HomeMy WebLinkAboutAction_Item_3__ADUs - Frog Rock1620 TRAIL CREEK ROAD, BOZEMAN, MT 59715 * Tel: (406) 586 0805 * Fax: (406) 586 0805
R E S I D E N T I A L A R C H I T E C T U R E
August 8, 2017
To: Mayor Carson Taylor
Deputy Mayor Cyndy Andrus
Commisioners Jeff Krauss, Chris Mehl, and I-Ho Pomeroy
City of Bozeman Planning Dept., Chris Saunders & Tom Rogers
We are writing in regards to potential zoning changes that affect accessory dwelling units,
(ADUs.) We are in favor of encouraging ADUs because we believe it helps our community with
the following:
1. ADUs increase available housing
1. ADUs create opportunity for middle class families who are being hit with tax increases
and want to stay in their homes and might otherwise be forced to sell
1. ADUs can create flexibility in lot improvement
The changes being considered that we support include:
1. changing the lot size for allowing an ADU from 6000 square feet to 5000 square feet
1. allowing single story ADUs
We also believe it is necessary to change the part of the ADU code (Sec. 38.22.030. A. 4.) that
states “However, accessory dwelling units shall be permitted to be placed above garages only in
subdivisions receiving preliminary plat approval after January 1, 1997.” We believe this
language needs to be struck from the code.
We became aware of this part of the code when our next door neighbor to the south went through
the process of designing a detached garage/ADU structure for their backlot. They went through
the entire design process, meeting with the City Planning Department numerous times, and the
project was on the City Commission agenda for a conditional use permit when they were
informed at the last minute that their project was not allowed, due to this rule. (We still don’t
understand how this project was allowed to proceed through this entire process, costing my
neighbor time and money, without anyone at the city pointing out this rule to them until it was
put on the City Commission agenda.) They were pursuing this project as a way to be able to
afford to live in their house in an environment of steeply increasing taxes. (We live in the
BonTon Historic District in R1 zoning, and have owned our house more than twenty years. In
FROG ROCK
D e s i g n, LLP
1620 TRAIL CREEK ROAD, BOZEMAN, MT 59715 * Tel: (406) 586 0805 * Fax: (406) 586 0805
our neighborhood we were hit with approximately a 25% valuation increase in the recent past
and now a 50% valuation increase this year.) What this means is that none of us who are zoned
R1 in the older parts of Bozeman has any legal option to create rental income without drastically
altering our historic homes through massive “renovation” of the primary structure as detached
ADUs are not allowed. This will eventually leave you with R1 areas that only the very wealthy
can afford. It’s not just low income housing you need to worry about, you’re starting to see
middle income housing as a pipe-dream as well.
We are also concerned that although there are very specific rules for ADUs and secondary
structures, there are no rules governing renovating a home so that it covers the entire lot, front
setback to rear setback without a break. This sort of development blocks sight lines, blocks solar
access for yards and is out of character of 100 years of downtown neighborhood homes having
some backyard areas devoid of structure. (We actually believe this helps the social cohesion of
neighborhoods, think gossiping over the back fence). We bring this up because this is the type
of redevelopment the current rules encourage.
All too often rules are made from a point of view of trying to prevent a particular outcome with
no thought being given to what the rule will inadvertently encourage. For instance, currently if
you are in an R1 zoning district platted before January 1, 1997 and you have a house with a
detached garage on the alley, (a common usage in the historic neighborhoods), you are not
allowed to have an ADU above the garage in the detached structure. However, you would be
allowed to enlarge your house so it connects to the garage, in the front setback to rear setback
fashion, and then you would be allowed an ADU because now it is within a single dwelling. This
method of development is more impactful than the type of development the rule is attempting to
address. As far as we can tell there are no rules regarding view sheds, solar access, height
restrictions, or style restrictions in this kind of redevelopment, whereas all these items are
addressed for detached structures. The reasonable solution is to either not allow ADUs at all in
R1 platted before 1997 or to allow ADUs in detached structures. As we’ve stated before, the
solution of not allowing ADUs in these neighborhoods prices out middle income earners and
does nothing to increase the housing stock for lower income earners.
In the same vein, if you currently have a single story house like many of the older craftsman
style houses as well as the 60’s and 70’s ranch style houses you can’t have a detached ADU
(even in R2, etc. where it’s allowed ) because if you put it above a garage it would be taller than
the main house. In fact, the only way to have a garage with living space above the garage, ADU
or not, is to connect the entire piece to the main house. Now, if your argument against a single
story ADU is that it’s out of historical character to have what amounts to two houses on one lot, I
would say it’s even less in historical character to have your house go from the front setback to
the rear setback. If things stay the way they are, most of these houses are in danger of front
setback to rear setback redevelopment as most people who will have the resources to buy these
houses will likely want more living space than they provide. Allowing single story, detached
ADUs has the potential to allow current owners and those of more modest means a way to live in
these houses while keeping their historic houses and yards intact . It is also more in character
with the historical president of a main house with a carriage house in the back.
The definition of 1 1/2 story using the 3 foot knee wall rule for above garage ADUs should also
be reconsidered. This rule, (probably inadvertently) imposes a single design solution to
maximize usable space within an 800 square foot footprint, namely a 10/12-12/12 pitch roof with
full size dormers. (Ask any architect about this). It seems like height and size restrictions
1620 TRAIL CREEK ROAD, BOZEMAN, MT 59715 * Tel: (406) 586 0805 * Fax: (406) 586 0805
adequately address this issue already. And, again, as soon as you connect the garage to the main
house via front setback to rear setback redevelopment this rule no longer applies. Wouldn’t it be
more appropriate to allow for a range of sidewall heights that would correspond with lower roof
pitches which would allow more flexibility to create roofs that match the primary home.
We strongly believe that much of what has made Bozeman so livable is the diversity of housing
in our neighborhoods, which, as a byproduct, gives you a diversity of people living in said
neighborhoods. Creating an environment where it is easier to have ADUs is a double win, it will
allow current homeowners who need it an additional income stream to help stay in their houses,
and it will create housing stock for lower income individuals.
Thank you for your consideration of these issues,
HJ Schmidt
Tammy Minge (Licensed Architect)
715 South Grand Ave.
Bozeman, MT 59715