all with brick segmental arched lintels, cut stone sills, and double-hung
windows. The house very much presents the appearance of a late 19th century Queen Anne-style residence, a style
common in Bozeman. The George and Susan Huffman Residence is individually eligible for the National Register of
Historic Places under Criterion C for its high degree of architectural integrity and as a representative example of the
Queen Anne style. The residence, moreover, may also contribute to a potential historic district.
INTEGRITY(location,design,setting,materials,workmanship,feeling,association) ❑ See Additional Information Page
The residence retains excellent integrity and is little changed since its construction in 1889. It has been well maintained
and updated to serve its current function as a business on the ground floor and an apartment on the second floor. The
house is at its original location and retains its historic footprint and fenestration. The brick walls are intact and have not
been altered with the exception of the installation of a door on the south elevation of the central facade bay. The
windows are recent additions, but appear to be the same style that graced the house originally. The only changes to
the original design are the reconstruction of the open-air porch on the facade with modern materials(the shed roof,
though, is intact)and the partial infilling of doorways on the north elevation and the inclusion of a recent fixed octagonal
window. The original door opening is intact. The interior brick chimney was removed at an unknown date. The historic
materials (brick) are still dominant on the structure as are the decorative wood fish scale shingles on the gable ends
and the end of the porch roof. The residence displays excellent workmanship, feeling, and association as a late 19th
century masonry Queen Anne style dwelling. The rebuilt porch, infilled doorway and new doorway on the south of the
central bay do not detract significantly from the overall integrity of the house. The landscaping surrounding the house
appears to be historic age and accentuates the visual appeal of the property. The setting of the residence is also
largely intact.
MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PAGE
Property Name: George& Susan Huffman Residence Site Number: 24 GA 1912
HISTORY OF PROPERTY(cont.)
to 80 acres through cash purchase in February 1871. In June 1873, he purchased an additional 68 acres in adjoining
sections. Huffman married Susan Lovell in Eureka Springs, Arkansas in 1881. The couple returned to Montana that
year and lived on the ranch until 1886, when they moved to Bozeman. After 1889, George Huffman divided his time
between this house and his ranch on the East Gallatin River. The 1900 census shows Huffman, his wife, Susan, and
two children living at this address. He listed his occupation as farmer in the census. George Huffman died in
Bozeman on July 13, 1903 and his wife inherited the property(Progressive Men 1902: 1691; US Census Records;
Bozeman Daily Chronicle 1947; Montana Standard 1903; Butte Inter Mountain 1903; GLO Records).
Huffman's widow, Susan continued to live in the house until her death on May 25, 1947. The 1940 census indicates
she lived in there with her son, Hugh. He worked as a"stationary engineer" in a heating plant. Susan's other
housemate was a roomer named Harry Peck. In April 1939, Susan signed over ownership of the house to Hugh.
Hugh sold the house to Hilda Glade in November 1951. A few weeks later, she sold it to Mark Fuller, a retired Madison
County rancher, in December 1951. He owned it until January 1957, when he sold it D. G. Dick, the vice president of
the First National Bank of Bozeman. From 1951 until the late 1970s, the house has served as a rental unit for several
owners. Beginning in 1977, it functioned as an office building for an architectural firm and a court reporting service
(2005-2014) (Bozeman Daily Chronicle 1947; Deed Book 95, p. 511; Ibid, book 107, pp. 19, 35; Ibid, book 123, p. 126;
US Census Records; Bozeman City Directories).
MONTANA HISTORIC1RECORD
PHOTOGRAPHS
Property Name: George&Susan Huffman Residence Site Number: 24 GA 1912
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MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD
SITE MAP
Property Name: George &Susan Huffman Residence Site Number: 24 GA 1912
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MONTANA HISTORIC PROPERTY RECORD
TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
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