HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-20-17 Public Comment - INC - ADU Amendments in UDC1
January 20, 2017
To: Mayor Carson Taylor
Deputy Mayor Cyndy Andrus
Commissioner: Jeff Krauss, Chris Mehl, and I-Ho Pomeroy
Marty Matsen, Community Development Director
Tom Rogers, Community Development Planner III
Chris Saunders, Community Development Policy & Planning Manager
Chris Kukulski, City Manager
From: The InterNeighborhood Council (INC)
RE: INC Recommendations for ADU Amendments in UDC
With the updating of the City’s Unified Development Code, revisions to Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU)
regulations are being proposed. Many of the current ADU regulations work, including limiting number of
residents in an ADU to 2.
However, there are some changes and additions the Inter Neighborhood Council (INC) recommends:
The INC recognizes there are both benefits and concerns relating to ADUs in Bozeman neighborhoods
(see attached list). Although more ADUs may help reduce sprawl to some extent, more ADUs also can
harm the livability of neighborhoods, especially single family residential areas and historic districts.
FIRST AND FOREMOST, any revisions to ADU regulations should be scrutinized carefully with respect
to their impact on residents and neighborhoods in R-1, R-S and even R-2. We think it is essential to
enforce and administer ADU regulations effectively and consistently. To accomplish this, the city needs
to staff appropriately.
The INC also recommends:
Type of ADU: In R-1 and R-S districts, ADUs should continue to be allowed only “within primary
structures” if the preliminary plat was approved before Jan 1, 1997. ADUs should continue to be allowed
“within primary structures” and “above detached garages” if preliminary plats were approved after Jan 1,
1997.
Lot size: Minimum lot size could be reduced from 6,000 SF to 5,000 SF for ADUs within a primary structure
or above a detached garage provided. See recommendations below on Lot Coverage, ADU size and ADU
height.
Lot Coverage: Should remain the same.
R-1, R-2, R-3, R-MH <40% for all uses except townhouses
R-4 <50%
R-O <50% residential uses, 60% for neighborhood/non-residential
ADU Size: The size for all ADUs should have a maximum of 800 SF (an increase from 600 SF for above
detached garages). In order to balance the intensity of buildings with the size of the lot, the actual size of the
ADU should be determined by the maximum Floor Area Ratio (FAR.) This is the ratio of the floor areas of all
levels of all permanent and non-permanent habitable buildings on site (including an ADU, garages,
permanent sheds, etc.) in relation to the lot size. Floor areas include the main floor as well as all floors
above the main floor (and possibly below main floor). FAR is used with ADU sizing in Bend OR, Boulder CO.,
Decatur IL and other cities. One reason for using FAR is to insure that a sense of visual proportionality is
maintained visually on a lot. The FAR ratio would need to be determined by the City.
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NOTE: Tiny houses are growing in popularity across the country and have come up in Bozeman. While a
tiny house on a permanent foundation would likely considered an ADU, tiny houses can also be set on
wheels. The City should determine whether or not a tiny house on wheels qualifies as an RV or a non-
permanent ADU.
ADU Height Limit: ADUs above detached garages should continue to have a 3 ft knee wall (increasing to 5ft
would not increase the number of people able to live in ADU, but would increase visual size). The INC
recommend ADUs above a detached garage be limited to1 story. The building height and proportion should
continue to be governed by sections 38.060 (building height) and 38.08.070 (Residential garages) of the
Municipal Code. A second story addition on a detached garage should be approved only if found compatible
and consistent with character and fabric of the neighborhood.
Aesthetics: Any “detached above garage” ADU should complement the primary structure, and blend into
the architectural character of the neighborhood, especially in historic districts. It also should be subordinate
to the primary structure (smaller).
Solar Access: Any proposed “detached above garage ADU” should not block a neighbor’s solar access or
potential thereof (passive or active solar or photovoltaics). Boulder CO, Ashland OR and other cities have
solar access ordinances. In Boulder the solar shadow cast on a neighbor’s property can’t exceed a certain
height on Dec 21st. The shadow height in Boulder varies in different residential and commercial districts.
View Sheds: Blockage of view sheds also should be considered in placement of a new ADU.
Occupancy: The primary structure or the ADU should be occupied as a principal residence by one owner of
record in ALL residential zoning districts not just the current R-1 and R-S. Same as in current code, only one
structure can be rented at a time.
NOTE: Short Term Rentals: ADUs should be built to increase long-term rental options for more affordable
housing. More ADUs (increased infill) should not be built just to increase the number of short-term vacation
rentals.
Detached Ground floor ADUs: This type of ADU should not be allowed in R-1 or R-S single family zoning.
There also is concern about having detached ground floor ADUs in other residential zoning districts.
Conditional Use Permits (CUPs): Applicants for ADUs in R-1 and R-S should no longer be required to have
a CUP provided there is at least 60 day public notice (including sign on property and mailed notice to
neighbors). Neighbors should have the option to appeal.
Enforcement & Permits: As part of the original permit, a property covenant should be placed on the deed
that requires the owner occupies either the ADU or primary structure and agree to all other ADU
requirements. Inspections should occur during construction and upon completion of ADU to confirm all
requirements are met. An annual permit or registration process should be established for all ADUs to verify
compliance of owner occupancy and number of renters. Violation of the property covenant would result in
penalty, a fine and/or revocation of ADU permit.
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Thank you for reviewing and considering these recommendations for revising ADU regulations within the UDC.
The “N” in INC stands for Neighborhoods and additional ADUs will indeed impact the neighborhoods of
Bozeman.
Inter Neighborhood Council
Jennifer Rockne, Chair and representing South Central Association of Neighbors
Kathy Powell, Vice Chair and representing University Neighborhood Association
Bob Wall, Secretary and representing Southeast Neighborhood Association
Maddy Weisz, Valley Unit Neighborhood Association
Jack Tyler, Flanders Creek Neighborhood Association
Ginny Cowan, Bozeman Creek Neighborhood Association
Gail MacMillan & Lisa Kirk, Bogert Park Neighborhood Association
Dave Chambers, Northeast Neighborhood Association
Joe Genovese, New Hyalite View Neighborhood
Evette Allison, Marwyn-Lindley Neighborhood
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ADU Potential Benefits and Concerns in Bozeman
Benefits Concerns
Extra income for property owner
Overcrowding
Increase property value
Create parking problems – overflow onto
street if renters have 2 or more cars or
visiting friends
Increase availability of Affordable Housing
Affect aesthetics & historic neighborhoods –
currently some ADUs don’t compliment
primary structure or fit into neighborhood
architecture
Increase safety and shared workload
between renters and on-site owners
Density – too many ADUs in a neighborhood
affect neighborhood character (especially
single family residential)
Provide place for family member needing
assistance to live rather than live in assisted
living
Block views & solar access. Decrease privacy
due to detached garage ADUs
Might help reduce urban sprawl
Increased noise
Support nearby businesses with extra people
living on lot
More traffic
Increase entrepreneurial activity due to
having more customers in area
Stress existing infrastructure – sewer, water,
roads
Strengthen family and neighborhood
relationships
Create Gentrification – property owners may
prefer to rent to professionals rather than
students or low to moderate income renters
Reduce car-dependent housing in city core Be used for short term rentals instead of long
term rental housing
Enforcement must be active to have
successful ADUs in neighborhoods.